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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Vlektyfus" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Vlektyfus" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Vlektyfus" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina's voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Endemische_vlektyfus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Endemische_vlektyfus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Endemische vlektyfus</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Endemische_vlektyfus-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Endemische vlektyfus-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Endemische_vlektyfus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Besmetting_en_risicogroepen_van_endemische_vlektyfus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Besmetting_en_risicogroepen_van_endemische_vlektyfus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Besmetting en risicogroepen van endemische vlektyfus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Besmetting_en_risicogroepen_van_endemische_vlektyfus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Epidemische_vlektyfus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Epidemische_vlektyfus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Epidemische vlektyfus</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Epidemische_vlektyfus-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Epidemische vlektyfus-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Epidemische_vlektyfus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Besmetting_en_risicogroepen_van_epidemische_vlektyfus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Besmetting_en_risicogroepen_van_epidemische_vlektyfus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Besmetting en risicogroepen van epidemische vlektyfus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Besmetting_en_risicogroepen_van_epidemische_vlektyfus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Andere_rickettsioses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Andere_rickettsioses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Andere rickettsioses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Andere_rickettsioses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Andere_ziekten_die_tyfus_genoemd_worden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Andere_ziekten_die_tyfus_genoemd_worden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Andere ziekten die tyfus genoemd worden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Andere_ziekten_die_tyfus_genoemd_worden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wetenswaardigheden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wetenswaardigheden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Wetenswaardigheden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wetenswaardigheden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bekende_personen_die_stierven_aan_vlektyfus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bekende_personen_die_stierven_aan_vlektyfus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bekende personen die stierven aan vlektyfus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bekende_personen_die_stierven_aan_vlektyfus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Vlektyfus</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 78 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-78" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">78 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifus" title="Tifus – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tifus" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifus" title="Tifus – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Tifus" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%89_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="حمى نمشية – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حمى نمشية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B3" title="التيفوس – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="التيفوس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifus" title="Tifus – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Tifus" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifus" title="Tifus – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tifus" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B3" title="تیفوس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="تیفوس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Сабыртмалы тиф – Basjkiers" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Сабыртмалы тиф" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Basjkiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ilt%C4%97n%C4%97" title="Šiltėnė – Samogitisch" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Šiltėnė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Тиф – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тиф" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0" title="টাইফাস জ্বর – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="টাইফাস জ্বর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifuz" title="Tifuz – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Tifuz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifus" title="Tifus – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Tifus" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifus" title="Tifus – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tifus" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plettyfus" title="Plettyfus – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Plettyfus" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fleckfieber" title="Fleckfieber – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fleckfieber" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%8D%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Τύφος – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τύφος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhus" title="Typhus – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Typhus" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifo" title="Tifo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tifo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifus" title="Tifus – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tifus" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BC%C3%BCfus" title="Tüüfus – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tüüfus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifus" title="Tifus – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tifus" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B3" title="تیفوس – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تیفوس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilkkukuume" title="Pilkkukuume – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pilkkukuume" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhus" title="Typhus – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Typhus" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaktyfus" title="Plaktyfus – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Plaktyfus" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%ADfeas" title="Tífeas – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Tífeas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiabhras-ballach" title="Fiabhras-ballach – Schots-Gaelisch" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Fiabhras-ballach" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Schots-Gaelisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifo" title="Tifo – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tifo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhus" title="Typhus – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Typhus" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A1_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA" title="טיפוס הבהרות – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טיפוס הבהרות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%ADfusz" title="Tífusz – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tífusz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%AE%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80_%D5%BF%D5%AB%D6%86" title="Բծավոր տիֆ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բծավոր տիֆ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%AE%D5%A1%D6%82%D5%B8%D6%80_%D5%8F%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A4" title="Բծաւոր Տենդ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Բծաւոր Տենդ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penyakit_Rickettsia" title="Penyakit Rickettsia – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penyakit Rickettsia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifo" title="Tifo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Tifo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flekkus%C3%B3tt" title="Flekkusótt – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Flekkusótt" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifo_(zoonosi)" title="Tifo (zoonosi) – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tifo (zoonosi)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%95%E3%82%B9" title="チフス – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="チフス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ტიფი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტიფი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifus" title="Tifus – Kabylisch" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tifus" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabylisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%A9%D1%80%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BF%D0%B5_%D1%81%D2%AF%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Бөрітпе сүзек – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Бөрітпе сүзек" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%9C%EC%A7%84%ED%8B%B0%ED%91%B8%EC%8A%A4" title="발진티푸스 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="발진티푸스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhus_(morbus)" title="Typhus (morbus) – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Typhus (morbus)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhus" title="Typhus – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Typhus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0iltin%C4%97" title="Šiltinė – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šiltinė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%ABfs" title="Tīfs – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tīfs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%83%D1%81" title="Тифус – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тифус" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ടൈഫസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ടൈഫസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifus" title="Tifus – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tifus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flekktyfus" title="Flekktyfus – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Flekktyfus" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifus" title="Tifus – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Tifus" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%AB%E0%AC%B8" title="ଟାଇଫସ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଟାଇଫସ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DA%86%DA%A9%DB%8D_%D8%AA%D8%A8%D9%87_(%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%87)" title="وچکۍ تبه (محرقه) – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="وچکۍ تبه (محرقه)" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifo" title="Tifo – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tifo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifos" title="Tifos – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tifos" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D0%BF%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Сыпной тиф – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сыпной тиф" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhus" title="Typhus – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Typhus" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0kvrnit%C3%BD_t%C3%BDfus" title="Škvrnitý týfus – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Škvrnitý týfus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifus" title="Tifus – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tifus" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifus" title="Tifus – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Tifus" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%83%D1%81" title="Тифус – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тифус" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyfus" title="Tyfus – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tyfus" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%83%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D" title="டைஃபஸ் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="டைஃபஸ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%8D%E0%B9%88" title="ไข้รากสาดใหญ่ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไข้รากสาดใหญ่" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tif%C3%BCs" title="Tifüs – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tifüs" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Чабыртмалы тиф – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Чабыртмалы тиф" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Тиф – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тиф" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%81%D8%B3" title="ٹائیفس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ٹائیفس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qorin_tifi" title="Qorin tifi – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qorin tifi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%BB%91t_ph%C3%A1t_ban_(typhus)" title="Sốt phát ban (typhus) – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sốt phát ban (typhus)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%AEfusse" title="Tîfusse – Waals" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Tîfusse" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Waals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifus" title="Tifus – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tifus" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%91%E7%96%B9%E4%BC%A4%E5%AF%92" title="斑疹伤寒 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="斑疹伤寒" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90" title="ტიფა – Mingreels" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ტიფა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingreels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%91%E7%96%B9%E5%82%B7%E5%AF%92" title="斑疹傷寒 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="斑疹傷寒" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chek-hu-su" title="Chek-hu-su – Minnanyu" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chek-hu-su" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnanyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%91%E7%96%B9%E5%82%B7%E5%AF%92" title="斑疹傷寒 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="斑疹傷寒" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q160649#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen 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gezondheidsklachten een <a href="/wiki/Arts" title="Arts">arts</a>.</small></div> </div></div> <table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="color:inherit; text-align:center; font-size:120%;" colspan="3">Vlektyfus </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Epidemic_typhus_Burundi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Huiduitslag ten gevolge van epidemische vlektyfus door Rickettsia prowazekii bij een gevangene in Burundi, 1997" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Epidemic_typhus_Burundi.jpg/266px-Epidemic_typhus_Burundi.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="346" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Epidemic_typhus_Burundi.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="390" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"><div style="font-size:90%">Huiduitslag ten gevolge van epidemische vlektyfus door Rickettsia prowazekii bij een gevangene in <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a>, 1997</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="color:inherit;" colspan="3">Coderingen </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/ICD-10" title="ICD-10">ICD-10</a><br /><a href="/wiki/ICD-9" title="ICD-9">ICD-9</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/ICD10_Hoofdstuk_I" class="mw-redirect" title="ICD10 Hoofdstuk I">A</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/A75.1">75.1</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://icd9.chrisendres.com/index.php?action=search&srchtext=080">080</a>-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://icd9.chrisendres.com/index.php?action=search&srchtext=083">083</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Diseases_Database" title="Diseases Database">DiseasesDB</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diseasesdatabase.com/ddb29240.htm">29240</a><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/MedlinePlus" title="MedlinePlus">MedlinePlus</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001363.htm">001363</a><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/EMedicine" title="EMedicine">eMedicine</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic2332.htm">med/2332</a><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" style="color:inherit;" colspan="3"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Geneeskunde" title="Portaal:Geneeskunde">Geneeskunde</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:The_Liberation_of_Bergen-belsen_Concentration_Camp,_April_1945_BU4018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/The_Liberation_of_Bergen-belsen_Concentration_Camp%2C_April_1945_BU4018.jpg/260px-The_Liberation_of_Bergen-belsen_Concentration_Camp%2C_April_1945_BU4018.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/The_Liberation_of_Bergen-belsen_Concentration_Camp%2C_April_1945_BU4018.jpg/390px-The_Liberation_of_Bergen-belsen_Concentration_Camp%2C_April_1945_BU4018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/The_Liberation_of_Bergen-belsen_Concentration_Camp%2C_April_1945_BU4018.jpg/520px-The_Liberation_of_Bergen-belsen_Concentration_Camp%2C_April_1945_BU4018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="798" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Vrouwen met vlektyfus liggen dicht op elkaar in een barak. Bevrijding van het Duitse concentratiekamp <a href="/wiki/Bergen-Belsen" title="Bergen-Belsen">Bergen-Belsen</a>, 1945</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:The_Liberation_of_Bergen-belsen_Concentration_Camp,_May_1945_BU5479.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/The_Liberation_of_Bergen-belsen_Concentration_Camp%2C_May_1945_BU5479.jpg/260px-The_Liberation_of_Bergen-belsen_Concentration_Camp%2C_May_1945_BU5479.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/The_Liberation_of_Bergen-belsen_Concentration_Camp%2C_May_1945_BU5479.jpg/390px-The_Liberation_of_Bergen-belsen_Concentration_Camp%2C_May_1945_BU5479.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/The_Liberation_of_Bergen-belsen_Concentration_Camp%2C_May_1945_BU5479.jpg/520px-The_Liberation_of_Bergen-belsen_Concentration_Camp%2C_May_1945_BU5479.jpg 2x" data-file-width="772" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Een overledene van Bergen-Belsen met vlektyfus wordt onderzocht door Amerikanen, 1945</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Epidemic_Typhus._Macular_rash.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Epidemic_Typhus._Macular_rash.png/260px-Epidemic_Typhus._Macular_rash.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Epidemic_Typhus._Macular_rash.png/390px-Epidemic_Typhus._Macular_rash.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Epidemic_Typhus._Macular_rash.png/520px-Epidemic_Typhus._Macular_rash.png 2x" data-file-width="797" data-file-height="828" /></a><figcaption>Huiduitslag bij een man door epidemische tyfus, 1914.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Vlektyfus</b> is een <a href="/wiki/Besmettelijke_ziekte" class="mw-redirect" title="Besmettelijke ziekte">besmettelijke ziekte</a> die door <a href="/wiki/Bacteri%C3%ABn" title="Bacteriën">bacteriën</a> uit het geslacht <i><a href="/wiki/Rickettsia" title="Rickettsia">Rickettsia</a></i> wordt veroorzaakt. De naam komt van het <a href="/wiki/Grieks" title="Grieks">Griekse</a> <i>typhos</i> (τύφος, mist, nevel) en heeft betrekking op de effecten van het <a href="/wiki/Delier" title="Delier">koortsdelier</a> dat patiënten treft. Alle organen kunnen worden aangetast door de infectieziekte, maar de grootste schade treedt op aan <a href="/wiki/Huid" title="Huid">huid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hart" title="Hart">hart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Centraal_zenuwstelsel" title="Centraal zenuwstelsel">centraal zenuwstelsel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spier_(anatomie)" title="Spier (anatomie)">spieren</a> en <a href="/wiki/Nier_(biologie)" title="Nier (biologie)">nieren</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vlektyfus wordt ook wel eenvoudig tyfus genoemd, hoewel er ook andere ziekten met tyfus worden aangeduid. Er bestaan verschillende soorten vlektyfus, waaronder endemische vlektyfus en epidemische vlektyfus. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Endemische_vlektyfus">Endemische vlektyfus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Endemische vlektyfus" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Endemische vlektyfus"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De endemische vorm van vlektyfus, ook wel muriene tyfus genoemd, wordt veroorzaakt door een <a href="/wiki/Infectie" title="Infectie">infectie</a> met de bacteriën <i>Rickettsia typhi</i> en <i>Rickettsia felis</i>. Deze worden <a href="/wiki/Vector_(biologie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vector (biologie)">overgebracht</a> door de <a href="/wiki/Insectenbeet" title="Insectenbeet">beet</a> en <a href="/wiki/Ontlasting" title="Ontlasting">ontlasting</a> van respectievelijk de <a href="/wiki/Rattenvlo" title="Rattenvlo">rattenvlo</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Kattenvlo" title="Kattenvlo">kattenvlo</a>. De <a href="/wiki/Incubatietijd" class="mw-redirect" title="Incubatietijd">incubatietijd</a> is 1 tot 2 weken.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Endemische vlektyfus is niet besmettelijk en heeft minder duidelijke en minder ernstige symptomen dan de epidemische vorm. In de helft van de gevallen zijn de symptomen <a href="/wiki/Koorts" title="Koorts">koorts</a>, ernstige <a href="/wiki/Hoofdpijn" title="Hoofdpijn">hoofdpijn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Koude_rilling" title="Koude rilling">rillingen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spierpijn" title="Spierpijn">spierpijn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Misselijkheid" title="Misselijkheid">misselijkheid</a> en <a href="/wiki/Huiduitslag" title="Huiduitslag">huiduitslag</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-RIVM2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RIVM2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De rattenvlo wordt zelf niet ziek van de bacterie en blijft de bacteriën verspreiden. Behandeling kan met <a href="/wiki/Doxycycline" title="Doxycycline">doxycycline</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CDC2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDC2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Besmetting_en_risicogroepen_van_endemische_vlektyfus">Besmetting en risicogroepen van endemische vlektyfus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Besmetting en risicogroepen van endemische vlektyfus" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Besmetting en risicogroepen van endemische vlektyfus"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Het reservoir voor de endemische vorm van vlektyfus is de <a href="/wiki/Zwarte_rat" title="Zwarte rat">rat</a>. Deze ziekte is daarom een <a href="/wiki/Zo%C3%B6nose" title="Zoönose">zoönose</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mensen met endemische vlektyfus zijn niet besmettelijk voor anderen. Rond 2019 komt vlektyfus vooral voor in warme gebieden waar ratten voorkomen, zoals de kuststeden van <a href="/wiki/Tropisch_klimaat" title="Tropisch klimaat">tropische</a> en <a href="/wiki/Gematigd_klimaat" title="Gematigd klimaat">gematigde luchtstreken</a>. Reizigers naar en inwoners van die gebieden lopen het grootste risico. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Epidemische_vlektyfus">Epidemische vlektyfus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Epidemische vlektyfus" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Epidemische vlektyfus"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De <a href="/wiki/Epidemie" title="Epidemie">epidemische</a> vorm van vlektyfus wordt veroorzaakt door besmetting met de bacterie <i>Rickettsia prowazekii</i>. Deze ziekte is zonder behandeling in 10% tot 60% van de gevallen dodelijk. De ziekte wordt door de <a href="/wiki/Ontlasting" title="Ontlasting">ontlasting</a> van <a href="/wiki/Kleerluis" title="Kleerluis">kleerluizen</a> overgebracht of door de beet van de luis. Besmetting kan bovendien optreden door krabben in open wondjes maar soms ook door inademing. De ziekte komt voor onder slechte <a href="/wiki/Hygi%C3%ABne" title="Hygiëne">hygiënische</a> omstandigheden, zoals in overvolle ruimten tijdens oorlogen en hongersnoden. De kleerluis wordt zelf ziek van de bacterie en sterft binnen drie weken. De <a href="/wiki/Incubatietijd" class="mw-redirect" title="Incubatietijd">incubatietijd</a> van epidemische vlektyfus is 1 week.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Deze vorm van tyfus is <a href="/wiki/Besmettelijkheid" title="Besmettelijkheid">besmettelijk</a> tijdens koorts en waarschijnlijk nog tot 3 dagen nadat de koorts weg is. De symptomen van epidemische vlektyfus zijn hoge koorts, rillingen, spierpijn, hoofdpijn, huiduitslag (roze vlekken), misselijkheid en <a href="/wiki/Braken_(lichaamsfunctie)" title="Braken (lichaamsfunctie)">overgeven</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CDC2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDC2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ook kunnen er neurologische verschijnselen optreden, <a href="/wiki/Meningisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Meningisme">meningisme</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delier" title="Delier">delier</a> en <a href="/wiki/Coma_(geneeskunde)" title="Coma (geneeskunde)">coma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De behandeling bestaat uit het <a href="/wiki/Antibioticum" title="Antibioticum">antibioticum</a> <a href="/wiki/Doxycycline" title="Doxycycline">doxycycline</a> (vroeger werden ook <a href="/wiki/Tetracycline" title="Tetracycline">tetracycline</a> en <a href="/wiki/Chlooramfenicol" title="Chlooramfenicol">chlooramfenicol</a> gebruikt). Wie vlektyfus heeft doorgemaakt, houdt de ziekteverwekker sluimerend bij zich en kan ook na jaren in <a href="/wiki/Stress" title="Stress">stresssituaties</a> of bij verminderde afweer de ziekte in mildere vorm weer krijgen.<sup id="cite_ref-RIVM2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RIVM2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dit staat bekend als de <a href="/wiki/Ziekte_van_Brill-Zinsser" title="Ziekte van Brill-Zinsser">ziekte van Brill-Zinsser</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1928 werd de <a href="/wiki/Nobelprijs_voor_Fysiologie_of_Geneeskunde" title="Nobelprijs voor Fysiologie of Geneeskunde">Nobelprijs voor Fysiologie of Geneeskunde</a> toegekend aan de Franse bioloog <a href="/wiki/Charles_Nicolle" title="Charles Nicolle">Charles Nicolle</a> vanwege zijn ontdekking dat de ziekte door luizen werd overgebracht. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Besmetting_en_risicogroepen_van_epidemische_vlektyfus">Besmetting en risicogroepen van epidemische vlektyfus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Besmetting en risicogroepen van epidemische vlektyfus" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Besmetting en risicogroepen van epidemische vlektyfus"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Het reservoir voor de epidemische vorm is de mens zelf. In onhygiënische omstandigheden wordt de bacterie <i>R. prowazekii</i> via kleerluizen op andere mensen overgebracht. De kleerluis heeft de neiging om zijn gastheer te verlaten als deze koorts heeft.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Patiënten die worden ontluisd zijn niet meer besmettelijk. </p><p>Rond 2019 komt vlektyfus het meest voor in <a href="/wiki/Vluchtelingenkamp" title="Vluchtelingenkamp">vluchtelingenkampen</a> waar goede voorzieningen schaars zijn. In het verleden kwam de ziekte voor bij soldaten in <a href="/wiki/Loopgraaf" title="Loopgraaf">loopgraven</a>, maar ook in de Duitse <a href="/wiki/Concentratiekamp" title="Concentratiekamp">concentratiekampen</a>. In Nederland en de aangrenzende buurlanden België en Duitsland komen kleerluizen en daarmee de ziekte het meest voor bij <a href="/wiki/Dakloze" class="mw-redirect" title="Dakloze">dak- en thuislozen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Andere_rickettsioses">Andere rickettsioses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Andere rickettsioses" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Andere rickettsioses"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Andere <a href="/wiki/Rickettsiose" title="Rickettsiose">rickettsioses</a>, ziekten veroorzaakt door <a href="/wiki/Bacteri%C3%ABn" title="Bacteriën">bacteriën</a> uit het geslacht <i>Rickettsia,</i> zijn: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_spotted_fever" title="Rocky Mountain spotted fever">Rocky Mountain spotted fever</a>, een vorm van vlektyfus veroorzaakt door verschillende soorten <i>Rickettsia</i> en overgebracht door <a href="/wiki/Teken_(dieren)" title="Teken (dieren)">tekenbeten</a>.</li> <li>Queensland tick typhus, een in Australië voorkomende ziekte door besmetting met <i>Rickettsia australis,</i> overgebracht door teken.</li> <li>Siberian tick typhus, een naar Siberië vernoemde ziekte door besmetting met <i>Rickettsia sibirica,</i> overgebracht door teken.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaanse_tekenkoorts" title="Afrikaanse tekenkoorts">Afrikaanse tekenkoorts</a>, veroorzaakt door <i>Rickettsia africae.</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fi%C3%A8vre_boutonneuse" title="Fièvre boutonneuse">Fièvre boutonneuse</a> of mediterrane gevlekte koorts, veroorzaakt door <i>Rickettsia conorii.</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Andere_ziekten_die_tyfus_genoemd_worden">Andere ziekten die tyfus genoemd worden</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Andere ziekten die tyfus genoemd worden" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Andere ziekten die tyfus genoemd worden"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scrubtyfus" title="Scrubtyfus">Scrubtyfus</a>. Veroorzaakt door <i>Orientia tsutsugamushi</i>, die wordt overgebracht door <a href="/wiki/Trombicula" title="Trombicula">oogstmijten</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buiktyfus" title="Buiktyfus">Buiktyfus</a>. Een darmziekte veroorzaakt door <a href="/wiki/Salmonella" title="Salmonella">salmonellabacteriën</a> (<i>Salmonella typhi</i>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paratyfus" title="Paratyfus">Paratyfus</a>. Een darmziekte veroorzaakt door <i>Salmonella paratyphi</i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wetenswaardigheden">Wetenswaardigheden</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Wetenswaardigheden" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Wetenswaardigheden"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ook de <a href="/wiki/Pest_(ziekte)" title="Pest (ziekte)">pest</a> werd door rattenvlooien overgebracht.</li> <li>De bacterie <i><a href="/wiki/Coxiella_burnetii" title="Coxiella burnetii">Coxiella burnetii</a>,</i> die <a href="/wiki/Q-koorts" title="Q-koorts">Q-koorts</a> veroorzaakt, werd oorspronkelijk ook tot de <i>Rickettsia</i> gerekend.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bekende_personen_die_stierven_aan_vlektyfus">Bekende personen die stierven aan vlektyfus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Bekende personen die stierven aan vlektyfus" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&action=edit&section=8" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Bekende personen die stierven aan vlektyfus"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pherecydes_van_Syros" title="Pherecydes van Syros">Pherecydes van Syros</a> (6e eeuw v.Chr.) filosoof, mythograaf, etymoloog en kosmoloog uit de 6e eeuw v.Chr.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lodewijk_IX_van_Frankrijk" title="Lodewijk IX van Frankrijk">Lodewijk IX van Frankrijk</a> (1214-1270), koning van Frankrijk<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_van_Oostenrijk" title="Juan van Oostenrijk">Juan van Oostenrijk</a> (1547-1578), Spaans legerleider en landvoogd van de Nederlanden aan het begin van de Tachtigjarige Oorlog</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Frederik_Stuart" title="Hendrik Frederik Stuart">Hendrik Frederik Stuart</a>, (1594-1612), Brits kroonprins</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Christina_van_Oostenrijk_(1742-1798)" title="Maria Christina van Oostenrijk (1742-1798)">Maria Christina van Oostenrijk</a> (1742-1798), landvoogdes van de Oostenrijkse Nederlanden</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Schubert" title="Franz Schubert">Franz Schubert</a> (1797-1828), Oostenrijks componist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_B%C3%BCchner" title="Georg Büchner">Georg Büchner</a> (1813-1837), Duits schrijver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_von_Basedow" title="Carl von Basedow">Carl von Basedow</a> (1799-1854), Duits arts, door besmetting via een snijincident bij obductie</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Luis_de_Borb%C3%B3n" title="Carlos Luis de Borbón">Carlos Luis de Borbón</a> (1818-1861), Graaf van Montemolín, Carlistisch troonpretendent</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacio_Zaragoza" title="Ignacio Zaragoza">Ignacio Zaragoza</a> (1829-1862), Mexicaans generaal</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophiel_Verbist" title="Theophiel Verbist">Theophiel Verbist</a> (1823-1868), Belgisch missionaris</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_van_Oranje-Nassau_(1851-1884)" title="Alexander van Oranje-Nassau (1851-1884)">Alexander van Oranje-Nassau</a> (1851-1884), Nederlandse kroonprins</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Opel" title="Adam Opel">Adam Opel</a> (1837-1895), Duits industrieel, oprichter van het automerk Opel</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Evenepoel" title="Henri Evenepoel">Henri Evenepoel</a> (1872-1899), Belgisch kunstschilder</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teresa_van_Los_Andes" title="Teresa van Los Andes">Teresa van Los Andes</a> (1900-1920), Chileense karmelietes en heilige</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Moreno_Aranzadi" title="Rafael Moreno Aranzadi">Rafael Moreno Aranzadi</a> (1892-1922), Spaans voetballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Maduro" title="George Maduro">George Maduro</a> (1916-1945), Nederlands verzetsstrijder, in Dachau</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Frank" title="Anne Frank">Anne Frank</a> (1929-1945), een <a href="/wiki/Duitsland" title="Duitsland">Duits</a> en later <a href="/wiki/Staatloosheid" title="Staatloosheid">statenloos</a> <a href="/wiki/Joden" title="Joden">Joods</a> meisje dat wereldberoemd is geworden door <a href="/wiki/Het_Achterhuis_(dagboek)" title="Het Achterhuis (dagboek)">het dagboek dat ze schreef</a> tijdens de <a href="/wiki/Tweede_Wereldoorlog" title="Tweede Wereldoorlog">Tweede Wereldoorlog</a>, overleden in het Duitse concentratiekamp <a href="/wiki/Bergen-Belsen" title="Bergen-Belsen">Bergen-Belsen</a> (mogelijk ook door uitputting<sup class="noprint nopopups"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bronvermelding#Bron_gevraagd" title="Wikipedia:Bronvermelding"><span title="Voor deze uitspraak is sinds 18 juni 2019 een bronvermelding gewenst. Motivering: uitputting?">[bron?]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margot_Frank" title="Margot Frank">Margot Frank</a> (1926-1945), een <a href="/wiki/Duitsland" title="Duitsland">Duits</a> en later <a href="/wiki/Staatloosheid" title="Staatloosheid">statenloos</a> <a href="/wiki/Joden" title="Joden">Joods</a> meisje, zuster van Anne Frank, overleden in het Duitse concentratiekamp <a href="/wiki/Bergen-Belsen" title="Bergen-Belsen">Bergen-Belsen</a> (mogelijk ook door uitputting<sup class="noprint nopopups"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bronvermelding#Bron_gevraagd" title="Wikipedia:Bronvermelding"><span title="Voor deze uitspraak is sinds 18 juni 2019 een bronvermelding gewenst. Motivering: uitputting?">[bron?]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_Bernard_Wiardi_Beckman" title="Herman Bernard Wiardi Beckman">Herman Bernard Wiardi Beckman</a> (1904-1945), verzetsstrijder en Nederlands politicus van de SDAP, in het Duitse concentratiekamp <a href="/wiki/Dachau_(concentratiekamp)" title="Dachau (concentratiekamp)">Dachau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Telders" title="Ben Telders">Ben Telders</a> (1903-1945), Nederlands rechtsgeleerde en politicus, in Bergen-Belsen</li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:02-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:02_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lci.rivm.nl/richtlijnen/vlektyfus">Handig die LCI-richtlijn van het RIVM</a>. <i>LCI richtlijnen</i>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2019-06-22">22 juni 2019</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RIVM2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-RIVM2_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RIVM2_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lci.rivm.nl/richtlijnen/vlektyfus">lci.rivm.nl Vlektyfus Richtlijn, 2008</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CDC2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-CDC2_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CDC2_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/typhus/index.html">www.cdc.gov Typhus Fevers January 18, 2019</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Het is onduidelijk of hij is overleden aan tyfus of aan de pest.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&oldid=68445196">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vlektyfus&oldid=68445196</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Bacteri%C3%ABle_infectieziekte" title="Categorie:Bacteriële infectieziekte">Bacteriële infectieziekte</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Verborgen categorieën: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Wikipedia:Artikel_mist_referentie_sinds_juni_2019" title="Categorie:Wikipedia:Artikel mist referentie sinds juni 2019">Wikipedia:Artikel mist referentie sinds juni 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Wikipedia:Alle_artikelen_die_een_referentie_missen" title="Categorie:Wikipedia:Alle artikelen die een referentie missen">Wikipedia:Alle artikelen die een referentie missen</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 28 nov 2024 om 13:20.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a>, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn. 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