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role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This article has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Function_key" title="Special:EditPage/Function key">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:Function_key" title="Talk:Function key">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Function_key" title="Special:EditPage/Function key">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Function+key%22">"Function key"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Function+key%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Function+key%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Function+key%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Function+key%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Function+key%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2009</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Example_farm plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may contain <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lists#List_size" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists">excessive</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view#Due_and_undue_weight" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">irrelevant</a> examples</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Function_key&action=edit">improve the article</a> by adding descriptive text and removing <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Example_cruft" title="Wikipedia:Example cruft">less pertinent examples</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2011</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Prose plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Prose" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>is in <a href="/wiki/MOS:LIST" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:LIST">list</a> format but may read better as <a href="/wiki/MOS:PROSE" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:PROSE">prose</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Function_key&action=edit">converting this article</a>, if appropriate. <a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing help</a> is available.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2013</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>function key</b> is a key on a <a href="/wiki/Computer" title="Computer">computer</a> or <a href="/wiki/Computer_terminal" title="Computer terminal">terminal</a> <a href="/wiki/Computer_keyboard" title="Computer keyboard">keyboard</a> that can be programmed to cause the operating system or an application program to perform certain actions, a form of <a href="/wiki/Soft_key" title="Soft key">soft key</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On some keyboards/computers, function keys may have default actions, accessible on power-on. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Qwerty.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Qwerty.svg/500px-Qwerty.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Qwerty.svg/750px-Qwerty.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Qwerty.svg/1000px-Qwerty.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="385"></a><figcaption>A 104-key <a href="/wiki/QWERTY#United_States" title="QWERTY">US English keyboard layout</a> with the function keys in orange</figcaption></figure> <p>Function keys on a terminal may either generate short fixed sequences of characters, often beginning with the escape character (<a href="/wiki/ASCII" title="ASCII">ASCII</a> 27), or the characters they generate may be configured by sending special character sequences to the terminal. On a standard computer keyboard, the function keys may generate a fixed, single byte code, outside the normal ASCII range, which is translated into some other configurable sequence by the keyboard device driver or interpreted directly by the application program. Function keys may have abbreviations or pictographic representations of default actions printed on/besides them, or they may have the more common "F-number" designations. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Schemes_on_various_keyboards"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Schemes on various keyboards</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Action_on_various_programs_and_operating_systems"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Action on various programs and operating systems</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Mac_OS"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Mac OS</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Windows/MS-DOS"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Windows/MS-DOS</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#BIOS/booting"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">BIOS/booting</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Function_key&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flexowriter_2201_keyboard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flexowriter_2201_keyboard.jpg/220px-Flexowriter_2201_keyboard.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="73" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 73px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flexowriter_2201_keyboard.jpg/220px-Flexowriter_2201_keyboard.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="73" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flexowriter_2201_keyboard.jpg/330px-Flexowriter_2201_keyboard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flexowriter_2201_keyboard.jpg/440px-Flexowriter_2201_keyboard.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Flexowriter" class="mw-redirect" title="Flexowriter">Flexowriter</a> keyboard (1968) with 13 function keys on the right</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HP9830A-HP9866.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/HP9830A-HP9866.png/220px-HP9830A-HP9866.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="211" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="820" data-file-height="787"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 211px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/HP9830A-HP9866.png/220px-HP9830A-HP9866.png" data-width="220" data-height="211" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/HP9830A-HP9866.png/330px-HP9830A-HP9866.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/HP9830A-HP9866.png/440px-HP9830A-HP9866.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/HP_9830A" class="mw-redirect" title="HP 9830A">HP 9830A</a> (1972) with 5×2 grid of 10 function keys at top left</figcaption></figure> <p>The Singer/Friden 2201 <a href="/wiki/Flexowriter" class="mw-redirect" title="Flexowriter">Flexowriter</a> Programmatic, introduced in 1965, had a cluster of 13 function keys, labeled F1 to F13 to the right of the main keyboard. Although the Flexowriter could be used as a <a href="/wiki/Computer_terminal" title="Computer terminal">computer terminal</a>, this <a href="/wiki/Electromechanical_typewriter" class="mw-redirect" title="Electromechanical typewriter">electromechanical typewriter</a> was primarily intended as a stand-alone <a href="/wiki/Word_processing" class="mw-redirect" title="Word processing">word processing</a> system. The interpretation of the function keys was determined by the programming of a <a href="/wiki/Plugboard" title="Plugboard">plugboard</a> inside the back of the machine.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Soft_key" title="Soft key">Soft keys</a> date to avionics <a href="/wiki/Multi-function_display" title="Multi-function display">multi-function displays</a> of military planes of the late 1960s/early 1970s, such as the Mark II avionics of the <a href="/wiki/F-111D" class="mw-redirect" title="F-111D">F-111D</a> (first ordered 1967, delivered 1970–1973).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In computing use, they were found on the <a href="/wiki/HP_9810A" class="mw-redirect" title="HP 9810A">HP 9810A</a> calculator (1971) and later models of the <a href="/wiki/HP_9800_series" title="HP 9800 series">HP 9800 series</a>, which featured 10 programmable keys in 5×2 block (2 rows of 5 keys) at the top left of the keyboard, with paper labels.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="/wiki/HP_9830A" class="mw-redirect" title="HP 9830A">HP 9830A</a> (1972) was an early desktop computer, and one of the earliest specifically computing uses.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> HP continued its use of function keys in the <a href="/wiki/HP_2640" title="HP 2640">HP 2640</a> (1975), which used <a href="/wiki/Screen-labeled_function_keys" class="mw-redirect" title="Screen-labeled function keys">screen-labeled function keys</a>, placing the keys close to the screen, where labels could be displayed for their function. </p><p><a href="/wiki/NEC" title="NEC">NEC</a>'s <a href="/wiki/PC-8000_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="PC-8000 Series">PC-8001</a>, introduced in 1979, featured five function keys at the top of the keyboard, along with a numeric keypad on the right-hand side of the keyboard.<sup id="cite_ref-pc8001_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pc8001-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pc8800atari_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pc8800atari-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Their modern use may have been popularized by IBM keyboards:<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> first the IBM 3270 terminals, then the <a href="/wiki/IBM_PC" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM PC">IBM PC</a>. IBM use of function keys dates to the <a href="/wiki/IBM_3270" title="IBM 3270">IBM 3270</a> line of terminals,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> specifically the <a href="/wiki/IBM_3270#3277" title="IBM 3270">IBM 3277</a> (1972) with 78-key typewriter keyboard or operator console keyboard version, which both featured 12 <i>programmed function</i> (PF) keys in a 3×4 matrix at the right of the keyboard. Later models replaced this with a <a href="/wiki/Numeric_keypad" title="Numeric keypad">numeric keypad</a>, and moved the function keys to 24 keys at the top of the keyboard. The original IBM PC keyboard (<a href="/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer_XT" title="IBM Personal Computer XT">PC/XT</a>, 1981) had 10 <i>function keys</i> (F1–F10) in a 2×5 matrix at the left of the keyboard; this was replaced by 12 keys in 3 blocks of 4 at the top of the keyboard in the <a href="/wiki/Model_M_keyboard" title="Model M keyboard">Model M</a> ("Enhanced", 1984).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Schemes_on_various_keyboards">Schemes on various keyboards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Function_key&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Schemes on various keyboards" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mac_(computer)" title="Mac (computer)">Mac</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Classic_Mac_OS" title="Classic Mac OS">classic Mac OS</a> supported system extensions known generally as FKEYS which could be installed in the System file and could be accessed with a <a href="/wiki/Command_key" title="Command key">Command</a>-Shift-(number) keystroke combination (Command-Shift-3 was the <a href="/wiki/Screenshot" title="Screenshot">screen capture</a> function included with the system, and was installed as an FKEY); however, early Macintosh keyboards did not support numbered function keys in the normal sense. Since the introduction of the <a href="/wiki/Apple_Extended_Keyboard" title="Apple Extended Keyboard">Apple Extended Keyboard</a> with the Macintosh II, however, keyboards with function keys have been available, though they did not become standard until the mid-1990s. They have not traditionally been a major part of the Mac user interface, however, and are generally only used on cross-platform programs. According to the <a href="/wiki/Human_interface_guidelines" title="Human interface guidelines">Macintosh Human Interface Guidelines</a>, they are reserved for customization by the user. Current Mac keyboards include specialized function keys for controlling sound volume. The most recent Mac keyboards include 19 function keys, but keys F1–F4 and F7–F12 by default control features such as volume, media control, and <a href="/wiki/Mission_Control_(macOS)" title="Mission Control (macOS)">Exposé</a>. Former keyboards and Apple Keyboard with numeric keypad has the F1–F19 keys.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_(computer)" title="Mac (computer)">Mac</a> laptops: Function keys were not standard on Apple notebook hardware until the introduction of the PowerBook 5300 and the PowerBook 190. For the most part, Mac laptops have keys F1 through F12, with pre-defined actions for some, including controlling sound volume and screen brightness.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apricot_PC" title="Apricot PC">Apricot PC/Xi</a>: six unlabelled keys, each with an <a href="/wiki/Light-emitting_diode" title="Light-emitting diode">LED</a> beside it which illuminates when the key can be used; above the keys is a <a href="/wiki/Liquid_crystal_display" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquid crystal display">liquid crystal display</a>—the 'microscreen'—that is used by programs to display the action performed by the key.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_8-bit_computers" title="Atari 8-bit computers">Atari 8-bit computers</a>: four dedicated keys (Reset, Option, Select, Start) at the right hand side or on the top of the keyboard; the XL models also had a <a href="/wiki/Help_key" title="Help key">Help key</a>. Atari 1200XL has four additional keys labeled F1 through F4 with pre-defined actions, mainly related to cursor movement.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_ST" title="Atari ST">Atari ST</a>: ten <a href="/wiki/Parallelogram" title="Parallelogram">parallelogram</a>-shaped keys in a horizontal row across the top of the keyboard, inset into the keyboard frame instead of popping up like normal keys.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Micro" title="BBC Micro">BBC Micro</a>: red/orange keys <i>F<small>0</small></i> to <i>F<small>9</small></i> in a horizontal row above the number keys on top of the computer/keyboard. The break, arrow, and copy keys could function as F10–F15. The case included a transparent plastic strip above them to hold a function key reference card.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coleco_Adam" title="Coleco Adam">Coleco Adam</a>: six dark brown keys in a horizontal row above the number keys, labeled with Roman numerals I–VI.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIC-20" title="VIC-20">VIC-20</a> and <a href="/wiki/Commodore_64" title="Commodore 64">Commodore 64</a>: F1/F2 to F7/F8 in a vertical row of four keys descending on the computer/keyboard's right hand side, odd-numbered functions accessed unshifted, even-numbered shifted; orange, beige/brown, or grey key color, depending on VIC/64 model/revision.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodore_128" title="Commodore 128">Commodore 128</a>: essentially same as VIC-20/C64, but with (grey) function keys placed in a horizontal row above the numeric keypad right of the main QWERTY-keyboard; also had <a href="/wiki/Help_key" title="Help key">Help key</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amiga" title="Amiga">Commodore Amiga</a>: ten keys arranged in a row of two five-key groups across the top of the keyboard (flush with the ordinary keyboard top row); function keys are 1½ times the width of ordinary keys. Like the Commodore 128, this also had a <a href="/wiki/Help_key" title="Help key">Help key</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphing_calculator" title="Graphing calculator">Graphing calculators</a>, particularly those from <a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments" title="Texas Instruments">Texas Instruments</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hewlett-Packard" title="Hewlett-Packard">Hewlett-Packard</a> and <a href="/wiki/Casio" title="Casio">Casio</a>, usually include a row of function keys with various preassigned functions (on a standard hand-held calculator, these would be the top row of buttons under the screen). On low-end models such as the <a href="/wiki/TI-83" class="mw-redirect" title="TI-83">TI-83</a>-series, these function mainly as an extension of the main keyboard, but on high-end calculators the functions change with the mode, sometimes acting as menu navigation keys as well.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_2640" title="HP 2640">HP 2640</a> series terminals (1975): first known instance—late 1970s—of <a href="/wiki/Soft_key" title="Soft key">screen-labeled function keys</a> (where keys are placed in proximity or mapped to labels on CRT or LCD screen).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_9830" class="mw-redirect" title="HP 9830">HP 9830</a>: F1–F8 on two rows of four in upper left with paper template label. An early use of function keys (1972).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_3270" title="IBM 3270">IBM 3270</a>: probably the origin of function keys on keyboards, circa 1972.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> On this mainframe keyboard early models had 12 function keys in a 3×4 matrix at the right of the keyboard; later that changed to a numeric keypad, and the function keys moved to the top of the keyboard, and increased to 24 keys in two rows.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IBM_3486_terminal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/IBM_3486_terminal.jpg/220px-IBM_3486_terminal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="505"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 174px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/IBM_3486_terminal.jpg/220px-IBM_3486_terminal.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="174" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/IBM_3486_terminal.jpg/330px-IBM_3486_terminal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/IBM_3486_terminal.jpg/440px-IBM_3486_terminal.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Keyboard with 24 function keys</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_5250" title="IBM 5250">IBM 5250</a>: early models frequently had a "cmd" modifier key, by which the numeric row keys emulate function keys; later models have either 12 function keys in groups of 4 (with shifted keys acting as F13–F24), or 24 in two rows. These keys, along with "Enter", "Help", and several others, generate "AID codes", informing the host computer that user-entered data is ready to be read.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PC_keyboard" title="IBM PC keyboard">IBM PC AT and PS/2 keyboard</a>: F1 to F12 usually in three 4-key groups across the top of the keyboard. The original IBM PC and PC XT keyboards had function keys F1 through F10, in two adjacent vertical columns on the left hand side; F1|F2, F3|F4, ..., F9|F10, descending. Some IBM compatible keyboards, e.g., the <a href="/wiki/Northgate_Computers" class="mw-redirect" title="Northgate Computers">Northgate</a> OmniKey/102, also featured function keys on the left, which on examples with swapped left Alt and Caps Lock keys, facilitate fingers of a single hand simultaneously striking modifier key(s) and function keys swiftly and comfortably by touch even by those with small hands. Many modern PC keyboards also include specialized keys for multimedia and operating system functions.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MCK-142_Pro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MCK-142 Pro (page does not exist)">MCK-142 Pro</a>: two sets of function keys: F1–F12 at the left side of the keyboard and additionally 24 user programmable PF keys located above QWERTY keys.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PC-8000_series" title="PC-8000 series">NEC PC-8000 Series</a> (1979): five function keys at the top of the keyboard, along with a numeric keypad on the right-hand side of the keyboard.<sup id="cite_ref-pc8001_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pc8001-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pc8800atari_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pc8800atari-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sharp_MZ-700&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sharp MZ-700 (page does not exist)">Sharp MZ-700</a>: blue keys F1 to F5 in a horizontal row across the top left side of the keyboard, the keys are vertically half the size of ordinary keys and twice the width; there is also a dedicated "slot" for changeable key legend overlays (paper/plastic) above the function key row.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT100" title="VT100">VT100</a> terminals: four function keys (PF1 - PF4) above the <a href="/wiki/Numeric_keypad" title="Numeric keypad">numeric keypad</a>.</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Action_on_various_programs_and_operating_systems">Action on various programs and operating systems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Function_key&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Action on various programs and operating systems" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mac_OS">Mac OS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Function_key&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Mac OS" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Classic_Mac_OS" title="Classic Mac OS">classic Mac OS</a>, the function keys could be configured by the user, with the Function Keys control panel, to start a program or run an <a href="/wiki/AppleScript" title="AppleScript">AppleScript</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a> assigns default functionality to (almost) all the function keys from <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1249182868">.mw-parser-output .keyboard-key{border:1px solid #aaa;border-radius:0.2em;box-shadow:0.1em 0.1em 0.2em rgba(0,0,0,0.1);background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);background-image:linear-gradient(to bottom,var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0),var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa),var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0));color:var(--color-base,#202122);padding:0.1em 0.3em;font-family:inherit;font-size:0.85em}</style><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F1</kbd> to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F12</kbd>, but the actions assigned by default to these function keys have changed a couple of times over the history of Mac products and corresponding <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">Mac OS X</a> versions<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Wikipedia_and_sources_that_mirror_or_use_it" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This claim cites another Wikipedia article. Articles need references to reliable third-party sources. (November 2019)">circular reference</span></a></i>]</sup>. As a consequence, the labels on Macintosh keyboards have changed over time to reflect the newer mappings of later Mac OS X versions: for instance, on a 2006 MacBook Pro, functions keys <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F3</kbd>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F4</kbd> and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F5</kbd> are labelled for volume down/volume up, whereas on later MacBook Pros (starting with the 2007 model), the volume controls are located on function keys <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F10</kbd> to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F12</kbd> where they are <a href="/wiki/Apple_Keyboard#Usage_of_function_keys" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Keyboard">mapped to various functions</a>. </p><p>Any recent version of Mac OS X or macOS is able to detect which generation of Apple keyboard is being used, and to assign proper default actions corresponding to the labels shown on this Apple keyboard (provided that this keyboard was manufactured <i>before</i> the release of the version of Mac OS X being used). As a result, default mappings are sometimes wrong (i.e., not matching the labels shown on the keyboard) when using a recent USB Apple keyboard on an older version of Mac OS X, which doesn't know about the new function key mapping of this keyboard (e.g., because Mission control and Launchpad didn't exist at that time, the corresponding labels shown on the keyboard can't match the default actions assigned by older versions of Mac OS X, which were Exposé and Dashboard). </p><p>It can be noted that: </p> <ul><li>all function keys have been changed over time, to the exception of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F1</kbd> and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F2</kbd> who have always been mapped to brightness control.</li> <li>all Apple laptops after 2007 are missing any <a href="/wiki/Num_Lock" title="Num Lock">Num Lock</a> key, even if they lack a keypad (the Num Lock was previously located on the <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F6</kbd> key on older Apple laptops).</li> <li>the special key for ejection of disks (which was located at the right of the <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F12</kbd> key on older Apple keyboards) has been removed from Apple computers since they don't have an internal optical disk drive any more, to the exception of the MacBook Air 2010, which had disk ejection labelled on its <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F12</kbd> key (for use in combination with an external USB SuperDrive).</li> <li>function keys <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F13</kbd> to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F19</kbd> have no labels; they were only available on full keyboards of fixed Apple computers (iMac, Mac Pro, or Mac Mini). All laptop computers have always lacked these extra keys, as well as any recent fixed Apple computer equipped with wireless Apple keyboard.</li> <li>function key <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F11</kbd> is mapped to show desktop (Mission Control shortcut) and function keys <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F14</kbd> and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F15</kbd> are mapped by default to decrease/increase contrast (although nothing is labelled on these keys on Macintosh keyboards).</li> <li>on <a href="/wiki/Boot_Camp_(software)" title="Boot Camp (software)">Boot Camp</a>, function keys <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F13</kbd> to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F15</kbd> are mapped to the corresponding IBM PC keys (which are located on the same place of the keyboard): <a href="/wiki/Print_Screen" title="Print Screen">Print Screen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scroll_Lock" title="Scroll Lock">Scroll Lock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pause_key" class="mw-redirect" title="Pause key">Pause key</a></li> <li>on all versions of Mac OS X or macOS, software functions can be used by holding down the <a href="/wiki/Fn_key" title="Fn key">Fn key</a> while pressing the appropriate function key, and this scheme can be reversed by changing the macOS system preferences.</li> <li>as of 2016, Apple has replaced the individual function keys with the <a href="/wiki/Touch_Bar" class="mw-redirect" title="Touch Bar">touchbar</a> on certain models of MacBook Pro.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Windows/MS-DOS"><span id="Windows.2FMS-DOS"></span>Windows/MS-DOS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Function_key&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Windows/MS-DOS" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Under <a href="/wiki/MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">MS-DOS</a>, individual programs could decide what each function key meant to them, and the <a href="/wiki/Command_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Command line">command line</a> had its own actions. For example, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F3</kbd> copied words from the previous command to the current command prompt. </p><p>Following the <a href="/wiki/IBM_Common_User_Access" title="IBM Common User Access">IBM Common User Access</a> guidelines, the <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F1</kbd> key gradually became universally associated with Help in most early Windows programs. To this day, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Office" title="Microsoft Office">Microsoft Office</a> programs running in Windows list <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F1</kbd> as the key for Help in the Help menu. Internet Explorer in Windows does not list this keystroke in the help menu, but still responds with a help window. </p><p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F3</kbd> is commonly used to activate a search function in applications, often cycling through results on successive presses of the key. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">⇧ Shift</kbd>+<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F3</kbd> is often used to search backwards. Some applications such as <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Visual Studio">Visual Studio</a> support <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Control</kbd>+<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F3</kbd> as a means of searching for the currently highlighted text elsewhere in a document. </p><p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F5</kbd> is also commonly used as a reload key in many <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">web browsers</a> and other applications, while <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F11</kbd> activates the full screen/<a href="/wiki/Kiosk_software" title="Kiosk software">kiosk mode</a> on most browsers. Under the Windows environment, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Alt</kbd>+<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F4</kbd> is commonly used to quit an application; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Ctrl</kbd>+<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F4</kbd> will often close a portion of the application, such as a document or tab. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F10</kbd> generally activates the <a href="/wiki/Menu_bar" title="Menu bar">menu bar</a>, while <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">⇧ Shift</kbd>+<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F10</kbd> activates a <a href="/wiki/Context_menu" title="Context menu">context menu</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F2</kbd> is used in many Windows applications such as Windows Explorer, Excel, <a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio" title="Visual Studio">Visual Studio</a> and other programs to access file or field edit functions, such as renaming a file. </p><p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F4</kbd> is used in some applications to make the window "fullscreen", like in <a href="/wiki/Full_Tilt!_Pinball#3D_Pinball_for_Windows_%E2%80%93_Space_Cadet" title="Full Tilt! Pinball"><i>3D Pinball: Space Cadet</i></a>. In Microsoft IE, it is used to view the URL list of previously viewed websites. </p><p>Other function key assignments common to all Microsoft Office applications are: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F7</kbd> to check spelling, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Alt</kbd>+<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F8</kbd> to call the macros dialog, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Alt</kbd>+<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F11</kbd> to call the Visual Basic Editor and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">⇧ Shift</kbd>+<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Alt</kbd>+<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F11</kbd> to call the Script Editor. In Microsoft Word, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">⇧ Shift</kbd>+<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F1</kbd> reveals formatting. In Microsoft PowerPoint, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F5</kbd> starts the slide show, and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F6</kbd> moves to the next pane. </p><p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">⇧ Shift</kbd>+<kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F9</kbd> exits the MS-DOS Shell if it is running. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Wordperfect#WordPerfect_for_DOS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wordperfect">WordPerfect for DOS</a> is an example of a program that made heavy use of function keys. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_6" title="Internet Explorer 6">Internet Explorer 6</a> and <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_7" title="Internet Explorer 7">Internet Explorer 7</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F12</kbd> opens <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_Developer_Toolbar" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Explorer Developer Toolbar">Internet Explorer Developer Toolbar</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F6</kbd> highlights the <a href="/wiki/URL" title="URL">URL</a> in the address bar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="BIOS/booting"><span id="BIOS.2Fbooting"></span>BIOS/booting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Function_key&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: BIOS/booting" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Function Keys are also heavily used in the <a href="/wiki/BIOS" title="BIOS">BIOS</a> interface. Generally during the <a href="/wiki/Power-on_self-test" title="Power-on self-test">power-on self-test</a>, BIOS access can be gained by hitting either a function key or the <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">Del</kbd> key. In the BIOS keys can have different purposes depending on the BIOS. However, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F10</kbd> is the <a href="/wiki/De_facto_standard" title="De facto standard">de facto standard</a> for save and exit which saves all changes and restarts the system. </p><p>During <a href="/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10">Windows 10</a> startup, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">⇧ Shift</kbd> + <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F8</kbd> is used to enter <a href="/wiki/Safe_mode" title="Safe mode">safe mode</a>; in legacy versions of <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a>, the <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249182868"><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F8</kbd> key was used alone. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Function_key&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keyboard_shortcut" title="Keyboard shortcut">Keyboard shortcut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macro_(computer_science)" title="Macro (computer science)">Macro (computer science)</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Function_key&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/function++key">"Definition of FUNCTION KEY"</a>. <i>www.merriam-webster.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.merriam-webster.com&rft.atitle=Definition+of+FUNCTION+KEY&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Ffunction%2B%2Bkey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunction+key" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The completely new 2201 FLEXOWRITER automatic writing machine by Friden (advertisement), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/Nations-Business-1965-02#page/n74/mode/1up">Nation's Business</a>, Vol. 53, No. 2 (February 1965), pages 75-76.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pc8001-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pc8001_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pc8001_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170404102020/http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=178">"OLD-COMPUTERS.COM : The Museum"</a>. <i>www.old-computers.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=178">the original</a> on 2017-04-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-06-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.old-computers.com&rft.atitle=OLD-COMPUTERS.COM+%3A+The+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.old-computers.com%2Fmuseum%2Fcomputer.asp%3Fc%3D178&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunction+key" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pc8800atari-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pc8800atari_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pc8800atari_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhl" class="citation web cs1">Ahl, David H. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atarimagazines.com/creative/v9n11/28_NEC_PC8800_personal_comp.php">"NEC PC-8800 personal computer system"</a>. <i>www.atarimagazines.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.atarimagazines.com&rft.atitle=NEC+PC-8800+personal+computer+system.&rft.aulast=Ahl&rft.aufirst=David+H.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atarimagazines.com%2Fcreative%2Fv9n11%2F28_NEC_PC8800_personal_comp.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunction+key" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Archived at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/ws1ESoEXdy4">Ghostarchive</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200419123726/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ws1ESoEXdy4&gl=US&hl=en">Wayback Machine</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ws1ESoEXdy4"><i>Ortek MCK-142Pro programmable keyboard review (Alps SKCM White)</i></a>, 17 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-04-23</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ortek+MCK-142Pro+programmable+keyboard+review+%28Alps+SKCM+White%29&rft.date=2018-08-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dws1ESoEXdy4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFunction+key" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Apple_Keyboard" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Keyboard">Apple Keyboard</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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title="Backspace"><area href="/wiki/Tab_key" shape="rect" coords="0,31,45,45" alt="Tab key" title="Tab key"><area href="/wiki/Q" shape="rect" coords="45,31,75,45" alt="Q" title="Q"><area href="/wiki/W" shape="rect" coords="75,31,105,45" alt="W" title="W"><area href="/wiki/E" shape="rect" coords="105,31,135,45" alt="E" title="E"><area href="/wiki/R" shape="rect" coords="135,31,165,45" alt="R" title="R"><area href="/wiki/T" shape="rect" coords="165,31,195,45" alt="T" title="T"><area href="/wiki/Y" shape="rect" coords="195,31,225,45" alt="Y" title="Y"><area href="/wiki/U" shape="rect" coords="225,31,255,45" alt="U" title="U"><area href="/wiki/I" shape="rect" coords="255,31,285,45" alt="I" title="I"><area href="/wiki/O" shape="rect" coords="285,31,315,45" alt="O" title="O"><area href="/wiki/P" shape="rect" coords="315,31,345,45" alt="P" title="P"><area href="/wiki/Curly_bracket" shape="rect" coords="345,31,375,45" alt="Curly bracket" title="Curly bracket"><area href="/wiki/Curly_bracket" shape="rect" coords="375,31,405,45" alt="Curly bracket" title="Curly bracket"><area href="/wiki/Vertical_bar" shape="rect" coords="405,31,450,45" alt="Vertical bar" title="Vertical bar"><area href="/wiki/Tab_key" shape="rect" coords="0,31,45,60" alt="Tab key" title="Tab key"><area href="/wiki/Q" shape="rect" coords="45,31,75,60" alt="Q" title="Q"><area href="/wiki/W" shape="rect" coords="75,31,105,60" alt="W" title="W"><area href="/wiki/E" shape="rect" coords="105,31,135,60" alt="E" title="E"><area href="/wiki/R" shape="rect" coords="135,31,165,60" alt="R" title="R"><area href="/wiki/T" shape="rect" coords="165,31,195,60" alt="T" title="T"><area href="/wiki/Y" shape="rect" coords="195,31,225,60" alt="Y" title="Y"><area href="/wiki/U" shape="rect" coords="225,31,255,60" alt="U" title="U"><area href="/wiki/I" shape="rect" coords="255,31,285,60" alt="I" title="I"><area href="/wiki/O" shape="rect" coords="285,31,315,60" alt="O" title="O"><area href="/wiki/P" shape="rect" coords="315,31,345,60" alt="P" title="P"><area href="/wiki/Square_bracket" shape="rect" coords="345,31,375,60" alt="Square bracket" title="Square bracket"><area href="/wiki/Square_bracket" shape="rect" coords="375,31,405,60" alt="Square bracket" title="Square bracket"><area href="/wiki/Backslash" shape="rect" coords="405,31,450,60" alt="Backslash" title="Backslash"><area href="/wiki/Caps_lock" shape="rect" coords="0,61,53,75" alt="Caps lock" title="Caps lock"><area href="/wiki/A" shape="rect" coords="53,61,83,75" alt="A" title="A"><area href="/wiki/S" shape="rect" coords="83,61,113,75" alt="S" title="S"><area href="/wiki/D" shape="rect" coords="113,61,143,75" alt="D" title="D"><area href="/wiki/F" shape="rect" coords="143,61,173,75" alt="F" title="F"><area href="/wiki/G" shape="rect" coords="173,61,203,75" alt="G" title="G"><area href="/wiki/H" shape="rect" coords="203,61,233,75" alt="H" title="H"><area href="/wiki/J" shape="rect" coords="233,61,263,75" alt="J" title="J"><area href="/wiki/K" shape="rect" coords="263,61,293,75" alt="K" title="K"><area href="/wiki/L" shape="rect" coords="293,61,323,75" alt="L" title="L"><area href="/wiki/Colon_(punctuation)" shape="rect" coords="323,61,353,75" alt="Colon (punctuation)" title="Colon (punctuation)"><area href="/wiki/Quotation_mark" shape="rect" coords="353,61,383,75" alt="Quotation mark" title="Quotation mark"><area href="/wiki/Enter_key" shape="rect" coords="383,61,450,75" alt="Enter key" title="Enter key"><area href="/wiki/Caps_lock" shape="rect" coords="0,61,53,90" alt="Caps lock" title="Caps lock"><area href="/wiki/A" shape="rect" coords="53,61,83,90" alt="A" title="A"><area href="/wiki/S" shape="rect" coords="83,61,113,90" alt="S" title="S"><area href="/wiki/D" shape="rect" coords="113,61,143,90" alt="D" title="D"><area href="/wiki/F" shape="rect" coords="143,61,173,90" alt="F" title="F"><area href="/wiki/G" shape="rect" coords="173,61,203,90" alt="G" title="G"><area href="/wiki/H" shape="rect" coords="203,61,233,90" alt="H" title="H"><area href="/wiki/J" shape="rect" coords="233,61,263,90" alt="J" title="J"><area href="/wiki/K" shape="rect" coords="263,61,293,90" alt="K" title="K"><area href="/wiki/L" shape="rect" coords="293,61,323,90" alt="L" title="L"><area href="/wiki/Semicolon" shape="rect" coords="323,61,353,90" alt="Semicolon" title="Semicolon"><area href="/wiki/Apostrophe" shape="rect" coords="353,61,383,90" alt="Apostrophe" title="Apostrophe"><area href="/wiki/Enter_key" shape="rect" coords="383,61,450,90" alt="Enter key" title="Enter key"><area href="/wiki/Shift_key" shape="rect" coords="0,91,68,105" alt="Shift key" title="Shift key"><area href="/wiki/Z" shape="rect" coords="68,91,98,105" alt="Z" title="Z"><area href="/wiki/X" shape="rect" coords="98,91,128,105" alt="X" title="X"><area href="/wiki/C" shape="rect" coords="128,91,158,105" alt="C" title="C"><area href="/wiki/V" shape="rect" coords="158,91,188,105" alt="V" title="V"><area href="/wiki/B" shape="rect" coords="188,91,218,105" alt="B" title="B"><area href="/wiki/N" shape="rect" coords="218,91,248,105" alt="N" title="N"><area href="/wiki/M" shape="rect" coords="248,91,278,105" alt="M" title="M"><area href="/wiki/Bracket" shape="rect" coords="278,91,308,105" alt="Bracket" title="Bracket"><area href="/wiki/Bracket" shape="rect" coords="308,91,338,105" alt="Bracket" title="Bracket"><area href="/wiki/Question_mark" shape="rect" coords="338,91,368,105" alt="Question mark" title="Question mark"><area href="/wiki/Shift_key" shape="rect" coords="368,91,450,105" alt="Shift key" title="Shift key"><area href="/wiki/Shift_key" shape="rect" coords="0,91,68,120" alt="Shift key" title="Shift key"><area href="/wiki/Z" shape="rect" coords="68,91,98,120" alt="Z" title="Z"><area href="/wiki/X" shape="rect" coords="98,91,128,120" alt="X" title="X"><area href="/wiki/C" shape="rect" coords="128,91,158,120" alt="C" title="C"><area href="/wiki/V" shape="rect" coords="158,91,188,120" alt="V" title="V"><area href="/wiki/B" shape="rect" coords="188,91,218,120" alt="B" title="B"><area href="/wiki/N" shape="rect" coords="218,91,248,120" alt="N" title="N"><area href="/wiki/M" shape="rect" coords="248,91,278,120" alt="M" title="M"><area href="/wiki/Comma_(punctuation)" shape="rect" coords="278,91,308,120" alt="Comma (punctuation)" title="Comma (punctuation)"><area href="/wiki/Full_stop" shape="rect" coords="308,91,338,120" alt="Full stop" title="Full stop"><area href="/wiki/Slash_(punctuation)" shape="rect" coords="338,91,368,120" alt="Slash (punctuation)" title="Slash (punctuation)"><area href="/wiki/Shift_key" shape="rect" coords="368,91,450,120" alt="Shift key" title="Shift key"><area href="/wiki/Control_key" shape="rect" coords="0,121,45,150" alt="Control key" title="Control key"><area href="/wiki/Windows_key" shape="rect" coords="45,121,75,150" alt="Windows key" title="Windows key"><area href="/wiki/Alt_key" shape="rect" coords="75,121,120,150" alt="Alt key" title="Alt key"><area href="/wiki/Space_bar" shape="rect" coords="120,121,300,150" alt="Space bar" title="Space bar"><area href="/wiki/Alt_key" shape="rect" coords="300,121,345,150" alt="Alt key" title="Alt key"><area href="/wiki/File:Windows_logo_-_2021_(Black).svg" shape="rect" coords="345,121,375,150" alt="thumb" title="thumb"><area href="/wiki/Menu_key" shape="rect" coords="375,121,405,150" alt="Menu key" title="Menu key"><area href="/wiki/Control_key" shape="rect" coords="405,121,450,150" alt="Control key" title="Control key"></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td rowspan="5"> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;font-size:75%;background-color:#DADADA"><a href="/wiki/Insert_key" title="Insert key">Insert</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;font-size:75%;background-color:#DADADA"><a href="/wiki/Home_key" title="Home key">Home</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;font-size:75%;background-color:#DADADA"><a href="/wiki/Page_Up_and_Page_Down_keys" title="Page Up and Page Down keys">PgUp</a> </td> <td rowspan="5"> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;font-size:75%;background-color:#DADADA"><a href="/wiki/Num_lock" class="mw-redirect" title="Num lock"><small>Num<br>Lock</small></a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;line-height:2.2em;background-color:#DADADA"><a href="/wiki/Slash_(punctuation)" title="Slash (punctuation)">∕</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;line-height:2.2em;background-color:#DADADA"><a href="/wiki/Asterisk" title="Asterisk">∗</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;line-height:2.2em;background-color:#DADADA"><a href="/wiki/Minus_sign" class="mw-redirect" title="Minus sign">−</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;font-size:75%;background-color:#DADADA"><a href="/wiki/Delete_key" title="Delete key">Delete</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;font-size:75%;background-color:#DADADA"><a href="/wiki/End_key" title="End key">End</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;font-size:75%;background-color:#DADADA"><a href="/wiki/Page_Up_and_Page_Down_keys" title="Page Up and Page Down keys">PgDn</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;line-height:2.2em;"><a href="/wiki/7" title="7">7</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;line-height:2.2em;"><a href="/wiki/8" title="8">8</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;line-height:2.2em;"><a href="/wiki/9" title="9">9</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;background-color:#DADADA"><a href="/wiki/Plus_sign" class="mw-redirect" title="Plus sign">+</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;line-height:2.2em;"><a href="/wiki/4" title="4">4</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;line-height:2.2em;"><a href="/wiki/5" title="5">5</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;line-height:2.2em;"><a href="/wiki/6" title="6">6</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;line-height:2.2em;background-color:#DADADA"><a href="/wiki/Arrow_keys" title="Arrow keys">↑</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;line-height:2.2em;"><a href="/wiki/1" title="1">1</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;line-height:2.2em;"><a href="/wiki/2" title="2">2</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;line-height:2.2em;"><a href="/wiki/3" title="3">3</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;font-size:85%;background-color:#DADADA"><a href="/wiki/Enter_key" title="Enter key"><small>Enter</small></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;line-height:2.2em;background-color:#DADADA;"><a href="/wiki/Arrow_keys" title="Arrow keys">←</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;line-height:2.2em;background-color:#DADADA"><a href="/wiki/Arrow_keys" title="Arrow keys">↓</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;padding:0 .2em;line-height:2.2em;background-color:#DADADA"><a href="/wiki/Arrow_keys" title="Arrow keys">→</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border:1px solid #666;line-height:1em;padding:0 .1em;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/0" title="0">0</a><br> <a href="/wiki/Insert_key" title="Insert key"><small>Ins</small></a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #666;line-height:1.1em;padding:0 .1em;"> <a href="/wiki/Decimal_separator" title="Decimal separator">.</a> <br><a href="/wiki/Delete_key" title="Delete key"><small>Del</small></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Function_key&oldid=1273540265">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Function_key&oldid=1273540265</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Function_key&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Chepry" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1738529807"> <span>Last edited on 2 February 2025, at 20:56</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D9%88%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%A9" title="مفتاح وظيفة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مفتاح وظيفة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funksional_klavi%C5%9Fl%C9%99r" title="Funksional klavişlər – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Funksional klavişlər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecla_de_funci%C3%B3" title="Tecla de funció – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tecla de funció" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_kl%C3%A1vesa" title="Funkční klávesa – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Funkční klávesa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funktionstaste" title="Funktionstaste – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Funktionstaste" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecla_de_funci%C3%B3n" title="Tecla de función – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tecla de función" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9%DB%8C" title="کلید تابعی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کلید تابعی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touches_de_fonction" title="Touches de fonction – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Touches de fonction" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8A%A5_%ED%82%A4" title="기능 키 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="기능 키" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasto_funzione" title="Tasto funzione – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tasto funzione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%A9%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A7%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%94" title="מקשי הפונקציה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מקשי הפונקציה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A5%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ფუნქციონალური კლავიშები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფუნქციონალური კლავიშები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Функционалды пернелер – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Функционалды пернелер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kibonyezo_cha_huduma" title="Kibonyezo cha huduma – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kibonyezo cha huduma" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functietoets" title="Functietoets – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Functietoets" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%BC" title="ファンクションキー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ファンクションキー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klawisz_funkcyjny" title="Klawisz funkcyjny – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Klawisz funkcyjny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecla_de_fun%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Tecla de função – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tecla de função" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B8" title="Функциональные клавиши – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Функциональные клавиши" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funkcijska_tipka" title="Funkcijska tipka – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Funkcijska tipka" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funktionstangent" title="Funktionstangent – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Funktionstangent" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%B9%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80" title="Функцияле төймәләр – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Функцияле төймәләр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%ADm_ch%E1%BB%A9c_n%C4%83ng" title="Phím chức năng – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phím chức năng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E9%94%AE" title="功能键 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="功能键" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 2 February 2025, at 20:56<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> 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