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Shiraj</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Hanieh Shiraj"> <meta name="keywords" content="Hanieh Shiraj"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Hanieh Shiraj"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 15</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Hanieh Shiraj</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Correlation between Overweightness and the Extent of Coronary Atherosclerosis among the South Caspian Population</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Nabati">Maryam Nabati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmood%20Moosazadeh"> Mahmood Moosazadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Soroosh"> Ehsan Soroosh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanieh%20Shiraj"> Hanieh Shiraj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahnaneh%20Gholami"> Mahnaneh Gholami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Ghaemian"> Ali Ghaemian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Reported effects of obesity on the extent of angiographic coronary artery disease(CAD) have beeninconsistent. The present study aimed to investigate the relationships between the indices of obesity and otheranthropometric markers with the extent of CAD. Methods: This study was conducted on 1008 consecutive patients who underwent coronary angiography. Bodymass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) wereseparately calculated for each patient. Extent, severity, and complexity of CAD were determined by the Gensini andSYNTAX scores. Results: According to the results, there was a significant inverse correlation between the SYNTAX score with BMI(r = − 0.110; P < 0.001), WC (r = − 0.074; P = 0.018), and WHtR (r = − 0.089; P = 0.005). Furthermore, a significant inversecorrelation was observed between the Gensini score with BMI (r = − 0.090; P = 0.004) and WHtR (r = − 0.065; P =0.041). However, the results of multivariate linear regression analysis did not show any association between theSYNTAX and Gensini scores with the indices of obesity and overweight. On the other hand, the patients with anunhealthy WC had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) (P = 0.004) and hypertension (HTN) (P < 0.001) compared to the patients with healthy values. Coexistence of HTN and DM was more prevalent in subjects with anunhealthy WC and WHR compared to that in those with healthy values (P = 0.002 and P = 0.032, respectively). Conclusion: It seems that the anthropometric indices of obesity are not the predictors of the angiographic severityof CAD. However, they are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular risk factors and higher risk profile. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20mass%20index" title="body mass index">body mass index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BMI" title=" BMI"> BMI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coronary%20artery%20disease" title=" coronary artery disease"> coronary artery disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waist%20circumference" title=" waist circumference"> waist circumference</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150561/correlation-between-overweightness-and-the-extent-of-coronary-atherosclerosis-among-the-south-caspian-population" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150561.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Effective Photodegradation of Tetracycline by a Heteropoly Acid/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Based on Uio-66</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anasheh%20Maridiroosi">Anasheh Maridiroosi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Reza%20Mahjoub"> Ali Reza Mahjoub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanieh%20Fakhri"> Hanieh Fakhri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heteropoly acid nanoparticles anchored on graphene oxide based on UiO-66 were synthesized via in-situ growth hydrothermal method and tested for photodegradation of a tetracycline as critical pollutant. Results showed that presence of graphene oxide and UiO-66 with high specific surface area, great electron mobility and various functional groups make an excellent support for heteropoly acid and improve photocatalytic efficiency up to 95% for tetracycline. Furthermore, total organic carbon (TOC) analysis verified 79% mineralization of this pollutant under optimum condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heteropoly%20acid" title="heteropoly acid">heteropoly acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene%20oxide" title=" graphene oxide"> graphene oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MOF" title=" MOF"> MOF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tetracycline" title=" tetracycline"> tetracycline</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115134/effective-photodegradation-of-tetracycline-by-a-heteropoly-acidgraphene-oxide-nanocomposite-based-on-uio-66" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115134.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Screening of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria from Bangladeshi Indigenous Poultry for Their Potential Use as Probiotics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20B.%20M.%20Islam">K. B. M. Islam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syeeda%20Shiraj-Um-Mahmuda"> Syeeda Shiraj-Um-Mahmuda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afroj%20Jahan"> Afroj Jahan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Bhuiyan"> A. A. Bhuiyan </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Bangladesh, the use of imported probiotics in poultry is gradually being increased. But surprisingly, no probiotic bacteria have been isolated yet in Bangladesh despite the existence of scavenging native poultry as potential source that is seemingly more resistant to GIT infection as well as other diseases. Therefore, the study was undertaken to isolate, identify and characterize the potential probiotic Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria strains from Bangladeshi indigenous poultry, and to evaluate their suitability to use in poultry industry. Crop and cecal samples from 61 healthy indigenous birds were used to isolate potential probiotics strains following conventional cultural methods. A total of 216 isolates were identified following physical, biochemical and molecular methods that belonged to the genus Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria. An auto-aggregation test was performed for 180 and 136 isolated lactobacilli and bifidobacteria strains, respectively. Twelve lactobacilli isolates and 7 bifidobacteria isolates were selected because of their convenient aggregation. In vitro tests including antibacterial activity, resistance to low pH, hemolytic activities etc. were performed for evaluation of probiotic potential of each strain. Under the in vitro conditions and with respects to the probiotic traits, three lactobacilli; LS16, LS45, LS133 and two bifidobacteria, BS21 and BS90 were found to be potential probiotic strains. Thus, they are proposed to be evaluated for their in vivo probiotic properties. If the proposed strains are found suitable as the probiotics to be used in commercial poultry industry, it is expected that the local probiotics would be more beneficial and would save the huge amount of money that Bangladesh spends every year for the importation of such materials from abroad. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bangladeshi%20poultry" title="Bangladeshi poultry">Bangladeshi poultry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gut%20microbiota" title=" gut microbiota"> gut microbiota</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactic%20acid%20bacteria" title=" lactic acid bacteria"> lactic acid bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scavenging%20chicken" title=" scavenging chicken"> scavenging chicken</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIT%20health" title=" GIT health"> GIT health</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7660/screening-of-lactobacilli-and-bifidobacteria-from-bangladeshi-indigenous-poultry-for-their-potential-use-as-probiotics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7660.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">303</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Software-Defined Networks in Utility Power Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ava%20Salmanpour">Ava Salmanpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanieh%20Saeedi"> Hanieh Saeedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Payam%20Rouhi"> Payam Rouhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elahe%20Hamzeil"> Elahe Hamzeil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shima%20Alimohammadi"> Shima Alimohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siamak%20Hossein%20Khalaj"> Siamak Hossein Khalaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Asadian"> Mohammad Asadian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Software-defined network (SDN) is a network architecture designed to control network using software application in a central manner. This ability enables remote control of the whole network regardless of the network technology. In fact, in this architecture network intelligence is separated from physical infrastructure, it means that required network components can be implemented virtually using software applications. Today, power networks are characterized by a high range of complexity with a large number of intelligent devices, processing both huge amounts of data and important information. Therefore, reliable and secure communication networks are required. SDNs are the best choice to meet this issue. In this paper, SDN networks capabilities and characteristics will be reviewed and different basic controllers will be compared. The importance of using SDNs to escalate efficiency and reliability in utility power networks is going to be discussed and the comparison between the SDN-based power networks and traditional networks will be explained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software-defined%20network" title="software-defined network">software-defined network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SDNs" title=" SDNs"> SDNs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=utility%20network" title=" utility network"> utility network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20flow" title=" open flow"> open flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20and%20electricity" title=" gas and electricity"> gas and electricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=controller" title=" controller"> controller</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155341/software-defined-networks-in-utility-power-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155341.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Distribution of Laurencia caspica, Enteromorpha intestinalis and Cladophora glomerata along the Southern Parts of the Caspian Sea and Their Relation with Environmental Factors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neda%20Mehdipour">Neda Mehdipour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Hasan%20Gerami"> Mohammad Hasan Gerami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Rahnama"> Reza Rahnama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Hamzehpour"> Ali Hamzehpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanieh%20Nemati"> Hanieh Nemati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Laurencia caspica (red macroalgae) Enteromorpha intestinalis and Cladophora glomerata (green macroalgae) are three major macroalgae that grow along the southern coasts of the Caspian Sea. We investigated spatial and temporal variation of these three macroalgal species on hard substrates and their relation with environmental factors in 2014. Sampling was done seasonally from spring to winter 2014 from eight sites. Results indicated that of these three species had heterogeneity distribution along southern parts of the Caspian Sea. In addition, C. glomerata was dominant taxa in all stations and had maximum contribution in dissimilarities between sampling sites. According to BIO-ENV salinity, pH and Silicate were the best subset variables for explaining changes in the abundance over time of the hard-substrates macroalgae fauna under study. However, the position of species in Redundancy Analysis (RDA) plot revealed that L. caspica associated with temperature, E. intestinalis with pH and C. glomerata associated with phosphate and silicate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroalgae" title="macroalgae">macroalgae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution" title=" distribution"> distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20factors" title=" environmental factors"> environmental factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caspian%20Sea" title=" Caspian Sea"> Caspian Sea</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39641/distribution-of-laurencia-caspica-enteromorpha-intestinalis-and-cladophora-glomerata-along-the-southern-parts-of-the-caspian-sea-and-their-relation-with-environmental-factors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39641.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Relay Node Placement for Connectivity Restoration in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Genetic Algorithms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanieh%20Tarbiat%20Khosrowshahi">Hanieh Tarbiat Khosrowshahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Shakeri"> Mojtaba Shakeri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of a set of sensor nodes with limited capability. WSNs may suffer from multiple node failures when they are exposed to harsh environments such as military zones or disaster locations and lose connectivity by getting partitioned into disjoint segments. Relay nodes (RNs) are alternatively introduced to restore connectivity. They cost more than sensors as they benefit from mobility, more power and more transmission range, enforcing a minimum number of them to be used. This paper addresses the problem of RN placement in a multiple disjoint network by developing a genetic algorithm (GA). The problem is reintroduced as the Steiner tree problem (which is known to be an NP-hard problem) by the aim of finding the minimum number of Steiner points where RNs are to be placed for restoring connectivity. An upper bound to the number of RNs is first computed to set up the length of initial chromosomes. The GA algorithm then iteratively reduces the number of RNs and determines their location at the same time. Experimental results indicate that the proposed GA is capable of establishing network connectivity using a reasonable number of RNs compared to the best existing work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=connectivity%20restoration" title="connectivity restoration">connectivity restoration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithms" title=" genetic algorithms"> genetic algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple-node%20failure" title=" multiple-node failure"> multiple-node failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relay%20nodes" title=" relay nodes"> relay nodes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20sensor%20networks" title=" wireless sensor networks"> wireless sensor networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85256/relay-node-placement-for-connectivity-restoration-in-wireless-sensor-networks-using-genetic-algorithms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85256.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> The Study of Solar Activity during Sun Eclipse and Its Relation to Earthquake</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanieh%20Sadat%20Jannesari.%20Rahelehossadat%20Abtahi">Hanieh Sadat Jannesari. Rahelehossadat Abtahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kourosh%20Bamzadeh"> Kourosh Bamzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Nadimi"> Alireza Nadimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The earthquake is one of the most devastating natural hazards, in which hundreds of thousands have lost their lives as a result of it. So far, experts have tried to use precursors to identify the earthquake before it occurs in order to alert and save people, a part of which relates to solar activity and earthquakes. The purpose of this article is to investigate solar activity during the solar eclipse as a precursor to pre-earthquake awareness. Information from this article is derived from the Influences and USGS Daily Data Center. During solar activity, electric interactions between the solar wind and the celestial bodies are formed, and then gravitational lenses are formed. If, during this event, there is also an eclipse, the dispersed waves in space (in accordance with the theory of general relativity of Einstein) in contact with plasma-gravitational lenses in space will move in a straight line toward the earth. In addition to forming the focal point, these gravitational lenses reflect the source image either at their focal length or farther away. The image reflected in the earth by ionized particles in the form of energy transmission lines can cause material collapse and earthquakes. In this study, the correlation between solar winds and the celestial bodies during the solar eclipse is about 76% of the location of large earthquakes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake" title="earthquake">earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma-gravitational%20lens" title=" plasma-gravitational lens"> plasma-gravitational lens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20eclipse" title=" solar eclipse"> solar eclipse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20spots" title=" solar spots"> solar spots</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190332/the-study-of-solar-activity-during-sun-eclipse-and-its-relation-to-earthquake" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190332.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">26</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> A Review of Sustainable Energy-Saving Solutions in Active and Passive Solar Systems of Zero Energy Buildings Based on the Internet of Things</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanieh%20Sadat%20Jannesari">Hanieh Sadat Jannesari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoori%20Jannesar"> Hoori Jannesar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Hajian%20HosseinAbadi"> Alireza Hajian HosseinAbadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In general, buildings are responsible for a considerable share of consumed energy and carbon emissions worldwide and play a significant role in formulating sustainable development strategies. Therefore, a lot of effort is put into the design and construction of zero-energy buildings (ZEBs) to help eliminate the problems associated with the reduction of energy resources and environmental degradation. Two strategies are significant in designing ZEBs: minimizing the need for energy utilization in buildings (particularly for cooling and heating) through highly energy-efficient designs and using renewable energies and other technologies to meet the remaining energy needs. This paper reviews the works related to these two strategies concerning sustainable energy-saving solutions using renewable energy technologies and the Internet of Things in ZEBs. Drawing on the theories and recently implemented projects of energy engineers in ZEBs, we have reported the required technologies within the framework of this paper’s objectives. Overall, solutions based on renewable and sustainable technologies such as photovoltaic (PV) modules, thermal collectors, Phase Change Material (PCM) techniques, etc., are used in active and passive systems designed for various applications in such buildings as cooling, heating, lighting, cooking, etc. The results obtained from examining these projects show that it is possible to minimize the amount of energy required to be produced for and consumed by these buildings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20and%20passive%20renewable%20energy%20systems" title="active and passive renewable energy systems">active and passive renewable energy systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet%20of%20things" title=" internet of things"> internet of things</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storage" title=" storage"> storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero%20energy%20buildings" title=" zero energy buildings"> zero energy buildings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188935/a-review-of-sustainable-energy-saving-solutions-in-active-and-passive-solar-systems-of-zero-energy-buildings-based-on-the-internet-of-things" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188935.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">29</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Impacts of Opium Addiction on Patterns of Angiographic Findings in Patients with Coronary Artery Syndrome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Abdiardekani">Alireza Abdiardekani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Salimi"> Maryam Salimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shirin%20Sarejloo"> Shirin Sarejloo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Bazrafshan"> Mehdi Bazrafshan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Askarinejad"> Amir Askarinejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amirhossein%20Salimi"> Amirhossein Salimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanieh%20Bazrafshan"> Hanieh Bazrafshan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salar%20Javanshir"> Salar Javanshir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Armin%20Attar"> Armin Attar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shokoufeh%20Khanzadeh"> Shokoufeh Khanzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Esmaeili"> Mohsen Esmaeili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Bazrafshan%20Drissi"> Hamed Bazrafshan Drissi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Opium, after tobacco, is the most abused substance in the Middle East. The effects of opium use on coronary artery disease are indeed unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between opium use and angiographic findings in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) diagnosis at Al-Zahra Heart Hospital, Shiraz, Iran. Methods: In this case-control study, 170 patients admitted for coronary angiography were enrolled from 2019 to 2020. They were categorized into two groups based on their history: "non-opium" and "opium." SPSS (Version 26) was used to investigate the correlation between opioid addiction and the severity of coronary artery disease. Results: The results of our study reveal that the mean age of the participants was 61.63±9.07. This study indicated that 49 (28.82%) patients were female, and 121 (71.17%) were male. Our findings revealed that three-vessel disease was more frequent in non-opium (40; 47.05%) and opium (45; 52.94%) groups. There was a significant correlation between the severity of the second diagonal artery(D2) and right coronary artery(RCA) involvement and opium consumption. There was a strong positive correlation between the location of the vascular lesion in the left circumflex artery and opium consumption. Conclusion: Opium, as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, can have specific effects on angiographic findings in patients with coronary artery disease. Public health officials and politicians should arrange several programs to increase the general population’s consciousness about opioid use and its consequences. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20coronary%20syndrome" title="acute coronary syndrome">acute coronary syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=opium" title=" opium"> opium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coronary%20artery%20disease" title=" coronary artery disease"> coronary artery disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angiography" title=" angiography"> angiography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154519/impacts-of-opium-addiction-on-patterns-of-angiographic-findings-in-patients-with-coronary-artery-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154519.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Combined Aerobic-Resistance Exercise Training and Broccoli Supplementation on Plasma Decitin-1 and Insulin Resistance in Men with Type 2 Diabetes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Soltani">Mohammad Soltani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayoub%20%20Saeidi"> Ayoub Saeidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikoo%20%20Khosravi"> Nikoo Khosravi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanieh%20%20Nohbaradar"> Hanieh Nohbaradar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyedeh%20Parya%20%20Barzanjeh"> Seyedeh Parya Barzanjeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassane%20Zouhal"> Hassane Zouhal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Exercise training and herbs supplement represent have role in the treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, it is unclear combined effects of exercise training and herbs supplements on diabetic risk markers. This study aimed to determine the effect of 12 weeks of combined exercise and broccoli supplementation on decitin-1 and insulin resistance in men with type 2 diabetes. Forty-four type 2 diabetes men (age, 48.52 ± 4.36) were randomly allocated to training -supplement (TS, n = 11), training- placebo (TP, n = 11), supplement (S, n = 11) and control- placebo (CP, n = 11) groups. The combined exercise program included 12 weeks, three sessions per week, that each session contained 45 minutes of resistance training with intensity 60-70% of one maximal repetition and 30 minutes aerobic training (running) with intensity 60-70% of maximum heart rate. In addition supplement groups consumed 10 grams of Broccoli per day for 12 weeks. Plasma Decitin-1, HOMA-IR, Insulin, glucose and body composition were assessed before and after training. Plasma Dectin-1, HOMA-IR, glucose and BMI significantly decreased in TS, TP and S groups compared with CP group (P < .05). In addition Insulin and skeletal muscles mass showed significant increase in TS and TP groups compared with S and CP groups (P < .05). It is concluded that both combined exercise training (aerobic-resistance) or broccoli supplement can improve plasma Decitin-1 and insulin resistance in two diabetic patients however combine of exercise training and broccoli supplement have more effective on these markers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broccoli%20supplements" title="broccoli supplements">broccoli supplements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combined%20training" title=" combined training"> combined training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decitin-1" title=" decitin-1"> decitin-1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin%20resistance" title=" insulin resistance"> insulin resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=type%202%20diabetes" title=" type 2 diabetes"> type 2 diabetes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123998/combined-aerobic-resistance-exercise-training-and-broccoli-supplementation-on-plasma-decitin-1-and-insulin-resistance-in-men-with-type-2-diabetes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Comparing the Efficacy of Minimally Supervised Home-Based and Closely Supervised Gym Based Exercise Programs on Weight Reduction and Insulin Resistance after Bariatric Surgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haleh%20Dadgostar">Haleh Dadgostar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Kaviani"> Sara Kaviani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanieh%20Adib"> Hanieh Adib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Mazaherinezhad"> Ali Mazaherinezhad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoud%20Solaymani-Dodaran"> Masoud Solaymani-Dodaran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahimeh%20Soheilipour"> Fahimeh Soheilipour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdolreza%20Pazouki"> Abdolreza Pazouki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Objectives: Effectiveness of various exercise protocols in weight reduction after bariatric surgery has not been sufficiently explored in the literature. We compared the effect of minimally supervised home-based and closely supervised Gym based exercise programs on weight reduction and insulin resistance after bariatric surgery. Methods: Women undergoing gastric bypass surgery were invited to participate in an exercise program and were randomly allocated into two groups. They were either offered a minimally supervised home-based (MSHB) or closely supervised Gym-based (CSGB) exercise program. The CSGB protocol constitute two sessions per week of training under ACSM guidelines. In the MSHB protocol participants received a notebook containing a list of recommended aerobic and resistance exercises, a log to record their activity and a schedule of follow up phone calls and clinic visits. Both groups received a pedometer. We measured their weight, BMI, lipid profile, FBS, and insulin level at the baseline and after 20 weeks of exercise and were compared at the end of the study. Results: A total of 80 patients completed our study (MSHB=38 and CSGB=42). The baseline comparison showed that the two groups are similar. Using the ANCOVA method of analysis the mean change in BMI (covariate: BMI at the beginning of the study) was slightly better in CSGB compared with the MSHB (between-group mean difference: 3.33 (95%CI 4.718 to 1.943, F: 22.844 p < 0.001)). Conclusion: Our results showed that both MSHB and CSGB exercise methods are somewhat equally effective in improvement of studied factors in the two groups. With considerably lower costs of Minimally Supervised Home Based exercise programs, these methods should be considered when adequate funding are not available. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postoperative%20exercise" title="postoperative exercise">postoperative exercise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin%20resistance" title=" insulin resistance"> insulin resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bariatric%20surgery" title=" bariatric surgery"> bariatric surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morbid%20obesity" title=" morbid obesity"> morbid obesity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69923/comparing-the-efficacy-of-minimally-supervised-home-based-and-closely-supervised-gym-based-exercise-programs-on-weight-reduction-and-insulin-resistance-after-bariatric-surgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69923.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Broccoli Sprouts Powder Could Improve Metabolic and Liver Disorder-Induced by High-Fructose Corn Syrup</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Bahadoran">Zahra Bahadoran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parvin%20Mirmiran"> Parvin Mirmiran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanieh-Sadat%20Ejtahed"> Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Tohidi"> Maryam Tohidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fereidoun%20Azizi"> Fereidoun Azizi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Aim: Broccoli sprouts, rich source of bioactive compounds specially sulforaphane (SFN), have unique functional properties. This study was conducted to investigate the possible treatment effects of high-SFN broccoli sprouts powder on metabolic and liver disorders in rats fed with high-fructose corn syrup. Methods: Thirty-two male wistar rats, pretreated with an eight-week high-fructose diet (water containing 30% fructose), were randomly allocated into three groups: Baseline control (BC), control (C) (normal diet), and BSP-diet (normal diet+5% BSP). The duration of the study was 6 weeks. Biochemical measurements, liver weight and triglyceride content were evaluated and histopathological examination of liver was performed. Results: After 6-weeks, the liver weight was significantly lower in BSP group compared to controls (13.4 g vs. 11.4 g, P<0.05). After 6 weeks, a significant decrease was observed in fasting serum glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in both experimental groups (P<0.05). Compared to controls, serum levels of HDL-C were significantly higher in BSP group. The liver TG content in BSP compared to control group was lower (14.6 vs. 16.4 mg/mg tissue). The hepatic levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and γ-glutamyl transferase had not considerable changes in the groups after the intervention period but the level of alkaline phosphatase significantly decreased in BSP group (P<0.05). The histopathological examination of liver confirmed a decrease lobular and portal inflammation and ballooning in BSP group compared to control. Conclusion: High-SFN broccoli sprouts powder has beneficials effect on metabolic and liver changes-induced by high fructose corn syrup. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broccoli%20sprouts" title="broccoli sprouts">broccoli sprouts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolic%20disorders" title=" metabolic disorders"> metabolic disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatty%20liver" title=" fatty liver"> fatty liver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20science" title=" food science"> food science</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21550/broccoli-sprouts-powder-could-improve-metabolic-and-liver-disorder-induced-by-high-fructose-corn-syrup" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21550.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Cerebral Pulsatility Mediates the Link Between Physical Activity and Executive Functions in Older Adults with Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Longitudinal NIRS Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanieh%20Mohammadi">Hanieh Mohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Fraser"> Sarah Fraser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anil%20Nigam"> Anil Nigam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frederic%20%20Lesage"> Frederic Lesage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Louis%20Bherer"> Louis Bherer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A chronically higher cerebral pulsatility is thought to damage cerebral microcirculation, leading to cognitive decline in older adults. Although it is widely known that regular physical activity is linked to improvement in some cognitive domains, including executive functions, the mediating role of cerebral pulsatility on this link remains to be elucidated. This study assessed the impact of 6 months of regular physical activity upon changes in an optical index of cerebral pulsatility and the role of physical activity for the improvement of executive functions. 27 older adults (aged 57-79, 66.7% women) with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) were enrolled in the study. The participants completed the behavioral Stroop test, which was extracted from the Delis-Kaplan executive functions system battery at baseline (T0) and after 6 months (T6) of physical activity. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was applied for an innovative approach to indexing cerebral pulsatility in the brain microcirculation at T0 and T6. The participants were at standing rest while a NIRS device recorded hemodynamics data from frontal and motor cortex subregions at T0 and T6. The cerebral pulsatility index of interest was cerebral pulse amplitude, which was extracted from the pulsatile component of NIRS data. Our data indicated that 6 months of physical activity was associated with a reduction in the response time for the executive functions, including inhibition (T0: 56.33± 18.2 to T6: 53.33± 15.7,p= 0.038)and Switching(T0: 63.05± 5.68 to T6: 57.96 ±7.19,p< 0.001) conditions of the Stroop test. Also, physical activity was associated with a reduction in cerebral pulse amplitude (T0: 0.62± 0.05 to T6: 0.55± 0.08, p < 0.001). Notably, cerebral pulse amplitude was a significant mediator of the link between physical activity and response to the Stroop test for both inhibition (β=0.33 (0.61,0.23),p< 0.05)and switching (β=0.42 (0.69,0.11),p <0.01) conditions. This study suggests that regular physical activity may support cognitive functions through the improvement of cerebral pulsatility in older adults with CVRF. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=near-infrared%20spectroscopy" title="near-infrared spectroscopy">near-infrared spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20pulsatility" title=" cerebral pulsatility"> cerebral pulsatility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20activity" title=" physical activity"> physical activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiovascular%20risk%20factors" title=" cardiovascular risk factors"> cardiovascular risk factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20functions" title=" executive functions"> executive functions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138094/cerebral-pulsatility-mediates-the-link-between-physical-activity-and-executive-functions-in-older-adults-with-cardiovascular-risk-factors-a-longitudinal-nirs-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138094.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">195</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Comparison of the Dose Reached to the Rectum and Bladder in Two Treatment Methods by Tandem and Ovoid and Tandem and Ring in the High Dose Rate Brachytherapy of Cervical Cancer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akbar%20Haghzadeh%20Saraskanroud">Akbar Haghzadeh Saraskanroud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Hossein%20Yahyavi%20Zanjani"> Amir Hossein Yahyavi Zanjani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niloofar%20Kargar"> Niloofar Kargar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanieh%20Ahrabi"> Hanieh Ahrabi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cervical cancer refers to an unusual growth of cells in the cervix. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus, which connects to the vagina. Various risk factors such as human papillomavirus (HPV), having a weakened immune system, smoking or breathing in secondhand smoke, reproductive factors, and obesity play important roles in causing most cervical cancers. When cervical cancer happens, surgery is often the first treatment option to remove it. Other treatments might include chemotherapy and targeted therapy medicines. Radiation therapy with high-energy photon beams also may be used. Sometimes combined treatment, including radiation with low-dose chemotherapy, was applied. Intracavitary brachytherapy is an integral part of radiotherapy for locally advanced gynecologic malignancies such as cervical cancer. In the treatment of cervical cancer, there are different tools for doing brachytherapy. Two combinations of different applicators for this purpose are Tandem and Ovoid and Tandem and Ring. This study evaluated the dose differences between these two methods in the organs at risk of the rectum, sigmoid, and bladder. In this study, the treatment planswere simulated by the Oncentra treatment planning system and Tandem, Ovid, and Rings of different sizes. CT scan images of 23 patients were treated with HDR_BT Elekta Flexitron system were used for this study. Contouring of HR-CTV, rectum and bladder was performed for all patients. Then, the received dose of 0.1 and 0.2cc volumes of organs at risk were obtained and compared for these two methods: T-Ovoid and T-Ring. By doing investigations and dose measurements of points A and B and the volumes specified by ICRU, it seems that when comparing ring and ovoid to tandem and ovoid, the total dose to the rectum was lower by about 11%, and the bladder was 7%. In the case of HR CTV, this comparison showed that this ratio is about 7% better. Figure 1 shows the amount of decrease in rectum dose in the T-Ring method compared to T-Ovoid. Figure 2 indicates the amount of decrease in bladder dose in the T-Ring method compared to T-Ovoid. Finally, figure 3 illustrates the amount of HR-CTV coverage in the T-Ring method compared to the T-Ovoid. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cervical%20cancer" title="cervical cancer">cervical cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brachytherapy" title=" brachytherapy"> brachytherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rectum" title=" rectum"> rectum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tandem%20and%20ovoid" title=" tandem and ovoid"> tandem and ovoid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tandem%20and%20ring." title=" tandem and ring."> tandem and ring.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187948/comparison-of-the-dose-reached-to-the-rectum-and-bladder-in-two-treatment-methods-by-tandem-and-ovoid-and-tandem-and-ring-in-the-high-dose-rate-brachytherapy-of-cervical-cancer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187948.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">43</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> A Brief Review on the Relationship between Pain and Sociology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanieh%20Sakha">Hanieh Sakha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nader%20Nader"> Nader Nader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haleh%20Farzin"> Haleh Farzin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Throughout history, pain theories have been supposed by biomedicine, especially regarding its diagnosis and treatment aspects. Therefore, the feeling of pain is not only a personal experience and is affected by social background; therefore, it involves extensive systems of signals. The challenges in emotional and sentimental dimensions of pain originate from scientific medicine (i.e., the dominant theory is also referred to as the specificity theory); however, this theory has accepted some alterations by emerging physiology. Then, Von Frey suggested the theory of cutaneous senses (i.e., Muller’s concept: the common sensation of combined four major skin receptors leading to a proper sensation) 50 years after the specificity theory. The pain pathway was composed of spinothalamic tracts and thalamus with an inhibitory effect on the cortex. Pain is referred to as a series of unique experiences with various reasons and qualities. Despite the gate control theory, the biological aspect overcomes the social aspect. Vrancken provided a more extensive definition of pain and found five approaches: Somatico-technical, dualistic body-oriented, behaviorist, phenomenological, and consciousness approaches. The Western model combined physical, emotional, and existential aspects of the human body. On the other hand, Kotarba felt confused about the basic origins of chronic pain. Freund demonstrated and argued with Durkhemian about the sociological approach to emotions. Lynch provided a piece of evidence about the correlation between cardiovascular disease and emotionally life-threatening occurrences. Helman supposed a distinction between private and public pain. Conclusion: The consideration of the emotional aspect of pain could lead to effective, emotional, and social responses to pain. On the contrary, the theory of embodiment is based on the sociological view of health and illness. Social epidemiology shows an imbalanced distribution of health, illness, and disability among various social groups. The social support and socio-cultural level can result in several types of pain. It means the status of athletes might define their pain experiences. Gender is one of the important contributing factors affecting the type of pain (i.e., females are more likely to seek health services for pain relief.) Chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) has become a serious public health issue affecting more than 70 million people globally. CNCP is a serious public health issue which is caused by the lack of awareness about chronic pain management among the general population. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pain" title="pain">pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sociology" title=" sociology"> sociology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sociological" title=" sociological"> sociological</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body" title=" body"> body</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168773/a-brief-review-on-the-relationship-between-pain-and-sociology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168773.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>