Four steps for implementing a large language model (LLM)

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cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-5d9e44d13b":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-19T21:29:58Z","dc:title":"Risk consulting services","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/consulting/risk-consulting-services"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/consulting/risk-consulting-services" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Risk consulting services</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-02d43cd1f1":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-19T21:28:16Z","dc:title":"Supply chain and operations","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/consulting/supply-chain-operations"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/consulting/supply-chain-operations" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Supply chain and operations</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" 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data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-ba568e9682":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-13T15:53:05Z","dc:title":"People and workforce","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/workforce"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/workforce" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">People and workforce</a> <ul class="cmp-navigation__group"> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-eba40e05ad":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-19T22:13:12Z","dc:title":"Change management and experience services","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/workforce/change-management-experience"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/workforce/change-management-experience" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Change management and experience services</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" 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cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-f910c10623":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-19T22:22:43Z","dc:title":"Corporate finance","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/strategy-transactions/corporate-finance"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/strategy-transactions/corporate-finance" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Corporate finance</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-1366e667ea":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-19T22:23:44Z","dc:title":"Divestment Strategy Consulting","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/strategy-transactions/sell-separate"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/strategy-transactions/sell-separate" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Divestment Strategy Consulting</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-431c9df3a7":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-20T00:50:28Z","dc:title":"Sustainability and ESG Services","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/strategy-transactions/sustainability-esg-strategy"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/strategy-transactions/sustainability-esg-strategy" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Sustainability and ESG Services</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-5c0b9e4c83":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-20T00:56:35Z","dc:title":"M&A advisory","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/strategy-transactions/buy-integrate"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/strategy-transactions/buy-integrate" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">M&A advisory</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-6b17558250":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-20T00:59:37Z","dc:title":"M&A Integration Consulting ","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/strategy-transactions/mergers-acquisitions-integration"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/strategy-transactions/mergers-acquisitions-integration" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">M&A Integration Consulting </a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-eb276b1570":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-20T00:58:55Z","dc:title":"M&A technology and tools","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/strategy-transactions/connected-capital-technologies"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/strategy-transactions/connected-capital-technologies" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">M&A technology and tools</a> </li> <li 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class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-1efa8f3bd5":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-19T22:24:57Z","dc:title":"Restructuring and Turnaround Strategy Consulting","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/strategy/restructuring-turnaround-strategy"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/strategy/restructuring-turnaround-strategy" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Restructuring and Turnaround Strategy Consulting</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-1" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-6316baeb49":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-13T15:53:05Z","dc:title":"Assurance","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/assurance"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/assurance" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Assurance</a> <ul class="cmp-navigation__group"> <li 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data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-7785d854a4":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-20T01:16:09Z","dc:title":"Financial accounting advisory services","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/financial-accounting-advisory-services"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/financial-accounting-advisory-services" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Financial accounting advisory services</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-adfbedae47":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-20T01:16:38Z","dc:title":"Forensic & Integrity Services","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/forensic-integrity-services"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/forensic-integrity-services" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Forensic & Integrity Services</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-0a0b014429":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-20T01:17:11Z","dc:title":"Private client audit experience","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/assurance/ey-private-audit"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/assurance/ey-private-audit" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Private client audit experience</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-d01fdfe881":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-05-08T19:05:44Z","dc:title":"Technology Risk","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/technology-risk"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/technology-risk" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Technology Risk</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-11821bcaea":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-20T01:18:36Z","dc:title":"AccountingLink","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/technical/accountinglink"}}"> <a href="/en_us/technical/accountinglink" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">AccountingLink</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-1" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-996dea2c4b":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-13T15:53:05Z","dc:title":"Tax","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/tax"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/tax" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Tax</a> <ul class="cmp-navigation__group"> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" 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data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-4fedb506d9":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-20T01:59:49Z","dc:title":"Tax policy and controversy ","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/tax-controversy-policy"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/tax-controversy-policy" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Tax policy and controversy </a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-1d45c51bdc":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-20T02:00:38Z","dc:title":"Global trade","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/insights/global-trade"}}"> <a href="/en_us/insights/global-trade" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Global trade</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-ef8e743138":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-20T02:02:05Z","dc:title":"Tax accounting","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/tax-accounting"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/tax-accounting" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Tax accounting</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-45d36ffc30":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-20T02:02:33Z","dc:title":"Tax compliance","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/tax-compliance"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/tax-compliance" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Tax compliance</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-5ef470b051":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-20T02:04:16Z","dc:title":"Transaction tax","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/strategy-transactions/transaction-tax"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/strategy-transactions/transaction-tax" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Transaction tax</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-6be227f5ac":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-20T02:05:18Z","dc:title":"Tax services: Designed for private","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/tax/private-client-services"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/tax/private-client-services" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Tax services: Designed for private</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-e3ad346239":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-20T02:06:13Z","dc:title":"2024 US election and tax policy","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/tax/global-tax-disruption"}}"> <a href="/en_us/tax/global-tax-disruption" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">2024 US election and tax policy</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-1" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-edf0aa87b5":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-13T15:53:05Z","dc:title":"EY Private","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/services/private-business"}}"> <a href="/en_us/services/private-business" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">EY Private</a> <ul class="cmp-navigation__group"> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" 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data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-4180850203":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-04-25T15:19:55Z","dc:title":"Consumer products","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/industries/consumer-products"}}"> <a href="/en_us/industries/consumer-products" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Consumer products</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-343d3bc3f7":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-04-25T15:19:55Z","dc:title":"Retail","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/industries/retail"}}"> <a href="/en_us/industries/retail" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Retail</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-2892794aa7":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-04-25T15:19:55Z","dc:title":"The future consumer ","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/future-consumer-index"}}"> <a href="/en_us/future-consumer-index" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">The future consumer </a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-ef0577bdf3":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-04-25T15:19:55Z","dc:title":"Sustainability","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/industries/sustainability-consumer-products-retail"}}"> <a href="/en_us/industries/sustainability-consumer-products-retail" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Sustainability</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-1" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-6b39d3ce53":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-13T15:53:19Z","dc:title":"Energy and resources","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/industries/energy-resources"}}"> <a 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data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-98433376bd":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-13T15:53:19Z","dc:title":"Health","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/industries/health"}}"> <a href="/en_us/industries/health" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Health</a> <ul class="cmp-navigation__group"> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-d881ef606d":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-04-25T15:17:27Z","dc:title":"Health","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/industries/health"}}"> <a href="/en_us/industries/health" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Health</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-b9ba2372be":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-04-25T15:17:26Z","dc:title":"Life 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class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Life sciences</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-1" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-b888fbdac7":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-13T15:53:19Z","dc:title":"Private equity","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/industries/private-equity"}}"> <a href="/en_us/industries/private-equity" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Private equity</a> <ul class="cmp-navigation__group"> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-499daa340b":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-04-25T15:17:01Z","dc:title":"Private equity value creation services","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/industries/private-equity/value-creation"}}"> <a href="/en_us/industries/private-equity/value-creation" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Private equity value 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origination</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-69edae0038":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-04-25T15:17:01Z","dc:title":"Digital in private equity ","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/industries/private-equity/digital"}}"> <a href="/en_us/industries/private-equity/digital" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Digital in private equity </a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-25b21d33bb":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-11-08T16:55:44Z","dc:title":"Generative AI services for private equity","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/industries/private-equity/generative-ai-services-for-private-equity"}}"> <a href="/en_us/industries/private-equity/generative-ai-services-for-private-equity" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Generative AI services for private equity</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-1" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-ef238baffa":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-19T20:48:01Z","dc:title":"Real estate, hospitality and construction","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/industries/real-estate-hospitality-construction"}}"> <a href="/en_us/industries/real-estate-hospitality-construction" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Real estate, hospitality and construction</a> <ul class="cmp-navigation__group"> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-49f2b5dc3b":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-10-17T17:24:32Z","dc:title":"Real Estate","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/industries/real-estate"}}"> <a href="/en_us/industries/real-estate" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Real Estate</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-afa80c13f9":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-10-17T17:24:46Z","dc:title":"Hospitality","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/industries/hospitality"}}"> <a href="/en_us/industries/hospitality" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Hospitality</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-04aad30871":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-10-17T17:24:59Z","dc:title":"Engineering and Construction","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/industries/engineering-construction"}}"> <a href="/en_us/industries/engineering-construction" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Engineering and Construction</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item 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data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-637bcfcf1b":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-20T14:25:11Z","dc:title":"Careers in Tax","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/careers/tax"}}"> <a href="/en_us/careers/tax" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Careers in Tax</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" data-cmp-data-layer="{"navigation-3af198012d-item-1c8b8779a0":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/navigation/item","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-20T14:25:11Z","dc:title":"Careers in Strategy, M&A and Corporate Finance Consulting","xdm:linkURL":"/en_us/careers/strategy-transactions"}}"> <a href="/en_us/careers/strategy-transactions" data-cmp-clickable class="cmp-navigation__item-link">Careers in Strategy, M&A and Corporate Finance Consulting</a> </li> <li class="cmp-navigation__item cmp-navigation__item--level-2" 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href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/global/main/en_gl/home/campaigns/ceo.html\">CEO agenda</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/global/main/en_gl/home/campaigns/cfo-agenda.html\">CFO agenda</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/global/main/en_gl/home/campaigns/board-matters.html\">EY Center for Board Matters</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/global/main/en_gl/home/media/podcasts.html\">Podcasts</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/global/main/en_gl/home/media/webcasts.html\">Webcasts</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/global/main/en_gl/home/campaigns/case-studies.html\">Case studies</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/global/main/en_gl/home/campaigns/coo.html\">Operations leaders</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/global/main/en_gl/home/campaigns/cio.html\">Technology leaders</a></p>\r\n"}}" id="rich-text-d234277f7f7d" data-up-is="rich-text" data-up-translation-read-more="Read more" data-up-translation-read-less="Read less" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-more="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-less="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" class="up-rich-text cmp-text" data-up-analytics="rich-text"> <div class="up-rich-text__container" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContainer"> <div class="up-rich-text__container-content" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContent"> <p><a href="/en_gl/services/ai">AI insights</a></p> <p><a href="/en_gl/ceo">CEO agenda</a></p> <p><a href="/en_gl/cfo-agenda">CFO agenda</a></p> <p><a href="/en_gl/board-matters">EY Center for Board Matters</a></p> <p><a href="/en_gl/media/podcasts">Podcasts</a></p> <p><a href="/en_gl/media/webcasts">Webcasts</a></p> <p><a href="/en_gl/case-studies">Case studies</a></p> <p><a href="/en_gl/coo">Operations 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href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/campaigns/cfo-agenda.html\">CFO agenda</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/media/podcasts.html\">EY podcasts</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/media/webcasts.html\">EY webcasts</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/campaigns/case-studies.html\">Case studies</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/campaigns/coo.html\">Operations leaders</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/campaigns/cio.html\">Technology leaders</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/campaigns/cmo.html\">Marketing and growth leaders</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/campaigns/ciso.html\">Cybersecurity and privacy leaders</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/campaigns/cro-risk.html\">Risk leaders</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/campaigns/board-matters.html\">EY Center for Board Matters</a></p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/insights.html#spotlight\">See more</a></p>\r\n"}}" id="rich-text-83a220314d31" data-up-is="rich-text" data-up-translation-read-more="Read more" data-up-translation-read-less="Read less" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-more="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-less="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" class="up-rich-text cmp-text" data-up-analytics="rich-text"> <div class="up-rich-text__container" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContainer"> <div class="up-rich-text__container-content" 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Enabled by data and technology, our services and solutions provide trust through assurance and help clients transform, grow and operate.</p>\r\n"}}" id="rich-text-bce66391f01a" data-up-is="rich-text" data-up-translation-read-more="Read more" data-up-translation-read-less="Read less" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-more="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-less="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" class="up-rich-text cmp-text" data-up-analytics="rich-text"> <div class="up-rich-text__container" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContainer"> <div class="up-rich-text__container-content" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContent"> <p>EY helps clients create long-term value for all stakeholders. Enabled by data and technology, our services and solutions provide trust through assurance and help clients transform, grow and operate.</p> </div> </div> <button class="rich-text__read-more-btn rich-text__button--hidden" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadMoreButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read more </button> <button class="rich-text__read-less-btn" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadLessButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read less </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container responsivegrid"> <div id="subnav-intro-button-2" class="cmp-container"> <div class="button"> <a id="button-c0f8ade21993" class="up-button cmp-button " href="/en_us/services" data-cmp-clickable data-up-is="button" 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transaction and transformation consulting</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/global/main/en_gl/home/services/consulting/technology-transformation.html\">Technology transformation</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/global/main/en_gl/home/services/tax-function-operations.html\">Tax function operations</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/global/main/en_gl/home/services/climate-change-sustainability-services.html\">Climate change and sustainability services</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/global/main/en_gl/home/campaigns/ecosystems.html\">EY Ecosystems</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/global/main/en_gl/home/industries/financial-services/business-transformation-platform.html\">EY Nexus: business transformation platform</a></p>\r\n"}}" id="rich-text-2ddee6e56e6a" data-up-is="rich-text" data-up-translation-read-more="Read more" data-up-translation-read-less="Read less" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-more="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-less="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" class="up-rich-text cmp-text" data-up-analytics="rich-text"> <div class="up-rich-text__container" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContainer"> <div class="up-rich-text__container-content" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContent"> <p><a href="/en_gl/services/ai/platform">EY.ai - A unifying platform</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.ey.com/en_gl/realize-your-ambition/strategy-transaction-transformation-consulting">Strategy, transaction and transformation consulting</a></p> <p><a href="/en_gl/services/consulting/technology-transformation">Technology transformation</a></p> <p><a href="/en_gl/services/tax-function-operations">Tax function operations</a></p> <p><a href="/en_gl/services/climate-change-sustainability-services">Climate change and sustainability services</a></p> <p><a href="/en_gl/ecosystems">EY Ecosystems</a></p> <p><a href="/en_gl/industries/financial-services/business-transformation-platform">EY Nexus: business transformation platform</a></p> </div> </div> <button class="rich-text__read-more-btn rich-text__button--hidden" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadMoreButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read more </button> <button class="rich-text__read-less-btn" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadLessButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read less </button> </div> </div> <div class="rich-text text"><div data-cmp-data-layer="{"rich-text-1051c721d5":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/rich-text","repo:modifyDate":"2024-04-11T14:59:23Z","xdm:text":"<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/services/ai.html\">Artificial Intelligence (AI)</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/services/strategy-transactions/transformation-consulting.html\">Strategy, transaction and transformation consulting</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/services/consulting/technology-transformation.html\">Technology transformation</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/services/tax-function-operations.html\">Tax function operations</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/services/climate-change-sustainability-services.html\">Climate change and sustainability services</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/campaigns/ecosystems.html\">EY Ecosystems</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/services/audit.html\">Audit</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/services/consulting/supply-chain-operations.html\">Supply chain and operations</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/alliances.html\">EY Partner Ecosystem</a></p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/services.html\">Explore Services</a></p>\r\n"}}" id="rich-text-2766de377b8a" data-up-is="rich-text" data-up-translation-read-more="Read more" data-up-translation-read-less="Read less" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-more="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-less="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to 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href="/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/services/technology/how-one-health-care-testing-company-gets-results-with-ai">How one health care testing company gets results with AI</a> </p> <p> <span class="date">04 Oct 2024</span><a href="/content/dam/content-fragments/ey-unified-site/ey-com/people/local/en_us/e/ey">EY Americas </a> </p> </div> <div class="caseStudies"> <p class="caseStudies__title">Tax</p> <p> <a href="/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/insights/tax/how-a-unified-tax-compliance-approach-generates-value">How a unified tax compliance approach generates value</a> </p> <p> <span class="date">04 Jan 2025</span><a href="/content/dam/content-fragments/ey-unified-site/ey-com/people/local/en_us/e/ey">EY Americas </a> </p> </div> <div class="caseStudies"> <p class="caseStudies__title">Workforce</p> <p> <a href="/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/insights/workforce/how-microsoft-built-a-new-mobility-model-for-cross-border-talent">How Microsoft built a new mobility model for cross-border talent</a> </p> <p> <span class="date">14 May 2024</span><a href="/content/dam/content-fragments/ey-unified-site/ey-com/people/local/en_us/e/ey">EY Americas </a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="container responsivegrid"> <div id="container-9b162933da" class="cmp-container"> <div class="separator"> <div class="cmp-separator"> <hr class="cmp-separator__horizontal-rule"/> </div></div> <div class="rich-text text"><div data-cmp-data-layer="{"rich-text-4aaf09053f":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/rich-text","repo:modifyDate":"2024-05-15T17:13:46Z","xdm:text":"<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/campaigns/case-studies.html\">See all</a></p>\r\n"}}" id="rich-text-2aa6e2fa9bf1" data-up-is="rich-text" data-up-translation-read-more="Read more" 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href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/careers/students-and-entry-level-professionals.html\">Early career opportunities</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/careers/mba-and-advanced-degree-opportunities.html\">MBA and advanced-degree students</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/careers/job-search.html\">Contract workers</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/careers/parthenon.html\">EY-Parthenon careers</a></p>\r\n"}}" id="rich-text-fc95512fe19e" data-up-is="rich-text" data-up-translation-read-more="Read more" data-up-translation-read-less="Read less" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-more="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-less="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" class="up-rich-text 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Female Using Laptop Computer, Collaborating with Developers Online"/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cmp-hero__overlay" data-variant-type="image-immersive"> <div class="cmp-hero__content"> <div class="cmp-hero__title"> <h1 class="h1"> Four steps to implement a large language model successfully </h1> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container responsivegrid aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12"> <div id="container-c44cb0f566" class="cmp-container"> <div class="aem-Grid aem-Grid--12 aem-Grid--default--12 "> <div class="container responsivegrid aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12"> <div id="container-de4c41483e" class="cmp-container"> <div class="aem-Grid aem-Grid--12 aem-Grid--default--12 aem-Grid--tablet-portrait--12 aem-Grid--mobile--12 aem-Grid--tablet-landscape--12 "> <div class="upTwoColumns component aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12"><div class="up-two-columns"> <div class="up-two-columns__left-container"> <div 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data-cmp-data-layer="{"rich-text-19181a0433":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/rich-text","repo:modifyDate":"2024-02-05T15:30:37Z","xdm:text":"<h4><span style=\"font-weight: normal;\"><span class=\"copy-block\">Organizations are eager to adopt LLMs but navigating potential pitfalls can be challenging.</span></span></h4>\r\n"}}" id="rich-text-19181a043397" data-up-is="rich-text" data-up-translation-read-more="Read more" data-up-translation-read-less="Read less" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-more="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-less="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" class="up-rich-text cmp-text" data-up-analytics="rich-text"> <div class="up-rich-text__container" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContainer"> <div class="up-rich-text__container-content" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContent"> <h4><span style=" font-weight: normal; "><span class="copy-block">Organizations are eager to adopt LLMs but navigating potential pitfalls can be challenging.</span></span></h4> </div> </div> <button class="rich-text__read-more-btn rich-text__button--hidden" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadMoreButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read more </button> <button class="rich-text__read-less-btn" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadLessButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read less </button> </div> </div> <div class="separator cmp-separator--horizontal-rule cmp-separator--half-size aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--11 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--0"> <div class="cmp-separator"> <hr class="cmp-separator__horizontal-rule"/> </div></div> <div class="rich-text text aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--11 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--0"><div data-cmp-data-layer="{"rich-text-4ec05c41a6":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/rich-text","repo:modifyDate":"2024-02-05T15:30:51Z","xdm:text":"<h5><span class=\"copy-block\"><b data-rte-class=\"rte-temp\"><b>In brief</b></b><br>\r\n</span></h5>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span class=\"copy-block\">Companies are pondering how to best prepare for adopting an LLM.</span></li>\r\n<li><span class=\"copy-block\">Implementation issues include a lack of tools or platforms to develop models, as well as artificial intelligence (AI) skills.</span></li>\r\n<li><span class=\"copy-block\">A comprehensive framework that considers the use case, cost of ownership, AI readiness and hosting architecture can help overcome these obstacles.</span></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n"}}" id="rich-text-4ec05c41a6e7" data-up-is="rich-text" data-up-translation-read-more="Read more" data-up-translation-read-less="Read less" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-more="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-less="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" class="up-rich-text cmp-text" data-up-analytics="rich-text"> <div class="up-rich-text__container" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContainer"> <div class="up-rich-text__container-content" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContent"> <h5><span class="copy-block"><b data-rte-class="rte-temp"><b>In brief</b></b><br /> </span></h5> <ul><li><span class="copy-block">Companies are pondering how to best prepare for adopting an LLM.</span></li><li><span class="copy-block">Implementation issues include a lack of tools or platforms to develop models, as well as artificial intelligence (AI) skills.</span></li><li><span class="copy-block">A comprehensive framework that considers the use case, cost of ownership, AI readiness and hosting architecture can help overcome these obstacles.</span></li></ul> </div> </div> <button class="rich-text__read-more-btn rich-text__button--hidden" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadMoreButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read more </button> <button class="rich-text__read-less-btn" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadLessButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read less </button> </div> </div> <div class="separator cmp-separator--horizontal-rule cmp-separator--half-size aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--11 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--0"> <div class="cmp-separator"> <hr class="cmp-separator__horizontal-rule"/> </div></div> <div class="rich-text text aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--11 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--0"><div data-cmp-data-layer="{"rich-text-c211e6e74b":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/rich-text","repo:modifyDate":"2024-02-05T15:39:49Z","xdm:text":"<p><span class=\"copy-block\"><span class=\"drop-cap\">G</span>enerative AI (GenAI) is revolutionizing industries and reformulating how organizations engage with customers, design products and streamline operations. Large language models (LLMs) are GenAI models that are trained on an enormous amount of text data to understand and generate human-like language, which means they can help organizations process and synthesize data more quickly, uncover patterns and generate valuable insights. However, many companies are grappling with how to get ready to adopt LLMs.</span></p>\r\n<h3><span class=\"copy-block\">Top factors hindering the adoption of AI, such as an LLM</span></h3>\r\n"}}" id="rich-text-c211e6e74b82" data-up-is="rich-text" data-up-translation-read-more="Read more" data-up-translation-read-less="Read less" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-more="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-less="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" class="up-rich-text cmp-text" data-up-analytics="rich-text"> <div class="up-rich-text__container" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContainer"> <div class="up-rich-text__container-content" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContent"> <p><span class="copy-block"><span class="drop-cap">G</span>enerative AI (GenAI) is revolutionizing industries and reformulating how organizations engage with customers, design products and streamline operations. Large language models (LLMs) are GenAI models that are trained on an enormous amount of text data to understand and generate human-like language, which means they can help organizations process and synthesize data more quickly, uncover patterns and generate valuable insights. However, many companies are grappling with how to get ready to adopt LLMs.</span></p> <h3><span class="copy-block">Top factors hindering the adoption of AI, such as an LLM</span></h3> </div> </div> <button class="rich-text__read-more-btn rich-text__button--hidden" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadMoreButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read more </button> <button class="rich-text__read-less-btn" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadLessButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read less </button> </div> </div> <div class="upHtmlApp component aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--11 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--0"><div id="htmlApp-d8d9e0ca6d69" data-up-is="html-app" class="up-html-app"> <div class="flourish-embed" data-src="story/2082329?802218"><script src="https://public.flourish.studio/resources/embed.js"></script></div> </div> </div> <div class="rich-text text aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--11 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--0"><div data-cmp-data-layer="{"rich-text-fd4e70b11c":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/rich-text","repo:modifyDate":"2024-01-03T10:22:29Z","xdm:text":"<h6>Source:&nbsp;<i>IBM Global AI Adoption Index 2022</i>, IBM Corporation, May 2022</h6>\r\n"}}" id="rich-text-fd4e70b11cb0" data-up-is="rich-text" data-up-translation-read-more="Read more" data-up-translation-read-less="Read less" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-more="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-less="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" class="up-rich-text cmp-text" data-up-analytics="rich-text"> <div class="up-rich-text__container" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContainer"> <div class="up-rich-text__container-content" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContent"> <h6>Source: <i>IBM Global AI Adoption Index 2022</i>, IBM Corporation, May 2022</h6> </div> </div> <button class="rich-text__read-more-btn rich-text__button--hidden" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadMoreButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read more </button> <button class="rich-text__read-less-btn" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadLessButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read less </button> </div> </div> <div class="upArticleReference component aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--11 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--0"><span class="up-article-reference" data-up-is="article-reference" data-up-analytics="article-reference" data-analytics-page-title="Four steps for implementing a large language model (LLM) | EY - US" data-up-is-expanded="false"> <button id="article-reference-heading" class="up-article-reference__heading" data-up-hook-article-reference="heading" aria-controls="article-reference-content" aria-expanded="false" role="button"> <span class="up-article-reference__heading-opened">Open image description </span> <span class="up-article-reference__heading-closed">Close image description </span> </button> <div id="article-reference-content" class="up-article-reference__content" data-up-hook-article-reference="content" role="region" aria-labelledby="article-reference-heading" aria-hidden="true" inert> <span>This chart displays the <i>IBM Global AI Adoption Index 2022</i> findings about the top five factors hindering the adoption of AI. The results showed that 34% of respondents reported limited AI skills, expertise or knowledge; 29% said the price is too high; 25% indicated that they lack the tools or platforms to develop models; 24% said projects are too complex or difficult to integrate and scale; and 24% reported that there is too much data complexity.</span> </div> </span> <br/> </div> <div class="nested-tile aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--11 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--0"><div class="content"> <div class="height-control"></div> <div class="nestedTileSec nestedTile-parsys rightAlign small"> <div id="nested-tile-container-58ef80f515" class="cmp-container"> <div class="link-area"> <div class="cmp-link-area cmp-link-area--regular " data-analytics-category="Link Area"> <p class="cmp-link-area__header"> How EY-Parthenon can help </p> <div> <ul class="cmp-link-area__regular "> <li class="cmp-link-area__item "> <div class="cmp-link-area__wrapper"> <p class="cmp-link-area__item--title"> <a data-analytics-link-click data-analytics-event-label="linkAreaHeader-EY-Parthenon-How EY-Parthenon can Help" data-analytics-action-value="Strategy Consulting Services" href="/en_us/services/strategy/consulting"> Strategy Consulting Services </a> </p> </div> <p class="cmp-link-area__item__paragraph">Our Strategy Consulting teams help CEOs achieve maximum value for stakeholders by designing strategies that improve profitability and long-term value.</p> <a class="cmp-link-area__item__readmore" href="/en_us/services/strategy/consulting"> Read more </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="richText-content cmp-text nested-tile--georgia-font"> <h2>How a comprehensive AI and LLM framework helps prepare companies</h2> <p> </p> <p>A thorough AI framework that evaluates readiness and addresses potential issues before investing can help organizations get on the right path. For example, some private equity firms are experimenting with LLMs to analyze market trends and patterns, manage documents and automate some functions. They are also considering how GenAI may impact their investing strategy. The following four-step analysis can assist an organization in deciding whether to build its own LLM or work with a partner to facilitate an LLM implementation.</p> <p> </p> <h3>1) Define the use case for adopting an LLM</h3> <p> </p> <p>There is a lot of hype around GenAI and all that it can do. Although it’s a powerful technology, it may not be suitable for addressing some problems and could be costly if deployed without defining the specific use case. Use cases related to lower-level customer support, content creation and document analysis tend to be best suited for GenAI experimentation.</p> <p> </p> <p>Once businesses determine they have zeroed in on the right set of use cases, it is beneficial for them to start experimenting with one of the pretrained enterprise-scale LLMs like OpenAI’s GPT-4. Using a state-of-the-art pretrained model can lead to multiple operational efficiencies by:</p> <p> </p> <ul><li>Streamlining hybrid and multi-cloud management, which enables teams to communicate with cloud infrastructure using natural language queries</li><li>Simplifying tasks such as monitoring, troubleshooting and maintaining multi-cloud deployments</li><li>Facilitating the automation of testing processes by analyzing input materials, including requirements documents and user stories (e.g., generating structured test cases that can be executed automatically or manually and creating realistic test data)</li><li>Accelerating the software process by automating code reviews and suggesting potential optimization via advanced natural language understanding capabilities that enable the analysis of code quality and provide actionable feedback, thus streamlining the development workflow and reducing the time required for manual code inspections and improvements</li></ul> <p>Still, in certain scenarios where pretrained models fail to meet accuracy goals, companies may opt to train or fine-tune a model by funneling proprietary data to improve the overall performance.</p> <p> </p> <h3>2) Evaluate AI readiness</h3> <p> </p> <p>The next step is to assess the organization’s AI and machine learning (ML) readiness across three categories: AI capabilities, data and data practices, and analytics capabilities. If companies don’t take this step, there’s a risk of going in unprepared and not being able to successfully achieve the project’s goals.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="upHtmlApp component aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--11 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--0"><div id="htmlApp-a22de9aed227" data-up-is="html-app" class="up-html-app"> <div class="flourish-embed" data-src="story/2082330?802218"><script src="https://public.flourish.studio/resources/embed.js"></script></div> </div> </div> <div class="rich-text text aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--11 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--0"><div data-cmp-data-layer="{"rich-text-49826572f3":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/rich-text","repo:modifyDate":"2024-02-05T15:35:51Z","xdm:text":"<p><span class=\"copy-block\">To implement an LLM, it’s also helpful for companies to focus on acquiring or building AI skill sets, including prompt engineering, retrieval augmented generation, vector databases and ethical AI practices. To accomplish this, businesses can:</span></p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span class=\"copy-block\">Provide continuous training and upskilling</span></li>\r\n<li><span class=\"copy-block\">Access professionals with experience in AI development</span></li>\r\n<li><span class=\"copy-block\">Create a systematic approach to embed ethical AI practices in every aspect of implementation</span></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p><span class=\"copy-block\">Next, it’s important for a company to analyze its data readiness by determining:</span></p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span class=\"copy-block\">The appropriate data analytics and learning pipeline architecture</span></li>\r\n<li><span class=\"copy-block\">The selection of automated tools that import data from various sources to one target location</span></li>\r\n<li><span class=\"copy-block\">The level of security in the analytics environment</span></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p><span class=\"copy-block\">Lastly, it’s beneficial for companies to build and fine-tune analytics capabilities, including models and algorithms, to improve performance. This includes:</span></p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span class=\"copy-block\">Rigorous model validation and testing</span></li>\r\n<li><span class=\"copy-block\">Iterative improvements based on real-world feedback</span></li>\r\n<li><span class=\"copy-block\">Integration of AI insights into decision-making processes for measurable impact</span></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<h3><span class=\"copy-block\" style=\"font-weight: normal;\">3) Choose the appropriate hosting architecture</span></h3>\r\n<p><span class=\"copy-block\">Selecting the right architecture for an organization’s unique needs encompasses three vital layers — the pre-processing, middleware and post-processing layers — as displayed in the chart below.</span></p>\r\n"}}" id="rich-text-49826572f31a" data-up-is="rich-text" data-up-translation-read-more="Read more" data-up-translation-read-less="Read less" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-more="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-less="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" class="up-rich-text cmp-text" data-up-analytics="rich-text"> <div class="up-rich-text__container" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContainer"> <div class="up-rich-text__container-content" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContent"> <p><span class="copy-block">To implement an LLM, it’s also helpful for companies to focus on acquiring or building AI skill sets, including prompt engineering, retrieval augmented generation, vector databases and ethical AI practices. To accomplish this, businesses can:</span></p> <ul><li><span class="copy-block">Provide continuous training and upskilling</span></li><li><span class="copy-block">Access professionals with experience in AI development</span></li><li><span class="copy-block">Create a systematic approach to embed ethical AI practices in every aspect of implementation</span></li></ul> <p><span class="copy-block">Next, it’s important for a company to analyze its data readiness by determining:</span></p> <ul><li><span class="copy-block">The appropriate data analytics and learning pipeline architecture</span></li><li><span class="copy-block">The selection of automated tools that import data from various sources to one target location</span></li><li><span class="copy-block">The level of security in the analytics environment</span></li></ul> <p><span class="copy-block">Lastly, it’s beneficial for companies to build and fine-tune analytics capabilities, including models and algorithms, to improve performance. This includes:</span></p> <ul><li><span class="copy-block">Rigorous model validation and testing</span></li><li><span class="copy-block">Iterative improvements based on real-world feedback</span></li><li><span class="copy-block">Integration of AI insights into decision-making processes for measurable impact</span></li></ul> <h3><span class="copy-block" style=" font-weight: normal; ">3) Choose the appropriate hosting architecture</span></h3> <p><span class="copy-block">Selecting the right architecture for an organization’s unique needs encompasses three vital layers — the pre-processing, middleware and post-processing layers — as displayed in the chart below.</span></p> </div> </div> <button class="rich-text__read-more-btn rich-text__button--hidden" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadMoreButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read more </button> <button class="rich-text__read-less-btn" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadLessButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read less </button> </div> </div> <div class="upHtmlApp component aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--11 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--0"><div id="htmlApp-65ebb03594c4" data-up-is="html-app" class="up-html-app"> <div class="flourish-embed" data-src="story/2017910?94740"><script src="https://public.flourish.studio/resources/embed.js"></script></div> </div> </div> <div class="upArticleReference component aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--11 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--0"><span class="up-article-reference" data-up-is="article-reference" data-up-analytics="article-reference" data-analytics-page-title="Four steps for implementing a large language model (LLM) | EY - US" data-up-is-expanded="false"> <button id="article-reference-heading" class="up-article-reference__heading" data-up-hook-article-reference="heading" aria-controls="article-reference-content" aria-expanded="false" role="button"> <span class="up-article-reference__heading-opened">Open image description </span> <span class="up-article-reference__heading-closed">Close image description </span> </button> <div id="article-reference-content" class="up-article-reference__content" data-up-hook-article-reference="content" role="region" aria-labelledby="article-reference-heading" aria-hidden="true" inert> <span>Diagram illustrating a large language model (LLM) architecture with three key layers, preprocessing, middleware and post-processing, showcasing how data flows through each layer in the LLM system. The text below provides further details.</span> </div> </span> <br/> </div> <div class="rich-text text aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--11 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--0"><div data-cmp-data-layer="{"rich-text-b669b0ac3f":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/rich-text","repo:modifyDate":"2024-02-05T15:36:29Z","xdm:text":"<p><span class=\"copy-block\">The pre-processing layer in an LLM architecture serves a critical role in handling data. Its responsibilities include collecting and consolidating structured and unstructured data into a container and employing optical character recognition (OCR) to convert a non-text input into text. It’s also responsible for ranking relevant chunks to send based on a token (a fundamental unit of text that a language model reads and processes) with a limit (the maximum length of the prompt). Furthermore, it may utilize custom personally identifiable information (PII) and mask it to protect sensitive information.</span></p>\r\n<p><span class=\"copy-block\">The middleware layer facilitates seamless interaction between the operating system and various applications. It supports a wide range of programming languages, including Python, .NET and Java, which enables compatibility and smooth communication across different platforms.</span></p>\r\n<p><span class=\"copy-block\">The post-processing layer refines the LLM’s output by using prompt engineering to frame queries and by offering a fine-tuning application programming interface (API) for customization on domain-specific data (such as curating financial data for training). It then consolidates and evaluates the results for correctness, addressing bias and drift with targeted mitigation strategies, to improve output consistency, understandability and quality.</span></p>\r\n"}}" id="rich-text-b669b0ac3fc5" data-up-is="rich-text" data-up-translation-read-more="Read more" data-up-translation-read-less="Read less" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-more="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-less="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" class="up-rich-text cmp-text" data-up-analytics="rich-text"> <div class="up-rich-text__container" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContainer"> <div class="up-rich-text__container-content" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContent"> <p><span class="copy-block">The pre-processing layer in an LLM architecture serves a critical role in handling data. Its responsibilities include collecting and consolidating structured and unstructured data into a container and employing optical character recognition (OCR) to convert a non-text input into text. It’s also responsible for ranking relevant chunks to send based on a token (a fundamental unit of text that a language model reads and processes) with a limit (the maximum length of the prompt). Furthermore, it may utilize custom personally identifiable information (PII) and mask it to protect sensitive information.</span></p> <p><span class="copy-block">The middleware layer facilitates seamless interaction between the operating system and various applications. It supports a wide range of programming languages, including Python, .NET and Java, which enables compatibility and smooth communication across different platforms.</span></p> <p><span class="copy-block">The post-processing layer refines the LLM’s output by using prompt engineering to frame queries and by offering a fine-tuning application programming interface (API) for customization on domain-specific data (such as curating financial data for training). It then consolidates and evaluates the results for correctness, addressing bias and drift with targeted mitigation strategies, to improve output consistency, understandability and quality.</span></p> </div> </div> <button class="rich-text__read-more-btn rich-text__button--hidden" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadMoreButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read more </button> <button class="rich-text__read-less-btn" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadLessButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read less </button> </div> </div> <div class="nested-tile aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--11 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--0"><div class="content"> <div class="height-control"></div> <div class="nestedTileSec nestedTile-parsys rightAlign small"> <div id="nested-tile-container-04dbf9bde3" class="cmp-container"> <div class="link-area"> <div class="cmp-link-area cmp-link-area--regular " data-analytics-category="Link Area"> <p class="cmp-link-area__header"> How EY-Parthenon can help </p> <div> <ul class="cmp-link-area__regular "> <li class="cmp-link-area__item "> <div class="cmp-link-area__wrapper"> <p class="cmp-link-area__item--title"> <a data-analytics-link-click data-analytics-event-label="linkAreaHeader-EY-Parthenon-How EY-Parthenon can Help" data-analytics-action-value="Software Strategy Consulting" href="/en_us/services/strategy/software-strategy-consulting"> Software Strategy Consulting </a> </p> </div> <p class="cmp-link-area__item__paragraph">Learn more about how EY-Parthenon Software Strategy Consulting teams apply real-world software CTO and CPO expertise to drive value.</p> <a class="cmp-link-area__item__readmore" href="/en_us/services/strategy/software-strategy-consulting"> Read more </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="richText-content cmp-text nested-tile--georgia-font"> <h3><span class="copy-block">4) Assess cost, data ownership options and resources</span></h3> <p><span class="copy-block"> </span></p> <p><span class="copy-block">The choice of an LLM implementation approach impacts the complexity and costs, including those associated with:</span></p> <ul><li><span class="copy-block">Training</span></li><li><span class="copy-block">Data collection, ingestion and cleansing</span></li><li><span class="copy-block">Hiring data scientists</span></li><li><span class="copy-block">Maintaining the model in production</span></li></ul> <p><span class="copy-block">The selection also greatly affects how much control a company will have over its proprietary data. The key reason for using this data is that it can help a company differentiate its product and make it so complex that it can’t be replicated, potentially gaining a competitive advantage. In addition, proprietary data can be crucial for addressing narrow, business-specific use cases.</span></p> <p><span class="copy-block"> </span></p> <p><span class="copy-block">Also, there are regulatory and ethical reasons for sustaining control. For example, depending on the data that is stored and processed, secure storage and auditability could be required by regulators. In addition, uncontrolled language models may generate misleading or inaccurate advice. Implementing control measures can help address these issues; for instance, preventing the spread of false information and potential harm to individuals seeking medical guidance.</span></p> <p><span class="copy-block"> </span></p> <p><span class="copy-block">Typically, there are three ways to implement an LLM — an API, platform as a service (PaaS) or self-hosted — each of which presents different considerations.</span></p> <p><span class="copy-block"> </span></p> <h4><span class="copy-block">Off-the-shelf model via API</span></h4> <p><span class="copy-block"> </span></p> <p><span class="copy-block">Using an API can alleviate the complexities of maintaining a sizable team of data scientists, as well as a language model, which involves handling updates, bug fixes and improvements. Using an API shifts much of this maintenance burden to the provider, allowing a company to focus on its core functionality. In addition, an API can enable on-demand access to the LLM, which is essential for applications that require immediate responses to user queries or interactions.</span></p> <p><span class="copy-block"> </span></p> <p><span class="copy-block">When a company uses an LLM API, it typically shares data with the API provider. It’s important to review and understand the data usage policies and terms of service to confirm they align with a company’s privacy and compliance requirements. The ownership of data also depends on the terms and conditions of the provider. In many cases, while companies will retain ownership of their data, they will also grant the provider certain usage rights for processing it. It’s beneficial for companies to clarify data ownership in their provider contracts before investing.</span></p> <p><span class="copy-block"> </span></p> <h4><span class="copy-block">PaaS</span></h4> <p><span class="copy-block"> </span></p> <p><span class="copy-block">PaaS provides companies access to use its LLM as part of a broader platform offering and allows customers to operate their LLMs without managing the underlying application infrastructure, middleware or hardware. However, by using this approach, companies may incur higher model costs associated with purchasing the rights to build on top of the LLM using their own data, as well as allowing domain specificity and model customization during deployment. It also enables companies to control their data and minimize the time to value and cost compared to the self-hosted approach. On the flip side, auditability of the data and the ability to provide comprehensive explanations for results can pose challenges as organizations are constrained given that their PaaS providers don’t provide the underlying data. In addition, PaaS can result in a greater total cost of ownership for the LLM and can be more complex than utilizing an API.</span></p> <p><span class="copy-block"> </span></p> <h4><span class="copy-block">Self-hosting an LLM</span></h4> <p><span class="copy-block"> </span></p> <p><span class="copy-block">This is the most expensive approach because it means rebuilding the entire model from scratch and requires mature data processes to fully train, operationalize and deploy an LLM. Furthermore, upgrading the underlying model for self-hosted implementations is more intensive than a typical software upgrade. On the other hand, it provides maximum control — since a company would own the LLM — and the ability to customize extensively.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container responsivegrid cmp-container--spacing-48-56-72-72 theme-light cmp-container--theme-light-grey cmp-container--alignment-center aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--11 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--0"> <div id="container-4b0fbb6daf" class="cmp-container"> <div class="aem-Grid aem-Grid--11 aem-Grid--default--11 "> <div class="rich-text text aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--7 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--2"><div data-cmp-data-layer="{"rich-text-5c910f25f8":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/rich-text","repo:modifyDate":"2024-03-18T09:31:12Z","xdm:text":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">No matter what stage a company is at in defining its GenAI strategy, the&nbsp;<a href=\"/content/ey-unified-site/ey-com/local/us/en_us/home/services/strategy/software-strategy-consulting.html\" target=\"_self\">EY-Parthenon Software Strategy Group</a>&nbsp;can help transform its vision into reality with frameworks to help identify the right approach for any organization’s unique circumstances.</p>\r\n"}}" id="rich-text-5c910f25f8e9" data-up-is="rich-text" data-up-translation-read-more="Read more" data-up-translation-read-less="Read less" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-more="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-less="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" class="up-rich-text cmp-text" data-up-analytics="rich-text"> <div class="up-rich-text__container" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContainer"> <div class="up-rich-text__container-content" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContent"> <p style=" text-align: center; ">No matter what stage a company is at in defining its GenAI strategy, the <a href="/en_us/services/strategy/software-strategy-consulting" target="_self" rel="noopener noreferrer">EY-Parthenon Software Strategy Group</a> can help transform its vision into reality with frameworks to help identify the right approach for any organization’s unique circumstances.</p> </div> </div> <button class="rich-text__read-more-btn rich-text__button--hidden" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadMoreButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read more </button> <button class="rich-text__read-less-btn" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadLessButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read less </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="rich-text text aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--11 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--0"><div data-cmp-data-layer="{"rich-text-2418e6e66f":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/rich-text","repo:modifyDate":"2024-02-05T15:37:16Z","xdm:text":"<h2><span class=\"copy-block\">Conclusion</span></h2>\r\n<p><span class=\"copy-block\">Advances in deep learning networks are foreshadowing a productivity revolution, which is spurring companies to keep up with the adoption of GenAI technologies. When embarking on an AI initiative that includes an LLM implementation, companies can better inform their decisions by employing a comprehensive AI implementation framework. Taking this approach can help businesses prepare by analyzing their purpose, goals, costs and readiness factors, including regulatory compliance and ethical safeguards.</span></p>\r\n<h5><span class=\"copy-block\">Lianda Luo, Austin Chen, Naina Wodon, Andrea Lamas-Nino and Ioannis Wallingford of Ernst &amp; Young LLP also contributed to this article.</span></h5>\r\n"}}" id="rich-text-2418e6e66fba" data-up-is="rich-text" data-up-translation-read-more="Read more" data-up-translation-read-less="Read less" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-more="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-less="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" class="up-rich-text cmp-text" data-up-analytics="rich-text"> <div class="up-rich-text__container" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContainer"> <div class="up-rich-text__container-content" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContent"> <h2><span class="copy-block">Conclusion</span></h2> <p><span class="copy-block">Advances in deep learning networks are foreshadowing a productivity revolution, which is spurring companies to keep up with the adoption of GenAI technologies. When embarking on an AI initiative that includes an LLM implementation, companies can better inform their decisions by employing a comprehensive AI implementation framework. Taking this approach can help businesses prepare by analyzing their purpose, goals, costs and readiness factors, including regulatory compliance and ethical safeguards.</span></p> <h5><span class="copy-block">Lianda Luo, Austin Chen, Naina Wodon, Andrea Lamas-Nino and Ioannis Wallingford of Ernst & Young LLP also contributed to this article.</span></h5> </div> </div> <button class="rich-text__read-more-btn rich-text__button--hidden" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadMoreButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read more </button> <button class="rich-text__read-less-btn" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadLessButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read less </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="rich-text text aem-GridColumn--tablet-landscape--10 aem-GridColumn--default--none aem-GridColumn--tablet-portrait--none aem-GridColumn--offset--tablet-portrait--0 aem-GridColumn--offset--default--2 aem-GridColumn--offset--mobile--0 aem-GridColumn--tablet-portrait--12 aem-GridColumn--mobile--none aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--8 aem-GridColumn--offset--tablet-landscape--1 aem-GridColumn--tablet-landscape--none aem-GridColumn--mobile--12"><div data-cmp-data-layer="{"rich-text-9851e73f2c":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/rich-text","repo:modifyDate":"2024-02-05T15:37:43Z","xdm:text":"<h4><span class=\"copy-block\">Summary&nbsp;</span></h4>\r\n<p><span class=\"copy-block\">As companies increasingly focus on adopting LLMs, using a comprehensive framework that evaluates readiness and addresses potential issues before investing can help organizations overcome implementation challenges.</span></p>\r\n"}}" id="rich-text-9851e73f2c82" data-up-is="rich-text" data-up-translation-read-more="Read more" data-up-translation-read-less="Read less" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-more="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" data-up-translation-aria-label-read-less="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content" class="up-rich-text cmp-text" data-up-analytics="rich-text"> <div class="up-rich-text__container" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContainer"> <div class="up-rich-text__container-content" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextContent"> <h4><span class="copy-block">Summary </span></h4> <p><span class="copy-block">As companies increasingly focus on adopting LLMs, using a comprehensive framework that evaluates readiness and addresses potential issues before investing can help organizations overcome implementation challenges.</span></p> </div> </div> <button class="rich-text__read-more-btn rich-text__button--hidden" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadMoreButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read more button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read more </button> <button class="rich-text__read-less-btn" data-up-hook-rich-text="richTextReadLessButton" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Read less button, press enter to activate, or use Up arrow key to learn more about this content"> Read less </button> </div> </div> <div class="separator aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12"> <div class="cmp-separator"> <hr class="cmp-separator__horizontal-rule"/> </div></div> <div class="container responsivegrid theme-dark cmp-container--theme-dark cmp-container--component-e2e aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12"> <div id="container-6894f850fb" class="cmp-container"> <div class="aem-Grid aem-Grid--12 aem-Grid--default--12 "> <div class="up-authors-and-contributors aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12"> <div class="up-authors-and-contributors up-authors-and-contributors--article-bottombar " data-up-analytics="authors-and-contributors" data-up-is="authors-and-contributors"> <p class="up-authors-and-contributors__title">About this article</p> <div class="up-authors-and-contributors__content"> <div class="up-authors-and-contributors__authors-and-contributors-container"> <div class="up-authors-and-contributors__authors-container"> <p class="up-authors-and-contributors__authors-title"> Authors </p> <ul class="up-authors-and-contributors__author-links"> <li class="up-authors-and-contributors__author-link-container"> <a class="up-authors-and-contributors__author-link up-authors-and-contributors__analytics-author-link" aria-label="Michael Stricklen" href="/en_us/people/michael-stricklen"> <figure class="up-authors-and-contributors__author-link-content"> <div class="up-authors-and-contributors__author-name-container"> Michael Stricklen </div> </figure> </a> <div class="up-authors-and-contributors__author-title"> Managing Director, EY-Parthenon Software Strategy Group, Ernst & Young LLP </div> </li> <li class="up-authors-and-contributors__author-link-container"> <a class="up-authors-and-contributors__author-link up-authors-and-contributors__analytics-author-link" aria-label="Jeff Vogel" href="/en_us/people/jeff-vogel"> <figure class="up-authors-and-contributors__author-link-content"> <div class="up-authors-and-contributors__author-name-container"> Jeff Vogel </div> </figure> </a> <div class="up-authors-and-contributors__author-title"> EY-Parthenon Americas Software Strategy Group Leader </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="up-authors-and-contributors__tags-and-social-container"> <div class="up-authors-and-contributors__article-tags-container"> <div class="related-topics surfaceTags"> <div data-cmp-data-layer="{"surfaceTags-77f37c30df":{"@type":"ey-unified-site/components/surfaceTags"}}" data-analytics-category="Surface Tags" class="up-surface-tags"> <span class="up-surface-tags__topic-title" data-analytics-label> Related topics </span> <div 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Four steps for implementing a large language model (LLM) | EY - US