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style="width:100.0%;"><div class="widget__body clearfix sm-mt-1"><div class="all-related-sections"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/diy/">DIY</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/magazine/">Magazine</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/magazine/2024/november/">November 2024</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/type/hands-on/">Hands On</a></div><h2 class="widget__headline h2"><a class="widget__headline-text custom-post-headline" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/diy-scifi-aerial-display" aria-label="Build a Sci-Fi Aerial Display" data-type="text"> Build a Sci-Fi Aerial Display </a></h2><div class="widget__subheadline"><h3 class="widget__subheadline-text h3" data-type="text"><p>Clever optics are behind a touchscreen that floats in midair</p></h3></div><div class="social-date"><span class="social-date__text">20 Oct 2024</span></div><div class="time-to-read">5 min read</div><div class="like-button" data-post-likes="6"></div></div><div class="widget__head"><a 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href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/transistor-history" aria-label="How the First Transistor Worked" data-type="text"> How the First Transistor Worked </a></h2><div class="like-button" data-post-likes="53"></div><div class="social-date"><span class="social-date__text">20 Nov 2022</span></div><div class="time-to-read">12 min read</div></div></div></div><script type="application/json" id="post-context-2658669320" class="post-context post-context-2658669320"> {"customDimensions": {"5":"Glenn Zorpette","11":2658669320,"7":"point-contact transistor, transistors, semiconductor electronics","10":"semiconductor electronics","6":"semiconductors","8":"11/20/2022"}, "post": {"id": 2658669320, "providerId": 0, "sections": [0, 497728257, 564919488, 539626628, 584553000, 555118571, 544169516, 544169517, 539621009, 539633585], "authors": [20372185], "streams": [], "split_testing": {}} } </script></article></div><div class="widget tag-75th-anniversary-of-the-transistor tag-transistors 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class="rm-lazyloadable-image" width="2005" height="1556"/></a></div><div class="widget__body clearfix sm-mt-1"><div class="all-related-sections"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/semiconductors/">Semiconductors</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/magazine/2022/december/">December 2022</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/magazine/">Magazine</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/special-reports/the-transistor-at-75/">The Transistor at 75</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/type/feature/">Feature</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/tech-history/">History of Technology</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/special-reports/">Special Reports</a></div><h2 class="widget__headline h2"><a class="widget__headline-text custom-post-headline" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/transistor-timeline" aria-label="The Ultimate Transistor Timeline" data-type="text"> The Ultimate Transistor Timeline </a></h2><div class="like-button" data-post-likes="37"></div><div 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data-attr-layout_headline="right" data-attr-layout_date="right" data-attr-layout_subheadline="right" data-attr-layout_all_image_crop="original" data-attr-data-rm-advanced="true" data-attr-layout_image_column_width="33" data-attr-layout_all_date_format="%d %b %Y" data-attr-layout_all_date_full_format="false" data-attr-element_classes="story_teaser not_infinite" data-attr-layout_like_button="right" data-attr-layout_all_sections="right" data-attr-layout_time_to_read="right" data-attr-limit="2" data-attr-format="posts-custom" data-attr-source_site="parent_site"><div class="posts-wrapper clearfix"><div class="widget tag-hacking tag-ham-radio tag-quansheng tag-type-departments tag-uv-k5 post-section--topic/diy" elid="2667595555" data-category="DIY"><article elid="2667595555" data-frozen-sections="[]" class="clearfix image-article sm-mb-1 quality-HD post-2667595555"><div class="row px10"><div class="rm-col-center col sm-mb-1" style="width:33.0%;"><div class="widget__head"><a 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href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/diy/">DIY</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/type/hands-on/">Hands On</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/magazine/">Magazine</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/magazine/2024/april/">April 2024</a></div><h2 class="widget__headline h2"><a class="widget__headline-text custom-post-headline" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/quansheng-uv-k5-hacking" aria-label="The Most Hackable Handheld Ham Radio Yet" data-type="text"> The Most Hackable Handheld Ham Radio Yet </a></h2><div class="widget__subheadline"><h3 class="widget__subheadline-text h3" data-type="text"><p>The UV-K5 can be modded at the click of a mouse</p></h3></div><div class="social-date"><span class="social-date__text">27 Mar 2024</span></div><div class="time-to-read">4 min read</div><div class="like-button" data-post-likes="8"></div></div></div></div><script type="application/json" id="post-context-2667595555" class="post-context post-context-2667595555"> {"customDimensions": 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aria-label="Turn a Vintage Hi-Fi Into a Modern Entertainment Center" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 2000 1476'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-runner-src="https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/image.png?id=51480378&width=2000&height=1476&quality=85&coordinates=0%2C0%2C0%2C0" style="object-fit: cover;" class="rm-lazyloadable-image" width="2000" height="1476"/></a></div></div><div class="rm-col-right col" style="width:67.0%;"><div class="widget__body clearfix sm-mt-1"><div class="all-related-sections"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/diy/">DIY</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/type/hands-on/">Hands On</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/magazine/">Magazine</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/magazine/2024/march/">March 2024</a></div><h2 class="widget__headline h2"><a class="widget__headline-text custom-post-headline" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/vintage-audio-repair" aria-label="Turn a Vintage Hi-Fi Into a Modern Entertainment Center" data-type="text"> Turn a Vintage Hi-Fi Into a Modern Entertainment Center </a></h2><div class="widget__subheadline"><h3 class="widget__subheadline-text h3" data-type="text"><p>Obsolete components aren’t the obstacle to repairs they used to be</p></h3></div><div class="social-date"><span class="social-date__text">28 Feb 2024</span></div><div class="time-to-read">5 min read</div><div class="like-button" data-post-likes="5"></div></div></div></div><script type="application/json" id="post-context-2667291010" class="post-context post-context-2667291010"> {"customDimensions": {"5":"Stephen Cass","11":2667291010,"7":"hi-fi, type:departments, vintage electronics, consumer electronics, audio","10":"audio","6":"diy","8":"02/28/2024"}, "post": {"id": 2667291010, "providerId": 0, "sections": [0, 497728257, 544169540, 539626628, 544169516, 547191404, 2241528953, 539748506, 2241528956], "authors": [20372187], "streams": [], "split_testing": {}} } </script></article></div></div></div></div><div class="mb-2 story_teaser not_infinite" id="sSection_default_0_0_28_0_0_5_0_4_1_1"><div class="posts-custom posts-custom-section section-holder clearfix" data-block="section_12" data-format="posts-custom" data-source="sponsored-webinar-whitepaper" data-source-type="page" data-source-unique="true" data-section-id="" data-is-reordable="false" data-using-stickers="false" data-has-more="true" data-attr-v="2" data-attr-posts_id="sSection_default_0_0_28_0_0_5_0_4_1_1" data-attr-source_unique="true" data-attr-without_current="true" data-attr-layout_quality="4" data-attr-node_id="/root/blocks/block[section_default]/abtests/abtest[1]/row[2]/column[1]/choose[2]/otherwise/posts[2]-" data-attr-use_tag_image_for_lead_media="true" data-attr-source="filtered" data-attr-from_regular_sections="sponsored,webinar,whitepaper" data-attr-source_id="sponsored-webinar-whitepaper" 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data-attr-limit="1" data-attr-layout_headline="right" data-attr-layout_date="right" data-attr-layout_subheadline="right" data-attr-layout_all_image_crop="original" data-attr-data-rm-advanced="true" data-attr-layout_image_column_width="33" data-attr-layout_all_date_format="%d %b %Y" data-attr-layout_all_date_full_format="false" data-attr-element_classes="story_teaser not_infinite" data-attr-layout_like_button="right" data-attr-layout_all_sections="right" data-attr-format="posts-custom" data-attr-source_site="parent_site"><div class="posts-wrapper clearfix"><div class="widget tag-type-webinar post-section--topic/transportation" elid="2669948606" data-category="Transportation"><article elid="2669948606" data-frozen-sections="[]" class="clearfix page-article sm-mb-1 quality-HD post-2669948606"><div class="row px10"><div class="rm-col-center col sm-mb-1" style="width:33.0%;"><div class="widget__head"><a href="https://engineeringresources.spectrum.ieee.org/free/w_math29/prgm.cgi" target="_blank" aria-label="Leveraging Reduced-Order Models for Analysis of Onboard Battery Chargers"><img role="img" type="lazy-image" alt="Leveraging Reduced-Order Models for Analysis of Onboard Battery Chargers" aria-label="Leveraging Reduced-Order Models for Analysis of Onboard Battery Chargers" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 235 47'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-runner-src="https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/leveraging-reduced-order-models-for-analysis-of-onboard-battery-chargers.gif?id=54750378&width=1200&height=240" style="object-fit: cover;" class="rm-lazyloadable-image" width="235" height="47"/></a></div></div><div class="rm-col-right col" style="width:67.0%;"><div class="widget__body clearfix sm-mt-1"><div class="all-related-sections"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/transportation/">Transportation</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/type/webinar/">Webinar</a></div><h2 class="widget__headline h2"><a class="widget__headline-text " href="https://engineeringresources.spectrum.ieee.org/free/w_math29/prgm.cgi" target="_blank" aria-label="Leveraging Reduced-Order Models for Analysis of Onboard Battery Chargers" data-type="text"> Leveraging Reduced-Order Models for Analysis of Onboard Battery Chargers </a></h2><div class="widget__subheadline"><h3 class="widget__subheadline-text h3" data-type="text">Now available on-demand</h3></div><div class="social-date"><span class="social-date__text">19 Nov 2024</span></div><div class="like-button" data-post-likes="0"></div></div></div></div><script type="application/json" id="post-context-2669948606" class="post-context post-context-2669948606"> {"customDimensions": {"5":"MathWorks","11":2669948606,"7":"type:webinar","6":"transportation","8":"11/19/2024"}, "post": {"id": 2669948606, "providerId": 27, "sections": [539622579, 544169534], "authors": [21508092], "streams": [], "split_testing": {}} } </script></article></div></div></div></div><div class="mb-2 story_teaser not_infinite" id="sSection_default_0_0_28_0_0_5_0_4_1_2"><div class="posts-custom posts-custom-section section-holder clearfix" data-block="section_13" data-format="posts-custom" data-source="current-section" data-source-type="page" data-source-unique="true" data-section-id="" data-is-reordable="false" data-using-stickers="false" data-has-more="true" data-attr-v="2" data-attr-posts_id="sSection_default_0_0_28_0_0_5_0_4_1_2" data-attr-source_unique="true" data-attr-without_current="true" data-attr-layout_quality="4" data-attr-node_id="/root/blocks/block[section_default]/abtests/abtest[1]/row[2]/column[1]/choose[2]/otherwise/posts[3]-" data-attr-use_tag_image_for_lead_media="true" data-attr-source="filtered" data-attr-source_id="current-section" data-attr-from_regular_sections="diy" data-attr-from_regular_sections_other_than="sponsored,webinar,whitepaper,podcast,video,slideshow" 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data-attr-limit="2" data-attr-layout_headline="right" data-attr-layout_date="right" data-attr-layout_subheadline="right" data-attr-layout_all_image_crop="original" data-attr-data-rm-advanced="true" data-attr-layout_image_column_width="33" data-attr-layout_all_date_format="%d %b %Y" data-attr-layout_all_date_full_format="false" data-attr-element_classes="story_teaser not_infinite" data-attr-layout_like_button="right" data-attr-layout_all_sections="right" data-attr-layout_time_to_read="right" data-attr-format="posts-custom" data-attr-source_site="parent_site"><div class="posts-wrapper clearfix"><div class="widget tag-type-departments tag-clock tag-ocxo tag-quartz tag-timing tag-arduino post-section--topic/diy" elid="2667066190" data-category="DIY"><article elid="2667066190" data-frozen-sections="[]" class="clearfix image-article sm-mb-1 quality-HD post-2667066190"><div class="row px10"><div class="rm-col-center col sm-mb-1" style="width:33.0%;"><div class="widget__head"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/diy-ocxo-quartz-clock" aria-label="Build the Most Accurate DIY Quartz Clock Yet"><img role="img" type="lazy-image" alt="A paperback-sized pcb with a display of six digits made from LED matrices. Among the components mounted below, one with a rectangular casing about the size of a sugar cube is highlighted." aria-label="A paperback-sized pcb with a display of six digits made from LED matrices. Among the components mounted below, one with a rectangular casing about the size of a sugar cube is highlighted." src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 3557 2921'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-runner-src="https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/a-paperback-sized-pcb-with-a-display-of-six-digits-made-from-led-matrices-among-the-components-mounted-below-one-with-a-rectan.png?id=51173664&width=1200&height=985" style="object-fit: cover;" class="rm-lazyloadable-image" width="3557" height="2921"/></a></div></div><div class="rm-col-right col" style="width:67.0%;"><div class="widget__body clearfix sm-mt-1"><div class="all-related-sections"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/diy/">DIY</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/type/hands-on/">Hands On</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/magazine/">Magazine</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/magazine/2024/february/">February 2024</a></div><h2 class="widget__headline h2"><a class="widget__headline-text custom-post-headline" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/diy-ocxo-quartz-clock" aria-label="Build the Most Accurate DIY Quartz Clock Yet" data-type="text"> Build the Most Accurate DIY Quartz Clock Yet </a></h2><div class="widget__subheadline"><h3 class="widget__subheadline-text h3" data-type="text"><p>Makers can now use vastly superior timing tech</p></h3></div><div class="social-date"><span class="social-date__text">15 Feb 2024</span></div><div class="time-to-read">4 min read</div><div class="like-button" data-post-likes="7"></div></div></div></div><script type="application/json" id="post-context-2667066190" class="post-context post-context-2667066190"> {"customDimensions": {"5":"Gavin Watkins","11":2667066190,"7":"type:departments, clock, ocxo, quartz, timing, arduino","10":"clock","6":"diy","8":"02/15/2024"}, "post": {"id": 2667066190, "providerId": 0, "sections": [0, 497728257, 544169540, 539626628, 544169516, 547191404, 2241528953, 539748506, 2241528955], "authors": [26469666], "streams": [], "split_testing": {}} } </script></article></div><div class="widget tag-clock tag-ocxo tag-quartz tag-timing tag-arduino post-section--topic/diy" elid="2667123866" data-category="DIY"><article elid="2667123866" data-frozen-sections="[]" class="clearfix page-article sm-mb-1 quality-HD post-2667123866"><div class="row px10"><div class="rm-col-right col" style="width:100.0%;"><div class="widget__body clearfix sm-mt-1"><div class="all-related-sections"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/diy/">DIY</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/type/article/">Article</a></div><h2 class="widget__headline h2"><a class="widget__headline-text custom-post-headline" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/ocxo-clock" aria-label="Hands On Extra: OCXO Clock" data-type="text"> Hands On Extra: OCXO Clock </a></h2><div class="widget__subheadline"><h3 class="widget__subheadline-text h3" data-type="text"><p>Additional technical details, plus where to get the PCB file and bill of materials</p></h3></div><div class="social-date"><span class="social-date__text">30 Jan 2024</span></div><div class="time-to-read">6 min read</div><div class="like-button" data-post-likes="2"></div></div></div></div><script type="application/json" id="post-context-2667123866" class="post-context post-context-2667123866"> {"customDimensions": {"5":"Gavin Watkins","11":2667123866,"7":"clock, ocxo, quartz, timing, arduino","10":"clock","6":"diy","8":"01/30/2024"}, "post": {"id": 2667123866, "providerId": 0, "sections": [0, 497728257, 539748506, 544175596, 544169516], "authors": [26469666], "streams": [], "split_testing": {}} } </script></article></div></div></div></div><span class="js-brick-description hidden" data-name="Widget Explore Topics"></span><div class="exploreTopics__container" id="sWidget_Explore_Topics_0_0_47_0_0_1"><div class="exploreTopics__wrapper" id="sWidget_Explore_Topics_0_0_47_0_0_1_0"><div id="sWidget_Explore_Topics_0_0_47_0_0_1_0_0"><div class="module-headline"><h2 class="module-headline__text h2"> Explore topics </h2></div></div><div class="text-element" id="sWidget_Explore_Topics_0_0_47_0_0_1_0_1">IEEE Spectrum reports on developments in each of these categories</div></div><div id="sWidget_Explore_Topics_0_0_47_0_0_1_1"><ul class="sections-container" data-has-more="false"><li class="sections-item-container"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/aerospace/" class="sections-item"> Aerospace</a><p class="sections-item-description">The latest developments in aviation, satellites, astrophysics, space flight, and space exploration</p></li><li class="sections-item-container"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/artificial-intelligence/" class="sections-item"> AI</a><p class="sections-item-description">The latest advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning, generative AI, ChatGPT, LLMs, deepfakes, and more</p></li><li class="sections-item-container"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/biomedical/" class="sections-item"> Biomedical</a><p class="sections-item-description">The latest developments in biomedical devices, prosthetics, imaging, and diagnostics</p></li><li class="sections-item-container"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/climate-tech/" class="sections-item"> Climate Tech</a><p class="sections-item-description">The latest developments in renewables, carbon capture, emissions monitoring, geoengineering, and electrifying everything</p></li><li class="sections-item-container"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/computing/" class="sections-item"> Computing</a><p class="sections-item-description">The latest developments in embedded systems, hardware, software, quantum computers, and IT</p></li><li class="sections-item-container"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/consumer-electronics/" class="sections-item"> Consumer Electronics</a><p class="sections-item-description">The latest developments in gadgets, gaming, smart phones, virtual reality, and audio/video</p></li><li class="sections-item-container"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/energy/" class="sections-item"> Energy</a><p class="sections-item-description">The latest developments in power generation, batteries, renewables, smart grid, and nuclear energy</p></li><li class="sections-item-container"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/tech-history/" class="sections-item"> History of Technology</a><p class="sections-item-description">A look back at key moments in the history of cyberspace, electronics, and the space age</p></li><li class="sections-item-container"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/robotics/" class="sections-item"> Robotics</a><p class="sections-item-description">The latest developments in consumer robots, humanoids, drones, and automation</p></li><li class="sections-item-container"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/semiconductors/" class="sections-item"> Semiconductors</a><p class="sections-item-description">The latest developments in processors, memory, 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