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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" 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Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="دورية الجمعية الطبية الأمريكية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دورية الجمعية الطبية الأمريكية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_the_American_Medical_Association" title="Journal of the American Medical Association – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Journal of the American Medical Association" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_the_American_Medical_Association" title="Journal of the American Medical Association – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Journal of the American Medical Association" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_the_American_Medical_Association" title="Journal of the American Medical Association – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Journal of the American Medical Association" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/JAMA" title="JAMA – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="JAMA" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/JAMA" title="JAMA – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="JAMA" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7_(%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%87)" title="جاما (مجله) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جاما (مجله)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_the_American_Medical_Association" title="Journal of the American Medical Association – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Journal of the American Medical Association" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98%EC%82%AC%ED%98%91%ED%9A%8C%EC%A0%80%EB%84%90" title="미국의사협회저널 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미국의사협회저널" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_the_American_Medical_Association" title="Journal of the American Medical Association – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Journal of the American Medical Association" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_the_American_Medical_Association" title="Journal of the American Medical Association – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Journal of the American Medical Association" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8A%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AA%E3%83%96%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B8%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A1%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%82%BD%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3" title="ジャーナル・オブ・ジ・アメリカン・メディカル・アソシエーション – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジャーナル・オブ・ジ・アメリカン・メディカル・アソシエーション" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_the_American_Medical_Association" title="Journal of the American Medical Association – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Journal of the American Medical Association" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_the_American_Medical_Association" title="Journal of the American Medical Association – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Journal of the American Medical Association" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/JAMA" title="JAMA – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="JAMA" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_the_American_Medical_Association" title="Journal of the American Medical Association – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Journal of the American Medical Association" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/JAMA" title="JAMA – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="JAMA" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_the_American_Medical_Association" title="Journal of the American Medical Association – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Journal of the American Medical Association" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD" title="เจเอเอ็มเอ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เจเอเอ็มเอ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/JAMA" title="JAMA – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="JAMA" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97" title="Журнал Американської Медичної Асоціації – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Журнал Американської Медичної Асоціації" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9A%E6%9D%82%E5%BF%97" title="美国医学会杂志 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="美国医学会杂志" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1470970#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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.hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/JAMA_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="JAMA (disambiguation)">JAMA (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Academic journal</div><div class="infobox-journal-search" style="display:none;"></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hproduct"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%;"><i><span class="fn">The Journal of the American Medical Association</span></i><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+American+Medical+Association&rft.stitle=JAMA&rft.coden=JAMAAP&rft.issn=0098-7484&rft.eissn=1538-3598&rft_id=info:lccn/82643544&rft_id=info:oclcnum/1124917&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjama.jamanetwork.com%2F"></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:JAMA_Cover_Image.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3f/JAMA_Cover_Image.png/200px-JAMA_Cover_Image.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/3/3f/JAMA_Cover_Image.png 1.5x" data-file-width="273" data-file-height="363" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_academic_disciplines" title="Outline of academic disciplines">Discipline</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">Medicine</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Editor-in-chief" title="Editor-in-chief">Edited</a> by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kirsten_Bibbins-Domingo" title="Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo">Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;">Publication details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap">Former name(s)</span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;"><div style="font-style:italic;">Transactions of the American Medical Association<i>;</i> Councilor's Bulletin<i>;</i> Bulletin of the American Medical Association<i>;</i> Journal of the American Medical Association</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">History</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;">1883–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Academic_publishing" title="Academic publishing">Publisher</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/American_Medical_Association" title="American Medical Association">American Medical Association</a> (United States)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Periodical_literature#Frequency" title="Periodical literature">Frequency</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;">48/year</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access">Open access</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;">Free access to research articles after six months</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Impact_factor" title="Impact factor">Impact factor</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;">63.1 (2023)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;">Standard abbreviations<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://marcinwrochna.github.io/abbrevIso/?search=The_Journal_of_the_American_Medical_Association">ISO 4</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/">alt</a>) <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Academic_Journals/Bluebook_journals" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Academic Journals/Bluebook journals">Bluebook</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://westerncriminology.org/publications/bluebook-abbreviations/">alt</a>)<br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=0098-7484%5BISSN%5D">NLM</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=The+Journal+of+the+American+Medical+Association%5BJournal%5D">alt</a>) <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/msnhtml/serials.pdf">MathSciNet</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journals.html?journalName=0098-7484&Submit=Search">alt</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Paid subscription required"><img alt="Paid subscription required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="947" /></span></span>)</span></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_4" title="ISO 4">ISO 4</a></th><td class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;"><i>JAMA</i></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;">Indexing<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=0098-7484">CODEN</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=1538-3598">alt</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=titles&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=JAMA">alt2</a>) <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/journals/00987484">JSTOR</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/showJournals?browseType=title">alt</a>) <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=0098-7484&argType1=all&searchCode1=KNUM&searchType=2">LCCN</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=The+Journal+of+the+American+Medical+Association&argType1=all&searchCode1=KTIL&searchType=2">alt</a>)<br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://miar.ub.edu/issn/0098-7484">MIAR</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=0098-7484%5BISSN%5D">NLM</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=The+Journal+of+the+American+Medical+Association%5BJournal%5D">alt</a>) <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scopus.com/sources?sortField=citescore&sortDirection=desc&isHiddenField=false&field=issn&issn=0098-7484">Scopus</a></span></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="type"><a href="/wiki/CODEN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="CODEN (identifier)">CODEN</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=codens&exactMatch=y&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=JAMAAP">JAMAAP</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="type"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;"><span class="value"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0098-7484">0098-7484</a></span> (print)<br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1538-3598">1538-3598</a> (web)<br /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="type"><a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/82643544">82643544</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="type"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> no.</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1124917">1124917</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-align: center"><i><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Until 1960:</div></i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="type"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;"><span class="value"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0002-9955">0002-9955</a></span><br /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;">Links</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jama.jamanetwork.com/">Journal homepage</a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jama.jamanetwork.com/issue.aspx">Online access</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jama.jamanetwork.com/issues.aspx">Online archive</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>JAMA (The Journal of the American Medical Association)</b></i> is a <a href="/wiki/Peer-reviewed" class="mw-redirect" title="Peer-reviewed">peer-reviewed</a> <a href="/wiki/Medical_journal" title="Medical journal">medical journal</a> published 48 times a year by the <a href="/wiki/American_Medical_Association" title="American Medical Association">American Medical Association</a>. It publishes original research, reviews, and editorials covering all aspects of <a href="/wiki/Biomedicine" title="Biomedicine">biomedicine</a>. The journal was established in 1883 with <a href="/wiki/Nathan_Smith_Davis" title="Nathan Smith Davis">Nathan Smith Davis</a> as the founding editor.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kirsten_Bibbins-Domingo" title="Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo">Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo</a> of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="University of California San Francisco">University of California San Francisco</a> became the journal <a href="/wiki/Editor-in-chief" title="Editor-in-chief">editor-in-chief</a> on July 1, 2022, succeeding <a href="/wiki/Howard_Bauchner" title="Howard Bauchner">Howard Bauchner</a> of <a href="/wiki/Boston_University" title="Boston University">Boston University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_Citation_Reports" title="Journal Citation Reports">Journal Citation Reports</a></i>, the journal's 2024 <a href="/wiki/Impact_factor" title="Impact factor">impact factor</a> is 63.1, ranking it 4th out of 168 journals in the category "Medicine, General & Internal".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JAMA&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The journal was established in 1883 by the <a href="/wiki/American_Medical_Association" title="American Medical Association">American Medical Association</a> and superseded the <i>Transactions of the American Medical Association</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-UWEB_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UWEB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Councilor's Bulletin</i> was renamed the <i>Bulletin of the American Medical Association</i>, which later was absorbed by the <i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-CASSI_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CASSI-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1960, the journal obtained its current title, <i>JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-MEDLINE_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEDLINE-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LC_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LC-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The journal is commonly referred to as <i>JAMA</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Continuing_medical_education">Continuing medical education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JAMA&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Continuing medical education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Continuing Education Opportunities for Physicians</i> was a semiannual journal section providing lists for regional or national levels of <a href="/wiki/Continuing_medical_education" title="Continuing medical education">continuing medical education</a> (CME). Between 1937 and 1955, the list was produced either quarterly or semiannually. Between 1955 and 1981, the list was available annually, as the number of CME offerings increased from 1,000 (1955) to 8,500 (1981). In 2016, CME transitioned into a digital offering from the JAMA Network called JN Learning CME & MOC from JAMA Network.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> JN Learning provides CME and MOC credit from article and audio materials published within all 12 JAMA Network journals, including <i>JAMA</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publication_of_article_by_Barack_Obama">Publication of article by Barack Obama</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JAMA&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Publication of article by Barack Obama"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 11 July 2016, <i>JAMA</i> published an article by <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> entitled "<a href="/wiki/United_States_Health_Care_Reform:_Progress_to_Date_and_Next_Steps" title="United States Health Care Reform: Progress to Date and Next Steps">United States Health Care Reform: Progress to Date and Next Steps</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was the first academic paper ever published by a sitting <a href="/wiki/U.S._president" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. president">U.S. president</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The article was not subject to blind peer-review. It argued for specific policies that future presidents could pursue in order to improve national health care reform implementation.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Policy_shift">Policy shift</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JAMA&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Policy shift"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the controversial 1999 firing<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (October 2024)">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> of an editor-in-chief, <a href="/wiki/George_D._Lundberg" title="George D. Lundberg">George D. Lundberg</a>, a process was put in place to ensure editorial freedom. A seven-member journal oversight committee was created to evaluate the editor-in-chief and to help ensure editorial independence. Since its inception, the committee has met at least once a year. Presently, <i>JAMA</i> policy states that article content should be attributed to authors, not to the publisher.<sup id="cite_ref-sciencenow.sciencemag_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sciencenow.sciencemag-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Artwork">Artwork</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JAMA&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Artwork"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1964 to 2013, <i>JAMA</i> used images of artwork on its cover and it published essays commenting on the artwork.<sup id="cite_ref-Levine_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Levine-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to former editor George Lundberg, this practice was designed to link the humanities and medicine.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, a format redesign moved the art feature to an inside page, replacing an image of the artwork on the cover with a table of contents.<sup id="cite_ref-Levine_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Levine-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The purpose of the redesign was to standardize the appearance of all journals in the <a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Medical_Association_journals" title="List of American Medical Association journals">JAMA Network</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Racism_controversy">Racism controversy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JAMA&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Racism controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On a February 2021 JAMA podcast a Deputy Editor of the journal proposed that "structural racism is an unfortunate term to describe a very real problem" and that "taking racism out of the conversation would help" to ensure "all people who lived in disadvantaged circumstances have equal opportunities to become successful and have better qualities of life."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to the comments made during the podcast, JAMA then tweeted out the podcast with the caption "No physician is racist, so how can there be structural racism in health care" which further added to the controversy.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The comments were immediately criticized by some,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> resulting in deletion of the podcast<sup id="cite_ref-mandavilli_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mandavilli-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lee_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lee-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and resignation of the Deputy Editor. On June 1, 2021, the editor-in-chief announced that he would resign effective June 30, 2021 to "create an opportunity for new leadership at JAMA."<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mandavilli_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mandavilli-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Columnists <a href="/wiki/Eric_Zorn" title="Eric Zorn">Eric Zorn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Henninger" title="Daniel Henninger">Daniel Henninger</a> asserted in separate Op-Eds that the resignation of the two editors was an unfortunate substitute for meaningful conversations about racism and health care,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the episode was highlighted as a case study of social media, polarization, and radicalization in <a href="/wiki/Greg_Lukianoff" title="Greg Lukianoff">Greg Lukianoff</a> and Rikki Schlott's 2023 book <i>The Canceling of the American Mind</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Previous_chief_editors">Previous chief editors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JAMA&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Previous chief editors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following people have been editor-in-chief of <i>JAMA</i>:<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_S._Davis" class="mw-redirect" title="Nathan S. Davis">Nathan S. Davis</a> (1883–1888)</li> <li>John B. Hamilton (1889, 1893–1898)</li> <li>John H. Hollister (1889–1891)</li> <li>James C. Culbertson (1891–1893)</li> <li>Truman W. Miller (1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Simmons" title="George H. Simmons">George H. Simmons</a> (1899–1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_Fishbein" title="Morris Fishbein">Morris Fishbein</a> (1924–1949)</li> <li>Austin Smith (1949–1958)</li> <li>Johnson F. Hammond (1958–1959)</li> <li>John H. Talbott (1959–1969)</li> <li>Hugh H. Hussey (1970–1973)<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Robert H. Moser (1973–1975)</li> <li>William R. Barclay (1975–1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_D._Lundberg" title="George D. Lundberg">George D. Lundberg</a> (1982–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_D._DeAngelis" title="Catherine D. DeAngelis">Catherine D. DeAngelis</a> (2000–2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_C._Bauchner" class="mw-redirect" title="Howard C. Bauchner">Howard C. Bauchner</a> (2011–2021)</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Abstracting_and_indexing">Abstracting and indexing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JAMA&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Abstracting and indexing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>JAMA</i> is abstracted and indexed in: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_OneFile" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic OneFile">Academic OneFile</a><sup id="cite_ref-UWEB_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UWEB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academic_Search" title="Academic Search">Academic Search</a><sup id="cite_ref-UWEB_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UWEB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BIOSIS_Previews" title="BIOSIS Previews">BIOSIS Previews</a><sup id="cite_ref-ISI_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ISI-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biological_Abstracts" title="Biological Abstracts">Biological Abstracts</a><sup id="cite_ref-UWEB_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UWEB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAB_Abstracts" class="mw-redirect" title="CAB Abstracts">CAB Abstracts</a><sup id="cite_ref-CABAB_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CABAB-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_Abstracts" class="mw-redirect" title="Chemical Abstracts">Chemical Abstracts</a><sup id="cite_ref-CASSI_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CASSI-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CINAHL" title="CINAHL">CINAHL</a><sup id="cite_ref-CINAHL_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CINAHL-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Current_Index_to_Statistics" title="Current Index to Statistics">Current Index to Statistics</a><sup id="cite_ref-UWEB_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UWEB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Current_Contents" title="Current Contents">Current Contents</a>/Clinical Medicine<sup id="cite_ref-ISI_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ISI-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Current Contents/Life Sciences<sup id="cite_ref-ISI_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ISI-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elsevier_BIOBASE" class="mw-redirect" title="Elsevier BIOBASE">Elsevier BIOBASE</a><sup id="cite_ref-UWEB_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UWEB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embase" title="Embase">Embase</a><sup id="cite_ref-UWEB_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UWEB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Health_(database)" class="mw-redirect" title="Global Health (database)">Global Health</a><sup id="cite_ref-CABGH_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CABGH-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_Medicus" title="Index Medicus">Index Medicus</a>/<a href="/wiki/MEDLINE" title="MEDLINE">MEDLINE</a>/<a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a><sup id="cite_ref-MEDLINE_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEDLINE-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PsycINFO" title="PsycINFO">PsycINFO</a><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_Citation_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Science Citation Index">Science Citation Index</a><sup id="cite_ref-ISI_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ISI-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scopus" title="Scopus">Scopus</a><sup id="cite_ref-UWEB_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UWEB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_Diseases_Bulletin" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical Diseases Bulletin">Tropical Diseases Bulletin</a><sup id="cite_ref-CABTDB_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CABTDB-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JAMA&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Medical_Association_journals" title="List of American Medical Association journals">List of American Medical Association journals</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JAMA&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em 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.cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ama-assn.org/about/ama-history/ama-history">"AMA history"</a>. The American Medical Association. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201111215623/https://www.ama-assn.org/about/ama-history/ama-history">Archived</a> from the original on November 11, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AMA+history&rft.pub=The+American+Medical+Association&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ama-assn.org%2Fabout%2Fama-history%2Fama-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJAMA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAsplund2002" class="citation web cs1">Asplund, Jon (April 11, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagobusiness.com/health-care/ama-hires-dr-kirsten-bibbins-domingo-editor-chief-jama">"AMA hires first person of color as JAMA editor-in-chief"</a>. <i>Crain's Chicago Business</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231105151622/https://www.chicagobusiness.com/health-care/ama-hires-dr-kirsten-bibbins-domingo-editor-chief-jama">Archived</a> from the original on November 5, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 17,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Crain%27s+Chicago+Business&rft.atitle=AMA+hires+first+person+of+color+as+JAMA+editor-in-chief&rft.date=2002-04-11&rft.aulast=Asplund&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagobusiness.com%2Fhealth-care%2Fama-hires-dr-kirsten-bibbins-domingo-editor-chief-jama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJAMA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mjl.clarivate.com/login;createAccount=false;referrer=/journal-profile">"Web of Science Master Journal List - WoS MJL by Clarivate"</a>. <i>mjl.clarivate.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 1,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mjl.clarivate.com&rft.atitle=Web+of+Science+Master+Journal+List+-+WoS+MJL+by+Clarivate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmjl.clarivate.com%2Flogin%3BcreateAccount%3Dfalse%3Breferrer%3D%2Fjournal-profile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJAMA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UWEB-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UWEB_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UWEB_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UWEB_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UWEB_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UWEB_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UWEB_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UWEB_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UWEB_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ulrichsweb.serialssolutions.com/title/1419685242719/41747">"<i>JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association</i>"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ulrichsweb" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulrichsweb">Ulrichsweb</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128115339/http://www.ulrichsweb.serialssolutions.com/login">Archived</a> from the original on November 28, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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New York: Simon and Schuster (published October 17, 2023). pp. <span class="nowrap">193–</span>208. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-6680-1914-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-6680-1914-6"><bdi>978-1-6680-1914-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Canceling+of+the+American+Mind%3A+Cancel+Culture+Undermines+Trust+and+Threatens+Us+All+-+but+there+is+a+solution&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E193-%3C%2Fspan%3E208&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=978-1-6680-1914-6&rft.aulast=Lukianoff&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft.au=Schlott%2C+Rikki&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJAMA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAmerican_Medical_Association2015" class="citation journal cs1">American Medical Association (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjama.2014.11680">"JAMA Masthead"</a>. <i>JAMA</i>. <b>313</b> (14): <span class="nowrap">1397–</span>1398. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjama.2014.11680">10.1001/jama.2014.11680</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JAMA&rft.atitle=JAMA+Masthead&rft.volume=313&rft.issue=14&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1397-%3C%2Fspan%3E1398&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1001%2Fjama.2014.11680&rft.au=American+Medical+Association&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1001%252Fjama.2014.11680&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJAMA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gunby, Phil, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/380700?redirect=true">Hugh Hussey, MD, former JAMA editor, dead at 71</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180520193331/https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/380700?redirect=true">Archived</a> 2018-05-20 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>, JAMA, December 10, 1982, JAMA. 1982;248(22):2952. doi:10.1001/jama.1982.03330220012004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1982/11/11/dr-hugh-h-hussey-dean-emeritus-at-gu/1786a6ad-0205-470d-add5-ac06180bac10/">Dr. Hugh H. Hussey, Dean Emeritus at GU</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180705233603/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1982/11/11/dr-hugh-h-hussey-dean-emeritus-at-gu/1786a6ad-0205-470d-add5-ac06180bac10/">Archived</a> 2018-07-05 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>, The Washington Post, November 11, 1982</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ISI-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ISI_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ISI_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ISI_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ISI_33-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170926150543/http://ip-science.thomsonreuters.com/mjl/">"Master Journal List"</a>. <i>Intellectual Property & Science</i>. <a href="/wiki/Thomson_Reuters" title="Thomson Reuters">Thomson Reuters</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 27,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Intellectual+Property+%26+Science&rft.atitle=Master+Journal+List&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fip-science.thomsonreuters.com%2Fmjl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJAMA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CABAB-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CABAB_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cabi.org/publishing-products/online-information-resources/cab-abstracts/">"Serials cited"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CAB_Abstracts" class="mw-redirect" title="CAB Abstracts">CAB Abstracts</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/CABI_(organisation)" class="mw-redirect" title="CABI (organisation)">CABI</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141220045851/http://www.cabi.org/publishing-products/online-information-resources/cab-abstracts/">Archived</a> from the original on December 20, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 27,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tropical+Diseases+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Serials+cited&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cabi.org%2Fpublishing-products%2Fonline-information-resources%2Ftropical-diseases-bulletin%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJAMA" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JAMA&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" 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