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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historical_Papaschase" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_Papaschase"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historical Papaschase</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_Papaschase-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_Papaschase" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_Papaschase"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Modern Papaschase</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_Papaschase-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Papaschase</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" 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dir="ltr"><p>The <b>Papaschase</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="/tʃ/: 'ch' in 'China'">tʃ</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span> from <a href="/wiki/Plains_Cree_language" title="Plains Cree language">Cree</a> ᐹᐦᐹᐢᒉᐢ (<i>Woodpecker</i>)) are a group of <a href="/wiki/Cree_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Cree people">Cree people</a> descended from Chief Papaschase's Band of the 19th century, who were a party to <a href="/wiki/Treaty_6" title="Treaty 6">Treaty 6</a> with Canada. A modern-day group of Papaschase descendants are working to advance their treaty rights and reclaim their reserve's land or get compensation for its loss. They claim the reserve was surrendered unlawfully in 1888, but they have not been recognized yet by the Canadian Government, however they are recognized as a nation by the <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_First_Nations" title="Assembly of First Nations">Assembly of First Nations</a> Alexander First Nation #134 #134a #134b #143 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_Papaschase">Historical Papaschase</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papaschase&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Historical Papaschase"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chief Papaschase (also known as Passpasschase, Papastew, Pahpastayo, and John Gladieu-Quinn) and his family and community lived around Fort Edmonton, Fort Assiniboia and Slave Lake in Alberta in the mid-1800s and often traded furs with the Hudson Bay Company. They settled permanently in the Edmonton area in the 1850s on the south side of the North Saskatchewan River. Chief Papaschase and his brother Tahkoots signed on to Treaty 6 on August 21, 1877. However, they were not allocated a reserve until three years later, in 1880: <a href="/wiki/Indian_reserve" title="Indian reserve">reserve</a> (I.R. 136), far from the land along the riverbanks in what later became southeast <a href="/wiki/Edmonton" title="Edmonton">Edmonton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a> including all of <a href="/wiki/Mill_Woods,_Edmonton" class="mw-redirect" title="Mill Woods, Edmonton">Mill Woods</a>. The boundaries in modern terms would be: 51 Avenue on the north, 119 Street on the west, 30 Avenue SW on the south, and 17 Street NW on the east.<sup id="cite_ref-rebuild_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rebuild-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many settlers did not want the reserve near the growing settlement of Edmonton. <a href="/wiki/Frank_Oliver_(politician)" title="Frank Oliver (politician)">Frank Oliver</a>, in particular, advocated in his local newspaper, the Edmonton Bulletin, for the removal of the Papaschase Cree from their reserve and for the land to become available to settlers. A meeting was held in 1881 to petition <a href="/wiki/John_A._Macdonald" title="John A. Macdonald">John A. Macdonald</a> to relocate the Papaschase Cree and I.R. 136 away from Edmonton.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1886, around 80 Papaschase members remained on the reserve, as many had taken Métis <a href="/wiki/Scrip" title="Scrip">scrip</a> due to starvation, broken treaty promises, and lack of assistance from the government. The Papaschase people who took scrip lost their treaty status. The last remaining members left the reserve in 1887 after instruction from Assistant Indian Commissioner, Mr. Reed; many moved to closeby reserves such as the Enoch Cree and the Alexander First Nation. Chief Papaschase died at Elinor Lake in Northern Alberta in 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-Olson_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Olson-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Olson (n.d.), "the Papaschase band lost its entire reserve in South Edmonton under highly questionable circumstances when three men signed a surrender document on November 19, 1888, at a meeting called with four days notice by the government agent. The federal government subdivided the reserve, and sold most of the land at auctions in 1891 and 1893, Land speculators bought most of it, and resold it to settlers. Railway companies also bought some of the lands they needed at auction or from speculators".<sup id="cite_ref-Olson_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Olson-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The reserve land was partly used for the Canadian Pacific Railway's <a href="/wiki/Calgary_and_Edmonton_Railway" title="Calgary and Edmonton Railway">Calgary and Edmonton Railway</a>, whose arrival in 1891 caused the birth of a southside hamlet that later became the City of <a href="/wiki/Strathcona,_Alberta" title="Strathcona, Alberta">Strathcona</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The former reserve, located in <a href="/wiki/Strathcona_County" title="Strathcona County">Strathcona County</a>, was incrementally absorbed in its entirety by the City of Edmonton over a series of <a href="/wiki/Edmonton_annexations#Mill_Woods" title="Edmonton annexations">seven annexations</a> between December 30, 1959, and January 1, 1982.<sup id="cite_ref-AnnexationMap_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AnnexationMap-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_Papaschase">Modern Papaschase</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papaschase&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Modern Papaschase"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In August 2006, at least 31 Papaschase ancestral remains were repatriated – some that were being held at the Medical Examiner’s Office and the University of Alberta’s Anthropology Department – and a reburial ceremony took place at the Epcor’s Rossdale site, which had been recognized as a historic cemetery and is protected by law. <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, with construction projects such as the Walterdale bridge in 2012 and the Terwillegar footbridge, Papaschase people and other local Indigenous peoples demanded that the government gain consent before construction took place on their lands and burial sites. Now, construction projects on their lands should have archeologists on site, as well as monitors from Indigenous bands present.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These are important examples of <a href="/wiki/Self-determination" title="Self-determination">self-determination</a>. </p><p>As of 2012<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Papaschase&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, around 1,000 people claim to be descendants of the Papaschase band, who they argue was illegally evicted from their reserve to make way for settlement and to give the railway access to their land. </p><p>Their lawsuit against the Canadian government to recover their lands was dismissed in 2008 on the grounds that the Papaschase are not a <a href="/wiki/First_Nations_government" class="mw-redirect" title="First Nations government">recognized band</a> and therefore could not make a claim against the government, and that too much time had passed.<sup id="cite_ref-rebuild_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rebuild-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since that time, the group has instead focused its efforts on becoming a recognized band through the <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_specific_land_claims_in_Canada" title="Indigenous specific land claims in Canada">Federal Claims Commission</a>, and via political pressure. The current Papaschase website states that "the Chief and council’s mandate is to govern the Papaschase descendants affairs, to defend and advance their treaty rights and legitimate interests of the Papaschase Descendants, and to take all necessary steps to obtain a just settlement of the unlawful surrender of Papaschase IR 136 in 1888. Many descendants have come forward to join our cause but we continue to search for the lost members who have been scattered to the four winds and call them home".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A group representing the Papaschase held a partial blockade and information picket on the <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a> portion of <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Highway_2" title="Alberta Highway 2">Alberta Highway 2</a> – Alberta's busiest highway – on January 16, 2013, as part of the wider <a href="/wiki/Idle_No_More" title="Idle No More">Idle No More</a> movement.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2018, the Papaschase Band was recognized as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_First_Nations" title="Assembly of First Nations">Assembly of First Nations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papaschase&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-rebuild-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rebuild_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rebuild_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFElise_Stolte2012" class="citation news cs1">Elise Stolte (2012-08-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edmontonjournal.com/news/insight/Edmonton+chief+seeks+rebuild+Papaschase+community/7108483/story.html">"Edmonton chief seeks to rebuild Papaschase community"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Edmonton_Journal" title="Edmonton Journal">Edmonton Journal</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Postmedia_Network" title="Postmedia Network">Postmedia Network</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-08-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Edmonton+Journal&rft.atitle=Edmonton+chief+seeks+to+rebuild+Papaschase+community&rft.date=2012-08-17&rft.au=Elise+Stolte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedmontonjournal.com%2Fnews%2Finsight%2FEdmonton%2Bchief%2Bseeks%2Brebuild%2BPapaschase%2Bcommunity%2F7108483%2Fstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapaschase" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papaschase.ca/?page_id=4119">"Highlights of Papaschase's History"</a>. <i>Papaschase First Nation</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Papaschase+First+Nation&rft.atitle=Highlights+of+Papaschase%27s+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapaschase.ca%2F%3Fpage_id%3D4119&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapaschase" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Olson-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Olson_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Olson_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlson" class="citation web cs1">Olson, Jan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://strathconacommunity.ca/community/history/woodpecker/">"Papaschase"</a>. <i>Strathcona Community League</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Strathcona+Community+League&rft.atitle=Papaschase&rft.aulast=Olson&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstrathconacommunity.ca%2Fcommunity%2Fhistory%2Fwoodpecker%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapaschase" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lac-bac.gc.ca/databases/indian-reserves/001004-119.02-e.php?&isn_id_nbr=1902&interval=50&page_sequence_nbr=1&&PHPSESSID=t517cjd0faa8lvonqqvi6kdnf6">"Plan of the Subdivision Into Sections of the Lands Reserved for the Band of Chief Papaschase"</a>. Library and Archives Canada<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Plan+of+the+Subdivision+Into+Sections+of+the+Lands+Reserved+for+the+Band+of+Chief+Papaschase&rft.pub=Library+and+Archives+Canada&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lac-bac.gc.ca%2Fdatabases%2Findian-reserves%2F001004-119.02-e.php%3F%26isn_id_nbr%3D1902%26interval%3D50%26page_sequence_nbr%3D1%26%26PHPSESSID%3Dt517cjd0faa8lvonqqvi6kdnf6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapaschase" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AnnexationMap-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AnnexationMap_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation map cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webdocs.edmonton.ca/InfraPlan/SmartChoices/Audit/maps/report1map02.pdf"><i>History of Annexations</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Map). City of Edmonton, Planning and Development Department<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 3,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Annexations&rft.pub=City+of+Edmonton%2C+Planning+and+Development+Department&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwebdocs.edmonton.ca%2FInfraPlan%2FSmartChoices%2FAudit%2Fmaps%2Freport1map02.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapaschase" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papaschase.ca/?page_id=4441">"Rossdale Burial Grounds"</a>. <i>Papaschase</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Papaschase&rft.atitle=Rossdale+Burial+Grounds&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapaschase.ca%2F%3Fpage_id%3D4441&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapaschase" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBruneau" class="citation web cs1">Bruneau, Calvin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cgi4ScpAS00&feature=share&fbclid=IwAR2EX2KCIydVkyq80SXSFmkaNVPcKnYWDpNicMmsfaZH1oLZWbp5aC7qk7I">"History of the Papaschase"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(Video)</span>. <i>Amiskwaciy History Series</i>. p. 49:05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Amiskwaciy+History+Series&rft.atitle=History+of+the+Papaschase&rft.pages=49%3A05&rft.aulast=Bruneau&rft.aufirst=Calvin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DCgi4ScpAS00%26feature%3Dshare%26fbclid%3DIwAR2EX2KCIydVkyq80SXSFmkaNVPcKnYWDpNicMmsfaZH1oLZWbp5aC7qk7I&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapaschase" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papaschase.ca">"Home"</a>. <i>Papaschase First Nation</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Papaschase+First+Nation&rft.atitle=Home&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapaschase.ca&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapaschase" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJodie_Sinnema2013" class="citation news cs1">Jodie Sinnema (2013-01-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edmontonjournal.com/news/edmonton/Open+letter+RCMP+First+Nations+encourages+protesters/7856496/story.html">"Open letter by RCMP and First Nations encourages protesters off northern highways"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Edmonton_Journal" title="Edmonton Journal">Edmonton Journal</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Postmedia_Network" title="Postmedia Network">Postmedia Network</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-03-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Edmonton+Journal&rft.atitle=Open+letter+by+RCMP+and+First+Nations+encourages+protesters+off+northern+highways&rft.date=2013-01-22&rft.au=Jodie+Sinnema&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedmontonjournal.com%2Fnews%2Fedmonton%2FOpen%2Bletter%2BRCMP%2BFirst%2BNations%2Bencourages%2Bprotesters%2F7856496%2Fstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapaschase" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOmstead" class="citation web cs1">Omstead, Jordan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/papaschase-band-afn-resolution-1.4938129">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Brought to tears': Papaschase Band recognized by AFN in historic resolution"</a>. <i>CBC News</i>. CBC.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBC+News&rft.atitle=%E2%80%98Brought+to+tears%E2%80%99%3A+Papaschase+Band+recognized+by+AFN+in+historic+resolution.&rft.aulast=Omstead&rft.aufirst=Jordan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fcanada%2Fedmonton%2Fpapaschase-band-afn-resolution-1.4938129&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapaschase" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output 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<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Papaschase Cree Indian Reserve</a> (1959-1982)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Edmonton" title="History of Edmonton">History of Edmonton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Edmonton_history" title="Timeline of Edmonton history">Timeline of Edmonton history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Numbered_Treaties:_Treaty_Six" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Numbertreaty" title="Template:Numbertreaty"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Numbertreaty" title="Template talk:Numbertreaty"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Numbertreaty" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Numbertreaty"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Numbered_Treaties:_Treaty_Six" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The <a href="/wiki/Numbered_Treaties" title="Numbered Treaties">Numbered Treaties</a>: Treaty Six</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Numbered <a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">Treaties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_1" title="Treaty 1">Treaty 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_2" title="Treaty 2">Treaty 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_3" title="Treaty 3">Treaty 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_4" title="Treaty 4">Treaty 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_5" title="Treaty 5">Treaty 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_6" title="Treaty 6">Treaty 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_7" title="Treaty 7">Treaty 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_8" title="Treaty 8">Treaty 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_9" title="Treaty 9">Treaty 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_10" title="Treaty 10">Treaty 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_11" title="Treaty 11">Treaty 11</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Manitoba" title="Manitoba">Manitoba</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Colomb_First_Nation" title="Marcel Colomb First Nation">Marcel Colomb First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathias_Colomb_First_Nation" title="Mathias Colomb First Nation">Mathias Colomb First Nation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Saskatchewan" title="Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahtahkakoop_First_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahtahkakoop First Nation">Ahtahkakoop First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beardy%27s_and_Okemasis%27_Cree_Nation" title="Beardy's and Okemasis' Cree Nation">Beardy's and Okemasis' Cree Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Island_Lake_Cree_Nation" title="Big Island Lake Cree Nation">Big Island Lake Cree Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_River_First_Nation" title="Big River First Nation">Big River First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_Dust_First_Nation" title="Flying Dust First Nation">Flying Dust First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Island_Lake_First_Nation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Island Lake First Nation (page does not exist)">Island Lake First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Smith_First_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="James Smith First Nation">James Smith First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lac_La_Ronge_First_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Lac La Ronge First Nation">Lac La Ronge First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Pine_First_Nation" title="Little Pine First Nation">Little Pine First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucky_Man_Cree_Nation" title="Lucky Man Cree Nation">Lucky Man Cree Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makwa_Sahgaiehcan_First_Nation" title="Makwa Sahgaiehcan First Nation">Makwa Sahgaiehcan First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mistawasis_First_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Mistawasis First Nation">Mistawasis First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Lake_Cree_Nation" title="Montreal Lake Cree Nation">Montreal Lake Cree Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moosomin_First_Nation" title="Moosomin First Nation">Moosomin First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosquito-Grizzly_Bear%27s_Head-Lean_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosquito-Grizzly Bear's Head-Lean Man">Mosquito-Grizzly Bear's Head-Lean Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muskeg_Lake_Cree_Nation" title="Muskeg Lake Cree Nation">Muskeg Lake Cree Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muskoday_First_Nation" title="Muskoday First Nation">Muskoday First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Arrow_First_Nation" title="One Arrow First Nation">One Arrow First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onion_Lake_First_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Onion Lake First Nation">Onion Lake First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelican_Lake_First_Nation" title="Pelican Lake First Nation">Pelican Lake First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ballantyne_Cree_Nation" title="Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation">Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poundmaker_Cree_Nation" title="Poundmaker Cree Nation">Poundmaker Cree Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Pheasant_First_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Pheasant First Nation">Red Pheasant First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saulteaux_First_Nation" title="Saulteaux First Nation">Saulteaux First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweetgrass_First_Nation" title="Sweetgrass First Nation">Sweetgrass First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturgeon_Lake_First_Nation" title="Sturgeon Lake First Nation">Sturgeon Lake First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunderchild_First_Nation" title="Thunderchild First Nation">Thunderchild First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterhen_Lake_First_Nation" title="Waterhen Lake First Nation">Waterhen Lake First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witchekan_Lake_First_Nation" title="Witchekan Lake First Nation">Witchekan Lake First Nation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_First_Nation" title="Alexander First Nation">Alexander First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_Nakota_Sioux_First_Nation" title="Alexis Nakota Sioux First Nation">Alexis First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaver_Lake_Cree_Nation" title="Beaver Lake Cree Nation">Beaver Lake Cree Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_Lake_First_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Cold Lake First Nation">Cold Lake First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enoch_Cree_Nation" title="Enoch Cree Nation">Enoch Cree Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermineskin_Cree_Nation" title="Ermineskin Cree Nation">Ermineskin Cree Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frog_Lake_First_Nation" title="Frog Lake First Nation">Frog Lake First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heart_Lake_First_Nation" title="Heart Lake First Nation">Heart Lake First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kehewin_Cree_Nation" title="Kehewin Cree Nation">Kehewin Cree Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Bull_Tribe" title="Louis Bull Tribe">Louis Bull Tribe</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Michel_Band" title="Michel Band">Michel Band</a></i> <small>(terminated)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana_First_Nation" title="Montana First Nation">Montana First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Chiese_First_Nation" title="O'Chiese First Nation">O'Chiese First Nation</a></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Papaschase Band</a></i> <small>(terminated)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_First_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul First Nation">Paul First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saddle_Lake_Cree_Nation" title="Saddle Lake Cree Nation">Saddle Lake Cree Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samson_First_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Samson First Nation">Samson First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunchild_First_Nation" title="Sunchild First Nation">Sunchild First Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitefish_Lake_First_Nation_(Goodfish)" class="mw-redirect" title="Whitefish Lake First Nation (Goodfish)">Whitefish Lake First Nation (Goodfish)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="25px&#124;Flag_of_Alberta_First_Nations_in_Alberta" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #f8d6b6;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:First_Nations_in_Alberta" title="Template:First Nations in Alberta"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:First_Nations_in_Alberta" title="Template talk:First Nations in Alberta"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:First_Nations_in_Alberta" title="Special:EditPage/Template:First Nations in Alberta"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="25px&#124;Flag_of_Alberta_First_Nations_in_Alberta" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Alberta.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Alberta"><img alt="Flag of Alberta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Alberta.svg/25px-Flag_of_Alberta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Alberta.svg/38px-Flag_of_Alberta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Alberta.svg/50px-Flag_of_Alberta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/First_Nations_in_Alberta" title="First Nations in Alberta">First Nations in Alberta</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Classification_of_indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Classification of indigenous peoples of the Americas">Cultural areas</a>: <a href="/wiki/Plains_Indians" title="Plains Indians">Plains</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Subarctic" title="Indigenous peoples of the Subarctic">Subarctic</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_languages_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous languages of the Americas">Ethnolinguistic groups</a> (by language family)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algic_languages" title="Algic languages">Algic</a> / <a href="/wiki/Algonquian_peoples" title="Algonquian peoples">Algonquian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blackfoot" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackfoot">Blackfoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cree" title="Cree">Cree</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plains_Cree_language" title="Plains Cree language"><i>Plains</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodland_Cree" title="Woodland Cree"><i>Woodland</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saulteaux" title="Saulteaux">Saulteaux</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athapascan" class="mw-redirect" title="Athapascan">Athapascan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dene" title="Dene">Dene</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dane-zaa" title="Dane-zaa">Daneẕaa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chipewyan" title="Chipewyan">Dënesųłı̨ne</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Slavey_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavey people">Dene Tha'</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tsuut%27ina_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsuut'ina Nation">Tsuut'ina</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siouan_languages" title="Siouan languages">Siouan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nakoda_(Stoney)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nakoda (Stoney)">Nakoda</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical <a href="/wiki/Polities" class="mw-redirect" title="Polities">polities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blackfoot_Confederacy" title="Blackfoot Confederacy">Blackfoot Confederacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_Confederacy" title="Iron Confederacy">Iron Confederacy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Numbered_Treaties" title="Numbered Treaties">Numbered Treaties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_6" title="Treaty 6">Treaty 6</a> <small>(1876)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_7" title="Treaty 7">Treaty 7</a> <small>(1877)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_8" title="Treaty 8">Treaty 8</a> <small>(1899)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tribal councils and<br /><a href="/wiki/Band_government" title="Band government">band governments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Athabasca_Tribal_Council" title="Athabasca Tribal Council">Athabasca Tribal Council</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray">Fort McMurray</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athabasca_Chipewyan_First_Nation" title="Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation">Athabasca Chipewyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipewyan_Prairie_First_Nation" title="Chipewyan Prairie First Nation">Chipewyan Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_McKay_First_Nation" title="Fort McKay First Nation">Fort McKay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_McMurray_First_Nation" title="Fort McMurray First Nation">Fort McMurray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikisew_Cree_First_Nation" title="Mikisew Cree First Nation">Mikisew Cree</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Blackfoot_Confederacy" title="Blackfoot Confederacy">Blackfoot Confederacy</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Standoff,_Alberta" class="mw-redirect" title="Standoff, Alberta">Standoff</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kainai_Nation" title="Kainai Nation">Kainai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piikani_Nation" title="Piikani Nation">Piikani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siksika_Nation" title="Siksika Nation">Siksika</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Confederacy_of_Treaty_6_First_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Confederacy of Treaty 6 First Nations">Confederacy of Treaty 6 First Nations</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Enoch,_Alberta" class="mw-redirect" title="Enoch, Alberta">Enoch</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_First_Nation" title="Alexander First Nation">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_Nakota_Sioux_First_Nation" title="Alexis Nakota Sioux First Nation">Alexis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaver_Lake_Cree_Nation" title="Beaver Lake Cree Nation">Beaver Lake Cree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_Lake_First_Nations" title="Cold Lake First Nations">Cold Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enoch_Cree_Nation" title="Enoch Cree Nation">Enoch Cree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermineskin_Cree_Nation" title="Ermineskin Cree Nation">Ermineskin Cree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frog_Lake_First_Nation" title="Frog Lake First Nation">Frog Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saddle_Lake_Cree_Nation" title="Saddle Lake Cree Nation">Whitefish Lake (Goodfish)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heart_Lake_First_Nation" title="Heart Lake First Nation">Heart Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kehewin_Cree_Nation" title="Kehewin Cree Nation">Kehewin Cree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Bull_Tribe" title="Louis Bull Tribe">Louis Bull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana_First_Nation" title="Montana First Nation">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Chiese_First_Nation" title="O'Chiese First Nation">O'Chiese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Band" title="Paul Band">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saddle_Lake_Cree_Nation" title="Saddle Lake Cree Nation">Saddle Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samson_Cree_Nation" title="Samson Cree Nation">Samson Cree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunchild_First_Nation" title="Sunchild First Nation">Sunchild</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kee_Tas_Kee_Now_Tribal_Council" title="Kee Tas Kee Now Tribal Council">Kee Tas Kee Now Tribal Council</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Atikameg,_Alberta" title="Atikameg, Alberta">Atikameg</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_Earth_Creek" title="Red Earth Creek">Loon River Cree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubicon_Lake_Band" title="Lubicon Lake Band">Lubicon Lake Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peerless_Trout_First_Nation" title="Peerless Trout First Nation">Peerless Trout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atikameg,_Alberta" title="Atikameg, Alberta">Whitefish Lake (Atikameg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodland_Cree_First_Nation" title="Woodland Cree First Nation">Woodland Cree</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lesser_Slave_Lake_Indian_Regional_Council" title="Lesser Slave Lake Indian Regional Council">Lesser Slave Lake Indian Regional Council</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Slave_Lake,_Alberta" class="mw-redirect" title="Slave Lake, Alberta">Slave Lake</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Driftpile_First_Nation" title="Driftpile First Nation">Driftpile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapawe%27no_First_Nation" title="Kapawe'no First Nation">Kapawe'no</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawridge_First_Nation" title="Sawridge First Nation">Sawridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sucker_Creek_Cree_First_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Sucker Creek Cree First Nation">Sucker Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_River_First_Nation" title="Swan River First Nation">Swan River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Peace_Tribal_Council" title="North Peace Tribal Council">North Peace Tribal Council</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/High_Level,_Alberta" class="mw-redirect" title="High Level, Alberta">High Level</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beaver_First_Nation" title="Beaver First Nation">Beaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dene_Tha%27_First_Nation" title="Dene Tha' First Nation">Dene Tha'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Red_River_Cree_Nation" title="Little Red River Cree Nation">Little Red River Cree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tallcree_Tribal_Government" title="Tallcree Tribal Government">Tallcree</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stoney_Nakoda_-_Tsuut%27ina_Tribal_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stoney Nakoda - Tsuut'ina Tribal Council (page does not exist)">Stoney Nakoda - Tsuut'ina Tribal Council</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Tsuut%27ina_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsuut'ina Nation">Tsuut'ina</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stoney_Nakoda_First_Nation" title="Stoney Nakoda First Nation">Stoney Nakoda</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bearspaw_First_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Bearspaw First Nation">Bearspaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiniki_First_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Chiniki First Nation">Chiniki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesley_First_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Wesley First Nation">Wesley</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsuut%27ina_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsuut'ina Nation">Tsuut'ina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tribal_Chiefs_Ventures&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tribal Chiefs Ventures (page does not exist)">Tribal Chiefs Ventures</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Beaver_Lake_Cree_Nation" title="Beaver Lake Cree Nation">Beaver Lake Cree</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beaver_Lake_Cree_Nation" title="Beaver Lake Cree Nation">Beaver Lake Cree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_Lake_First_Nations" title="Cold Lake First Nations">Cold Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frog_Lake_First_Nation" title="Frog Lake First Nation">Frog Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heart_Lake_First_Nation" title="Heart Lake First Nation">Heart Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kehewin_Cree_Nation" title="Kehewin Cree Nation">Kehewin Cree</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Cree_Tribal_Council" title="Western Cree Tribal Council">Western Cree Tribal Council</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Valleyview,_Alberta" title="Valleyview, Alberta">Valleyview</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duncan%27s_First_Nation" title="Duncan's First Nation">Duncan's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horse_Lake_First_Nation" title="Horse Lake First Nation">Horse Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturgeon_Lake_Cree_Nation" title="Sturgeon Lake Cree Nation">Sturgeon Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yellowhead_Tribal_Council" title="Yellowhead Tribal Council">Yellowhead Tribal Council</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Morinville,_Alberta" class="mw-redirect" title="Morinville, Alberta">Morinville</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_First_Nation" title="Alexander First Nation">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_Nakota_Sioux_First_Nation" title="Alexis Nakota Sioux First Nation">Alexis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Chiese_First_Nation" title="O'Chiese First Nation">O'Chiese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunchild_First_Nation" title="Sunchild First Nation">Sunchild</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unaffiliated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bigstone_Cree_Nation" title="Bigstone Cree Nation">Bigstone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Not federally recognized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aseniwuche_Winewak_Nation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aseniwuche Winewak Nation (page does not exist)">Aseniwuche Winewak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubicon_Lake_Indian_Nation" title="Lubicon Lake Indian Nation">Lubicon Lake Indian Nation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Not headquartered in Alberta</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acho_Dene_Koe_First_Nation" title="Acho Dene Koe First Nation">Acho Dene Koe</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Northwest_Territories" title="Northwest Territories">NT</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Lake,_British_Columbia" title="Kelly Lake, British Columbia">Kelly Lake</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">BC</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onion_Lake_Cree_Nation" title="Onion Lake Cree Nation">Onion Lake</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Saskatchewan" title="Saskatchewan">SK</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith%27s_Landing_First_Nation" title="Smith's Landing First Nation">Smith's Landing</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Northwest_Territories" title="Northwest Territories">NT</a>)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terminated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Papaschase</a> <small>(1891)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharphead_band" title="Sharphead band">Sharphead</a> <small>(1897)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Band" title="Michel Band">Michel</a> <small>(1958)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_reserves_in_Alberta" title="List of Indian reserves in Alberta">List of Indian reserves in Alberta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tis_in_Alberta" title="Métis in Alberta">Métis in Alberta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: 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