CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Isaiah 28:1 Woe to the majestic crown of Ephraim's drunkards, to the fading flower of his glorious splendor, set on the summit above the fertile valley, the pride of those overcome by wine.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/isaiah/28-1.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/5/23_Isa_28_01.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Isaiah 28:1 - Judgment on Ephraim" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="Woe to the majestic crown of Ephraim's drunkards, to the fading flower of his glorious splendor, set on the summit above the fertile valley, the pride of those overcome by wine." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/isaiah/28-1.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/isaiah/28-1.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/isaiah/">Isaiah</a> > <a href="/isaiah/28.htm">Chapter 28</a> > Verse 1</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad1.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/isaiah/27-13.htm" title="Isaiah 27:13">◄</a> Isaiah 28:1 <a href="/isaiah/28-2.htm" title="Isaiah 28:2">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv">Verse<a href="/bsb/isaiah/28.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><a href="/niv/isaiah/28.htm">New International Version</a> Woe to that wreath, the pride of Ephraim&#8217s drunkards, to the fading flower, his glorious beauty, set on the head of a fertile valley— to that city, the pride of those laid low by wine! <a href="/nlt/isaiah/28.htm">New Living Translation</a> What sorrow awaits the proud city of Samaria— the glorious crown of the drunks of Israel. It sits at the head of a fertile valley, but its glorious beauty will fade like a flower. It is the pride of a people brought down by wine. <a href="/esv/isaiah/28.htm">English Standard Version</a> Ah, the proud crown of the drunkards of Ephraim, and the fading flower of its glorious beauty, which is on the head of the rich valley of those overcome with wine! <a href="/bsb/isaiah/28.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> Woe to the majestic crown of Ephraim’s drunkards, to the fading flower of his glorious splendor, set on the summit above the fertile valley, the pride of those overcome by wine. <a href="/kjv/isaiah/28.htm">King James Bible</a> Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a fading flower, which are on the head of the fat valleys of them that are overcome with wine! <a href="/nkjv/isaiah/28.htm">New King James Version</a> Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, Whose glorious beauty is a fading flower Which is at the head of the verdant valleys, To those who are overcome with wine! <a href="/nasb_/isaiah/28.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> Woe to the proud crown of the habitually drunk of Ephraim, And to the fading flower of its glorious beauty, Which is at the head of the fertile valley Of those who are overcome with wine! <a href="/nasb/isaiah/28.htm">NASB 1995</a> Woe to the proud crown of the drunkards of Ephraim, And to the fading flower of its glorious beauty, Which is at the head of the fertile valley Of those who are overcome with wine! <a href="/nasb77/isaiah/28.htm">NASB 1977 </a> Woe to the proud crown of the drunkards of Ephraim, And to the fading flower of its glorious beauty, Which is at the head of the fertile valley Of those who are overcome with wine! <a href="/lsb/isaiah/28.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> Woe to the proud crown of the drunkards of Ephraim, And to the fading flower of its glorious beauty, Which is at the head of the fertile valley Of those who are overcome with wine! <a href="/amp/isaiah/28.htm">Amplified Bible</a> Woe (judgment is coming) to [Samaria] the splendid crown of the drunkards of Ephraim, And to the fading flower of its glorious beauty, Which is at the head of the rich valley Of those who are overcome with wine! <a href="/csb/isaiah/28.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> Woe to the majestic crown of Ephraim’s drunkards, and to the fading flower of its beautiful splendor, which is on the summit above the rich valley. Woe to those overcome with wine. <a href="/hcsb/isaiah/28.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> Woe to the majestic crown of Ephraim&#8217s drunkards, and to the fading flower of its beautiful splendor, which is on the summit above the rich valley. Woe to those overcome with wine. <a href="/asv/isaiah/28.htm">American Standard Version</a> Woe to the crown of pride of the drunkards of Ephraim, and to the fading flower of his glorious beauty, which is on the head of the fat valley of them that are overcome with wine! <a href="/cev/isaiah/28.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> The city of Samaria above a fertile valley is in for trouble! Its leaders are drunkards, who stuff themselves with food and wine. But they will be like flowers that dry up and wilt. <a href="/erv/isaiah/28.htm">English Revised Version</a> Woe to the crown of pride of the drunkards of Ephraim, and to the fading flower of his glorious beauty, which is on the head of the fat valley of them that are overcome with wine! <a href="/gwt/isaiah/28.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> How horrible it will be for the arrogant drunks of Ephraim. Their glorious beauty is [like] a withered flower. They are at the entrance to a fertile valley where they lie drunk from wine. <a href="/gnt/isaiah/28.htm">Good News Translation</a> The kingdom of Israel is doomed! Its glory is fading like the crowns of flowers on the heads of its drunken leaders. Their proud heads are well perfumed, but there they lie, dead drunk. <a href="/isv/isaiah/28.htm">International Standard Version</a> How terrible it will be for that arrogant garland— the drunks of Ephraim! How terrible it will be for that fading flower of his glorious beauty, which sits on the heads of people bloated with food, of people overcome with wine! <a href="/msb/isaiah/28.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> Woe to the majestic crown of Ephraim?s drunkards, to the fading flower of his glorious splendor, set on the summit above the fertile valley, the pride of those overcome by wine. <a href="/net/isaiah/28.htm">NET Bible</a> The splendid crown of Ephraim's drunkards is doomed, the withering flower, its beautiful splendor, situated at the head of a rich valley, the crown of those overcome with wine. <a href="/nheb/isaiah/28.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> Woe to the crown of pride of the drunkards of Ephraim, and to the fading flower of his glorious beauty, which is on the head of the fertile valley of those who are overcome with wine. <a href="/wbt/isaiah/28.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a fading flower; who are on the head of the rich valleys of them that are overcome with wine! <a href="/web/isaiah/28.htm">World English Bible</a> Woe to the crown of pride of the drunkards of Ephraim, and to the fading flower of his glorious beauty, which is on the head of the fertile valley of those who are overcome with wine! <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/isaiah/28.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> Woe [to] the proud crown of the drunkards of Ephraim. And the fading flower of the beauty of his glory, "" That [is] on the head of the fat valley of the broken down of wine. <a href="/ylt/isaiah/28.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> Woe to the proud crown of the drunkards of Ephraim. And the fading flower of the beauty of his glory, That is on the head of the fat valley of the broken down of wine. <a href="/slt/isaiah/28.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> O to the crown of pride, wo to the hirelings of Ephraim! a flower falling away is the glory of his beauty which is upon the head of the valley of fatness of those smitten with wine.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/isaiah/28.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> WOE to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, and to the fading flower the glory of his joy, who were on the head of the fat valley, staggering with wine. <a href="/cpdv/isaiah/28.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> Woe to the crown of arrogance, to the inebriated of Ephraim, and to the falling flower, the glory of his exultation, to those who were at the top of the very fat valley, staggering from wine. <a href="/nabre/isaiah/28.htm">New American Bible</a> Ah! majestic garland of the drunkards of Ephraim, Fading blooms of his glorious beauty, at the head of the fertile valley, upon those stupefied with wine. <a href="/nrsvce/isaiah/28.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> Ah, the proud garland of the drunkards of Ephraim, and the fading flower of its glorious beauty, which is on the head of those bloated with rich food, of those overcome with wine!<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/isaiah/28.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> WOE to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, and woe to the shameful diadem of the strength of his glory, which dominates at the entrance of the fertile valley of those that are overcome with wine! <a href="/hpbt/isaiah/28.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> Woe to the glorious crown of the drunkard Aphreim, and to the shameful garland, the power of his glory that is at the head of the heavenly valley of those who are confused with wine!<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/isaiah/28.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> Woe to the crown of pride of the drunkards of Ephraim, And to the fading flower of his glorious beauty, Which is on the head of the fat valley of them that are smitten down with wine! <a href="/sep/isaiah/28.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> Woe to the crown of pride, the hirelings of Ephraim, the flower that has fallen from the glory of the top of the fertile mountain, they that are drunken without wine. <a href="/parallel/isaiah/28-1.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Xv9bHT-nr9s?start=5547" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/isaiah/28.htm">Judgment on Ephraim</a> 1<a href="/hebrew/1945.htm" title="1945: hō·w (Interjection) -- Ah! alas! ha! A prolonged form of how; oh!">Woe</a> <a href="/hebrew/1348.htm" title="1348: gê·’ūṯ (N-fsc) -- Majesty. From ga'ah; the same as ga'avah.">to the majestic</a> <a href="/hebrew/5850.htm" title="5850: ‘ă·ṭe·reṯ (N-fsc) -- A crown, wreath. From atar; a crown.">crown</a> <a href="/hebrew/669.htm" title="669: ’ep̄·ra·yim (N-proper-ms) -- Dual of masculine form of 'Ephraath; double fruit; Ephrajim, a son of Joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory.">of Ephraim’s</a> <a href="/hebrew/7910.htm" title="7910: šik·kō·rê (Adj-mpc) -- Drunken. Or shikkor; from shakar; intoxicated, as a state or a habit.">drunkards,</a> <a href="/hebrew/5034.htm" title="5034: nō·ḇêl (V-Qal-Prtcpl-ms) -- A primitive root; to wilt; generally, to fall away, fail, faint; figuratively, to be foolish or wicked; causatively, to despise, disgrace.">to the fading</a> <a href="/hebrew/6731.htm" title="6731: wə·ṣîṣ (Conj-w:: N-ms) -- Or tsits; from tsuwts; properly, glistening, i.e. A burnished plate; also a flower; a wing.">flower</a> <a href="/hebrew/6643.htm" title="6643: ṣə·ḇî (N-msc) -- Splendor, a gazelle. From tsabah in the sense of prominence; splendor; also a gazelle.">of his glorious</a> <a href="/hebrew/8597.htm" title="8597: ṯip̄·’ar·tōw (N-fsc:: 3ms) -- Beauty, glory. Or tiphereth; from pa'ar; ornament.">splendor,</a> <a href="/hebrew/834.htm" title="834: ’ă·šer (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that. A primitive relative pronoun; who, which, what, that; also when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.">set</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: ‘al- (Prep) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">on</a> <a href="/hebrew/7218.htm" title="7218: rōš (N-msc) -- Head. From an unused root apparently meaning to shake; the head, whether literal or figurative.">the summit</a> <a href="/hebrew/8081.htm" title="8081: šə·mā·nîm (N-mp) -- Fat, oil. From shaman; grease, especially liquid; figuratively, richness.">above the fertile</a> <a href="/hebrew/1516.htm" title="1516: gê- (N-csc) -- A valley. Or gay; probably from the same root as gevah; a gorge.">valley,</a> <a href="/hebrew/1986.htm" title="1986: hă·lū·mê (V-Qal-QalPassPrtcpl-mpc) -- To smite, hammer, strike down. A primitive root; to strike down; by implication, to hammer, stamp, conquer, disband.">the pride of those overcome</a> <a href="/hebrew/3196.htm" title="3196: yā·yin (N-ms) -- Wine. From an unused root meaning to effervesce; wine; by implication, intoxication.">by wine.</a> 2Behold, the Lord has one who is strong and mighty. Like a hailstorm or destructive tempest, like a driving rain or flooding downpour, he will smash that crown to the ground.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/hosea/7-5.htm">Hosea 7:5</a> The princes are inflamed with wine on the day of our king; so he joins hands with those who mock him. <a href="/amos/6-1.htm">Amos 6:1</a> Woe to those at ease in Zion and those secure on Mount Samaria, the distinguished ones of the foremost nation, to whom the house of Israel comes. <a href="/2_kings/17-6.htm">2 Kings 17:6</a> In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Assyria captured Samaria and carried away the Israelites to Assyria, where he settled them in Halah, in Gozan by the Habor River, and in the cities of the Medes. <a href="/2_kings/18-9.htm">2 Kings 18:9-12</a> In the fourth year of Hezekiah’s reign, which was the seventh year of the reign of Hoshea son of Elah over Israel, Shalmaneser king of Assyria marched against Samaria and besieged it. / And at the end of three years, the Assyrians captured it. So Samaria was captured in the sixth year of Hezekiah, which was the ninth year of Hoshea king of Israel. / The king of Assyria exiled the Israelites to Assyria and settled them in Halah, in Gozan by the Habor River, and in the cities of the Medes. ... <a href="/hosea/4-11.htm">Hosea 4:11</a> to promiscuity, wine, and new wine, which take away understanding. <a href="/hosea/5-5.htm">Hosea 5:5</a> Israel’s arrogance testifies against them; Israel and Ephraim stumble in their iniquity; even Judah stumbles with them. <a href="/hosea/6-10.htm">Hosea 6:10</a> In the house of Israel I have seen a horrible thing: Ephraim practices prostitution there, and Israel is defiled. <a href="/amos/4-1.htm">Amos 4:1</a> Hear this word, you cows of Bashan on Mount Samaria, you women who oppress the poor and crush the needy, who say to your husbands, “Bring us more to drink.” <a href="/amos/4-7.htm">Amos 4:7</a> “I also withheld the rain from you when the harvest was three months away. I sent rain on one city but withheld it from another. One field received rain; another without rain withered. <a href="/micah/1-6.htm">Micah 1:6</a> Therefore I will make Samaria a heap of rubble in the open field, a planting area for a vineyard. I will pour her stones into the valley and expose her foundations. <a href="/matthew/11-21.htm">Matthew 11:21</a> “Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes. <a href="/luke/10-13.htm">Luke 10:13</a> Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago, sitting in sackcloth and ashes. <a href="/1_thessalonians/5-7.htm">1 Thessalonians 5:7</a> For those who sleep, sleep at night, and those who get drunk, get drunk at night. <a href="/revelation/3-17.htm">Revelation 3:17</a> You say, ‘I am rich; I have grown wealthy and need nothing.’ But you do not realize that you are wretched, pitiful, poor, blind, and naked. <a href="/1_peter/4-17.htm">1 Peter 4:17</a> For it is time for judgment to begin with the family of God; and if it begins with us, what will the outcome be for those who disobey the gospel of God?</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a fading flower, which are on the head of the fat valleys of them that are overcome with wine!A.<a href="/isaiah/28-3.htm">Isaiah 28:3</a> The crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim, shall be trodden under feet:<a href="/hosea/5-5.htm">Hosea 5:5</a> And the pride of Israel doth testify to his face: therefore shall Israel and Ephraim fall in their iniquity; Judah also shall fall with them.<a href="/hosea/6-10.htm">Hosea 6:10</a> I have seen an horrible thing in the house of Israel: there is the whoredom of Ephraim, Israel is defiled.drunkards<a href="/isaiah/28-7.htm">Isaiah 28:7</a> But they also have erred through wine, and through strong drink are out of the way; the priest and the prophet have erred through strong drink, they are swallowed up of wine, they are out of the way through strong drink; they err in vision, they stumble in judgment.<a href="/isaiah/5-11.htm">Isaiah 5:11,22</a> Woe unto them that rise up early in the morning, that they may follow strong drink; that continue until night, till wine inflame them! … <a href="/proverbs/23-29.htm">Proverbs 23:29</a> Who hath woe? who hath sorrow? who hath contentions? who hath babbling? who hath wounds without cause? who hath redness of eyes?whose<a href="/isaiah/28-4.htm">Isaiah 28:4</a> And the glorious beauty, which is on the head of the fat valley, shall be a fading flower, and as the hasty fruit before the summer; which when he that looketh upon it seeth, while it is yet in his hand he eateth it up.<a href="/isaiah/7-8.htm">Isaiah 7:8,9</a> For the head of Syria is Damascus, and the head of Damascus is Rezin; and within threescore and five years shall Ephraim be broken, that it be not a people… <a href="/isaiah/8-4.htm">Isaiah 8:4</a> For before the child shall have knowledge to cry, My father, and my mother, the riches of Damascus and the spoil of Samaria shall be taken away before the king of Assyria.overcome.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/isaiah/23-9.htm">Beauty</a> <a href="/isaiah/27-10.htm">City</a> <a href="/isaiah/3-17.htm">Crown</a> <a href="/isaiah/27-7.htm">Dead</a> <a href="/isaiah/24-20.htm">Drink</a> <a href="/proverbs/23-21.htm">Drunkards</a> <a href="/isaiah/17-3.htm">Ephraim</a> <a href="/isaiah/17-3.htm">E'phraim</a> <a href="/isaiah/11-13.htm">Ephraim's</a> <a href="/isaiah/1-30.htm">Fading</a> <a href="/isaiah/25-6.htm">Fat</a> <a href="/isaiah/22-7.htm">Fertile</a> <a href="/isaiah/18-5.htm">Flower</a> <a href="/isaiah/22-23.htm">Glorious</a> <a href="/isaiah/26-15.htm">Glory</a> <a href="/isaiah/22-12.htm">Head</a> <a href="/isaiah/25-12.htm">Laid</a> <a href="/isaiah/24-20.htm">Overcome</a> <a href="/isaiah/26-5.htm">Pride</a> <a href="/isaiah/16-6.htm">Proud</a> <a href="/isaiah/25-6.htm">Rich</a> <a href="/isaiah/27-7.htm">Smitten</a> <a href="/isaiah/27-10.htm">Strong</a> <a href="/isaiah/22-5.htm">Valley</a> <a href="/isaiah/22-7.htm">Valleys</a> <a href="/isaiah/27-2.htm">Wine</a> <a href="/isaiah/10-5.htm">Wo</a> <a href="/isaiah/24-16.htm">Woe</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/isaiah/28-4.htm">Beauty</a> <a href="/isaiah/29-1.htm">City</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-3.htm">Crown</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-4.htm">Dead</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-7.htm">Drink</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-3.htm">Drunkards</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-3.htm">Ephraim</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-3.htm">E'phraim</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-3.htm">Ephraim's</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-4.htm">Fading</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-4.htm">Fat</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-4.htm">Fertile</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-4.htm">Flower</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-4.htm">Glorious</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-5.htm">Glory</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-4.htm">Head</a> <a href="/isaiah/37-18.htm">Laid</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-2.htm">Overcome</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-3.htm">Pride</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-3.htm">Proud</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-4.htm">Rich</a> <a href="/isaiah/53-4.htm">Smitten</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-2.htm">Strong</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-4.htm">Valley</a> <a href="/isaiah/41-18.htm">Valleys</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-3.htm">Wine</a> <a href="/isaiah/29-1.htm">Wo</a> <a href="/isaiah/29-1.htm">Woe</a><div class="vheading2">Isaiah 28</div>1. <a href="/isaiah/28-1.htm">The prophet threatens Ephraim for their pride and drunkenness</a> 5. <a href="/isaiah/28-5.htm">The residue shall be advanced in the kingdom of Christ</a> 7. <a href="/isaiah/28-7.htm">He rebukes their error</a> 9. <a href="/isaiah/28-9.htm">Their unwillingness to learn</a> 14. <a href="/isaiah/28-14.htm">And their security</a> 16. <a href="/isaiah/28-16.htm">Christ the sure foundation is promised</a> 17. <a href="/isaiah/28-17.htm">Their security shall be tried</a> 23. <a href="/isaiah/28-23.htm">They are incited to the consideration of God's providence</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/isaiah/28.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/isaiah/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/isaiah/28.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>Woe to the majestic crown of Ephraim’s drunkards The term "woe" is a prophetic declaration of impending judgment or disaster. Ephraim, representing the northern kingdom of Israel, is often used to denote the ten tribes. The "majestic crown" symbolizes the pride and self-glorification of the leaders and people. Drunkenness here is both literal and metaphorical, indicating moral and spiritual decay. The Bible frequently condemns drunkenness (<a href="/proverbs/20.htm">Proverbs 20:1</a>, <a href="/ephesians/5-18.htm">Ephesians 5:18</a>) as it leads to a loss of self-control and judgment, which is evident in the leadership of Ephraim.to the fading flower of his glorious splendor The "fading flower" suggests the transient nature of human glory and achievements. Ephraim's splendor, once vibrant, is now withering due to their unfaithfulness and indulgence. This imagery is reminiscent of other biblical passages that compare human glory to grass or flowers that wither (<a href="/isaiah/40-6.htm">Isaiah 40:6-8</a>, <a href="/james/1-10.htm">James 1:10-11</a>). It serves as a reminder of the fleeting nature of earthly pride and the need for reliance on God.set on the summit above the fertile valley The geographical reference to a "summit above the fertile valley" likely points to Samaria, the capital of the northern kingdom, which was situated on a hill overlooking a fertile region. This location was strategic and prosperous, contributing to the pride of its inhabitants. However, their physical elevation and prosperity could not protect them from divine judgment. This reflects the biblical theme that true security and prosperity come from God, not from human achievements or geographical advantages (<a href="/psalms/127.htm">Psalm 127:1</a>).the pride of those overcome by wine The "pride" of Ephraim is directly linked to their indulgence in wine, symbolizing excess and moral corruption. This pride leads to their downfall, as seen in other biblical narratives where pride precedes destruction (<a href="/proverbs/16-18.htm">Proverbs 16:18</a>). The imagery of being "overcome by wine" suggests a loss of control and discernment, which is spiritually analogous to being led astray by sin. This serves as a warning against the dangers of excess and the importance of humility and sobriety in one's walk with God.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/e/ephraim.htm">Ephraim</a> Ephraim was one of the tribes of Israel, often representing the Northern Kingdom of Israel. It was known for its strength and influence but also for its eventual downfall due to idolatry and moral decay. 2. <a href="/topical/d/drunkards_of_ephraim.htm">Drunkards of Ephraim</a> This phrase symbolizes the leaders and people of Ephraim who were indulging in excess and neglecting their responsibilities, leading to moral and spiritual decline. 3. <a href="/topical/m/majestic_crown.htm">Majestic Crown</a> This refers to the pride and self-glorification of Ephraim, which is depicted as a crown that is fading, symbolizing the temporary nature of their earthly glory. 4. <a href="/topical/f/fading_flower.htm">Fading Flower</a> The fading flower represents the transient beauty and glory of Ephraim, which is destined to wither away due to their sinful behavior. 5. <a href="/topical/f/fertile_valley.htm">Fertile Valley</a> The fertile valley signifies the prosperity and blessings that Ephraim enjoyed, which they took pride in but ultimately led to their complacency and downfall.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/t/the_danger_of_pride.htm">The Danger of Pride</a> Pride can lead to a false sense of security and eventual downfall. We must remain humble and recognize that all blessings come from God. <a href="/topical/t/the_consequences_of_excess.htm">The Consequences of Excess</a> Indulgence in excess, such as drunkenness, can cloud judgment and lead to moral and spiritual decay. Christians are called to live soberly and righteously. <a href="/topical/t/the_transience_of_earthly_glory.htm">The Transience of Earthly Glory</a> Earthly beauty and glory are temporary. We should focus on eternal values and treasures in heaven rather than temporary earthly achievements. <a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_spiritual_vigilance.htm">The Importance of Spiritual Vigilance</a> Just as Ephraim became complacent, we must remain vigilant in our spiritual walk, continually seeking God's guidance and correction. <a href="/topical/r/repentance_and_restoration.htm">Repentance and Restoration</a> Despite judgment, God offers a path to repentance and restoration. We should always be willing to turn back to God and seek His forgiveness.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_isaiah_28.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Isaiah 28</a> <a href="/q/how_to_verify_ephraim's_fall_in_isaiah_28.htm">In Isaiah 28:1–4, how can we verify historically that the drunkenness and downfall of Ephraim occurred exactly as described? </a> <a href="/q/what_does_'be_angry,_do_not_sin'_mean.htm">What does 'Crown of Glory, Diadem of Beauty' mean?</a> <a href="/q/does_isaiah_28_9-10_contradict_wisdom_texts.htm">In Isaiah 28:9–10, is the idea of teaching “line upon line, precept upon precept” contradicted by other biblical texts that emphasize understanding and wisdom over rote instruction? </a> <a href="/q/how_to_stay_true_to_god's_teachings.htm">How can we remain faithful to God's teachings?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/isaiah/28.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>XXVIII.(1) Woe to the crown of pride . . .--Better, the proud crown of the drunkards of Ephraim. The chapter is remarkable, as showing that the prophet's work was not limited to Judah and Jerusalem, but extended to the northern kingdom. The warning was clearly uttered before the capture of Samaria by Salmaneser, or, more probably, by Sargon, and paints in vivid colours--reminding us in part of <a href="/context/amos/6-4.htm" title="That lie on beds of ivory, and stretch themselves on their couches, and eat the lambs out of the flock, and the calves out of the middle of the stall;">Amos 6:4-6</a>, not without a side glance at the like vices in Jerusalem (<a href="/isaiah/22-13.htm" title="And behold joy and gladness, slaying oxen, and killing sheep, eating flesh, and drinking wine: let us eat and drink; for to morrow we shall die.">Isaiah 22:13</a>)--the license into which the capital of the northern kingdom had fallen. With a bold personification the words paint (1) the banquet with its revellers, crowned, as in the later days of Rome, with wreaths of flowers; and (2) Samaria itself as such a wreath, once beautiful, now fading, crowning the "head" of the "fat," or luxuriant, valley (literally, valley of oils, or, fat things) in which the revellers held their feasts. Cheyne notes that the inscription of Salmaneser records that the tribute of Jehu consisted of bowls, cups, and goblets of gold, as illustrating the luxury of the palace of Samaria (Records of the Past, v. 41). The LXX. strangely renders the last clause, "drunk without wine," as if from a reminiscence of <a href="/isaiah/29-9.htm" title="Stay yourselves, and wonder; cry you out, and cry: they are drunken, but not with wine; they stagger, but not with strong drink.">Isaiah 29:9</a>, and gives the "hirelings of Ephraim" instead of "drunkards."<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/isaiah/28.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verses 1-4. - A WARNING TO SAMARIA. The prophet has now east his eagle glance over the whole world and over all time. He has denounced woe upon all the principal nations of the earth (<a href="/isaiah/13.htm">Isaiah 13-23</a>.), glanced at the destruction of the world itself (<a href="/isaiah/24-17.htm">Isaiah 24:17-20</a>), and sung songs over the establishment of Christ's kingdom, and the ingathering of the nations into it (<a href="/isaiah/25.htm">Isaiah 25-27</a>.). In the present chapter he returns to the condition of things in his own time and among his own people. After a brief warning, addressed to Samaria, he turns to consider the condition of Judah, which he accuses of following the example of Samaria, of perishing through self-indulgence and lack of knowledge (vers. 7-12). He then proceeds to expostulate seriously with the "rulers of Jerusalem," on whom lies the chief responsibility for its future. Verse 1. - Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkard; rather, of the drunkards, The "drunkards of Ephraim," or of the ten tribes, were at once intoxicated with wine (<a href="/amos/4-1.htm">Amos 4:1</a>; <a href="/amos/6-6.htm">Amos 6:6</a>) and with pride (<a href="/amos/6-13.htm">Amos 6:13</a>). As the external aspect of affairs grew mere and more threatening through the advances of Tiglath-Pileser and Shalmaneser, they gave themselves up more and more to self-indulgence and luxury, lay upon beds of ivory, drank wine from bowls, feasted to the sound of the viol, and even invented fresh instruments of music (<a href="/amos/6-4.htm">Amos 6:4, 5</a>). At the same time, they said in their hearts, "Have we not taken by our own strength?" (<a href="/amos/6-13.htm">Amos 6:13</a>). They persisted in regarding themselves as secure, when even ordinary political foresight might have seen that their end was approaching. Whose glorious beauty is a fading flower; rather, and to the fading flower of his glorious beauty. The "glorious beauty" of Samaria was a beauty of magnificent luxury. "Summer" and "winter houses," distinct each from the other (<a href="/amos/3-15.htm">Amos 3:15</a>); "ivory palaces" (<a href="/1_kings/22-39.htm">1 Kings 22:39</a>; <a href="/amos/3-15.htm">Amos 3:15</a>); a wealth of "gardens, vineyards, fig-orchards, and olive yards" (<a href="/amos/4-9.htm">Amos 4:9</a>); residences of "hewn stone" (<a href="/amos/5-11.htm">Amos 5:11</a>); feasts enlivened with "the melody of viols" (<a href="/amos/5-23.htm">Amos 5:23</a>); "beds of ivory" (<a href="/amos/6-4.htm">Amos 6:4</a>); "wine in bowls" (<a href="/amos/6-6.htm">Amos 6:6</a>); "chief ointments" (<a href="/amos/6-6.htm">Amos 6:6</a>); constituted a total of luxurious refinement beyond which few had proceeded at the time, and which Isaiah was fain to recognize, in a worldly point of view, as "glorious" and "beautiful." But the beauty was of a kind liable to fade, and it was already fading under the sirocco of Assyrian invasion. Which are on the head of the fat valleys; rather, which is on the head (or, which decks the head) of the rich valley. Samaria was built on a hill of an oval form, which rose up in the midst of a fertile valley shut in by mountains. The prophet identifies the valley with the kingdom itself, and then personifies it, and regards its head as crowned by the fading flower of Samaria's beauty. <a href="/commentaries/isaiah/28-1.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>Woe ה֗וֹי (hō·w) Interjection <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1945.htm">Strong's 1945: </a> Ah! alas! ha! to the majestic גֵּאוּת֙ (gê·’ūṯ) Noun - feminine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1348.htm">Strong's 1348: </a> Arrogance, majesty, ornament crown עֲטֶ֤רֶת (‘ă·ṭe·reṯ) Noun - feminine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5850.htm">Strong's 5850: </a> A crown, wreath of Ephraim’s אֶפְרַ֔יִם (’ep̄·ra·yim) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_669.htm">Strong's 669: </a> Ephraim -- a son of Joseph, also his descendants and their territory drunkards, שִׁכֹּרֵ֣י (šik·kō·rê) Adjective - masculine plural construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7910.htm">Strong's 7910: </a> Intoxicated, as a, state, a habit to the fading נֹבֵ֖ל (nō·ḇêl) Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5034.htm">Strong's 5034: </a> To wilt, to fall away, fail, faint, to be foolish, wicked, to despise, disgrace flower וְצִ֥יץ (wə·ṣîṣ) Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6731.htm">Strong's 6731: </a> Glistening, a burnished plate, a flower, a wing of his glorious צְבִ֣י (ṣə·ḇî) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6643.htm">Strong's 6643: </a> Splendor, a gazelle splendor, תִפְאַרְתּ֑וֹ (ṯip̄·’ar·tōw) Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_8597.htm">Strong's 8597: </a> Beauty, glory set אֲשֶׁ֛ר (’ă·šer) Pronoun - relative <a href="/hebrew/strongs_834.htm">Strong's 834: </a> Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that on עַל־ (‘al-) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> Above, over, upon, against the summit רֹ֥אשׁ (rōš) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7218.htm">Strong's 7218: </a> The head above the fertile שְׁמָנִ֖ים (šə·mā·nîm) Noun - masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_8081.htm">Strong's 8081: </a> Grease, liquid, richness valley, גֵּֽיא־ (gê-) Noun - common singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1516.htm">Strong's 1516: </a> A valley [the pride] of those overcome הֲל֥וּמֵי (hă·lū·mê) Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine plural construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1986.htm">Strong's 1986: </a> To strike down, to hammer, stamp, conquer, disband by wine. יָֽיִן׃ (yā·yin) Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3196.htm">Strong's 3196: </a> Wine, intoxication <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/isaiah/28-1.htm">Isaiah 28:1 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/isaiah/28-1.htm">Isaiah 28:1 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/isaiah/28-1.htm">Isaiah 28:1 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/isaiah/28-1.htm">Isaiah 28:1 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/isaiah/28-1.htm">Isaiah 28:1 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/isaiah/28-1.htm">Isaiah 28:1 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/isaiah/28-1.htm">Isaiah 28:1 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/isaiah/28-1.htm">Isaiah 28:1 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/isaiah/28-1.htm">Isaiah 28:1 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/isaiah/28-1.htm">Isaiah 28:1 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-1.htm">OT Prophets: Isaiah 28:1 Woe to the crown of pride (Isa Isi Is)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/isaiah/27-13.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Isaiah 27:13"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Isaiah 27:13" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/isaiah/28-2.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Isaiah 28:2"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Isaiah 28:2" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>