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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Discovery_and_early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discovery_and_early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Discovery and early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discovery_and_early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Annexation_by_the_British_Empire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Annexation_by_the_British_Empire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Annexation by the British Empire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Annexation_by_the_British_Empire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_I" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_I"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>World War I</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_I-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transfer_to_Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transfer_to_Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Transfer to Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transfer_to_Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indigenous_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indigenous_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>Indigenous status</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indigenous_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Government</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Federal_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Federal_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Federal politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Federal_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Defence_and_law_enforcement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Defence_and_law_enforcement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Defence and law enforcement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Defence_and_law_enforcement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Courts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Courts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Courts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Courts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Health care</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plastic_pollution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plastic_pollution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Plastic pollution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plastic_pollution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Strategic_importance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Strategic_importance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Strategic importance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Strategic_importance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Communications_and_transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Communications_and_transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Communications and transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Communications_and_transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Communications and transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Communications_and_transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Communications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Communications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Communications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Communications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Internet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Internet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Internet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Internet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Media-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Media subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Newspapers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Newspapers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Newspapers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Newspapers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Radio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3</span> <span>Television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heritage_listings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heritage_listings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Heritage listings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heritage_listings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Museum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Museum</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marine_park" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marine_park"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Marine park</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marine_park-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Image_gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Image_gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>Image gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Image_gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">20</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">21</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">21.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">21.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">22</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 120 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-120" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">120 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokoseilande" title="Kokoseilande – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kokoseilande" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%AE%E1%8A%AE%E1%88%B5_(%E1%8A%AA%E1%88%8A%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%8D)_%E1%8B%B0%E1%88%B4%E1%89%B6%E1%89%BD" title="ኮኮስ (ኪሊንግ) ደሴቶች – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኮኮስ (ኪሊንግ) ደሴቶች" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C_(%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97)_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B9" title="कोकोज (कीलिंग) द्वीप समूह – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="कोकोज (कीलिंग) द्वीप समूह" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%B1_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B3" title="جزر كوكوس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جزر كوكوس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islas_Cocos" title="Islas Cocos – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Islas Cocos" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islles_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Islles Cocos (Keeling) – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Islles Cocos (Keeling)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokos_adalar%C4%B1" title="Kokos adaları – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kokos adaları" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%A2%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="کوکوس آدالاری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کوکوس آدالاری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B8_(%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82)_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C" title="কোকোস (কিলিং) দ্বীপপুঞ্জ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কোকোস (কিলিং) দ্বীপপুঞ্জ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_K%C3%BBn-t%C3%B3" title="Cocos (Keeling) Kûn-tó – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Cocos (Keeling) Kûn-tó" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81_%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D2%99%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Кокос утрауҙары – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Кокос утрауҙары" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Какосавыя астравы – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Какосавыя астравы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Какосавыя астравы – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Какосавыя астравы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaiislahang_Cocos" title="Kaiislahang Cocos – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kaiislahang Cocos" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Кокосови острови – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кокосови острови" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokosova_ostrva" title="Kokosova ostrva – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kokosova ostrva" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inizi_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Inizi Cocos (Keeling) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Inizi Cocos (Keeling)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illes_Cocos" title="Illes Cocos – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Illes Cocos" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocos_Islands" title="Cocos Islands – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Cocos Islands" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokosov%C3%A9_ostrovy" title="Kokosové ostrovy – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kokosové ostrovy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ynysoedd_Cocos" title="Ynysoedd Cocos – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ynysoedd Cocos" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocos%C3%B8erne" title="Cocosøerne – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Cocosøerne" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokosinseln" title="Kokosinseln – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kokosinseln" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kookossaared" title="Kookossaared – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kookossaared" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%AC_%CE%9A%CF%8C%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Νησιά Κόκος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νησιά Κόκος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islas_Cocos" title="Islas Cocos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Islas Cocos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokosinsuloj" title="Kokosinsuloj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kokosinsuloj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocosak" title="Cocosak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Cocosak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3" title="جزایر کوکوس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جزایر کوکوس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Eles_Cocos" title="Îles Cocos – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Îles Cocos" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokoseilannen" title="Kokoseilannen – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kokoseilannen" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellanyn_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Ellanyn Cocos (Keeling) – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Ellanyn Cocos (Keeling)" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocos_adalar%C4%B1" title="Cocos adaları – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Cocos adaları" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illas_Cocos" title="Illas Cocos – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Illas Cocos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B8_(%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%97)_%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B5%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AA" title="કોકોસ (કીલીંગ) દ્વીપ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="કોકોસ (કીલીંગ) દ્વીપ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Khi%C3%B9n-t%C3%B3" title="Cocos (Keeling) Khiùn-tó – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Cocos (Keeling) Khiùn-tó" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%94%EC%BD%94%EC%8A%A4_(%ED%82%AC%EB%A7%81)_%EC%A0%9C%EB%8F%84" title="코코스 (킬링) 제도 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="코코스 (킬링) 제도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%B2%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Կոկոսյան կղզիներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կոկոսյան կղզիներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B8_(%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97)_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B9" title="कोकोस (कीलिंग) द्वीपसमूह – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कोकोस (कीलिंग) द्वीपसमूह" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokosovi_otoci" title="Kokosovi otoci – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kokosovi otoci" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokoso-insuli" title="Kokoso-insuli – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kokoso-insuli" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Is-isla_ti_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Is-isla ti Cocos (Keeling) – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Is-isla ti Cocos (Keeling)" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B8_(%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82)_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE" title="কোকোস (কিলিং) দ্বীপমালা – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="কোকোস (কিলিং) দ্বীপমালা" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepulauan_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B4%C3%A6%D1%85%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Кокосы сакъадæхтæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Кокосы сакъадæхтæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B3koseyjar" title="Kókoseyjar – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kókoseyjar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isole_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Isole Cocos (Keeling) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Isole Cocos (Keeling)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A1" title="איי קוקוס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איי קוקוס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapuloan_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Kapuloan Cocos (Keeling) – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kapuloan Cocos (Keeling)" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AB%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ქოქოსის კუნძულები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქოქოსის კუნძულები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81_(%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3)_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Кокос (Килинг) аралдары – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кокос (Килинг) аралдары" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ynysow_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Ynysow Cocos (Keeling) – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Ynysow Cocos (Keeling)" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibirwa_bya_Koko" title="Ibirwa bya Koko – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ibirwa bya Koko" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visiwa_vya_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Visiwa vya Cocos (Keeling) – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Visiwa vya Cocos (Keeling)" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Кокос аралдары – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кокос аралдары" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorium_Insularum_Cocos_seu_Keeling" title="Territorium Insularum Cocos seu Keeling – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Territorium Insularum Cocos seu Keeling" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokosu_(K%C4%ABlinga)_Salas" title="Kokosu (Kīlinga) Salas – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kokosu (Kīlinga) Salas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokosinselen" title="Kokosinselen – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kokosinselen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokos%C5%B3_(Kilingo)_Salos" title="Kokosų (Kilingo) Salos – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kokosų (Kilingo) Salos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoe_Cocos" title="Isoe Cocos – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Isoe Cocos" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokoseilenj" title="Kokoseilenj – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kokoseilenj" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B3kusz_(Keeling)-szigetek" title="Kókusz (Keeling)-szigetek – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kókusz (Keeling)-szigetek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Кокосови Острови – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Кокосови Острови" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_(%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D)_%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE" title="കോകോസ് (കീലിംഗ്) ദ്വീപുകൾ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കോകോസ് (കീലിംഗ്) ദ്വീപുകൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C4%81_Motu_Koko" title="Ngā Motu Koko – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Ngā Motu Koko" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B9" title="कोकोस द्वीपसमूह – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कोकोस द्वीपसमूह" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ქოქოსიშ კოკეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ქოქოსიშ კოკეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%B1_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B3" title="جزر كوكوس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جزر كوكوس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86" title="کوکوس جزیره‌ئون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کوکوس جزیره‌ئون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepulauan_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling) – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapulauan_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Kapulauan Cocos (Keeling) – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kapulauan Cocos (Keeling)" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_G%C3%B9ng-d%C5%8D%CC%A4" title="Cocos (Keeling) Gùng-dō̤ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Cocos (Keeling) Gùng-dō̤" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81_(%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3)_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Кокос (Кийлинг) Арлууд – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Кокос (Кийлинг) Арлууд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocoseilanden" title="Cocoseilanden – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cocoseilanden" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B8_(%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97)_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81" title="कोकोस (किलिङ्ग) टापु – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कोकोस (किलिङ्ग) टापु" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%82%B3%E3%82%B9%E8%AB%B8%E5%B3%B6" title="ココス諸島 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ココス諸島" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokos_Eilunen" title="Kokos Eilunen – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kokos Eilunen" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koekos_/_Kiiling_Ailen" title="Koekos / Kiiling Ailen – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Koekos / Kiiling Ailen" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokos%C3%B8yene" title="Kokosøyene – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kokosøyene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokos%C3%B8yane" title="Kokosøyane – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kokosøyane" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D_(%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%80%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%99%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%97%E0%AD%8D)_%E0%AC%A6%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%B1%E0%AD%80%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%9E%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9C" title="କୋକୋସ୍ (କୀଲିଙ୍ଗ୍) ଦ୍ୱୀପପୁଞ୍ଜ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="କୋକୋସ୍ (କୀଲିଙ୍ଗ୍) ଦ୍ୱୀପପୁଞ୍ଜ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kakos_(Kiling)_orollari" title="Kakos (Kiling) orollari – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kakos (Kiling) orollari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B8_(%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97)_%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%82" title="ਕੋਕੋਸ (ਕੀਲਿੰਗ) ਟਾਪੂ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੋਕੋਸ (ਕੀਲਿੰਗ) ਟਾਪੂ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3" title="جزائر کوکوس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جزائر کوکوس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyspy_Kokosowe" title="Wyspy Kokosowe – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wyspy Kokosowe" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilhas_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Ilhas Cocos (Keeling) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ilhas Cocos (Keeling)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokosl%C4%B1_atawlar%C4%B1" title="Kokoslı atawları – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Kokoslı atawları" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulele_Cocos" title="Insulele Cocos – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Insulele Cocos" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Кокосовые острова – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кокосовые острова" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Csuli_Cocos" title="Ìsuli Cocos – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ìsuli Cocos" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokosov%C3%A9_ostrovy" title="Kokosové ostrovy – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kokosové ostrovy" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokosovi_(Keelingovi)_otoki" title="Kokosovi (Keelingovi) otoki – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kokosovi (Keelingovi) otoki" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%EA%99%91_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Кокосовꙑ острова – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Кокосовꙑ острова" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%86%DA%A9%DB%86%D8%B3" title="دوورگەکانی کۆکۆس – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دوورگەکانی کۆکۆس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Кокосова Острва – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кокосова Острва" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokosovi_otoci" title="Kokosovi otoci – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kokosovi otoci" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapuloan_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Kapuloan Cocos (Keeling) – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kapuloan Cocos (Keeling)" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kookossaaret" title="Kookossaaret – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kookossaaret" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokos%C3%B6arna" title="Kokosöarna – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kokosöarna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapuluang_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Kapuluang Cocos (Keeling) – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kapuluang Cocos (Keeling)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81_(%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D)_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="கொக்கோசு (கீலிங்) தீவுகள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கொக்கோசு (கீலிங்) தீவுகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%B0%E1%82%87%E1%81%B5%E1%80%AF%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA_%E1%81%B6%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B5%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89_(%E1%81%B6%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8)" title="မူႇၵုၼ် ၶူဝ်းၵတ်ႉ (ၶီးလိင်း) – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မူႇၵုၼ် ၶူဝ်းၵတ်ႉ (ၶီးလိင်း)" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AA_(%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87)" title="หมู่เกาะโคโคส (คีลิง) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หมู่เกาะโคโคส (คีลิง)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B6%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Ҷазираҳои Килинг – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷазираҳои Килинг" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocos_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Cocos Adaları – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cocos Adaları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Кокосові острови – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кокосові острови" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3" title="جزائر کوکوس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جزائر کوکوس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%DB%95%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%84%D9%89%DA%AD_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%89%D9%85_%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%89%D8%B1%D9%89" title="كەئەلىڭ كوكوس تاقىم ئاراللىرى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="كەئەلىڭ كوكوس تاقىم ئاراللىرى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%E1%BA%A7n_%C4%91%E1%BA%A3o_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Quần đảo Cocos (Keeling) – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quần đảo Cocos (Keeling)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%EF%BC%88%E5%9F%BA%E6%9E%97%EF%BC%89%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="科科斯（基林）群島 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="科科斯（基林）群島" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapuropud-an_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Kapuropud-an Cocos (Keeling) – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kapuropud-an Cocos (Keeling)" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%EF%BC%88%E5%9F%BA%E6%9E%97%EF%BC%89%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="科科斯（基林）群岛 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="科科斯（基林）群岛" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80w%E1%BB%8Dn_Er%C3%A9k%C3%B9%E1%B9%A3%C3%B9_K%C3%B3k%C3%B3s%C3%AC" title="Àwọn Erékùṣù Kókósì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àwọn Erékùṣù Kókósì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E5%8F%AF%E6%96%AF%EF%BC%88%E5%9F%BA%E6%9E%97%EF%BC%89%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="可可斯（基林）群島 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="可可斯（基林）群島" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%EF%BC%88%E5%9F%BA%E6%9E%97%EF%BC%89%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="科科斯（基林）群島 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="科科斯（基林）群島" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulo_Kokos" title="Pulo Kokos – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Pulo Kokos" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36004#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Cocos_Islands_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Cocos Islands (disambiguation)">Cocos Islands (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Place in Australia</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) 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.infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedbottomrow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .infobox-above{font-size:1.25em;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-official-below{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-other{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-caption{padding-top:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-nick,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-motto{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-elevation{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}</style><table class="infobox ib-pol-div vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Indian_Ocean_Territories" title="Australian Indian Ocean Territories">Australian Indian Ocean Territory</a><br /><a href="/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Australia" title="States and territories of Australia">External territory of Australia</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-pol-div-official-below"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands<br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><span title="Cocos Islands Malay-language text"><i lang="coa">Pulu Kokos (Keeling)</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Cocos_Islands_Malay_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Cocos Islands Malay language">Cocos Islands Malay</a>)</span></span><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold"><span title="Malay (macrolanguage)-language text"><i lang="ms">Wilayah Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling)</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malay</a>)</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Cocos (Keeling) Islands"><img alt="Flag of Cocos (Keeling) Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands.svg/130px-Flag_of_the_Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands.svg/195px-Flag_of_the_Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands.svg/260px-Flag_of_the_Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Flag of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Flag</a></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Motto</b>: <div class="ib-pol-div-motto nickname"><span title="Cocos Islands Malay-language text"><span lang="coa" style="font-style: normal;">"Maju Pulu Kita"</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Cocos_Islands_Malay_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Cocos Islands Malay language">Cocos Islands Malay</a>)</span><br />(English: <span lang="en">"Onward our island"</span>)</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Anthem</b>: "<i><a href="/wiki/Advance_Australia_Fair" title="Advance Australia Fair">Advance Australia Fair</a></i>"<br /><div style="padding-top:0.5em;" class="center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="64" data-mwtitle="Advance_Australia_Fair.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Advance_Australia_Fair.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c0/Advance_Australia_Fair.ogg/Advance_Australia_Fair.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AAdvance_Australia_Fair.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AAdvance_Australia_Fair.ogg&lang=es&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español ‪(es)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AAdvance_Australia_Fair.ogg&lang=fr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="fr" label="français ‪(fr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Australia_on_the_globe_(Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands_special)_(Southeast_Asia_centered).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (circled in red)"><img alt="Location of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Australia_on_the_globe_%28Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands_special%29_%28Southeast_Asia_centered%29.svg/250px-Australia_on_the_globe_%28Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands_special%29_%28Southeast_Asia_centered%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Australia_on_the_globe_%28Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands_special%29_%28Southeast_Asia_centered%29.svg/375px-Australia_on_the_globe_%28Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands_special%29_%28Southeast_Asia_centered%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Australia_on_the_globe_%28Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands_special%29_%28Southeast_Asia_centered%29.svg/500px-Australia_on_the_globe_%28Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands_special%29_%28Southeast_Asia_centered%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="897" data-file-height="897" /></a></span><div class="ib-pol-div-caption">Location of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (circled in red)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annexed by the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1857</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Transferred from <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Singapore" title="Colony of Singapore">Singapore</a><br />to Australia</th><td class="infobox-data">23 November 1955</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/West_Island,_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="West Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands">West Island</a><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&params=12_11_13_S_96_49_42_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">12°11′13″S</span> <span class="longitude">96°49′42″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">12.18694°S 96.82833°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-12.18694; 96.82833</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Largest village</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bantam,_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Bantam, Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Bantam</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Home_Island" title="Home Island">Home Island</a>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data">None</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spoken languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cocos_Malay" title="Cocos Malay">Malay</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Government</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Direct_rule" title="Direct rule">Directly</a> administered <a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">dependency</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Australia" title="Monarchy of Australia">Monarch</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Australia" title="Governor-General of Australia">Governor-General</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Mostyn" title="Sam Mostyn">Sam Mostyn</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/List_of_administrative_heads_of_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="List of administrative heads of Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Administrator</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Farzian_Zainal" title="Farzian Zainal">Farzian Zainal</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Shire_of_Cocos" class="mw-redirect" title="Shire of Cocos">Shire President</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Aindil Minkom</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Australia" title="Parliament of Australia">Parliament of Australia</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• <a href="/wiki/Australian_Senate" title="Australian Senate">Senate</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">represented by <a href="/wiki/List_of_senators_from_the_Northern_Territory_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of senators from the Northern Territory (Australia)">Northern Territory senators</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Representatives (Australia)">House of Representatives</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">included in the <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Lingiari" title="Division of Lingiari">Division of Lingiari</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Area</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">14 km<sup>2</sup> (5.4 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• Water (%)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">0</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation<div class="ib-pol-div-elevation"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">5 m (16 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Population</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• 2021 census</div></th><td class="infobox-data">593<sup id="cite_ref-census_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population" title="List of countries and dependencies by population">not ranked</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(nominal)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2010 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">US$11,012,550<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">not ranked</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data">$18,570.91 (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">not ranked</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Australian_dollar" title="Australian dollar">Australian dollar</a> (AU$) (<a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">AUD</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B06:30" title="UTC+06:30">UTC+06:30</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Left-_and_right-hand_traffic" title="Left- and right-hand traffic">Driving side</a></th><td class="infobox-data">left<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Telephone numbers in Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Calling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Australia" title="Telephone numbers in Australia">+61 891</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postcodes_in_Australia#External_territories" title="Postcodes in Australia">Postcode</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="postal-code">WA 6799</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:CC" title="ISO 3166-2:CC">CC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain" title="Country code top-level domain">Internet TLD</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/.cc" title=".cc">.cc</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Cocos (Keeling) Islands</b> (<a href="/wiki/Cocos_Islands_Malay_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Cocos Islands Malay language">Cocos Islands Malay</a>: <i lang="coa">Pulu Kokos [Keeling]</i>), officially the <b>Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span>;<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cocos Islands Malay: <i lang="coa">Pulu Kokos [Keeling]</i>), are an <a href="/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Australia" title="States and territories of Australia">Australian external territory</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a>, comprising a small archipelago approximately midway between <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> and relatively close to the Indonesian island of <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>. The territory's <a href="/wiki/Dual_naming" title="Dual naming">dual name</a> (official since the islands' incorporation into Australia in 1955) reflects that the islands have historically been known as either the <b>Cocos Islands</b> or the <b>Keeling Islands</b>. </p><p>The territory consists of two <a href="/wiki/Atoll" title="Atoll">atolls</a> made up of 27 <a href="/wiki/Coral_island" title="Coral island">coral islands</a>, of which only two – <a href="/wiki/West_Island,_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="West Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands">West Island</a> and <a href="/wiki/Home_Island" title="Home Island">Home Island</a> – are inhabited. The population of around 600 people consists mainly of <a href="/wiki/Cocos_Malays" title="Cocos Malays">Cocos Malays</a>, who mostly practise <a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Islam</a> and speak <a href="/wiki/Cocos_Malay" title="Cocos Malay">a dialect of Malay</a> as their first language.<sup id="cite_ref-cia_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The territory is administered by the Australian federal government's <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Infrastructure,_Transport,_Regional_Development,_Communications_and_the_Arts" title="Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development, Communications and the Arts">Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development, Communications and the Arts</a> as an Australian external territory and together with <a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a> (which is about 960 kilometres (600 mi) to the east) forms the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Indian_Ocean_Territories" title="Australian Indian Ocean Territories">Australian Indian Ocean Territories</a> administrative grouping. However, the islanders do have a degree of self-government through <a href="/wiki/Shire_of_Cocos" class="mw-redirect" title="Shire of Cocos">the local shire council</a>. Many public services – including health, education, and policing – are provided by the state of <a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western Australia</a>, and Western Australian law applies except where the federal government has determined otherwise. The territory also uses Western Australian postcodes. </p><p>The islands were discovered in 1609 by the British sea captain <a href="/wiki/William_Keeling" title="William Keeling">William Keeling</a>, but no settlement occurred until the early 19th century. One of the first settlers was John Clunies-Ross, a Scottish merchant; much of the island's current population is descended from the Malay workers he brought in to work his <a href="/wiki/Copra" title="Copra">copra</a> plantation. The <a href="/wiki/Clunies-Ross_family" title="Clunies-Ross family">Clunies-Ross family</a> ruled the islands as a private fiefdom for almost 150 years, with the head of the family usually recognised as <a href="/wiki/Resident_magistrate" title="Resident magistrate">resident magistrate</a>. The British annexed the islands in 1857, and for the next century they were administered from either <a href="/wiki/British_Ceylon" title="British Ceylon">Ceylon</a> or <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Singapore" title="Colony of Singapore">Singapore</a>. The territory was transferred to Australia in 1955, although until 1979 virtually all of the territory's <a href="/wiki/Real_estate" title="Real estate">real estate</a> still belonged to the Clunies-Ross family. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lagoon_Beach_(25152057091).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Lagoon_Beach_%2825152057091%29.jpg/300px-Lagoon_Beach_%2825152057091%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Lagoon_Beach_%2825152057091%29.jpg/450px-Lagoon_Beach_%2825152057091%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Lagoon_Beach_%2825152057091%29.jpg/600px-Lagoon_Beach_%2825152057091%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Home Island Beach</figcaption></figure> <p>The islands have been called the <i>Cocos Islands</i> (from 1622), the <i>Keeling Islands</i> (from 1703), the <i>Cocos–Keeling Islands</i> (since <a href="/wiki/James_Horsburgh" title="James Horsburgh">James Horsburgh</a> in 1805) and the <i>Keeling–Cocos Islands</i> (19th century).<sup id="cite_ref-arb399p1t2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arb399p1t2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Cocos</i> refers to the abundant <a href="/wiki/Coconut" title="Coconut">coconut</a> trees, while <i>Keeling</i> refers to <a href="/wiki/William_Keeling" title="William Keeling">William Keeling</a>, who discovered the islands in 1609.<sup id="cite_ref-arb399p1t2_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arb399p1t2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">United Kingdom legislation</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vevent mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size:100%"><span style="font-size:125%">Cocos Islands Act 1955</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight: bold;">Act of Parliament</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28variant_1%2C_1952-2022%29.svg/140px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28variant_1%2C_1952-2022%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28variant_1%2C_1952-2022%29.svg/210px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28variant_1%2C_1952-2022%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28variant_1%2C_1952-2022%29.svg/280px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28variant_1%2C_1952-2022%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1550" data-file-height="1550" /></span></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Short_and_long_titles" title="Short and long titles">Long title</a></th><td class="infobox-data description">An Act to enable Her Majesty to place the Cocos or Keeling Islands under the authority of the Commonwealth of Australia, and for purposes connected therewith.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Citation_of_United_Kingdom_legislation" title="Citation of United Kingdom legislation">Citation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/3_%26_4_Eliz._2" class="mw-redirect" title="3 & 4 Eliz. 2">3 & 4 Eliz. 2</a>. c. 5</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;">Dates</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">Royal assent</a></th><td class="infobox-data">29 March 1955</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;">Other legislation</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Repeal" title="Repeal">Repealed by</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Statute_Law_(Repeals)_Act_1976" title="Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1976">Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1976</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><div style="background-color: #ffcccc;">Status: Repealed</div></th></tr></tbody></table> <p>John Clunies-Ross,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who sailed there in the <i>Borneo</i> in 1825, called the group the <i>Borneo Coral Isles</i>, restricting <i>Keeling</i> to <a href="/wiki/North_Keeling" title="North Keeling">North Keeling</a>, and calling South Keeling "the Cocos properly so called".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The form <i>Cocos (Keeling) Islands</i>, attested from 1916,<sup id="cite_ref-WeberWeber1916_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WeberWeber1916-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was made official by the <b><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238216509">.mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}</style><span class="vanchor"><span id="Cocos_Islands_Act_1955"></span><span class="vanchor-text">Cocos Islands Act 1955</span></span></b> (<a href="/wiki/3_%26_4_Eliz._2" class="mw-redirect" title="3 & 4 Eliz. 2">3 & 4 Eliz. 2</a>. c. 5).<sup id="cite_ref-arb399p1t2_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arb399p1t2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="Text says it became official from 1955, not that that act did it. Text of act is not public. Seems implausible that an act which gives up power over an island would also change its name, more likely that it was the Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act 1955 that did it. (August 2024)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The territory's Malay name is <i>Pulu Kokos (Keeling)</i>. Sign boards on the island also feature Malay translations.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cocos (Keeling) Islands consist of two flat, low-lying coral atolls with an area of 14.2 square kilometres (5.5 sq mi), 26 kilometres (16 mi) of coastline, a highest elevation of 5 metres (16 ft) and thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation. The climate is pleasant, moderated by the southeast <a href="/wiki/Trade_winds" title="Trade winds">trade winds</a> for about nine months of the year and with moderate rainfall. <a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone" title="Tropical cyclone">Tropical cyclones</a> may occur in the early months of the year. </p><p><a href="/wiki/North_Keeling" title="North Keeling">North Keeling</a> Island is an atoll consisting of just one C-shaped island, a nearly closed atoll ring with a small opening into the lagoon, about 50 metres (160 ft) wide, on the east side. The island measures 1.1 square kilometres (270 acres) in land area and is uninhabited. The lagoon is about 0.5 square kilometres (120 acres). North Keeling Island and the surrounding sea to 1.5 km (0.93 mi) from shore form the <a href="/wiki/Pulu_Keeling_National_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulu Keeling National Park">Pulu Keeling National Park</a>, established on 12 December 1995. It is home to the only surviving population of the endemic, and endangered, <a href="/wiki/Cocos_Buff-banded_Rail" class="mw-redirect" title="Cocos Buff-banded Rail">Cocos Buff-banded Rail</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/South_Keeling_Islands" title="South Keeling Islands">South Keeling Islands</a> is an atoll consisting of 24 individual islets forming an incomplete atoll ring, with a total land area of 13.1 square kilometres (5.1 sq mi). Only <a href="/wiki/Home_Island" title="Home Island">Home Island</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Island,_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="West Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands">West Island</a> are populated.<sup id="cite_ref-abc010923_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abc010923-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Cocos Malays maintain weekend shacks, referred to as pondoks, on most of the larger islands. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands-CIA_WFB_Map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands-CIA_WFB_Map.png/200px-Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands-CIA_WFB_Map.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands-CIA_WFB_Map.png/300px-Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands-CIA_WFB_Map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands-CIA_WFB_Map.png 2x" data-file-width="329" data-file-height="355" /></a><figcaption>Cocos (Keeling) Islands</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cocos_Islands_1889.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Cocos_Islands_1889.jpg/200px-Cocos_Islands_1889.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Cocos_Islands_1889.jpg/300px-Cocos_Islands_1889.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Cocos_Islands_1889.jpg/400px-Cocos_Islands_1889.jpg 2x" data-file-width="948" data-file-height="1344" /></a><figcaption>1889 map of South Keeling Islands</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cocos(keeling)_76.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Cocos%28keeling%29_76.jpg/200px-Cocos%28keeling%29_76.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Cocos%28keeling%29_76.jpg/300px-Cocos%28keeling%29_76.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Cocos%28keeling%29_76.jpg/400px-Cocos%28keeling%29_76.jpg 2x" data-file-width="885" data-file-height="1023" /></a><figcaption>1976 map of South Keeling Islands</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Islets forming the South Keeling Islands atoll (clockwise from north) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"></th> <th rowspan="2">Islet<br />(Malay name)</th> <th rowspan="2">Translation of Malay name</th> <th rowspan="2">English name</th> <th colspan="2">Area<br />(approx.) </th></tr> <tr> <th align="right"><a href="/wiki/Square_kilometre" title="Square kilometre">km<sup>2</sup></a></th> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Square_mile" title="Square mile">mi<sup>2</sup></a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td>Pulau Luar</td> <td>Outer Island</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Horsburgh_Island" title="Horsburgh Island">Horsburgh Island</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.04 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.40 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td>Pulau Tikus</td> <td>Mouse Island</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Direction_Island,_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Direction Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Direction Island</a></td> <td align="right"></td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td>Pulau Pasir</td> <td>Sand Island</td> <td>Workhouse Island</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.01 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td>Pulau Beras</td> <td>Rice Island</td> <td>Prison Island</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.02 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td>Pulau Gangsa</td> <td>Copper Island</td> <td>Closed sandbar, now part of Home Island</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.01 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td>Pulau Selma</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Home_Island" title="Home Island">Home Island</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.95 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.37 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">7</td> <td>Pulau Ampang Kechil </td> <td>Little Ampang Island</td> <td>Scaevola Islet</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.01 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td>Pulau Ampang</td> <td>Ampang Island</td> <td>Canui Island</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.06 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.02 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">9</td> <td>Pulau Wa-idas</td> <td></td> <td>Ampang Minor</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.02 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td>Pulau Blekok</td> <td>Reef Heron Island</td> <td>Goldwater Island</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.03 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">11</td> <td>Pulau Kembang</td> <td>Flower Island</td> <td>Thorn Island</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.04 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.02 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">12</td> <td>Pulau Cheplok</td> <td>Cape Gooseberry Island</td> <td>Gooseberry Island </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.01 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">13</td> <td>Pulau Pandan</td> <td>Pandanus Island</td> <td>Misery Island</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.24 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.09 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">14</td> <td>Pulau Siput</td> <td>Shell Island</td> <td>Goat Island</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.10 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.04 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">15</td> <td>Pulau Jambatan</td> <td>Bridge Island</td> <td>Middle Mission Isle</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.01 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">16</td> <td>Pulau Labu</td> <td>Pumpkin Island</td> <td>South Goat Island</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.04 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.02 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">17</td> <td>Pulau Atas</td> <td>Up Wind Island</td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Island,_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="South Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands">South Island</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">3.63 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.40 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">18</td> <td>Pulau Kelapa Satu</td> <td>One Coconut Island</td> <td>North Goat Island</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.02 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">19</td> <td>Pulau Blan</td> <td></td> <td>East Cay</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.03 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">20</td> <td>Pulau Blan Madar</td> <td></td> <td>Burial Island</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.03 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">21</td> <td>Pulau Maria</td> <td>Maria Island</td> <td>West Cay</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.01 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">22</td> <td>Pulau Kambing</td> <td>Goat Island</td> <td>Keelingham Horn Island</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.01 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">23</td> <td>Pulau Panjang</td> <td>Long Island</td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Island,_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="West Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands">West Island</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.23 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2.41 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">24</td> <td>Pulau Wak Bangka</td> <td></td> <td>Turtle Island</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.22 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.08 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>There are no rivers or lakes on either atoll. Fresh water resources are limited to <a href="/wiki/Lens_(hydrology)" title="Lens (hydrology)">water lenses</a> on the larger islands, underground accumulations of rainwater lying above the seawater. These lenses are accessed through shallow bores or wells. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flora_and_fauna">Flora and fauna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Flora and fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Flora_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Flora of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Flora of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Fauna of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Fauna of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cocos (Keeling) Islands experience a <a href="/wiki/Tropical_rainforest_climate" title="Tropical rainforest climate">tropical rainforest climate</a> (<i>Af</i>) according to the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>; the archipelago lies approximately midway between the <a href="/wiki/Equator" title="Equator">equator</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Tropic_of_Capricorn" title="Tropic of Capricorn">Tropic of Capricorn</a>. The archipelago has two distinct seasons, the wet season and the dry season. The wettest month is April with precipitation totaling 262.6 millimetres (10.34 in), and the driest month is October with precipitation totaling 88.2 millimetres (3.47 in). Due to the strong maritime control, temperatures vary little although its location is some distance from the <a href="/wiki/Equator" title="Equator">Equator</a>. The hottest month is March with an average high temperature of 30.0 °C (86.0 °F), while the coolest month is September with an average low temperature of 24.2 °C (75.6 °F). </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Cocos Islands Airport (averages 1991–2020; extremes 1952–present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF3C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.7<br />(90.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.8<br />(91.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.7<br />(90.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.8<br />(91.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.6<br />(90.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.0<br />(89.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.9<br />(87.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.6<br />(87.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.2<br />(86.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.0<br />(87.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.1<br />(89.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.2<br />(90.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3B00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">32.8<br />(91.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF4E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.1<br />(86.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.2<br />(86.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.2<br />(86.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.0<br />(86.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.5<br />(85.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF5700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.8<br />(83.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.3<br />(82.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.1<br />(82.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.3<br />(82.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.8<br />(83.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.2<br />(84.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.5<br />(85.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">29.2<br />(84.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF7000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.2<br />(77.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.4<br />(77.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.7<br />(78.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4<br />(75.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.3<br />(75.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.3<br />(75.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.6<br />(76.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.9<br />(76.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.9<br />(76.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.0<br />(69.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9327; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.1<br />(68.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF952C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.8<br />(67.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF962E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.6<br />(67.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4<br />(66.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9327; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.1<br />(68.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9123; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.4<br />(68.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9021; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.6<br />(69.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9123; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.4<br />(68.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #1CFF1C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">151.7<br />(5.97) </td> <td style="background: #00AB00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">207.1<br />(8.15) </td> <td style="background: #00A000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">234.4<br />(9.23) </td> <td style="background: #007E00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">248.9<br />(9.80) </td> <td style="background: #00E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">187.7<br />(7.39) </td> <td style="background: #00DD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">187.3<br />(7.37) </td> <td style="background: #00F000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">180.9<br />(7.12) </td> <td style="background: #67FF67; color:#000000;" class="notheme">102.0<br />(4.02) </td> <td style="background: #7AFF7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.2<br />(3.39) </td> <td style="background: #80FF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.8<br />(3.34) </td> <td style="background: #79FF79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.9<br />(3.42) </td> <td style="background: #4AFF4A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">121.4<br />(4.78) </td> <td style="background: #11FF11; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,879.3<br />(73.98) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #5555FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.7 </td> <td style="background: #2F2FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.3 </td> <td style="background: #1212FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.2 </td> <td style="background: #1010FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.7 </td> <td style="background: #1717FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.8 </td> <td style="background: #0303FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.7 </td> <td style="background: #0000F7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">21.3 </td> <td style="background: #2D2DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.0 </td> <td style="background: #3B3BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.3 </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6 </td> <td style="background: #7E7EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1 </td> <td style="background: #6666FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.4 </td> <td style="background: #3535FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">192.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Meteorology" title="Bureau of Meteorology">Bureau of Meteorology</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the 2021 Australian Census, the population of the Cocos Islands is 593 people.<sup id="cite_ref-census_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The gender distribution stands at an approximate 51% male and 49% female.<sup id="cite_ref-census_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The median age of the population is 40 years, slightly older than the median Australian population age of 38 years.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2021, there are no people living on the Cocos Islands who identify as Indigenous Australians (Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander).<sup id="cite_ref-census_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:Red; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 991.36510217697px; border-left-color:Grey"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Grey"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Grey"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 55.796527497726px; border-left-color:Turquoise"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Turquoise"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Turquoise"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 44.021887101067px; border-left-color:Blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Blue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 29.735293003841px; border-left-color:Yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Yellow"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:83.059589919581px 55.687561648819px 0 0; border-top-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Green"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Religion in Cocos Islands (2021) <sup id="cite_ref-census_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Green; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> (65.6%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Yellow; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Non-religious" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-religious">Non-religious</a> (14%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Blue; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> (2%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Turquoise; color:black;"> </span> Anglican (1.5%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Grey; color:black;"> </span> Unspecified (15.3%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Red; color:black;"> </span> Other (1.6%)</div> </div> </div></div> <p>The majority religion of the Cocos Islands is Islam, with 65.6% of the total population identifying as Muslim, followed by Unspecified (15.3%), Non-religious (14.0%), Catholic (2.0%), Anglican (1.5%). The remaining 1.6% of Cocos Islanders identify as secular or hold various other beliefs (including atheism, agnosticism and unspecified spiritual beliefs).<sup id="cite_ref-census_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> <p>73.5% of the population were born in Australia - either on the mainland, on the Cocos Islands, or in another Australian territory. The remaining 26.5% come from other countries, including Malaysia (4.0%), England (1.3%), New Zealand (1.2%), Singapore (0.5%) and Argentina (0.5%), among others.<sup id="cite_ref-census_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 61.2% of the population speak Malay at home, while 19.1% speak English, and 3.5% speak another language (including Spanish and various Austronesian and African languages).<sup id="cite_ref-census_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Kaum_Ibu_(Women%27s_Group)" title="Kaum Ibu (Women's Group)">Kaum Ibu (Women's Group)</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights" title="Women's rights">women's rights</a> organisation that represents the view of women at a local and national level.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Discovery_and_early_history">Discovery and early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Discovery and early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AMH-5134-NA_Compass_chart_of_the_Kokos_islands.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/AMH-5134-NA_Compass_chart_of_the_Kokos_islands.jpg/220px-AMH-5134-NA_Compass_chart_of_the_Kokos_islands.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/AMH-5134-NA_Compass_chart_of_the_Kokos_islands.jpg/330px-AMH-5134-NA_Compass_chart_of_the_Kokos_islands.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/AMH-5134-NA_Compass_chart_of_the_Kokos_islands.jpg/440px-AMH-5134-NA_Compass_chart_of_the_Kokos_islands.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1734" /></a><figcaption>Historic compass chart of the Cocos islands<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The archipelago was discovered in 1609 by Captain <a href="/wiki/William_Keeling" title="William Keeling">William Keeling</a> of the <a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a>, on a return voyage from the East Indies. <a href="/wiki/North_Keeling" title="North Keeling">North Keeling</a> was sketched by Ekeberg, a Swedish captain, in 1749, showing the presence of <a href="/wiki/Coconut" title="Coconut">coconut palms</a>. It also appears on a 1789 chart produced by British hydrographer <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dalrymple" title="Alexander Dalrymple">Alexander Dalrymple</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PKNPMP_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PKNPMP-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1825, Scottish merchant seaman Captain <a href="/wiki/John_Clunies-Ross" class="mw-redirect" title="John Clunies-Ross">John Clunies-Ross</a> stopped briefly at the islands on a trip to India, nailing up a <a href="/wiki/Union_Jack" title="Union Jack">Union Jack</a> and planning to return and settle on the islands with his family in the future.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wealthy Englishman <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hare" title="Alexander Hare">Alexander Hare</a> had similar plans, and hired a captain –  coincidentally, Clunies-Ross's brother – to bring him and a volunteer <a href="/wiki/Harem" title="Harem">harem</a> of 40 <a href="/wiki/Malays_(ethnic_group)" title="Malays (ethnic group)">Malay</a> women to the islands, where he hoped to establish his private residence.<sup id="cite_ref-joshua_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-joshua-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hare had previously served as resident of <a href="/wiki/Banjarmasin" title="Banjarmasin">Banjarmasin</a>, a town in <a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a>, and found that "he could not confine himself to the tame life that civilisation affords".<sup id="cite_ref-joshua_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-joshua-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Clunies-Ross returned two years later with his wife, children and mother-in-law, and found Hare already established on the island and living with the private harem. A feud grew between the two.<sup id="cite_ref-joshua_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-joshua-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Clunies-Ross's eight sailors "began at once the invasion of the new kingdom to take possession of it, women and all".<sup id="cite_ref-joshua_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-joshua-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After some time, Hare's women began deserting him, and instead finding themselves partners amongst Clunies-Ross's sailors.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Disheartened, Hare left the island. He died in <a href="/wiki/Bencoolen_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bencoolen (city)">Bencoolen</a> in 1834.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Encouraged by members of the former harem, Clunies-Ross then recruited Malays to come to the island for work and wives. </p><p>Clunies-Ross's workers were paid in a currency called the Cocos rupee, a currency John Clunies-Ross minted himself that could only be redeemed at the company store.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chart_of_Cocos_Keeling_Islands.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Chart_of_Cocos_Keeling_Islands.png/220px-Chart_of_Cocos_Keeling_Islands.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Chart_of_Cocos_Keeling_Islands.png/330px-Chart_of_Cocos_Keeling_Islands.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Chart_of_Cocos_Keeling_Islands.png/440px-Chart_of_Cocos_Keeling_Islands.png 2x" data-file-width="872" data-file-height="1179" /></a><figcaption>1840 chart of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands</figcaption></figure> <p>On 1 April 1836, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Beagle" title="HMS Beagle">HMS <i>Beagle</i></a> under Captain <a href="/wiki/Robert_FitzRoy" title="Robert FitzRoy">Robert FitzRoy</a> arrived to take soundings to establish the profile of the atoll as part of the <a href="/wiki/Second_voyage_of_HMS_Beagle" title="Second voyage of HMS Beagle">survey expedition of the <i>Beagle</i></a>. To the naturalist <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a>, aboard the ship, the results supported a theory he had developed of how atolls formed, which he later published as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Structure_and_Distribution_of_Coral_Reefs" title="The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs">The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs</a></i>. He studied the natural history of the islands and collected specimens.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Darwin's assistant <a href="/wiki/Syms_Covington" title="Syms Covington">Syms Covington</a> noted that "an Englishman [he was in fact Scottish] and HIS family, with about sixty or seventy <a href="/wiki/Mulatto" title="Mulatto">mulattos</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Cape_of_Good_Hope" title="Cape of Good Hope">Cape of Good Hope</a>, live on one of the islands. Captain Ross, the governor, is now absent at the Cape." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Annexation_by_the_British_Empire">Annexation by the British Empire</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Annexation by the British Empire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The islands were annexed by the British Empire in 1857.<sup id="cite_ref-Kenneth_Roberts-Wray_1966._p._882_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kenneth_Roberts-Wray_1966._p._882-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This annexation was carried out by Captain <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Grenville_Fremantle" title="Stephen Grenville Fremantle">Stephen Grenville Fremantle</a> in command of <a href="/wiki/HMS_Juno_(1844)" title="HMS Juno (1844)">HMS <i>Juno</i></a>. Fremantle claimed the islands for the British Empire and appointed <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="King of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Ross II</a> as Superintendent.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1878, by <a href="/wiki/Letters_Patent" class="mw-redirect" title="Letters Patent">Letters Patent</a>, the Governor of <a href="/wiki/Ceylon" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceylon">Ceylon</a> was made Governor of the islands, and, by further Letters Patent in 1886,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> responsibility for the islands was transferred to the Governor of the <a href="/wiki/Straits_Settlement" class="mw-redirect" title="Straits Settlement">Straits Settlement</a> to exercise his functions as "Governor of Cocos Islands".<sup id="cite_ref-Kenneth_Roberts-Wray_1966._p._882_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kenneth_Roberts-Wray_1966._p._882-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The islands were made part of the Straits Settlement under an Order in Council of 20 May 1903.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meanwhile, in 1886 <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> had, by indenture, granted the islands in perpetuity to John Clunies-Ross.<sup id="cite_ref-Kenneth_Roberts-Wray_1966._p._883_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kenneth_Roberts-Wray_1966._p._883-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The head of the family enjoyed semi-official status as <a href="/wiki/Resident_Magistrate" class="mw-redirect" title="Resident Magistrate">Resident Magistrate</a> and Government representative.<sup id="cite_ref-Kenneth_Roberts-Wray_1966._p._883_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kenneth_Roberts-Wray_1966._p._883-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1901 a <a href="/wiki/Telegraph" class="mw-redirect" title="Telegraph">telegraph</a> cable station was established on Direction Island. Undersea cables went to <a href="/wiki/Rodrigues" title="Rodrigues">Rodrigues</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Batavia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fremantle" title="Fremantle">Fremantle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western Australia</a>. In 1910 a wireless station was established to communicate with passing ships. The cable station ceased operation in 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_I">World War I</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: World War I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WW1_Landing_at_Direction_Island.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/WW1_Landing_at_Direction_Island.jpg/220px-WW1_Landing_at_Direction_Island.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/WW1_Landing_at_Direction_Island.jpg/330px-WW1_Landing_at_Direction_Island.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/WW1_Landing_at_Direction_Island.jpg/440px-WW1_Landing_at_Direction_Island.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="338" /></a><figcaption>A landing party from the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_German_Navy" title="Imperial German Navy">German Navy</a> cruiser <i><a href="/wiki/SMS_Emden_(1908)" class="mw-redirect" title="SMS Emden (1908)">Emden</a></i> leaves the Cocos (Keeling) Islands via this jetty on <a href="/wiki/Direction_Island,_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Direction Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Direction Island</a> on 9 November 1914.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cocos" title="Battle of Cocos">Battle of Cocos</a></div> <p>On the morning of 9 November 1914, the islands became the site of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cocos" title="Battle of Cocos">Battle of Cocos</a>, one of the first naval battles of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. A landing party from the German cruiser <a href="/wiki/SMS_Emden" title="SMS Emden">SMS <i>Emden</i></a> captured and disabled the wireless and cable communications station on <a href="/wiki/Direction_Island,_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Direction Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Direction Island</a>, but not before the station was able to transmit a distress call. An Allied troop convoy was passing nearby, and the Australian cruiser <a href="/wiki/HMAS_Sydney_(1912)" title="HMAS Sydney (1912)">HMAS <i>Sydney</i></a> was detached from the convoy escort to investigate. </p><p><i>Sydney</i> spotted the island and <i>Emden</i> at 09:15, with both ships preparing for combat. At 11:20, the heavily damaged <i>Emden</i> beached herself on <a href="/wiki/North_Keeling_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="North Keeling Island">North Keeling Island</a>. The Australian warship broke to pursue <i>Emden</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s supporting <a href="/wiki/Collier_(ship)" title="Collier (ship)">collier</a>, which scuttled herself, then returned to North Keeling Island at 16:00. At this point, <i>Emden</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s <a href="/wiki/Battle_ensign" title="Battle ensign">battle ensign</a> was still flying: usually a sign that a ship intends to continue fighting. After no response to instructions to lower the ensign, two salvoes were shot into the beached cruiser, after which the Germans lowered the flag and raised a <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_surrender" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag of surrender">white sheet</a>. <i>Sydney</i> had orders to ascertain the status of the transmission station, but returned the next day to provide medical assistance to the Germans. </p><p>Casualties totaled 134 personnel aboard <i>Emden</i> killed, and 69 wounded, compared to four killed and 16 wounded aboard <i>Sydney</i>. The German survivors were taken aboard the Australian cruiser, which caught up to the troop convoy in <a href="/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a> on 15 November, then transported to <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> and handed over the prisoners to the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a>. An additional 50 German personnel from the shore party, unable to be recovered before <i>Sydney</i> arrived, commandeered a schooner and escaped from Direction Island, eventually arriving in <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>. <i>Emden</i> was the last active <a href="/wiki/Central_Powers" title="Central Powers">Central Powers</a> warship in the Indian or Pacific Ocean, which meant troopships from Australia and New Zealand could sail without naval escort, and Allied ships could be deployed elsewhere. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the cable station was once again a vital link. The Cocos were valuable for direction finding by the <a href="/wiki/Y_service" title="Y service">Y service</a>, the worldwide intelligence system used during the war.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Allied planners noted that the islands might be seized as an airfield for <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">German</a> planes and as a base for commerce raiders operating in the Indian Ocean. Following <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japan</a>'s entry into the war, Japanese forces occupied neighbouring islands. To avoid drawing their attention to the Cocos cable station and its islands' garrison, the <a href="/wiki/Seaplane" title="Seaplane">seaplane</a> anchorage between Direction and <a href="/wiki/Horsburgh_Island" title="Horsburgh Island">Horsburgh</a> islands was not used. Radio transmitters were also kept silent, except in emergencies.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Singapore" title="Fall of Singapore">Fall of Singapore</a> in 1942, the islands were administered from Ceylon and West and Direction Islands were placed under <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allied</a> military administration. The islands' garrison initially consisted of a platoon from the British Army's <a href="/wiki/King%27s_African_Rifles" title="King's African Rifles">King's African Rifles</a>, located on Horsburgh Island, with two 6-inch (152.4 mm) guns to cover the anchorage. The local inhabitants all lived on Home Island. Despite the importance of the islands as a communication centre, the Japanese made no attempt either to raid or to occupy them and contented themselves with sending over a reconnaissance aircraft about once a month. </p><p>On the night of 8–9 May 1942, 15 members of the garrison, from the <a href="/wiki/Ceylon_Defence_Force" title="Ceylon Defence Force">Ceylon Defence Force</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mutiny" title="Mutiny">mutinied</a> under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Gratien_Fernando" title="Gratien Fernando">Gratien Fernando</a>. The mutineers were said to have been provoked by the attitude of their British officers and were also supposedly inspired by Japanese anti-British propaganda. They attempted to take control of the <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">gun battery</a> on the islands. The <a href="/wiki/Cocos_Islands_Mutiny" class="mw-redirect" title="Cocos Islands Mutiny">Cocos Islands Mutiny</a> was crushed, but the mutineers murdered one non-mutinous soldier and wounded one officer. Seven of the mutineers were sentenced to death at a trial that was later alleged to have been improperly conducted, though the guilt of the accused was admitted. Four of the sentences were commuted, but three men were executed, including Fernando. These were to be the only <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">British Commonwealth</a> soldiers executed for mutiny during the Second World War.<sup id="cite_ref-CIM_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIM-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 25 December 1942, the Japanese submarine <i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_submarine_I-166" title="Japanese submarine I-166">I-166</a></i> bombarded the islands but caused no damage.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later in the war, two airstrips were built, and three bomber squadrons were moved to the islands to conduct raids against Japanese targets in South East Asia and to provide support during the <a href="/wiki/Operation_Tiderace" title="Operation Tiderace">planned</a> reinvasion of <a href="/wiki/British_Malaya" title="British Malaya">Malaya</a> and reconquest of Singapore. The first aircraft to arrive were <a href="/wiki/Supermarine_Spitfire" title="Supermarine Spitfire">Supermarine Spitfire</a> Mk VIIIs of <a href="/wiki/No._136_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 136 Squadron RAF">No. 136 Squadron RAF</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They included some <a href="/wiki/B-24" class="mw-redirect" title="B-24">Liberator</a> bombers from <a href="/wiki/No._321_Squadron_RAF" class="mw-redirect" title="No. 321 Squadron RAF">No. 321 (Netherlands) Squadron RAF</a> (members of exiled Dutch forces serving with the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a>), which were also stationed on the islands. When in July 1945 <a href="/wiki/No._99_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 99 Squadron RAF">No. 99</a> and <a href="/wiki/No._356_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 356 Squadron RAF">No. 356</a> RAF squadrons arrived on West Island, they brought with them a daily newspaper called <i>Atoll</i> which contained news of what was happening in the outside world. Run by airmen in their off-duty hours, it achieved fame when dropped by Liberator bombers on POW camps over the heads of the Japanese guards. </p><p>In 1946, the administration of the islands reverted to <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Singapore" title="Colony of Singapore">Singapore</a> and it became part of the Colony of Singapore.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transfer_to_Australia">Transfer to Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Transfer to Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 23 November 1955, the islands were transferred from the United Kingdom to the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Commonwealth of Australia">Commonwealth of Australia</a>. Immediately before the transfer the islands were part of the United Kingdom's Colony of Singapore, in accordance with the Straits Settlements (Repeal) Act, 1946 of the United Kingdom<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the British Settlements Acts, 1887 and 1945, as applied by the Act of 1946.<sup id="cite_ref-Kenneth_Roberts-Wray_1966._p._882_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kenneth_Roberts-Wray_1966._p._882-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The legal steps for effecting the transfer were as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>The Commonwealth Parliament and the Government requested and consented to the enactment of a United Kingdom Act for the purpose.</li> <li>The Cocos Islands Act, 1955, authorised Her Majesty, by Order in Council, to direct that the islands should cease to form part of the <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Singapore" title="Colony of Singapore">Colony of Singapore</a> and be placed under the authority of the Commonwealth.</li> <li>By the Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act, 1955, the Parliament of the Commonwealth provided for the acceptance of the islands as a territory under the authority of the Commonwealth and for its government.</li> <li>The Cocos Islands Order in Council, 1955, made under the United Kingdom Act of 1955, provided that upon the appointed day (23 November 1955) the islands should cease to form part of the Colony of Singapore and be placed under the authority of the Commonwealth of Australia.</li></ul> <p>The reason for this comparatively complex machinery was due to the terms of the Straits Settlement (Repeal) Act, 1946. According to Sir <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Roberts-Wray" title="Kenneth Roberts-Wray">Kenneth Roberts-Wray</a> "any other procedure would have been of doubtful validity".<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The separation involved three steps: separation from the Colony of Singapore; transfer by United Kingdom and acceptance by Australia. </p><p>H. J. Hull was appointed the first official representative (now administrator) of the new territory. He had been a lieutenant-commander in the Royal Australian Navy and was released for the purpose. Under Commonwealth Cabinet Decision 1573 of 9 September 1958, Hull's appointment was terminated and <a href="/wiki/John_William_Stokes" title="John William Stokes">John William Stokes</a> was appointed on secondment from the Northern Territory police. A media release at the end of October 1958 by the Minister for Territories, Hasluck, commended Hull's three years of service on Cocos. </p><p>Stokes served in the position from 31 October 1958 to 30 September 1960. His son's boyhood memories and photos of the Islands have been published.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> C. I. Buffett <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">MBE</a> from <a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island" title="Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a> succeeded him and served from 28 July 1960 to 30 June 1966, and later acted as Administrator back on Cocos and on Norfolk Island. In 1974, Ken Mullen wrote a small book<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> about his time with wife and son from 1964 to 1966 working at the Cable Station on Direction Island. </p><p>In the 1970s, the Australian government's dissatisfaction with the Clunies-Ross feudal style of rule of the island increased. In 1978, Australia forced the family to sell the islands for the sum of <a href="/wiki/Australian_dollar" title="Australian dollar">A$</a>6,250,000, using the threat of compulsory acquisition. By agreement, the family retained ownership of Oceania House, their home on the island. In 1983, the Australian government reneged on this agreement and told <a href="/wiki/Clunies-Ross_Family#John_Cecil_Clunies-Ross" class="mw-redirect" title="Clunies-Ross Family">John Clunies-Ross</a> that he should leave the Cocos. The following year the <a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Australia" title="High Court of Australia">High Court of Australia</a> ruled that resumption of Oceania House was unlawful, but the Australian government ordered that no government business was to be granted to Clunies-Ross's shipping company, an action that contributed to his bankruptcy.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> John Clunies-Ross later moved to <a href="/wiki/Perth,_Western_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Perth, Western Australia">Perth, Western Australia</a>. However, some members of the Clunies-Ross family still live on the Cocos. </p><p>Extensive preparations were undertaken by the government of Australia to prepare the Cocos Malays to vote in their referendum of self-determination. Discussions began in 1982, with an aim of holding the referendum, under United Nations supervision, in mid-1983. Under guidelines developed by the UN Decolonization Committee, residents were to be offered three choices: full independence, free association, or integration with Australia. The last option was preferred by both the islanders and the Australian government. A change in government in Canberra following the March 1983 Australian elections delayed the vote by one year. While the Home Island Council stated a preference for a traditional communal consensus "vote", the UN insisted on a secret ballot. <a href="/wiki/1984_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands_status_referendum" title="1984 Cocos (Keeling) Islands status referendum">The referendum</a> was held on 6 April 1984, with all 261 eligible islanders participating, including the Clunies-Ross family: 229 voted for integration, 21 for Free Association, nine for independence, and two failed to indicate a preference.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the first decade of the 21st century, a series of disputes have occurred between the Muslim and the non-Muslim population of the islands.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The airstrip on West Island has an airstrip that is more than two kilometres long and is designed to accommodate <a href="/wiki/Boeing_737" title="Boeing 737">Boeing 737</a> passenger flights and smaller military planes. In 2023, the Australian parliament approved plans to extend the airstrip by 150 metres so that it could take <a href="/wiki/Boeing_P-8_Poseidon" title="Boeing P-8 Poseidon">Boeing P-8 Poseidon</a> aircraft capable of low-level <a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine_warfare" title="Anti-submarine warfare">anti-submarine warfare</a> operations and high-tech military surveillance. Construction was scheduled to start in 2024 and be completed by 2026.<sup id="cite_ref-abc010923_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abc010923-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prior to the upgrade, the United States had been using the airstrip for several decades as a stopover point between <a href="/wiki/Diego_Garcia" title="Diego Garcia">Diego Garcia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a>, and as a partial alternative to the <a href="/wiki/Paya_Lebar_Air_Base" title="Paya Lebar Air Base">Paya Lebar Air Base</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dip160419_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dip160419-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indigenous_status">Indigenous status</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Indigenous status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Descendants of the Cocos Malays brought to the islands from the <a href="/wiki/Malay_Peninsula" title="Malay Peninsula">Malay Peninsula</a>, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Indonesia" title="List of islands of Indonesia">Indonesian archipelago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southern_Africa" title="Southern Africa">Southern Africa</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a> by Hare and by Clunies-Ross as <a href="/wiki/Indentured_servitude" title="Indentured servitude">indentured workers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">slaves</a> or <a href="/wiki/Convict" title="Convict">convicts</a> are as of 2019<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> seeking recognition from the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Australia">Australian government</a> to be acknowledged as <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Australians" title="Indigenous Australians">Indigenous Australians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The capital of the Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands is West Island while the largest settlement is the village of Bantam, on Home Island.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Governance of the islands is based on the <i>Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act 1955</i><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and depends heavily on the laws of Australia. The islands are administered from <a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a> by the Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development, Communications and the Arts through a non-resident <a href="/wiki/Administrator_(Australia)" title="Administrator (Australia)">Administrator</a> appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Australia" title="Governor-General of Australia">Governor-General</a>. They were previously the responsibility of the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Transport_and_Regional_Services" title="Department of Transport and Regional Services">Department of Transport and Regional Services</a> (before 2007), the <a href="/wiki/Attorney-General%27s_Department_(Australia)" title="Attorney-General's Department (Australia)">Attorney-General's Department</a> (2007–2013), <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Infrastructure_and_Regional_Development" title="Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development">Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development</a> (2013–2017) and <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Infrastructure,_Regional_Development_and_Cities" title="Department of Infrastructure, Regional Development and Cities">Department of Infrastructure, Regional Development and Cities</a> (2017–2020).<sup id="cite_ref-DOTARS_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOTARS-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AussieAG_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AussieAG-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of November 2023, the Administrator is <a href="/wiki/Farzian_Zainal" title="Farzian Zainal">Farzian Zainal</a>, she is also the Administrator of <a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These two territories comprise the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Indian_Ocean_Territories" title="Australian Indian Ocean Territories">Australian Indian Ocean Territories</a>. The Australian Government provides Commonwealth-level government services through the Christmas Island Administration and the Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development, Communications and the Arts.<sup id="cite_ref-AAO_Sep_2013_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAO_Sep_2013-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As per the Federal Government's <i>Territories Law Reform Act 1992</i>, which came into force on 1 July 1992, Western Australian laws are applied to the Cocos Islands, "so far as they are capable of applying in the Territory";<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> non-application or partial application of such laws is at the discretion of the federal government. The Act also gives Western Australian courts judicial power over the islands. The Cocos Islands remain constitutionally distinct from Western Australia, however; the power of the state to legislate for the territory is power-delegated by the federal government. The kind of services typically provided by a state government elsewhere in Australia are provided by departments of the Western Australian Government, and by contractors, with the costs met by the federal government.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There also exists a unicameral <a href="/wiki/Shire_of_Cocos" class="mw-redirect" title="Shire of Cocos">Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council</a> with seven seats. A full term lasts four years, though elections are held every two years; approximately half the members retire each two years.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of March 2024<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> the president of the shire is Aindil Minkom.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most recent local election took place on 21 October 2023 alongside elections on <a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federal_politics">Federal politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Federal politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="notheme barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">House of Representatives, 2022<sup id="cite_ref-house_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-house-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party" title="Australian Labor Party">Labor</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#F00011; width:69.00%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">69.00%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Country_Liberal_Party" title="Country Liberal Party">Country Liberal</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#FF7F00; width:10.00%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">10.00%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Australia)">Liberal Democrats</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#0080FF; width:8.36%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">8.36%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Greens" title="Australian Greens">Greens</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#10C25B; width:5.40%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">5.40%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <div class="notheme barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Senate, 2022<sup id="cite_ref-senate_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-senate-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party" title="Australian Labor Party">Labor</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#F00011; width:68.70%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">68.70%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Australia)">Liberal Democrats</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:; width:10.87%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">10.87%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Country_Liberal_Party" title="Country Liberal Party">Country Liberal</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#FF7F00; width:9.13%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">9.13%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Greens" title="Australian Greens">Greens</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#10C25B; width:0.87%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.87%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <p>Cocos (Keeling) Islands residents who are Australian citizens also vote in <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Australia" title="Elections in Australia">federal elections</a>. Cocos (Keeling) Islanders are represented in the House of Representatives by the member for the <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Lingiari" title="Division of Lingiari">Division of Lingiari</a> (in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Territory" title="Northern Territory">Northern Territory</a>) and in the Senate by Northern Territory senators.<sup id="cite_ref-AEC_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AEC-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the <a href="/wiki/2022_Australian_federal_election" title="2022 Australian federal election">2022 Australian federal election</a> the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party" title="Australian Labor Party">Labor Party</a> received absolute majorities from Cocos electors in both the House of Representatives and the Senate.<sup id="cite_ref-senate_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-senate-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-house_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-house-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Defence_and_law_enforcement">Defence and law enforcement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Defence and law enforcement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Defence"></span><span class="anchor" id="RAAF"></span><span class="anchor" id="Military"></span> </p><p>Defence is the responsibility of the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Defence_Force" title="Australian Defence Force">Australian Defence Force</a>. Until 2023, there were no active military installations or defence personnel on the island; the administrator could request the assistance of the Australian Defence Force if required. </p><p>In 2016, the Australian Department of Defence announced that the <a href="/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands_Airport" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands Airport">Cocos (Keeling) Islands Airport</a> (West Island) would be upgraded to support the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Air_Force" title="Royal Australian Air Force">Royal Australian Air Force</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Boeing_P-8_Poseidon" title="Boeing P-8 Poseidon">P-8 Poseidon</a> maritime patrol aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Work was scheduled to begin in early 2023 and be completed by 2026. The airfield will act as a forward operating base for Australian surveillance and electronic warfare aircraft in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Navy" title="Royal Australian Navy">Royal Australian Navy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Australian_Border_Force" title="Australian Border Force">Australian Border Force</a> also deploy <a href="/wiki/Cape-class_patrol_boat" title="Cape-class patrol boat">Cape</a> and <a href="/wiki/Armidale-class_patrol_boat" title="Armidale-class patrol boat"><i>Armidale</i>-class</a> patrol boats to conduct surveillance and counter-migrant smuggling patrols in adjacent waters.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2023, the Navy's <i>Armidale</i>-class boats are in the process of being replaced by larger <a href="/wiki/Arafura-class_offshore_patrol_vessel" title="Arafura-class offshore patrol vessel"><i>Arafura</i>-class offshore patrol vessels</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Civilian law enforcement and community policing is provided by the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Federal_Police" title="Australian Federal Police">Australian Federal Police</a>. The normal deployment to the island is one <a href="/wiki/Sergeant" title="Sergeant">sergeant</a> and one <a href="/wiki/Constable" title="Constable">constable</a>. These are augmented by two locally engaged Special Members who have police powers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Courts">Courts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Courts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Supreme Court of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Supreme Court of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></div> <p>Since 1992, court services have been provided by the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Attorney_General_(Western_Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of the Attorney General (Western Australia)">Western Australian Department of the Attorney-General</a> under a service delivery arrangement with the Australian Government. Western Australian Court Services provide Magistrates Court, District Court, Supreme Court, Family Court, Children's Court, Coroner's Court and Registry for births, deaths and marriages and change of name services. Magistrates and judges from Western Australia convene a <a href="/wiki/Circuit_court" title="Circuit court">circuit court</a> as required. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_care">Health care</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Health care"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Home Island and West Island have medical clinics providing basic health services, but serious medical conditions and injuries cannot be treated on the island and patients are sent to Perth for treatment, a distance of 3,000 km (1,900 mi). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The population of the islands is approximately 600. There is a small and growing tourist industry focused on water-based or nature activities. In 2016, a beach on Direction Island was named the best beach in Australia by <a href="/wiki/Brad_Farmer" title="Brad Farmer">Brad Farmer</a>, an Aquatic and Coastal Ambassador for Tourism Australia and co-author of <i>101 Best Beaches 2017</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but most food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia or elsewhere. </p><p>The Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, <a href="/wiki/Stevedore" class="mw-redirect" title="Stevedore">stevedores</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lightering" title="Lightering">lighterage</a> worker operations. Tourism employs others. The unemployment rate was 6.7% in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plastic_pollution"><span class="anchor" id="plastic"></span>Plastic pollution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Plastic pollution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A 2019 study led by Jennifer Lavers from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Tasmania" title="University of Tasmania">University of Tasmania</a>'s Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies published in the journal <i><a href="/wiki/Scientific_Reports" title="Scientific Reports">Scientific Reports</a></i> estimated the volume of <a href="/wiki/Plastic_pollution" title="Plastic pollution">plastic rubbish</a> on the Islands as around 414 million pieces, weighing 238 tonnes, 93% of which lies buried under the sand. It said that previous surveys which only assessed surface garbage probably "drastically underestimated the scale of debris accumulation". The plastic waste found in the study consisted mostly of single-use items such as bottles, <a href="/wiki/Plastic_cutlery" class="mw-redirect" title="Plastic cutlery">plastic cutlery</a>, bags and <a href="/wiki/Drinking_straw" title="Drinking straw">drinking straws</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Strategic_importance">Strategic importance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Strategic importance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2017</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Cocos Islands are strategically important because of their proximity to shipping lanes in the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific</a> oceans. The islands could be used to monitor the <a href="/wiki/Malacca_Strait" class="mw-redirect" title="Malacca Strait">Malacca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sunda_Strait" title="Sunda Strait">Sunda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lombok_Strait" title="Lombok Strait">Lombok straits</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-abc010923_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abc010923-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wsws_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wsws-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The United States and Australia have expressed interest in stationing surveillance drones on the Cocos Islands.<sup id="cite_ref-post_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-post-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Euronews" title="Euronews">Euronews</a> described the plan as Australian support for an increased American presence in Southeast Asia, but expressed concern that it was likely to upset Chinese officials.<sup id="cite_ref-euro_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-euro-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>James Cogan has written for the <a href="/wiki/World_Socialist_Web_Site" title="World Socialist Web Site">World Socialist Web Site</a> that the plan to station surveillance drones at Cocos is one component of former US President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>'s "pivot" towards Asia, facilitating control of the sea lanes and potentially allowing US forces to enforce a blockade against China.<sup id="cite_ref-wsws_78-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wsws-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After plans to construct airbases were reported on by <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Australian defence minister <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Smith_(Australian_politician)" title="Stephen Smith (Australian politician)">Stephen Smith</a> stated that the Australian government views the "Cocos as being potentially a long-term strategic location, but that is down the track."<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2023, Indian aircraft from their Navy and Air Force paid a visit to the islands. Australia hopes to further advance relationships with India in order to grow their monitoring strength in the Indian Ocean. <sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Communications_and_transport">Communications and transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Communications and transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Special:EditPage/Cocos (Keeling) Islands">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transport">Transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cocos (Keeling) Islands have fifteen kilometres (9.3 miles) of <a href="/wiki/Highway" title="Highway">highway</a>. </p><p>There is one paved airport on the West Island. A tourist bus operates on Home Island. </p><p>The only airport is <a href="/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands_Airport" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands Airport">Cocos (Keeling) Islands Airport</a> with a single 2,441 m (8,009 ft) paved runway. <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Australia" title="Virgin Australia">Virgin Australia</a> operates scheduled jet services from <a href="/wiki/Perth_Airport" title="Perth Airport">Perth Airport</a> twice a week. The service also includes Christmas Island on the schedule. After 1952, the airport at Cocos Islands was a stop for airline flights between Australia and South Africa, and <a href="/wiki/Qantas" title="Qantas">Qantas</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_African_Airways" title="South African Airways">South African Airways</a> stopped there to refuel. The arrival of long-range jet aircraft ended this need in 1967. </p><p>The Cocos Islands Cooperative Society operates an interisland ferry, the <i>Cahaya Baru</i>, connecting West, Home and Direction Islands, as well as a bus service on West Island.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is a <a href="/wiki/Lagoon" title="Lagoon">lagoon</a> anchorage between Horsburgh and Direction islands for larger vessels, while yachts have a dedicated anchorage area in the southern lee of Direction Island. There are no major <a href="/wiki/Seaport" class="mw-redirect" title="Seaport">seaports</a> on the islands. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Communications">Communications</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Communications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The islands are connected within Australia's telecommunication system (with number range +61 8 9162 xxxx). Public phones are located on both West Island and Home Island. A reasonably reliable GSM mobile phone network (number range +61 406 xxx), run by CiiA (Christmas Island Internet Association), operates on Cocos (Keeling) Islands. SIM cards (full size) and recharge cards can be purchased from the Telecentre on West Island to access this service. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Australia_Post" title="Australia Post">Australia Post</a> provides mail services with the postcode 6799. There are post offices on West Island and Home Island. Standard letters and express post items are sent by air twice weekly, but all other mail is sent by sea and can take up to two months for delivery. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Internet">Internet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Internet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/.cc" title=".cc">.cc</a> is the Internet country code top-level domain (<a href="/wiki/CcTLD" class="mw-redirect" title="CcTLD">ccTLD</a>) for Cocos (Keeling) Islands. It is administered by VeriSign through a subsidiary company eNIC, which promotes it for international registration as "the next .com"; .cc was originally assigned in October 1997 to eNIC Corporation of Seattle WA by the IANA. The <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus">Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus</a> also uses the .cc domain, along with .nc.tr. </p><p>Internet access on Cocos is provided by CiiA (Christmas Island Internet Association), and is supplied via satellite ground station on West Island, and distributed via a wireless PPPoE-based WAN on both inhabited islands. Casual internet access is available at the Telecentre on West Island and the Indian Ocean Group Training office on Home Island. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/National_Broadband_Network" title="National Broadband Network">National Broadband Network</a> announced in early 2012 that it would extend service to Cocos in 2015 via high-speed satellite link.<sup id="cite_ref-Gizmodo_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gizmodo-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Oman_Australia_Cable" title="Oman Australia Cable">Oman Australia Cable</a>, completed in 2022, links Australia and Oman with a spur to the Cocos Islands.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-reuters-20230706_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters-20230706-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cocos (Keeling) Islands have access to a range of modern communication services. Digital television stations are broadcast from <a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western Australia</a> via satellite. A local radio station, 6CKI – Voice of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, is staffed by community volunteers and provides some local content. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Newspapers">Newspapers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Newspapers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cocos Islands Community Resource Centre publishes a fortnightly newsletter called <i>The Atoll</i>. It is available in paper and electronic formats.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio">Radio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Radio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Australian</dt></dl> <p>The Cocos (Keeling) Islands receives a range of digital channels from <a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western Australia</a> via satellite and is broadcast from the Airport Building on the West Island on the following VHF frequencies: <a href="/wiki/ABW_(TV_station)" title="ABW (TV station)">ABC6</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special_Broadcasting_Service" title="Special Broadcasting Service">SBS7</a>, <a href="/wiki/GWN7" title="GWN7">WAW8</a>, <a href="/wiki/WOW_(TV_station)" title="WOW (TV station)">WOW10</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Digital_Television" title="West Digital Television">WDW11</a><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Malaysian</dt></dl> <p>From 2013 onwards, Cocos Island received four Malaysian channels via satellite: <a href="/wiki/TV3_(Malaysia)" class="mw-redirect" title="TV3 (Malaysia)">TV3</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ntv7" class="mw-redirect" title="Ntv7">ntv7</a>, <a href="/wiki/8TV_(Malaysia)" class="mw-redirect" title="8TV (Malaysia)">8TV</a> and <a href="/wiki/TV9_(Malaysia)" class="mw-redirect" title="TV9 (Malaysia)">TV9</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is a school in the archipelago, <a href="/wiki/Cocos_Islands_District_High_School" title="Cocos Islands District High School">Cocos Islands District High School</a>, with campuses located on West Island (Kindergarten to Year 10), and the other on Home Island (Kindergarten to Year 6). CIDHS is part of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Australia_Department_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Australia Department of Education">Western Australia Department of Education</a>. School instruction is in English on both campuses, with Cocos Malay teacher aides assisting the younger children in Kindergarten, Pre-Preparatory and early Primary with the English curriculum on the Home Island Campus. The Home Language of Cocos Malay is valued whilst students engage in learning English. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Culture of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Culture of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></div> <p>Although it is an Australian territory, the culture of the islands has extensive influences from <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> due to its predominantly ethnic Malay population. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Heritage_listings">Heritage listings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Heritage listings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/West_Island_Mosque" title="West Island Mosque">West Island Mosque</a> on Alexander Street is listed on the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Commonwealth_Heritage_List" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Commonwealth Heritage List">Australian Commonwealth Heritage List</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ahd-105219_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ahd-105219-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Museum">Museum</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Museum"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Pulu_Cocos_Museum" title="Pulu Cocos Museum">Pulu Cocos Museum</a> on Home Island was established in 1987, in recognition of the fact that the distinct culture of Home Island needed formal preservation.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The site includes the displays on local culture and traditions, as well as the early history of the islands and their ownership by the <a href="/wiki/Clunies-Ross_family" title="Clunies-Ross family">Clunies-Ross family</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The museum also includes displays on military and naval history, as well as local botanical and zoological items.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marine_park">Marine park</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Marine park"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Reefs near the islands have healthy <a href="/wiki/Coral" title="Coral">coral</a> and are home to several rare species of marine life. The region, along with the Christmas Island reefs, have been described as "Australia's <a href="/wiki/Galapagos_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Galapagos Islands">Galapagos Islands</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Birch_2022_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Birch_2022-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 2021 budget the Australian Government committed $A39.1M to create two new marine parks off Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands. The parks will cover up to 740,000 square kilometres (290,000 sq mi) of Australian waters.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After months of consultation with local people, both parks were approved in March 2022, with a total coverage of 744,000 square kilometres (287,000 sq mi). The park will help to protect spawning of <a href="/wiki/Bluefin_tuna" title="Bluefin tuna">bluefin tuna</a> from illegal international fishers, but local people will be allowed to practise fishing sustainably inshore in order to source food.<sup id="cite_ref-Birch_2022_99-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Birch_2022-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Rugby_league" title="Rugby league">Rugby league</a> is a popular sport on the islands.<sup id="cite_ref-Department_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Department-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Cocos Islands Golf Club, located on West Island and established in 1962, is the only golf course in the world that plays across an international <a href="/wiki/Airport_runway" class="mw-redirect" title="Airport runway">airport runway</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Wynne_2019_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wynne_2019-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Unlike <a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island" title="Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a>, another external territory of Australia, the Cocos Islands do not participate in the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Games" title="Commonwealth Games">Commonwealth Games</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Games" title="Pacific Games">Pacific Games</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Image_gallery">Image gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Image gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerycaption">Gallery</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands_Airport_-_RWY33.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aerial view of Cocos (Keeling) Islands Airport (ICAO code: YPCC)."><img alt="Aerial view of Cocos (Keeling) Islands Airport (ICAO code: YPCC)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands_Airport_-_RWY33.jpg/154px-Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands_Airport_-_RWY33.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands_Airport_-_RWY33.jpg/231px-Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands_Airport_-_RWY33.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands_Airport_-_RWY33.jpg/308px-Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands_Airport_-_RWY33.jpg 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="403" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Aerial view of Cocos (Keeling) Islands Airport (ICAO code: YPCC).</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cocos(Keeling)Islands_HomeIsland02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Home Island"><img alt="Home Island" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Cocos%28Keeling%29Islands_HomeIsland02.jpg/154px-Cocos%28Keeling%29Islands_HomeIsland02.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Cocos%28Keeling%29Islands_HomeIsland02.jpg/231px-Cocos%28Keeling%29Islands_HomeIsland02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Cocos%28Keeling%29Islands_HomeIsland02.jpg/308px-Cocos%28Keeling%29Islands_HomeIsland02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Home_Island,_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Home Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Home Island</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HMAS_Sydney_1912_compass-stand_Port_Macquarie.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Compass stand from the bridge of HMAS Sydney, which destroyed the SMS Emden, installed at Port Macquarie, New South Wales, in 1929."><img alt="Compass stand from the bridge of HMAS Sydney, which destroyed the SMS Emden, installed at Port Macquarie, New South Wales, in 1929." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/HMAS_Sydney_1912_compass-stand_Port_Macquarie.JPG/150px-HMAS_Sydney_1912_compass-stand_Port_Macquarie.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/HMAS_Sydney_1912_compass-stand_Port_Macquarie.JPG/225px-HMAS_Sydney_1912_compass-stand_Port_Macquarie.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/HMAS_Sydney_1912_compass-stand_Port_Macquarie.JPG/300px-HMAS_Sydney_1912_compass-stand_Port_Macquarie.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Compass stand from the bridge of <a href="/wiki/HMAS_Sydney_(1912)" title="HMAS Sydney (1912)">HMAS <i>Sydney</i></a>, which destroyed the <a href="/wiki/SMS_Emden" title="SMS Emden">SMS <i>Emden</i></a>, installed at <a href="/wiki/Port_Macquarie" title="Port Macquarie">Port Macquarie</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales">New South Wales</a>, in 1929.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SMS_Emden_1914.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A broadside view of the wrecked Emden after her encounter with HMAS Sydney. Crew huddle on the wreck, awaiting rescue by Sydney."><img alt="A broadside view of the wrecked Emden after her encounter with HMAS Sydney. Crew huddle on the wreck, awaiting rescue by Sydney." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/SMS_Emden_1914.jpg/154px-SMS_Emden_1914.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/SMS_Emden_1914.jpg/231px-SMS_Emden_1914.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/SMS_Emden_1914.jpg/308px-SMS_Emden_1914.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="326" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A broadside view of the wrecked <i>Emden</i> after her encounter with HMAS <i>Sydney</i>. Crew huddle on the wreck, awaiting rescue by <i>Sydney</i>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BRIG_DURRANT_WRITING_CANCELLED.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The last bombing raid of World War II by 99, 356 and 321 Squadrons is cancelled, 15 August 1945.[102]"><img alt="The last bombing raid of World War II by 99, 356 and 321 Squadrons is cancelled, 15 August 1945.[102]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/BRIG_DURRANT_WRITING_CANCELLED.jpg/154px-BRIG_DURRANT_WRITING_CANCELLED.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/BRIG_DURRANT_WRITING_CANCELLED.jpg/231px-BRIG_DURRANT_WRITING_CANCELLED.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/BRIG_DURRANT_WRITING_CANCELLED.jpg/308px-BRIG_DURRANT_WRITING_CANCELLED.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="344" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The last bombing raid of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> by <a href="/wiki/No._99_Squadron_RAAF" title="No. 99 Squadron RAAF">99</a>, <a href="/wiki/No._356_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 356 Squadron RAF">356</a> and <a href="/wiki/No._321_(Dutch)_Squadron_RAF" class="mw-redirect" title="No. 321 (Dutch) Squadron RAF">321 Squadrons</a> is cancelled, 15 August 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:H.M._Queen_Elizabeth_and_Prince_Philip_at_the_Cocos_Islands,_April_1954.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip arrive at the Cocos Islands, April 1954."><img alt="Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip arrive at the Cocos Islands, April 1954." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/H.M._Queen_Elizabeth_and_Prince_Philip_at_the_Cocos_Islands%2C_April_1954.jpg/154px-H.M._Queen_Elizabeth_and_Prince_Philip_at_the_Cocos_Islands%2C_April_1954.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/H.M._Queen_Elizabeth_and_Prince_Philip_at_the_Cocos_Islands%2C_April_1954.jpg/231px-H.M._Queen_Elizabeth_and_Prince_Philip_at_the_Cocos_Islands%2C_April_1954.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/H.M._Queen_Elizabeth_and_Prince_Philip_at_the_Cocos_Islands%2C_April_1954.jpg/308px-H.M._Queen_Elizabeth_and_Prince_Philip_at_the_Cocos_Islands%2C_April_1954.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="767" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">Prince Philip</a> arrive at the Cocos Islands, April 1954.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prince_Philip-Queen_Elizabeth-John_Clunies_Ross@Coco_Islands_1954.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Prince Philip waves goodbye as he and Queen Elizabeth, accompanied by John Clunies-Ross, return to their ship from Home Island (1954)."><img alt="Prince Philip waves goodbye as he and Queen Elizabeth, accompanied by John Clunies-Ross, return to their ship from Home Island (1954)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Prince_Philip-Queen_Elizabeth-John_Clunies_Ross%40Coco_Islands_1954.jpg/154px-Prince_Philip-Queen_Elizabeth-John_Clunies_Ross%40Coco_Islands_1954.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Prince_Philip-Queen_Elizabeth-John_Clunies_Ross%40Coco_Islands_1954.jpg/231px-Prince_Philip-Queen_Elizabeth-John_Clunies_Ross%40Coco_Islands_1954.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Prince_Philip-Queen_Elizabeth-John_Clunies_Ross%40Coco_Islands_1954.jpg/308px-Prince_Philip-Queen_Elizabeth-John_Clunies_Ross%40Coco_Islands_1954.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="633" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Prince Philip waves goodbye as he and Queen Elizabeth, accompanied by <a href="/wiki/John_Clunies-Ross" class="mw-redirect" title="John Clunies-Ross">John Clunies-Ross</a>, return to their ship from Home Island (1954).</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elizabeth_garden_part_1954-04.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Queen Elizabeth at a garden party held in her honour at Home Island (1954)."><img alt="Queen Elizabeth at a garden party held in her honour at Home Island (1954)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Elizabeth_garden_part_1954-04.jpg/151px-Elizabeth_garden_part_1954-04.jpg" decoding="async" width="151" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Elizabeth_garden_part_1954-04.jpg/226px-Elizabeth_garden_part_1954-04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Elizabeth_garden_part_1954-04.jpg/301px-Elizabeth_garden_part_1954-04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="772" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Queen Elizabeth at a garden party held in her honour at Home Island (1954).</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul 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data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Australia" title="Portal:Australia">Australia portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banknotes_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Banknotes of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Banknotes of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands-related_articles" class="mw-redirect" title="Index of Cocos (Keeling) Islands-related articles">Index of Cocos (Keeling) Islands-related articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Islands" title="Pearl Islands">Pearl Islands</a> (<i>Isla de Cocos</i>, Panama; <i>Cocos Island</i>, Costa Rica).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">English does not have <a href="/wiki/De_jure" title="De jure">de jure</a> status on the Cocos (Keeling) Islands and in Australia, but it is the <a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a> language of communication in government.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rda.gov.au/rda-appointments">"RDA Appointments"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RDA+Appointments&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rda.gov.au%2Frda-appointments&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-census_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a 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"Chapter 3: The economic environment of the Indian Ocean Territories". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/House_of_Representatives_Committees?url=/ncet/economicenvironment/report/chapter%203.pdf"><i>Inquiry into the changing economic environment in the Indian Ocean Territories</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Parliament House, Canberra ACT: Joint Standing Committee on the National Capital and External Territories. p. 23. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-642-79276-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-642-79276-1"><bdi>978-0-642-79276-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+3%3A+The+economic+environment+of+the+Indian+Ocean+Territories&rft.btitle=Inquiry+into+the+changing+economic+environment+in+the+Indian+Ocean+Territories&rft.place=Parliament+House%2C+Canberra+ACT&rft.pages=23&rft.pub=Joint+Standing+Committee+on+the+National+Capital+and+External+Territories&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-642-79276-1&rft.aulast=Lundy&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aph.gov.au%2FParliamentary_Business%2FCommittees%2FHouse_of_Representatives_Committees%3Furl%3D%2Fncet%2Feconomicenvironment%2Freport%2Fchapter%25203.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldstandards.eu/cars/list-of-left-driving-countries/?location=cn">"List of left- & right-driving countries"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=List+of+left-+%26+right-driving+countries&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldstandards.eu%2Fcars%2Flist-of-left-driving-countries%2F%3Flocation%3Dcn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220323164925/https://www.lexico.com/definition/cocos_islands">"COCOS ISLANDS | Meaning & Definition for UK English | Lexico.com"</a>. <i>Lexico Dictionaries | English</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lexico.com/definition/cocos_islands">the original</a> on 23 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lexico+Dictionaries+%7C+English&rft.atitle=COCOS+ISLANDS+%7C+Meaning+%26+Definition+for+UK+English+%7C+Lexico.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexico.com%2Fdefinition%2Fcocos_islands&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCocos_Keeling_Islands2021" class="citation web cs1">Cocos Keeling Islands (11 February 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xmj571hdJzk&t=9s">"Cocos Keeling Islands - Destination WA 2020 - Motorised Canoe Safari"</a>. <i>YouTube</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Cocos+Keeling+Islands+-+Destination+WA+2020+-+Motorised+Canoe+Safari&rft.date=2021-02-11&rft.au=Cocos+Keeling+Islands&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dxmj571hdJzk%26t%3D9s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cia_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090912042550/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ck.html">"Cocos (Keeling) Islands"</a>. <i>The World Factbook</i>. CIA. 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(February 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/atollresearchbu399425smit#page/n14"><i>Scientific Studies in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands: An Introduction</i></a>. Atoll Research Bulletin. Vol. 399. Washington DC: National Museum of Natural History. pp. 1–2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160410073158/https://archive.org/stream/atollresearchbu399425smit/#page/n14">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Vol. 1 (5th ed.). London: W.H. Allen and Co. pp. 141–2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Islands+to+the+Southward+and+South-eastward+of+Java%3B+The+Keeling+or+Cocos+Islands&rft.btitle=The+India+directory%2C+or%2C+Directions+for+sailing+to+and+from+the+East+Indies%2C+China%2C+Australia%2C+and+the+interjacent+ports+of+Africa+and+South+America%3A+comp.+chiefly+from+original+journals+of+the+honourable+company%27s+ships%2C+and+from+observations+and+remarks%2C+resulting+from+the+experience+of+twenty-one+years+in+the+navigation+of+those+seas&rft.place=London&rft.pages=141-2&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=W.H.+Allen+and+Co.&rft.date=1841&rft.aulast=Horsburgh&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Findiadirectoryor01hors%23page%2F142%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoss1835" class="citation book cs1">Ross, J. 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Peck and Newton. p. 220.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Cocos%27+Isles&rft.btitle=The+Metropolitan&rft.pages=220&rft.pub=Peck+and+Newton&rft.date=1835-05&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=J.+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3h3ZAAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA220&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WeberWeber1916-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WeberWeber1916_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeberde_Beaufort1916" class="citation book cs1">Weber, Max Carl Wilhelm; de Beaufort, Lieven Ferdinand (1916). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzhCAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA286"><i>The Fishes of the Indo-australian Archipelago</i></a>. Brill Archive. p. 286. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151231220345/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzhCAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA286">Archived</a> from the original on 31 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Fishes+of+the+Indo-australian+Archipelago&rft.pages=286&rft.pub=Brill+Archive&rft.date=1916&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=Max+Carl+Wilhelm&rft.au=de+Beaufort%2C+Lieven+Ferdinand&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZzhCAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA286&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/1a/22/b3/1a22b3506897ed6571e01f37ab80722c.jpg">"Photo of a sign"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Photo+of+a+sign&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fs-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com%2Foriginals%2F1a%2F22%2Fb3%2F1a22b3506897ed6571e01f37ab80722c.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://diannewolfer.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/10429811_10152701070713780_7000322669539587620_n1.jpg">"10429811_10152701070713780_7000322669539587620_n1.jpg (960×716)"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180111170144/https://diannewolfer.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/10429811_10152701070713780_7000322669539587620_n1.jpg">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=10429811_10152701070713780_7000322669539587620_n1.jpg+%28960%C3%97716%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdiannewolfer.files.wordpress.com%2F2014%2F12%2F10429811_10152701070713780_7000322669539587620_n1.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-abc010923-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-abc010923_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-abc010923_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-abc010923_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMangan2023" class="citation web cs1">Mangan, Sinead (1 September 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-09-02/cocos-islands-fearful-changes-defence-runway-upgrade/102761846">"Some 'inconvenient Australians' fear their slice of paradise will be ruined in the name of national security"</a>. <i>ABC News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Some+%27inconvenient+Australians%27+fear+their+slice+of+paradise+will+be+ruined+in+the+name+of+national+security&rft.date=2023-09-01&rft.aulast=Mangan&rft.aufirst=Sinead&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2023-09-02%2Fcocos-islands-fearful-changes-defence-runway-upgrade%2F102761846&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bom.gov.au/jsp/ncc/cdio/cvg/av?p_stn_num=200284&p_prim_element_index=0&p_comp_element_index=0&redraw=null&p_display_type=full_statistics_table&normals_years=1981-2010&tablesizebutt=normal">"Climate statistics for Australian locations. Cocos Island Airport"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Australian_Bureau_of_Meteorology" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Bureau of Meteorology">Australian Bureau of Meteorology</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climate+statistics+for+Australian+locations.+Cocos+Island+Airport&rft.pub=Australian+Bureau+of+Meteorology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bom.gov.au%2Fjsp%2Fncc%2Fcdio%2Fcvg%2Fav%3Fp_stn_num%3D200284%26p_prim_element_index%3D0%26p_comp_element_index%3D0%26redraw%3Dnull%26p_display_type%3Dfull_statistics_table%26normals_years%3D1981-2010%26tablesizebutt%3Dnormal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abs.gov.au/census/find-census-data/quickstats/2021/AUS">"2021 Census QuickStats: Australia"</a>. <i>quickstats.censusdata.abs.gov.au</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=quickstats.censusdata.abs.gov.au&rft.atitle=2021+Census+QuickStats%3A+Australia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abs.gov.au%2Fcensus%2Ffind-census-data%2Fquickstats%2F2021%2FAUS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJuppJupp2001" class="citation book cs1">Jupp, James; Jupp, Director Centre for Immigration and Multicultural Studies James (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wgoFxfSTfYAC&dq=Kaum+Ibu+%28Women%27s+Group%29+cocos&pg=PA226"><i>The Australian People: An Encyclopedia of the Nation, Its People and Their Origins</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-80789-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-80789-0"><bdi>978-0-521-80789-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Australian+People%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+the+Nation%2C+Its+People+and+Their+Origins&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-521-80789-0&rft.aulast=Jupp&rft.aufirst=James&rft.au=Jupp%2C+Director+Centre+for+Immigration+and+Multicultural+Studies+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwgoFxfSTfYAC%26dq%3DKaum%2BIbu%2B%2528Women%2527s%2BGroup%2529%2Bcocos%26pg%3DPA226&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nationaal Archief, The Hague, archive 4.VEL inventorynumber 338</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PKNPMP-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PKNPMP_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Pulu Keeling National Park Management Plan</i>. Australian Government. 2004. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-642-54964-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-642-54964-8"><bdi>0-642-54964-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pulu+Keeling+National+Park+Management+Plan&rft.pub=Australian+Government&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-642-54964-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4ohwAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA293">"Gleanings in Science, Volume 2"</a>. Baptist Mission Press. 1830. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151231220345/https://books.google.com/books?id=4ohwAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA293">Archived</a> from the original on 31 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gleanings+in+Science%2C+Volume+2&rft.pub=Baptist+Mission+Press&rft.date=1830&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4ohwAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA293&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-joshua-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-joshua_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-joshua_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-joshua_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-joshua_23-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Slocum" title="Joshua Slocum">Joshua Slocum</a>, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/sailingalonearou00slocuoft#page/212/mode/2up">Sailing Alone Around the World", p. 212</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161226134257/https://archive.org/stream/sailingalonearou00slocuoft#page/212/mode/2up">Archived</a> 26 December 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.clunies-ross.com/">The Clunies-Ross Chronicle</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905222330/http://www.clunies-ross.com/">Archived</a> 5 September 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Morning Post (London) 20 March 1835</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/6730047.stm">"BBC NEWS - Programmes - From Our Own Correspondent - The man who lost a 'coral kingdom'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080927212633/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/6730047.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 27 September 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=BBC+NEWS+-+Programmes+-+From+Our+Own+Correspondent+-+The+man+who+lost+a+%27coral+kingdom%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fprogrammes%2Ffrom_our_own_correspondent%2F6730047.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeynes2001" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Keynes" title="Richard Keynes">Keynes, Richard</a> (2001), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?viewtype=text&itemID=F1925&pageseq=445"><i>Charles Darwin's Beagle Diary</i></a>, Cambridge University Press, pp. 413–418, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161226134647/http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?viewtype=text&itemID=F1925&pageseq=445">archived</a> from the original on 26 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Charles+Darwin%27s+Beagle+Diary&rft.pages=413-418&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Keynes&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdarwin-online.org.uk%2Fcontent%2Fframeset%3Fviewtype%3Dtext%26itemID%3DF1925%26pageseq%3D445&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kenneth_Roberts-Wray_1966._p._882-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kenneth_Roberts-Wray_1966._p._882_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kenneth_Roberts-Wray_1966._p._882_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kenneth_Roberts-Wray_1966._p._882_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Commonwealth and Colonial Law by <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Roberts-Wray" title="Kenneth Roberts-Wray">Kenneth Roberts-Wray</a>, London, Stevens, 1966. p. 882</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ddUXAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA187">"The Cocos Islands"</a>. <i>The Chambers's Journal</i>. <b>76</b>: 187–190. 1899. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151231220345/https://books.google.com/books?id=ddUXAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA187">Archived</a> from the original on 31 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Chambers%27s+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Cocos+Islands&rft.volume=76&rft.pages=187-190&rft.date=1899&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DddUXAQAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA187&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">S.R.O. & S.I. Rev. XXI, 512.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">S.R.O. 1903 No. 478, S.R.O. & S.I. Rev. XXI, 515</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kenneth_Roberts-Wray_1966._p._883-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kenneth_Roberts-Wray_1966._p._883_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kenneth_Roberts-Wray_1966._p._883_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Commonwealth and Colonial Law by Kenneth Roberts-Wray, London, Stevens, 1966. p. 883</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131215033702/https://www.cocoskeelingislands.com.au/home-2/history/money-22">"Timeline of major dates"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cocoskeelingislands.com.au/home-2/history/money-22">the original</a> on 15 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Timeline+of+major+dates&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cocoskeelingislands.com.au%2Fhome-2%2Fhistory%2Fmoney-22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McKay, S. 2012. <i>The Secret Listeners</i>. Aurum Press Ltd. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978%2B1%2B78131%2B079%2B3" title="Special:BookSources/978+1+78131+079+3">978 1 78131 079 3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smoketreemanor.com/cocos-keeling-islands/3/">"Cocos (Keeling) Islands - Page 3 of 6 - Smoke Tree Manor"</a>. 19 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands+-+Page+3+of+6+-+Smoke+Tree+Manor&rft.date=2019-07-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smoketreemanor.com%2Fcocos-keeling-islands%2F3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIM-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CIM_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCruise2002" class="citation book cs1">Cruise, Noel (2002). <i>The Cocos Islands Mutiny</i>. Fremantle: Fremantle Arts Centre Press. p. 248. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86368-310-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-86368-310-0"><bdi>1-86368-310-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cocos+Islands+Mutiny&rft.place=Fremantle&rft.pages=248&rft.pub=Fremantle+Arts+Centre+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1-86368-310-0&rft.aulast=Cruise&rft.aufirst=Noel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.combinedfleet.com/I-166.htm">"Imperial Submarines"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080921203309/http://www.combinedfleet.com/I-166.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 21 September 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Imperial+Submarines&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.combinedfleet.com%2FI-166.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFail" class="citation web cs1">Fail, J.E.H. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rquirk.com/cocos/cocosart.htm">"FORWARD STRATEGIC AIR BASE COCOS ISLAND"</a>. <i>rquirk.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130207075824/http://www.rquirk.com/cocos/cocosart.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 7 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rquirk.com&rft.atitle=FORWARD+STRATEGIC+AIR+BASE+COCOS+ISLAND&rft.aulast=Fail&rft.aufirst=J.E.H.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rquirk.com%2Fcocos%2Fcocosart.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Colony of Singapore. Government Gazette. (1 April 1946). The Singapore Colony Order in Council, 1946 (G.N. 2, pp. 2–3). Singapore: [s.n.]. Call no.: RCLOS 959.57 SGG; White paper on Malaya (26 January 1946). The Straits Times, p. 2. Retrieved from NewspaperSG; Tan, K. Y. L. (Ed.). (1999). The Singapore legal system (pp. 232–233). Singapore: Singapore University Press. Call no.: RSING 349.5957 SIN.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">9 & 10 G. 6, c. 37</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Commonwealth and Colonial Law by Kenneth Roberts-Wray, London, Stevens, 1966. pp. 133–134</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Commonwealth and Colonial Law by Kenneth Roberts-Wray, London, Stevens, 1966. p. 134</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStokes2012" class="citation book cs1">Stokes, Tony (2012). <i>Whatever Will Be, I'll See: Growing Up in the 1940s, 50s and 60s in the Northern Territory, Christmas and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory</i>. Tony Stokes. p. 238. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780646575643" title="Special:BookSources/9780646575643"><bdi>9780646575643</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Whatever+Will+Be%2C+I%27ll+See%3A+Growing+Up+in+the+1940s%2C+50s+and+60s+in+the+Northern+Territory%2C+Christmas+and+the+Cocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands%2C+New+South+Wales+and+the+Australian+Capital+Territory&rft.pages=238&rft.pub=Tony+Stokes&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9780646575643&rft.aulast=Stokes&rft.aufirst=Tony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKen_Mullen1974" class="citation book cs1">Ken Mullen (1974). <i>Cocos Keeling, the Islands Time Forgot</i>. Sydney: Angus & Robertson. p. 122. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780207131950" title="Special:BookSources/9780207131950"><bdi>9780207131950</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1734040">1734040</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cocos+Keeling%2C+the+Islands+Time+Forgot&rft.place=Sydney&rft.pages=122&rft.pub=Angus+%26+Robertson&rft.date=1974&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1734040&rft.isbn=9780207131950&rft.au=Ken+Mullen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/nsw/cabinet-papers-the-last-king-of-cocos-loses-his-palace-20151217-glqb6m.html">"Cabinet papers: The last King of Cocos loses his palace"</a>. <i>The Sydney Morning Herald</i>. 30 December 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160101220559/http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/cabinet-papers-the-last-king-of-cocos-loses-his-palace-20151217-glqb6m.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Cabinet+papers%3A+The+last+King+of+Cocos+loses+his+palace&rft.date=2015-12-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fnsw%2Fcabinet-papers-the-last-king-of-cocos-loses-his-palace-20151217-glqb6m.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kenneth Chen, "Pacific Island Development Plan: Cocos (Keeling) Islands- The Political Evolution of a Small Island Territory in the Indian Ocean" (1987): Mr Chen was Administrator, Cocos Islands, from December 1983 – November 1985.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/inquirer/lost-in-transition/news-story/de35303c2eaa07c5ffd2a897e4a6e8a8">"Lost in transition"</a>. <i>www.theaustralian.com.au</i>. 31 August 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161223114416/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/inquirer/lost-in-transition/news-story/de35303c2eaa07c5ffd2a897e4a6e8a8">Archived</a> from the original on 23 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.theaustralian.com.au&rft.atitle=Lost+in+transition&rft.date=2009-08-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theaustralian.com.au%2Fnews%2Finquirer%2Flost-in-transition%2Fnews-story%2Fde35303c2eaa07c5ffd2a897e4a6e8a8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dip160419-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dip160419_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBashfield2019" class="citation web cs1">Bashfield, Samuel (16 April 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thediplomat.com/2019/04/australias-cocos-islands-cannot-replace-americas-troubled-diego-garcia/">"Australia's Cocos Islands Cannot Replace America's Troubled Diego Garcia"</a>. <i>thediplomat.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=thediplomat.com&rft.atitle=Australia%27s+Cocos+Islands+Cannot+Replace+America%27s+Troubled+Diego+Garcia&rft.date=2019-04-16&rft.aulast=Bashfield&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthediplomat.com%2F2019%2F04%2Faustralias-cocos-islands-cannot-replace-americas-troubled-diego-garcia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerrimanIrvingAcciaioliWinarnita2018" class="citation web cs1">Herriman, Nicholas; Irving, David R.M.; Acciaioli, Greg; Winarnita, Monika; Kinajil, Trixie Tangit (25 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190726020326/https://theconversation.com/a-group-of-southeast-asian-descendants-wants-to-be-recognised-as-indigenous-australians-98186">"A group of Southeast Asian descendants wants to be recognised as Indigenous Australians"</a>. <i>The Conversation</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theconversation.com/a-group-of-southeast-asian-descendants-wants-to-be-recognised-as-indigenous-australians-98186">the original</a> on 26 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Conversation&rft.atitle=A+group+of+Southeast+Asian+descendants+wants+to+be+recognised+as+Indigenous+Australians&rft.date=2018-06-25&rft.aulast=Herriman&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.au=Irving%2C+David+R.M.&rft.au=Acciaioli%2C+Greg&rft.au=Winarnita%2C+Monika&rft.au=Kinajil%2C+Trixie+Tangit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheconversation.com%2Fa-group-of-southeast-asian-descendants-wants-to-be-recognised-as-indigenous-australians-98186&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://simplemaps.com/data/cc-cities#:~:text=Notable%20Cities:%20The%20largest%20city,an%20urban%20population%20of%20448.">"Cocos (Keeling) Islands Cities Database | Simplemaps.com"</a>. <i>simplemaps.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=simplemaps.com&rft.atitle=Cocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands+Cities+Database+%7C+Simplemaps.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsimplemaps.com%2Fdata%2Fcc-cities%23%3A~%3Atext%3DNotable%2520Cities%3A%2520The%2520largest%2520city%2Can%2520urban%2520population%2520of%2520448.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weblaw.edu.au/weblaw/display_resource.phtml?rid=867">WebLaw – full resource metadata display</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080722153525/http://www.weblaw.edu.au/weblaw/display_resource.phtml?rid=867">Archived</a> 22 July 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comlaw.gov.au/ComLaw/Legislation/ActCompilation1.nsf/0/D1D6D0EDD0A339E2CA25714100115B0A?OpenDocument">"Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act 1955"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927000349/http://www.comlaw.gov.au/ComLaw/Legislation/ActCompilation1.nsf/0/D1D6D0EDD0A339E2CA25714100115B0A?OpenDocument">Archived</a> from the original on 27 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands+Act+1955&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.comlaw.gov.au%2FComLaw%2FLegislation%2FActCompilation1.nsf%2F0%2FD1D6D0EDD0A339E2CA25714100115B0A%3FOpenDocument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DOTARS-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DOTARS_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071216154140/http://www.infrastructure.gov.au/territories/index.aspx">"Territories of Australia"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infrastructure.gov.au/territories/index.aspx">the original</a> on 16 December 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2008</span>. <q>As part of the Machinery of Government Changes following the Federal Election on 29 November 2007, administrative responsibility for Territories has been transferred to the Attorney General's Department.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Territories+of+Australia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infrastructure.gov.au%2Fterritories%2Findex.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AussieAG-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AussieAG_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFirst_Assistant_Secretary,_Territories_Division2008" class="citation web cs1">First Assistant Secretary, Territories Division (30 January 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080206093322/http://www.ag.gov.au/territories">"Territories of Australia"</a>. Attorney-General's Department. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ag.gov.au/territories">the original</a> on 6 February 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2008</span>. <q>The Federal Government, through the Attorney-General's Department administers Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island, the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, the Coral Sea Islands, Jervis Bay, and Norfolk Island as Territories.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Territories+of+Australia&rft.pub=Attorney-General%27s+Department&rft.date=2008-01-30&rft.au=First+Assistant+Secretary%2C+Territories+Division&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ag.gov.au%2Fterritories&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarid2023" class="citation web cs1">Farid, Farid (6 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/8414337/malay-muslim-engineer-leads-christmas-cocos-isles/">"Malay Muslim engineer leads Christmas, Cocos Isles"</a>. <i>The Canberra Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Canberra+Times&rft.atitle=Malay+Muslim+engineer+leads+Christmas%2C+Cocos+Isles&rft.date=2023-11-06&rft.aulast=Farid&rft.aufirst=Farid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.canberratimes.com.au%2Fstory%2F8414337%2Fmalay-muslim-engineer-leads-christmas-cocos-isles%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AAO_Sep_2013-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AAO_Sep_2013_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131014052331/http://www.dpmc.gov.au/parliamentary/docs/aao_20130918.pdf">"Commonwealth of Australia Administrative Arrangements Order made on 18 September 2013"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Australian Government Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. 18 September 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dpmc.gov.au/parliamentary/docs/aao_20130918.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 14 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Commonwealth+of+Australia+Administrative+Arrangements+Order+made+on+18+September+2013&rft.pub=Australian+Government+Department+of+the+Prime+Minister+and+Cabinet&rft.date=2013-09-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dpmc.gov.au%2Fparliamentary%2Fdocs%2Faao_20130918.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/C2004A04395">"Territories Law Reform Act 1992"</a>. 30 June 1992. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120707074255/http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/C2004A04395">Archived</a> from the original on 7 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Territories+Law+Reform+Act+1992&rft.date=1992-06-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.comlaw.gov.au%2FDetails%2FC2004A04395&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.infrastructure.gov.au/territories-regions-cities/territories/indian-ocean-territories/cocos-keeling-islands/governance-administration">"Cocos (Keeling) Islands governance and administration"</a>. <i>Australian Government</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Australian+Government&rft.atitle=Cocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands+governance+and+administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.infrastructure.gov.au%2Fterritories-regions-cities%2Fterritories%2Findian-ocean-territories%2Fcocos-keeling-islands%2Fgovernance-administration&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shire.cc/en/your-council/meet-the-council?format=html">"Meet the Council"</a>. <i>shire.cc</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=shire.cc&rft.atitle=Meet+the+Council&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fshire.cc%2Fen%2Fyour-council%2Fmeet-the-council%3Fformat%3Dhtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shire.cc/en/your-council/meet-the-council.html">"Meet the Council"</a>. <i>Shire of Cocos Islands</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Shire+of+Cocos+Islands&rft.atitle=Meet+the+Council&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fshire.cc%2Fen%2Fyour-council%2Fmeet-the-council.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shire.cc/en/your-council/council-elections.html">"Council Elections"</a>. <i>Shire of Cocos Islands</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Shire+of+Cocos+Islands&rft.atitle=Council+Elections&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fshire.cc%2Fen%2Fyour-council%2Fcouncil-elections.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-house-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-house_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-house_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> House of Representatives polling places: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://results.aec.gov.au/20499/Website/HousePollingPlaceFirstPrefs-20499-8712.htm">Home Island</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180119235151/http://results.aec.gov.au/20499/Website/HousePollingPlaceFirstPrefs-20499-8712.htm">Archived</a> 19 January 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://results.aec.gov.au/20499/Website/HousePollingPlaceFirstPrefs-20499-34176.htm">Home Island PPVC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180119235212/http://results.aec.gov.au/20499/Website/HousePollingPlaceFirstPrefs-20499-34176.htm">Archived</a> 19 January 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://results.aec.gov.au/20499/Website/HousePollingPlaceFirstPrefs-20499-8736.htm">West Island</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180119235215/http://results.aec.gov.au/20499/Website/HousePollingPlaceFirstPrefs-20499-8736.htm">Archived</a> 19 January 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-senate-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-senate_63-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-senate_63-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Senate polling places: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://results.aec.gov.au/20499/Website/SenatePollingPlaceFirstPrefs-20499-8712.htm">Home Island</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180119235124/http://results.aec.gov.au/20499/Website/SenatePollingPlaceFirstPrefs-20499-8712.htm">Archived</a> 19 January 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://results.aec.gov.au/20499/Website/SenatePollingPlaceFirstPrefs-20499-34176.htm">Home Island PPVC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180119235147/http://results.aec.gov.au/20499/Website/SenatePollingPlaceFirstPrefs-20499-34176.htm">Archived</a> 19 January 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://results.aec.gov.au/20499/Website/SenatePollingPlaceFirstPrefs-20499-8736.htm">West Island</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180119235120/http://results.aec.gov.au/20499/Website/SenatePollingPlaceFirstPrefs-20499-8736.htm">Archived</a> 19 January 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-AEC-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AEC_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aec.gov.au/profiles/nt/lingiari.htm">"Profile of the electoral division of Lingiari (NT)"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Profile+of+the+electoral+division+of+Lingiari+%28NT%29&rft.pub=Australian+Electoral+Commission&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aec.gov.au%2Fprofiles%2Fnt%2Flingiari.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160301003400/http://defence.gov.au/WhitePaper/Docs/2016-Defence-White-Paper.pdf">"2016 Defence White Paper (para. 4.66)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>defence.gov.au</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=defence.gov.au&rft.atitle=2016+Defence+White+Paper+%28para.+4.66%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdefence.gov.au%2Fwhitepaper%2FDocs%2F2016-Defence-White-Paper.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-01-16/adf-cocos-keeling-islands-384m-runway-cost-blowout-delay/101854906">"$384m cost blowout on ADF plan to upgrade airstrip, boost military presence on Cocos (Keeling) Islands"</a>. <i>ABC</i>. 15 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC&rft.atitle=%24384m+cost+blowout+on+ADF+plan+to+upgrade+airstrip%2C+boost+military+presence+on+Cocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands&rft.date=2023-01-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2023-01-16%2Fadf-cocos-keeling-islands-384m-runway-cost-blowout-delay%2F101854906&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLayton2023" class="citation web cs1">Layton, Peter (29 June 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.griffith.edu.au/asiainsights/australian-defences-forgotten-indian-ocean-territories/">"Australian Defence's Forgotten Indian Ocean Territories"</a>. <i>Griffith Asia Insights</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Griffith+Asia+Insights&rft.atitle=Australian+Defence%27s+Forgotten+Indian+Ocean+Territories&rft.date=2023-06-29&rft.aulast=Layton&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.griffith.edu.au%2Fasiainsights%2Faustralian-defences-forgotten-indian-ocean-territories%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.defence.gov.au/operations/resolute">"Operation Resolute"</a>. <i>Australian Government - Defence</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Australian+Government+-+Defence&rft.atitle=Operation+Resolute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.defence.gov.au%2Foperations%2Fresolute&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.skynews.com.au/australia-news/politics/third-asylum-seeker-boat-intercepted/video/97e609e4f60c961fdb0b2880dcf9cf2c">"Third asylum seeker boat intercepted"</a>. <i>Sky News</i>. 14 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sky+News&rft.atitle=Third+asylum+seeker+boat+intercepted&rft.date=2022-06-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.skynews.com.au%2Faustralia-news%2Fpolitics%2Fthird-asylum-seeker-boat-intercepted%2Fvideo%2F97e609e4f60c961fdb0b2880dcf9cf2c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.navy.gov.au/fleet/ships-boats-craft/future/opv">"Arafura Class OPV"</a>. <i>Royal Australian Navy</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Royal+Australian+Navy&rft.atitle=Arafura+Class+OPV&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.navy.gov.au%2Ffleet%2Fships-boats-craft%2Ffuture%2Fopv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson2016" class="citation news cs1">Jackson, Belinda (4 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.traveller.com.au/cossies-beach-wa-brad-farmers-best-beach-in-australia-in-2017-gt354u">"Cossies Beach, Cocos (Keeling) Islands: Beach expert Brad Farmer names Australia's best beach 2017"</a>. <i>traveller.com.au</i>. <a href="/wiki/Fairfax_Media" title="Fairfax Media">Fairfax Media</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161203155158/http://www.traveller.com.au/cossies-beach-wa-brad-farmers-best-beach-in-australia-in-2017-gt354u">Archived</a> from the original on 3 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Cocos+Islands+international+airport+runway+doubles+as+part+of+local+golf+course&rft.date=2019-06-22&rft.aulast=Wynne&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2019-06-23%2Fcocos-islands-golf-course-on-international-runway%2F11222500&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maj-General J. T. Durrant (SA Air Force, Commanding Officer, Cocos Islands), watched by Wing Commander "Sandy" Webster (Commanding Officer, 99 Squadron), Squadron Leader Les Evans (Acting Commanding Officer, 356 Squadron) and Lieutenant Commander W. van Prooijen (Commanding Officer, 321 Squadron).</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/copyright-and-contributors/">public domain material</a> from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/"><i>The World Factbook</i></a> (2024 ed.). <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.edition=2024&rft.pub=CIA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/archives/download/factbook-2003.zip">(Archived 2003 edition.)</a></li> <li>Clunies-Ross, John Cecil; Souter, Gavin. <i>The Clunies-Ross Cocos Chronicle</i>, Self, Perth 2009, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780980586718" title="Special:BookSources/9780980586718">9780980586718</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGrath2019" class="citation book cs1">McGrath, Tony (2019). <i>In Tropical Skies: A History of Aviation to Christmas Island and Cocos (Keeling) Islands</i>. Carlisle, WA: Hesperian Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780859057561" title="Special:BookSources/9780859057561"><bdi>9780859057561</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+Tropical+Skies%3A+A+History+of+Aviation+to+Christmas+Island+and+Cocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands&rft.place=Carlisle%2C+WA&rft.pub=Hesperian+Press&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9780859057561&rft.aulast=McGrath&rft.aufirst=Tony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands#Q36004" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shire.cc/">Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands homepage</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090327011339/http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/duffy/arb/497-508/505.pdf">Areas of individual islets</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070614165334/http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/duffy/arb/399-414/403.pdf">Atoll Research Bulletin vol. 403</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cocoskeelingislands.com.au/">Cocos (Keeling) Islands Tourism website</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Keeling Islands"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Keeling_Islands">"Keeling Islands" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 712.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Keeling+Islands&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=712&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocos+%28Keeling%29+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.awm.gov.au/journal/j34/cocosmutiny.htm">Noel Crusz, <i>The Cocos Islands mutiny</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010911184409/https://www.awm.gov.au/journal/j34/cocosmutiny.htm">Archived</a> 11 September 2001 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, reviewed by Peter Stanley (Principal Historian, Australian War Memorial).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/6730047.stm">The man who lost a "coral kingdom"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dxnews.com/vk9ec_cocos_keeling/">Amateur Radio DX Pedition to Cocos (Keeling) Islands VK9EC</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:States_and_territories_of_Australia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:States and territories of Australia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="States_and_territories_of_Australia_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Australia&#124;link=Australia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Australia" title="States and territories of Australia">States and territories of Australia</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales">New South Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Australia" title="South Australia">South Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_(state)" title="Victoria (state)">Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Australia_states_and_territories_labelled.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Australia_states_and_territories_labelled.svg/130px-Australia_states_and_territories_labelled.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Australia_states_and_territories_labelled.svg/195px-Australia_states_and_territories_labelled.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Australia_states_and_territories_labelled.svg/260px-Australia_states_and_territories_labelled.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="791" data-file-height="790" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Internal<br />territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Capital_Territory" title="Australian Capital Territory">Australian Capital Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jervis_Bay_Territory" title="Jervis Bay Territory">Jervis Bay Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Territory" title="Northern Territory">Northern Territory</a><br /><b>Defunct</b>: <a href="/wiki/Central_Australia_(territory)" title="Central Australia (territory)">Central Australia</a> (1927–31)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Australia_(territory)" class="mw-redirect" title="North Australia (territory)">North Australia</a> (1927–31)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">External<br />territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashmore_and_Cartier_Islands" title="Ashmore and Cartier Islands">Ashmore and Cartier Islands</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Australian_Antarctic_Territory" title="Australian Antarctic Territory">Australian Antarctic Territory</a></i><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coral_Sea_Islands" title="Coral Sea Islands">Coral Sea Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heard_Island_and_McDonald_Islands" title="Heard Island and McDonald Islands">Heard Island and McDonald Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island" title="Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a><br /><b>Defunct</b>: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Nauru#World_War_I_to_World_War_II" title="History of Nauru">Nauru</a> (1920–68)<sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territory_of_New_Guinea" title="Territory of New Guinea">New Guinea</a> (1920–49)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territory_of_Papua" title="Territory of Papua">Papua</a> (1902–49)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territory_of_Papua_and_New_Guinea" title="Territory of Papua and New Guinea">Papua and New Guinea</a> (1949–75)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Indian_Ocean_Territories" title="Australian Indian Ocean Territories">Indian Ocean Territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>(<b>1</b>) Sovereignty recognised only by <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>.<br />(<b>2</b>) Co-mandate with New Zealand and the United Kingdom.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Politics_of_Australian_states_and_territories" style="text-align:left;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Australia_by_state" title="Template:Politics of Australia by state"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Australia_by_state" title="Template talk:Politics of Australia by state"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Australia_by_state" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Australia by state"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Politics_of_Australian_states_and_territories" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Australia" title="Politics of Australia">Politics of Australian</a> states and territories</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right; vertical-align:top;">States and mainland<br />territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_New_South_Wales" title="Politics of New South Wales">New South Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Victoria_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Victoria (state)">Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Queensland" title="Politics of Queensland">Queensland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Western_Australia" title="Politics of Western Australia">Western Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_South_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of South Australia">South Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Tasmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Tasmania">Tasmania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politics_of_the_Australian_Capital_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Politics of the Australian Capital Territory (page does not exist)">Australian Capital Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Northern_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of the Northern Territory">Northern Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Jervis_Bay_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of the Jervis Bay Territory">Jervis Bay Territory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right; vertical-align:top;">External territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Ashmore_and_Cartier_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of the Ashmore and Cartier Islands">Ashmore and Cartier Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Australian_Antarctic_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of the Australian Antarctic Territory">Australian Antarctic Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Christmas_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Coral_Sea_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of the Coral Sea Islands">Coral Sea Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Heard_Island_and_McDonald_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of the Heard Island and McDonald Islands">Heard Island and McDonald Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Norfolk_Island" title="Politics of Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Asia-related_links" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Asia-related_links" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Asia-related links</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Geography_of_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Geography_of_Asia" title="Template:Geography of Asia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Geography_of_Asia" title="Template talk:Geography of Asia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Geography_of_Asia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Geography of Asia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Geography_of_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Asia" title="Geography of Asia">Geography of Asia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Afghanistan" title="Geography of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Armenia" title="Geography of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Azerbaijan" title="Geography of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Bahrain" title="Geography of Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Bangladesh" title="Geography of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Bhutan" title="Geography of Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Brunei" title="Geography of Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Cambodia" title="Geography of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_China" title="Geography of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Cyprus" title="Geography of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_East_Timor" title="Geography of East Timor">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Egypt" title="Geography of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Geography of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_India" title="Geography of India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Indonesia" title="Geography of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Iran" title="Geography of Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Iraq" title="Geography of Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Israel" title="Geography of Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Japan" title="Geography of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Jordan" title="Geography of Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Kazakhstan" title="Geography of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_North_Korea" title="Geography of North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_South_Korea" title="Geography of South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Kuwait" title="Geography of Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Kyrgyzstan" title="Geography of Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Laos" title="Geography of Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Lebanon" title="Geography of Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Malaysia" title="Geography of Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Maldives" title="Geography of the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Mongolia" title="Geography of Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Myanmar" title="Geography of Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Nepal" title="Geography of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Oman" title="Geography of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Pakistan" title="Geography of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Philippines" title="Geography of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Qatar" title="Geography of Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Russia" title="Geography of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Geography of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Singapore" title="Geography of Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Geography of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Syria" title="Geography of Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Tajikistan" title="Geography of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Thailand" title="Geography of Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Turkey" title="Geography of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Turkmenistan" title="Geography of Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Geography of the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Uzbekistan" title="Geography of Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Vietnam" title="Geography of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Yemen" title="Geography of Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Abkhazia" title="Geography of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_State_of_Palestine" title="Geography of the State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_South_Ossetia" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Taiwan" title="Geography of Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="Geography of the British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Christmas_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Hong_Kong" title="Geography of Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Macau" title="Geography of Macau">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Asia" title="Category:Asia">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Islands_of_Singapore" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Islands_of_Singapore" title="Template:Islands of Singapore"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Islands_of_Singapore" title="Template talk:Islands of Singapore"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Islands_of_Singapore" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Islands of Singapore"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Islands_of_Singapore" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Singapore" title="List of islands of Singapore">Islands of</a> <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Natural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pedra_Branca,_Singapore" title="Pedra Branca, Singapore">Pedra Branca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Anak_Bukom" title="Pulau Anak Bukom">Pulau Anak Bukom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Bajau" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulau Bajau">Pulau Bajau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Berkas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Berkas (page does not exist)">Pulau Berkas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biola_(island)" class="mw-redirect" title="Biola (island)">Pulau Biola</a> (<a href="/wiki/Violin_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Violin Island">Violin Island</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Brani" title="Pulau Brani">Pulau Brani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Buaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Buaya (page does not exist)">Pulau Buaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Bukom" title="Pulau Bukom">Pulau Bukom</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pulau_Bukum" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulau Bukum">Pulau Bukum</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Bukom_Kechil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Bukom Kechil (page does not exist)">Pulau Bukom Kechil</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Bukum_Kechil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Bukum Kechil (page does not exist)">Pulau Bukum Kechil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Buloh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Buloh (page does not exist)">Pulau Buloh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Busing" title="Pulau Busing">Pulau Busing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Damar_Laut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Damar Laut (page does not exist)">Pulau Damar Laut</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Damien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Damien (page does not exist)">Pulau Damien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Hantu" title="Pulau Hantu">Pulau Hantu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ghost_Island,_Singapore" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghost Island, Singapore">Ghost Island</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Jong" title="Pulau Jong">Pulau Jong</a> (Junk Island)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keppel_Island,_Singapore" title="Keppel Island, Singapore">Pulau Keppel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Ketam,_Singapore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Ketam, Singapore (page does not exist)">Pulau Ketam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Khatib_Bongsu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Khatib Bongsu (page does not exist)">Pulau Khatib Bongsu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Malang_Siajar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Malang Siajar (page does not exist)">Pulau Malang Siajar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Palawan" title="Pulau Palawan">Pulau Palawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Pawai" title="Pulau Pawai">Pulau Pawai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Pergam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Pergam (page does not exist)">Pulau Pergam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Renggis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Renggis (page does not exist)">Pulau Renggis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_John%27s_Island" title="Saint John's Island">Pulau Sakijang Bendera (St. John's Island)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazarus_Island" title="Lazarus Island">Pulau Sakijang Pelepah (Lazarus Island)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Salu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Salu (page does not exist)">Pulau Salu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Samulun" title="Pulau Samulun">Pulau Samulun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Sarimbun" title="Pulau Sarimbun">Pulau Sarimbun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Satumu" title="Pulau Satumu">Pulau Satumu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Raffles_Lighthouse" title="Raffles Lighthouse">One Tree Island</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Sebarok&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Sebarok (page does not exist)">Pulau Sebarok</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_Island,_Singapore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middle Island, Singapore (page does not exist)">Middle Island</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Seletar" title="Pulau Seletar">Pulau Seletar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Semakau" title="Pulau Semakau">Pulau Semakau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Senang" title="Pulau Senang">Pulau Senang</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pulau_Senang" title="Pulau Senang">Barn Island</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Sekudu" title="Pulau Sekudu">Pulau Sekudu (Frog Island</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Selugu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Selugu (page does not exist)">Pulau Selugu</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarong_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarong Island (page does not exist)">Sarong Island</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Serangoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulau Serangoon">Pulau Serangoon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Coney_Island,_Singapore" title="Coney Island, Singapore">Coney Island</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Seringat" title="Pulau Seringat">Pulau Seringat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Seringat_Kechil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Seringat Kechil (page does not exist)">Pulau Seringat Kechil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Subar_Darat" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulau Subar Darat">Pulau Subar Darat</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sisters%27_Islands" title="Sisters' Islands">Sisters' Islands</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Subar_Laut" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulau Subar Laut">Pulau Subar Laut</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sisters%27_Islands" title="Sisters' Islands">Sisters' Islands</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Sudong" title="Pulau Sudong">Pulau Sudong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Tekong" title="Pulau Tekong">Pulau Tekong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Tekukor" title="Pulau Tekukor">Pulau Tekukor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Tembakul" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulau Tembakul">Pulau Tembakul</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kusu_Island" title="Kusu Island">Kusu Island</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peak_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Peak Island">Peak Island</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Ubin" title="Pulau Ubin">Pulau Ubin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Ular" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulau Ular">Pulau Ular</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Unum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Unum (page does not exist)">Pulau Unum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentosa" title="Sentosa">Sentosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_Island" title="Singapore Island">Singapore Island (Pulau Ujong)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultan_Shoal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sultan Shoal (page does not exist)">Sultan Shoal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artificial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Garden,_Singapore" title="Chinese Garden, Singapore">Chinese Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coral_Island,_Singapore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coral Island, Singapore (page does not exist)">Coral Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dragonfly_Island,_Singapore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dragonfly Island, Singapore (page does not exist)">Dragonfly Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Garden,_Singapore" title="Japanese Garden, Singapore">Japanese Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jurong_Island" title="Jurong Island">Jurong Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kias_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kias Island (page does not exist)">Kias Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nibong_Island,_Singapore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nibong Island, Singapore (page does not exist)">Nibong Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paradise_Island,_Singapore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paradise Island, Singapore (page does not exist)">Paradise Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pearl_Island_(Singapore)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pearl Island (Singapore) (page does not exist)">Pearl Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Punggol_Barat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Punggol Barat (page does not exist)">Pulau Punggol Barat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Punggol_Timor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Punggol Timor (page does not exist)">Pulau Punggol Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sandy_Island,_Singapore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sandy Island, Singapore (page does not exist)">Sandy Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treasure_Island,_Singapore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treasure Island, Singapore (page does not exist)">Treasure Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anak_Pulau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anak Pulau (page does not exist)">Anak Pulau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berhala_Reping&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berhala Reping (page does not exist)">Berhala Reping</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buran_Darat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buran Darat (page does not exist)">Buran Darat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Ayer_Chawan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Ayer Chawan (page does not exist)">Pulau Ayer Chawan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Ayer_Merbau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Ayer Merbau (page does not exist)">Pulau Ayer Merbau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Bakau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Bakau (page does not exist)">Pulau Bakau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Merlimau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Merlimau (page does not exist)">Pulau Merlimau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Mesemut_Darat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Mesemut Darat (page does not exist)">Pulau Mesemut Darat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Mesemut_Laut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Mesemut Laut (page does not exist)">Pulau Mesemut Laut</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Meskol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Meskol (page does not exist)">Pulau Meskol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Pesek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Pesek (page does not exist)">Pulau Pesek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Pesek_Kecil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Pesek Kecil (page does not exist)">Pulau Pesek Kecil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Saigon" title="Pulau Saigon">Pulau Saigon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Sejahat" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulau Sejahat">Pulau Sejahat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Sejahat_Kechil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Sejahat Kechil (page does not exist)">Pulau Sejahat Kechil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Sakra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Sakra (page does not exist)">Pulau Sakra</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Sanyongkong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Sanyongkong (page does not exist)">Pulau Sanyongkong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Semechek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Semechek (page does not exist)">Pulau Semechek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulau_Seraya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulau Seraya (page does not exist)">Pulau Seraya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Tekong_Kechil" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulau Tekong Kechil">Pulau Tekong Kechil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Terumbu_Retan_Laut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terumbu Retan Laut (page does not exist)">Terumbu Retan Laut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_territories_in_Southeast_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Countries_and_territories_of_Southeast_Asia" title="Template:Countries and territories of Southeast Asia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Countries_and_territories_of_Southeast_Asia" title="Template talk:Countries and territories of Southeast Asia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Countries_and_territories_of_Southeast_Asia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Countries and territories of Southeast Asia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_and_territories_in_Southeast_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Countries and territories in <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Asia" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent<br />territories</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Climate_of_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topic" title="Template talk:Asia topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asia_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Climate_of_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Asia" title="Climate of Asia">Climate of Asia </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Afghanistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Armenia" title="Climate of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Azerbaijan" title="Climate of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Bahrain" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Bhutan" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Brunei" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_China" title="Climate of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Cyprus" title="Climate of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of East Timor">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Egypt" title="Climate of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_India" title="Climate of India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Indonesia" title="Climate of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Japan" title="Climate of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Jordan" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_North_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Kuwait" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Kyrgyzstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Laos" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Lebanon" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Maldives" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Mongolia" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Myanmar" title="Climate of Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Nepal" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Oman" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Pakistan" title="Climate of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Philippines" title="Climate of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Qatar" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Russia" title="Climate of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Climate of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Singapore" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Tajikistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Thailand" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Turkey" title="Climate of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Turkmenistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Uzbekistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Vietnam" title="Climate of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Abkhazia" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_State_of_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_South_Ossetia" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Christmas_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Macau">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Asia" title="Category:Asia">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Language-related_links" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Language-related_links" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Language-related links</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="English-speaking_world" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:English_official_language_clickable_map" title="Template:English official language clickable map"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:English_official_language_clickable_map" title="Template talk:English official language clickable map"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:English_official_language_clickable_map" title="Special:EditPage/Template:English official language clickable map"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="English-speaking_world" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/English_language#Geographical_distribution" title="English language">English-speaking world</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><figure class="mw-halign-center noresize mw-ext-imagemap-desc-bottom-right" typeof="mw:File"><span title="English speaking countries"><img alt="English speaking countries" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Anglophone_World.svg/600px-Anglophone_World.svg.png" decoding="async" width="600" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Anglophone_World.svg/900px-Anglophone_World.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Anglophone_World.svg/1200px-Anglophone_World.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="974" resource="/wiki/File:Anglophone_World.svg" /></span><figcaption>English speaking countries</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Further_links" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Further links</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em">Articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English-speaking_world" title="English-speaking world">English-speaking world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_English_language" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the English language">History of the English language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_in_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="English in the Commonwealth of Nations">English in the Commonwealth of Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglosphere" title="Anglosphere">Anglosphere</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;text-align:left;color:darkblue;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_English-speaking_population" title="List of countries by English-speaking population">List of countries by English-speaking population</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_where_English_is_an_official_language" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries where English is an official language">List of countries where English is an official language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:blue;"><span style="padding-left:1.0em;"> </span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="*_Countries_and_territories_where_English_is_the_national_language_or_the_native_language_of_the_majority"> <ul><li><b>Countries and territories where English is the national language or the native language of the majority</b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Africa" title="Languages of Africa">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anglo-America" title="Anglo-America">Americas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">The Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saba_(island)" title="Saba (island)">Saba</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sint_Eustatius" title="Sint Eustatius">Sint Eustatius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sint_Maarten" title="Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="United States Virgin Islands">United States Virgin Islands</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/English_language_in_Europe" title="English language in Europe">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Guernsey" title="Guernsey">Guernsey</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Oceania" title="Languages of Oceania">Oceania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island" title="Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightblue;"><span style="padding-left:1.0em;"> </span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="*_Countries_and_territories_where_English_is_an_official_language,_but_not_the_majority_first_language"> <ul><li><b>Countries and territories where English is an official language, but not the majority first language</b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Asia" title="Languages of Asia">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tokelau" title="Tokelau">Tokelau</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a 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aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36004#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36004#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36004#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/126087382">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1221980/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJmhMJCGqdcGTHtxGqFR8C">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4298716-7">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82131268">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb153632090">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb153632090">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00628484">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Kokosové ostrovy"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge754648&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007559862605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/3df32a28-e4b2-3c27-a85e-328e3f978bc5">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/33cf6c2b-7e1a-4b3d-baa0-a9f3a9ab834b">KulturNav</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/631113">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/SaS5tYQb">UK Parliament</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044551">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&params=12_07_03_S_96_53_42_E_region:CC"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">12°07′03″S</span> <span class="longitude">96°53′42″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">12.11750°S 96.89500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-12.11750; 96.89500</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img 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