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models</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: animal models"> <meta name="keywords" content="animal models"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="animal models"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 7745</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: animal models</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7745</span> Animal Modes of Surgical or Other External Causes of Trauma Wound Infection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ojoniyi%20Oluwafeyekikunmi%20Okiki">Ojoniyi Oluwafeyekikunmi Okiki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Notwithstanding advances in disturbing wound care and control, infections remain a main motive of mortality, morbidity, and financial disruption in tens of millions of wound sufferers around the sector. Animal models have become popular gear for analyzing a big selection of outside worrying wound infections and trying out new antimicrobial techniques. This evaluation covers experimental infections in animal models of surgical wounds, pores and skin abrasions, burns, lacerations, excisional wounds, and open fractures. Animal modes of external stressful wound infections stated via extraordinary investigators vary in animal species used, microorganism traces, the quantity of microorganisms carried out, the dimensions of the wounds, and, for burn infections, the period of time the heated object or liquid is in contact with the skin. As antibiotic resistance continues to grow, new antimicrobial procedures are urgently needed. Those have to be examined using popular protocols for infections in external stressful wounds in animal models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgical%20wounds" title="surgical wounds">surgical wounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animals" title=" animals"> animals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wound%20infections" title=" wound infections"> wound infections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=burns" title=" burns"> burns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wound%20models" title=" wound models"> wound models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colony-forming%20gadgets" title=" colony-forming gadgets"> colony-forming gadgets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lacerated%20wounds" title=" lacerated wounds"> lacerated wounds</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193921/animal-modes-of-surgical-or-other-external-causes-of-trauma-wound-infection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193921.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">8</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7744</span> Economics of Household Expenditure Pattern on Animal Products in Bauchi Metropolis, Bauchi State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Hamidu">B. Hamidu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Abdulhamid"> A. Abdulhamid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Mohammed"> S. Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Idi"> S. Idi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examined the household expenditure pattern on animal products in Bauchi metropolis. A cross-sectional data were collected from 157 households using systematic sampling technique. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation and regression models. The results reveal that the mean age, mean household size, mean monthly income and mean total expenditure on animal products were found to be 39 years, 7 persons, N28,749 and N1,740 respectively. It was also found that household monthly income, number of children and educational level of the household heads (P<0.01) significantly influence the level of household expenditure on animal products. Similarly, income was found to be the most important factor determining the proportion of total expenditure on animal products (20.91%). Income elasticity was found to be 0.66 indicating that for every 1% increase in income, expenditure on animal products would increase by 0.66%. Furthermore, beef was found to be the most preferred (54.83%) and most regularly consumed (61.84%) animal products. However, it was discovered that the major constraints affecting the consumption of animal products were low-income level of the households (29.85%), high cost of animal products (15.82%) and increase in prices of necessities (15.82%). Therefore to improve household expenditure on animal products per capita real income of the households should be improved through creation of employment opportunities. Also stabilization of market prices of animal products and other foods items of necessities through increased production are recommended. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20products" title="animal products">animal products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economics" title=" economics"> economics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expenditure" title=" expenditure"> expenditure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=households" title=" households"> households</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45699/economics-of-household-expenditure-pattern-on-animal-products-in-bauchi-metropolis-bauchi-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45699.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7743</span> Grading Histopathology Features of Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Animal Models; A Systematic Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hami%20Ashraf">Hami Ashraf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farid%20Kosari"> Farid Kosari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a common complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Histopathological examination of affected tissues is an essential tool for diagnosing and grading GvHD in animal models, which are used to study disease mechanisms and evaluate new therapies. In this systematic review, we identified and analyzed original research articles in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar that described grading systems for GvHD in animal models based on histopathological features. We found that several grading systems have been developed, which vary in the tissues and criteria they assess, the severity scoring scales they use, and the level of detail they provide. Skin, liver, and gut are the most commonly evaluated tissues, but lung and thymus are also included in some systems. Our analysis highlights the need for standardized criteria and consistent use of grading systems to enable comparisons between studies and facilitate the translation of preclinical findings to clinical practice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graft-versus-host%20disease" title="graft-versus-host disease">graft-versus-host disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GvHD" title=" GvHD"> GvHD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20model" title=" animal model"> animal model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histopathology" title=" histopathology"> histopathology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grading%20system" title=" grading system"> grading system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176285/grading-histopathology-features-of-graft-versus-host-disease-in-animal-models-a-systematic-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176285.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">64</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7742</span> Animal Welfare Assessment Method through Stockmanship Competence: The Context of Backyard Goat Production in the Philippines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20J.%20Alcedo">M. J. Alcedo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Ito"> K. Ito</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Maeda"> K. Maeda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Measuring animal welfare is a newly emerging area of research and it needs multi-disciplinary way to do it. Due to the diversity of what constitutes the definition of animal welfare, different methods and models were developed and mostly conducted in semi and commercial farms in developed countries. Few studies have been conducted in developing countries and in backyard livestock operation. Recognizing that majority of livestock operations are categorized as backyard in developing countries, it is crucial to come up with parameters that can assess the welfare of the animal in the backyard level. This research had made use of stockmanship competence as the proxy indicator to assess animal welfare. Stockmanship competence in this study refers to the capacity of the animal owner to ensure the welfare of their animal by providing their needs for growth and reproduction. The Philippine recommend on goat production, tips on goat raising and goat scientific literatures were used as references to come up with indicators that are known to be important in meeting the needs of the animal and ensuring its welfare. Scores from -1 to +2 were assigned depending on how close it is of satisfying the animal’s need. It is hoped that this assessment method could contribute to the growing body of knowledge on animal welfare and can be utilized as logical and scientific framework in assessing welfare in backyard goat operation. It is suggested that further study needs to be conducted to refine and standardize indicators and identify other indicators for goat welfare assessment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=backyard%20goat%20production" title="backyard goat production">backyard goat production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stockmanship%20competence" title=" stockmanship competence"> stockmanship competence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20welfare" title=" animal welfare"> animal welfare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philippines" title=" Philippines"> Philippines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11157/animal-welfare-assessment-method-through-stockmanship-competence-the-context-of-backyard-goat-production-in-the-philippines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11157.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7741</span> An Interaction between Human and Animal through the Death Experience</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mindaugas%20Kazlauskas">Mindaugas Kazlauskas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, it is presupposed that the description of the relationship between animal and human should begin with a description of the direct experience of the animal and how, in this experience, the human experiences itself (a self awareness mode). A human is concerned first and foremost with himself as a human through the experience of another as an animal. The questionsare: In the encounter with an animal, how is the animal constituted in the acts of human experience? How does human-animal interaction influence human behavioral patterns, and how does the human identifies itself in this interaction? The paper will present the results of interpretative phenomenological descriptions (IPA) of the relationship between human and animal in the face of death phenomenon through the experience of pet owners who lost their beloved companions and hunters, veterinatians, and farmers who face animal death. The results of IPA analysis reveal different relations such as the identification with an animal, the alienation experience, the experience of resistance, and an experience of detachment. Within these themes, IPA qualitative research results will be presented by highlighting patterns of human behavior, following Friedrich Schlachermacher's hermeneutics methodological principles, and reflecting on changes in value and attitude within society during daily interaction with the animal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20human%20interaction" title="animal human interaction">animal human interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenomenology" title=" phenomenology"> phenomenology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=philosophy" title=" philosophy"> philosophy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=death%20phenomenon" title=" death phenomenon"> death phenomenon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150335/an-interaction-between-human-and-animal-through-the-death-experience" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150335.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7740</span> The Application of Animal Welfare for Slaughterhouses in Bali Island</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Budi%20B.%20Leksono">Budi B. Leksono</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustopa"> Mustopa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to determine the application of animal welfare at slaughterhouses in Bali island. The method used is purposive sampling. This study conducted by two slaughterhouses are in Denpasar districts and Badung districts in the Bali island. The result shows the percentage the application of animal welfare when the animal unloading the truck to shelter animal in the Denpasar slaughterhouse is 73.19%, whereas in Badung slaughterhouses are 63.04%. Percentage of the application of animal welfare when shelter animal to slaughter in the Denpasar slaughterhouses is 52.93%, whereas in Badung slaughterhouses are 75.96%. Based on these results, we can conclude that the slaughterhouses in the Bali island has been applying the principles of animal welfare, but needs to increase some aspects of animal welfare. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20welfare" title="animal welfare">animal welfare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bandung%20slaughterhouses" title=" Bandung slaughterhouses"> Bandung slaughterhouses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bali%20Island" title=" Bali Island"> Bali Island</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denpasar%20slaughterhouses" title=" Denpasar slaughterhouses"> Denpasar slaughterhouses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58662/the-application-of-animal-welfare-for-slaughterhouses-in-bali-island" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58662.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">260</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7739</span> Hidden Markov Movement Modelling with Irregular Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victoria%20Goodall">Victoria Goodall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Fatti"> Paul Fatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norman%20Owen-Smith"> Norman Owen-Smith</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hidden Markov Models have become popular for the analysis of animal tracking data. These models are being used to model the movements of a variety of species in many areas around the world. A common assumption of the model is that the observations need to have regular time steps. In many ecological studies, this will not be the case. The objective of the research is to modify the movement model to allow for irregularly spaced locations and investigate the effect on the inferences which can be made about the latent states. A modification of the likelihood function to allow for these irregular spaced locations is investigated, without using interpolation or averaging the movement rate. The suitability of the modification is investigated using GPS tracking data for lion (Panthera leo) in South Africa, with many observations obtained during the night, and few observations during the day. Many nocturnal predator tracking studies are set up in this way, to obtain many locations at night when the animal is most active and is difficult to observe. Few observations are obtained during the day, when the animal is expected to rest and is potentially easier to observe. Modifying the likelihood function allows the popular Hidden Markov Model framework to be used to model these irregular spaced locations, making use of all the observed data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hidden%20Markov%20Models" title="hidden Markov Models">hidden Markov Models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irregular%20observations" title=" irregular observations"> irregular observations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20movement%20modelling" title=" animal movement modelling"> animal movement modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nocturnal%20predator" title=" nocturnal predator"> nocturnal predator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56744/hidden-markov-movement-modelling-with-irregular-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56744.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7738</span> The Research of Effectiveness of Animal Protection Act Implementation Reducing Animal Abuse</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu%20Ling%20Chang">Yu Ling Chang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the United Nations announced Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, people are paying more and more attention to the value of lives. On the other hand, life education is being vigorously pushed in different countries. Unfortunately, the results have been only moderately successful by reason that the concept is not implemented in everyone’s daily life. Even worse, animal abuse and killing events keep happening. This research is focused on generalizing a conclusion from different countries’ Animal Protection Act and actual execution by case studies, in order to make an approach of whether the number of animal abuse is directly influenced by different laws and regimes or not. It concludes the central notion and spirit of Animal Protection Act in German, Japan, and Taiwan. Providing the reference of specific schemes and analysis based on Taiwanese social culture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20abuse" title="animal abuse">animal abuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Animal%20Management%20Act" title=" Animal Management Act"> Animal Management Act</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Animal%20Protection%20Act" title=" Animal Protection Act"> Animal Protection Act</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20culture" title=" social culture"> social culture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74498/the-research-of-effectiveness-of-animal-protection-act-implementation-reducing-animal-abuse" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74498.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">214</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7737</span> Stochastic Programming and C-Somga: Animal Ration Formulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pratiksha%20Saxena">Pratiksha Saxena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dipti%20Singh"> Dipti Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neha%20Khanna"> Neha Khanna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A self-organizing migrating genetic algorithm(C-SOMGA) is developed for animal diet formulation. This paper presents animal diet formulation using stochastic and genetic algorithm. Tri-objective models for cost minimization and shelf life maximization are developed. These objectives are achieved by combination of stochastic programming and C-SOMGA. Stochastic programming is used to introduce nutrient variability for animal diet. Self-organizing migrating genetic algorithm provides exact and quick solution and presents an innovative approach towards successful application of soft computing technique in the area of animal diet formulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20feed%20ration" title="animal feed ration">animal feed ration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20formulation" title=" feed formulation"> feed formulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20programming" title=" linear programming"> linear programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20programming" title=" stochastic programming"> stochastic programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-migrating%20genetic%20algorithm" title=" self-migrating genetic algorithm"> self-migrating genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C-SOMGA%20technique" title=" C-SOMGA technique"> C-SOMGA technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shelf%20life%20maximization" title=" shelf life maximization"> shelf life maximization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20minimization" title=" cost minimization"> cost minimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrient%20maximization" title=" nutrient maximization"> nutrient maximization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35795/stochastic-programming-and-c-somga-animal-ration-formulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35795.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">442</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7736</span> The Confounding Role of Graft-versus-Host Disease in Animal Models of Cancer Immunotherapy: A Systematic Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hami%20Ashraf">Hami Ashraf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Heydarnejad"> Mohammad Heydarnejad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The landscape of cancer treatment has been revolutionized by immunotherapy, offering novel therapeutic avenues for diverse cancer types. Animal models play a pivotal role in the development and elucidation of these therapeutic modalities. Nevertheless, the manifestation of Graft-versus-Host Disease (GVHD) in such models poses significant challenges, muddling the interpretation of experimental data within the ambit of cancer immunotherapy. This study is dedicated to scrutinizing the role of GVHD as a confounding factor in animal models used for cancer immunotherapy, alongside proposing viable strategies to mitigate this complication. Method: Employing a systematic review framework, this study undertakes a comprehensive literature survey including academic journals in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases and conference proceedings to collate pertinent research that delves into the impact of GVHD on animal models in cancer immunotherapy. The acquired studies undergo rigorous analysis and synthesis, aiming to assess the influence of GVHD on experimental results while identifying strategies to alleviate its confounding effects. Results: Findings indicate that GVHD incidence significantly skews the reliability and applicability of experimental outcomes, occasionally leading to erroneous interpretations. The literature surveyed also sheds light on various methodologies under exploration to counteract the GVHD dilemma, thereby bolstering the experimental integrity in this domain. Conclusion: GVHD's presence critically affects both the interpretation and validity of experimental findings, underscoring the imperative for strategies to curtail its confounding impacts. Current research endeavors are oriented towards devising solutions to this issue, aiming to augment the dependability and pertinence of experimental results. It is incumbent upon researchers to diligently consider and adjust for GVHD's effects, thereby enhancing the translational potential of animal model findings to clinical applications and propelling progress in the arena of cancer immunotherapy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graft-versus-host%20disease" title="graft-versus-host disease">graft-versus-host disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20immunotherapy" title=" cancer immunotherapy"> cancer immunotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20models" title=" animal models"> animal models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preclinical%20model" title=" preclinical model"> preclinical model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176283/the-confounding-role-of-graft-versus-host-disease-in-animal-models-of-cancer-immunotherapy-a-systematic-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176283.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">51</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7735</span> Epigenetic Drugs for Major Depressive Disorder: A Critical Appraisal of Available Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aniket%20Kumar">Aniket Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jacob%20Peedicayil"> Jacob Peedicayil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and important psychiatric disorder. Several clinical features of MDD suggest an epigenetic basis for its pathogenesis. Since epigenetics (heritable changes in gene expression not involving changes in DNA sequence) may underlie the pathogenesis of MDD, epigenetic drugs such as DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) and histone deactylase inhibitors (HDACi) may be useful for treating MDD. The available literature indexed in Pubmed on preclinical drug trials of epigenetic drugs for the treatment of MDD was investigated. The search terms we used were ‘depression’ or ‘depressive’ and ‘HDACi’ or ‘DNMTi’. Among epigenetic drugs, it was found that there were 3 preclinical trials using HDACi and 3 using DNMTi for the treatment of MDD. All the trials were conducted on rodents (mice or rats). The animal models of depression that were used were: learned helplessness-induced animal model, forced swim test, open field test, and the tail suspension test. One study used a genetic rat model of depression (the Flinders Sensitive Line). The HDACi that were tested were: sodium butyrate, compound 60 (Cpd-60), and valproic acid. The DNMTi that were tested were: 5-azacytidine and decitabine. Among the three preclinical trials using HDACi, all showed an antidepressant effect in animal models of depression. Among the 3 preclinical trials using DNMTi also, all showed an antidepressant effect in animal models of depression. Thus, epigenetic drugs, namely, HDACi and DNMTi, may prove to be useful in the treatment of MDD and merit further investigation for the treatment of this disorder. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20methylation" title="DNA methylation">DNA methylation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20discovery" title=" drug discovery"> drug discovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epigenetics" title=" epigenetics"> epigenetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=major%20depressive%20disorder" title=" major depressive disorder"> major depressive disorder</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74610/epigenetic-drugs-for-major-depressive-disorder-a-critical-appraisal-of-available-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74610.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7734</span> Effects of Animal Metaphor on Consumer Response to Product Advertising</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Hsien%20Huang">Wen-Hsien Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsu-Ting%20Hsu"> Hsu-Ting Hsu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While advertisers often use animal metaphors to promote product performance, representing through the use of a product image together with an animal-like messenger to imply the undesirable health states of not using the product, the effect of such metaphors on persuasion remains unclear. The current research addresses this issue by investigating how consumers perceive and react to animal metaphor advertising in the context of product promotion. Three studies are carried out using field and experimental data. The findings demonstrate that animal metaphor ads are less persuasive than non-metaphor ads and that ads with animal-like messengers (as opposed to human messengers) activate stronger dehumanization perceptions, which in turn lead to lower product choice, product evaluation and purchase intention, regardless of whether the animal metaphors are presented visually in the picture or verbally in the headline. Furthermore, when the metaphorical pairing includes a more disliked animal, consumer reaction was less favorable. The implications of the findings for advertisers considering the use of animalized messengers are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20metaphor" title="animal metaphor">animal metaphor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dehumanization" title=" dehumanization"> dehumanization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=product%20evaluation" title=" product evaluation"> product evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20communication" title=" health communication"> health communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163849/effects-of-animal-metaphor-on-consumer-response-to-product-advertising" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163849.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7733</span> Improving Our Understanding of the in vivo Modelling of Psychotic Disorders</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zsanett%20Bahor">Zsanett Bahor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristina%20Nunes-Fonseca"> Cristina Nunes-Fonseca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gillian%20L.%20Currie"> Gillian L. Currie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emily%20S.%20Sena"> Emily S. Sena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lindsay%20D.G.%20Thomson"> Lindsay D.G. Thomson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malcolm%20R.%20Macleod"> Malcolm R. Macleod</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Psychosis is ranked as the third most disabling medical condition in the world by the World Health Organization. Despite a substantial amount of research in recent years, available treatments are not universally effective and have a wide range of adverse side effects. Since many clinical drug candidates are identified through in vivo modelling, a deeper understanding of these models, and their strengths and limitations, might help us understand reasons for difficulties in psychosis drug development. To provide an unbiased summary of the preclinical psychosis literature we performed a systematic electronic search of PubMed for publications modelling a psychotic disorder in vivo, identifying 14,721 relevant studies. Double screening of 11,000 publications from this dataset so far established 2403 animal studies of psychosis, with the most common model being schizophrenia (95%). 61% of these models are induced using pharmacological agents. For all the models only 56% of publications test a therapeutic treatment. We propose a systematic review of these studies to assess the prevalence of reporting of measures to reduce risk of bias, and a meta-analysis to assess the internal and external validity of these animal models. Our findings are likely to be relevant to future preclinical studies of psychosis as this generation of strong empirical evidence has the potential to identify weaknesses, areas for improvement and make suggestions on refinement of experimental design. Such a detailed understanding of the data which inform what we think we know will help improve the current attrition rate between bench and bedside in psychosis research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20models" title="animal models">animal models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychosis" title=" psychosis"> psychosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systematic%20review" title=" systematic review"> systematic review</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=schizophrenia" title=" schizophrenia "> schizophrenia </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25531/improving-our-understanding-of-the-in-vivo-modelling-of-psychotic-disorders" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7732</span> Diagonal Vector Autoregressive Models and Their Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Usoro%20Anthony%20E.">Usoro Anthony E.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Udoh%20Emediong"> Udoh Emediong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diagonal Vector Autoregressive Models are special classes of the general vector autoregressive models identified under certain conditions, where parameters are restricted to the diagonal elements in the coefficient matrices. Variance, autocovariance, and autocorrelation properties of the upper and lower diagonal VAR models are derived. The new set of VAR models is verified with empirical data and is found to perform favourably with the general VAR models. The advantage of the diagonal models over the existing models is that the new models are parsimonious, given the reduction in the interactive coefficients of the general VAR models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VAR%20models" title="VAR models">VAR models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagonal%20VAR%20models" title=" diagonal VAR models"> diagonal VAR models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variance" title=" variance"> variance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autocovariance" title=" autocovariance"> autocovariance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autocorrelations" title=" autocorrelations"> autocorrelations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157980/diagonal-vector-autoregressive-models-and-their-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7731</span> The Application of Animal Welfare for Madura Cow Racing Competition in Madura Island</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustopa">Mustopa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Setyawan%20Wahyu%20Pradana"> Setyawan Wahyu Pradana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to determine the application of animal welfare in Madura cow racing competition at Sumenep district, Madura Island. This study conducted by survey and discussion methods with 3 Madura cow owners in the competition. The animal welfare is going to be proved by observing the condition of the cage, the cleanliness of it, feeding and water, the health of the cow, also owner treatments for their Madura cow that will be served as a racer. Observations made using stable conditions ACRES form with assessment scores ranged from 1 = very poor, 2 = poor, 3 = regular, 4 = good and 5 = very good, animal welfare conditions seen by conducting observations and interviews with Madura cow owners. The result shows that the Madura cow competition has fulfilled the criteria of animal welfare application. Application of animal welfare principle by the owner of Madura cow terms of ACRES (Animal Concerns Research and Education Society) below standard, the average score obtained was 2.06, which is mean in a poor ratings. Besides considering the animal welfare application, Madura cow owners also do special treatments for their Madura cow with purpose to produce racers that are healthy and fast. Therefore, if the cow wins in Madura cow racing competition, it will purchase a high-value price. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20welfare" title="animal welfare">animal welfare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competition" title=" competition"> competition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madura%20cow" title=" Madura cow"> Madura cow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=racing" title=" racing"> racing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53022/the-application-of-animal-welfare-for-madura-cow-racing-competition-in-madura-island" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53022.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7730</span> Prediction of Bodyweight of Cattle by Artificial Neural Networks Using Digital Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1n%20Bozkurt">Yalçın Bozkurt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Prediction models were developed for accurate prediction of bodyweight (BW) by using Digital Images of beef cattle body dimensions by Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). For this purpose, the animal data were collected at a private slaughter house and the digital images and the weights of each live animal were taken just before they were slaughtered and the body dimensions such as digital wither height (DJWH), digital body length (DJBL), digital body depth (DJBD), digital hip width (DJHW), digital hip height (DJHH) and digital pin bone length (DJPL) were determined from the images, using the data with 1069 observations for each traits. Then, prediction models were developed by ANN. Digital body measurements were analysed by ANN for body prediction and R2 values of DJBL, DJWH, DJHW, DJBD, DJHH and DJPL were approximately 94.32, 91.31, 80.70, 83.61, 89.45 and 70.56 % respectively. It can be concluded that in management situations where BW cannot be measured it can be predicted accurately by measuring DJBL and DJWH alone or both DJBD and even DJHH and different models may be needed to predict BW in different feeding and environmental conditions and breeds <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20networks" title="artificial neural networks">artificial neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bodyweight" title=" bodyweight"> bodyweight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cattle" title=" cattle"> cattle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20body%20measurements" title=" digital body measurements"> digital body measurements</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71446/prediction-of-bodyweight-of-cattle-by-artificial-neural-networks-using-digital-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71446.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7729</span> Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic and Antipyretic Activity of Terminalia arjuna Roxb. Extract in Animal Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linda%20Chularojmontri">Linda Chularojmontri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seewaboon%20Sireeratawong"> Seewaboon Sireeratawong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suvara%20Wattanapitayakul"> Suvara Wattanapitayakul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Terminalia arjuna Roxb. (family Combretaceae) is commonly known as ‘Sa maw thet’ in Thai. The fruit is used in traditional medicine as natural mild laxatives, carminative and expectorant. Aim of the study: This research aims to study the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of Terminalia arjuna extract by using animal models in comparison to the reference drugs. Materials and Methods: The anti-inflammatory study was conducted by two experimental animal models namely ethyl phenylpropionate (EPP)-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema. The study of analgesic activity used two methods of pain induction including acetic acid and heat-induced pain. In addition, the antipyretic activity study was performed by induced hyperthermia with yeast. Results: The results showed that the oral administration of Terminalia arjuna extract possessed acute anti-inflammatory effect in carrageenan-induced paw edema. Terminalia arjuna extract showed the analgesic activity in acetic acid-induced writhing response and heat-induced pain. This indicates its peripheral effect by inhibiting the biosynthesis and/or release of some pain mediators and some mechanism through Central nervous system. Moreover, Terminalia arjuna extract at the dose of 1000 and 1500 mg/kg body weight showed the antipyretic activity, which might be because of the inhibition of prostaglandins. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that the Terminalia arjuna extract possesses the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities in animals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analgesic%20activity" title="analgesic activity">analgesic activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-inflammatory%20activity" title=" anti-inflammatory activity"> anti-inflammatory activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antipyretic%20activity" title=" antipyretic activity"> antipyretic activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Terminalia%20arjuna%20extract" title=" Terminalia arjuna extract"> Terminalia arjuna extract</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69530/anti-inflammatory-analgesic-and-antipyretic-activity-of-terminalia-arjuna-roxb-extract-in-animal-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69530.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7728</span> The Implementation of Animal Welfare for Garut Sheep Fighting Contest in West Java</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustopa">Mustopa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadya%20R.%20Susilo"> Nadya R. Susilo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rhizal%20D.%20Nuva"> Rhizal D. Nuva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to determine the application of animal welfare in Garut sheep fighting contest at West Java. This study conducted by survey and discussion methods with 5 Garut sheep owners in the contest. The animal welfare is going to be proved by observing the condition of the cage, the cleanliness of it, the health of the sheep, feeding and water, also owner treatments for their sheep that will be served as a fighter. Observations made using stable conditions ACRES form with assessment scores ranged from 1 = very poor, 2 = poor, 3 = regular, 4 = good and 5 = very good, animal welfare conditions seen by conducting observations and interviews with garut sheep owners. The result shows that the Garut sheep fighting contest has fulfilled the criteria of animal welfare application. Application of animal welfare principle by the owner of Garut sheep terms of ACRES (Animal Concerns Research and Education Society) below standard, the average score obtained was 1.76 which is mean in a very bad ratings. Besides considering the animal welfare application, sheep owners also do special treatments for their Garut sheep with the purpose to produce fighters that are healthy and strong. So, if the sheep wins in Garut sheep fight contest, it will purchase a high-value prices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20welfare" title="animal welfare">animal welfare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contest" title=" contest"> contest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=garut%20sheep" title=" garut sheep"> garut sheep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sheep%20fighting" title=" sheep fighting"> sheep fighting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51972/the-implementation-of-animal-welfare-for-garut-sheep-fighting-contest-in-west-java" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51972.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7727</span> Multiscale Model of Blast Explosion Human Injury Biomechanics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raj%20K.%20Gupta">Raj K. Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X.%20Gary%20Tan"> X. Gary Tan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrzej%20Przekwas"> Andrzej Przekwas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bomb blasts from Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) account for vast majority of terrorist attacks worldwide. Injuries caused by IEDs result from a combination of the primary blast wave, penetrating fragments, and human body accelerations and impacts. This paper presents a multiscale computational model of coupled blast physics, whole human body biodynamics and injury biomechanics of sensitive organs. The disparity of the involved space- and time-scales is used to conduct sequential modeling of an IED explosion event, CFD simulation of blast loads on the human body and FEM modeling of body biodynamics and injury biomechanics. The paper presents simulation results for blast-induced brain injury coupling macro-scale brain biomechanics and micro-scale response of sensitive neuro-axonal structures. Validation results on animal models and physical surrogates are discussed. Results of our model can be used to 'replicate' filed blast loadings in laboratory controlled experiments using animal models and in vitro neuro-cultures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blast%20waves" title="blast waves">blast waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=improvised%20explosive%20devices" title=" improvised explosive devices"> improvised explosive devices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=injury%20biomechanics" title=" injury biomechanics"> injury biomechanics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20models" title=" mathematical models"> mathematical models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traumatic%20brain%20injury" title=" traumatic brain injury"> traumatic brain injury</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56654/multiscale-model-of-blast-explosion-human-injury-biomechanics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56654.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">249</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7726</span> Resource Assessment of Animal Dung for Power Generation: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gagandeep%20Kaur">Gagandeep Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yadwinder%20Singh%20Brar"> Yadwinder Singh Brar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20P.%20Kothari"> D. P. Kothari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper has an aggregate analysis of animal dung for converting it into renewable biomass fuel source that could be used to help the Indian state Punjab to meet rising power demand. In Punjab district Bathinda produces over 4567 tonnes of animal dung daily on a renewable basis. The biogas energy potential has been calculated using values for the daily per head animal dung production and total no. of large animals in Bathinda of Punjab. The 379540 no. of animals in district could produce nearly 116918 m3 /day of biogas as renewable energy. By converting this biogas into electric energy could produce 89.8 Gwh energy annually. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=livestock" title="livestock">livestock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20dung" title=" animal dung"> animal dung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biogas" title=" biogas"> biogas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10163/resource-assessment-of-animal-dung-for-power-generation-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10163.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">510</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7725</span> Evaluation of Affecting Factors on Effectiveness of Animal Artificial Insemination Training Courses in Zanjan Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Ashraf%20Hamedi%20Oghul%20Beyk">Ali Ashraf Hamedi Oghul Beyk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research is aimed in order to demonstrate the factors affecting on effectiveness of animal artificial insemination training courses in Zanjan province. The research method is descriptive and correlation. Research tools a questionnaire and research sample are 104 persons who participated in animal artificial insemination training courses. The data resulted from this procedure was analysed by using SPSS software under windows system.independent variables include :individual, sociological, technical, and organizational, dependent variable is: affecting factors on effectiveness of animal artificial insemination training courses the finding of this study indicates that there is a significant correlation(99/0) between individual variables such as motivation and interest and experiment and effectiveness of animal artificial insemination training courses. There is significant correlation (95/0) between sociological variables such as job and education and effectiveness of animal artificial insemination training course. There is significant correlation (99/0) between techn ical variables such as training quality media and instructional materials. Moreover, effectiveness of animal artificial insemination training course there is significant correlation(0/95) between organizational variables such as trainers combination,place conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20artificial%20insemination" title="animal artificial insemination">animal artificial insemination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effect" title=" effect"> effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effectiveness" title=" effectiveness"> effectiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training%20courses" title=" training courses"> training courses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zanjan" title=" Zanjan"> Zanjan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17298/evaluation-of-affecting-factors-on-effectiveness-of-animal-artificial-insemination-training-courses-in-zanjan-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17298.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7724</span> AniMoveMineR: Animal Behavior Exploratory Analysis Using Association Rules Mining</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suelane%20Garcia%20Fontes">Suelane Garcia Fontes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silvio%20Luiz%20Stanzani"> Silvio Luiz Stanzani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20L.%20Pizzigatti%20Corr%C5%82a%20Ronaldo%20G.%20Morato"> Pedro L. Pizzigatti Corrła Ronaldo G. Morato</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Environmental changes and major natural disasters are most prevalent in the world due to the damage that humanity has caused to nature and these damages directly affect the lives of animals. Thus, the study of animal behavior and their interactions with the environment can provide knowledge that guides researchers and public agencies in preservation and conservation actions. Exploratory analysis of animal movement can determine the patterns of animal behavior and with technological advances the ability of animals to be tracked and, consequently, behavioral studies have been expanded. There is a lot of research on animal movement and behavior, but we note that a proposal that combines resources and allows for exploratory analysis of animal movement and provide statistical measures on individual animal behavior and its interaction with the environment is missing. The contribution of this paper is to present the framework AniMoveMineR, a unified solution that aggregates trajectory analysis and data mining techniques to explore animal movement data and provide a first step in responding questions about the animal individual behavior and their interactions with other animals over time and space. We evaluated the framework through the use of monitored jaguar data in the city of Miranda Pantanal, Brazil, in order to verify if the use of AniMoveMineR allows to identify the interaction level between these jaguars. The results were positive and provided indications about the individual behavior of jaguars and about which jaguars have the highest or lowest correlation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20mining" title="data mining">data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20science" title=" data science"> data science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trajectory" title=" trajectory"> trajectory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20behavior" title=" animal behavior"> animal behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114853/animoveminer-animal-behavior-exploratory-analysis-using-association-rules-mining" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114853.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7723</span> The Application of Animal Welfare Certification System for Farm Animal in South Korea</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahlyum%20Mun">Ahlyum Mun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji-Young%20Moon"> Ji-Young Moon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moon-Seok%20Yoon"> Moon-Seok Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong-Jin%20Baek"> Dong-Jin Baek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doo-Seok%20Seo"> Doo-Seok Seo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oun-Kyong%20Moon"> Oun-Kyong Moon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is a growing public concern over the standards of farm animal welfare, with higher standards of food safety. In addition, the recent low incidence of Avian Influenza in laying hens among certificated farms is receiving attention. In this study, we introduce animal welfare systems covering the rearing, transport and slaughter of farm animals in South Korea. The concepts of animal welfare farm certification are based on ensuring the five freedoms of animal. The animal welfare is also achieved by observing the condition of environment including shelter and resting area, feeding and water and the care for the animal health. The certification of farm animal welfare is handled by the Animal Protection & Welfare Division of Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA). Following the full amendment of Animal Protection Law in 2011, animal welfare farm certification program has been implemented since 2012. The certification system has expanded to cover laying hen, swine, broiler, beef cattle and dairy cow, goat and duck farms. Livestock farmers who want to be certified must apply for certification at the APQA. Upon receipt of the application, the APQA notifies the applicant of the detailed schedule of the on-site examination after reviewing the document and conducts the on-site inspection according to the evaluation criteria of the welfare standard. If the on-site audit results meet the certification criteria, APQA issues a certificate. The production process of certified farms is inspected at least once a year for follow-up management. As of 2017, a total of 145 farms have been certified (95 laying hen farms, 12 swine farms, 30 broiler farms and 8 dairy cow farms). In addition, animal welfare transportation vehicles and slaughterhouses have been designated since 2013 and currently 6 slaughterhouses have been certified. Animal Protection Law has been amended so that animal welfare certification marks can be affixed only to livestock products produced by animal welfare farms, transported through animal welfare vehicles and slaughtered at animal welfare slaughterhouses. The whole process including rearing–transportation- slaughtering completes the farm animal welfare system. APQA established its second 5-year animal welfare plan (2014-2019) that includes setting a minimum standard of animal welfare applicable to all livestock farms, transportation vehicles and slaughterhouses. In accordance with this plan, we will promote the farm animal welfare policy in order to truly advance the Korean livestock industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20welfare" title="animal welfare">animal welfare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farm%20animal" title=" farm animal"> farm animal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=certification%20system" title=" certification system"> certification system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20Korea" title=" South Korea"> South Korea</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89314/the-application-of-animal-welfare-certification-system-for-farm-animal-in-south-korea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89314.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7722</span> Students' Perception of Using Dental E-Models in an Inquiry-Based Curriculum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanqi%20Yang">Yanqi Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chongshan%20Liao"> Chongshan Liao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheuk%20Hin%20Ho"> Cheuk Hin Ho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Susan%20Bridges"> Susan Bridges </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim: To investigate student’s perceptions of using e-models in an inquiry-based curriculum. Approach: 52 second-year dental students completed a pre- and post-test questionnaire relating to their perceptions of e-models and their use in inquiry-based learning. The pre-test occurred prior to any learning with e-models. The follow-up survey was conducted after one year's experience of using e-models. Results: There was no significant difference between the two sets of questionnaires regarding student’s perceptions of the usefulness of e-models and their willingness to use e-models in future inquiry-based learning. Most of the students preferred using both plaster models and e-models in tandem. Conclusion: Students did not change their attitude towards e-models and most of them agreed or were neutral that e-models are useful in inquiry-based learning. Whilst recognizing the utility of 3D models for learning, student's preference for combining these with solid models has implications for the development of haptic sensibility in an operative discipline. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-models" title="e-models">e-models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inquiry-based%20curriculum" title=" inquiry-based curriculum"> inquiry-based curriculum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=questionnaire" title=" questionnaire"> questionnaire</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3739/students-perception-of-using-dental-e-models-in-an-inquiry-based-curriculum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3739.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7721</span> Humans as Enrichment: Human-Animal Interactions and the Perceived Benefit to the Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), Human and Zoological Establishment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20J.%20Higgs">S. J. Higgs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Van%20Eck"> E. Van Eck</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Heynis"> K. Heynis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Broadberry"> S. H. Broadberry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Engagement with non-human animals is a rapidly-growing field of study within the animal science and social science sectors, with human-interactions occurring in many forms; interactions, encounters and animal-assisted therapy. To our knowledge, there has been a wide array of research published on domestic and livestock human-animal interactions, however, there appear to be fewer publications relating to zoo animals and the effect these interactions have on the animal, human and establishment. The aim of this study was to identify if there were any perceivable benefits from the human-animal interaction for the cheetah, the human and the establishment. Behaviour data were collected before, during and after the interaction on the behaviour of the cheetah and the human participants to highlight any trends with nine interactions conducted. All 35 participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire prior to the interaction and immediately after to ascertain if their perceptions changed following an interaction with the cheetah. An online questionnaire was also distributed for three months to gain an understanding of the perceptions of human-animal interactions from members of the public, gaining 229 responses. Both questionnaires contained qualitative and quantitative questions to allow for specific definitive answers to be analysed, but also expansion on the participants perceived perception of human-animal interactions. In conclusion, it was found that participants’ perceptions of human-animal interactions saw a positive change, with 64% of participants altering their opinion and viewing the interaction as beneficial for the cheetah (reduction in stress assumed behaviours) following participation in a 15-minute interaction. However, it was noted that many participants felt the interaction lacked educational values and therefore this is an area in which zoological establishments can work to further improve upon. The results highlighted many positive benefits for the human, animal and establishment, however, the study does indicate further areas for research in order to promote positive perceptions of human-animal interactions and to further increase the welfare of the animal during these interactions, with recommendations to create and regulate legislation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Acinonyx%20jubatus" title="Acinonyx jubatus">Acinonyx jubatus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=encounters" title=" encounters"> encounters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human-animal%20interactions" title=" human-animal interactions"> human-animal interactions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perceptions" title=" perceptions"> perceptions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zoological%20establishments" title=" zoological establishments"> zoological establishments</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88177/humans-as-enrichment-human-animal-interactions-and-the-perceived-benefit-to-the-cheetah-acinonyx-jubatus-human-and-zoological-establishment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88177.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7720</span> The Assesment of Animal Welfare at Slaughterhouses in Badung District, Bali Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ulil%20Afidah">Ulil Afidah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustopa"> Mustopa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study aims to determine the assessment of animal welfare at slaughterhouses in Badung district, Bali province. The study was conducted for ten days with observed five cattle per day with a total 50 cattle. Observation begins when a cow came out of the pick up to be slaughtered, subsequently recorded in a questionnaire that has been provided.The result of the observation showed that the slaughterhouses in Bandung district have the implemented animal welfare which fulfills the requirement that is 63% before slaughtering process, and 76% at slaughtering process. Based on these results it can be concluded in slaughterhouses of Badung district already fulfill the requirements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20welfare" title="animal welfare">animal welfare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assesment" title=" assesment"> assesment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badung%20district" title=" Badung district"> Badung district</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slaughterhousess" title=" slaughterhousess"> slaughterhousess</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62019/the-assesment-of-animal-welfare-at-slaughterhouses-in-badung-district-bali-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62019.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7719</span> The Neurofunctional Dissociation between Animal and Tool Concepts: A Network-Based Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Skiker%20Kaoutar">Skiker Kaoutar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mounir%20Maouene"> Mounir Maouene</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Neuroimaging studies have shown that animal and tool concepts rely on distinct networks of brain areas. Animal concepts depend predominantly on temporal areas while tool concepts rely on fronto-temporo-parietal areas. However, the origin of this neurofunctional distinction for processing animal and tool concepts remains still unclear. Here, we address this question from a network perspective suggesting that the neural distinction between animals and tools might reflect the differences in their structural semantic networks. We build semantic networks for animal and tool concepts derived from McRae and colleagues’s behavioral study conducted on a large number of participants. These two networks are thus analyzed through a large number of graph theoretical measures for small-worldness: centrality, clustering coefficient, average shortest path length, as well as resistance to random and targeted attacks. The results indicate that both animal and tool networks have small-world properties. More importantly, the animal network is more vulnerable to targeted attacks compared to the tool network a result that correlates with brain lesions studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animals" title="animals">animals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tools" title=" tools"> tools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network" title=" network"> network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semantics" title=" semantics"> semantics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small-worls" title=" small-worls"> small-worls</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resilience%20to%20damage" title=" resilience to damage "> resilience to damage </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17571/the-neurofunctional-dissociation-between-animal-and-tool-concepts-a-network-based-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17571.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">543</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7718</span> Botulism Clinical Experience and Update</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Yeo">Kevin Yeo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christine%20Hall"> Christine Hall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babinchak%20Tim"> Babinchak Tim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> BAT® [Botulism Antitoxin Heptavalent (A,B,C,D,E,F,G)-(Equine)] anti-toxin is a mixture of equine immune globulin fragments indicated for the treatment of symptomatic botulism in adult and pediatric patients. The effectiveness of BAT anti-toxin is based on efficacy studies conducted in animal models. A general explanation of the pivotal animal studies, post market surveillance and outcomes of an observational patient registry for patients treated with BAT product distributed in the USA is briefly discussed. Overall it took 20 animal studies for two well-designed and appropriately powered pivotal efficacy studies – one in which the effectiveness of BAT was assessed against all 7 serotypes in the guinea pig, and the other where efficacy is confirmed in the Rhesus macaque using Serotype A. Clinical Experience for BAT to date involves approximately 600 adult and pediatric patients with suspected botulism. In pre-licensure, patient data was recorded under the US CDC expanded access program (259 adult and pediatric patients between 10 days to 88 years of age). In post licensure, greater than 350 patients to date have received BAT and been followed up by enhanced expanded access program. The analysis of the post market surveillance data provided a unique opportunity to demonstrate clinical benefit in the field study required by the animal rule. While the animal rule is applied because human efficacy studies are not ethical or feasible, a post-marketing requirement is to conduct a study to evaluate safety and clinical benefit when circumstances arise and demonstrate the favourable benefit-risk profile that supported licensure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=botulism" title="botulism">botulism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=threat" title=" threat"> threat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20benefit" title=" clinical benefit"> clinical benefit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=observational%20patient%20registry" title=" observational patient registry"> observational patient registry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89151/botulism-clinical-experience-and-update" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89151.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7717</span> Toward an Understanding of the Neurofunctional Dissociation between Animal and Tool Concepts: A Graph Theoretical Analysis </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Skiker%20Kaoutar">Skiker Kaoutar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mounir%20Maouene"> Mounir Maouene</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Neuroimaging studies have shown that animal and tool concepts rely on distinct networks of brain areas. Animal concepts depend predominantly on temporal areas while tool concepts rely on fronto-temporo-parietal areas. However, the origin of this neurofunctional distinction for processing animal and tool concepts remains still unclear. Here, we address this question from a network perspective suggesting that the neural distinction between animals and tools might reflect the differences in their structural semantic networks. We build semantic networks for animal and tool concepts derived from Mc Rae and colleagues’s behavioral study conducted on a large number of participants. These two networks are thus analyzed through a large number of graph theoretical measures for small-worldness: centrality, clustering coefficient, average shortest path length, as well as resistance to random and targeted attacks. The results indicate that both animal and tool networks have small-world properties. More importantly, the animal network is more vulnerable to targeted attacks compared to the tool network a result that correlates with brain lesions studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animals" title="animals">animals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tools" title=" tools"> tools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network" title=" network"> network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semantics" title=" semantics"> semantics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small-world" title=" small-world"> small-world</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resilience%20to%20damage" title=" resilience to damage "> resilience to damage </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17524/toward-an-understanding-of-the-neurofunctional-dissociation-between-animal-and-tool-concepts-a-graph-theoretical-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17524.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">547</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7716</span> Technologies of Factory Farming: An Exploration of Ongoing Confrontations with Farm Animal Sanctuaries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chetna%20Khandelwal">Chetna Khandelwal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aims to study the contentions that Farm Animal Sanctuaries pose to human-animal relationships in modernity, which have developed as a result of globalisation of the meat industry and advancements in technology. The sociological history of human-animal relationships in farming is contextualised in order to set a foundation for the follow-up examination of challenges to existing human-(farm)animal relationships by Farm Animal Sanctuaries. The methodology was influenced by relativism, and the method involved three semi-structured small-group interviews, conducted at locations of sanctuaries. The sample was chosen through purposive sampling and varied by location and size of the sanctuary. Data collected were transcribed and qualitatively coded to generate themes. Findings revealed that sanctuary contentions to established human-animal relationships by factory farming could be divided into 4 broad categories – Revealing horrors of factory farming (involving uncovering power relations in agribusiness); transforming relationships with animals (including letting them emotionally heal in accordance with their individual personalities and treating them as partial-pets); educating the public regarding welfare conditions in factory farms as well as animal sentience through practical experience or positive imagery of farm animals, and addressing retaliation made by agribusiness in the form of technologies or discursive strategies. Hence, this research concludes that The human-animal relationship in current times has been characterised by – (ideological and physical) distance from farm animals, commodification due to increased chasing of profits over welfare and exploitation using technological advancements, creating unequal power dynamics that rid animals of any agency. Challenges to this relationship can be influenced by local populations around the sanctuary but not so dependent upon the size of it. This research can benefit from further academic exploration into farm animal sanctuaries and their role in feminist animal rights activism to enrich the ongoing fight against intensive farming. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20rights" title="animal rights">animal rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factory%20farming" title=" factory farming"> factory farming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farm%20animal%20sanctuaries" title=" farm animal sanctuaries"> farm animal sanctuaries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human-animal%20relationships" title=" human-animal relationships"> human-animal relationships</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122087/technologies-of-factory-farming-an-exploration-of-ongoing-confrontations-with-farm-animal-sanctuaries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122087.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20models&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20models&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20models&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20models&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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