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paragraph--type--m2-intro paragraph--view-mode--default" data-paragraph-id="707996"> <div class="m2-intro__wrapper with-image m2-intro__verticle-alignment-top "> <div class="m2-intro__media-container"> <article> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="remote"> <div><video autoplay="autoplay" loop="loop" muted="muted" width="640" height="480" playsinline="playsinline"> <source src="/sites/default/files/2024-10/nok3102-globe-web-banner-animation-1920xx720px_compressed.mp4" type="video/mp4" /> </video> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="m2-intro__container"> <div class="container"> <div class="nr"> <div class="nc-12"> <div class="m2-intro__container"> <div class="m2-intro__info "> <h1 class="m2-intro__title h48"> Standardization </h1> <div class="m2-intro__body"> <p>We are spearheading global technology <br />standards for a safer, modern world</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pinned-content-region animate-page-load animate-delay-2"> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--block-reference paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div> <div> <div id="block-secnavstandardization" class="paragraph paragraph--type--"> <div class="nokia-subnav__subnav-main-wrapper"> <div class="nokia-subnav__subnav-main-container">  <div class="nokia-subnav__subnav-nokia-logo-wrapper"> <div class="nokia-subnav__subnav-nokia-logo">  <div class="subnav-site-text">Standardization</div> </div> <div class="subnav-mobile-menu-arrow"></div> </div>  <div class="nokia-subnav__subnav-nokia-menu"> <div class="nokia-subnav__subnav-nokia-menu-container"> <ul class="nokia-subnav__subnav-main"> <li class="nokia-subnav__subnav-submenu"> <a href="/standardization/" class="subnav-active">Standardization home</a> </li> <li class="nokia-subnav__subnav-submenu"> <a href="/standardization/ecosystem-and-industry-leadership/" class="">Ecosystem leadership</a> </li> <li class="nokia-subnav__subnav-submenu"> <a href="/standardization/spectrum-policy/" class="">Spectrum policy</a> </li> <li class="nokia-subnav__subnav-submenu"> <a href="/standardization/technology-standards/" class="">Technology standards</a> <div class="subnav-dropdown-wrapper"> <div class="subnav-set-submenu"> <ul class="subnav-subnav-dropdown-submenus"> <li class="nokia-subnav__subnav-submenu"> <a href="/networks/5g/5g-advanced/" class="">5G Advanced</a> </li> <li class="nokia-subnav__subnav-submenu"> <a href="/standardization/technology-standards/o-ran/" class="">Open RAN</a> </li> <li class="nokia-subnav__subnav-submenu"> <a href="/standardization/technology-standards/security/" class="">Security</a> </li> <li class="nokia-subnav__subnav-submenu"> <a href="/standardization/technology-standards/multimedia/" class="">Multimedia</a> </li> <li class="nokia-subnav__subnav-submenu"> <a href="/standardization/technology-standards/devices/" class="">Cellular device ecosystem</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nokia-subnav__subnav-submenu"> <a href="/standardization/intellectual-property-rights-leadership/" class="">Intellectual property rights leadership</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="nokia-subnav__subnav-primary-link"> <div class="subnav-search-wrapper"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-content-region"> <div> <div> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c0-layout-container paragraph--view-mode--default c-fonts"> <div class="c0-container bg-white page-width" > <div class="container"> <div class="nr c0--col-two c0--c3-in--second"> <div class="nc-8"> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c4-simple-text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c06 simple-text "> <div class="simple-text__body"><p>We are the inventors that have unlocked generations of standards from 2G to 5G-Advanced, from ADSL to 50G PON, from MPEG-I to H.266 and from EFR to IVAS codecs. We have been a key player in moving these technologies from ideas into concepts, and from the lab to actual mass-scale and worldwide commercial deployments. Today we are ushering in a new era of rapid acceleration in connectivity that will transform societies, and industries and enrich lives. Looking forward, we are preparing global standards for the next generation in cellular, network technologies, multimedia and devices, with an emphasis on sustainability and security.</p> <p>At Nokia, we create technology that helps the world act together, and defining standards is a key element in doing that.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c1-0-reference-component paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c1-reference container"> <div class="nr"> <article class="c1-reference--reference-item nc-6 "> <div class="c1-reference__media-container "> <picture> <source media="(max-width: 414px)" srcset="/sites/default/files/2024-06/gettyimages-1196947685.jpg?height=215&width=382" width="382" height="215"> <source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcset="/sites/default/files/2024-06/gettyimages-1196947685.jpg?height=413&width=735" width="735" height="413"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/2024-06/gettyimages-1196947685.jpg?height=378&width=672" alt="5G-Advanced: Expand and transform your connected worl" width="672" height="378"> </picture> </div> <a class="-" href="/networks/5g/5g-advanced/" > <h2 class="c1-reference__title title-arrow h24"> Learn more about 5G-Advanced </h2> </a> </article> <article class="c1-reference--reference-item nc-6 "> <div class="c1-reference__media-container "> <picture> <source media="(max-width: 414px)" srcset="/sites/default/files/2022-05/Bell%20labs%20thumbnail.jpg?height=215&width=382" width="382" height="215"> <source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcset="/sites/default/files/2022-05/Bell%20labs%20thumbnail.jpg?height=413&width=735" width="735" height="413"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/2022-05/Bell%20labs%20thumbnail.jpg?height=378&width=672" alt="what is 6G" width="672" height="378"> </picture> </div> <a class="-" href="https://www.bell-labs.com/research-innovation/network-fundamentals/what-is-6g/" rel="nofollow,noindex"> <h2 class="c1-reference__title title-arrow h24"> Explore our 6G vision </h2> </a> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nc-4"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--c3-vertical-nav paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c3-vertical-nav click-on-touch"> <div class="title">On this page</div> <ul> <li><a href="#why-standards" title="Why standardization is important?">Why standardization is important?</a></li> <li><a href="#successful-standard" title="Key attributes of a successful standard">Key attributes of a successful standard</a></li> <li><a href="#focus-areas" title="Our focus areas">Our focus areas</a></li> <li><a href="#leadership-through-actions" title="Leadership through actions">Leadership through actions</a></li> <li><a href="#facts" title="Facts and figures">Facts and figures</a></li> <li><a href="#experts" title="Hear from our world-class experts">Hear from our world-class experts</a></li> <li><a href="#blogs" title="Blog posts">Blog posts</a></li> <li><a href="#white-papers" title="White papers">White papers</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--m17-cta paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="m17-cta__wrapper with-image cta-height-390"> <div class="m17-cta__media-container gradient gradient--purple-blue"></div> <div class="m17-cta__container"> <div class="container"> <div class="nr"> <div class="nc-6"> <div class="m17-cta__container"> <div class="m17-cta__info"> <h2 class="m17-cta__title h32">Brooklyn 6G Summit</h2> <div class="m17-cta__body"><p>October 24-25, 2024</p><p>Watch the on-demand video stream</p></div> <div class="m17-cta__cta-wrapper"> <div class="m17-cta__cta"> <a class="btn btn-blue c-btn-color" href="https://www.bell-labs.com/research-innovation/network-fundamentals/brooklyn-6g-summit-2024-highlights/">Watch now</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nc-6"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c0-layout-container paragraph--view-mode--default c-fonts"> <div class="c0-container bg-white page-width" > <div class="container"> <div class="anchor-wrap"><div id="why-standards" data-anchor-visibility="1" data-anchor-title="Why standardization is important?" class="offset-anchor"></div></div> <div class="nr c0--col-two"> <div class="nc-8"> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c4-simple-text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c06 simple-text "> <h2 class="h48"> Global standards are essential to the world of technology </h2> <div class="simple-text__body"><p paraeid="{68dae59b-ee90-4020-a80d-5d124ac77d4f}{192}" paraid="1829382232">The telecommunication industry is based on standards. For technology to work around the world, there must be a basic set of agreed-upon principles. That’s why standards are essential: they ensure that products and services work the way that we expect, are compatible and make life safer and modern. To a larger degree, they also create a fairer, more sustainable and safer world. </p> <p paraeid="{68dae59b-ee90-4020-a80d-5d124ac77d4f}{218}" paraid="379375941">Society benefits from a clear set of standards that are accepted and implemented by all. At Nokia, we strive to answer this call and lead the way to bring the industry together.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nc-4"> </div> </div> <div class="nr c0--col-three"> <div class="nc-4"> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c4-simple-text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c06 simple-text "> <div class="simple-text__icon"> <svg id="Layer_1" data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 48 48"> <defs> <style> .iconcls-1 { fill: none; stroke: currentColor; stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; stroke-width: 2px; } </style> </defs> <path class="iconcls-1" d="m19.51,14.21c-.17-1.37.26-2.65,1.11-3.51.43-.43-.28-.81-.51-.7h-11.11v10.28s-.1.86-.52.51c-.94-.86-2.22-1.28-3.59-1.11-2.05.17-3.59,1.8-3.85,3.85-.34,2.65,1.8,4.96,4.45,4.96,1.2,0,2.19-.46,2.99-1.2.62-.57.52.51.52.51v10.19h11.11c.52.07.86-.27.51-.7-.86-.94-1.28-2.14-1.11-3.51.26-1.97,1.88-3.59,3.85-3.76,2.65-.34,4.96,1.8,4.96,4.36,0,1.11-.43,2.14-1.11,2.99-.43.43-.46,1.36.51,1.62h10.28v-11.19s1.1-.86,1.52-.51c.94.86,2.22,1.28,3.59,1.11,1.97-.26,3.59-1.88,3.85-3.93.34-2.65-1.8-4.96-4.45-4.96-1.2,0-2.22.43-2.99,1.2-.43.43-1.11.09-1.52-.51v-11.19h-10.37c-.6.5-1.05.83-.51,1.62.68.77,1.11,1.8,1.11,2.99,0,2.57-2.22,4.7-4.96,4.36-1.88-.26-3.51-1.8-3.76-3.76Z"/> </svg> </div> <h4 class="h32"> Interoperability </h4> <div class="simple-text__body"><p>Interoperability is making sure things work on different systems and devices, and that technology is aligned across various platforms. Having standards does not mean that there is no room for differentiation or competition. On the contrary. Standards are a catalyst for continuous innovation in a transparent manner. The specific innovative implementation of a standard is the true differentiator. These technologies need to be ubiquitous but also meet various local regulations in a responsible, efficient manner. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nc-4"> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c4-simple-text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c06 simple-text "> <div class="simple-text__icon"> <svg id="Layer_1" data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 48 48"> <defs> <style> .iconcls-1 { fill: none; stroke: currentColor; stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; stroke-width: 2px; } </style> </defs> <path class="iconcls-1" d="m24,30.01c6.6,0,12-5.31,12-11.76V1H12v17.25c0,6.45,5.4,11.76,12,11.76Zm0-.01v9m0,.68c-3.92,0-7.32,3.22-7.32,7.32h14.46c0-4.18-3.22-7.32-7.14-7.32Zm-11.77-19c-3.92,0-9.23-3.22-9.23-7.14V5h9m23.77,15.68c3.92,0,9.23-3.22,9.23-7.14V5h-9"/> </svg> </div> <h4 class="h32"> Technological excellence </h4> <div class="simple-text__body"><p>During the creation of new standards, competitors, partners, suppliers and customers are all part of the same endeavour and therefore only the best proposal – and the most valuable from a technical and business perspective - will survive. Being in the same room to work on similar ideas is a guarantee for technological excellence, as only the best proposal will prevail. No one company can hope to create or own, all the elements required as we move from the 5G age into the 6G era. We need to establish partnerships as well as lead and participate in ecosystems to explore new opportunities and drive the creation of new products and services that deliver greater financial and societal value. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nc-4"> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c4-simple-text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c06 simple-text "> <div class="simple-text__icon"> <svg id="Layer_1" data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 48 48"> <defs> <style> .iconcls-1 { fill: none; stroke: currentColor; stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; stroke-width: 2px; } </style> </defs> <path class="iconcls-1" d="m47,24c0,12.69-10.39,23-23,23S1,36.85,1,24m46,0c0-12.69-10.39-23-23-23S1,11.39,1,24m46,0H1m22.05,23c-4.36-6.42-7.14-14.51-7.14-23S18.45,7.9,22.81,1.24m1.9,45.76c4.36-6.42,7.14-14.51,7.14-23S29.31,7.9,24.95,1.24"/> </svg> </div> <h4 class="h32"> Healthy business environment </h4> <div class="simple-text__body"><p>Every player in the ecosystem can become active at a global level. Vendors can sell globally, and high investments in R&D can be spread. Buyers can source equipment or solutions globally. All eco-system parties can benefit in this way and have an impact at scale. To achieve this globally we need to open the power of networks – to everyone. Standards also ensure there is no lock-in overtime. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--c0-layout-row paragraph--view-mode--default nr c0--col-one c-fonts"> <div class="nc-12"> <div class="anchor-wrap"><div id="successful-standard" data-anchor-visibility="1" data-anchor-title="Key attributes of a successful standard" class="offset-anchor"></div></div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--c28-tetris paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c28-tetris__left"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--c5-media paragraph--view-mode--full"> <div class="c5-media"> <picture class="media ar ar_16_9 c5_media_100"> <source media="(max-width: 414px)" srcset="/sites/default/files/2023-02/resrcid23218_gettyimages-686726159-low_0.jpg?height=255&width=382" width="382" height="255"> <source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcset="/sites/default/files/2023-02/resrcid23218_gettyimages-686726159-low_0.jpg?height=490&width=735" width="735" height="490"> <img fetchpriority=high src="/sites/default/files/2023-02/resrcid23218_gettyimages-686726159-low_0.jpg?height=774&width=1376" alt="people cheering together and holding hands" width="1376" height="774"> </picture> </div> <div class="media-video-overlay media-video-overlay--mid-" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="media-video-overlay__dark"></div> <div class="media-video-overlay__container" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <div class="media-video-player"> </div> <div class="close-bar" tabindex="0"> <div class="close-btn" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-label="Close video overlay"></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="c28-tetris__right"> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c4-simple-text paragraph--view-mode--full"> <div class="c06 simple-text "> <h2 class="h32"> Key attributes of a successful standard </h2> <div class="simple-text__body"><p>We believe that our deep technical expertise and our consensus-building mentality are key to creating successful global standards. Consensus-based standards are developed in cooperation with all parties that have an interest in participating in the development or use of a standard. We ensure that the standards development process is open to all interested parties and that all input and viewpoints are considered and treated fairly. Therefore, we collaborate closely with our competitors, our partners, our suppliers and our customers to arrive at one global standard that creates an inclusive, secure and more sustainable world.</p> <p><a class="btn" href="https://www.nokia.com/blog/our-world-may-be-fragmented-but-we-can-still-act-together-through-standards" target="_self">We work together</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="st-small sb-none paragraph paragraph--type--c0-layout-container paragraph--view-mode--default c-fonts"> <div class="c0-container bg-white page-width" > <div class="container"> <div class="anchor-wrap"><div id="focus-areas" data-anchor-visibility="1" data-anchor-title="Our focus areas" class="offset-anchor"></div></div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--c0-layout-row paragraph--view-mode--default nr c0--col-one c-fonts"> <div class="nc-12"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--c16-title paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="title-text "> <h2 class="paragraph paragraph--type--c16-title paragraph--view-mode--default h48">The focus areas of our standardization activities</h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nr c0--col-two"> <div class="nc-6"> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c4-simple-text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c06 simple-text "> <h3 class="h32"> Cellular standards </h3> <div class="simple-text__body"><p paraeid="{1aed7cbb-d30b-4be3-b911-e50712ebb209}{233}" paraid="1342078555">For 30 years, Nokia has defined many of the fundamental technologies used in virtually all mobile devices and networks, including consumer products, IoT-connected industrial equipment and vehicles. It has been instrumental through its GSM, 3G, LTE, 5G and now <a href="networks/5g/5g-advanced/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">5G-Advanced</a> standards leadership in enabling entire solutions and ecosystems built on these. </p> <p paraeid="{1aed7cbb-d30b-4be3-b911-e50712ebb209}{249}" paraid="352448322">Nokia has played a <a href="/blog/nokia-as-the-role-model-for-leading-3gpp-standardization/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">key role</a> in driving the first set of globally interoperable 5G standards to completion with 3GPP Release 15. We continue to realize the holistic 5G vision within 3GPP Releases 16, 17, 18 and now with 5G-Advanced Release 19, and later with <a href="/about-us/newsroom/articles/6g-standardization-is-beginning-heres-why-you-should-care">6G</a>.</p> <p paraeid="{26515399-e4df-4824-8260-136d289d1f7d}{17}" paraid="160954140">We lead the work in <a href="/standardization/technology-standards/o-ran/" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="48e55146-cb5c-494d-80c5-60b3879f63cf" data-entity-substitution="canonical">O-RAN ALLIANCE</a> with a clear vision for the future of communications and opportunities as outlined in the Nokia vision. Nokia is the #1 contributor to the overall technical work. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nc-6"> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c4-simple-text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c06 simple-text "> <h3 class="h32"> Multimedia technologies </h3> <div class="simple-text__body"><p paraeid="{26515399-e4df-4824-8260-136d289d1f7d}{40}" paraid="1316424697">Over the past two decades, we have created almost 5,000 inventions that enable multimedia products and services. We continue to play a <a data-btn-style="" href="/standardization/multimedia/" target="_self">leading role in multimedia research</a> and standardization. Our expertise is built on continuous investment to advance the industry. </p> <p paraeid="{26515399-e4df-4824-8260-136d289d1f7d}{51}" paraid="623466367">We have been instrumental in the development of market-adopted video codecs, have a leading portfolio of Standard Essential Patents (SEPs) and a broad scope of non-SEPs. </p> <p paraeid="{26515399-e4df-4824-8260-136d289d1f7d}{67}" paraid="1041127970">Through our contributions to open standards, Nokia has defined many of the fundamental technologies used in video compression today. Without these technologies, streaming high-definition video over fixed and cellular networks would not be possible. </p> <p paraeid="{26515399-e4df-4824-8260-136d289d1f7d}{73}" paraid="1595914717"><a href="https://www.nokia.com/licensing/patents/consumer-electronics-and-video-services/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">Learn about licensing our multimedia inventions</a></p> <p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nr c0--col-two"> <div class="nc-6"> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c4-simple-text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c06 simple-text "> <h3 class="h32"> Device technologies </h3> <div class="simple-text__body"><p>Standards innovation goes hand in hand with device and network implementation and forms the focus for our pioneering work in 3GPP standard development. Through active participation in standardization work, our mission is to ensure that new device architectures and interfaces deliver real-world use cases while also inspiring greater collaboration among our customers and industry partners.</p> <p>As 5G-advanced evolves and we move toward 6G, our standardization experts are exploring connectivity and interaction systems in future form factors from XR to low power NR-Light devices, AI, and new power and energy management which ultimately will shape the way we live, work and interact digitally with the world around us.</p> <p>Our ambition is to ensure device related standards, provide value for the end user and industry, and those standards are ready for product implementation. Our research creates device technology innovation, which we contribute to standardization for the industry community and for the benefit of consumers.</p> <p>Read more about <a href="/standardization/technology-standards/devices/" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="c5ba8f9f-5738-4b36-bf4a-d8adb8478836" data-entity-substitution="canonical">our devices standardization activities</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nc-6"> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c4-simple-text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c06 simple-text "> <h3 class="h32"> Network technologies </h3> <div class="simple-text__body"><p>We are leading technology standardization in the wireline infrastructure and networking services area such as wired fixed access & home networking development, transport, IP and segment routing, Ethernet VPN and IP-based data centers.</p> <p>We are a leading contributor to fixed networking in IETF, IEEE, ITU-T including next generation of fiber access. Nokia invented and championed <a href="https://www.bell-labs.com/research-innovation/projects-and-initiatives/l4s/#gref">L4S</a> (Low Latency, Low Loss, and Scalable Throughput) RFCs approved in IETF. We are the #1 declared-patent holder on copper and fiber access technology. </p> <p>In the Broadband Forum (BBF), Nokia is a leading force in the specification of wireline-wireless convergence and <a href="https://www.broadband-forum.org/open-broadband/yang">YANG data models</a>.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nr c0--col-two"> <div class="nc-6"> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c4-simple-text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c06 simple-text "> <h3 class="h32"> Security </h3> <div class="simple-text__body"><p>Security standards collectively ensure that telecom networks and critical infrastructures are secure, reliable, and resilient against a wide range of threats, helping maintain the integrity and availability of critical communication services. These standards and recommendations encompass aspects such as authentication, encryption, network access control, secure communication protocols, certification, and regulatory compliance. </p> <p>As a trusted partner for critical and secure networks, Nokia is actively contributing to these standards through our involvement in global and regional organizations, councils and programs such as 3GPP, IETF, ORAN Alliance, GSMA, NIST, ETSI, ATIS, TSDSI, ENISA, FCC CSRIC and others. A strategic standardization initiative is focused on creating new standards for quantum-safe networking, which will be crucial once a Cryptographically Relevant Quantum Computer (CRQC) becomes operational, especially in the lead-up to Q-Day, the hypothetical date when such a computer becomes a reality. </p> <p><a href="/standardization/technology-standards/security/" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="e3befeeb-cf8a-40b5-82d0-267a4d64934a" data-entity-substitution="canonical">Learn about our security standards</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nc-6"> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c4-simple-text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c06 simple-text "> <h3 class="h32"> Environmental, Social and Governance </h3> <div class="simple-text__body"><p paraeid="{66df6e96-912d-41f3-8b37-bdda59563f8b}{48}" paraid="710054148">Sustainability is at the core of our business. We are actively engaged in creating standards for environmental impact assessment, energy saving and energy-efficient networks. We are also involved in Artificial Intelligence governance standardization to ensure the ethical, trustworthy and responsible use of AI. Standards support minimizing our environmental footprint, maximizing our environmental handprint and conducting responsible business practices. We are engaged in standardization activities at the ITU-T SG5, ETSI EE, ISO SC42, CEN-CENELEC and other SDOs.</p> <p paraeid="{66df6e96-912d-41f3-8b37-bdda59563f8b}{116}" paraid="1248652818"><a href="/about-us/sustainability/" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="2af783c2-db6a-4b09-aa6b-20c58d57734e" data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-btn-style="" target="_self">Our commitment to sustainability </a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nr c0--col-two"> <div class="nc-6"> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c4-simple-text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c06 simple-text "> <h3 class="h32"> Spectrum regulation </h3> <div class="simple-text__body"><p paraeid="{26515399-e4df-4824-8260-136d289d1f7d}{252}" paraid="628649170">Spectrum availability is a fundamental enabler of wireless communications. Nokia is engaged with regulators and industry partners to make harmonized spectrum available for cost-effective IMT deployments while protecting other services. We are a key voice on spectrum matters, recognized as a trusted partner for service providers, and a respected industry player for national administrations. We are also a key contributor to ITU-R and regional fora. </p> <p paraeid="{66df6e96-912d-41f3-8b37-bdda59563f8b}{37}" paraid="1158973850"><a data-btn-style="" data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="ee737025-90b2-4135-8546-abc118f77c40" href="/standardization/spectrum-policy/" target="_self">Find out more about spectrum policy</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nc-6"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div><div class="anchor-wrap"><div id="leadership-through-actions" data-anchor-visibility="1" data-anchor-title="Leadership through actions" class="offset-anchor"></div></div> </div> <div> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--m2-intro paragraph--view-mode--default" data-paragraph-id="1103591"> <div class="m2-intro__wrapper with-image m2-intro__verticle-alignment-top "> <div class="m2-intro__containers"> <div class="container"> <div class="nr"> <div class="nc-12"> <div class="m2-intro__container"> <div class="m2-intro__info text-white "> <h2 class="m2-intro__title "> Leadership through actions </h2> <div class="m2-intro__body"> <p>Nokia has transformed the way we view video</p> </div> <div class="m2-intro__cta"> <a class="btn btn-blue" href="/blog/standards-leadership-in-action-how-nokia-transformed-the-way-we-view-video/">Read more</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="m2-intro__media-container gradient-default"> <picture> <source media="(max-width: 414px)" srcset="/sites/default/files/2023-09/video-streaming.png?height=414&width=414&resize=1"> <source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcset="/sites/default/files/2023-09/video-streaming.png?height=300&width=767&resize=1"> <source media="(max-width: 1365px)" srcset="/sites/default/files/2023-09/video-streaming.png?height=400&width=1365&resize=1"> <img src="/sites/default/files/2023-09/video-streaming.png?height=600&width=1920&resize=1" alt="A family watching a tennis match on tv."> </picture> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="st-none sb-none paragraph paragraph--type--c0-layout-container paragraph--view-mode--default c-fonts"> <div class="c0-container bg-gray-very-light page-width" > <div class="container"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--c0-layout-row paragraph--view-mode--default nr c0--col-one c-fonts"> <div class="nc-12"> <div class="anchor-wrap"><div id="facts" data-anchor-visibility="1" data-anchor-title="Facts and figures" class="offset-anchor"></div></div> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c9-highlights paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c9-highlights text-charcoal c0-column-100"> <h3 class="c9-highlights__title">Facts and figures </h3> <div class="items items-3"> <div class="item"> <div class="c9-highlights-component"> <div class="nr"> <div class="nc-12"> <div class="c9-highlights-component--statistic">~€150bn</div> <div class="c9-highlights-component--label"><p>invested in R&D since 2000</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="item"> <div class="c9-highlights-component"> <div class="nr"> <div class="nc-12"> <div class="c9-highlights-component--statistic">~20,000</div> <div class="c9-highlights-component--label"><p>patent families, of which<br />more than 6,000 declared essential for 5G</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="item"> <div class="c9-highlights-component"> <div class="nr"> <div class="nc-12"> <div class="c9-highlights-component--statistic">2,300+</div> <div class="c9-highlights-component--label"><p>inventions on which<br />patents were filed in 2023</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="body"><p><a href="/standardization/intellectual-property-rights-leadership/" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="6fcf85d0-2acc-4242-ab4c-c4069ea2e7b4" data-entity-substitution="canonical" target="_self">Discover our broad and expanding patent portfolio</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="st-none sb-none paragraph 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href="/licensing/innovations/" > <h3 class="c1-reference__title title-arrow h32"> Innovations gallery </h3> </a> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nc-4"> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c1-0-reference-component paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c1-reference container"> <div class="nr"> <article class="c1-reference--reference-item nc-12 "> <div class="c1-reference__media-container "> <picture> <source media="(max-width: 414px)" srcset="/sites/default/files/2020-10/Patent-licensing-hero-London-city-1920x550p_0.jpg?height=215&width=382" width="382" height="215"> <source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcset="/sites/default/files/2020-10/Patent-licensing-hero-London-city-1920x550p_0.jpg?height=413&width=735" width="735" height="413"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/2020-10/Patent-licensing-hero-London-city-1920x550p_0.jpg?height=246&width=437" alt="London city street" width="437" height="246"> </picture> </div> <a class="-" 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href="/licensing/principles/" > <h3 class="c1-reference__title title-arrow h32"> FRAND licensing works </h3> </a> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="st-none sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c0-layout-container paragraph--view-mode--default c-fonts"> <div class="c0-container bg-white page-width" > <div class="container"> <div class="st-small sb-small paragraph paragraph--type--c0-layout-row paragraph--view-mode--default nr c0--col-one c-fonts"> <div class="nc-12"> <div class="anchor-wrap"><div id="experts" data-anchor-visibility="1" data-anchor-title="Hear from our world-class experts" class="offset-anchor"></div></div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--c23-component paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="c23-component c23-component--carousel c23-component-pid-1003006 c0-container bg-white has-carousel"> <div class="c23-component__gradients gradient--great-pink"></div> <div class="container text-white"> <h2 class="">Hear from our world-class experts</h2> <div class="c23-component__wrapper tl-margin"> <div class="c23-component__carousel-top hidden"> <div class="c23-carousel-control text-white"> <button class="blaze-arrow blaze-prev c23-carousel-control__prev prev"></button> <button class="blaze-arrow blaze-next c23-carousel-control--next next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="c23-component__slides"> <div class="blaze-container"> <div class="blaze-track-container"> <div class="blaze-track"> <article class="c23-component-item "> <div class="c23-component__image-container square__image"> <div class="video media-video c23-component__image-container-inr"> <a href="#" tabindex="0" role="button" data-video-service="remote" data-media-video-id="48991" aria-label="Video" class="media-video-container"> <picture> <source media="(max-width: 414px)" srcset="/sites/default/files/2023-12/5g-to-6g.jpg?height=&width=" width="196" height="196"> <source media="(max-width: 767px)" 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oembed-lazyload__iframe oembed-lazyload__iframe--hidden" title="From 5G-Advanced to 6G: Bridge to the future"></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="close-bar" tabindex="0"> <div class="close-btn" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-label="Close video overlay"></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p class="c23-component__label">Video</p> <h3 class="c23-component__title h24 title-arrow"> From 5G-Advanced to 6G: Bridge to the future </h3> </article> <article class="c23-component-item "> <div class="c23-component__image-container square__image"> <picture> <source media="(max-width: 414px)" srcset="/sites/default/files/2023-05/463173417-low.jpg?height=196&width=196" width="196" height="196"> <source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcset="/sites/default/files/2023-05/463173417-low.jpg?height=196&width=196" width="196" height="196"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/2023-05/463173417-low.jpg?height=405&width=405" alt="Webinar 2024-25 CSP & Enterprise priorities" width="405" height="405"> </picture> </div> <p class="c23-component__label">Webinar</p> <a href="https://pages.nokia.com/T008SL-Nokia-5G-Advanced-Webinar-Registration-Session-2.html"> <div class="c23-component__title-wrapper"> <h3 class="c23-component__title h24 title-arrow"> Webinar 2024-25 CSP & Enterprise priorities </h3> </a> </div> </article> <article class="c23-component-item "> <div class="c23-component__image-container square__image"> <picture> <source media="(max-width: 414px)" srcset="/sites/default/files/2022-03/S03E30%20-%205G%20Advanced%20with%20Matthew%20Baker%20Website%20Banner.png?height=196&width=196" width="196" height="196"> <source media="(max-width: 767px)" srcset="/sites/default/files/2022-03/S03E30%20-%205G%20Advanced%20with%20Matthew%20Baker%20Website%20Banner.png?height=196&width=196" width="196" height="196"> <img loading="lazy" 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environmental impact of AI systems </h3> </a> </div> <p class="c23-component__description"> This paper discusses a framework for assessing the environmental impact of an AI system. </p> </article> <article class="c23-component-item nc-3 "> <a href="https://onestore.nokia.com/asset/214078"> <div class="c23-component__title-wrapper"> <h3 class="c23-component__title h24 title-arrow"> Reinforced Access Stratum security for 6G </h3> </a> </div> <p class="c23-component__description"> 4G and 5G have put encryption and integrity protection for the radio interface into the upper part of the L2 radio protocol stack, leaving lower layers, such as the Medium… </p> </article> <article class="c23-component-item nc-3 "> <a href="https://onestore.nokia.com/asset/214027"> <div class="c23-component__title-wrapper"> <h3 class="c23-component__title h24 title-arrow"> Transforming the 6G vision to action </h3> </a> </div> <p class="c23-component__description"> 6G will support the vast and growing device ecosystem and harness and accelerate the power of AI along with many other emerging technologies </p> </article> </div> <div class="nr"> <article class="c23-component-item nc-3 "> <a href="https://onestore.nokia.com/asset/213897"> <div class="c23-component__title-wrapper"> <h3 class="c23-component__title h24 title-arrow"> Enhanced enterprise deployments with 5G-Advanced network slicing </h3> </a> </div> <p class="c23-component__description"> This white paper provides an overview of 3GPP Release 18 enhancements. Overall, the 5G-Advanced Release 18 network slicing enhancements take network slicing to a more advanced… </p> </article> <article class="c23-component-item nc-3 "> <a href="https://onestore.nokia.com/asset/213955"> <div class="c23-component__title-wrapper"> <h3 class="c23-component__title h24 title-arrow"> 6G orchestration and automation: A system software view </h3> </a> </div> <p class="c23-component__description"> Here, we take a look at orchestration and automation from the perspective of system software. </p> </article> <article class="c23-component-item nc-3 "> <a href="https://onestore.nokia.com/asset/213702"> <div class="c23-component__title-wrapper"> <h3 class="c23-component__title h24 title-arrow"> Coverage evaluation of 7-15 GHz bands from existing sites </h3> </a> </div> <p class="c23-component__description"> In this paper, we provide an analysis comparing the coverage at 3.5, 7 and 13 GHz bands from existing urban macro cell sites. </p> </article> <article 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