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cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Planemo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 27 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objecte_de_massa_planet%C3%A0ria" title="Objecte de massa planetària — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Objecte de massa planetària" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objekt_planetarer_Masse" title="Objekt planetarer Masse — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Objekt planetarer Masse" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary-mass_object" title="Planetary-mass object — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Planetary-mass object" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planed-masa_objekto" title="Planed-masa objekto — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Planed-masa objekto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planemo" title="Planemo — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Planemo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeetos" title="Planeetos — estónio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Planeetos" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="اشیاء جرم‌سیاره‌ای — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اشیاء جرم‌سیاره‌ای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planemo" title="Planemo — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Planemo" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objet_de_masse_plan%C3%A9taire" title="Objet de masse planétaire — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Objet de masse planétaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objek_massa_planeter" title="Objek massa planeter — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Objek massa planeter" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planemo" title="Planemo — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Planemo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%83%91%E6%98%9F%E8%B3%AA%E9%87%8F%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93" title="惑星質量天体 — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="惑星質量天体" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%8C%EB%9E%98%EB%8B%88%EB%AA%A8" title="플래니모 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="플래니모" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planemo" title="Planemo — latim" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Planemo" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planemo" title="Planemo — luxemburguês" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Planemo" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburguês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planema" title="Planema — lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Planema" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objekt_vun_planetare_Masse" title="Objekt vun planetare Masse — baixo-alemão" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Objekt vun planetare Masse" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baixo-alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planemo" title="Planemo — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Planemo" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planemo" title="Planemo — norueguês nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Planemo" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norueguês nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planemo" title="Planemo — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Planemo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Планемо — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Планемо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary-mass_object" title="Planetary-mass object — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Planetary-mass object" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skupina_planemov" title="Skupina planemov — esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Skupina planemov" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C" title="วัตถุมวลเท่าดาวเคราะห์ — tailandês" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วัตถุมวลเท่าดาวเคราะห์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gezegen_k%C3%BCtleli_cisim" title="Gezegen kütleli cisim — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gezegen kütleli cisim" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Планемо — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Планемо" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E8%B3%AA%E9%87%8F%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94" title="行星質量天體 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" 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lang="pt" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Free-floating_planet_CFBDSIR_J214947.2-040308.9.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/Ficheiro:Free-floating_planet_CFBDSIR_J214947.2-040308.9.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Free-floating_planet_CFBDSIR_J214947.2-040308.9.jpg/220px-Free-floating_planet_CFBDSIR_J214947.2-040308.9.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Free-floating_planet_CFBDSIR_J214947.2-040308.9.jpg/330px-Free-floating_planet_CFBDSIR_J214947.2-040308.9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Free-floating_planet_CFBDSIR_J214947.2-040308.9.jpg/440px-Free-floating_planet_CFBDSIR_J214947.2-040308.9.jpg 2x" data-file-width="688" data-file-height="688" /></a><figcaption> imagem infravermelha do planemo <a href="/wiki/CFBDSIR_2149-0403" title="CFBDSIR 2149-0403">CFBDSIR 2149-0403</a> (ponto azul fraco no centro).</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Objeto de massa planetária</b> (do <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_inglesa" title="Língua inglesa">inglês</a>: <i><b>planet</b>ary-<b>m</b>ass <b>o</b>bject,</i> abreviado como <b>planemo</b>),<sup id="cite_ref-Weintraub2014_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weintraub2014-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> é um nome coletivo dado para <a href="/wiki/Corpo_celeste" class="mw-redirect" title="Corpo celeste">corpos celestes</a> que possuem massa maior que a de corpos pequenos (<a href="/wiki/Asteroide" title="Asteroide">asteroides</a> e <a href="/wiki/Cometa" title="Cometa">cometas</a>) e menor que as de <a href="/wiki/An%C3%A3_marrom" title="Anã marrom">anãs marrons</a>, mas não tão grandes a ponto de gerar <a href="/wiki/Rea%C3%A7%C3%B5es_nucleares" class="mw-redirect" title="Reações nucleares">reações nucleares</a> como as que ocorrem em <a href="/wiki/Estrela" title="Estrela">estrelas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Basri_Brown_2006_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Basri_Brown_2006-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Stern_Levison_2002_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stern_Levison_2002-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> O termo "planemo" também pode ser usado para designar objetos que vagam pela <a href="/wiki/Gal%C3%A1xia" title="Galáxia">galáxia</a> sem orbitar as estrelas, designando todos os corpos celestes menos massivos que uma estrela mas grandes o suficiente para conseguiram tomar um formato esférico. Esse termo foi oficializado pela comunidade científica em outubro de 2007. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Problemas_com_a_definição_e_termos_adicionais"><span id="Problemas_com_a_defini.C3.A7.C3.A3o_e_termos_adicionais"></span>Problemas com a definição e termos adicionais</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planemo&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Problemas com a definição e termos adicionais" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planemo&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Problemas com a definição e termos adicionais"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etimologia">Etimologia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planemo&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Etimologia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planemo&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Etimologia"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>O termo "planemo" foi proposto por Gibor Basri, professor de astronomia na <a href="/wiki/Universidade_de_Berkeley" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidade de Berkeley">Universidade de Berkeley</a> na <a href="/wiki/Calif%C3%B3rnia" title="Califórnia">Califórnia</a>, para a <a href="/wiki/Uni%C3%A3o_Astron%C3%B3mica_Internacional" title="União Astronómica Internacional">União Astronômica Internacional</a> com o objetivo de ajudar a esclarecer a nomenclatura dos corpos celestes. Naquela época, o mundo da astronomia estava passando por um debate sobre o que de fato é um planeta. Sob a definição de Basri, um planemo seria um objeto, arredondado por sua própria gravidade, cujo núcleo não passaria por uma fusão de reação nuclear durante sua existência, independentemente de sua órbita. A definição de planeta seria "um planemo que orbita um <a href="/wiki/Fusor_(astronomia)" title="Fusor (astronomia)">fusor</a>"; e pensava-se que esta seria a solução para o debate. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Problemas_com_a_definição"><span id="Problemas_com_a_defini.C3.A7.C3.A3o"></span>Problemas com a definição</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planemo&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar secção: Problemas com a definição" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planemo&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Problemas com a definição"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Objetos que não podem ser atribuídos a qualquer <a href="/wiki/Sistema_estelar" title="Sistema estelar">sistema estelar</a> eram antes classificados como "planetas" sem problemas adicionais.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> Até agora, nenhuma definição geralmente aceita e nenhum nome comum para esses objetos foi exatamente estabelecido em pesquisa. No entanto, em documentários, pesquisas, jornais e revistas científicas, os termos "planeta solitário", "planeta órfão" ou "planemo" costumam ser utilizados para se referir a objetos planetários que não orbitam quaisquer objetos luminosos.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Visibilidade_e_estimativa">Visibilidade e estimativa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planemo&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar secção: Visibilidade e estimativa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planemo&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Visibilidade e estimativa"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Os planetas que vagam livremente pelo <a href="/wiki/Universo" title="Universo">universo</a> são muito difíceis de se encontrar porque não brilham na luz visível, não refletem a luz e não são detectáveis por sua influência gravitacional em uma estrela. Mas com <a href="/wiki/Telesc%C3%B3pio_Infravermelho_do_Reino_Unido" title="Telescópio Infravermelho do Reino Unido">telescópios infravermelhos</a>, entretanto, devido às suas próprias emissões de calor, alguns candidatos para tais objetos na galáxia conseguiram ser descobertos. Acredita-se que há quase duas vezes mais planetas solitários do que a quantidade de estrelas na <a href="/wiki/Via_L%C3%A1ctea" title="Via Láctea">Via Láctea</a>, ou seja, se há cerca de 100-300 bilhões de estrelas na galáxia, isso implica dizer que há em torno de 400 bilhões de planetas que vagam livremente.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Uma estimativa semelhante foi feita para uma galáxia a cerca de 3,8 bilhões de <a href="/wiki/Ano-luz" title="Ano-luz">anos-luz</a> de distância, que foi estudada de perto através uma <a href="/wiki/Lente_gravitacional" title="Lente gravitacional">lente gravitacional</a> entre a <a href="/wiki/Terra" title="Terra">Terra</a> e o <a href="/wiki/Quasar" title="Quasar">Quasar</a> RX J1131-1231.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Weintraub2014-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Weintraub2014_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWeintraub2014" class="citation">Weintraub, David A. (2014), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dW1_AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA226"><i>Is Pluto a Planet?: A Historical Journey through the Solar System</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/1400852978" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/1400852978">1400852978</a>, Princeton University Press, p. 226</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3APlanemo&rft.aufirst=David+A.&rft.aulast=Weintraub&rft.btitle=Is+Pluto+a+Planet%3F%3A+A+Historical+Journey+through+the+Solar+System&rft.date=2014&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1400852978&rft.pages=226&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdW1_AwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA226&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Basri_Brown_2006-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Basri_Brown_2006_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBasriBrown2006" class="citation">Basri, G.; Brown, E. M. (maio de 2006), «Planetesimals to Brown Dwarfs: What is a Planet?», <i>Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences</i>, <b>34</b>: 193–216, <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006AREPS..34..193B">2006AREPS..34..193B</a>, <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0608417">astro-ph/0608417</a><span style="margin-left:0.1em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Acessível livremente"><img alt="Acessível livremente" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span></span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.earth.34.031405.125058">10.1146/annurev.earth.34.031405.125058</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3APlanemo&rft.atitle=Planetesimals+to+Brown+Dwarfs%3A+What+is+a+Planet%3F&rft.au=Brown%2C+E.+M.&rft.aufirst=G.&rft.aulast=Basri&rft.date=2006-05&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Earth+and+Planetary+Sciences&rft.pages=193-216&rft.volume=34&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fastro-ph%2F0608417&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2006AREPS..34..193B&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.earth.34.031405.125058&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stern_Levison_2002-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Stern_Levison_2002_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSternLevison2002" class="citation">Stern, S. Alan; Levison, Harold F. (2002), Rickman, H., ed., «Regarding the criteria for planethood and proposed planetary classification schemes», <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/1-58381-086-2" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/1-58381-086-2">1-58381-086-2</a>, San Francisco, CA: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, <i>Highlights of Astronomy</i>, <b>12</b>, pp. 205–213, <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002HiA....12..205S">2002HiA....12..205S</a>. See 208.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3APlanemo&rft.atitle=Regarding+the+criteria+for+planethood+and+proposed+planetary+classification+schemes&rft.au=Levison%2C+Harold+F.&rft.aufirst=S.+Alan&rft.aulast=Stern&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=article&rft.isbn=1-58381-086-2&rft.jtitle=Highlights+of+Astronomy&rft.pages=205-213&rft.volume=12&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2002HiA....12..205S&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Martin Ratcliffe: <i>State of the Universe 2008: New Images, Discoveries, and Events.</i> Praxis Publishing Ltd., New York 2008, <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/9780387739984" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-387-73998-4</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=QE8wAv-G2PQC&pg=PA21">S. 21</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Stefan Schmitt (12 de dezembro de 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zeit.de/wissen/2014-11/planemo-worte-von-morgen">«Wortschöpfung – Planemo»</a>. Die Zeit<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 18 de dezembro de 2014</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3APlanemo&rft.au=Stefan+Schmitt&rft.btitle=Wortsch%C3%B6pfung+%93+Planemo&rft.date=2014-12-12&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Die+Zeit&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zeit.de%2Fwissen%2F2014-11%2Fplanemo-worte-von-morgen&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <i>gibt als <a href="/wiki/Genus" class="mw-redirect" title="Genus">Genus</a> „der Planemo“ an, wohl analog zu „der Planet“ (ohne dies explizit zu begründen). Andere Fundstellen verwenden „das Planemo“ (wohl analog zu „das Objekt“ (planemo = planetary mass object = Objekt planetarer Masse))</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">T. Sumi, K. Kamiya u. a.: <i>Unbound or distant planetary mass population detected by gravitational microlensing.</i> In: <i>Nature.</i> 473, 2011, S. 349, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature10092">10.1038/nature10092</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">E. Zachos (5 de fevereiro de 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2018/02/exoplanets-discovery-milky-way-galaxy-spd/">«More Than a Trillion Planets Could Exist Beyond Our Galaxy»</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic" class="mw-disambig" title="National Geographic">National Geographic</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 13 de abril de 2018</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3APlanemo&rft.au=E.+Zachos&rft.btitle=More+Than+a+Trillion+Planets+Could+Exist+Beyond+Our+Galaxy&rft.date=2018-02-05&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=National+Geographic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.nationalgeographic.com%2F2018%2F02%2Fexoplanets-discovery-milky-way-galaxy-spd%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtida de "<a dir="ltr" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Planemo&oldid=65070112">https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Planemo&oldid=65070112</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Objetos_astron%C3%B3micos" title="Categoria:Objetos astronómicos">Objetos astronómicos</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categoria oculta: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:!P%C3%A1ginas_que_usam_hiperliga%C3%A7%C3%B5es_m%C3%A1gicas_ISBN" title="Categoria:!Páginas que usam hiperligações mágicas ISBN">!Páginas que usam hiperligações mágicas ISBN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Esta página foi editada pela última vez às 23h08min de 9 de janeiro de 2023.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Este texto é disponibilizado nos termos da licença <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pt">Atribuição-CompartilhaIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-SA 4.0) da Creative Commons</a>; pode estar sujeito a condições adicionais. 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