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mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallu_galu" title="Gallu galu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Gallu galu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hahn_(Wappentier)#Der_gallische_Hahn" title="Hahn (Wappentier) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hahn (Wappentier)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Γαλατικός κόκορας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γαλατικός κόκορας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallo_galo" title="Gallo galo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gallo galo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ga%C5%ADla_virkoko" title="Gaŭla virkoko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gaŭla virkoko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coq_gaulois" title="Coq gaulois – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Coq gaulois" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%B2" title="Գալլական աքաղաղ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գալլական աքաղաղ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99" title="התרנגול הגאלי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="התרנגול הגאלי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallische_haan" title="Gallische haan – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gallische haan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallisk_hane" title="Gallisk hane – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gallisk hane" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kogut_galijski" title="Kogut galijski – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kogut galijski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galo_Gaul%C3%AAs" title="Galo Gaulês – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Galo Gaulês" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coco%C8%99ul_galic" title="Cocoșul galic – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cocoșul galic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%83%D1%85" title="Галльский петух – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Галльский петух" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallian_kukko" title="Gallian kukko – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gallian kukko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galya_horozu" title="Galya horozu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Galya horozu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Галльський півень – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Галльський півень" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" 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searchaux" style="display:none">National symbol of France</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M%C3%A9morial_des_soldats_et_marins_de_la_Charente-Inf%C3%A9rieure_(16).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/M%C3%A9morial_des_soldats_et_marins_de_la_Charente-Inf%C3%A9rieure_%2816%29.JPG/170px-M%C3%A9morial_des_soldats_et_marins_de_la_Charente-Inf%C3%A9rieure_%2816%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/M%C3%A9morial_des_soldats_et_marins_de_la_Charente-Inf%C3%A9rieure_%2816%29.JPG/255px-M%C3%A9morial_des_soldats_et_marins_de_la_Charente-Inf%C3%A9rieure_%2816%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/M%C3%A9morial_des_soldats_et_marins_de_la_Charente-Inf%C3%A9rieure_%2816%29.JPG/340px-M%C3%A9morial_des_soldats_et_marins_de_la_Charente-Inf%C3%A9rieure_%2816%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3168" data-file-height="4752" /></a><figcaption>Gallic rooster on top of a <a href="/wiki/Monuments_aux_Morts" title="Monuments aux Morts">war memorial</a> in <a href="/wiki/La_Rochelle" title="La Rochelle">La Rochelle</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Gallic rooster</b> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">le coq gaulois</i>) is a <a href="/wiki/National_symbol" title="National symbol">national symbol</a> of <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> as a nation, as opposed to <a href="/wiki/Marianne" title="Marianne">Marianne</a> representing France as a state and its values: the Republic.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="/wiki/Rooster" class="mw-redirect" title="Rooster">rooster</a> is also the symbol of the <a href="/wiki/Wallonia" title="Wallonia">Wallonia</a> region and the <a href="/wiki/French_Community_of_Belgium" title="French Community of Belgium">French Community of Belgium</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="France">France</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gallic_rooster&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grille_du_Coq_detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Grille_du_Coq_detail.jpg/170px-Grille_du_Coq_detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Grille_du_Coq_detail.jpg/255px-Grille_du_Coq_detail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Grille_du_Coq_detail.jpg/340px-Grille_du_Coq_detail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2096" data-file-height="2324" /></a><figcaption>Gallic rooster on the garden gate of the <a href="/wiki/%C3%89lys%C3%A9e_Palace" title="Élysée Palace">Élysée Palace</a> in Paris, the official residence of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France">President of the French Republic</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>During the times of Ancient Rome, <a href="/wiki/Suetonius" title="Suetonius">Suetonius</a>, in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Twelve_Caesars" title="The Twelve Caesars">The Twelve Caesars</a></i>, noticed that, in <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>, rooster (<i>gallus</i>) and Galli (<i>Gallus</i>) were <a href="/wiki/Homonym" title="Homonym">homonyms</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Drapeau_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drapeau-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Its association with France dates back from the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> and is due to the play on words in <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a> between <i>Gallus</i>, meaning an inhabitant of <a href="/wiki/Gaul" title="Gaul">Gaul</a>, and <i>gallus</i>, meaning <a href="/wiki/Rooster" class="mw-redirect" title="Rooster">rooster</a>, or cockerel. Its use, by the enemies of France, dates to this period, originally a <a href="/wiki/Pun" title="Pun">pun</a> to make fun of the French,<sup id="cite_ref-Drapeau_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drapeau-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the association between the rooster and the Gauls/French was developed by the kings of France for the strong Christian symbol that the rooster represents: prior to being arrested, Jesus predicted that Peter would deny him three times before the rooster crowed on the following morning. At the rooster's crowing, Peter remembered Jesus's words. Its crowing at the dawning of each new morning made it a symbol of the daily victory of light over darkness and the triumph of good over evil. It is also an emblem of the Christian's attitude of watchfulness and readiness for the sudden return of Christ, the resurrection of the dead, and the final judgment of humankind. That is why, during the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a>, the rooster became a symbol of France as a Catholic state and became a popular Christian image on <a href="/wiki/Weather_vane" title="Weather vane">weather vanes</a>, also known as weathercocks.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Liomer,_Somme,_France.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Liomer%2C_Somme%2C_France.JPG/170px-Liomer%2C_Somme%2C_France.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Liomer%2C_Somme%2C_France.JPG/255px-Liomer%2C_Somme%2C_France.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Liomer%2C_Somme%2C_France.JPG/340px-Liomer%2C_Somme%2C_France.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Gallic rooster atop a <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> memorial, <a href="/wiki/Liomer" title="Liomer">Liomer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Somme_(department)" title="Somme (department)">Somme</a>).</figcaption></figure> <p>The popularity of the Gallic rooster as a national personification faded away until its resurgence during the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a> (1789). The republican <a href="/wiki/Historiography" title="Historiography">historiography</a> completely modified the traditional perception of the origins of France. Until then, the royal historiography dated the origins of France back to the baptism of <a href="/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I">Clovis I</a> in 496, the "first Christian king of France". The republicans rejected this royalist and Christian origin of the country and trace the origins of France back to the ancient Gaul. Although purely apocryphal, the rooster became the personification of the early inhabitants of France, the Gauls. </p><p>The Gallic rooster, colloquially named <i><a href="/wiki/Reynard_the_Fox" title="Reynard the Fox">Chantecler</a></i>, had been a national emblem ever since, especially during the <a href="/wiki/Third_French_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Third French Republic">Third Republic</a>. The rooster was featured on the reverse of French 20-franc gold pieces from 1899 to 1914. After <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> it was depicted on countless <a href="/wiki/War_memorials" class="mw-redirect" title="War memorials">war memorials</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_XV_de_france.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Logo_XV_de_france.JPG/220px-Logo_XV_de_france.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Logo_XV_de_france.JPG/330px-Logo_XV_de_france.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Logo_XV_de_france.JPG/440px-Logo_XV_de_france.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The jersey of the <a href="/wiki/France_national_rugby_union_team" title="France national rugby union team">French national rugby team</a>, with the traditional Gallic rooster symbol</figcaption></figure> <p>Today, it is often used as a national <a href="/wiki/Mascot" title="Mascot">mascot</a>, particularly in sporting events such as <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> (soccer) and <a href="/wiki/Rugby_football" title="Rugby football">rugby</a>. The <a href="/wiki/1998_FIFA_World_Cup" title="1998 FIFA World Cup">1998 FIFA World Cup</a>, hosted by France, adopted an anthropomorphic rooster named <a href="/wiki/Footix" class="mw-redirect" title="Footix">Footix</a> as its <a href="/wiki/Mascot" title="Mascot">mascot</a>. Two decades later, the <a href="/wiki/2019_FIFA_Women%27s_World_Cup" title="2019 FIFA Women's World Cup">2019 FIFA Women's World Cup</a>, also hosted by France, featured a young anthropomorphic female chicken known as ettie (officially in lower case) as its mascot, with ettie being depicted as the daughter of Footix.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/France_national_rugby_league_team" title="France national rugby league team">France national rugby league team</a> are known as the <i>Chanteclairs</i>, referring to the cockerel's song. </p><p>The popularity of the symbol extends into business through several notable brands: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Coq_Sportif" title="Le Coq Sportif">Le Coq Sportif</a></i> ("The athletic rooster"), a French manufacturer of sports equipment using a stylized rooster and the colors of the <a href="/wiki/French_tricolour" class="mw-redirect" title="French tricolour">French tricolour</a> as its logo,</li> <li>the logo of <a href="/wiki/Path%C3%A9" title="Pathé">Pathé</a>, a French-born, now international company of film production and distribution,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayam_Brand" title="Ayam Brand">Ayam Brand</a>, an Asia-wide food company based in Singapore founded by a Frenchman in 1892 formerly known as "A. Clouet & Co.", the name came from the <a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malay</a> word <i>ayam</i> meaning "chicken" in reference to the rooster adorning many of the Clouet products at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Another heraldic animal officially used by the French nation was the <a href="/wiki/French_Imperial_Eagle" title="French Imperial Eagle">French Imperial Eagle</a>, symbol of the <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">First</a> and <a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">Second French Empire</a> under <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon I">Napoleon I</a> and <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III" title="Napoleon III">Napoleon III</a>, as well as the bee.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There was also the <a href="/wiki/Salamanders_in_folklore" class="mw-redirect" title="Salamanders in folklore">Salamander</a> which was used under <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I of France</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wallonia">Wallonia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gallic_rooster&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Wallonia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Wallonia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_Wallonia.svg/220px-Flag_of_Wallonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_Wallonia.svg/330px-Flag_of_Wallonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_Wallonia.svg/440px-Flag_of_Wallonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Wallonia" title="Flag of Wallonia">Walloon rooster</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Gallic rooster was adopted as the symbol of <a href="/wiki/Walloon_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Walloon movement">Walloon movement</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> It represents a "<a href="/wiki/Fighting_cocks" class="mw-redirect" title="Fighting cocks">bold rooster</a>" (<i>coq hardi</i>), raising its claws, instead of the "crowing rooster" that is traditionally depicted in France. This symbol, also known as the Walloon rooster, was officially adopted as the symbol of <a href="/wiki/Wallonia" title="Wallonia">Wallonia</a> (in 1998) and the <a href="/wiki/French_Community_of_Belgium" title="French Community of Belgium">French Community of Belgium</a> (in 1991). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cocorico">Cocorico</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gallic_rooster&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cocorico"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In France, the <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> <a href="/wiki/Onomatopoeia" title="Onomatopoeia">onomatopoeia</a> for the rooster <a href="/wiki/Rooster#Crowing" class="mw-redirect" title="Rooster">crowing sound</a>, "cocorico" (<i>cock-a-doodle-doo</i>), is sometimes used as an expression of national pride, sometimes ironically.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gallic_rooster&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rooster_of_Barcelos" title="Rooster of Barcelos">Rooster of Barcelos</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gallic_rooster&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Drapeau-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Drapeau_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Drapeau_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGraves2007" class="citation book cs1">Graves, Robert (2007). <i>Suetonius. The Twelve Caesars</i>. London: Penguin Classics. p. 273. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-140-45516-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-140-45516-8"><bdi>978-0-140-45516-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Suetonius.+The+Twelve+Caesars&rft.place=London&rft.pages=273&rft.pub=Penguin+Classics&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-140-45516-8&rft.aulast=Graves&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGallic+rooster" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inside.fifa.com/tournaments/womens/womensworldcup/france2019/news/ettie-makes-her-first-public-appearance-2949701">"ettie™ makes her first public appearance"</a>. <i>FIFA.com</i>. 12 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FIFA.com&rft.atitle=ettie%E2%84%A2+makes+her+first+public+appearance&rft.date=2018-05-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finside.fifa.com%2Ftournaments%2Fwomens%2Fwomensworldcup%2Ffrance2019%2Fnews%2Fettie-makes-her-first-public-appearance-2949701&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGallic+rooster" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonn2019" class="citation web cs1">Bonn, Kyle (26 June 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcsports.com/soccer/news/womens-world-cup-mascot-costume-stolen-from-parc-des-prince">"Women's World Cup mascot costume stolen from Parc des Prince"</a>. <i>NBC Sports</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+Sports&rft.atitle=Women%E2%80%99s+World+Cup+mascot+costume+stolen+from+Parc+des+Prince&rft.date=2019-06-26&rft.aulast=Bonn&rft.aufirst=Kyle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcsports.com%2Fsoccer%2Fnews%2Fwomens-world-cup-mascot-costume-stolen-from-parc-des-prince&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGallic+rooster" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/food-drink/article/2153039/story-ayam-brand-set-singapore-frenchman-and-how-it-got-its">"How a symbol of France ended up on the cans of Asia's Ayam Brand"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i>. 30 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=How+a+symbol+of+France+ended+up+on+the+cans+of+Asia%E2%80%99s+Ayam+Brand&rft.date=2018-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Flifestyle%2Ffood-drink%2Farticle%2F2153039%2Fstory-ayam-brand-set-singapore-frenchman-and-how-it-got-its&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGallic+rooster" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.napoleon.org/en/history-of-the-two-empires/the-symbols-of-empire/">"The symbols of Empire"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Fondation_Napol%C3%A9on" title="Fondation Napoléon">Fondation Napoléon</a></i>. June 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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