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Je dostupný v 36 jazykoch" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 jazykov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%B2_(%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A)" title="هويجنز (مسبار فضائي) – arabčina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هويجنز (مسبار فضائي)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens_(svemirska_letjelica)" title="Huygens (svemirska letjelica) – bosniačtina" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Huygens (svemirska letjelica)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniačtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B2dul_de_descens_Huygens" title="Mòdul de descens Huygens – katalánčina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mòdul de descens Huygens" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens_(sonda)" title="Huygens (sonda) – čeština" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Huygens (sonda)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čeština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens_(rumsonde)" title="Huygens (rumsonde) – dánčina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Huygens (rumsonde)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens_(spacecraft)" title="Huygens (spacecraft) – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Huygens (spacecraft)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens_(sondilo)" title="Huygens (sondilo) – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Huygens (sondilo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonda_Huygens" title="Sonda Huygens – španielčina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sonda Huygens" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španielčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens" title="Huygens – estónčina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Huygens" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens_(espazio_zunda)" title="Huygens (espazio zunda) – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Huygens (espazio zunda)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%87%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%B3" title="فضاپیمای هویگنس – perzština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فضاپیمای هویگنس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens_(luotain)" title="Huygens (luotain) – fínčina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Huygens (luotain)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens_(sonde_spatiale)" title="Huygens (sonde spatiale) – francúzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Huygens (sonde spatiale)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francúzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%95%D7%99%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%A1_(%D7%92%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA)" title="הויגנס (גשושית) – hebrejčina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הויגנס (גשושית)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens" title="Huygens – chorvátčina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Huygens" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens_%C5%B1rszonda" title="Huygens űrszonda – maďarčina" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Huygens űrszonda" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wahana_Huygens" title="Wahana Huygens – indonézština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wahana Huygens" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonézština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missione_spaziale_Cassini-Huygens#Huygens" title="Missione spaziale Cassini-Huygens – taliančina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Missione spaziale Cassini-Huygens" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="taliančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9B%E3%82%A4%E3%83%98%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%96" title="ホイヘンス・プローブ – japončina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ホイヘンス・プローブ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%96%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98)" title="ჰიუგენსი (ზონდი) – gruzínčina" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰიუგენსი (ზონდი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%98%EC%9C%84%ED%97%8C%EC%8A%A4_(%EC%9A%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%84%A0)" title="하위헌스 (우주선) – kórejčina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="하위헌스 (우주선)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kórejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens" title="Huygens – litovčina" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Huygens" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litovčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens" title="Huygens – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Huygens" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC" title="हायगेन्स प्रोब – maráthčina" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हायगेन्स प्रोब" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maráthčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens_(ruimtesonde)" title="Huygens (ruimtesonde) – holandčina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Huygens (ruimtesonde)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romsonden_Huygens" title="Romsonden Huygens – nórčina (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Romsonden Huygens" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nórčina (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens_(romsonde)" title="Huygens (romsonde) – nórčina (bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Huygens (romsonde)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="nórčina (bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens_(sond%C4%83_de_aterizare)" title="Huygens (sondă de aterizare) – rumunčina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Huygens (sondă de aterizare)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8E%D0%B9%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81_(%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4)" title="Гюйгенс (зонд) – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гюйгенс (зонд)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens_(spacecraft)" title="Huygens (spacecraft) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Huygens (spacecraft)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huygens" title="Huygens – švédčina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Huygens" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédčina" 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lang="sk" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellspacing="3" style="width:300px; float:right; text-align: left; font-size:90%; margin-bottom:0.5em; clear:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="font-size:125%; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" colspan="2">Huygens </th></tr><tr><td style="border-top:1px solid #999966; text-align: center;" colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Huygens_probe_model.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Huygens_probe_model.jpg/200px-Huygens_probe_model.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Huygens_probe_model.jpg/300px-Huygens_probe_model.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Huygens_probe_model.jpg/400px-Huygens_probe_model.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1273" /></a></span><br /></td></tr> <tr> <th>Prevádzkovateľ</th><td><a href="/wiki/ESA" class="mw-disambig" title="ESA">ESA</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ASI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ASI (stránka neexistuje)">ASI</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Výrobca</th><td>Aerospatiale, <a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%BAzsko" title="Francúzsko">Francúzsko</a></td></tr> <tr> <th>Typ misie </th> <td>planetárna sonda </td></tr> <tr><th>Dátum štartu</th><td><a href="/wiki/15._okt%C3%B3ber" title="15. október">15. október</a> <a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a></td></tr><tr><th>Kozmodróm</th><td><a href="/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Space_Force_Station" title="Cape Canaveral Space Force Station">Cape Canaveral</a></td></tr><tr><th>Nosná raketa</th><td>Titan 4B Centaur</td></tr><tr><th>Zánik</th><td><a href="/wiki/14._janu%C3%A1r" title="14. január">14. január</a> <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a></td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/International_Designator" title="International Designator">COSPAR ID</a></th><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1997-061C">1997-061C</a></td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Katal%C3%B3gov%C3%A9_%C4%8D%C3%ADslo_satelitu_USSPACECOM" title="Katalógové číslo satelitu USSPACECOM">Kat. číslo</a></th><td>bez čísla</td></tr><tr><th>Hmotnosť</th><td>318 kg</td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" title="Portál, ktorého súčasťou je táto stránka" style="text-align:center; border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><div style="border: solid #aaa 1px; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 0ex 1ex; display:inline-table; padding: 0ex 0.05ex; border-style:none; background:transparent;" title="Portál, ktorého súčasťou je táto stránka"> <table style="margin: 0; padding: 0ex"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;margin: 0;border:none;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border:none;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Kozmonautika" title="Kozmonautický portál"><img alt="Kozmonautický portál" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Shuttle.svg/7px-Shuttle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Shuttle.svg/11px-Shuttle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Shuttle.svg/15px-Shuttle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="970" data-file-height="2476" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Kozmonautika" title="Portál:Kozmonautika">Kozmonautický portál</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Huygens</b> bola západoeurópska <a href="/wiki/Planet%C3%A1rna_sonda" title="Planetárna sonda">planetárna sonda</a>, súčasť kombinovanej misie <a href="/wiki/Cassini-Huygens" title="Cassini-Huygens">Cassini-Huygens</a>, určená na prieskum <a href="/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A9ra_(kozmick%C3%A9ho_telesa)" title="Atmosféra (kozmického telesa)">atmosféry</a> a povrchu najväčšieho <a href="/wiki/Saturn_(plan%C3%A9ta)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saturn (planéta)">Saturnovho</a> mesiaca <a href="/wiki/Titan_(mesiac)" title="Titan (mesiac)">Titanu</a>. Išlo o prvú a zatiaľ jedinú <a href="/wiki/Kozmick%C3%A1_sonda" title="Kozmická sonda">kozmickú sondu</a>, ktorá pristála na inom <a href="/wiki/Mesiac_(dru%C5%BEica)" title="Mesiac (družica)">mesiaci</a>, ako je <a href="/wiki/Mesiac" title="Mesiac">Mesiac</a> Zeme. Súčasne vykonala od Zeme najvzdialenejšie pristátie v histórii kozmonautiky. </p><p>Pre organizáciu <a href="/wiki/ESA" class="mw-disambig" title="ESA">ESA</a> a taliansku národnú kozmickú agentúru <a href="/w/index.php?title=ASI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ASI (stránka neexistuje)">ASI</a> ju vyrobila francúzska firma <i>Aerospatiale</i>. Na prístrojovom vybavení sa podieľala tiež americká organizácia <a href="/wiki/National_Aeronautics_and_Space_Administration" title="National Aeronautics and Space Administration">NASA</a> a celý rad amerických univerzít. Vlastná atmosférická sonda tvaru nízkeho <a href="/wiki/Ku%C5%BEe%C4%BE" title="Kužeľ">kužeľa</a> s maximálnym priemerom 2,7 m bola stabilizovaná rotáciou. Počas balistického zostupu bolo puzdro s prístrojmi chránené proti tepelnému namáhaniu krytom s celkovou hmotnosťou asi 100 kg, tvoreným vpredu ablatívnym <a href="/wiki/Tepeln%C3%BD_%C5%A1t%C3%ADt" title="Tepelný štít">štítom</a> na ochranu proti žiaru počas zostupu a vzadu <a href="/wiki/Hlin%C3%ADk" title="Hliník">hliníkovým</a> krytom, pod ktorým bol umiestnený <a href="/wiki/Pad%C3%A1k" title="Padák">padákový</a> systém tvorený troma postupne vypúšťanými <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nylon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nylon (stránka neexistuje)">nylonovými</a> padákmi: pilotným, hlavným a stabilizačným. Proti bolo prístrojové puzdro vybavené 35 výhrevnými elementami s <a href="/wiki/Plut%C3%B3nium" title="Plutónium">plutóniom</a> 238. </p><p>Sonda niesla súbor vedeckých prístrojov, ktorý tvorili: </p> <ul><li>zostupová <a href="/wiki/Kamera" class="mw-disambig" title="Kamera">kamera</a> a spektrálny <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A1diometer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rádiometer (stránka neexistuje)">rádiometer</a> s 13 snímačmi pre meranie teploty častíc v atmosfére, atmosféry a povrchu, spektrálny výskum a vyhotovenie snímkou pod vrstvou oblačnosti;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reflektor" class="mw-disambig" title="Reflektor">reflektor</a> určený na osvetlenie povrchu, pre zábery vo <a href="/wiki/Svetlo" class="mw-disambig" title="Svetlo">viditeľnej</a> a <a href="/wiki/Infra%C4%8Derven%C3%A9_%C5%BEiarenie" title="Infračervené žiarenie">infračervenej oblasti</a>;</li> <li>plynový <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chromatograf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chromatograf (stránka neexistuje)">chromatograf</a> a hmotový <a href="/wiki/Spektrometer" title="Spektrometer">spektrometer</a> pre chemickú analýzu plynov a aerosólových častíc;</li> <li>lapač <a href="/wiki/Aeros%C3%B3l" title="Aerosól">aerosólov</a> a pyrolytické zariadenie na zachytenie častíc v <a href="/wiki/Oblak" title="Oblak">oblakoch</a> a ich následné odparenie;</li> <li>súbor experimentov pre povrchový výskum na určenie fyzikálnych vlastností a zloženia povrchu na mieste dopadu, ktorý tvorili: <ul><li>akustický detektor umožňujúci meranie výšky a prípadného pohybu povrchu (vlny, hĺbka mora v prípade pristátia na hladine);</li> <li>prístroj na meranie výkyvov sondy pri zostupe a po pristátí;</li> <li>snímače merajúce <a href="/wiki/Hustota" class="mw-disambig" title="Hustota">hustotu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teplota" title="Teplota">teplotu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Index_lomu" title="Index lomu">index lomu</a>, tepelné vlastnosti atď. kvapalného povrchu;</li></ul></li> <li>zariadenie pre výskum atmosféry obsahujúce snímače na meranie fyzikálnych a elektrických vlastností atmosféry, hustoty atmosféry, veterného prúdenia, mohutnosti vĺn, teploty a tlaku;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anemometer" title="Anemometer">anemometer</a> na meranie rýchlosti <a href="/wiki/Vietor" title="Vietor">vetra</a>.</li></ul> <p>Počas letu po medziplanetárnej dráhe a v počiatočnej fázy letu po <a href="/wiki/Obe%C5%BEn%C3%A1_dr%C3%A1ha" title="Obežná dráha">obežnej dráhe</a> okolo Saturnu bola sonda Huygens pripojená k materskej sonde <a href="/wiki/Cassini_(sonda)" title="Cassini (sonda)">Cassini</a>, určenej na prieskum planéty, jej <a href="/wiki/Prstence_Saturna" title="Prstence Saturna">prstencov</a> a <a href="/wiki/Mesiace_Saturnu" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesiace Saturnu">systému jej mesiacov</a>. </p><p>Na materskej sonde bolo umiestnené zariadenie na vypustenie sondy Huygens aj prijímače pre preposlanie nameraných dát z atmosférickej sondy na <a href="/wiki/Zem" title="Zem">Zem</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Priebeh_letu">Priebeh letu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huygens_(sonda)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Upraviť sekciu: Priebeh letu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huygens_(sonda)&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Priebeh letu"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Po štarte <a href="/wiki/15._okt%C3%B3ber" title="15. október">15. októbra</a> <a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a> z <a href="/wiki/Kozmodr%C3%B3m" title="Kozmodróm">kozmodrómu</a> na <a href="/wiki/Mys_Canaveral" class="mw-redirect" title="Mys Canaveral">myse Canaveral</a> na <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Floride</a> (<a href="/wiki/Spojen%C3%A9_%C5%A1t%C3%A1ty" title="Spojené štáty">USA</a>) boli vzhľadom na veľkú hmotnosť spojených sond počas letu k <a href="/wiki/Saturn_(plan%C3%A9ta)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saturn (planéta)">Saturnu</a> využité <a href="/wiki/Gravita%C4%8Dn%C3%BD_prak" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravitačný prak">gravitačné manévre</a> pri dvoch preletoch okolo <a href="/wiki/Venu%C5%A1a_(plan%C3%A9ta)" class="mw-redirect" title="Venuša (planéta)">Venuše</a> (<a href="/wiki/26._apr%C3%ADl" title="26. apríl">26. apríla</a> <a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a> vo výške 234 km a <a href="/wiki/24._j%C3%BAn" title="24. jún">24. júna</a> <a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a> vo výške 600 km), okolo <a href="/wiki/Zem" title="Zem">Zeme</a> (<a href="/wiki/18._august" title="18. august">18. augusta</a> <a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a> vo výške 1 171 km) a okolo <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(plan%C3%A9ta)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter (planéta)">Jupitera</a> (<a href="/wiki/30._december" title="30. december">30. decembra</a> <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a> vo výške približne 10 mil. km). Každý z týchto gravitačných manévrov sondu urýchlil, čím sa podstatne skrátila doba príletu k Saturnu. </p><p>Počas preletu medziplanetárnym priestorom technici dodatočne prišli na problém súvisiaci s <a href="/wiki/Dopplerov_jav" title="Dopplerov jav">dopplerovským</a> posunom frekvencie modulujúceho digitálneho signálu prenášaných dát zo sondy Huygens na sondu Cassini počas pristávacieho manévru na Titane. Problém bol nakoniec vyriešený presunutím pristátia sondy Huygens z prvého na tretí obeh a zväčšením vzájomnej vzdialenosti obidvoch sond v priebehu manévru, čím sa nežiaduci efekt zmiernil. </p><p>Do Saturnovej <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sf%C3%A9ra_gravita%C4%8Dn%C3%A9ho_vplyvu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sféra gravitačného vplyvu (stránka neexistuje)">sféry gravitačného vplyvu</a> vstúpila sonda Cassini <a href="/wiki/9._marec" title="9. marec">9. marca</a> <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>. Zážihom hlavného korekčného motora na dobu 96 minút bola <a href="/wiki/1._j%C3%BAl" title="1. júl">1. júla</a> <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a> sonda navedená na <a href="/wiki/Obe%C5%BEn%C3%A1_dr%C3%A1ha" title="Obežná dráha">obežnú dráhu</a> okolo planéty. Dňa <a href="/wiki/14._september" title="14. september">14. septembra</a> <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a> boli započaté prípravy puzdra Huygens k samostatnému letu. Do tej doby bola sonda Huygens až na krátke okamihy previerok jej technického stavu hybernovaná. Vlastné odpojenie sondy Huygens od materskej sondy Cassini prebehlo <a href="/wiki/25._december" title="25. december">25. decembra</a> <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>. Sonda Huygens <a href="/wiki/14._janu%C3%A1r" title="14. január">14. januára</a> <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a> úspešne pristála na mesiaci <a href="/wiki/Titan_(mesiac)" title="Titan (mesiac)">Titan</a>. Zostup atmosférou trval 2 hodiny 32 minút a 15 sekúnd. Počas pristávania a pobytu na povrchu slúžila sonda Cassini ako retranslačná stanica na preposielanie vedeckých a technických dát zo sondy Huygens na Zem. </p><p>Atmosférická sonda pristála na zmrznutom titanovom „bahne“ tvorenom zmesou <a href="/wiki/Kremi%C4%8Ditan" title="Kremičitan">kremičitanových</a> <a href="/wiki/Hornina" title="Hornina">hornín</a> a tuhého <a href="/wiki/Met%C3%A1n" title="Metán">metánu</a>. Nad očakávania vedcov prežila pristátie o viac ako 4 hodiny a spojenie medzi ňou a signál preposielajúcou sondou Cassini bolo stratené až 2 hodiny po pristátí, keď sa jej Cassini stratila za obzorom. Slabý signál nosnej frekvencie (bez možnosti získania zmysluplných dát) bol prijímaný priamo na Zemi ešte ďalšie 2 hodiny potom. </p><p>V dôsledku programátorskej chyby došlo k strate približne polovice dát prijatých na sonde Cassini, ktoré neboli nahrané do palubnej pamäti a preto nemohli byť neskôr odoslané na Zem. Napriek tomu je misia Huygens považovaná za mimoriadny technický a vedecký úspech. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pôvod_mena"><span id="P.C3.B4vod_mena"></span>Pôvod mena</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huygens_(sonda)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Upraviť sekciu: Pôvod mena" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huygens_(sonda)&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Pôvod mena"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sonda je pomenovaná na počesť holandského astronóma, fyzika a matematika <a href="/wiki/Christiaan_Huygens" title="Christiaan Huygens">Christiaana Huygensa</a> (<a href="/wiki/1629" title="1629">1629</a> – <a href="/wiki/1695" title="1695">1695</a>), ktorý v roku <a href="/wiki/1659" title="1659">1659</a> popísal skutočný tvar Saturnových prstencov. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externé_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.A9_odkazy"></span>Externé odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huygens_(sonda)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Upraviť sekciu: Externé odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huygens_(sonda)&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externé odkazy"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.cas.cz/www/space.40/1997/I061C.HTM">Sonda na encyklopédii SPACE-40</a> <span style="font-size: 0.95em">(po česky)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ian.cz/detart_fr.php?id=1433">Pristátie v priamom prenose</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050908092034/http://www.ian.cz/detart_fr.php?id=1433">Archivované</a> 2005-09-08 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astro.cz/cz/news/show.php?id=1853">Prvé snímky zo sondy Huygens </a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050429173210/http://www.astro.cz/cz/news/show.php?id=1853">Archivované</a> 2005-04-29 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astro.cz/cz/news/show.php?id=1854">ďalšia séria snímok</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050429173214/http://www.astro.cz/cz/news/show.php?id=1854">Archivované</a> 2005-04-29 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> na astro.cz</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.esa.int/esaSC/SEM77EUZJND_1_spk.html">Cassini-Huygens: Press Kit</a> <span style="font-size: 0.95em">(po anglicky)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/news/index.cfm">Cassini-Huygens - domovská stránka</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050907214322/http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/news/index.cfm">Archivované</a> 2005-09-07 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span style="font-size: 0.95em">(po anglicky)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2005/16jan_titan.htm">Pohľady na Titan</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050119061912/http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2005/16jan_titan.htm">Archivované</a> 2005-01-19 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span style="font-size: 0.95em">(po anglicky)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://anthony.liekens.net/index.php/Main/Huygens">Zložené obrázky</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050117005427/http://anthony.liekens.net/index.php/Main/Huygens">Archivované</a> 2005-01-17 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span style="font-size: 0.95em">(po anglicky)</span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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