CINXE.COM

Janus Words - Two-faced English - About Words - Cambridge Dictionary blog

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="pingback" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/xmlrpc.php"> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style> <!-- Jetpack Site Verification Tags --> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="SPmTcPb5b6kxs2QTu47s5XxrKN17DAapGtNVFMx7E9g" /> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>Janus Words - Two-faced English - About Words - Cambridge Dictionary blog</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Janus Words - Two-faced English - About Words - Cambridge Dictionary blog" /> <meta property="og:description" content="By Hugh Rawson As if reading and writing English is not difficult enough, the language includes a number of words with opposite meanings within themselves. These are often called Janus words, after Janus, the Roman god of doors and beginnings. (January, the first month of the year, is named for him.) Janus usually was represented &hellip; Continue reading Janus Words &#8211; Two-faced English" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="About Words - Cambridge Dictionary blog" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/CUPCambridgeDictionary" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2013-07-01T06:00:03+00:00" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2013-06-28T15:30:04+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/hugh.jpg?w=224" /> <meta name="author" content="hughrawson" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@CambridgeWords" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@CambridgeWords" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="hughrawson" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="5 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/"},"author":{"name":"hughrawson","@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/#/schema/person/0642b95b424874cbc7c4e3ec4e5dc113"},"headline":"Janus Words &#8211; Two-faced English","datePublished":"2013-07-01T06:00:03+00:00","dateModified":"2013-06-28T15:30:04+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/"},"wordCount":984,"commentCount":17,"publisher":{"@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/hugh.jpg?w=224","articleSection":["the English language"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/","url":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/","name":"Janus Words - Two-faced English - About Words - Cambridge Dictionary blog","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/hugh.jpg?w=224","datePublished":"2013-07-01T06:00:03+00:00","dateModified":"2013-06-28T15:30:04+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#primaryimage","url":"http://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/hugh.jpg?w=224","contentUrl":"http://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/hugh.jpg?w=224"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Janus Words &#8211; Two-faced English"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/#website","url":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/","name":"About Words - Cambridge Dictionary blog","description":"Commenting on developments in the English language","publisher":{"@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/#organization","name":"Cambridge Dictionary","url":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/og-image.png?fit=400%2C400&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/og-image.png?fit=400%2C400&ssl=1","width":400,"height":400,"caption":"Cambridge Dictionary"},"image":{"@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/CUPCambridgeDictionary","https://x.com/CambridgeWords","https://www.instagram.com/cambridgewords/","https://www.youtube.com/c/cambridgedictionary"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/#/schema/person/0642b95b424874cbc7c4e3ec4e5dc113","name":"hughrawson","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/#/schema/person/image/","url":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b0b0435c3c567be5d0f6979e5d464be5?s=96&d=identicon&r=g","contentUrl":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b0b0435c3c567be5d0f6979e5d464be5?s=96&d=identicon&r=g","caption":"hughrawson"},"description":"Hugh Rawson has been in involved in the book, magazine, and newspaper businesses all his working life. Among other things, he served as director of Penguin USA’s reference books operation, edited the Bulletin of The Authors Guild, wrote a column about American words and phrases for American Heritage magazine, and assisted William Safire on the last edition of Safire’s Political Dictionary. His book titles include Rawson’s Dictionary of Euphemisms &amp; Other Doubletalk; Wicked Words, which is the opposite of Euphemisms in that it tells you everything you might want to know about so-called “bad” words, and Devious Derivations, a book about folk etymologies. He also is the author of Unwritten Laws: The Unofficial Rules of Life as Handed Down by Murphy and other Sages and he co-authored with Hillier Krieghbaum An Investment in Knowledge, a history-study of a National Science Foundation program for training teachers of science and mathematics. Rawson has collaborated with his wife, Margaret Miner, on four dictionaries of quotations: The Oxford Dictionary of American Quotations, The New International Dictionary of Quotations, A Dictionary of Quotations from the Bible, and A Dictionary of Quotations from Shakespeare. He also writes a blog, focusing mainly on language, for The Huffington Post.","sameAs":["http://hughrawson.wordpress.com"],"url":"https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/author/hughrawson/"}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. --> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//secure.gravatar.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//stats.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts-api.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//widgets.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//jetpack.wordpress.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//s0.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//public-api.wordpress.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//0.gravatar.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//1.gravatar.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//2.gravatar.com' /> <link rel='preconnect' href='//i0.wp.com' /> <link rel='preconnect' href='//c0.wp.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="About Words - Cambridge Dictionary blog &raquo; Feed" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="About Words - Cambridge Dictionary blog &raquo; Comments Feed" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="About Words - Cambridge Dictionary blog &raquo; Janus Words &#8211; Two-faced English Comments Feed" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/feed/" /> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7.1"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='all-css-26e92f6cdfbfed5541071a4a0a059fa7' href='https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/_static/??-eJylU9tOwzAM/SGyaNx5QLxM4gP4AJQmJvPmJlGcUPXvcceGugu0Em859Tm2j+12SdkYCoSiE1WPgbWvAhvIXjcVyemGot0qwiab3GsuPcHCMl9151IyfaxF+YzumIjBUnXAesO6BYcGCNpBOQZJ5JAVgTe2X7QYJtUSG+OxZsqVjW2KQRj8tyUbd/5Z/zSxggTBQbAo4DWujHO9fhty8D43mQJcTjOWtTQpM4qfYLP5KJfrnrKUXQ8p/809+NlAScZu9bv40R4CZBQKX35OJWmjq4NtGWb7PcrasM2YCsagJGpIyWMfvhCdW4BwC78s6mysg7EdU3VJKs8tMW7uBM0eg8mxMpDmDpNcclODm97EmXofUIcPsx2sTQa3O8fhicHPOgKOFmVPFH3kI3D4nV7a5+XDzfLp+u728f4Lg2ad0A==' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-block-library-inline-css'> .has-text-align-justify{text-align:justify;} </style> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <style id='jetpack-sharing-buttons-style-inline-css'> .jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;list-style-type:none;margin:5px;padding:0}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-small-icon-size{font-size:12px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:16px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-large-icon-size{font-size:24px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:36px}@media print{.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:none!important}}.editor-styles-wrapper .wp-block-jetpack-sharing-buttons{gap:0;padding-inline-start:0}ul.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em} </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--font-family--albert-sans: 'Albert Sans', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--alegreya: Alegreya, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--arvo: Arvo, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--bodoni-moda: 'Bodoni Moda', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--bricolage-grotesque: 'Bricolage Grotesque', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--cabin: Cabin, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--chivo: Chivo, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--commissioner: Commissioner, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--cormorant: Cormorant, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--courier-prime: 'Courier Prime', monospace;--wp--preset--font-family--crimson-pro: 'Crimson Pro', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--dm-mono: 'DM Mono', monospace;--wp--preset--font-family--dm-sans: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--dm-serif-display: 'DM Serif Display', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--domine: Domine, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--eb-garamond: 'EB Garamond', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--epilogue: Epilogue, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--fahkwang: Fahkwang, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--figtree: Figtree, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--fira-sans: 'Fira Sans', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--fjalla-one: 'Fjalla One', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--fraunces: Fraunces, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--gabarito: Gabarito, system-ui;--wp--preset--font-family--ibm-plex-mono: 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace;--wp--preset--font-family--ibm-plex-sans: 'IBM Plex Sans', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--ibarra-real-nova: 'Ibarra Real Nova', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--instrument-serif: 'Instrument Serif', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--inter: Inter, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--josefin-sans: 'Josefin Sans', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--jost: Jost, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--libre-baskerville: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--libre-franklin: 'Libre Franklin', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--literata: Literata, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--lora: Lora, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--merriweather: Merriweather, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--montserrat: Montserrat, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--newsreader: Newsreader, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--noto-sans-mono: 'Noto Sans Mono', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--nunito: Nunito, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--open-sans: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--overpass: Overpass, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--pt-serif: 'PT Serif', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--petrona: Petrona, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--piazzolla: Piazzolla, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--playfair-display: 'Playfair Display', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--plus-jakarta-sans: 'Plus Jakarta Sans', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--poppins: Poppins, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--raleway: Raleway, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--roboto: Roboto, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--roboto-slab: 'Roboto Slab', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--rubik: Rubik, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--rufina: Rufina, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--sora: Sora, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--source-sans-3: 'Source Sans 3', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--source-serif-4: 'Source Serif 4', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--space-mono: 'Space Mono', monospace;--wp--preset--font-family--syne: Syne, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--texturina: Texturina, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--urbanist: Urbanist, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--work-sans: 'Work Sans', sans-serif;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}.has-albert-sans-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--albert-sans) !important;}.has-alegreya-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--alegreya) !important;}.has-arvo-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--arvo) !important;}.has-bodoni-moda-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--bodoni-moda) !important;}.has-bricolage-grotesque-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--bricolage-grotesque) !important;}.has-cabin-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--cabin) !important;}.has-chivo-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--chivo) !important;}.has-commissioner-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--commissioner) !important;}.has-cormorant-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--cormorant) !important;}.has-courier-prime-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--courier-prime) !important;}.has-crimson-pro-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--crimson-pro) !important;}.has-dm-mono-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--dm-mono) !important;}.has-dm-sans-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--dm-sans) !important;}.has-dm-serif-display-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--dm-serif-display) !important;}.has-domine-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--domine) !important;}.has-eb-garamond-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--eb-garamond) !important;}.has-epilogue-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--epilogue) !important;}.has-fahkwang-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--fahkwang) !important;}.has-figtree-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--figtree) !important;}.has-fira-sans-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--fira-sans) !important;}.has-fjalla-one-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--fjalla-one) !important;}.has-fraunces-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--fraunces) !important;}.has-gabarito-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--gabarito) !important;}.has-ibm-plex-mono-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--ibm-plex-mono) !important;}.has-ibm-plex-sans-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--ibm-plex-sans) !important;}.has-ibarra-real-nova-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--ibarra-real-nova) !important;}.has-instrument-serif-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--instrument-serif) !important;}.has-inter-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--inter) !important;}.has-josefin-sans-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--josefin-sans) !important;}.has-jost-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--jost) !important;}.has-libre-baskerville-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--libre-baskerville) !important;}.has-libre-franklin-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--libre-franklin) !important;}.has-literata-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--literata) !important;}.has-lora-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--lora) !important;}.has-merriweather-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--merriweather) !important;}.has-montserrat-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--montserrat) !important;}.has-newsreader-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--newsreader) !important;}.has-noto-sans-mono-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--noto-sans-mono) !important;}.has-nunito-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--nunito) !important;}.has-open-sans-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--open-sans) !important;}.has-overpass-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--overpass) !important;}.has-pt-serif-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--pt-serif) !important;}.has-petrona-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--petrona) !important;}.has-piazzolla-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--piazzolla) !important;}.has-playfair-display-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--playfair-display) !important;}.has-plus-jakarta-sans-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--plus-jakarta-sans) !important;}.has-poppins-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--poppins) !important;}.has-raleway-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--raleway) !important;}.has-roboto-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--roboto) !important;}.has-roboto-slab-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--roboto-slab) !important;}.has-rubik-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--rubik) !important;}.has-rufina-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--rufina) !important;}.has-sora-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--sora) !important;}.has-source-sans-3-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--source-sans-3) !important;}.has-source-serif-4-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--source-serif-4) !important;}.has-space-mono-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--space-mono) !important;}.has-syne-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--syne) !important;}.has-texturina-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--texturina) !important;}.has-urbanist-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--urbanist) !important;}.has-work-sans-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--work-sans) !important;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='dashicons-css' href='https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-includes/css/dashicons.min.css?ver=6.7.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='lovecraft-fonts-css' href='https://fonts-api.wp.com/css?family=Playfair+Display%3A400%2C700%2C400italic%7CLato%3A400%2C400italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C900%2C900italic&#038;subset=latin%2Clatin-ext&#038;ver=6.7.1' media='all' /> <style id='jetpack-global-styles-frontend-style-inline-css'> :root { --font-headings: unset; --font-base: unset; --font-headings-default: -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; --font-base-default: -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;} </style> <script type="text/javascript" id="jetpack-mu-wpcom-settings-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var JETPACK_MU_WPCOM_SETTINGS = {"assetsUrl":"https:\/\/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org\/wp-content\/mu-plugins\/wpcomsh\/vendor\/automattic\/jetpack-mu-wpcom\/src\/build\/"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/2382" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://wp.me/p1frMc-Cq' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdictionaryblog.cambridge.org%2F2013%2F07%2F01%2Fjanus-words-two-faced-english%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdictionaryblog.cambridge.org%2F2013%2F07%2F01%2Fjanus-words-two-faced-english%2F&#038;format=xml" /> <style>img#wpstats{display:none}</style> <style type="text/css"> .recentcomments a { display: inline !important; padding: 0 !important; margin: 0 !important; } table.recentcommentsavatartop img.avatar, table.recentcommentsavatarend img.avatar { border: 0px; margin: 0; } table.recentcommentsavatartop a, table.recentcommentsavatarend a { border: 0px !important; background-color: transparent !important; } td.recentcommentsavatarend, td.recentcommentsavatartop { padding: 0px 0px 1px 0px; margin: 0px; } td.recentcommentstextend { border: none !important; padding: 0px 0px 2px 10px; } .rtl td.recentcommentstextend { padding: 0px 10px 2px 0px; } td.recentcommentstexttop { border: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; } .rtl td.recentcommentstexttop { padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; } </style> <style type="text/css"> .site-title, .site-description { position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); } </style> <link rel="amphtml" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/?amp=1"><link rel="icon" href="https://s0.wp.com/i/webclip.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://s0.wp.com/i/webclip.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://s0.wp.com/i/webclip.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://s0.wp.com/i/webclip.png" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/?custom-css=c4b7b886d8" /> <!-- Jetpack Google Analytics --> <script async src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-0KGCN0J803'></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag() { dataLayer.push( arguments ); } gtag( 'js', new Date() ); gtag( 'config', "G-0KGCN0J803" ); </script> <!-- End Jetpack Google Analytics --> </head> <body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-2382 single-format-standard wp-embed-responsive group-blog"> <div id="page" class="hfeed site"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#content">Skip to content</a> <header id="masthead" class="site-header" role="banner"> <div class="site-branding"> <a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/" class="site-logo-link" rel="home" itemprop="url"></a> <h1 class="site-title"><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/" rel="home">About Words &#8211; Cambridge Dictionary blog</a></h1> <p class="site-description">Commenting on developments in the English language</p> </div><!-- .site-branding --> <div class="toggles clear"> <button class="menu-toggle toggle" aria-controls="primary-menu" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="bar"></div> <div class="bar"></div> <div class="bar"></div> <span class="screen-reader-text">Menu</span> </button><!-- .menu-toggle --> <button class="search-toggle toggle"> <div class="genericon genericon-search" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search</span> </div><!-- .genericon-search --> </button><!-- .search-toggle --> </div><!-- .toggles --> <nav id="site-navigation" class="main-navigation" role="navigation"> <div class="menu-cdo-container"><ul id="primary-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-7610" class="home menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-home menu-item-7610"><a href="http://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org">Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7609" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7609"><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org">Cambridge</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7611" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7611"><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/">Dictionary</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7612" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7612"><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/translate/">Translate</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7613" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7613"><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/">Grammar</a></li> <li id="menu-item-13516" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-13516"><a href="https://dictionary.cambridge.org/thesaurus/">Thesaurus</a></li> <li id="menu-item-13449" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-13449"><a href="https://dictionary.cambridge.org/plus/">+Plus</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7615" class="twitter menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7615"><a href="https://twitter.com/CambridgeWords">Twitter</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7616" class="facebook menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7616"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/CUPCambridgeDictionary/">Facebook</a></li> <li id="menu-item-7617" class="follow menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7617"><a href="#">Follow us</a></li> </ul></div> </nav><!-- #site-navigation --> <div class="mobile-search"> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/"> <label> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" title="Search for:" /> </label> <button type="submit" class="search-submit"> <span class="genericon genericon-search"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search</span> </span> </button> </form> </div> </header><!-- #masthead --> <a class="header-image-wrapper" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/" rel="home"> <div class="header-image bg-image" style="background-image: url(https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/cropped-About-Words-blog-header-2560x888-1.jpg)"> <img src="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/cropped-About-Words-blog-header-2560x888-1.jpg" width="1280" height="443" alt=""> </div> </a> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <div id="primary" class="content-area"> <main id="main" class="site-main" role="main"> <article id="post-2382" class="post-2382 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-the-english-language"> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title">Janus Words &#8211; Two-faced English</h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on">On <a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2013-07-01T07:00:03+01:00">July 1, 2013</time><time class="updated" datetime="2013-06-28T16:30:04+01:00">June 28, 2013</time></a></span><span class="byline"> By <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/author/hughrawson/">hughrawson</a></span></span><span class="cat-links">In <a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/category/the-english-language/" rel="category tag">the English language</a></span> </div><!-- .entry-meta --> </header><!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-content"> <p>By <a href="http://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/hugh-rawson/" target="_blank">Hugh Rawson</a></p> <p><a href="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/hugh.jpg"><img data-recalc-dims="1" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" data-attachment-id="2407" data-permalink="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/06/12/asadfarewell/hugh/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/hugh.jpg?fit=353%2C471&amp;ssl=1" data-orig-size="353,471" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;}" data-image-title="Hugh" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/hugh.jpg?fit=225%2C300&amp;ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/hugh.jpg?fit=353%2C471&amp;ssl=1" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-2407" alt="Hugh" src="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/hugh.jpg?resize=224%2C300" width="224" height="300" /></a>As if reading and writing English is not difficult enough, the language includes a number of words with opposite meanings within themselves. These are often called<b> Janus words</b>, after Janus, the Roman god of doors and beginnings. (January, the first month of the year, is named for him.) Janus usually was represented in art as having two bearded faces that faced in opposite directions, as do doors &#8212; and as do <b>Janus words</b>.</p> <p>Among the most commonly encountered <b>Janus words </b>are <b>cleave</b>, <b>hew</b>, and <b>sanction</b>. For example, one can be said <b>to cleave</b> a block of wood, meaning to split it, or <b>to cleave</b> to one’s principles, meaning to cling to them. <b>Hew</b> is almost synonymous in both senses. When a lumberjack <b>hews</b> a tree, he is cutting it down, but a politician who <b>hews</b> to a party platform, or a party line, is adhering closely to it. (<b>Party line</b>, by the way, usually is associated with the Communist Party, but is a lot older:  Senator Thomas Hart Benton of Missouri used it in a political context in a memoir published in 1854.) <b>Sanction</b>, meanwhile, may refer either to formal approval or permission, as in “Some states now sanction gay marriage,” or to an official ban, penalty, or deterrent, as in “The Treasury Department has imposed sanctions on Japan’s biggest organized-crime syndicate, known as the yakuza” (<i>New York Times</i>, Feb. 24, 2012).<span id="more-2382"></span></p> <p>Other <b>Janus words</b> – and this is just a selection – include <b>to scan</b>, meaning either to look carefully (“The captain scanned the horizon with binoculars”) or to glance quickly at (“She scanned the report in a few minutes”); <b>to peruse</b>, with similar senses, meaning both to read or examine carefully and to look at or read casually without much attention to detail; <b>inflammable</b>, easy to burn, and an especially treacherous term since the <b>in-</b> prefix is sometimes considered to be  a negative, with the result that the highly combustible word is understood as meaning “not flammable,” and  <b>to trip</b>, to catch one’s foot and stumble or, conversely, to step along nimbly (“me and Mamie O’Rourke, Tripped the light fantastic on the sidewalks of New York,” lyric, <i>The Sidewalks of New York</i>, 1894).</p> <p>For <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/connoisseur" title="connoisseur definition" target="_blank">connoisseurs</a> of language, an especially delicious <b>J-word</b> is the use of <b>oversight</b> when referring to congressional committees that are supposed to exercise <b>oversight</b>, meaning watchful <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/supervision?q=supervision" title="supervision definition" target="_blank">supervision</a> of governmental agencies. But an <b>oversight</b> also is a careless omission or mistake. After revelation in 1975 of lapses by the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence in reining in the Central Intelligence Agency, Theodore Sorensen, onetime speechwriter for President John F. Kennedy, noted that “The word ‘oversight’ has two meanings, and they chose the wrong one.”</p> <p>The <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/wordplay?q=wordplay" title="wordplay definition" target="_blank">wordplay</a> that characterizes slang also exploits Janus effects. For example <b>bad</b> can stand for “very good, excellent, wonderful, sexy” in different contexts. This usage is older than you might think. The earliest example of <b>bad</b> in a good sense in J. E. Lighter’s monumental but sadly as-yet unfinished <i>Historical Dictionary of American Slang</i> comes from 1897. It didn’t become common until much later, however. In <i>Manchild in the Promised Land</i>, a <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/memoir?q=memoir" title="memoir definition" target="_blank">memoir</a> about coming of age in Harlem in the 1950s, Claude Brown recalled at one point: “The slang had changed. . . . when somebody would say something about a bad cat, they would mean he was good. Somebody would say, ‘That was some bad pot,’ meaning it was good.”</p> <p>Variations on this theme include <b>not bad</b>, <b>not half bad</b>, and <b>not so bad</b>, which translate as “good,” “pretty good,” or, depending on intonation &#8212; “Not bad!” &#8212; as “very good.”  Thus, a <i>New York Times</i> reporter, when presented with a generous slice of fruitcake, figuratively <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/lick-your-lips?q=lick+your+lips" title="lick your lips definition" target="_blank">licked his lips</a>, acknowledging that “While unlikely to win the hearts and minds of those born after the so-called Greatest Generation, it was, to be sure, not bad. Not bad at all” (March 9, 2013).</p> <p>Even worse than <b>bad</b> is <b>wicked</b>, which is truly evil, but also is a <b>Janus word </b>in some contexts,  meaning “really good, excellent, wonderful.” <b>Wicked</b> seems to have acquired its “good” side more recently than did <b>bad</b>. The oldest example of the positive sense of the word in the historically organized <i>Oxford English Dictionary</i> is from the jazz age: “Tell’em to play ‘Admiration’! shouted Sloane. . . . Phoebe and I are going to shake a wicked calf” (F. Scott Fitzgerald, <i>This Side of Paradise</i>, 1920).</p> <p><b>Wicked</b> may also be used as an <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/intensifier?q=intensifier" title="intensifier definition" target="_blank">intensifier</a>, signifying “very, extremely,” as in a complimentary review of a book for young adults: “Even if ‘Gorgeous’ . . . never quite realizes its full potential, it is still a wicked good time” (<i>New York Times Book Review</i>, May 12, 2013).</p> <p>Similar to <b>Janus words</b> are what might be called <b>Janus sentences</b>, which have been constructed, usually deliberately, to be so <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/ambiguous?q=ambiguous" title="ambiguous definition" target="_blank">ambiguous</a> that opposing meanings can be read into them. These are especially useful when one is asked to write a letter of recommendation and wants to be honest but not to risk being sued for <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/slander_1?q=slander" title="slander definition" target="_blank">slander</a>. For example, “You’ll be lucky to get Jones to work for you” could be understood to mean that Jones will be a fine employee – or that once employed, he’ll hardly ever do any work.  “You’ll never catch Jones <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/goof-off" title="goof off definition" target="_blank">goofing off</a> or playing computer games” may just mean that Jones is too smart to be caught. Then there is the book review credited to Dorothy Parker: “It is not a novel to be dismissed lightly.” She added, however: “It should be thrown aside with great force.”</p> <p>Meanwhile, I am awaiting the day when some dear friend tells me: “I shall lose no time reading your next Cambridge post.”</p> <p>Hmmm.</p> <p><em>This is the second of two posts published following Hugh&#8217;s sad death at the start of June. We publish them now with the approval of his family, as we believe it is what he would have wanted.</em></p> <div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-facebook"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-shared="sharing-facebook-2382" class="share-facebook sd-button share-icon no-text" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/?share=facebook" target="_blank" title="Click to share on Facebook" ><span></span><span class="sharing-screen-reader-text">Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)</span></a></li><li class="share-twitter"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-shared="sharing-twitter-2382" class="share-twitter sd-button share-icon no-text" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/?share=twitter" target="_blank" title="Click to share on Twitter" ><span></span><span class="sharing-screen-reader-text">Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)</span></a></li><li class="share-reddit"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-shared="" class="share-reddit sd-button share-icon no-text" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/?share=reddit" target="_blank" title="Click to share on Reddit" ><span></span><span class="sharing-screen-reader-text">Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)</span></a></li><li class="share-email"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-shared="" class="share-email sd-button share-icon no-text" href="mailto:?subject=%5BShared%20Post%5D%20Janus%20Words%20-%20Two-faced%20English&body=https%3A%2F%2Fdictionaryblog.cambridge.org%2F2013%2F07%2F01%2Fjanus-words-two-faced-english%2F&share=email" target="_blank" title="Click to email a link to a friend" data-email-share-error-title="Do you have email set up?" data-email-share-error-text="If you&#039;re having problems sharing via email, you might not have email set up for your browser. You may need to create a new email yourself." data-email-share-nonce="715963d765" data-email-share-track-url="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/?share=email"><span></span><span class="sharing-screen-reader-text">Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window)</span></a></li><li class="share-print"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-shared="" class="share-print sd-button share-icon no-text" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#print" target="_blank" title="Click to print" ><span></span><span class="sharing-screen-reader-text">Click to print (Opens in new window)</span></a></li><li class="share-linkedin"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-shared="sharing-linkedin-2382" class="share-linkedin sd-button share-icon no-text" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/?share=linkedin" target="_blank" title="Click to share on LinkedIn" ><span></span><span class="sharing-screen-reader-text">Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)</span></a></li><li class="share-pinterest"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-shared="sharing-pinterest-2382" class="share-pinterest sd-button share-icon no-text" href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/?share=pinterest" target="_blank" title="Click to share on Pinterest" ><span></span><span class="sharing-screen-reader-text">Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)</span></a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul></div></div></div><div class='sharedaddy sd-block sd-like jetpack-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-post-wrapper-18458032-2382-6743860dd38d3' data-src='https://widgets.wp.com/likes/?ver=14.1-a.3#blog_id=18458032&amp;post_id=2382&amp;origin=dictionaryblog.cambridge.org&amp;obj_id=18458032-2382-6743860dd38d3&amp;n=1' data-name='like-post-frame-18458032-2382-6743860dd38d3' data-title='Like or Reblog'><h3 class="sd-title">Like this:</h3><div class='likes-widget-placeholder post-likes-widget-placeholder' style='height: 55px;'><span class='button'><span>Like</span></span> <span class="loading">Loading...</span></div><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div> </div><!-- .entry-content --> <footer class="entry-footer"> </footer><!-- .entry-footer --> </div> </article><!-- #post-## --> <nav class="navigation post-navigation" aria-label="Posts"> <h2 class="screen-reader-text">Post navigation</h2> <div class="nav-links"><div class="nav-previous"><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/new-words-1-july-2013/" rel="prev"><span class="meta-nav">Previous</span> <h4>New words &#8211; 1 July 2013</h4></a></div><div class="nav-next"><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/03/just-a-sliver/" rel="next"><span class="meta-nav">Next</span> <h4>Just a sliver!</h4></a></div></div> </nav> <div id="comments" class="comments-area"> <div class="comments-wrapper"> <h2 class="comments-title"> 17 thoughts on &ldquo;<span>Janus Words &#8211; Two-faced English</span>&rdquo; </h2> <ol class="comment-list"> <li class="pingback even thread-even depth-1" id="comment-7539"> <p>Pingback: <a href="http://blog.terminologiaetc.it/2013/03/12/parole-con-significati-contrari/" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">Terminologia etc. &raquo; &raquo; Enantiosemia: un ospite pauroso</a> </p> </li><!-- #comment-## --> <li id="comment-7540" class="comment odd alt thread-odd thread-alt depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-7540" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <img alt='' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/cb2cd339339f5d4c99d3cdca5af56cc5?s=60&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/cb2cd339339f5d4c99d3cdca5af56cc5?s=120&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-60 photo' height='60' width='60' decoding='async'/> <b class="fn">hasmukh</b> </div><!-- .comment-author --> </footer><!-- .comment-meta --> <div class="comment-content"> <p>interesting indeed</p> <div class='jetpack-comment-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-comment-wrapper-18458032-7540-6743860dd5b89' data-src='https://widgets.wp.com/likes/#blog_id=18458032&amp;comment_id=7540&amp;origin=dictionaryblog.cambridge.org&amp;obj_id=18458032-7540-6743860dd5b89' data-name='like-comment-frame-18458032-7540-6743860dd5b89'> <div class='likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes'><span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div> <div class='comment-likes-widget jetpack-likes-widget comment-likes'><span class='comment-like-feedback'></span><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div> </div> </div><!-- .comment-content --> <div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#comment-7540"> <time datetime="2013-07-01T14:14:55+01:00"> July 1, 2013 at 2:14 pm </time> </a> <span class="reply"><a rel="nofollow" class="comment-reply-link" href="#comment-7540" data-commentid="7540" data-postid="2382" data-belowelement="div-comment-7540" data-respondelement="respond" data-replyto="Reply to hasmukh" aria-label="Reply to hasmukh">Reply</a></span> </div><!-- .comment-metadata --> </article><!-- .comment-body --> </li><!-- #comment-## --> <li id="comment-7547" class="comment even thread-even depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-7547" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <img alt='' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/afb83b8cd32062b732ee3ef84a8acbac?s=60&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/afb83b8cd32062b732ee3ef84a8acbac?s=120&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-60 photo' height='60' width='60' decoding='async'/> <b class="fn">Dharmendra</b> </div><!-- .comment-author --> </footer><!-- .comment-meta --> <div class="comment-content"> <p>Soon after reading a few lines of this post, I made up my mind to contact the writer and learn from him. When I read further, I was cock sure I wouldn&#8217;t be able to keep from writing to him as soon as I finished reading the blog. But alas&#8230;I wish I hadn&#8217;t read the last paragraph.<br /> May his soul rest in peace.</p> <div class='jetpack-comment-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-comment-wrapper-18458032-7547-6743860dd623d' data-src='https://widgets.wp.com/likes/#blog_id=18458032&amp;comment_id=7547&amp;origin=dictionaryblog.cambridge.org&amp;obj_id=18458032-7547-6743860dd623d' data-name='like-comment-frame-18458032-7547-6743860dd623d'> <div class='likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes'><span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div> <div class='comment-likes-widget jetpack-likes-widget comment-likes'><span class='comment-like-feedback'></span><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div> </div> </div><!-- .comment-content --> <div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#comment-7547"> <time datetime="2013-07-02T04:50:20+01:00"> July 2, 2013 at 4:50 am </time> </a> <span class="reply"><a rel="nofollow" class="comment-reply-link" href="#comment-7547" data-commentid="7547" data-postid="2382" data-belowelement="div-comment-7547" data-respondelement="respond" data-replyto="Reply to Dharmendra" aria-label="Reply to Dharmendra">Reply</a></span> </div><!-- .comment-metadata --> </article><!-- .comment-body --> </li><!-- #comment-## --> <li id="comment-7548" class="comment odd alt thread-odd thread-alt depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-7548" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <img alt='' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/260faec2b55d20e8d26606fc5c0fe9d4?s=60&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/260faec2b55d20e8d26606fc5c0fe9d4?s=120&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-60 photo' height='60' width='60' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <b class="fn"><a href="http://gothamguide.wordpress.com" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">gothamguide</a></b> </div><!-- .comment-author --> </footer><!-- .comment-meta --> <div class="comment-content"> <p>It is a melancholy delight to have this post, post mortem. </p> <p>I would add two points: The use of &#8220;wicked&#8221; (with the emphasis on the last syllable, by the way) as an intensifier is largely limited to New England in general and Boston in particular. See, for instance, the film &#8220;Good Will Hunting.&#8221; It&#8217;s wicked good.</p> <p>Also, political activists sometimes create &#8220;Janus words&#8221; by embracing a demeaning term as an object of pride. A prime case in point is &#8220;queer,&#8221; a term long used to insult homosexuals, but one embraced by some gay activists as a badge of honor, a symbolic rejection of outdated stereotypes. Using these words requires a close attention to context: some gay men are insulted by &#8220;queer&#8221;; others (generally younger and more radical in their views) welcome it.</p> <div class='jetpack-comment-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-comment-wrapper-18458032-7548-6743860dd68bd' data-src='https://widgets.wp.com/likes/#blog_id=18458032&amp;comment_id=7548&amp;origin=dictionaryblog.cambridge.org&amp;obj_id=18458032-7548-6743860dd68bd' data-name='like-comment-frame-18458032-7548-6743860dd68bd'> <div class='likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes'><span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div> <div class='comment-likes-widget jetpack-likes-widget comment-likes'><span class='comment-like-feedback'></span><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div> </div> </div><!-- .comment-content --> <div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#comment-7548"> <time datetime="2013-07-02T06:47:31+01:00"> July 2, 2013 at 6:47 am </time> </a> <span class="reply"><a rel="nofollow" class="comment-reply-link" href="#comment-7548" data-commentid="7548" data-postid="2382" data-belowelement="div-comment-7548" data-respondelement="respond" data-replyto="Reply to gothamguide" aria-label="Reply to gothamguide">Reply</a></span> </div><!-- .comment-metadata --> </article><!-- .comment-body --> </li><!-- #comment-## --> <li id="comment-7958" class="comment even thread-even depth-1 parent"> <article id="div-comment-7958" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <img alt='' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/acb0d5cb97fe291c56552033aad079df?s=60&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/acb0d5cb97fe291c56552033aad079df?s=120&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-60 photo' height='60' width='60' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <b class="fn">Nariman Momen</b> </div><!-- .comment-author --> </footer><!-- .comment-meta --> <div class="comment-content"> <p>I would say that these words ,like the previous ones, become popular day by day.</p> <div class='jetpack-comment-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-comment-wrapper-18458032-7958-6743860dd6ff2' data-src='https://widgets.wp.com/likes/#blog_id=18458032&amp;comment_id=7958&amp;origin=dictionaryblog.cambridge.org&amp;obj_id=18458032-7958-6743860dd6ff2' data-name='like-comment-frame-18458032-7958-6743860dd6ff2'> <div class='likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes'><span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div> <div class='comment-likes-widget jetpack-likes-widget comment-likes'><span class='comment-like-feedback'></span><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div> </div> </div><!-- .comment-content --> <div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#comment-7958"> <time datetime="2013-08-11T15:02:29+01:00"> August 11, 2013 at 3:02 pm </time> </a> <span class="reply"><a rel="nofollow" class="comment-reply-link" href="#comment-7958" data-commentid="7958" data-postid="2382" data-belowelement="div-comment-7958" data-respondelement="respond" data-replyto="Reply to Nariman Momen" aria-label="Reply to Nariman Momen">Reply</a></span> </div><!-- .comment-metadata --> </article><!-- .comment-body --> <ol class="children"> <li id="comment-92079" class="comment odd alt depth-2"> <article id="div-comment-92079" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <img alt='' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/18b2469379d4138a9b9065e03bf0c6ab?s=60&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/18b2469379d4138a9b9065e03bf0c6ab?s=120&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-60 photo' height='60' width='60' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <b class="fn"><a href="http://alittlecuir.wordpress.com" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">alittlecuir</a></b> </div><!-- .comment-author --> </footer><!-- .comment-meta --> <div class="comment-content"> <p>I just came across this article. I was wondering if homophones could be considered Janus words. For example, when Donald Trump said that he would make America &#8220;great&#8221; again, is it possible that he meant &#8220;grate&#8221;?<br /> I&#8217;m curious, but not dying to find out. It&#8217;s not a Janus word.</p> <div class='jetpack-comment-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-comment-wrapper-18458032-92079-6743860dd7621' data-src='https://widgets.wp.com/likes/#blog_id=18458032&amp;comment_id=92079&amp;origin=dictionaryblog.cambridge.org&amp;obj_id=18458032-92079-6743860dd7621' data-name='like-comment-frame-18458032-92079-6743860dd7621'> <div class='likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes'><span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div> <div class='comment-likes-widget jetpack-likes-widget comment-likes'><span class='comment-like-feedback'></span><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div> </div> </div><!-- .comment-content --> <div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#comment-92079"> <time datetime="2019-03-16T09:44:59+00:00"> March 16, 2019 at 9:44 am </time> </a> <span class="reply"><a rel="nofollow" class="comment-reply-link" href="#comment-92079" data-commentid="92079" data-postid="2382" data-belowelement="div-comment-92079" data-respondelement="respond" data-replyto="Reply to alittlecuir" aria-label="Reply to alittlecuir">Reply</a></span> </div><!-- .comment-metadata --> </article><!-- .comment-body --> </li><!-- #comment-## --> </ol><!-- .children --> </li><!-- #comment-## --> <li class="pingback even thread-odd thread-alt depth-1" id="comment-45614"> <p>Pingback: <a href="https://shukrimahmoodmohamed.wordpress.com/2015/09/24/janus-words-two-faced-english/" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">Janus Words &#8211; Two-faced English | shukrimahmoodmohamed</a> </p> </li><!-- #comment-## --> <li id="comment-56782" class="comment odd alt thread-even depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-56782" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <img alt='' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2537bd9d0380ff331ed660c7dfb497c7?s=60&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2537bd9d0380ff331ed660c7dfb497c7?s=120&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-60 photo' height='60' width='60' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <b class="fn"><a href="http://kuttanlifeissues.wordpress.com" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">Kuttanlifeissues</a></b> </div><!-- .comment-author --> </footer><!-- .comment-meta --> <div class="comment-content"> <p>Reblogged this on <a href="https://kuttanlifeissues.wordpress.com/2016/09/14/janus-words-two-faced-english/" rel="nofollow">Kuttanlifeissues</a>.</p> <div class='jetpack-comment-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-comment-wrapper-18458032-56782-6743860dd7ca1' data-src='https://widgets.wp.com/likes/#blog_id=18458032&amp;comment_id=56782&amp;origin=dictionaryblog.cambridge.org&amp;obj_id=18458032-56782-6743860dd7ca1' data-name='like-comment-frame-18458032-56782-6743860dd7ca1'> <div class='likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes'><span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div> <div class='comment-likes-widget jetpack-likes-widget comment-likes'><span class='comment-like-feedback'></span><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div> </div> </div><!-- .comment-content --> <div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#comment-56782"> <time datetime="2016-09-14T02:53:57+01:00"> September 14, 2016 at 2:53 am </time> </a> <span class="reply"><a rel="nofollow" class="comment-reply-link" href="#comment-56782" data-commentid="56782" data-postid="2382" data-belowelement="div-comment-56782" data-respondelement="respond" data-replyto="Reply to Kuttanlifeissues" aria-label="Reply to Kuttanlifeissues">Reply</a></span> </div><!-- .comment-metadata --> </article><!-- .comment-body --> </li><!-- #comment-## --> <li class="pingback even thread-odd thread-alt depth-1" id="comment-56783"> <p>Pingback: <a href="https://kuttanlifeissues.wordpress.com/2016/09/14/janus-words-two-faced-english-2/" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">Janus Words &#8211; Two-faced English &#8211; Kuttanlifeissues</a> </p> </li><!-- #comment-## --> <li class="pingback odd alt thread-even depth-1" id="comment-130418"> <p>Pingback: <a href="https://getproficiency.wordpress.com/2020/02/17/new-words-17-february-2020-about-words-cambridge-dictionaries-online-blog/" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">New words – 17 February 2020 – About Words – Cambridge Dictionaries Online blog &#8211; Get Proficiency in English</a> </p> </li><!-- #comment-## --> <li class="pingback even thread-odd thread-alt depth-1" id="comment-151762"> <p>Pingback: <a href="https://www.newswars.com/why-congressional-oversight-of-the-bureaucracy-is-no-such-thing/" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">Why Congressional &#8220;Oversight&#8221; of the Bureaucracy Is No Such Thing &#8211; NewsWars</a> </p> </li><!-- #comment-## --> <li class="pingback odd alt thread-even depth-1" id="comment-151786"> <p>Pingback: <a href="https://stormcolleton.com/2020/05/27/why-congressional-oversight-of-the-bureaucracy-is-no-such-thing/" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">Why Congressional &#8220;Oversight&#8221; of the Bureaucracy Is No Such Thing &#8211; Church Security</a> </p> </li><!-- #comment-## --> <li class="pingback even thread-odd thread-alt depth-1" id="comment-151808"> <p>Pingback: <a href="https://libertarianguide.com/36872/why-congressional-oversight-of-the-bureaucracy-is-no-such-thing/" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">Why Congressional &quot;Oversight&quot; of the Bureaucracy Is No Such Thing - Libertarian Guide</a> </p> </li><!-- #comment-## --> <li class="pingback odd alt thread-even depth-1" id="comment-152125"> <p>Pingback: <a href="https://snbchf.com/2020/05/galles-why-congressional-oversight-bureaucracy/" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">Why Congressional &quot;Oversight&quot; of the Bureaucracy Is No Such Thing snbchf.com</a> </p> </li><!-- #comment-## --> <li id="comment-244480" class="comment even thread-odd thread-alt depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-244480" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <img alt='' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2757cac9a40fd1605d7402c5152866cf?s=60&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2757cac9a40fd1605d7402c5152866cf?s=120&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-60 photo' height='60' width='60' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <b class="fn"><a href="http://jianlye.wordpress.com" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">jianlye</a></b> </div><!-- .comment-author --> </footer><!-- .comment-meta --> <div class="comment-content"> <p>It is the first time I know this phrase Janus words. iteresting and I thank you sir.</p> <div class='jetpack-comment-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-comment-wrapper-18458032-244480-6743860dd850c' data-src='https://widgets.wp.com/likes/#blog_id=18458032&amp;comment_id=244480&amp;origin=dictionaryblog.cambridge.org&amp;obj_id=18458032-244480-6743860dd850c' data-name='like-comment-frame-18458032-244480-6743860dd850c'> <div class='likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes'><span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div> <div class='comment-likes-widget jetpack-likes-widget comment-likes'><span class='comment-like-feedback'></span><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div> </div> </div><!-- .comment-content --> <div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#comment-244480"> <time datetime="2022-04-27T23:29:09+01:00"> April 27, 2022 at 11:29 pm </time> </a> <span class="reply"><a rel="nofollow" class="comment-reply-link" href="#comment-244480" data-commentid="244480" data-postid="2382" data-belowelement="div-comment-244480" data-respondelement="respond" data-replyto="Reply to jianlye" aria-label="Reply to jianlye">Reply</a></span> </div><!-- .comment-metadata --> </article><!-- .comment-body --> </li><!-- #comment-## --> <li id="comment-246527" class="comment odd alt thread-even depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-246527" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <img alt='' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5851db546d9e193207c23c28506590ec?s=60&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5851db546d9e193207c23c28506590ec?s=120&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-60 photo' height='60' width='60' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <b class="fn"><a href="http://gravatar.com/n6mac41717" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">n6mac41717</a></b> </div><!-- .comment-author --> </footer><!-- .comment-meta --> <div class="comment-content"> <p>&#8220;The captain was sober today&#8230;&#8221;</p> <div class='jetpack-comment-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-comment-wrapper-18458032-246527-6743860dd8b48' data-src='https://widgets.wp.com/likes/#blog_id=18458032&amp;comment_id=246527&amp;origin=dictionaryblog.cambridge.org&amp;obj_id=18458032-246527-6743860dd8b48' data-name='like-comment-frame-18458032-246527-6743860dd8b48'> <div class='likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes'><span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div> <div class='comment-likes-widget jetpack-likes-widget comment-likes'><span class='comment-like-feedback'></span><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div> </div> </div><!-- .comment-content --> <div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#comment-246527"> <time datetime="2022-08-21T18:41:22+01:00"> August 21, 2022 at 6:41 pm </time> </a> <span class="reply"><a rel="nofollow" class="comment-reply-link" href="#comment-246527" data-commentid="246527" data-postid="2382" data-belowelement="div-comment-246527" data-respondelement="respond" data-replyto="Reply to n6mac41717" aria-label="Reply to n6mac41717">Reply</a></span> </div><!-- .comment-metadata --> </article><!-- .comment-body --> </li><!-- #comment-## --> <li id="comment-251750" class="comment even thread-odd thread-alt depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-251750" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <img alt='' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3f9737057512a277b28d1d3fc18c6e9b?s=60&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3f9737057512a277b28d1d3fc18c6e9b?s=120&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-60 photo' height='60' width='60' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <b class="fn"><a href="http://Ebl" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">Musa</a></b> </div><!-- .comment-author --> </footer><!-- .comment-meta --> <div class="comment-content"> <p>Good Besnis</p> <div class='jetpack-comment-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-comment-wrapper-18458032-251750-6743860dd9144' data-src='https://widgets.wp.com/likes/#blog_id=18458032&amp;comment_id=251750&amp;origin=dictionaryblog.cambridge.org&amp;obj_id=18458032-251750-6743860dd9144' data-name='like-comment-frame-18458032-251750-6743860dd9144'> <div class='likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes-widget-placeholder comment-likes'><span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div> <div class='comment-likes-widget jetpack-likes-widget comment-likes'><span class='comment-like-feedback'></span><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div> </div> </div><!-- .comment-content --> <div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#comment-251750"> <time datetime="2024-06-20T11:47:36+01:00"> June 20, 2024 at 11:47 am </time> </a> <span class="reply"><a rel="nofollow" class="comment-reply-link" href="#comment-251750" data-commentid="251750" data-postid="2382" data-belowelement="div-comment-251750" data-respondelement="respond" data-replyto="Reply to Musa" aria-label="Reply to Musa">Reply</a></span> </div><!-- .comment-metadata --> </article><!-- .comment-body --> </li><!-- #comment-## --> </ol><!-- .comment-list --> <div id="respond" class="comment-respond"> <h3 id="reply-title" class="comment-reply-title">Leave a Reply<small><a rel="nofollow" id="cancel-comment-reply-link" href="/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/#respond" style="display:none;">Cancel reply</a></small></h3> <form id="commentform" class="comment-form"> <iframe title="Comment Form" src="https://jetpack.wordpress.com/jetpack-comment/?blogid=18458032&#038;postid=2382&#038;comment_registration=0&#038;require_name_email=1&#038;stc_enabled=1&#038;stb_enabled=1&#038;show_avatars=1&#038;avatar_default=identicon&#038;greeting=Leave+a+Reply&#038;jetpack_comments_nonce=912163d1e3&#038;greeting_reply=Leave+a+Reply+to+%25s&#038;color_scheme=light&#038;lang=en_US&#038;jetpack_version=14.1-a.3&#038;iframe_unique_id=1&#038;show_cookie_consent=10&#038;has_cookie_consent=0&#038;is_current_user_subscribed=0&#038;token_key=%3Bnormal%3B&#038;sig=56cf687354f92fcaf5241afb8949f4db4fb39f50#parent=https%3A%2F%2Fdictionaryblog.cambridge.org%2F2013%2F07%2F01%2Fjanus-words-two-faced-english%2F" name="jetpack_remote_comment" style="width:100%; height: 430px; border:0;" class="jetpack_remote_comment" id="jetpack_remote_comment" sandbox="allow-same-origin allow-top-navigation allow-scripts allow-forms allow-popups" > </iframe> <!--[if !IE]><!--> <script> document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () { var commentForms = document.getElementsByClassName('jetpack_remote_comment'); for (var i = 0; i < commentForms.length; i++) { commentForms[i].allowTransparency = false; commentForms[i].scrolling = 'no'; } }); </script> <!--<![endif]--> </form> </div> <input type="hidden" name="comment_parent" id="comment_parent" value="" /> </div> </div><!-- #comments --> </main><!-- #main --> </div><!-- #primary --> <div id="secondary" class="widget-area" role="complementary"> <aside id="media_image-3" class="widget widget_media_image"><style>.widget.widget_media_image { overflow: hidden; }.widget.widget_media_image img { height: auto; max-width: 100%; }</style><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org"><img width="1600" height="724" src="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/About-Words-blog-sidebar-800x362-1.jpg?fit=1600%2C724&amp;ssl=1" class="image wp-image-19286 alignleft attachment-full size-full" alt="" style="max-width: 100%; height: auto;" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/About-Words-blog-sidebar-800x362-1.jpg?w=1600&amp;ssl=1 1600w, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/About-Words-blog-sidebar-800x362-1.jpg?resize=300%2C136&amp;ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/About-Words-blog-sidebar-800x362-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C463&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/About-Words-blog-sidebar-800x362-1.jpg?resize=768%2C348&amp;ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/About-Words-blog-sidebar-800x362-1.jpg?resize=1536%2C695&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/About-Words-blog-sidebar-800x362-1.jpg?resize=1200%2C543&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/About-Words-blog-sidebar-800x362-1.jpg?resize=900%2C407&amp;ssl=1 900w, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/About-Words-blog-sidebar-800x362-1.jpg?resize=1280%2C579&amp;ssl=1 1280w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px" data-attachment-id="19286" data-permalink="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/about-words-blog-sidebar-800x362/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/About-Words-blog-sidebar-800x362-1.jpg?fit=1600%2C724&amp;ssl=1" data-orig-size="1600,724" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="About Words blog sidebar 800&#215;362" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/About-Words-blog-sidebar-800x362-1.jpg?fit=300%2C136&amp;ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/About-Words-blog-sidebar-800x362-1.jpg?fit=640%2C289&amp;ssl=1" /></a></aside><aside id="search-2" class="widget widget_search"><form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/"> <label> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" title="Search for:" /> </label> <button type="submit" class="search-submit"> <span class="genericon genericon-search"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search</span> </span> </button> </form></aside><aside id="top-posts-3" class="widget widget_top-posts"><h1 class="widget-title">Top posts</h1><div class='widgets-grid-layout no-grav'> <div class="widget-grid-view-image"><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2024/11/20/cambridge-dictionary-word-of-the-year-2024/" title="Cambridge Dictionary&#039;s Word of the Year 2024" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp"><img loading="lazy" width="200" height="200" src="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/About-Words-blog-image-4050-x-2700-px.jpg?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/About-Words-blog-image-4050-x-2700-px.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 1x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/About-Words-blog-image-4050-x-2700-px.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 1.5x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/About-Words-blog-image-4050-x-2700-px.jpg?resize=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1 2x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/About-Words-blog-image-4050-x-2700-px.jpg?resize=600%2C600&amp;ssl=1 3x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/About-Words-blog-image-4050-x-2700-px.jpg?resize=800%2C800&amp;ssl=1 4x" alt="Cambridge Dictionary&#039;s Word of the Year 2024" data-pin-nopin="true"/></a></div><div class="widget-grid-view-image"><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2024/11/18/new-words-18-november-2024/" title="New words – 18 November 2024" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp"><img loading="lazy" width="200" height="200" src="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/dadcast.jpg?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/dadcast.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 1x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/dadcast.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 1.5x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/dadcast.jpg?resize=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1 2x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/dadcast.jpg?resize=600%2C600&amp;ssl=1 3x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/dadcast.jpg?resize=800%2C800&amp;ssl=1 4x" alt="New words – 18 November 2024" data-pin-nopin="true"/></a></div><div class="widget-grid-view-image"><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2024/11/13/a-safe-pair-of-hands-newspaper-idioms/" title="A safe pair of hands (Newspaper idioms)" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp"><img loading="lazy" width="200" height="200" src="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Safe-pair-of-hands_2163791452-e1728309439260.jpg?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Safe-pair-of-hands_2163791452-e1728309439260.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 1x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Safe-pair-of-hands_2163791452-e1728309439260.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 1.5x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Safe-pair-of-hands_2163791452-e1728309439260.jpg?resize=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1 2x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Safe-pair-of-hands_2163791452-e1728309439260.jpg?resize=600%2C600&amp;ssl=1 3x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Safe-pair-of-hands_2163791452-e1728309439260.jpg?resize=800%2C800&amp;ssl=1 4x" alt="A safe pair of hands (Newspaper idioms)" data-pin-nopin="true"/></a></div><div class="widget-grid-view-image"><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2018/11/29/the-peoples-word-of-2018/" title="The People&#039;s Word of 2018" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp"><img loading="lazy" width="200" height="200" src="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/cambridge-word-of-the-year-image-file-v2.png?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/cambridge-word-of-the-year-image-file-v2.png?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 1x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/cambridge-word-of-the-year-image-file-v2.png?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 1.5x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/cambridge-word-of-the-year-image-file-v2.png?resize=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1 2x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/cambridge-word-of-the-year-image-file-v2.png?resize=600%2C600&amp;ssl=1 3x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/cambridge-word-of-the-year-image-file-v2.png?resize=800%2C800&amp;ssl=1 4x" alt="The People&#039;s Word of 2018" data-pin-nopin="true"/></a></div><div class="widget-grid-view-image"><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2024/11/06/nobody-blames-you-phrases-for-offering-reassurance/" title="Nobody blames you: phrases for offering reassurance" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp"><img loading="lazy" width="200" height="200" src="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Nobody-blames-you_1497595879-e1727211216513.jpg?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Nobody-blames-you_1497595879-e1727211216513.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 1x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Nobody-blames-you_1497595879-e1727211216513.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 1.5x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Nobody-blames-you_1497595879-e1727211216513.jpg?resize=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1 2x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Nobody-blames-you_1497595879-e1727211216513.jpg?resize=600%2C600&amp;ssl=1 3x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Nobody-blames-you_1497595879-e1727211216513.jpg?resize=800%2C800&amp;ssl=1 4x" alt="Nobody blames you: phrases for offering reassurance" data-pin-nopin="true"/></a></div><div class="widget-grid-view-image"><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2015/12/09/the-peoples-words-of-2015/" title="The People&#039;s Words of 2015" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp"><img loading="lazy" width="200" height="200" src="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/screen-shot-2015-12-09-at-12-32-01.png?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/screen-shot-2015-12-09-at-12-32-01.png?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 1x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/screen-shot-2015-12-09-at-12-32-01.png?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 1.5x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/screen-shot-2015-12-09-at-12-32-01.png?resize=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1 2x" alt="The People&#039;s Words of 2015" data-pin-nopin="true"/></a></div><div class="widget-grid-view-image"><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2019/11/04/cambridge-dictionarys-word-of-the-year-2019/" title="Cambridge Dictionary&#039;s Word of the Year 2019" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp"><img loading="lazy" width="200" height="200" src="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/upcycling_woty.jpg?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/upcycling_woty.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 1x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/upcycling_woty.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 1.5x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/upcycling_woty.jpg?resize=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1 2x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/upcycling_woty.jpg?resize=600%2C600&amp;ssl=1 3x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/upcycling_woty.jpg?resize=800%2C800&amp;ssl=1 4x" alt="Cambridge Dictionary&#039;s Word of the Year 2019" data-pin-nopin="true"/></a></div><div class="widget-grid-view-image"><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2020/07/08/are-idioms-that-use-black-and-white-offensive/" title="Are idioms that use ‘black’ and ‘white’ offensive?" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp"><img loading="lazy" width="200" height="200" src="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/black-and-white-1.png?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/black-and-white-1.png?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 1x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/black-and-white-1.png?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 1.5x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/black-and-white-1.png?resize=400%2C400&amp;ssl=1 2x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/black-and-white-1.png?resize=600%2C600&amp;ssl=1 3x, https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/black-and-white-1.png?resize=800%2C800&amp;ssl=1 4x" alt="Are idioms that use ‘black’ and ‘white’ offensive?" data-pin-nopin="true"/></a></div></div> </aside><aside id="authors-2" class="widget widget_authors"><h1 class="widget-title">Authors</h1><ul><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/author/aezrac/"> <img alt='1' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/26f314c4585b5bdb9d749f149ee7f10b?s=48&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/26f314c4585b5bdb9d749f149ee7f10b?s=96&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-48 photo' height='48' width='48' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <strong>Ron Carter</strong></a><ul><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2011/12/14/a-few-words-on-corpus-linguistics-part-2/" title="A few words on corpus linguistics part 2">A few words on corpus linguistics part 2</a></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2011/12/12/a-few-words-on-corpus-linguistics/" title="A few words on corpus linguistics">A few words on corpus linguistics</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/author/cambridgewords/"> <img alt='1' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/aef1e4cb2fd31e8f50444ca18ada3b49?s=48&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/aef1e4cb2fd31e8f50444ca18ada3b49?s=96&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-48 photo' height='48' width='48' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <strong>Cambridge Words</strong></a><ul><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2024/11/20/cambridge-dictionary-word-of-the-year-2024/" title="Cambridge Dictionary&#8217;s Word of the Year 2024">Cambridge Dictionary&#8217;s Word of the Year 2024</a></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2024/11/18/new-words-18-november-2024/" title="New words – 18 November 2024" aria-current="page">New words – 18 November 2024</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/author/colinjmcintosh/"> <img alt='1' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/50053df1e6dad3114823d445b2ffaa08?s=48&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/50053df1e6dad3114823d445b2ffaa08?s=96&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-48 photo' height='48' width='48' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <strong>colinjmcintosh</strong></a><ul><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2016/08/02/a-life-beyond-fiction/" title="A life beyond fiction">A life beyond fiction</a></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2016/07/26/whats-in-a-name/" title="What’s in a name?">What’s in a name?</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/author/domcambridge/"> <img alt='1' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/0f327ac6616afccb2cad6596b5597928?s=48&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/0f327ac6616afccb2cad6596b5597928?s=96&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-48 photo' height='48' width='48' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <strong>Dom Glennon</strong></a><ul><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2014/11/26/countability-grammar-codes/" title="Countability &#8211; grammar codes">Countability &#8211; grammar codes</a></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2014/06/04/hairdryers-and-squeaky-bums-the-colourful-world-of-football-words/" title="Hairdryers and squeaky bums: the colourful world of football words">Hairdryers and squeaky bums: the colourful world of football words</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/author/drheikek/"> <img alt='1' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ca0ebdcb2fdc28a6eeaf6b28ca63a6cb?s=48&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ca0ebdcb2fdc28a6eeaf6b28ca63a6cb?s=96&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-48 photo' height='48' width='48' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <strong>Dr Heike Krüsemann</strong></a><ul><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2020/08/21/how-to-stay-motivated-during-the-pandemic-what-you-told-us-and-why-it-matters/" title="How to stay motivated during the pandemic: What you told us, and why it matters">How to stay motivated during the pandemic: What you told us, and why it matters</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/author/hughrawson/"> <img alt='1' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b0b0435c3c567be5d0f6979e5d464be5?s=48&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b0b0435c3c567be5d0f6979e5d464be5?s=96&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-48 photo' height='48' width='48' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <strong>hughrawson</strong></a><ul><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/" title="Janus Words &#8211; Two-faced English">Janus Words &#8211; Two-faced English</a></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/06/24/yet-more-yiddish/" title="Yet More Yiddish">Yet More Yiddish</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/author/katewoodford/"> <img alt='1' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/bac5c241ed0266a1b470307bc436f58f?s=48&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/bac5c241ed0266a1b470307bc436f58f?s=96&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-48 photo' height='48' width='48' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <strong>Kate Woodford</strong></a><ul><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2024/11/13/a-safe-pair-of-hands-newspaper-idioms/" title="A safe pair of hands (Newspaper idioms)">A safe pair of hands (Newspaper idioms)</a></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2024/10/30/making-the-most-of-it-how-we-talk-about-using-opportunities/" title="Making the most of it (How we talk about using opportunities)">Making the most of it (How we talk about using opportunities)</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/author/lizwalter2/"> <img alt='1' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4a29a1e94375522c0920818e6d4c4249?s=48&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4a29a1e94375522c0920818e6d4c4249?s=96&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-48 photo' height='48' width='48' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <strong>Liz Walter</strong></a><ul><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2024/11/06/nobody-blames-you-phrases-for-offering-reassurance/" title="Nobody blames you: phrases for offering reassurance">Nobody blames you: phrases for offering reassurance</a></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2024/10/16/wise-brainy-or-astute-words-for-describing-intelligent-people/" title="Wise, brainy, or astute: words for describing intelligent people">Wise, brainy, or astute: words for describing intelligent people</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/author/patriciaferraz/"> <img alt='1' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/6cc62e6d9d2486f6f3e1d23e8ed1954c?s=48&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/6cc62e6d9d2486f6f3e1d23e8ed1954c?s=96&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-48 photo' height='48' width='48' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <strong>Patricia Ferraz</strong></a><ul><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2024/07/24/idioms-in-the-guernsey-literary-and-potato-peel-pie-society/" title="Putting a spanner in the works – Idioms in The Guernsey Literary and Potato Peel Pie Society">Putting a spanner in the works – Idioms in The Guernsey Literary and Potato Peel Pie Society</a></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2024/07/17/idioms-in-the-thursday-murder-club/" title="In for a penny, in for a pound: Idioms in The Thursday Murder Club">In for a penny, in for a pound: Idioms in The Thursday Murder Club</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/author/pheacock/"> <img alt='1' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4e3a803c8f45bbf76eeaa384a0210bd5?s=48&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4e3a803c8f45bbf76eeaa384a0210bd5?s=96&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-48 photo' height='48' width='48' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <strong>Paul Heacock</strong></a><ul><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/06/12/asadfarewell/" title="A sad farewell">A sad farewell</a></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2012/12/18/the-words-of-2012/" title="The words of 2012">The words of 2012</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/author/racheledf/"> <img alt='1' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/13391686972a7e5cb25e9c3e7c977088?s=48&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/13391686972a7e5cb25e9c3e7c977088?s=96&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-48 photo' height='48' width='48' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <strong>racheledf</strong></a><ul><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2012/01/13/what-can-we-learn-from-emails/" title="What can we learn from emails?">What can we learn from emails?</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/author/trevorbryden/"> <img alt='1' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c1bae3f8b5386d3c4e41bef30ba924e8?s=48&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c1bae3f8b5386d3c4e41bef30ba924e8?s=96&#038;d=identicon&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-48 photo' height='48' width='48' loading='lazy' decoding='async'/> <strong>Trevor Bryden</strong></a><ul><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2012/04/17/mind-your-ps-and-qs/" title="Mind your p&#8217;s and q&#8217;s">Mind your p&#8217;s and q&#8217;s</a></li><li><a href="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2012/02/27/what-makes-a-litter/" title="What makes a litter?">What makes a litter?</a></li></ul></li></ul></aside><aside id="twitter_timeline-3" class="widget widget_twitter_timeline"><h1 class="widget-title">Latest tweets</h1><a class="twitter-timeline" data-width="220" data-height="400" data-theme="light" data-border-color="#e8e8e8" data-lang="EN" data-partner="jetpack" data-chrome="noheader nofooter noborders transparent" href="https://twitter.com/@CambridgeWords" href="https://twitter.com/@CambridgeWords">My Tweets</a></aside><aside id="wpcom_social_media_icons_widget-2" class="widget widget_wpcom_social_media_icons_widget"><h1 class="widget-title">Follow us</h1><ul><li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/CUPCambridgeDictionary/" class="genericon genericon-facebook" target="_blank"><span class="screen-reader-text">View CUPCambridgeDictionary&#8217;s profile on Facebook</span></a></li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/cambridgewords/" class="genericon genericon-twitter" target="_blank"><span class="screen-reader-text">View cambridgewords&#8217;s profile on Twitter</span></a></li><li><a href="https://www.instagram.com/cambridgewords/" class="genericon genericon-instagram" target="_blank"><span class="screen-reader-text">View cambridgewords&#8217;s profile on Instagram</span></a></li></ul></aside></div><!-- #secondary --> </div><!-- #content --> <div class="footer-widgets clear"> <div class="widget-areas"> <div class="widget-area"> <aside id="blog_subscription-5" class="widget widget_blog_subscription jetpack_subscription_widget"><h1 class="widget-title">Subscribe via email</h1> <div class="wp-block-jetpack-subscriptions__container"> <form action="#" method="post" accept-charset="utf-8" id="subscribe-blog-blog_subscription-5" data-blog="18458032" data-post_access_level="everybody" > <div id="subscribe-text"><p>Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email.</p> </div> <p id="subscribe-email"> <label id="jetpack-subscribe-label" class="screen-reader-text" for="subscribe-field-blog_subscription-5"> Email Address </label> <input type="email" name="email" required="required" value="" id="subscribe-field-blog_subscription-5" placeholder="Email Address" /> </p> <p id="subscribe-submit" > <input type="hidden" name="action" value="subscribe"/> <input type="hidden" name="source" value="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/"/> <input type="hidden" name="sub-type" value="widget"/> <input type="hidden" name="redirect_fragment" value="subscribe-blog-blog_subscription-5"/> <input type="hidden" id="_wpnonce" name="_wpnonce" value="d608024025" /><input type="hidden" name="_wp_http_referer" value="/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/" /> <button type="submit" class="wp-block-button__link" name="jetpack_subscriptions_widget" > Subscribe </button> </p> </form> <div class="wp-block-jetpack-subscriptions__subscount"> Join 15K other subscribers </div> </div> </aside> </div><!-- .widget-area --> <div class="widget-area"> <aside id="media_image-5" class="widget widget_media_image"><style>.widget.widget_media_image { overflow: hidden; }.widget.widget_media_image img { height: auto; max-width: 100%; }</style><figure style="width: 208px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img width="208" height="42" src="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/cup-footer-logo.png?fit=208%2C42&amp;ssl=1" class="image wp-image-7600 alignnone attachment-full size-full" alt="" style="max-width: 100%; height: auto;" decoding="async" loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="7600" data-permalink="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/cup-footer-logo/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/cup-footer-logo.png?fit=208%2C42&amp;ssl=1" data-orig-size="208,42" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="cup-footer-logo" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/cup-footer-logo.png?fit=208%2C42&amp;ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/cup-footer-logo.png?fit=208%2C42&amp;ssl=1" /><figcaption class="wp-caption-text">All material © Cambridge University Press, except where otherwise noted</figcaption></figure></aside> </div><!-- .widget-area --> </div><!-- .widget-areas --> </div><!-- .footer-widgets --> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="site-info"> <a href="https://wordpress.com/?ref=footer_custom_powered">Powered by WordPress.com</a>. Theme: lovecraft by <a href="http://andersnoren.se" rel="designer">Anders Noren</a>. </div><!-- .site-info --> </footer><!-- #colophon --> </div><!-- #page --> <!-- --> <script defer id="bilmur" data-customproperties="{&quot;woo_active&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-provider="wordpress.com" data-service="atomic" src="https://s0.wp.com/wp-content/js/bilmur.min.js?m=202447"></script> <div class="jetpack-subscription-modal"> <div class="jetpack-subscription-modal__modal-content"> <div class="wp-block-group has-border-color jetpack-subscription-modal__modal-content-form" style="border-color:#dddddd;border-width:1px;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding:32px"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading has-text-align-center" style="margin-top:4px;margin-bottom:10px;font-size:26px;font-style:normal;font-weight:600">Discover more from About Words - Cambridge Dictionary blog</h2> <p class='has-text-align-center' style='margin-top:4px;margin-bottom:0px;font-size:15px'>Subscribe now to keep reading and get access to the full archive.</p> <div class="wp-block-jetpack-subscriptions__supports-newline is-style-compact wp-block-jetpack-subscriptions"> <div class="wp-block-jetpack-subscriptions__container is-not-subscriber"> <form action="https://wordpress.com/email-subscriptions" method="post" accept-charset="utf-8" data-blog="18458032" data-post_access_level="everybody" data-subscriber_email="" id="subscribe-blog-2" > <div class="wp-block-jetpack-subscriptions__form-elements"> <p id="subscribe-email"> <label id="subscribe-field-2-label" for="subscribe-field-2" class="screen-reader-text" > Type your email… </label> <input required="required" type="email" name="email" style="font-size: 16px;padding: 15px 23px 15px 23px;border-radius: 50px;border-width: 1px;" placeholder="Type your email…" value="" id="subscribe-field-2" title="Please fill in this field." /> </p> <p id="subscribe-submit" > <input type="hidden" name="action" value="subscribe"/> <input type="hidden" name="blog_id" value="18458032"/> <input type="hidden" name="source" value="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/"/> <input type="hidden" name="sub-type" value="subscribe-block"/> <input type="hidden" name="app_source" value="atomic-subscription-modal-lo"/> <input type="hidden" name="redirect_fragment" value="subscribe-blog-2"/> <input type="hidden" name="lang" value="en_US"/> <input type="hidden" id="_wpnonce" name="_wpnonce" value="d608024025" /><input type="hidden" name="_wp_http_referer" value="/2013/07/01/janus-words-two-faced-english/" /><input type="hidden" name="post_id" value="2382"/> <button type="submit" class="wp-block-button__link" style="font-size: 16px;padding: 15px 23px 15px 23px;margin: 0; margin-left: 10px;border-radius: 50px;border-width: 1px;" name="jetpack_subscriptions_widget" > Subscribe </button> </p> </div> </form> </div> </div> <p class="has-text-align-center jetpack-subscription-modal__close" style="margin-top:20px;font-size:14px"><a href="#">Continue reading</a></p> </div></div> </div> </div> <div style="display:none"> <div class="grofile-hash-map-cb2cd339339f5d4c99d3cdca5af56cc5"> </div> <div class="grofile-hash-map-afb83b8cd32062b732ee3ef84a8acbac"> </div> <div class="grofile-hash-map-260faec2b55d20e8d26606fc5c0fe9d4"> </div> <div class="grofile-hash-map-acb0d5cb97fe291c56552033aad079df"> </div> <div class="grofile-hash-map-18b2469379d4138a9b9065e03bf0c6ab"> </div> <div class="grofile-hash-map-2537bd9d0380ff331ed660c7dfb497c7"> </div> <div class="grofile-hash-map-2757cac9a40fd1605d7402c5152866cf"> </div> <div class="grofile-hash-map-5851db546d9e193207c23c28506590ec"> </div> <div class="grofile-hash-map-3f9737057512a277b28d1d3fc18c6e9b"> </div> </div> <div id="jp-carousel-loading-overlay"> <div id="jp-carousel-loading-wrapper"> <span id="jp-carousel-library-loading">&nbsp;</span> </div> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-overlay" style="display: none;"> <div class="jp-carousel-container"> <!-- The Carousel Swiper --> <div class="jp-carousel-wrap swiper-container jp-carousel-swiper-container jp-carousel-transitions" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageGallery"> <div class="jp-carousel swiper-wrapper"></div> <div class="jp-swiper-button-prev swiper-button-prev"> <svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <mask id="maskPrev" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="8" y="6" width="9" height="12"> <path d="M16.2072 16.59L11.6496 12L16.2072 7.41L14.8041 6L8.8335 12L14.8041 18L16.2072 16.59Z" fill="white"/> </mask> <g mask="url(#maskPrev)"> <rect x="0.579102" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/> </g> </svg> </div> <div class="jp-swiper-button-next swiper-button-next"> <svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <mask id="maskNext" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="8" y="6" width="8" height="12"> <path d="M8.59814 16.59L13.1557 12L8.59814 7.41L10.0012 6L15.9718 12L10.0012 18L8.59814 16.59Z" fill="white"/> </mask> <g mask="url(#maskNext)"> <rect x="0.34375" width="23.8822" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/> </g> </svg> </div> </div> <!-- The main close buton --> <div class="jp-carousel-close-hint"> <svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <mask id="maskClose" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="5" y="5" width="15" height="14"> <path d="M19.3166 6.41L17.9135 5L12.3509 10.59L6.78834 5L5.38525 6.41L10.9478 12L5.38525 17.59L6.78834 19L12.3509 13.41L17.9135 19L19.3166 17.59L13.754 12L19.3166 6.41Z" fill="white"/> </mask> <g mask="url(#maskClose)"> <rect x="0.409668" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/> </g> </svg> </div> <!-- Image info, comments and meta --> <div class="jp-carousel-info"> <div class="jp-carousel-info-footer"> <div class="jp-carousel-pagination-container"> <div class="jp-swiper-pagination swiper-pagination"></div> <div class="jp-carousel-pagination"></div> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-photo-title-container"> <h2 class="jp-carousel-photo-caption"></h2> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-photo-icons-container"> <a href="#" class="jp-carousel-icon-btn jp-carousel-icon-info" aria-label="Toggle photo metadata visibility"> <span class="jp-carousel-icon"> <svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <mask id="maskInfo" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="2" y="2" width="21" height="20"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M12.7537 2C7.26076 2 2.80273 6.48 2.80273 12C2.80273 17.52 7.26076 22 12.7537 22C18.2466 22 22.7046 17.52 22.7046 12C22.7046 6.48 18.2466 2 12.7537 2ZM11.7586 7V9H13.7488V7H11.7586ZM11.7586 11V17H13.7488V11H11.7586ZM4.79292 12C4.79292 16.41 8.36531 20 12.7537 20C17.142 20 20.7144 16.41 20.7144 12C20.7144 7.59 17.142 4 12.7537 4C8.36531 4 4.79292 7.59 4.79292 12Z" fill="white"/> </mask> <g mask="url(#maskInfo)"> <rect x="0.8125" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/> </g> </svg> </span> </a> <a href="#" class="jp-carousel-icon-btn jp-carousel-icon-comments" aria-label="Toggle photo comments visibility"> <span class="jp-carousel-icon"> <svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <mask id="maskComments" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="2" y="2" width="21" height="20"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M4.3271 2H20.2486C21.3432 2 22.2388 2.9 22.2388 4V16C22.2388 17.1 21.3432 18 20.2486 18H6.31729L2.33691 22V4C2.33691 2.9 3.2325 2 4.3271 2ZM6.31729 16H20.2486V4H4.3271V18L6.31729 16Z" fill="white"/> </mask> <g mask="url(#maskComments)"> <rect x="0.34668" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/> </g> </svg> <span class="jp-carousel-has-comments-indicator" aria-label="This image has comments."></span> </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-info-extra"> <div class="jp-carousel-info-content-wrapper"> <div class="jp-carousel-photo-title-container"> <h2 class="jp-carousel-photo-title"></h2> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-comments-wrapper"> <div id="jp-carousel-comments-loading"> <span>Loading Comments...</span> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-comments"></div> <div id="jp-carousel-comment-form-container"> <span id="jp-carousel-comment-form-spinner">&nbsp;</span> <div id="jp-carousel-comment-post-results"></div> <form id="jp-carousel-comment-form"> <label for="jp-carousel-comment-form-comment-field" class="screen-reader-text">Write a Comment...</label> <textarea name="comment" class="jp-carousel-comment-form-field jp-carousel-comment-form-textarea" id="jp-carousel-comment-form-comment-field" placeholder="Write a Comment..." ></textarea> <div id="jp-carousel-comment-form-submit-and-info-wrapper"> <div id="jp-carousel-comment-form-commenting-as"> <fieldset> <label for="jp-carousel-comment-form-email-field">Email (Required)</label> <input type="text" name="email" class="jp-carousel-comment-form-field jp-carousel-comment-form-text-field" id="jp-carousel-comment-form-email-field" /> </fieldset> <fieldset> <label for="jp-carousel-comment-form-author-field">Name (Required)</label> <input type="text" name="author" class="jp-carousel-comment-form-field jp-carousel-comment-form-text-field" id="jp-carousel-comment-form-author-field" /> </fieldset> <fieldset> <label for="jp-carousel-comment-form-url-field">Website</label> <input type="text" name="url" class="jp-carousel-comment-form-field jp-carousel-comment-form-text-field" id="jp-carousel-comment-form-url-field" /> </fieldset> </div> <input type="submit" name="submit" class="jp-carousel-comment-form-button" id="jp-carousel-comment-form-button-submit" value="Post Comment" /> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-image-meta"> <div class="jp-carousel-title-and-caption"> <div class="jp-carousel-photo-info"> <h3 class="jp-carousel-caption" itemprop="caption description"></h3> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-photo-description"></div> </div> <ul class="jp-carousel-image-exif" style="display: none;"></ul> <a class="jp-carousel-image-download" href="#" target="_blank" style="display: none;"> <svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <mask id="mask0" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="3" y="3" width="19" height="18"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M5.84615 5V19H19.7775V12H21.7677V19C21.7677 20.1 20.8721 21 19.7775 21H5.84615C4.74159 21 3.85596 20.1 3.85596 19V5C3.85596 3.9 4.74159 3 5.84615 3H12.8118V5H5.84615ZM14.802 5V3H21.7677V10H19.7775V6.41L9.99569 16.24L8.59261 14.83L18.3744 5H14.802Z" fill="white"/> </mask> <g mask="url(#mask0)"> <rect x="0.870605" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/> </g> </svg> <span class="jp-carousel-download-text"></span> </a> <div class="jp-carousel-image-map" style="display: none;"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> window.WPCOM_sharing_counts = {"https:\/\/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org\/2013\/07\/01\/janus-words-two-faced-english\/":2382}; </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='all-css-5d5bc6948b0ad7ac270d46ebdfc2a4d6' href='https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/_static/??-eJydzFEOgjAMgOELOSvGgC/Go5jRNVgZ60I7Fm/vuAHx7X/5/podSjJKBjmWiZPChyx7nGGRUCIpVA4TmYJJdlm0ldo30hlVT/U498Xesv6JVZB9dAsF9o6bOvh5cUIYo+DcQBkVV87GO9+Y6q6fy6MbrkPXX+797QevHWcF' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" id="coblocks-tinyswiper-initializer-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var coblocksTinyswiper = {"carouselPrevButtonAriaLabel":"Previous","carouselNextButtonAriaLabel":"Next","sliderImageAriaLabel":"Image"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="subscription-modal-js-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var subscriptionData = {"homeUrl":"dictionaryblog.cambridge.org"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/_static/??-eJyNkNtSwzAMRH8I19OBUnhg+BZflKBElj2WnTR8fd3LlAcCkzfbu2e18pyUi1yAi05Ue2TRLlqKbhTtUYoefh6UYQymYOTdIE/zBnIC9jGLLsiLkhkT5K3oY+iFvaEKGQsawu9fMeULAoimOIHLprsmsJmwX6u7Zu4pWkMbjDJiUoQ8qi66KqrD051CdlR981/bh9ASVIZEyy7gXz/W13a1kHttK5LXPobGGL9oZA+nf8gBSjJu1CH6SvCY2ApWKy5juiyummpItcNdXlFb/mf42B+f9++Hl7fj6xkYCMpe'></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://secure.gravatar.com/js/gprofiles.js?ver=202447" id="grofiles-cards-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wpgroho-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var WPGroHo = {"my_hash":""}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/_static/??-eJyNzcEOgjAMgOEXEjpU8GR4FINbA4Wum1ubvb4evJp4/7/8LXc+iaIoZLaVpMKOmhd/QEzBGCu0vJa0pX6vp/a7fpB4eBpxAG2kiqVTisgk2EeS/zXT8Zm+DA23RQJj+fo53ofbxZ3dNF7dG7hkROA='></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://stats.wp.com/e-202447.js" id="jetpack-stats-js" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="jetpack-stats-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ _stq = window._stq || []; _stq.push([ "view", JSON.parse("{\"v\":\"ext\",\"blog\":\"18458032\",\"post\":\"2382\",\"tz\":\"0\",\"srv\":\"dictionaryblog.cambridge.org\",\"hp\":\"atomic\",\"ac\":\"2\",\"amp\":\"0\",\"j\":\"1:14.1-a.3\"}") ]); _stq.push([ "clickTrackerInit", "18458032", "2382" ]); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="jetpack-carousel-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var jetpackSwiperLibraryPath = {"url":"https:\/\/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/jetpack\/_inc\/build\/carousel\/swiper-bundle.min.js"}; var jetpackCarouselStrings = {"widths":[370,700,1000,1200,1400,2000],"is_logged_in":"","lang":"en","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"f76626b482","display_exif":"1","display_comments":"1","single_image_gallery":"1","single_image_gallery_media_file":"","background_color":"black","comment":"Comment","post_comment":"Post Comment","write_comment":"Write a Comment...","loading_comments":"Loading Comments...","image_label":"Open image in full-screen.","download_original":"View full size <span class=\"photo-size\">{0}<span class=\"photo-size-times\">\u00d7<\/span>{1}<\/span>","no_comment_text":"Please be sure to submit some text with your comment.","no_comment_email":"Please provide an email address to comment.","no_comment_author":"Please provide your name to comment.","comment_post_error":"Sorry, but there was an error posting your comment. Please try again later.","comment_approved":"Your comment was approved.","comment_unapproved":"Your comment is in moderation.","camera":"Camera","aperture":"Aperture","shutter_speed":"Shutter Speed","focal_length":"Focal Length","copyright":"Copyright","comment_registration":"0","require_name_email":"1","login_url":"https:\/\/dictionaryblog.cambridge.org\/wp-login.php?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fdictionaryblog.cambridge.org%2F2013%2F07%2F01%2Fjanus-words-two-faced-english%2F","blog_id":"1","meta_data":["camera","aperture","shutter_speed","focal_length","copyright"]}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/_static/??wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/build/carousel/jetpack-carousel.min.js,wp-content/plugins/akismet/_inc/akismet-frontend.js?m=1730206540'></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="jetpack-blocks-assets-base-url-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var Jetpack_Block_Assets_Base_Url="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/blocks/"; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/_static/??wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill.min.js,wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/blocks/subscriptions/view.js?m=1726797335'></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="sharing-js-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var sharing_js_options = {"lang":"en","counts":"1","is_stats_active":"1"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/build/sharedaddy/sharing.min.js?ver=14.1-a.3" id="sharing-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="sharing-js-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var windowOpen; ( function () { function matches( el, sel ) { return !! ( el.matches && el.matches( sel ) || el.msMatchesSelector && el.msMatchesSelector( sel ) ); } document.body.addEventListener( 'click', function ( event ) { if ( ! event.target ) { return; } var el; if ( matches( event.target, 'a.share-facebook' ) ) { el = event.target; } else if ( event.target.parentNode && matches( event.target.parentNode, 'a.share-facebook' ) ) { el = event.target.parentNode; } if ( el ) { event.preventDefault(); // If there's another sharing window open, close it. if ( typeof windowOpen !== 'undefined' ) { windowOpen.close(); } windowOpen = window.open( el.getAttribute( 'href' ), 'wpcomfacebook', 'menubar=1,resizable=1,width=600,height=400' ); return false; } } ); } )(); var windowOpen; ( function () { function matches( el, sel ) { return !! ( el.matches && el.matches( sel ) || el.msMatchesSelector && el.msMatchesSelector( sel ) ); } document.body.addEventListener( 'click', function ( event ) { if ( ! event.target ) { return; } var el; if ( matches( event.target, 'a.share-twitter' ) ) { el = event.target; } else if ( event.target.parentNode && matches( event.target.parentNode, 'a.share-twitter' ) ) { el = event.target.parentNode; } if ( el ) { event.preventDefault(); // If there's another sharing window open, close it. if ( typeof windowOpen !== 'undefined' ) { windowOpen.close(); } windowOpen = window.open( el.getAttribute( 'href' ), 'wpcomtwitter', 'menubar=1,resizable=1,width=600,height=350' ); return false; } } ); } )(); var windowOpen; ( function () { function matches( el, sel ) { return !! ( el.matches && el.matches( sel ) || el.msMatchesSelector && el.msMatchesSelector( sel ) ); } document.body.addEventListener( 'click', function ( event ) { if ( ! event.target ) { return; } var el; if ( matches( event.target, 'a.share-linkedin' ) ) { el = event.target; } else if ( event.target.parentNode && matches( event.target.parentNode, 'a.share-linkedin' ) ) { el = event.target.parentNode; } if ( el ) { event.preventDefault(); // If there's another sharing window open, close it. if ( typeof windowOpen !== 'undefined' ) { windowOpen.close(); } windowOpen = window.open( el.getAttribute( 'href' ), 'wpcomlinkedin', 'menubar=1,resizable=1,width=580,height=450' ); return false; } } ); } )(); /* ]]> */ </script> <iframe src='https://widgets.wp.com/likes/master.html?ver=20241124#ver=20241124&#038;n=1' scrolling='no' id='likes-master' name='likes-master' style='display:none;'></iframe> <div id='likes-other-gravatars' class='wpl-new-layout' role="dialog" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><div class="likes-text"><span>%d</span></div><ul class="wpl-avatars sd-like-gravatars"></ul></div> <script type="text/javascript"> (function () { const iframe = document.getElementById( 'jetpack_remote_comment' ); const watchReply = function() { // Check addComment._Jetpack_moveForm to make sure we don't monkey-patch twice. if ( 'undefined' !== typeof addComment && ! addComment._Jetpack_moveForm ) { // Cache the Core function. addComment._Jetpack_moveForm = addComment.moveForm; const commentParent = document.getElementById( 'comment_parent' ); const cancel = document.getElementById( 'cancel-comment-reply-link' ); function tellFrameNewParent ( commentParentValue ) { const url = new URL( iframe.src ); if ( commentParentValue ) { url.searchParams.set( 'replytocom', commentParentValue ) } else { url.searchParams.delete( 'replytocom' ); } if( iframe.src !== url.href ) { iframe.src = url.href; } }; cancel.addEventListener( 'click', function () { tellFrameNewParent( false ); } ); addComment.moveForm = function ( _, parentId ) { tellFrameNewParent( parentId ); return addComment._Jetpack_moveForm.apply( null, arguments ); }; } } document.addEventListener( 'DOMContentLoaded', watchReply ); // In WP 6.4+, the script is loaded asynchronously, so we need to wait for it to load before we monkey-patch the functions it introduces. document.querySelector('#comment-reply-js')?.addEventListener( 'load', watchReply ); const commentIframes = document.getElementsByClassName('jetpack_remote_comment'); window.addEventListener('message', function(event) { if (event.origin !== 'https://jetpack.wordpress.com') { return; } if (!event?.data?.iframeUniqueId && !event?.data?.height) { return; } const eventDataUniqueId = event.data.iframeUniqueId; // Change height for the matching comment iframe for (let i = 0; i < commentIframes.length; i++) { const iframe = commentIframes[i]; const url = new URL(iframe.src); const iframeUniqueIdParam = url.searchParams.get('iframe_unique_id'); if (iframeUniqueIdParam == event.data.iframeUniqueId) { iframe.style.height = event.data.height + 'px'; return; } } }); })(); </script> </body> </html> <!-- generated in 0.241 seconds 135132 bytes batcached for 300 seconds -->

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10