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id="toc-Philanthropy,_sustainability,_arts_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 Arts and culture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Corporate_identity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corporate_identity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Corporate identity </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Corporate_identity-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Corporate identity subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Corporate_identity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Trademarks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trademarks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Trademarks </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trademarks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Combatting_counterfeits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Combatting_counterfeits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1.1 Combatting counterfeits </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Combatting_counterfeits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Products" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Products"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Products </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Products-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Products subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Products-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fragrance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fragrance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Fragrance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fragrance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Perfumes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perfumes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.1 Perfumes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perfumes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colognes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colognes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.2 Colognes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colognes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Makeup_and_skincare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Makeup_and_skincare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Makeup and skincare </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Makeup_and_skincare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Products_lines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Products_lines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.1 Products lines </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Products_lines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fine_jewellery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fine_jewellery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Fine jewellery </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fine_jewellery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Watches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Watches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Watches </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Watches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Wine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Swimwear" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Swimwear"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Swimwear </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Swimwear-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Gallery </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Chanel</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 60 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" > 60 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%84" title="شانيل – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شانيل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%84_(%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA)" title="شنل (شیرکت) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شنل (شیرکت)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Шанел – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Шанел" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_(zna%C4%8Dka)" title="Chanel (značka) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chanel (značka)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%84_(%D8%B4%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA)" title="شنل (شرکت) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شنل (شرکت)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%A4%EB%84%AC" title="샤넬 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="샤넬" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%AC" title="Շանել – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Շանել" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B2" title="चैनल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चैनल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%9C_(%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%94)" title="שאנל (חברה) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שאנל (חברה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D" title="ಶನೆಲ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಶನೆಲ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel_(mados_namai)" title="Chanel (mados namai) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Chanel (mados namai)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Шанел – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Шанел" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Шанэл – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Шанэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%94%E1%80%B2%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA" title="ရှနဲလ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရှနဲလ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Na Vosa Vakaviti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%8D%E3%83%AB" title="シャネル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シャネル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanal" title="Kanal – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kanal" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%84" title="شینل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شینل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A5" title="ชาเนล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชาเนล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%84" title="شانیل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شانیل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E5%A5%88%E5%84%BF" title="香奈儿 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="香奈儿" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Chanel" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E5%A5%88%E5%84%BF" title="香奈儿 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="香奈儿" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Chanel&params=51.51054_N_0.1432786_W_">51°30′38″N 0°08′36″W / 51.51054°N 0.1432786°W / 51.51054; -0.1432786</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">French fashion house</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Chanel_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Chanel (disambiguation)">Chanel (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Channel_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Channel (disambiguation)">Channel</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Due to technical limitations, "Chanel #5" directs here. For the fragrance by Chanel, see <a href="/wiki/Chanel_No._5" title="Chanel No. 5">Chanel No. 5</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">Chanel Ltd</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:Chanel_logo_interlocking_cs.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/92/Chanel_logo_interlocking_cs.svg/180px-Chanel_logo_interlocking_cs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/92/Chanel_logo_interlocking_cs.svg/270px-Chanel_logo_interlocking_cs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/92/Chanel_logo_interlocking_cs.svg/360px-Chanel_logo_interlocking_cs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="153" data-file-height="98" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:Chanel_Fragrance_and_Beauty_Brickell_City_Centre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Chanel_Fragrance_and_Beauty_Brickell_City_Centre.jpg/250px-Chanel_Fragrance_and_Beauty_Brickell_City_Centre.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Chanel_Fragrance_and_Beauty_Brickell_City_Centre.jpg/500px-Chanel_Fragrance_and_Beauty_Brickell_City_Centre.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1955" data-file-height="1467" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Chanel Fragrance & Beauty boutique, <a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Privately_held_company" title="Privately held company">Private</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Fashion_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Fashion industry">Fashion</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1910; 115 years ago (1910) <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, France<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founders</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Coco_Chanel" title="Coco Chanel">Coco Chanel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Wertheimer" title="Pierre Wertheimer">Pierre Wertheimer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label">5 Barlow Place <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, W1J 6DG United Kingdom <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Chanel&params=51.51054_N_0.1432786_W_">51°30′38″N 0°08′36″W / 51.51054°N 0.1432786°W / 51.51054; -0.1432786</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of locations</div></th><td class="infobox-data">500+ <a href="/wiki/Boutiques" class="mw-redirect" title="Boutiques">boutiques</a><a href="#cite_note-lemonde-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leena_Nair" title="Leena Nair">Leena Nair</a> (<a href="/wiki/CEO" class="mw-redirect" title="CEO">CEO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthieu_Blazy" title="Matthieu Blazy">Matthieu Blazy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Creative_director" title="Creative director">creative director</a>)</li> <li>Philippe Blondiaux (<a href="/wiki/Chief_financial_officer" title="Chief financial officer">CFO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivier_Polge" title="Olivier Polge">Olivier Polge</a> (master <a href="/wiki/Perfumer" title="Perfumer">perfumer</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">ready-to-wear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_accessory" title="Fashion accessory">accessories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewellery" title="Jewellery">jewellery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perfume" title="Perfume">perfume</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>19.7 billion (2023)<a href="#cite_note-lemonde-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">6,407,000,000 United States dollar (2023) <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218115?uselang=en#P3362" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>4.0 billion (2021)<a href="#cite_note-lemonde-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owners</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Wertheimer" title="Alain Wertheimer">Alain Wertheimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Wertheimer" title="Gérard Wertheimer">Gérard Wertheimer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">32,000<a href="#cite_note-lemonde-2">[2]</a> (aug 2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chanel.com/us/">chanel.com</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Chanel (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ʃəˈnɛl/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">shə-NEL</a>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>French: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[ʃanɛl]</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/5\/55\/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Exilexi-Coco_Chanel.wav\/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Exilexi-Coco_Chanel.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"LL-Q150 (fra)-Exilexi-Coco Chanel.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/55/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Exilexi-Coco_Chanel.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Exilexi-Coco_Chanel.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q150_(fra)-Exilexi-Coco_Chanel.wav" title="File:LL-Q150 (fra)-Exilexi-Coco Chanel.wav">ⓘ</a>) is a French <a href="/wiki/Luxury_goods" title="Luxury goods">luxury</a> <a href="/wiki/Fashion_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Fashion house">fashion house</a> founded in 1910 by <a href="/wiki/Coco_Chanel" title="Coco Chanel">Coco Chanel</a> in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>. It is privately owned by French brothers, <a href="/wiki/Alain_Wertheimer" title="Alain Wertheimer">Alain</a> and <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Wertheimer" title="Gérard Wertheimer">Gérard Wertheimer</a>, through the <a href="/wiki/Holding_company" title="Holding company">holding company</a> Chanel Limited, established in 2018 and headquartered in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>. Chanel specializes in women's <a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">ready-to-wear</a>, luxury goods, and accessories and licenses its name and branding to <a href="/wiki/Luxottica" title="Luxottica">Luxottica</a> for eyewear.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a> Chanel is well known for its <a href="/wiki/Chanel_No._5" title="Chanel No. 5">No. 5</a> perfume and "Chanel Suit".<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> Chanel is credited for revolutionizing <a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">haute couture</a> and ready-to-wear by replacing structured, <a href="/wiki/Corset" title="Corset">corseted</a> silhouettes with more functional garments that women still found flattering.<a href="#cite_note-ContemporaryFashion-6">[6]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coco_Chanel_era">Coco Chanel era</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Coco Chanel era">edit</a>]</div> <dl><dt>Establishment and recognition (1909–1920s)</dt></dl> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coco_Chanel,_1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/30/Coco_Chanel%2C_1920.jpg/250px-Coco_Chanel%2C_1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/30/Coco_Chanel%2C_1920.jpg/330px-Coco_Chanel%2C_1920.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/30/Coco_Chanel%2C_1920.jpg/500px-Coco_Chanel%2C_1920.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="932" /></a><figcaption>Gabrielle "Coco" Chanel in 1920</figcaption></figure> The House of Chanel originated in 1909, when Gabrielle Chanel opened a <a href="/wiki/Millinery" class="mw-redirect" title="Millinery">millinery</a> shop at 160 <a href="/wiki/Boulevard_Malesherbes" title="Boulevard Malesherbes">Boulevard Malesherbes</a>, the ground floor of the Parisian flat of the <a href="/wiki/Socialite" title="Socialite">socialite</a> and textile businessman <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Balsan" title="Étienne Balsan">Étienne Balsan</a>, of whom she was the mistress.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a> Because the Balsan flat also was a <a href="/wiki/Salon_(gathering)" title="Salon (gathering)">salon</a> for the French hunting and sporting élite, Chanel had the opportunity to meet their <a href="/wiki/Demimonde" title="Demimonde">demi-mondaine</a> mistresses who, as such, were women of fashion, upon whom the rich men displayed their wealth – as ornate clothes, jewellery, and hats. <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chanel_hat_from_Les_Modes_1912.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Chanel_hat_from_Les_Modes_1912.jpg/160px-Chanel_hat_from_Les_Modes_1912.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Chanel_hat_from_Les_Modes_1912.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="212" data-file-height="320" /></a><figcaption>The actress Gabrielle Dorziat wearing a Chanel plumed hat (1912)</figcaption></figure> Coco Chanel thus could sell to them the hats she designed and made; she thus earned a living independent of Balsan. In the course of those salons, Coco Chanel befriended <a href="/wiki/Boy_Capel" title="Boy Capel">Arthur "Boy" Capel</a>, an English socialite and <a href="/wiki/Polo" title="Polo">polo player</a> friend of Étienne Balsan; per the upper class social custom, Chanel also became mistress to Boy Capel. In 1910, Boy Capel financed her first independent millinery shop, Chanel Modes, at 21 Rue Cambon in Paris. Because that locale already housed a dress shop, the business-lease limited Chanel to selling only millinery products, not <a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">couture</a>. Two years later 1913, the <a href="/wiki/Deauville" title="Deauville">Deauville</a> and <a href="/wiki/Biarritz" title="Biarritz">Biarritz</a> couture shops of Coco Chanel offered for sale <a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">prêt-à-porter</a> sports clothes for women, the practical designs of which allowed the wearer to play sports.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-ContemporaryFashion-6">[6]</a> The <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">First World War</a> (1914–1918), affected European fashion through scarcity of materials, and the mobilisation of women. By that time, Chanel had opened a large dress shop at 31 Rue Cambon, near the <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Ritz_Paris" title="Hôtel Ritz Paris">Hôtel Ritz</a>, in Paris. Among the clothes for sale were <a href="/wiki/Flannel" title="Flannel">flannel</a> <a href="/wiki/Blazer" title="Blazer">blazers</a>, straight-line skirts of <a href="/wiki/Linen" title="Linen">linen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sailor_suit" title="Sailor suit">sailor blouses</a>, long <a href="/wiki/Sweater" title="Sweater">sweaters</a> made of <a href="/wiki/Jersey_(fabric)" title="Jersey (fabric)">jersey</a> fabric, and skirt-and-jacket suits. Coco Chanel used jersey cloth because of its physical properties as a garment, such as its drape – how it falls upon and falls from the body of the woman – and how well it adapted to a simple garment-design. Sartorially, some of Chanel's designs derived from the military uniforms made prevalent by the War; and, by 1915, the designs and the clothes produced by the House of Chanel were known throughout France.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a> In 1915, Chanel opened her very first Couture House in Biarritz, France. She had 300 employees and even designed her first line of Haute Couture.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> In 1915 and in 1917, <a href="/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar" title="Harper's Bazaar">Harper's Bazaar</a> magazine reported that the garments of La Maison Chanel were "on the list of every buyer" for the clothing factories of Europe.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a> The Chanel dress shop at 31 Rue Cambon presented day-wear dress-and-coat ensembles of simple design, and black evening dresses trimmed with lace; and <a href="/wiki/Tulle_netting" class="mw-redirect" title="Tulle netting">tulle-fabric</a> dresses decorated with <a href="/wiki/Jet_(lignite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jet (lignite)">jet</a>, a minor gemstone material.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chanel_jersey_casual_wear_1917,.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Chanel_jersey_casual_wear_1917%2C.jpg/250px-Chanel_jersey_casual_wear_1917%2C.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Chanel_jersey_casual_wear_1917%2C.jpg/330px-Chanel_jersey_casual_wear_1917%2C.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Chanel_jersey_casual_wear_1917%2C.jpg/500px-Chanel_jersey_casual_wear_1917%2C.jpg 2x" data-file-width="766" data-file-height="1023" /></a><figcaption>Illustration of three women in Chanel day outfits consisting of belted tunic jackets and full jersey skirts, 1917</figcaption></figure> After the First World War, La Maison Chanel, following the fashion trends of the 1920s, produced beaded dresses made popular by <a href="/wiki/Flapper" title="Flapper">Flapper</a> women.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a> The simple-line, 'flat-chested' fashions Chanel couture made popular were opposite of the <a href="/wiki/Hourglass_figure" title="Hourglass figure">hourglass figure</a> fashions of the late 19th century – the <a href="/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poque" title="Belle Époque">Belle Époque</a> of France (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1890–1914), and the British <a href="/wiki/Edwardian_era" title="Edwardian era">Edwardian era</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1901–1919). Chanel used colors traditionally associated with masculinity in Europe, such as grey and navy blue, to denote feminine boldness.<a href="#cite_note-ContemporaryFashion-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> Chanel clothing often featured quilted fabric and leather trimmings; the quilted construction reinforced the fabric, design, and finish, allowing the garment to maintain its form and function while worn. An example is the <a href="/wiki/Worsted" title="Worsted">woolen</a> Chanel suit – a knee-length skirt and a cardigan-style jacket, trimmed and decorated with black <a href="/wiki/Embroidery" title="Embroidery">embroidery</a> and gold-coloured buttons, often accessorized with two-tone <a href="/wiki/Court_shoe" title="Court shoe">pump shoes</a>, a necklace of pearls, and a leather handbag.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-ContemporaryFashion-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> In 1921, to complement Chanel's clothing lines, Coco Chanel commissioned perfumer <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Beaux" title="Ernest Beaux">Ernest Beaux</a> to create a perfume for La Maison Chanel. His perfumes included the perfume <a href="/wiki/Chanel_No._5" title="Chanel No. 5">No.5</a>, named after the number of the sample Chanel liked best. Originally, given as a gift to clients, No.5's popularity prompted La Maison Chanel to offer it for sale in 1922. In 1923, to explain the success of her clothes, Coco Chanel told Harper's Bazaar magazine that design "simplicity is the keynote of all true elegance."<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> <dl><dt>Business partners (late 1920s)</dt></dl> The success of the <a href="/wiki/Chanel_No._5" title="Chanel No. 5">No. 5</a> encouraged Coco Chanel to expand perfume sales beyond France and Europe and to develop other perfumes – for which she required investment capital, business acumen, and access to the North American market. To that end, the businessman <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile_Bader" title="Théophile Bader">Théophile Bader</a> (founder of <a href="/wiki/Galeries_Lafayette" title="Galeries Lafayette">Galeries Lafayette</a>) introduced the <a href="/wiki/Venture_capital" title="Venture capital">venture capitalist</a> <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Wertheimer" title="Pierre Wertheimer">Pierre Wertheimer</a> to Coco Chanel. Their business deal established the Parfums Chanel company, a parfumerie of which Wertheimer owned 70 per cent, Bader owned 20 per cent, and Chanel owned 10 per cent; commercial success of the joint enterprise was assured by the Chanel name, and by the cachet of la "Maison Chanel", which remained the sole business province of Coco Chanel.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> Nonetheless, despite the success of the Chanel couture and parfumerie, the personal relations between Coco and her capitalist partner deteriorated, because, Coco said that Pierre Wertheimer was exploiting her talents as a fashion designer and as a businesswoman.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> Wertheimer reminded Chanel that he had made her a very rich woman; and that his venture capital had funded Chanel's productive expansion of the parfumerie which created the wealth they enjoyed, all from the success of No. 5 de Chanel. Nevertheless, unsatisfied, the businesswoman Gabrielle Chanel hired the attorney <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_de_Chambrun" title="René de Chambrun">René de Chambrun</a> to renegotiate the 10-per-cent partnership she entered, in 1924, with the Parfums Chanel company; the lawyer-to-lawyer negotiations failed, and the partnership-percentages remained as established in the original business deal among Wertheimer, Badel, and Chanel.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> <dl><dt>War (1930s–1940s)</dt></dl> From the <a href="/wiki/Gamine" title="Gamine">gamine</a> fashions of the 1920s, Coco Chanel progressed to womanly fashions in the 1930s: evening-dress designs were characterised by an elongated feminine style, and summer dresses featured contrasts such as silver eyelets, and shoulder straps decorated with <a href="/wiki/Rhinestone" title="Rhinestone">rhinestones</a> – drawing from Renaissance-time fashion stylings. In 1932, Chanel presented an exhibition of jewellery dedicated to the diamond as a fashion accessory; it featured the Comet and Fountain necklaces of diamonds, which were of such original design, that Chanel S.A. re-presented them in 1993. Moreover, by 1937, the House of Chanel had expanded the range of its clothes to more women and presented prêt-à-porter clothes designed and cut for the petite woman.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a> Among fashion designers, only the clothes created by <a href="/wiki/Elsa_Schiaparelli" title="Elsa Schiaparelli">Elsa Schiaparelli</a> could compete with the clothes of Chanel.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_101III-Alber-178-04A,_Walter_Schellenberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101III-Alber-178-04A%2C_Walter_Schellenberg.jpg/250px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101III-Alber-178-04A%2C_Walter_Schellenberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101III-Alber-178-04A%2C_Walter_Schellenberg.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101III-Alber-178-04A%2C_Walter_Schellenberg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="547" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Chanel's spymaster: General <a href="/wiki/Walter_Schellenberg" title="Walter Schellenberg">Walter Schellenberg</a>, Chief of the <a href="/wiki/Sicherheitsdienst" title="Sicherheitsdienst">Sicherheitsdienst</a></figcaption></figure> During the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">Second World War</a> (1939–45), Coco Chanel closed shop at Maison Chanel – leaving only jewellery and parfumerie for sale – and moved to the <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Ritz_Paris" title="Hôtel Ritz Paris">Hôtel Ritz Paris</a>, where she lived with her boyfriend, Hans Günther von Dincklage, a Nazi intelligence officer.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-ContemporaryFashion-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> Upon conquering France in June 1940, the Nazis established a Parisian occupation-headquarters in the <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Meurice" class="mw-redirect" title="Hôtel Meurice">Hôtel Meurice</a>, on the <a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Rivoli" title="Rue de Rivoli">Rue de Rivoli</a>, opposite the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée du Louvre">Louvre Museum</a>, and just around the corner from the fashionable Maison Chanel S.A., at 31 Rue Cambon.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a> Meanwhile, because of the Nazi occupation's official anti-Semitism, Pierre Wertheimer and family, had fled France to the U.S., in mid-1940. Later, in 1941, Coco Chanel attempted to assume business control of Parfums Chanel but was thwarted by an administrative <a href="/wiki/Delegation" title="Delegation">delegation</a> that disallowed her sole disposition of the parfumerie. Having foreseen the Nazi occupation policy of the seizure-and-expropriation to Germany of Jewish business and assets in France, Pierre Wertheimer, the majority partner, had earlier, in May 1940, designated <a href="/wiki/Felix_Amiot" class="mw-redirect" title="Felix Amiot">Felix Amiot</a>, a Christian French industrialist, as the "<a href="/wiki/Aryanism" title="Aryanism">Aryan</a>" proxy whose legal control of the Parfums Chanel business proved politically acceptable to the Nazis, who then allowed the perfume company to continue as an operating business.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> Occupied France abounded with rumours that Coco Chanel was a Nazi <a href="/wiki/Collaborationism" class="mw-redirect" title="Collaborationism">collaborator</a>; her clandestine identity was secret agent 7124 of the <a href="/wiki/Abwehr" title="Abwehr">Abwehr</a>, code-named "Westminster".<a href="#cite_note-The_New_Yorker-McAuley-12">[12]</a> As such, by order of General <a href="/wiki/Walter_Schellenberg" title="Walter Schellenberg">Walter Schellenberg</a>, of the <a href="/wiki/Sicherheitsdienst" title="Sicherheitsdienst">Sicherheitsdienst</a>, Chanel was despatched to London on a mission to communicate to British Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> the particulars of a "separate peace" plan proposed by <a href="/wiki/Reichsf%C3%BChrer-SS" title="Reichsführer-SS">Reichsführer-SS</a> <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Himmler" title="Heinrich Himmler">Heinrich Himmler</a>, who sought to avoid surrendering to the <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> of the Soviet Russians. At War's end, upon the <a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_France" title="Liberation of France">Allied liberation of France</a>, Chanel was arrested for having collaborated with the Nazis. In September 1944, the <a href="/wiki/Free_French" class="mw-redirect" title="Free French">Free French</a> Purge Committee, the <a href="/wiki/%C3%89puration_l%C3%A9gale" title="Épuration légale">épuration</a>, summoned Chanel for interrogation about her collaborationism, yet, without documentary evidence of or witnesses to her collaboration with the Nazis, and because of Churchill's secret intervention in her behalf, the épuration released Coco Chanel from arrest as a traitor to France.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> Despite having been freed by the political grace of Churchill, the strength of the rumours of Chanel's Nazi collaboration had made it impossible for her to remain in France; so Coco Chanel and her German lover, Hans Günther von Dincklage, went into an eight-year exile to <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> In the post–war period, during Coco Chanel's Swiss exile from France, Pierre Wertheimer returned to Paris and regained formal administrative control of his family's business holdings – including control of Parfums Chanel, the parfumerie established with his venture capital, and successful because of the Chanel name.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> In Switzerland, the news revived Coco Chanel's resentment at having been exploited by her business partner, for only ten per cent of the money. So she established a rival Swiss parfumerie to create, produce, and sell her "Chanel perfumes". In turn, Wertheimer, the majority capital stock owner of Parfums Chanel, saw his business interests threatened, and his commercial rights infringed because he did not possess legally exclusive rights to the Chanel name. Nonetheless, Wertheimer avoided a trademark infringement lawsuit against Coco Chanel, lest it damage the commercial reputation and the artistic credibility of his Chanel-brand parfumerie. Pierre Wertheimer settled his business and commercial-rights quarrel with Chanel, and, in May 1947, they renegotiated the 1924 contract that had established Parfums Chanel – she was paid $400,000 in cash (wartime profits from the sales of perfume No. 5 de Chanel); assigned a 2.0 per cent running royalty from the sales of No. 5 parfumerie; assigned limited commercial rights to sell her "Chanel perfumes" in Switzerland; and granted a perpetual monthly stipend that paid all of her expenses. In exchange, Gabrielle Chanel closed her Swiss parfumerie enterprise, and sold to Parfums Chanel the full rights to the name "Coco Chanel".<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> <dl><dt>Resurgence (1950s–1970s)</dt></dl> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1965_purple_Chanel_suit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/1965_purple_Chanel_suit.jpg/250px-1965_purple_Chanel_suit.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/1965_purple_Chanel_suit.jpg/330px-1965_purple_Chanel_suit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/1965_purple_Chanel_suit.jpg/500px-1965_purple_Chanel_suit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1565" data-file-height="2808" /></a><figcaption>A Chanel suit, 1965</figcaption></figure> In 1953, upon returning to France from Switzerland, Coco Chanel found the fashion business enamoured of the "<a href="/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A." class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Dior S.A.">New Look</a>" (1947), by <a href="/wiki/Christian_Dior" title="Christian Dior">Christian Dior</a>; the signature shape featured a below-mid-calf-length, full-skirt, a narrow waist, and a large bust (stylistically absent since 1912). As a post–war fashion that used some 20 yards of fabric, the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Dior_S.A." class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Dior S.A.">House of Dior</a> couture renounced wartime rationing of fabric for clothes.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> In 1947 – after the six-year austerities of the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a> (1939–45) – the New Look was welcomed by the fashion business of Western Europe because sales of the pretty clothes would revive business and the economy.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a> To regain the business primacy of the House of Chanel, in the fashion fields of haute couture, prêt-à-porter, costume jewellery, and parfumerie, would be expensive; so Chanel approached Pierre Wertheimer for business advice and capital.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> Having decided to do business with Coco Chanel, Wertheimer's negotiations to fund the resurgence of the House of Chanel, granted him commercial rights to all Chanel-brand products.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> In 1953, Chanel collaborated with jeweler <a href="/wiki/Robert_Goossens" title="Robert Goossens">Robert Goossens</a>; he was to design jewelry (bijouterie and gemstone) to complement the fashions of the House of Chanel; notably, long-strand necklaces of black pearls and of white pearls, which high contrast softened the severe design of the knitted-wool Chanel Suit (skirt and cardigan jacket).<a href="#cite_note-ContemporaryFashion-6">[6]</a> The House of Chanel also presented leather handbags with either gold-colour chains or metal-and-leather chains, which allowed carrying the handbag from the shoulder or in hand. The quilted-leather handbag was presented to the public in February 1955. In-house, the numeric version of the launching date "<a href="/wiki/Chanel_2.55" title="Chanel 2.55">Chanel 2.55</a>" for that line of handbags became the internal "appellation" for that model of the quilted-leather handbag.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a> The firm's initial venture into masculine parfumerie was an <a href="/wiki/Eau_de_toilette" title="Eau de toilette">eau de toilette</a> called Pour Monsieur. Chanel and her spring collection received the Fashion Oscar at the 1957 <a href="/wiki/Neiman_Marcus_Fashion_Award" title="Neiman Marcus Fashion Award">Fashion Awards</a> in Dallas. Pierre Wertheimer bought Bader's 20 per cent share of the Parfums Chanel, which increased the Wertheimer percentage to 90 per cent.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Woman_wearing_a_Chanel_cheongsam_with_oriental_robe_and_a_feather_hat_in1950s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Woman_wearing_a_Chanel_cheongsam_with_oriental_robe_and_a_feather_hat_in1950s.jpg/250px-Woman_wearing_a_Chanel_cheongsam_with_oriental_robe_and_a_feather_hat_in1950s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Woman_wearing_a_Chanel_cheongsam_with_oriental_robe_and_a_feather_hat_in1950s.jpg/330px-Woman_wearing_a_Chanel_cheongsam_with_oriental_robe_and_a_feather_hat_in1950s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Woman_wearing_a_Chanel_cheongsam_with_oriental_robe_and_a_feather_hat_in1950s.jpg/500px-Woman_wearing_a_Chanel_cheongsam_with_oriental_robe_and_a_feather_hat_in1950s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1801" data-file-height="2697" /></a><figcaption>Woman wearing a Chanel cheongsam with robe and a feather hat in 1950s</figcaption></figure> Later, in 1965, Pierre's son, <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Wertheimer" title="Jacques Wertheimer">Jacques Wertheimer</a>, assumed his father's management of the parfumerie.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> About the past business relationship, between Pierre Wertheimer and Coco Chanel, the Chanel attorney, Chambrun said that it had been "one based on a businessman's passion, despite her misplaced feelings of exploitation . . . [thus] when Pierre returned to Paris, full of pride and excitement [after one of his horses won the 1956 English Derby]. He rushed to Coco, expecting congratulations and praise. But she refused to kiss him. She resented him, you see, all her life."<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> Coco Chanel died on 10 January 1971, at the age of 87.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a> She was still designing at the time of her death.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a> For example, in the (1966–1969) period, she designed the air hostess uniforms for <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Airlines" title="Olympic Airlines">Olympic Airways</a>, the designer who followed her was <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Cardin" title="Pierre Cardin">Pierre Cardin</a>. In that time, Olympic Airways was a luxury airline, owned by the transport magnate <a href="/wiki/Aristotle_Onassis" title="Aristotle Onassis">Aristotle Onassis</a>. After her death, the leadership of the company was handed down to Yvonne Dudel, Jean Cazaubon and Philippe Guibourgé.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a> So far, the bags designed by Chanel are still very popular in the vintage market.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> After a period of time, Jacques Wertheimer bought the controlling interest of the House of Chanel.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> Critics stated that during his leadership, he never paid much attention to the company, as he was more interested in horse breeding.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> In 1974, the House of Chanel launched Cristalle eau de toilette, which was designed when Coco Chanel was alive. 1978 saw the launch of the first non-couture, prêt-à-porter line and worldwide distribution of accessories. <a href="/wiki/Alain_Wertheimer" title="Alain Wertheimer">Alain Wertheimer</a>, son of Jacques Wertheimer, assumed control of Chanel S.A. in 1974.<a href="#cite_note-directory-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> In the U.S., No. 5 de Chanel was not selling well.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> Alain revamped Chanel No.5 sales by reducing the number of outlets carrying the fragrance from 18,000 to 12,000. He removed the perfume from drugstore shelves and invested millions of dollars in advertisement for Chanel cosmetics. This ensured a greater sense of scarcity and exclusivity for No.5, and sales rocketed back up as demand for the fragrance increased.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> He used famous people to endorse the perfume – from <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe" title="Marilyn Monroe">Marilyn Monroe</a> to <a href="/wiki/Audrey_Tautou" title="Audrey Tautou">Audrey Tautou</a>. Looking for a designer who could bring the label to new heights, he persuaded <a href="/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld" title="Karl Lagerfeld">Karl Lagerfeld</a> to end his contract with fashion house <a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9" title="Chloé">Chloé</a>. Chanel has partnered with friends and ambassadors over the years including notable actors, musicians, and other artists: <a href="/wiki/Kwon_Ji-yong" class="mw-redirect" title="Kwon Ji-yong">G-Dragon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jennie_(singer)" title="Jennie (singer)">Jennie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ang%C3%A8le_(singer)" title="Angèle (singer)">Angèle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Whitney_Peak_(actress)" title="Whitney Peak (actress)">Whitney Peak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caroline_de_Maigret" title="Caroline de Maigret">Caroline de Maigret</a>, <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Qualley" title="Margaret Qualley">Margaret Qualley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Song" title="Victoria Song">Victoria Song</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wang_Yibo" title="Wang Yibo">Wang Yibo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minji_(singer)" title="Minji (singer)">Minji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Go_Youn-jung" title="Go Youn-jung">Go Youn-jung</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lily-Rose_Depp" title="Lily-Rose Depp">Lily-Rose Depp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keira_Knightley" title="Keira Knightley">Keira Knightley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kristen_Stewart" title="Kristen Stewart">Kristen Stewart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marion_Cotillard" title="Marion Cotillard">Marion Cotillard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicole_Kidman" title="Nicole Kidman">Nicole Kidman</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pen%C3%A9lope_Cruz" title="Penélope Cruz">Penélope Cruz</a>.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Coco_era_(1980s–present)">Post-Coco era (1980s–present)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Post-Coco era (1980s–present)">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chanel_Haute_Couture_Fall-Winter_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Chanel_Haute_Couture_Fall-Winter_2011.jpg/250px-Chanel_Haute_Couture_Fall-Winter_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Chanel_Haute_Couture_Fall-Winter_2011.jpg/500px-Chanel_Haute_Couture_Fall-Winter_2011.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="848" /></a><figcaption>Chanel couture by Lagerfeld: the A/W 2011–2012 collection</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CHANELYorkdale.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/CHANELYorkdale.jpg/250px-CHANELYorkdale.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/CHANELYorkdale.jpg/330px-CHANELYorkdale.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/CHANELYorkdale.jpg/500px-CHANELYorkdale.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>A Chanel store in North America</figcaption></figure> In 1981, Chanel launched Antaeus, an eau de toilette for men. In 1983 <a href="/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld" title="Karl Lagerfeld">Karl Lagerfeld</a> took over as chief designer for Chanel. Like Chanel, he looked into the past as inspiration for his designs. He incorporated the Chanel fabrics and detailing such as tweed, gold accents, and chains. Lagerfeld retained what was signature for Chanel but also helped bring the brand into the present. In later collections Lagerfeld chose to break away from the ladylike look of Chanel and began to experiment with fabrics and styles. During the 1980s, more than 40 Chanel boutiques opened worldwide. By the end of the 1980s, the boutiques sold goods ranging from US$200-per-ounce perfume, US$225 ballerina slippers to US$11,000 dresses and US$2,000 leather handbags. Chanel cosmetics and fragrances were distributed only by Chanel outlets. Chanel marketer Jean Hoehn explained the firm's approach, saying, "We introduce a new fragrance every 10 years, not every three minutes like many competitors. We don't confuse the consumer. With Chanel, people know what to expect. And they keep coming back to us, at all ages, as they enter and leave the market." 1984 saw the launch of a new fragrance in honor of the founder, <a href="/wiki/Coco_(perfume)" title="Coco (perfume)">Coco</a>. In 1986, the House of Chanel struck a deal with watchmakers and in 1987, the first Chanel watch debuted. By the end of the decade, Alain moved the offices to <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> Maison de Chanel increased the Wertheimer family fortune to US$5 billion. Sales were hurt by the recession of the early 1990s, but Chanel recovered by the mid-1990s with further boutique expansion.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> In 1994, Chanel had a net profit equivalent to €67 million on the sale of €570 million in ready-to-wear clothes and was the most profitable French fashion house.<a href="#cite_note-LBM_2012_58-33">[33]</a> In 1996, Chanel bought gun-makers <a href="/wiki/Holland_%26_Holland" title="Holland & Holland">Holland & Holland</a>, but failed in its attempt to revamp the firm.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> The swimwear label Eres was also purchased in 1996.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> Chanel launched the perfumes Allure in 1996 and Allure Homme in 1998. The House of Chanel launched its first skin care line, Précision, in 1999. That same year, Chanel launched a travel collection, and under a license contract with <a href="/wiki/Luxottica" title="Luxottica">Luxottica</a>, introduced a line of sunglasses and eyeglass frames. While Wertheimer remained chairman, Françoise Montenay became CEO and President. 2000 saw the launch of the first unisex watch by Chanel, the J12. In 2001, watchmaker Bell & Ross was acquired. The same year, Chanel boutiques offering only selections of accessories were opened in the United States. Chanel launched a small selection of menswear as a part of their runway shows. In 2002, Chanel launched the Chance perfume and <a href="/wiki/Paraffection" title="Paraffection">Paraffection</a>, a subsidiary company originally established in 1997<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> to support artisanal manufacturing, that gathered together Ateliers d'Art or workshops including Desrues for ornamentation and buttons, Lemarié for feathers, <a href="/wiki/Maison_Lesage" class="mw-redirect" title="Maison Lesage">Lesage</a> for embroidery, Massaro for shoemaking and Michel for millinery. A prêt-à-porter collection was designed by Karl Lagerfeld. In July 2002, a jewelry and watch outlet opened on <a href="/wiki/Madison_Avenue" title="Madison Avenue">Madison Avenue</a>. Within months, a 1,000-square-foot (90 m2) shoe/handbag boutique opened next door. Chanel continued to expand in the United States and by December 2002, operated 25 U.S. boutiques.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chanel_Store_in_Prince%27s_Building,_Central,_Hong_Kong--2014-12.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Chanel_Store_in_Prince%27s_Building%2C_Central%2C_Hong_Kong--2014-12.jpg/250px-Chanel_Store_in_Prince%27s_Building%2C_Central%2C_Hong_Kong--2014-12.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Chanel_Store_in_Prince%27s_Building%2C_Central%2C_Hong_Kong--2014-12.jpg/330px-Chanel_Store_in_Prince%27s_Building%2C_Central%2C_Hong_Kong--2014-12.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Chanel_Store_in_Prince%27s_Building%2C_Central%2C_Hong_Kong--2014-12.jpg/500px-Chanel_Store_in_Prince%27s_Building%2C_Central%2C_Hong_Kong--2014-12.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="1408" /></a><figcaption>The Chanel flagship store at <a href="/wiki/Prince%27s_Building" title="Prince's Building">Prince's Building</a>, Hong Kong</figcaption></figure> Chanel introduced <a href="/wiki/Coco_Mademoiselle" title="Coco Mademoiselle">Coco Mademoiselle</a> and an "In-Between Wear" in 2003, targeting younger women, opened a second shop on Rue Cambon, opened a 2,400 square feet (220 m2) boutique in <a href="/wiki/Central,_Hong_Kong" title="Central, Hong Kong">Central, Hong Kong</a>, and paid nearly US$50 million for a building in <a href="/wiki/Ginza" title="Ginza">Ginza</a>, Tokyo. In 2007, <a href="/wiki/Maureen_Chiquet" title="Maureen Chiquet">Maureen Chiquet</a> was appointed CEO. She remained CEO until her termination in 2016.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> In 2018, Chanel announced relocation of its global headquarters to London.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> In December of the same year, Chanel announced that it would ban fur and exotic skins from its collections.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> In February 2019, Lagerfeld died at age 85.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> <a href="/wiki/Virginie_Viard" title="Virginie Viard">Virginie Viard</a>, who had worked with Lagerfeld at the fashion house for over 30 years, was named the new Creative Director.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> Viard departed the brand in June 2024.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> In December 2021, <a href="/wiki/Leena_Nair" title="Leena Nair">Leena Nair</a> was appointed Global Chief Executive Officer.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> In February 2024, Chanel opened its U.S. flagship store dedicated to watches and fine jewellery on <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">Fifth Avenue</a> in <a href="/wiki/Midtown_Manhattan" title="Midtown Manhattan">Midtown</a> <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Billionaires%27_Row_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Billionaires' Row (Manhattan)">Billionaires' Row</a>.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> In December 2024, <a href="/wiki/Matthieu_Blazy" title="Matthieu Blazy">Matthieu Blazy</a> was appointed the next Artistic Director of Chanel.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> Previously, he was creative director of Italian leather goods line <a href="/wiki/Bottega_Veneta" title="Bottega Veneta">Bottega Veneta</a> where his work garnered critical acclaim and commercial success.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Exhibitions_and_retrospectives">Exhibitions and retrospectives</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Exhibitions and retrospectives">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Palais_Galliera" title="Palais Galliera">Palais Galliera</a> featured a retrospective Gabrielle Chanel. Fashion Manifesto (October 1, 2020 – August 17, 2021). The exhibit later traveled to <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Ichigokan_Museum,_Tokyo" title="Mitsubishi Ichigokan Museum, Tokyo">Mitsubishi Ichigokan Museum</a> in Tokyo, <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Victoria" title="National Gallery of Victoria">National Gallery of Victoria</a> in Melbourne (December 3, 2021 – April 25, 2022), and will debut at London's <a href="/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum" title="Victoria and Albert Museum">Victoria & Albert Museum</a> (September 16, 2023).<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Thyssen-Bornemisza_Museum" title="Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum">ThyssenBornemisza National Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a> explored the relationship and reciprocal influence between Pablo Picasso and Gabrielle Chanel with a four-part exhibition (October 11, 2022 – January 15, 2023) spanning their works between 1915 and 1925.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>, home to the annual <a href="/wiki/Met_Gala" title="Met Gala">Met Gala</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Financial_centre" title="Financial centre">financial</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fashion_capital" title="Fashion capital">fashion capital</a> of <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, first honoured the house with a (May 5-August 7) 2005 exhibit chronicling the work of Coco Chanel's designs dating back to the 1920s. The museum's <a href="/wiki/Costume_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Costume Institute">Costume Institute</a> will unveil a posthumous retrospective, paying homage to former Creative Director, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld" title="Karl Lagerfeld">Karl Lagerfeld</a> (May 5-July 16).<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Philanthropy,_sustainability,_arts_and_culture">Philanthropy, sustainability, arts and culture</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Philanthropy, sustainability, arts and culture">edit</a>]</div> Fondation Chanel is the philanthropic arm of the house. Founded in 2011, some of the organization's key initiatives include promoting greater healthcare advocacy; addressing the disparities in gender-based violence; and "accelerating economic agency and empowerment". Fondation Chanel has partnered with organizations in Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America, the United Kingdom, and the United States.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Chanel announced (June 2021) an anchor investment in the Landscape Resilience Fund, contributing $25 million to farmers grappling with the impacts of climate change. Setting a new series of science-based targets, the company also launched the No.1 de Chanel beauty and fragrance line in 2022, with 97% naturally derived ingredients and eco-conscious packaging designed. The house also announced goals in accordance with the <a href="/wiki/Paris_climate_agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris climate agreement">Paris Climate Agreement</a> to reduce its carbon footprint by 50% by 2030 and reduce its emissions from value chain by 40% by 2030. As part of the Chanel Mission 1.5 Climate Action Plan, the brand has pledged to transition to 100% renewable electricity by 2025. The company is also sourcing eco-responsible tweeds; shifting to maritime transport with a goal of 80% shipments by sea by 2024; and supporting land and livlihood projects throughout communities in Africa, Southeast Asia, and Latin America.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> In January 2024, Chanel launched an initiative with the consortium of 15 cosmetics-manufacturers, called the Traceability Alliance for Sustainable Cosmetics to catalyze traceability in the cosmetics sector.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arts_and_culture">Arts and culture</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Arts and culture">edit</a>]</div> The Chanel Culture Fund is a global program of initiatives and partnerships. Since its inception, the House has partnered with the <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="National Portrait Gallery, London">National Portrait Gallery</a> (London), <a href="/wiki/Centre_Pompidou" title="Centre Pompidou">The Centre Pompidou</a> (Paris), and the <a href="/wiki/Power_Station_of_Art" title="Power Station of Art">Power Station</a> (Shanghai). The Fund awards an annual prize (Chanel Next Prize) of €100,000 to ten artists in the fields of performing and visual arts.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> Yana Peel, global head of arts and culture said of the Fund in an interview with Harper's Bazaar, "At a time when we are navigating our way through complex new environments around the world, we know that artists generate transformative ideas that help us envision the way forward. Chanel has always championed the vitality and advancement of the arts, and we now expand that tradition through the Fund with a focus on supporting cultural innovators and path-breakers who are mapping out what's next.”<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Corporate_identity">Corporate identity</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Corporate identity">edit</a>]</div> The Chanel logotype comprises two interlocked, opposed letters-C, one faced left, one faced right. The logotype was given to Chanel by the Château de Crémat, Nice, and was not registered as a trademark until the first Chanel shops were established.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> The logo is commonly known to stand for "Coco Chanel" and has become one of the most recognizable logos in the world. It has also become the symbol of prestige, luxury, and class.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> In 2022, Chanel donated €2 million towards <a href="/wiki/Care_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Care International">Care</a> and <a href="/wiki/UNHCR" class="mw-redirect" title="UNHCR">UNHCR</a>, the money will go to Ukraine to help it during the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion</a>.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> Worldwide, Chanel S.A. operates around 310 Chanel boutiques; 94 in Asia, 70 in Europe, 10 in the Middle East, 128 in North America, 1 in Central America, 2 in South America, and 6 in Oceania. The shops are located in wealthy communities, usually in department stores like <a href="/wiki/Harrods" title="Harrods">Harrods</a> and <a href="/wiki/Selfridges" title="Selfridges">Selfridges</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bergdorf_Goodman" title="Bergdorf Goodman">Bergdorf Goodman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neiman_Marcus" title="Neiman Marcus">Neiman Marcus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saks_Fifth_Avenue" title="Saks Fifth Avenue">Saks Fifth Avenue</a>, high streets, shopping districts, and inside airports.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a> In 2015, the company paid a record $152 million for 400 North <a href="/wiki/Rodeo_Drive" title="Rodeo Drive">Rodeo Drive</a> in <a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="Beverly Hills">Beverly Hills</a>. This is the most expensive amount paid for retail space in Los Angeles.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> In October 2020, the company bought its flagship <a href="/wiki/Bond_Street" title="Bond Street">Bond Street</a> boutique in London for £310 million.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trademarks">Trademarks</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Trademarks">edit</a>]</div> One timeline measurement for Chanel presence in the United States is via trademarks registered with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Office" title="United States Patent and Trademark Office">United States Patent and Trademark Office</a> (USPTO). On Tuesday, 18 November 1924, Chanel, Inc. filed trademark applications for the typeset mark Chanel and for the interlocking CC design plus word mark. At that time, the trademarks were registered only for the perfume, toiletry, and cosmetic products in the primary class of common metals and their alloys. Chanel provided the description of face powder, perfume, Eau de Cologne, toilet water, lip stick, and <a href="/wiki/Rouge_(cosmetics)" title="Rouge (cosmetics)">rouge</a>, to the USPTO.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> The Chanel and double-C trademarks were awarded on the same date of 24 February 1925 with respective Serial Numbers of 71205468 and 71205469. The first trademark application for the No. 5 perfume was on Thursday, 1 April 1926, described as perfume and toilet water. First use and commercial use was stated as 1 January 1921. Registration was granted on 20 July 1926 with Serial Number 71229497. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Combatting_counterfeits">Combatting counterfeits</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Combatting counterfeits">edit</a>]</div> Along with other makers, Chanel is a target of counterfeiters.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> An authentic classic Chanel handbag retails from around US$4,150, while a counterfeit usually costs around US$200. Beginning in the 1990s, all authentic Chanel handbags were numbered. In 2018, Chanel filed suit in the Federal District Court of the Southern District of New York, alleging The RealReal was hosting counterfeit (fake) Chanel products on their website and implying to customers that an affiliation existed between the two.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> Due to the high volume of Chanel counterfeits, the legal department at Chanel has set up a website to educate consumers about "Spotting Fake vs Authentic CHANEL Products."<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> Many fashion bloggers<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> are spreading awareness about identifying fake luxury items such as Chanel's products.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Chanel_logo_interlocking_cs.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Two interlocking Cs for "Coco Chanel", introduced ca. 1990"><img alt="Two interlocking Cs for "Coco Chanel", introduced ca. 1990" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/92/Chanel_logo_interlocking_cs.svg/120px-Chanel_logo_interlocking_cs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/92/Chanel_logo_interlocking_cs.svg/180px-Chanel_logo_interlocking_cs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/92/Chanel_logo_interlocking_cs.svg/240px-Chanel_logo_interlocking_cs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="153" data-file-height="98" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Two interlocking Cs for "Coco Chanel", introduced ca. 1990</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:OrigChanel-No5logo1926-trademarkia.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="Perfume label trademark "No. 5 de Chanel" and font, introduced in 1926"><img alt="Perfume label trademark "No. 5 de Chanel" and font, introduced in 1926" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/dd/OrigChanel-No5logo1926-trademarkia.jpeg/120px-OrigChanel-No5logo1926-trademarkia.jpeg" decoding="async" width="120" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/dd/OrigChanel-No5logo1926-trademarkia.jpeg/250px-OrigChanel-No5logo1926-trademarkia.jpeg 1.5x" data-file-width="309" data-file-height="140" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Perfume label trademark "No. 5 de Chanel" and font, introduced in 1926</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Orig-ChanelWordlogo1924-trademarkia.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Logo name and font, introduced in 1924"><img alt="Logo name and font, introduced in 1924" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8b/Orig-ChanelWordlogo1924-trademarkia.jpg/120px-Orig-ChanelWordlogo1924-trademarkia.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8b/Orig-ChanelWordlogo1924-trademarkia.jpg/180px-Orig-ChanelWordlogo1924-trademarkia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8b/Orig-ChanelWordlogo1924-trademarkia.jpg/240px-Orig-ChanelWordlogo1924-trademarkia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="295" data-file-height="68" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Logo name and font, introduced in 1924</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Chanel_logo-no_words.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Interlocking Cs used on Chanel products"><img alt="Interlocking Cs used on Chanel products" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/70/Chanel_logo-no_words.svg/120px-Chanel_logo-no_words.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/70/Chanel_logo-no_words.svg/180px-Chanel_logo-no_words.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/70/Chanel_logo-no_words.svg/240px-Chanel_logo-no_words.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="101" data-file-height="74" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Interlocking Cs used on Chanel products</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Products">Products</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Products">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ernest_Beaux.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Ernest_Beaux.jpg/250px-Ernest_Beaux.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="362" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Ernest_Beaux.jpg/500px-Ernest_Beaux.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="906" /></a><figcaption>Le nez de Chanel: the perfumer Ernest Beaux (1881–1961) created No. 5 de Chanel in 1921.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CHANEL_No5_parfum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/CHANEL_No5_parfum.jpg/250px-CHANEL_No5_parfum.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="454" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/CHANEL_No5_parfum.jpg/375px-CHANEL_No5_parfum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/CHANEL_No5_parfum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="727" /></a><figcaption>Chanel presented Perfume No. 5 to the market in 1922; created by Ernest Beaux in 1921</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fragrance">Fragrance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Fragrance">edit</a>]</div> In 1924, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Wertheimer" title="Pierre Wertheimer">Pierre Wertheimer</a> founded Parfums Chanel, to produce and sell perfumes and cosmetics; the parfumerie proved to be the most profitable business division of the Chanel S.A. corporation.<a href="#cite_note-funding-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> Since its establishment, parfumerie Chanel has employed four <a href="/wiki/Perfumer" title="Perfumer">perfumers</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Beaux" title="Ernest Beaux">Ernest Beaux</a> (1920–1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Robert" title="Henri Robert">Henri Robert</a> (1958–1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Polge" title="Jacques Polge">Jacques Polge</a> (1978–2015)</li> <li>Olivier Polge (2015–present)</li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chanel_MYER_Sydney_City_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Chanel_MYER_Sydney_City_2013.jpg/250px-Chanel_MYER_Sydney_City_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Chanel_MYER_Sydney_City_2013.jpg/375px-Chanel_MYER_Sydney_City_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Chanel_MYER_Sydney_City_2013.jpg/500px-Chanel_MYER_Sydney_City_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4606" data-file-height="3454" /></a><figcaption>Fragrance and Skincare counter at <a href="/wiki/Myer" title="Myer">Myer</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Perfumes">Perfumes</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Perfumes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>Allure EDT</li> <li>Allure Eau Sensuelle EDP</li> <li>Allure Eau Sensuelle EDT</li> <li>Chance Eau Vive</li> <li>Chance Eau Fraiche</li> <li>Chance Eau Tendre</li> <li>Coco</li> <li>Coco Mademoiselle</li> <li>Coco Noir</li> <li>Cristalle</li> <li>Cristalle Eau Verte</li> <li>No. 5</li> <li>No. 19</li> <li>No. 19 Poudre</li> <li>No 22</li> <li>Gardénia</li> <li>Bois des Iles</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuir_de_Russie" title="Cuir de Russie">Cuir de Russie</a></li> <li>Eau de Cologne</li> <li>31 Rue Cambon</li> <li>No. 18</li> <li>Coromandel</li> <li>Bel Respiro</li> <li>28 La Pausa (named for <a href="/wiki/La_Pausa" title="La Pausa">La Pausa</a>, Chanel's villa on the French Riviera)<a href="#cite_note-NYTParis-99">[99]</a></li> <li>Sycomore</li> <li>Beige</li> <li>Jersey</li> <li>1932</li> <li>Misia</li> <li>Boy</li> <li>1957</li> <li>Le Lion de Chanel</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Colognes">Colognes</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Colognes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_perfumes" title="List of perfumes">Allure pour Homme</a></li> <li>Allure pour Homme Sport</li> <li>Allure pour Homme Eau Extreme</li> <li>Allure pour Homme Cologne Sport</li> <li>Allure Homme Edition Blanche</li> <li>Antaeus</li> <li>Égoïste</li> <li>Platinum Égoïste</li> <li>Bleu De Chanel Eau de Toilette</li> <li>Bleu De Chanel Eau de Parfum</li> <li>Bleu De Chanel Parfum</li> <li>Pour Monsieur</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Makeup_and_skincare">Makeup and skincare</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Makeup and skincare">edit</a>]</div> Cosmetics are the most accessible Chanel product, with counters in department stores across the world, including <a href="/wiki/Harrods" title="Harrods">Harrods</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galeries_Lafayette" title="Galeries Lafayette">Galeries Lafayette</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bergdorf_Goodman" title="Bergdorf Goodman">Bergdorf Goodman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hudson%27s_Bay_(retailer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hudson's Bay (retailer)">Hudson's Bay</a>, and <a href="/wiki/David_Jones_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="David Jones Limited">David Jones</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wojooh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wojooh (page does not exist)">Wojooh</a>, Selfridges & Co,<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> John Lewis, Boots as well as its own beauty boutiques. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Products_lines">Products lines</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Products lines">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>Mascara</li> <li>LA MOUSSE</li> <li>Hydra Beauty</li> <li>Le Blanc</li> <li>Le Lift</li> <li>Sublimage</li> <li>Blue Serum</li> <li>La Solution 10 de Chanel</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vamp_Nail_Polish" title="Vamp Nail Polish">Vamp Nail Polish</a></li> <li>N°1 line (skincare and makeup products based on holistic beauty and eco-friendly principles)<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fine_jewellery">Fine jewellery</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Fine jewellery">edit</a>]</div> Chanel 'High Jewellery' was founded in November 1932. Chanel debuted 'Bijoux de Diamants' at her Faubourg Saint-Honoré, Paris mansion.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> It was also the first high-end jewelry collection created by a fashion designer.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> The 'Bijoux de Diamants' was inspired by celestial forms such as stars, comets, and the moon. Gabrielle Chanel designed an estimated 50 pieces with white and yellow diamonds set in platinum and yellow gold.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> The collection, a collaboration with the London Diamond Corporation, aimed to revitalize the diamond trade during the Great Depression.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> In 2012, the company created a special collection to celebrate Diamants' 80th anniversary. Current collections include High Jewelry, Camelia, Comete, Coco Crush, Baroque, 1932, Ultra, Bridal and Jewelry Watches.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Watches">Watches</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Watches">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Chanel_J12" title="Chanel J12">Chanel J12</a></div> The Chanel <a href="/wiki/Wristwatch" class="mw-redirect" title="Wristwatch">wristwatch</a> division was established in 1987.<a href="#cite_note-watchave-107">[107]</a> In 1995, division presented a second design, the Matelassé.<a href="#cite_note-watchave-107">[107]</a> Although the Première and Matelassé wristwatches were successful products, the presentation, in 2000, of the <a href="/wiki/Chanel_J12" title="Chanel J12">Chanel J12</a> line of unisex style wristwatches, made of ceramic materials, established Chanel wristwatches as a Chanel marque.<a href="#cite_note-watchave-107">[107]</a> The J12 line of wristwatches features models in four dial-face sizes: 33mm, 38mm, 41mm, and 42mm.<a href="#cite_note-watchave-107">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-maillard-108">[108]</a> In 2008, Chanel S.A. and <a href="/wiki/Audemars_Piguet" title="Audemars Piguet">Audemars Piguet</a> developed the <a href="/wiki/Ceramic" title="Ceramic">ceramic</a> Chanel AP-3125 clockwork, exclusive to the House of Chanel.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> As of 2024, Chanel holds 25% stake in <a href="/wiki/MB%26F" title="MB&F">MB&F</a>, 20% in <a href="/wiki/F._P._Journe" title="F. P. Journe">F. P. Journe</a> and undisclosed stake in <a href="/wiki/Romain_Gauthier" title="Romain Gauthier">Romain Gauthier</a>.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wine">Wine</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Wine">edit</a>]</div> Chanel owns the wineries <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_Rauzan-S%C3%A9gla" title="Château Rauzan-Ségla">Château Rauzan-Ségla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_Canon_(Saint-%C3%89milion)" title="Château Canon (Saint-Émilion)">Château Canon</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Sup%C3%A9ry_Estate_Vineyards_%26_Winery" title="St. Supéry Estate Vineyards & Winery">St. Supéry Estate Vineyards & Winery</a>, and Domaine de i'lle located on the island of Porquerolles in the Cotes de Provence AOP. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Swimwear">Swimwear</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Swimwear">edit</a>]</div> In 2018, Chanel acquired clothing brand Orlebar Brown,<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> specializing in tailored men's swim shorts. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gallery">Gallery</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Gallery">edit</a>]</div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Chanel_2.55.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chanel handbag in quilted-leather with adjustable double-chains to wear on the arm or shoulder."><img alt="Chanel handbag in quilted-leather with adjustable double-chains to wear on the arm or shoulder." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Chanel_2.55.jpg/120px-Chanel_2.55.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Chanel_2.55.jpg/250px-Chanel_2.55.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2832" data-file-height="4256" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Chanel handbag in quilted-leather with adjustable double-chains to wear on the arm or shoulder.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:1965_Chanel_suit_and_silk_blouse_detail2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A 1965 Chanel suit showing the chain that is a distinctive technique for constructing a Chanel suit. It gives even light-weight materials a good drape and stabilize the suit as it weighs down the hem.[112][113]"><img alt="A 1965 Chanel suit showing the chain that is a distinctive technique for constructing a Chanel suit. It gives even light-weight materials a good drape and stabilize the suit as it weighs down the hem.[112][113]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/1965_Chanel_suit_and_silk_blouse_detail2.jpg/90px-1965_Chanel_suit_and_silk_blouse_detail2.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/1965_Chanel_suit_and_silk_blouse_detail2.jpg/135px-1965_Chanel_suit_and_silk_blouse_detail2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/1965_Chanel_suit_and_silk_blouse_detail2.jpg/180px-1965_Chanel_suit_and_silk_blouse_detail2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">A 1965 Chanel suit showing the <a href="/wiki/Chain" title="Chain">chain</a> that is a distinctive technique for constructing a Chanel suit. It gives even light-weight materials a good <a href="/wiki/Drapery#Drape" title="Drapery">drape</a> and stabilize the suit as it weighs down the hem.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Baudouin_1969.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Belgian King Baudouin and Queen Fabiola visit the Nixon White House with a quilted leather Chanel handbag in 1969."><img alt="Belgian King Baudouin and Queen Fabiola visit the Nixon White House with a quilted leather Chanel handbag in 1969." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Baudouin_1969.jpg/89px-Baudouin_1969.jpg" decoding="async" width="89" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Baudouin_1969.jpg/133px-Baudouin_1969.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Baudouin_1969.jpg/177px-Baudouin_1969.jpg 2x" data-file-width="908" data-file-height="1227" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Belgian <a href="/wiki/Baudouin_of_Belgium" title="Baudouin of Belgium">King Baudouin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fabiola_de_Mora_y_Arag%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabiola de Mora y Aragón">Queen Fabiola</a> visit the <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a> White House with a quilted leather Chanel handbag in 1969.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Chanel_Original_Robot_Clutch.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chanel original Robot clutch"><img alt="Chanel original Robot clutch" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chanel_Original_Robot_Clutch.jpg/120px-Chanel_Original_Robot_Clutch.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chanel_Original_Robot_Clutch.jpg/250px-Chanel_Original_Robot_Clutch.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2884" data-file-height="3545" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Chanel original Robot clutch</div> </li> </ul><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border:1px solid grey;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; background:#eaecf0;">Fashion collections and runway shows</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Designer </th> <th>Season </th> <th>City </th> <th>Locale </th> <th>Presentation date </th> <th>Line </th> <th>Theme </th> <th>For sale </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="46" style="text-align:center;">Karl Lagerfeld </td> <td>Fall–Winter 2010 </td> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Palais" title="Grand Palais">Grand Palais</a> </td> <td>6 July 2010 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td>A lion </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spring–Summer 2011 </td> <td>5 October 2010 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>An orchestra </td> <td>March 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Paris–Byzance </td> <td>31 rue Cambon </td> <td>7 December 2010 </td> <td>A Byzantine palace </td> <td>May 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spring–Summer 2011 </td> <td>Pavillon Cambon–Capucines </td> <td>25 January 2011 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td>Ballet<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fall–Winter 2011 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grand_Palais" title="Grand Palais">Grand Palais</a> </td> <td>8 March 2011 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>A frozen garden </td> <td>September 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cruise 2011 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antibes" title="Antibes">Antibes</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_du_Cap" title="Hôtel du Cap">Hôtel du Cap</a> </td> <td>5 May 2011 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cruise_collection" title="Cruise collection">Cruise collection</a> </td> <td>Outdoors </td> <td>November 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fall–Winter 2011 </td> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </td> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Palais" title="Grand Palais">Grand Palais</a> </td> <td>5 July 2011 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td>Night-time Place Vendôme<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spring–summer 2012 </td> <td>4 October 2011 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>Under the Sea and Florence </td> <td>March 2012 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Paris–Bombay </td> <td>6 December 2011 </td> <td>An Indian palace<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> </td> <td>May 2012 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spring–Summer 2012 </td> <td>24 January 2012 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td>An aeroplane in flight<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fall–Winter 2012–2013 </td> <td>6 March 2012 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>Quartz World </td> <td>September 2012 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cruise 2013 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Versailles_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Versailles (city)">Versailles</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Versailles" title="Palace of Versailles">Palace of Versailles</a> </td> <td>13 May 2012 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cruise_collection" title="Cruise collection">Cruise collection</a> </td> <td>Gardens of Versailles </td> <td>November 2012 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fall–Winter 2012 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Palais" title="Grand Palais">Grand Palais</a> </td> <td>3 July 2012 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td>New Vintage </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spring–Summer 2013 </td> <td>2 October 2012 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>New energy </td> <td>March 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Paris-Edinburgh </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Linlithgow" title="Linlithgow">Linlithgow</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Linlithgow_Palace" title="Linlithgow Palace">Linlithgow Palace</a> </td> <td>4 December 2012 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>Barbarian romance </td> <td>May 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spring–Summer 2013 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Palais" title="Grand Palais">Grand Palais</a> </td> <td>22 January 2013 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td>The Forest </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fall–Winter 2013–2014 </td> <td>5 March 2013 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>Around the world </td> <td>September 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cruise 2014 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> </td> <td>Dempsey Hill Army Barracks </td> <td>9 May 2013 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cruise_collection" title="Cruise collection">Cruise collection</a> </td> <td>Vacation </td> <td>November 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fall–Winter 2013–2014 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Palais" title="Grand Palais">Grand Palais</a> </td> <td>2 July 2013 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td>The future<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spring–Summer 2014 </td> <td>1 October 2013 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>Art </td> <td>March 2014 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Métiers d'art Paris-Dallas 2013–2014 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fair_Park" title="Fair Park">Fair Park</a> </td> <td>11 December 2013 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>Texas/ Americana </td> <td>May 2014 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spring–Summer 2014 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Palais" title="Grand Palais">Grand Palais</a> </td> <td>21 January 2014 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td>Sport<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fall–Winter 2014–2015 </td> <td>4 March 2014 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>The Chanel Shopping Center </td> <td>September 2014 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cruise 2015 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_World_(archipelago)" title="The World (archipelago)">The World</a> </td> <td>14 May 2014 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cruise_collection" title="Cruise collection">Cruise collection</a> </td> <td>Arabia </td> <td>November 2014 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fall–Winter 2014–2015 </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Palais" title="Grand Palais">Grand Palais</a> </td> <td>8 July 2014 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pied-%C3%A0-terre" title="Pied-à-terre">Pied-à-terre</a> </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spring–Summer 2015 </td> <td>30 September 2014 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>Chanel Boulevard </td> <td>March 2015 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spring–Summer 2015 </td> <td>27 January 2015 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td>Paper Flowers </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fall–Winter 2015–2016 </td> <td>10 March 2015 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>Brasserie </td> <td>September 2015 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cruise 2016 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dongdaemun_Design_Plaza" title="Dongdaemun Design Plaza">Dongdaemun Design Plaza</a> </td> <td>4 May 2015 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cruise_collection" title="Cruise collection">Cruise collection</a> </td> <td>K-pop </td> <td>November 2015 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fall–Winter 2015–2016 </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Palais" title="Grand Palais">Grand Palais</a> </td> <td>7 July 2015 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td>Casino </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spring–Summer 2016 </td> <td>6 October 2015 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>Airport </td> <td>March 2016 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spring–Summer 2016 </td> <td>26 January 2016 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td>Zen garden </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fall–Winter 2016–2017 </td> <td>8 March 2016 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>No set </td> <td>September 2016 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cruise 2017 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paseo_del_Prado,_Havana" title="Paseo del Prado, Havana">Paseo del Prado, Havana</a> </td> <td>4 May 2016 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cruise_collection" title="Cruise collection">Cruise collection</a> </td> <td>Old Havana </td> <td>November 2016 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fall–Winter 2016–2017 </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Palais" title="Grand Palais">Grand Palais</a> </td> <td>5 July 2016 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td>Atelier </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spring–Summer 2017 </td> <td>4 October 2016 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>Mainframe </td> <td>March 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spring–Summer 2017 </td> <td>24 January 2017 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td>Mirrors </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fall–Winter 2017–2018 </td> <td>7 March 2017 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>Space Exploration </td> <td>September 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Métiers d'art Paris–Hamburg 2017–2018 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elbphilharmonie" title="Elbphilharmonie">Elbphilharmonie</a> </td> <td>6 December 2017 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>Sailors Uniforms<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> </td> <td>May 2018 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spring–Summer 2018 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Palais" title="Grand Palais">Grand Palais</a> </td> <td>23 January 2018 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td>French Garden<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cruise 2018 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </td> <td>3 May 2018 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cruise_collection" title="Cruise collection">Cruise collection</a> </td> <td>Cruise<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fall–Winter 2018–2019 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </td> <td>3 July 2018 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td>Atelier </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spring–Summer 2019 </td> <td>3 October 2018 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>Chanel by the Sea </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Métiers d'art Paris–New York 2018–2019 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">New York</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a> </td> <td>6 December 2019 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>Ancient Egypt<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> </td> <td>June 2019 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spring–Summer 2019 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Palais" title="Grand Palais">Grand Palais</a> </td> <td>23 January 2019 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td>Mirrors </td> <td>On order </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fall–Winter 2019–2020 </td> <td>6 March 2019 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">Ready-to-wear</a> </td> <td>Chanel in the Snow / Alpine Village </td> <td>September 2019 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Virginie Viard </td> <td>Cruise 2019–2020 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </td> <td>3 May 2019 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cruise_collection" title="Cruise collection">Cruise collection</a> </td> <td>Train Station </td> <td>November 2019 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fall–Winter 2019–2020 </td> <td>2 July 2019 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">Haute couture</a> </td> <td>Coco's Library </td> <td>On order </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poque" title="Belle Époque">Belle Époque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chanel_ready-to-wear_collection" title="Chanel ready-to-wear collection">Chanel ready-to-wear collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink_Chanel_suit_of_Jacqueline_Bouvier_Kennedy" title="Pink Chanel suit of Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy">Pink Chanel suit of Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/business-44559671">"Chanel lifts the veil on its profits for the first time"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. 21 June 2018. 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Retrieved 21 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Chanel+80+Years+Later%3A+Coco%27s+First+High+Jewelry+Collection+Reimagined&rft.date=2012-10-09&rft.issn=0040-781X&rft.aulast=Skarda&rft.aufirst=Erin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstyle.time.com%2F2012%2F10%2F09%2Fchanel-80-years-later-cocos-first-high-jewelry-collection-reimagined%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFilip2018" class="citation web cs1">Filip, Dorian (29 December 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dsfantiquejewelry.com/blogs/time-blog/chanel-7-peculiar-facts-you-didnt-know">"Chanel: 7 Peculiar Facts You Didn't Know"</a>. DSF Antique Jewelry. Retrieved 21 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DSF+Antique+Jewelry&rft.atitle=Chanel%3A+7+Peculiar+Facts+You+Didn%27t+Know&rft.date=2018-12-29&rft.aulast=Filip&rft.aufirst=Dorian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdsfantiquejewelry.com%2Fblogs%2Ftime-blog%2Fchanel-7-peculiar-facts-you-didnt-know&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarl2024" class="citation web cs1">Carl, Renee (7 June 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://harpersbazaar.com.au/chanel-1932-high-jewellery-collection/">"Star attraction: The story behind Chanel's '1932' high jewellery collection"</a>. Harper's Bazaar Australia. Photographed by Bamford, Lauren; styled by Clarke, Karla. Retrieved 21 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Harper%27s+Bazaar+Australia&rft.atitle=Star+attraction%3A+The+story+behind+Chanel%27s+%271932%27+high+jewellery+collection&rft.date=2024-06-07&rft.aulast=Carl&rft.aufirst=Renee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fharpersbazaar.com.au%2Fchanel-1932-high-jewellery-collection%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chanel.com/en_GB/Jewellery/">"Fine Jewellery & High Jewellery – CHANEL"</a>. chanel.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130110095840/http://www.chanel.com/en_GB/Jewellery/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=chanel.com&rft.atitle=Fine+Jewellery+%26+High+Jewellery+%E2%80%93+CHANEL&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chanel.com%2Fen_GB%2FJewellery%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-watchave-107">^ <a href="#cite_ref-watchave_107-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-watchave_107-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-watchave_107-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-watchave_107-3">d</a> Roulet, Christophe. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thewatchavenue.com/qh/index.php?Code=ENT&ID=706">The Chanel J12, from here to eternity</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130810015626/http://www.thewatchavenue.com/qh/index.php?Code=ENT&ID=706">Archived</a> 10 August 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The Watch Avenue, 22 June 2009. Retrieved 9 April 2012 </li> <li id="cite_note-maillard-108"><a href="#cite_ref-maillard_108-0">^</a> Maillard, Pierre. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.europastar.com/magazine/cover-stories/1003924978-chanel-44-watchmaking-legitimacy.html">Chanel, watchmaking legitimacy</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111017204024/http://www.europastar.com/magazine/cover-stories/1003924978-chanel-44-watchmaking-legitimacy.html">Archived</a> 17 October 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Europa Star, 5 January 2009. Retrieved 9 April 2011 </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://watches.infoniac.com/index.php?page=articles&catid=5">"Exclusive World of Chanel Watches Watches Channel"</a>. watches.infoniac.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080211232830/http://watches.infoniac.com/index.php?page=articles&catid=5">Archived</a> from the original on 11 February 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=watches.infoniac.com&rft.atitle=Exclusive+World+of+Chanel+Watches+Watches+Channel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwatches.infoniac.com%2Findex.php%3Fpage%3Darticles%26catid%3D5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFArteche2024" class="citation web cs1">Arteche, Katherine (22 August 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://revolutionwatch.com/chanel-mbandf-stake/?utm_campaign=557364_23%20Aug%20NL&utm_medium=email&utm_source=Revolution%20Media%20Pte.%20Ltd.&dm_i=7L2H,BY2C,5K9CSO,1NJVM,1">"Chanel Acquires 25% Stake in MB&F"</a>. Revolution Watch. Retrieved 28 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Revolution+Watch&rft.atitle=Chanel+Acquires+25%25+Stake+in+MB%26F&rft.date=2024-08-22&rft.aulast=Arteche&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frevolutionwatch.com%2Fchanel-mbandf-stake%2F%3Futm_campaign%3D557364_23%2520Aug%2520NL%26utm_medium%3Demail%26utm_source%3DRevolution%2520Media%2520Pte.%2520Ltd.%26dm_i%3D7L2H%2CBY2C%2C5K9CSO%2C1NJVM%2C1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/news-analysis/chanel-acquires-orlebar-brown/">"Chanel Acquires Orlebar Brown"</a>. Business of Fashion. 28 September 2018. Retrieved 13 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+of+Fashion&rft.atitle=Chanel+Acquires+Orlebar+Brown&rft.date=2018-09-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessoffashion.com%2Farticles%2Fnews-analysis%2Fchanel-acquires-orlebar-brown%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asg.org/the-gilded-chain-of-chanel/">"The Gilded Chain of Chanel"</a>. www.asg.org. American Sewing Guild. 1 April 2022. Retrieved 29 January 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.asg.org&rft.atitle=The+Gilded+Chain+of+Chanel&rft.date=2022-04-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asg.org%2Fthe-gilded-chain-of-chanel%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSterlacciArbuckle2017" class="citation book cs1">Sterlacci, Francesca; Arbuckle, Joanne (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jycnDwAAQBAJ">Historical Dictionary of the Fashion Industry</a> (2 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Rowman_%26_Littlefield" title="Rowman & Littlefield">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. p. 107. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1442239098" title="Special:BookSources/978-1442239098"><bdi>978-1442239098</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+the+Fashion+Industry&rft.pages=107&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1442239098&rft.aulast=Sterlacci&rft.aufirst=Francesca&rft.au=Arbuckle%2C+Joanne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjycnDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chanel.com/fashion/8#8-spring-summer-2011-haute-couture-chanel-fashion-show-22,0">Spring–Summer 2011 Haute Couture Video"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110612182958/http://www.chanel.com/fashion/8#8-spring-summer-2011-haute-couture-chanel-fashion-show-22,0">Archived</a> 12 June 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, CHANEL </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hautecouturenews.com/2011/collections/chanel-ss2011/">CHANEL Couture SS2011"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714075106/http://www.hautecouturenews.com/2011/collections/chanel-ss2011/">Archived</a> 14 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Haute Couture News </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chanel.com/fashion/8-fall-winter-2011-12-haute-couture--chanel-fashion-show-25,0#8-fall-winter-2011-12-haute-couture--chanel-fashion-show-25,0">Fall–Winter 2011 Haute Couture Video"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110809073205/http://www.chanel.com/fashion/8-fall-winter-2011-12-haute-couture--chanel-fashion-show-25%2C0">Archived</a> 9 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, CHANEL </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hautecouturenews.com/2011/collections/chanel-fw2011/">CHANEL Couture FW2011"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110715175936/http://www.hautecouturenews.com/2011/collections/chanel-fw2011/">Archived</a> 15 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Haute Couture News </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111201193030/http://www.chanel.com/fashion/6-pret-a-porter-primavera-verano-2012-desfile-moda-chanel-26%2C0#6-metiers-d-art-paris-bombay-2011-12--desfile-moda-chanel-27,0">"Prêt-à-Porter Primavera-Verano 2012 CHANEL - Video"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chanel.com/fashion/6-pret-a-porter-primavera-verano-2012-desfile-moda-chanel-26,0#6-metiers-d-art-paris-bombay-2011-12--desfile-moda-chanel-27,0">the original</a> on 1 December 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pr%C3%AAt-%C3%A0-Porter+Primavera-Verano+2012+CHANEL+-+Video&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chanel.com%2Ffashion%2F6-pret-a-porter-primavera-verano-2012-desfile-moda-chanel-26%2C0%236-metiers-d-art-paris-bombay-2011-12--desfile-moda-chanel-27%2C0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988">, CHANEL </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120206135203/http://www.chanel.com/fashion/8#8-spring-summer-2012-haute-couture--chanel-fashion-show-28,0">"CHANEL Official site – FASHION ACCESSORIES, EYEWEAR, READY-TO-WEAR AND HAUTE COUTURE COLLECTIONS"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chanel.com/fashion/8#8-spring-summer-2012-haute-couture--chanel-fashion-show-28,0">the original</a> on 6 February 2012. Retrieved 7 February 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CHANEL+Official+site+%E2%80%93+FASHION+ACCESSORIES%2C+EYEWEAR%2C+READY-TO-WEAR+AND+HAUTE+COUTURE+COLLECTIONS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chanel.com%2Ffashion%2F8%238-spring-summer-2012-haute-couture--chanel-fashion-show-28%2C0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988">, CHANEL </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130904171153/http://fashionide.com/sci-fi-chanel-couture-fall-winter-2013/">"Sci-Fi Chanel"</a>. The Fashionide. 24 July 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fashionide.com/sci-fi-chanel-couture-fall-winter-2013/">the original</a> on 4 September 2013. Retrieved 22 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Fashionide&rft.atitle=Sci-Fi+Chanel&rft.date=2013-07-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffashionide.com%2Fsci-fi-chanel-couture-fall-winter-2013%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140318001626/http://fashionide.com/chanel-spring-summer-2014-haute-couture/">"Boyish Attitude"</a>. The Fashionide. 11 March 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fashionide.com/chanel-spring-summer-2014-haute-couture/">the original</a> on 18 March 2014. Retrieved 22 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Fashionide&rft.atitle=Boyish+Attitude&rft.date=2014-03-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffashionide.com%2Fchanel-spring-summer-2014-haute-couture%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/pre-fall-2018/chanel">"Chanel Pre-Fall 2018 Fashion Show"</a>. Vogue. 6 December 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180218122014/https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/pre-fall-2018/chanel">Archived</a> from the original on 18 February 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vogue&rft.atitle=Chanel+Pre-Fall+2018+Fashion+Show&rft.date=2017-12-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vogue.com%2Ffashion-shows%2Fpre-fall-2018%2Fchanel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCHANEL2017" class="citation web cs1">CHANEL (28 December 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v4B4WnkwOz4">"The Paris-Hamburg 2017/18 Métiers d'art show – CHANEL"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180126031007/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v4B4WnkwOz4">Archived</a> from the original on 26 January 2018 – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Paris-Hamburg+2017%2F18+M%C3%A9tiers+d%27art+show+%E2%80%93+CHANEL&rft.date=2017-12-28&rft.au=CHANEL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dv4B4WnkwOz4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2018-couture/chanel">"Chanel Spring 2018 Couture Fashion Show"</a>. Vogue. 23 January 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180224173457/https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2018-couture/chanel">Archived</a> from the original on 24 February 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vogue&rft.atitle=Chanel+Spring+2018+Couture+Fashion+Show&rft.date=2018-01-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vogue.com%2Ffashion-shows%2Fspring-2018-couture%2Fchanel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/resort-2019/chanel">"Chanel Resort 2019 Fashion Show"</a>. Vogue. 3 May 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vogue&rft.atitle=Chanel+Resort+2019+Fashion+Show&rft.date=2018-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vogue.com%2Ffashion-shows%2Fresort-2019%2Fchanel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChernikoff2018" class="citation web cs1">Chernikoff, Leah (5 December 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elle.com/fashion/a25409400/chanel-metier-darts-2019-show-met-museum/">"Chanel Draws Inspiration from Ancient Egypt for Its Metiers d'Art Show"</a>. ELLE. Retrieved 12 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ELLE&rft.atitle=Chanel+Draws+Inspiration+from+Ancient+Egypt+for+Its+Metiers+d%27Art+Show&rft.date=2018-12-05&rft.aulast=Chernikoff&rft.aufirst=Leah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elle.com%2Ffashion%2Fa25409400%2Fchanel-metier-darts-2019-show-met-museum%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChanel" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanel&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chanel" title="Template:Chanel"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chanel" title="Template talk:Chanel"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chanel" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chanel"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chanel87" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chanel</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Owners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Wertheimer" title="Alain Wertheimer">Alain Wertheimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Wertheimer" title="Gérard Wertheimer">Gérard Wertheimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Wertheimer" title="Jacques Wertheimer">Jacques Wertheimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Wertheimer" title="Pierre Wertheimer">Pierre Wertheimer</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Chanel_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Chanel_logo.svg/120px-Chanel_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Chanel_logo.svg/180px-Chanel_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Chanel_logo.svg/240px-Chanel_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="500" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Designers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coco_Chanel" title="Coco Chanel">Coco Chanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld" title="Karl Lagerfeld">Karl Lagerfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginie_Viard" title="Virginie Viard">Virginie Viard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perfumers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Beaux" title="Ernest Beaux">Ernest Beaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Polge" title="Jacques Polge">Jacques Polge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivier_Polge" title="Olivier Polge">Olivier Polge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Robert" title="Henri Robert">Henri Robert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perfumes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bleu_de_Chanel" title="Bleu de Chanel">Bleu de Chanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bois_des_%C3%8Eles" title="Bois des Îles">Bois des Îles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chanel_No._5" title="Chanel No. 5">Chanel No. 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chanel_No._19" title="Chanel No. 19">Chanel No. 19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chanel_No._22" title="Chanel No. 22">Chanel No. 22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chanel_Chance" title="Chanel Chance">Chanel Chance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coco_(perfume)" title="Coco (perfume)">Coco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coco_Mademoiselle" title="Coco Mademoiselle">Coco Mademoiselle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuir_de_Russie" title="Cuir de Russie">Cuir de Russie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89go%C3%AFste" title="Égoïste">Égoïste</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Garments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Little_black_dress" title="Little black dress">Little black dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink_Chanel_suit_of_Jacqueline_Bouvier_Kennedy" title="Pink Chanel suit of Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy">Jacqueline Kennedy's pink Chanel suit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chanel_2.55" title="Chanel 2.55">Chanel 2.55 handbag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chanel_J12" title="Chanel J12">Chanel J12 watch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chanel_Solitaire" title="Chanel Solitaire">Chanel Solitaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coco_Before_Chanel" title="Coco Before Chanel">Coco Before Chanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coco_Chanel_(film)" title="Coco Chanel (film)">Coco Chanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coco_Chanel_%26_Igor_Stravinsky" title="Coco Chanel & Igor Stravinsky">Coco Chanel & Igor Stravinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._5_the_Film" title="No. 5 the Film">No. 5 the Film</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Musical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coco_(musical)" title="Coco (musical)">Coco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Book</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Allure_of_Chanel" title="The Allure of Chanel">The Allure of Chanel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mousse_Partners" title="Mousse Partners">Mousse Partners</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_Fédération_de_la_Haute_Couture_et_de_la_Mode106" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Grands_couturiers" title="Template:Grands couturiers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Grands_couturiers" title="Template talk:Grands couturiers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grands_couturiers" 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selflink">Chanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dior" title="Dior">Dior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sorbier" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Sorbier">Frank Sorbier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giambattista_Valli" title="Giambattista Valli">Giambattista Valli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Givenchy" title="Givenchy">Givenchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Paul_Gaultier" title="Jean Paul Gaultier">Jean Paul Gaultier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julien_Fourni%C3%A9" title="Julien Fournié">Julien Fournié</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maison_Margiela" title="Maison Margiela">Maison Margiela</a></li> <li>Maurizio Galante</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maison_Schiaparelli" title="Maison Schiaparelli">Schiaparelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Rolland" title="Stéphane Rolland">Stéphane Rolland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Invited, foreign and guest members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">See: <a href="/wiki/List_of_grands_couturiers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of grands couturiers">List of grands couturiers</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218115#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1272" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218115#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1272" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218115#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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