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cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle History subsection </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2001–2005" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2001–2005"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 2001–2005 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2001–2005-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2006–2010" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2006–2010"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 2006–2010 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2006–2010-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2011" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2011"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 2011 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2011-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2012" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2012"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 2012 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2012-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2013" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2013"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 2013 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2013-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2014" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2014"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 2014 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2014-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2015" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2015"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 2015 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2015-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2016" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2016"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8 2016 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2016-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2017" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2017"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.9 2017 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2017-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2018" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2018"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.10 2018 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2018-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2019" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2019"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.11 2019 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2019-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_4K_television_channels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_4K_television_channels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 List of 4K television channels </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List_of_4K_television_channels-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle List of 4K television channels subsection </button> <ul id="toc-List_of_4K_television_channels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Global" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Global"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Global </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Global-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Europe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Africa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Americas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Americas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Americas </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Americas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Asia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oceania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oceania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 Oceania </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oceania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_8K_television_channels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_8K_television_channels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 List of 8K television channels </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_8K_television_channels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Field_trials_of_UHDTV_over_DTT_networks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Field_trials_of_UHDTV_over_DTT_networks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Field trials of UHDTV over DTT networks </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Field_trials_of_UHDTV_over_DTT_networks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Status_of_standardization_of_UHDTV" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Status_of_standardization_of_UHDTV"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Status of standardization of UHDTV </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Status_of_standardization_of_UHDTV-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Status of standardization of UHDTV subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Status_of_standardization_of_UHDTV-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Standardization_in_ITU-R" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standardization_in_ITU-R"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Standardization in ITU-R </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standardization_in_ITU-R-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Standardization_in_ITU-T_and_MPEG" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standardization_in_ITU-T_and_MPEG"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Standardization in ITU-T and MPEG </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standardization_in_ITU-T_and_MPEG-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Standardization_in_SMPTE" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standardization_in_SMPTE"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Standardization in SMPTE </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standardization_in_SMPTE-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Standardization_for_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standardization_for_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Standardization for Europe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standardization_for_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Standardization_for_Japan_and_South_Korea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standardization_for_Japan_and_South_Korea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.5 Standardization for Japan and South Korea </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standardization_for_Japan_and_South_Korea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Ultra-high-definition television</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" > 39 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%82%D8%A9" title="تلفاز فائق الدقة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تلفاز فائق الدقة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_y%C3%BCks%C9%99k_g%C3%B6r%C3%BCnt%C3%BC_imkan%C4%B1_TV" title="Ultra yüksək görüntü imkanı TV – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ultra yüksək görüntü imkanı TV" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87-%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8" title="আল্ট্রা-হাই-ডেফিনিশন টেলিভিশন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আল্ট্রা-হাই-ডেফিনিশন টেলিভিশন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_alta_definici%C3%B3" title="Ultra alta definició – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ultra alta definició" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_High_Definition_Television" title="Ultra High Definition Television – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ultra High Definition Television" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_High_Definition_Television" title="Ultra High Definition Television – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ultra High Definition Television" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrak%C3%B5rglahutusega_televisioon" title="Ultrakõrglahutusega televisioon – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ultrakõrglahutusega televisioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_alta_definici%C3%B3n" title="Ultra alta definición – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ultra alta definición" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_goi_bereizmen" title="Ultra goi bereizmen – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ultra goi bereizmen" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%AD_%D8%A8%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7" title="تلویزیون وضوح بسیار بالا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تلویزیون وضوح بسیار بالا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9l%C3%A9vision_%C3%A0_ultra-haute_d%C3%A9finition" title="Télévision à ultra-haute définition – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Télévision à ultra-haute définition" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B4%88%EA%B3%A0%EC%84%A0%EB%AA%85_%ED%85%94%EB%A0%88%EB%B9%84%EC%A0%84" title="초고선명 텔레비전 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="초고선명 텔레비전" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/UHD" title="UHD – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="UHD" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Televisi_definisi_ultratinggi" title="Televisi definisi ultratinggi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Televisi definisi ultratinggi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_HD" title="Ultra HD – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ultra HD" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/8K" title="8K – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="8K" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_HDTV" title="Ultra HDTV – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Ultra HDTV" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B5%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE_%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%88_%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB" title="അൾട്രാ ഹൈ ഡെഫനിഷൻ ടെലിവിഷൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അൾട്രാ ഹൈ ഡെഫനിഷൻ ടെലിവിഷൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Televisyen_definisi_tinggi_ultra" title="Televisyen definisi tinggi ultra – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Televisyen definisi tinggi ultra" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra-high-definition_television" title="Ultra-high-definition television – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ultra-high-definition television" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/UHDTV" title="UHDTV – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="UHDTV" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra-Haveta-Definizzione-Visione" title="Ultra-Haveta-Definizzione-Visione – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Ultra-Haveta-Definizzione-Visione" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra-high-definition_television" title="Ultra-high-definition television – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ultra-high-definition television" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/UHDTV" title="UHDTV – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="UHDTV" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_High_Definition_Television" title="Ultra High Definition Television – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ultra High Definition Television" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra-alta_defini%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Ultra-alta definição – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ultra-alta definição" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%87%D1%91%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Телевидение сверхвысокой чёткости – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Телевидение сверхвысокой чёткости" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_High_Definition_Television" title="Ultra High Definition Television – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ultra High Definition Television" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Телевизија ултрависоке резолуције – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Телевизија ултрависоке резолуције" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrater%C3%A4v%C3%A4piirtotelevisio" 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hreflang="ta" data-title="மீயுயர் வரையறைத் தொலைக்காட்சி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94" title="โทรทัศน์ความละเอียดสูงยิ่งยวด – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โทรทัศน์ความละเอียดสูงยิ่งยวด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_y%C3%BCksek_%C3%A7%C3%B6z%C3%BCn%C3%BCrl%C3%BCkl%C3%BC_televizyon" title="Ultra yüksek çözünürlüklü televizyon – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ultra yüksek çözünürlüklü televizyon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/UHDTV" title="UHDTV – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="UHDTV" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7_%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86_%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%98%D9%86" title="الٹرا ہائی ڈیفینیشن ٹیلی ویژن – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="الٹرا ہائی ڈیفینیشن ٹیلی ویژن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">4K and 8K digital video formats</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Ultra HD" redirects here. For the video disc format, see <a href="/wiki/Ultra_HD_Blu-ray" title="Ultra HD Blu-ray">Ultra HD Blu-ray</a>. For the resolution commonly referred to as "Ultra HD", see <a href="/wiki/4K_resolution" title="4K resolution">4K resolution</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Resolution_of_SD,_Full_HD,_4K_Ultra_HD_%26_8K_Ultra_HD.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Resolution_of_SD%2C_Full_HD%2C_4K_Ultra_HD_%26_8K_Ultra_HD.svg/300px-Resolution_of_SD%2C_Full_HD%2C_4K_Ultra_HD_%26_8K_Ultra_HD.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Resolution_of_SD%2C_Full_HD%2C_4K_Ultra_HD_%26_8K_Ultra_HD.svg/450px-Resolution_of_SD%2C_Full_HD%2C_4K_Ultra_HD_%26_8K_Ultra_HD.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Resolution_of_SD%2C_Full_HD%2C_4K_Ultra_HD_%26_8K_Ultra_HD.svg/600px-Resolution_of_SD%2C_Full_HD%2C_4K_Ultra_HD_%26_8K_Ultra_HD.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="7680" data-file-height="4320" /></a><figcaption>Comparison of 8K UHDTV, 4K UHDTV, <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">HDTV</a> and <a href="/wiki/Standard-definition_television" title="Standard-definition television">SDTV</a> resolution</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CIExy1931_Rec_2020_and_Rec_709.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/CIExy1931_Rec_2020_and_Rec_709.svg/300px-CIExy1931_Rec_2020_and_Rec_709.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="340" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/CIExy1931_Rec_2020_and_Rec_709.svg/450px-CIExy1931_Rec_2020_and_Rec_709.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/CIExy1931_Rec_2020_and_Rec_709.svg/600px-CIExy1931_Rec_2020_and_Rec_709.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="476" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>Diagram of the <a href="/wiki/CIE_1931_color_space" title="CIE 1931 color space">CIE 1931 color space</a> that shows the <a href="/wiki/Rec._2020" title="Rec. 2020">Rec. 2020</a> (UHDTV) <a href="/wiki/Color_space" title="Color space">color space</a> in the outer triangle and <a href="/wiki/Rec._709" title="Rec. 709">Rec. 709</a> (HDTV) color space in the inner triangle. Both Rec. 2020 and Rec. 709 use <a href="/wiki/Illuminant_D65" class="mw-redirect" title="Illuminant D65">Illuminant D65</a> for the <a href="/wiki/White_point" title="White point">white point</a>.</figcaption></figure> Ultra-high-definition television (also known as Ultra HD television, Ultra HD, UHDTV, UHD and Super Hi-Vision) today includes <a href="/wiki/4K_resolution#Resolutions" title="4K resolution">4K UHD</a> and <a href="/wiki/8K_resolution#Resolutions" title="8K resolution">8K UHD</a>, which are two <a href="/wiki/Digital_video" title="Digital video">digital video</a> formats with an <a href="/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(image)" title="Aspect ratio (image)">aspect ratio</a> of <a href="/wiki/16:9_aspect_ratio" title="16:9 aspect ratio">16:9</a>. These were first proposed by <a href="/wiki/NHK_Science_%26_Technology_Research_Laboratories" title="NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories">NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories</a> and later defined and approved by the <a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">International Telecommunication Union</a> (ITU).<a href="#cite_note-5">[a]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Consumer_Technology_Association" title="Consumer Technology Association">Consumer Electronics Association</a> announced on October 17, 2012, that "Ultra High Definition", or "Ultra HD", would be used for displays that have an <a href="/wiki/Display_aspect_ratio" title="Display aspect ratio">aspect ratio</a> of 16:9 or wider and at least one digital input capable of carrying and presenting native video at a minimum resolution of 3840 × 2160.<a href="#cite_note-6">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[6]</a> In 2015, the <a href="/wiki/Ultra_HD_Forum" title="Ultra HD Forum">Ultra HD Forum</a> was created to bring together the end-to-end video production ecosystem to ensure interoperability and produce industry guidelines so that adoption of ultra-high-definition television could accelerate. From just 30 in Q3 2015, the forum published a list up to 55 commercial services available around the world offering 4K resolution.<a href="#cite_note-8">[7]</a> The "UHD Alliance", an industry consortium of content creators, distributors, and hardware manufacturers, announced during a <a href="/wiki/Consumer_Electronics_Show" title="Consumer Electronics Show">Consumer Electronics Show</a> (CES) 2016 press conference its "Ultra HD Premium" specification, which defines resolution, bit depth, color gamut, <a href="/wiki/High-dynamic-range_television" title="High-dynamic-range television">high dynamic range</a> (HDR) performance required for Ultra HD (UHDTV) content and displays to carry their Ultra HD Premium logo.<a href="#cite_note-14">[b]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alternative_terms">Alternative terms</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Alternative terms">edit</a>]</div> Ultra-high-definition television is also known as Ultra HD, UHD, UHDTV, and 4K.<a href="#cite_note-ITURecommendationUHDTV-15">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-UHDTVdefined-16">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-UHDTV4Kand8K-17">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-Arstechnica2013UltraHDCES-18">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-Engadget2013UltraHDCES-19">[17]</a> In Japan, 8K UHDTV will be known as Super Hi-Vision since <a href="/wiki/Multiple_sub-Nyquist_sampling_encoding#Hi-Vision_LaserDiscs" title="Multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding">Hi-Vision</a> was the term used in Japan for HDTV.<a href="#cite_note-TVTechnologyDecember2012SuperHiVision-20">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-NHK2011SuperHiVisionOpenHouse-21">[19]</a> In the consumer electronics market companies had previously only used the term <a href="/wiki/4K_resolution" title="4K resolution">4K</a> at the 2012 <a href="/wiki/Consumer_Electronics_Show" title="Consumer Electronics Show">CES</a> but that had changed to "Ultra HD" during CES 2013.<a href="#cite_note-Arstechnica2013UltraHDCES-18">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-Engadget2013UltraHDCES-19">[17]</a> "Ultra HD" was selected by the <a href="/wiki/Consumer_Technology_Association" title="Consumer Technology Association">Consumer Electronics Association</a> after extensive consumer research, as the term has also been established with the introduction of "<a href="/wiki/Ultra_HD_Blu-ray" title="Ultra HD Blu-ray">Ultra HD Blu-ray</a>".<a href="#cite_note-CEAJanuary2013UltraHDterm-22">[20]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technical_details">Technical details</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Technical details">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Super Hi-Vision/8K Specifications <a href="#cite_note-TVTechnologyDecember2012SuperHiVision-20">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-NHK2011SuperHiVisionOpenHouse-21">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-NHKOpenHouse2013Exhibit3-23">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-NHKstandardSHV-24">[22]</a></caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number of pixels</th><td class="infobox-data">7680×4320</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Aspect ratio</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/16:9" class="mw-redirect" title="16:9">16:9</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Viewing distance</th><td class="infobox-data">0.75 H</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Viewing angle</th><td class="infobox-data">100°</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Colorimetry</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rec._2020" title="Rec. 2020">Rec. 2020</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Frame rate</th><td class="infobox-data">120 Hz progressive</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Bit depth</th><td class="infobox-data">12 bits per channel (<a href="/wiki/RGB_color_model" title="RGB color model">RGB</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Audio system</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/22.2_surround_sound" title="22.2 surround sound">22.2 surround sound</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sampling rate</th><td class="infobox-data">48/96 kHz</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Audio bit depth</th><td class="infobox-data">16/20/24 bits</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number of audio channels</th><td class="infobox-data">24 ch</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Upper layer</th><td class="infobox-data">9 ch</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Middle layer</th><td class="infobox-data">10 ch</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lower layer</th><td class="infobox-data">3 ch</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">LFE</th><td class="infobox-data">2 ch</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Uncompressed video bit rate</th><td class="infobox-data">144 Gbit/s</td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Rec._2020" title="Rec. 2020">Rec. 2020</a> and <a href="/wiki/DisplayPort#DisplayID" title="DisplayPort">DisplayPort: DisplayID</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Resolution">Resolution</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Resolution">edit</a>]</div> Two resolutions are defined as UHDTV:<a href="#cite_note-ITURecommendationUHDTV-15">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-UHDTVdefined-16">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-UHDTV4Kand8K-17">[15]</a> <ul><li>UHDTV-1 is 3840 pixels wide by 2160 pixels tall (8.3 <a href="/wiki/Pixel#Megapixel" title="Pixel">megapixels</a>), which is four times as many pixels as the 1920 × 1080 (2.07 megapixels) of current <a href="/wiki/1080p" title="1080p">1080p</a> <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">HDTV</a> (full HDTV). <ul><li>Also known as 2160p, and 4K UHD. Although roughly similar in resolution to 4K digital cinema formats, it should not be confused with <a href="/wiki/4K_resolution#Resolutions" title="4K resolution">other 4K resolutions</a> such as the 4096 × 2160 DCI 4K/Cinema 4K. The total number of pixels of RGB stripe type is 8.3 megapixels.</li></ul></li> <li>UHDTV-2 is 7680 pixels wide by 4320 pixels tall (33.18 megapixels), also referred to as 4320p and 8K UHD, which is sixteen times as many pixels as current <a href="/wiki/1080p" title="1080p">1080p</a> <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">HDTV</a>, which brings it closer to the detail level of <a href="/wiki/IMAX" title="IMAX">15/70 mm IMAX</a>.<a href="#cite_note-UHDTVdefined-16">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[24]</a> <a href="/wiki/NHK" title="NHK">NHK</a> advertises the 8K UHDTV format with <a href="/wiki/22.2_surround_sound" title="22.2 surround sound">22.2 surround sound</a> as Super Hi-Vision, which can be broadcast with H.264 codecs.<a href="#cite_note-27">[25]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Color_space,_dynamic_range,_frame_rate_and_resolution/aliasing">Color space, dynamic range, frame rate and resolution/aliasing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Color space, dynamic range, frame rate and resolution/aliasing">edit</a>]</div> The human visual system has a limited ability to discern improvements in resolution when picture elements are already small enough or distant enough from the viewer. At some home viewing distances and current TV sizes, HD resolution is near the limits of resolution for the eye and increasing resolution to 4K has little perceptual impact, if consumers are beyond the critical distance (<a href="/wiki/Bernard_J._Lechner" title="Bernard J. Lechner">Lechner distance</a>) to appreciate the differences in pixel count between 4K and HD. One exception is that even if resolution surpasses the resolving ability of the human eye, there is still an improvement in the way the image appears due to higher resolutions reducing <a href="/wiki/Aliasing" title="Aliasing">spatial aliasing</a>. UHDTV provides other image enhancements in addition to pixel density. Specifically, dynamic range and color are greatly enhanced, and these impact saturation and contrast differences that are readily resolved greatly improve the experience of 4KTV compared to HDTV. UHDTV allows the future use of the new <a href="/wiki/Rec._2020" title="Rec. 2020">Rec. 2020</a> (UHDTV) color space which can reproduce colors that cannot be shown with the current <a href="/wiki/Rec._709" title="Rec. 709">Rec. 709</a> (HDTV) color space.<a href="#cite_note-TVTechnologyDecember2012SuperHiVision-20">[18]</a> In terms of <a href="/wiki/CIE_1931_color_space" title="CIE 1931 color space">CIE 1931 color space</a>, the Rec. 2020 color space covers 75.8%, compared to coverage by the <a href="/wiki/DCI-P3" title="DCI-P3">DCI-P3</a> <a href="/wiki/Digital_cinema" title="Digital cinema">digital cinema</a> reference projector color space of just 53.6%, 52.1% by <a href="/wiki/Adobe_RGB_color_space" title="Adobe RGB color space">Adobe RGB color space</a>, while the Rec. 709 color space covers only 35.9%.<a href="#cite_note-TVTechnologyDecember2012SuperHiVision-20">[18]</a> UHDTV's increases in <a href="/wiki/Dynamic_range" title="Dynamic range">dynamic range</a> allow not only brighter highlights but also increased detail in the greyscale. UHDTV also allows for <a href="/wiki/Frame_rate" title="Frame rate">frame rates</a> up to 120 frames per second (fps).<a href="#cite_note-UHDTV4Kand8K-17">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-Recommendation2020-28">[26]</a> UHDTV potentially allows Rec. 2020, higher dynamic range, and higher frame rates to work on HD services without increasing resolution to 4K, providing improved quality without as high of an increase in bandwidth demand. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2001–2005">2001–2005</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2001–2005">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fuji_UHDTV_prototype_camera,_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Fuji_UHDTV_prototype_camera%2C_2006.jpg/220px-Fuji_UHDTV_prototype_camera%2C_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Fuji_UHDTV_prototype_camera%2C_2006.jpg/330px-Fuji_UHDTV_prototype_camera%2C_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Fuji_UHDTV_prototype_camera%2C_2006.jpg/440px-Fuji_UHDTV_prototype_camera%2C_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1517" data-file-height="2176" /></a><figcaption>Prototype camera head (2006)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:8K_Camera_(2009_version).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/8K_Camera_%282009_version%29.jpg/220px-8K_Camera_%282009_version%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/8K_Camera_%282009_version%29.jpg/330px-8K_Camera_%282009_version%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/8K_Camera_%282009_version%29.jpg/440px-8K_Camera_%282009_version%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>Prototype camera head (2009)</figcaption></figure> The first displays capable of displaying 4K content appeared in 2001, as the <a href="/wiki/IBM_T220/T221_LCD_monitors" title="IBM T220/T221 LCD monitors">IBM T220/T221 LCD monitors</a>. <a href="/wiki/NHK" title="NHK">NHK</a> researchers built a UHDTV prototype which they demonstrated in 2003.<a href="#cite_note-NHK2003UHDTVSystem-29">[27]</a> They used an array of 16 HDTV recorders with a total capacity of almost 3.5 <a href="/wiki/Byte#Multiple-byte_units" title="Byte">TB</a> that could capture up to 18 minutes of test footage.<a href="#cite_note-NHK2003UHDTVSystem-29">[27]</a> The camera itself was built with four 2.5-inch (64 mm) <a href="/wiki/Charge-coupled_device" title="Charge-coupled device">CCDs</a>, each with a resolution of only 3840 × 2048.<a href="#cite_note-NHK2003UHDTVSystem-29">[27]</a> Using two CCDs for green and one each for red and blue, they then used a spatial pixel offset method to bring it to 7680 × 4320.<a href="#cite_note-NHK2003UHDTVSystem-29">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[c]</a> Subsequently, an improved and more compact system was built using <a href="/wiki/Active-pixel_sensor#CMOS_sensor" title="Active-pixel sensor">CMOS image sensor</a> technology<a href="#cite_note-31">[28]</a> and the CMOS image sensor system was demonstrated at <a href="/wiki/Expo_2005" title="Expo 2005">Expo 2005</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aichi_Prefecture" title="Aichi Prefecture">Aichi</a>, Japan, the <a href="/wiki/NAB_Show" title="NAB Show">NAB 2006</a> and <a href="/wiki/NAB_Show" title="NAB Show">NAB 2007</a> conferences, <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Valley" title="Las Vegas Valley">Las Vegas</a>, at <a href="/wiki/International_Broadcasting_Convention" title="International Broadcasting Convention">IBC 2006</a> and <a href="/wiki/International_Broadcasting_Convention" title="International Broadcasting Convention">IBC 2008</a>,<a href="#cite_note-32">[29]</a> <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Consumer_Electronics_Show#2009" title="Consumer Electronics Show">CES 2009</a>. A review of the NAB 2006 demo was published in a broadcast engineering e-newsletter.<a href="#cite_note-33">[30]</a> Individuals at NHK and elsewhere projected that the timeframe for UHDTV to be available in domestic homes varied between 2015 and 2020 but Japan was to get it in the 2016 time frame.<a href="#cite_note-C4WDefault-5885334-34">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2006–2010">2006–2010</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2006–2010">edit</a>]</div> On November 2, 2006, NHK demonstrated a live relay of a UHDTV program over a 260 kilometer distance by a <a href="/wiki/Fiber-optic_communication" title="Fiber-optic communication">fiber-optic network</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NHK2006LiveRelay-35">[32]</a> Using <a href="/wiki/Wavelength-division_multiplexing#Dense_WDM" title="Wavelength-division multiplexing">dense wavelength division multiplex (DWDM)</a>, 24 <a href="/wiki/Data-rate_units#Gigabit_per_second" title="Data-rate units">Gbit/s</a> speed was achieved with a total of 16 different wavelength signals.<a href="#cite_note-NHK2006LiveRelay-35">[32]</a> On December 31, 2006, NHK demonstrated a live relay of their annual <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dhaku_Uta_Gassen" title="Kōhaku Uta Gassen">Kōhaku Uta Gassen</a> over <a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol">IP</a> from Tokyo to a 450 in (11 m) screen in <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a>. Using a <a href="/wiki/Video_codec" title="Video codec">codec</a> developed by NHK, the video was <a href="/wiki/Data_compression#Video" title="Data compression">compressed</a> from 24 Gbit/s to 180–600 <a href="/wiki/Data-rate_units#Megabit_per_second" title="Data-rate units">Mbit/s</a> and the audio was <a href="/wiki/Data_compression#Audio" title="Data compression">compressed</a> from 28 Mbit/s to 7–28 Mbit/s.<a href="#cite_note-36">[33]</a> Uncompressed, a 20-minute broadcast would require roughly 4 <a href="/wiki/Byte" title="Byte">TB</a> of storage. The <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Motion_Picture_and_Television_Engineers" title="Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers">SMPTE</a> first released Standard 2036 for UHDTV in 2007.<a href="#cite_note-BeyondHDarticle-37">[34]</a> UHDTV was defined as having two levels, called UHDTV1 (3840 × 2160) and UHDTV2 (7680 × 4320).<a href="#cite_note-BeyondHDarticle-37">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-EBUTechnicalIssue07-38">[35]</a> In May 2007, the NHK did an indoor demonstration at the NHK Open House in which a UHDTV signal (7680 × 4320 at 60 fps) was compressed to a 250 Mbit/s MPEG2 stream.<a href="#cite_note-EBUSuperHiVision2008-39">[36]</a> The signal was input to a 300 MHz wide band modulator and broadcast using a 500 MHz <a href="/wiki/Phase-shift_keying#Quadrature_phase-shift_keying_(QPSK)" title="Phase-shift keying">QPSK</a> modulation.<a href="#cite_note-EBUSuperHiVision2008-39">[36]</a> This "on the air" transmission had a very limited range (less than 2 meters), but shows the feasibility of a satellite transmission in the 36,000 km orbit.<a href="#cite_note-EBUSuperHiVision2008-39">[36]</a> In 2008, <a href="/wiki/Micron_Technology" title="Micron Technology">Aptina Imaging</a> announced the introduction of a new CMOS image sensor specifically designed for the NHK UHDTV project.<a href="#cite_note-40">[37]</a> During IBC 2008 Japan's <a href="/wiki/NHK" title="NHK">NHK</a>, Italy's <a href="/wiki/RAI" title="RAI">RAI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sky_UK" title="Sky UK">BSkyB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samsung" title="Samsung">Samsung</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panasonic" title="Panasonic">Panasonic Corporation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sharp_Corporation" title="Sharp Corporation">Sharp Corporation</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Toshiba" title="Toshiba">Toshiba</a> (with various partners) demonstrated the first ever public live transmission of UHDTV, from London to the conference site in Amsterdam.<a href="#cite_note-41">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[39]</a> On June 9, 2010, Panasonic announced that its professional plasma display lineup would include an 152-inch (3.9 m) plasma display with 4K resolution. At the time of announcement, it was the largest 4K display and the largest television.<a href="#cite_note-43">[40]</a> On September 29, 2010, the NHK partnered up and recorded <a href="/wiki/The_Charlatans_(English_band)" title="The Charlatans (English band)">The Charlatans</a> live in the UK in the UHDTV format, before broadcasting over the internet to Japan.<a href="#cite_note-44">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2011">2011</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 2011">edit</a>]</div> On May 19, 2011, Sharp in collaboration with NHK demonstrated a direct-view 85 in (220 cm) LCD display capable of 7680 × 4320 pixels at 10 bits per channel.<a href="#cite_note-45">[42]</a> It was the first direct-view Super Hi-Vision-compatible display released.<a href="#cite_note-46">[43]</a> Before 2011, UHDTV allowed for <a href="/wiki/Frame_rate" title="Frame rate">frame rates</a> of 24, 25, 50, and 60 fps.<a href="#cite_note-EBUTechnicalIssue07-38">[35]</a> In an ITU-R meeting during 2011, an additional frame rate was added to UHDTV of 120 fps.<a href="#cite_note-EBUTechnicalIssue10-47">[44]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2012">2012</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 2012">edit</a>]</div> On February 23, 2012, NHK announced that with <a href="/wiki/Shizuoka_University" title="Shizuoka University">Shizuoka University</a> they had developed an 8K sensor that can shoot video at 120 fps.<a href="#cite_note-48">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[47]</a> In April 2012, Panasonic, in collaboration with NHK announced a 145 in (370 cm) display (7680 × 4320 at 60 fps), which has 33.2 million 0.417 mm square pixels.<a href="#cite_note-51">[48]</a> In April 2012, the four major South Korean terrestrial broadcasters (<a href="/wiki/Korean_Broadcasting_System" title="Korean Broadcasting System">KBS</a>, MBC, SBS, and EBS) announced that in the future, they would begin test broadcasts of UHDTV on channel 66 in <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>.<a href="#cite_note-TechnicalReviewApril-52">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-UHDTVetnews-53">[50]</a> At the time of the announcement, the UHDTV technical details had not yet been decided.<a href="#cite_note-TechnicalReviewApril-52">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-UHDTVetnews-53">[50]</a> <a href="/wiki/LG_Electronics" title="LG Electronics">LG Electronics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Samsung" title="Samsung">Samsung</a> are also involved in UHDTV test broadcasts.<a href="#cite_note-UHDTVetnews-53">[50]</a> In May 2012, NHK showed the world's first ultra-high-definition shoulder-mount camera.<a href="#cite_note-NHKUHDTVShoulderMountCamera-54">[51]</a> By reducing the size and weight of the camera, the portability had been improved, making it more maneuverable than previous prototypes, so it could be used in a wide variety of shooting situations.<a href="#cite_note-NHKUHDTVShoulderMountCamera-54">[51]</a> The single-chip sensor uses a Bayer color-filter array, where only one color component is acquired per pixel.<a href="#cite_note-NHKUHDTVShoulderMountCamera-54">[51]</a> Researchers at NHK also developed a high-quality up-converter, which estimates the other two color components to convert the output into full resolution video.<a href="#cite_note-NHKUHDTVShoulderMountCamera-54">[51]</a> Also in May 2012, NHK showed the ultra-high-definition imaging system it has developed in conjunction with Shizuoka University, which outputs 33.2-megapixel video at 120 fps with a <a href="/wiki/Color_depth" title="Color depth">color depth</a> of 12 bits per component.<a href="#cite_note-2012NHK120fpsUHDTV-55">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-2012NHKOpenHouse120ImageSensor-56">[53]</a> As ultra-high-definition broadcasts at full resolution are designed for large, wall-sized displays, there is a possibility that fast-moving subjects may not be clear when shot at 60 fps, so the option of 120 fps has been standardized for these situations.<a href="#cite_note-2012NHK120fpsUHDTV-55">[52]</a> To handle the sensor output of approximately 4 billion pixels per second with a data rate as high as 51.2 Gbit/s, a faster analog-to-digital converter has been developed to process the data from the pixels, and then a high-speed output circuit distributes the resulting digital signals into 96 parallel channels.<a href="#cite_note-2012NHK120fpsUHDTV-55">[52]</a> This 1.5 in (38 mm) CMOS sensor is smaller and uses less power when compared to conventional ultra-high-definition sensors, and it is also the world's first to support the full specifications of the ultra-high-definition standard.<a href="#cite_note-2012NHK120fpsUHDTV-55">[52]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics" title="2012 Summer Olympics">2012 Summer Olympics</a> in Great Britain, the format was publicly showcased by the world's largest broadcaster, the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>,<a href="#cite_note-57">[54]</a> which set up 15-meter-wide screens in London, Glasgow, and <a href="/wiki/Bradford" title="Bradford">Bradford</a> to allow viewers to see the Games in ultra-high definition.<a href="#cite_note-58">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[56]</a> On May 31, 2012,<a href="#cite_note-60">[57]</a> Sony released the VPL-VW1000ES 4K 3D Projector,<a href="#cite_note-61">[58]</a> the world's first consumer-prosumer projector using the 4K UHDTV system, with the shutter-glasses stereoscopic 3D technology priced at US$24,999.99.<a href="#cite_note-62">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[60]</a> On August 22, 2012, LG announced the world's first 3D UHDTV using the 4K system.<a href="#cite_note-64">[61]</a> On August 23, 2012, UHDTV was officially approved as a standard by the <a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">International Telecommunication Union</a> (ITU), standardizing both 4K and 8K resolutions for the format in <a href="/wiki/Rec._2020" title="Rec. 2020">ITU-R Recommendation BT.2020</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Recommendation2020-28">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[62]</a> On September 15, 2012, David Wood, Deputy Director of the <a href="/wiki/European_Broadcasting_Union" title="European Broadcasting Union">EBU</a> Technology and Development Department (who chairs the ITU working group that created Rec. 2020), told <a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a> that South Korea plans to begin test broadcasts of 4K UHDTV next year.<a href="#cite_note-THRhorizon-66">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-THRDavidWood-67">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-EBUawards-68">[65]</a> Wood also said that many broadcasters have the opinion that going from HDTV to 8K UHDTV is too much of a leap and that it would be better to start with 4K UHDTV.<a href="#cite_note-THRhorizon-66">[63]</a> In the same article, Masakazu Iwaki, NHK Research senior manager, said that the NHK plan to go with 8K UHDTV is for economic reasons since directly going to 8K UHDTV would avoid an additional transition from 4K UHDTV to 8K UHDTV.<a href="#cite_note-THRhorizon-66">[63]</a> On October 18, 2012, the <a href="/wiki/Consumer_Technology_Association" title="Consumer Technology Association">Consumer Electronics Association</a> (CEA) announced that it had been unanimously agreed by the CEA's Board of Industry Leaders that the term "Ultra High-Definition", or "Ultra HD", would be used for displays that have a resolution of at least 8 megapixels with a vertical resolution of at least 2,160 pixels and a horizontal resolution of at least 3,840 pixels.<a href="#cite_note-CEA_20121018-69">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-bcUltraHD-70">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-HMMUltraHD-71">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-PCMagUltraHD-72">[69]</a> The Ultra HD label also requires the display to have an aspect ratio of 16:9 or wider and to have at least one digital input that can carry and present a native video signal of 3840 × 2160 without having to rely on a <a href="/wiki/Video_scaler" title="Video scaler">video scaler</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CEA_20121018-69">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-bcUltraHD-70">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-HMMUltraHD-71">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-PCMagUltraHD-72">[69]</a> Sony announced they would market their 4K products as 4K Ultra High-Definition (4K UHD).<a href="#cite_note-Sony4KUltraHD-73">[70]</a> On October 23, 2012, Ortus Technology Co., Ltd announced the development of the world's smallest 3840 × 2160 pixel LCD panel with a size of 9.6 in (24 cm) and a <a href="/wiki/Pixel_density" title="Pixel density">pixel density</a> of 458 px/in.<a href="#cite_note-OrtusSmallest4K2Kdisplay-74">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-TechOnSmallest4K2Kdisplay-75">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-ElectronistaSmallest4K2Kdisplay-76">[73]</a> The LCD panel is designed for medical equipment and professional video equipment.<a href="#cite_note-OrtusSmallest4K2Kdisplay-74">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-TechOnSmallest4K2Kdisplay-75">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-ElectronistaSmallest4K2Kdisplay-76">[73]</a> On October 25, 2012, LG Electronics began selling the first flat panel Ultra HD display in the United States with a resolution of 3840 × 2160.<a href="#cite_note-EngadgetLG84LM9600-77">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-USATodayLGUltraHDarrives-78">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-CEProLGUltraHDarrives-79">[76]</a> The LG 84LM9600 is an 84 in (210 cm) flat panel <a href="/wiki/LED-backlit_LCD" title="LED-backlit LCD">LED-backlit LCD display</a> with a price of US$19,999 though the retail store was selling it for US$16,999.<a href="#cite_note-EngadgetLG84LM9600-77">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-USATodayLGUltraHDarrives-78">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-CEProLGUltraHDarrives-79">[76]</a> On November 29, 2012, Sony announced the 4K Ultra HD Video Player—a hard disk server preloaded with ten 4K movies and several 4K video clips that they planned to include with the Sony XBR-84X900.<a href="#cite_note-Sony4KUltraHDContent-80">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-PRNewswireSony4KUltraHDContent-81">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-EngadgetSony4KUltraHDContent-82">[79]</a> The preloaded 4K movies are <a href="/wiki/The_Amazing_Spider-Man_(film)" title="The Amazing Spider-Man (film)">The Amazing Spider-Man</a>, <a href="/wiki/Total_Recall_(2012_film)" title="Total Recall (2012 film)">Total Recall</a> (2012), <a href="/wiki/The_Karate_Kid_(2010_film)" title="The Karate Kid (2010 film)">The Karate Kid</a> (2010), <a href="/wiki/Salt_(2010_film)" title="Salt (2010 film)">Salt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Battle:_Los_Angeles" title="Battle: Los Angeles">Battle: Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Other_Guys" title="The Other Guys">The Other Guys</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bad_Teacher" title="Bad Teacher">Bad Teacher</a>, <a href="/wiki/That%27s_My_Boy_(2012_film)" title="That's My Boy (2012 film)">That's My Boy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taxi_Driver" title="Taxi Driver">Taxi Driver</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_Bridge_on_the_River_Kwai" title="The Bridge on the River Kwai">The Bridge on the River Kwai</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Sony4KUltraHDContent-80">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-PRNewswireSony4KUltraHDContent-81">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-EngadgetSony4KUltraHDContent-82">[79]</a> Additional 4K movies and 4K video clips will be offered for the 4K Ultra HD Video Player in the future.<a href="#cite_note-Sony4KUltraHDContent-80">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-PRNewswireSony4KUltraHDContent-81">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-EngadgetSony4KUltraHDContent-82">[79]</a> On November 30, 2012, <a href="/wiki/Red_Digital_Cinema" title="Red Digital Cinema">Red Digital Cinema Camera Company</a> announced that they were taking pre-orders for the US$1,450 REDRAY 4K Cinema Player, which can output 4K resolution to a single 4K display or to four 1080p displays arranged in any configuration via four HDMI 1.4 connections.<a href="#cite_note-REDRAY4KCinemaPlayer-83">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-EngadgetREDRAY4KCinemaPlayer-84">[81]</a> Video output can be DCI 4K (4096 × 2160), 4K Ultra HD, 1080p, and 720p at frame rates of up to 60 fps with a color depth of up to 12 bpc with 4:2:2 chroma subsampling.<a href="#cite_note-REDRAY4KCinemaPlayer-83">[80]</a> Audio output can be up to 7.1 channels.<a href="#cite_note-REDRAY4KCinemaPlayer-83">[80]</a> Content is distributed online using the ODEMAX video service.<a href="#cite_note-REDRAY4KCinemaPlayer-83">[80]</a> External storage can be connected using <a href="/wiki/SATA" title="SATA">eSATA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a>, <a href="/wiki/USB" title="USB">USB</a>, or a <a href="/wiki/SD_card" title="SD card">Secure Digital</a> memory card.<a href="#cite_note-REDRAY4KCinemaPlayer-83">[80]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2013">2013</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 2013">edit</a>]</div> On January 6, 2013, the NHK announced that Super Hi-Vision satellite broadcasts could begin in Japan in 2016.<a href="#cite_note-PCWorldJanuary2013NHK2016-85">[82]</a> On January 7, 2013, <a href="/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat">Eutelsat</a> announced the first dedicated 4K Ultra HD channel.<a href="#cite_note-Eutelsat20134KUltraHD-86">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-Eutelsat20134KUltraHDPDF-87">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-EngadgetEutelsat20134KUltraHD-88">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-BroadcastengineeringEutelsat20134KUltraHD-89">[86]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ateme" title="Ateme">Ateme</a> uplinks the <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Video_Coding" title="Advanced Video Coding">H.264/MPEG-4 AVC</a> channel to the Eutelsat 10A satellite.<a href="#cite_note-Eutelsat20134KUltraHD-86">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-Eutelsat20134KUltraHDPDF-87">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-EngadgetEutelsat20134KUltraHD-88">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-BroadcastengineeringEutelsat20134KUltraHD-89">[86]</a> The 4K Ultra HD channel has a frame rate of 50 fps and is encoded at 40 Mbit/s.<a href="#cite_note-Eutelsat20134KUltraHD-86">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-Eutelsat20134KUltraHDPDF-87">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-EngadgetEutelsat20134KUltraHD-88">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-BroadcastengineeringEutelsat20134KUltraHD-89">[86]</a> The channel started transmission on January 8, 2013.<a href="#cite_note-Eutelsat20134KUltraHD-86">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-Eutelsat20134KUltraHDPDF-87">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-EngadgetEutelsat20134KUltraHD-88">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-BroadcastengineeringEutelsat20134KUltraHD-89">[86]</a> On the same day <a href="/wiki/Qualcomm" title="Qualcomm">Qualcomm</a> CEO Paul Jacobs announced that mobile devices capable of playing and recording 4K Ultra HD video would be released in 2013[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">needs update</a>] using the <a href="/wiki/Snapdragon_(system_on_chip)" class="mw-redirect" title="Snapdragon (system on chip)">Snapdragon</a> 800 chip.<a href="#cite_note-Qualcomm20134KUltraHDQualcommCES-90">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wired20134KUltraHDQualcommCES-91">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zdnet20134KUltraHDQualcommCES-92">[89]</a> On January 8, 2013, <a href="/wiki/Broadcom" title="Broadcom">Broadcom</a> announced the BCM7445, an Ultra HD decoding chip capable of decoding <a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">High Efficiency Video Coding</a> (HEVC) at up to 4096 × 2160 at 60 fps.<a href="#cite_note-BroadcomHEVCJanuary2013Chip-93">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-BroadcomHEVCJanuary2013CES-94">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-EngadgetBroadcomHEVCJanuary2013CES-95">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-VenturebeatBroadcomHEVCJanuary2013CES-96">[93]</a> The BCM7445 is a 28 nm <a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture_family" title="ARM architecture family">ARM architecture</a> chip capable of 21,000 <a href="/wiki/Dhrystone" title="Dhrystone">Dhrystone</a> <a href="/wiki/Instructions_per_second#Millions_of_instructions_per_second_(MIPS)" title="Instructions per second">MIPS</a> with volume production estimated for the middle of 2014.<a href="#cite_note-BroadcomHEVCJanuary2013Chip-93">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-BroadcomHEVCJanuary2013CES-94">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-EngadgetBroadcomHEVCJanuary2013CES-95">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-VenturebeatBroadcomHEVCJanuary2013CES-96">[93]</a> On the same day <a href="/wiki/THX" title="THX">THX</a> announced the "THX 4K Certification" program for Ultra HD displays.<a href="#cite_note-THX2013THX4KUltraHD-97">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-Yahoo2013THX4KUltraHD-98">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-Businesswire2013THX4KUltraHD-99">[96]</a> The certification involves up to 600 tests and the goal of the program is so that "content viewed on a THX Certified Ultra HD display meets the most exacting video standards achievable in a consumer television today".<a href="#cite_note-THX2013THX4KUltraHD-97">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-Yahoo2013THX4KUltraHD-98">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-Businesswire2013THX4KUltraHD-99">[96]</a> On January 14, 2013, <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray_Disc_Association" title="Blu-ray Disc Association">Blu-ray Disc Association</a> president Andy Parsons stated that a task force created three months ago is studying an extension to the <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray Disc</a> specification that would add support for 4K Ultra HD video.<a href="#cite_note-PCWorld2003JanuaryBDA4KUltraHD-100">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-Expertreviews2003JanuaryBDA4KUltraHD-101">[98]</a> On January 25, 2013, the BBC announced that the <a href="/wiki/BBC_Studios_Natural_History_Unit" title="BBC Studios Natural History Unit">BBC Natural History Unit</a> would produce Survival—the first wildlife TV series recorded in 4K resolution. This was announced after the BBC had experimented with 8K during the London Olympics.<a href="#cite_note-TheindependentJanuary20134KUltraHDBroadcast-102">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-TechradarJanuary20134KUltraHDBroadcast-103">[100]</a> On January 27, 2013, <a href="/wiki/The_Asahi_Shimbun" title="The Asahi Shimbun">Asahi Shimbun</a> reported that 4K Ultra HD satellite broadcasts would start in Japan with the <a href="/wiki/2014_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2014 FIFA World Cup">2014 FIFA World Cup</a>.<a href="#cite_note-TechradarJanuary20134KUltraHDBroadcast-103">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheregisterJanuary20134KUltraHDBroadcast-104">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-VenturebeatJanuary20134KUltraHDBroadcast-105">[102]</a> Japan's Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications decided on this move to stimulate demand for 4K Ultra HD TVs.<a href="#cite_note-TechradarJanuary20134KUltraHDBroadcast-103">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheregisterJanuary20134KUltraHDBroadcast-104">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-VenturebeatJanuary20134KUltraHDBroadcast-105">[102]</a> On February 21, 2013, Sony announced that the <a href="/wiki/PlayStation_4" title="PlayStation 4">PlayStation 4</a> would support 4K resolution output for photos and videos but wouldn't <a href="/wiki/Rendering_(computer_graphics)" title="Rendering (computer graphics)">render</a> games at that resolution.<a href="#cite_note-JoystiqPS4resolutionFebruary2013-106">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-PolygonPS4resolutionFebruary2013-107">[104]</a> On March 26, 2013, the <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Television_Systems_Committee" title="Advanced Television Systems Committee">Advanced Television Systems Committee</a> (ATSC) announced a call for proposals for the <a href="/wiki/ATSC_3.0" title="ATSC 3.0">ATSC 3.0</a> physical layer that specifies support for 3840 × 2160 resolution at 60 fps.<a href="#cite_note-AtscPDFMarch20134ATSC3PhysicalLayer-108">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-AtscPRMarch20134ATSC3PhysicalLayer-109">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-BroadcastMarch20134ATSC3PhysicalLayer-110">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-TVTechnologyMarch20134ATSC3PhysicalLayer-111">[108]</a> On April 11, 2013, Bulb TV created by Canadian entrepreneur Evan Kosiner became the first broadcaster to provide a 4K linear channel and VOD content to cable and satellite companies in North America.<a href="#cite_note-112">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[112]</a> The channel is licensed by the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Radio-television_and_Telecommunications_Commission" title="Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission">Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission</a> to provide educational content.<a href="#cite_note-116">[113]</a> On April 19, 2013, <a href="/wiki/SES_S.A." class="mw-redirect" title="SES S.A.">SES</a> announced the first Ultra HD transmission using the <a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">HEVC</a> standard.<a href="#cite_note-HEVC4KUltraHDSESApril2013Ses-117">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-HEVC4KUltraHDSESApril2013Yahoo-118">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-HEVC4KUltraHDSESApril2013Broadcast-119">[116]</a> The transmission had a resolution of 3840 × 2160 and a bit rate of 20 Mbit/s.<a href="#cite_note-HEVC4KUltraHDSESApril2013Ses-117">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-HEVC4KUltraHDSESApril2013Yahoo-118">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-HEVC4KUltraHDSESApril2013Broadcast-119">[116]</a> On May 9, 2013, <a href="/wiki/NHK" title="NHK">NHK</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Electric" title="Mitsubishi Electric">Mitsubishi Electric</a> announced that they had jointly developed the first <a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">HEVC</a> encoder for 8K Ultra HD TV, which is also called Super Hi-Vision (SHV).<a href="#cite_note-HEVC8KUltraHDMay2013Cdrinfo-120">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-HEVC8KUltraHDMay2013Engadget-121">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-HEVC8KUltraHDMay2013Mitsubishi-122">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-HEVC8KUltraHDMay2013Yahoo-123">[120]</a> The HEVC encoder supports the Main 10 profile at Level 6.1 allowing it to encode 10 bpc video with a resolution of 7680 × 4320 at 60 fps.<a href="#cite_note-HEVC8KUltraHDMay2013Cdrinfo-120">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-HEVC8KUltraHDMay2013Engadget-121">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-HEVC8KUltraHDMay2013Mitsubishi-122">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-HEVC8KUltraHDMay2013Yahoo-123">[120]</a> The HEVC encoder has 17 <a href="/wiki/Serial_digital_interface" title="Serial digital interface">3G-SDI</a> inputs and uses 17 boards for parallel processing with each board encoding a row of 7680 × 256 pixels to allow for real time video encoding.<a href="#cite_note-HEVC8KUltraHDMay2013Cdrinfo-120">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-HEVC8KUltraHDMay2013Engadget-121">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-HEVC8KUltraHDMay2013Mitsubishi-122">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-HEVC8KUltraHDMay2013Yahoo-123">[120]</a> The HEVC encoder is compliant with draft 4 of the HEVC standard and has a maximum bit rate of 340 Mbit/s.<a href="#cite_note-NHKOpenHouse2013Exhibit6-124">[121]</a> The HEVC encoder was shown at the <a href="/wiki/NHK_Science_%26_Technology_Research_Laboratories" title="NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories">NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories</a> Open House 2013 that took place from May 30 to June 2.<a href="#cite_note-HEVC8KUltraHDMay2013Cdrinfo-120">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-HEVC8KUltraHDMay2013Mitsubishi-122">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-NHKOpenHouse2013Website-125">[122]</a> At the NHK Open House 2013 the HEVC encoder used a bit rate of 85 Mbit/s, which gives a compression ratio of 350∶1.<a href="#cite_note-NHKOpenHouseMay2013Diginfo-126">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-NHKOpenHouseMay2013Video-127">[124]</a> On May 21, 2013, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> announced the <a href="/wiki/Xbox_One" title="Xbox One">Xbox One</a>, which supports 4K resolution (3840 × 2160) video output and <a href="/wiki/7.1_surround_sound" title="7.1 surround sound">7.1 surround sound</a>.<a href="#cite_note-XboxOneMay2013EngadgetSpecs-128">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-XboxOne4KGamingMay2013Forbes-129">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-XboxOneMay2013Xbit-130">[127]</a> Yusuf Mehdi, corporate vice president of marketing and strategy for Microsoft, has stated that there is no hardware restriction that would prevent Xbox One games from running at 4K resolution.<a href="#cite_note-XboxOne4KGamingMay2013Forbes-129">[126]</a> On May 30, 2013, Eye IO announced that their encoding technology was licensed by <a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures" title="Sony Pictures">Sony Pictures Entertainment</a> to deliver 4K Ultra HD video.<a href="#cite_note-SonyEyeIOMay2013EyeIO-131">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-SonyEyeIOMay2013Variety-132">[129]</a> Eye IO encodes their video assets at 3840 × 2160 and includes support for the <a href="/wiki/XvYCC" title="XvYCC">xvYCC</a> color space.<a href="#cite_note-SonyEyeIOMay2013EyeIO-131">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-SonyEyeIOMay2013Variety-132">[129]</a> In mid-2013, a Chinese television manufacturer produced the first 50-inch UHD television set costing less than $1,000.<a href="#cite_note-133">[130]</a> On June 11, 2013, <a href="/wiki/Comcast" title="Comcast">Comcast</a> announced that they had demonstrated the first public U.S.-based delivery of 4K Ultra HD video at the 2013 <a href="/wiki/NCTA_(association)" title="NCTA (association)">NCTA</a> show.<a href="#cite_note-Comcast4KUltraHDJune2013Marketwatch-134">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-Comcast4KUltraHDJune2013Comcast-135">[132]</a> The demonstration included segments from <a href="/wiki/Oblivion_(2013_film)" title="Oblivion (2013 film)">Oblivion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Defiance_(TV_series)" title="Defiance (TV series)">Defiance</a>, and nature content sent over a <a href="/wiki/DOCSIS" title="DOCSIS">DOCSIS</a> 3.0 network.<a href="#cite_note-Comcast4KUltraHDJune2013Comcast-135">[132]</a> On June 13, 2013, <a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a> announced that they would end the broadcast of the <a href="/wiki/ESPN_3D" title="ESPN 3D">ESPN 3D</a> channel by the end of that year and would "...experiment with things like UHDTV."<a href="#cite_note-ESPN3DJune2013CNN-136">[133]</a> On June 26, 2013, Sharp announced the LC-70UD1U, which is a 70 in (180 cm) 4K Ultra HD TV.<a href="#cite_note-SharpUltraHDJune2013PRNewswire-137">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-SharpUltraHDJune2013HomeTheater-138">[135]</a> The LC-70UD1U is the world's first TV with THX 4K certification.<a href="#cite_note-SharpUltraHDJune2013PRNewswire-137">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-SharpUltraHDJune2013HomeTheater-138">[135]</a> On July 2, 2013, <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Kimmel_Live!" title="Jimmy Kimmel Live!">Jimmy Kimmel Live!</a> recorded in 4K Ultra HD a performance by musical guest <a href="/wiki/Karmin" title="Karmin">Karmin</a>, and the video clip was used as demonstration material at Sony stores.<a href="#cite_note-JimmyKimmelUltraHDJuly2013THR-139">[136]</a> On July 3, 2013, Sony announced the release of their 4K Ultra HD Media Player with a price of US$7.99 for rentals and US$29.99 for purchases.<a href="#cite_note-Sony4KUltraPlayerJuly2013Sony-140">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sony4KUltraPlayerJuly2013Verge-141">[138]</a> The 4K Ultra HD Media Player only worked with Sony's 4K Ultra HD TVs.<a href="#cite_note-Sony4KUltraPlayerJuly2013Verge-141">[138]</a> On July 15, 2013, the CTA published CTA-861-F, a standard that applies to interfaces such as DVI, HDMI, and LVDS.<a href="#cite_note-CEA861FpublishedJuly2013Businesswire-142">[139]</a> The CTA-861-F standard adds support for several Ultra HD video formats and additional color spaces.<a href="#cite_note-CEA861FpublishedJuly2013Businesswire-142">[139]</a> On September 2, 2013 <a href="/wiki/Acer_Inc." title="Acer Inc.">Acer</a> announced the first smartphone, dubbed Liquid S2, capable of recording 4K video.<a href="#cite_note-143">[140]</a> On September 4, 2013, the HDMI Forum released the <a href="/wiki/HDMI" title="HDMI">HDMI 2.0</a> specification, which supports 4K resolution at 60 fps.<a href="#cite_note-HDMI2PressReleaseSeptember2013-144">[141]</a> On the same day, Panasonic announced the Panasonic TC-L65WT600—the first 4K TV to support 4K resolution at 60 FPS.<a href="#cite_note-PanasonicHDMI2First4KTVCNET-145">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-PanasonicHDMI2First4KTVHDTVtest-146">[143]</a> The Panasonic TC-L65WT600 has a 65 in (170 cm) screen, support for DisplayPort 1.2a, support for HDMI 2.0, an expected ship date of October, and a suggested retail price of US$5,999.<a href="#cite_note-PanasonicHDMI2First4KTVCNET-145">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-PanasonicHDMI2First4KTVHDTVtest-146">[143]</a> On September 12–17, 2013,<a href="#cite_note-C4WDefault-4835867-147">[144]</a> at the 2013 IBC Conference in Amsterdam, Nagra introduced an Ultra HD User Interface called Project Ultra based on HTML5, which works with OpenTV 5.<a href="#cite_note-C4WDefault-7468785-148">[145]</a> On October 4, 2013, <a href="/wiki/DigitalEurope" title="DigitalEurope">DigitalEurope</a> announced the requirements for their UHD logo in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-DigitalEuropeUHDlogoHDTVtest-149">[146]</a> The DigitalEurope UHD logo requires that the display support a resolution of at least 3840 × 2160, a 16∶9 aspect ratio, the <a href="/wiki/Rec._709" title="Rec. 709">Rec. 709</a> (HDTV) color space, 8 bpc color depth, a frame rate of 24, 25, 30, 50, or 60 fps, and at least 2-channel audio.<a href="#cite_note-DigitalEuropeUHDlogoHDTVtest-149">[146]</a> On October 29, 2013, <a href="/wiki/AWS_Elemental" title="AWS Elemental">Elemental Technologies</a> announced support for real-time 4K Ultra HD <a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">HEVC</a> video processing. Elemental provided live video streaming of the 2013 <a href="/wiki/Osaka_Marathon" title="Osaka Marathon">Osaka Marathon</a> on October 27, 2013, in a workflow designed by K-Opticom, a telecommunications operator in Japan. Live coverage of the race in 4K Ultra HD was available to viewers at the International Exhibition Center in Osaka. This transmission of 4K Ultra HD HEVC video in real-time was an industry-first.<a href="#cite_note-World-150">[147]</a> On November 28, 2013, Organizing Committee of the XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games 2014 in Sochi chief Dmitri Chernyshenko stated that the 2014 Olympic Winter Games would be shot in 8K Super Hi-Vision.<a href="#cite_note-151">[148]</a> On December 25, 2013, YouTube added a "2160p 4K" option to its videoplayer. Previously, a visitor had to select the "original" setting in the video quality menu to watch a video in 4K resolution. With the new setting, YouTube users can much more easily identify and play 4K videos.<a href="#cite_note-152">[149]</a> On December 30, 2013, Samsung announced availability of its 110 in (280 cm) Ultra HDTV for custom orders, making this the world's largest Ultra HDTV so far.<a href="#cite_note-153">[150]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2014">2014</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 2014">edit</a>]</div> On January 22, 2014, <a href="/wiki/European_Southern_Observatory" title="European Southern Observatory">European Southern Observatory</a> became the first scientific organization to deliver Ultra HD footage at regular intervals.<a href="#cite_note-154">[151]</a> On May 6, 2014, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> announced<a href="#cite_note-155">[152]</a> DVB-T2 tests in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> for Ultra HD <a href="/wiki/HEVC" class="mw-redirect" title="HEVC">HEVC</a> broadcast with objectives to replace by 2020 the current <a href="/wiki/DVB-T" title="DVB-T">DVB-T</a> <a href="/wiki/MPEG-4" title="MPEG-4">MPEG4</a> HD national broadcast. On May 26, 2014, satellite operator <a href="/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat">Eutelsat</a> announced<a href="#cite_note-156">[153]</a> the launch of Europe's first Ultra HD demo channel in HEVC, broadcasting at 50 fps. The channel is available on the <a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird" title="Hot Bird">Hot Bird</a> satellites and can be watched by viewers with 4K TVs equipped with DVB-S2 demodulators and HEVC decoders. In June 2014, the <a href="/wiki/2014_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2014 FIFA World Cup">FIFA World Cup</a> of that year (held in <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>) became the first shot entirely in 4K Ultra HD, by <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a>. The <a href="/wiki/European_Broadcasting_Union" title="European Broadcasting Union">European Broadcasting Union</a> (EBU) broadcast matches of the <a href="/wiki/FIFA_World_Cup" title="FIFA World Cup">FIFA World Cup</a> to audiences in North America, Latin America, Europe and Asia in Ultra HD via <a href="/wiki/SES_S.A." class="mw-redirect" title="SES S.A.">SES</a>' <a href="/wiki/NSS-7" title="NSS-7">NSS-7</a> and <a href="/wiki/SES-6" title="SES-6">SES-6</a> satellites.<a href="#cite_note-157">[154]</a> Indian satellite TV provider unveils its plan to launch 4K UHD service early in 2015 and showcased live <a href="/wiki/FIFA_World_Cup" title="FIFA World Cup">FIFA World Cup</a> quarter final match in 4K UHD through <a href="/wiki/Sony_Entertainment_Television" title="Sony Entertainment Television">Sony Entertainment Television</a> <a href="/wiki/Sony_Sports_Network" title="Sony Sports Network">Sony SIX</a>.<a href="#cite_note-158">[155]</a> On June 24, 2014, the CEA updated the guidelines for Ultra High-Definition and released guidelines for Connected Ultra High-Definition, adding support for internet video delivered with <a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">HEVC</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CEA_20140624-159">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-TwiceCEA20140624-160">[157]</a> The CEA is developing a UHD logo for voluntary use by companies that make products that meet CEA guidelines.<a href="#cite_note-CEA_20140624-159">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-TwiceCEA20140624-160">[157]</a> The CEA also clarified that "Ultra High-Definition", "Ultra HD", or "UHD" can be used with other modifiers and gave an example with "Ultra High-Definition TV 4K".<a href="#cite_note-CEA_20140624-159">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-TwiceCEA20140624-160">[157]</a> On July 15, 2014, Researchers from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Essex" title="University of Essex">University of Essex</a> both captured and delivered its graduation ceremonies in 4K UHDTV over the internet using <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Video_Coding" title="Advanced Video Coding">H.264</a> in realtime.<a href="#cite_note-4kCSEEessex-161">[158]</a><a href="#cite_note-162">[159]</a> The 4K video stream was published at 8 Mbit/s and 14 Mbit/s for all its 11 ceremonies, with people viewing in from countries such as Cyprus, Bulgaria, Germany, Australia, UK, and others. On September 4, 2014, <a href="/wiki/Canon_Inc." title="Canon Inc.">Canon Inc.</a> announced that a firmware upgrade would add Rec. 2020 color space support to their EOS C500 and EOS C500 PL camera models and their DP-V3010 4K display.<a href="#cite_note-MW2020CanonCamerasSeptember2014-163">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-BW2020CanonDisplaySeptember2014-164">[161]</a> On September 4, 2014, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> announced a firmware update for the <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Lumia" title="Microsoft Lumia">Microsoft Lumia</a> <a href="/wiki/Nokia_Lumia_1020" title="Nokia Lumia 1020">1020</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_Lumia_930" title="Nokia Lumia 930">930</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_Lumia_Icon" title="Nokia Lumia Icon">Icon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nokia_Lumia_1520" title="Nokia Lumia 1520">1520</a> phones that adds 4K video recording. The update was later released by the individual phone carriers over the following weeks and months after the announcement.<a href="#cite_note-165">[162]</a> On September 5, 2014, the <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray_Disc_Association" title="Blu-ray Disc Association">Blu-ray Disc Association</a> announced that the 4K <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray Disc</a> specification supports 4K video at 60 fps, <a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">High Efficiency Video Coding</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Rec._2020" title="Rec. 2020">Rec. 2020</a> color space, <a href="/wiki/High_dynamic_range" title="High dynamic range">high dynamic range</a>, and 10 bpc <a href="/wiki/Color_depth" title="Color depth">color depth</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CNET4KBlu-raySeptember2014-166">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-HMM4KBlu-raySeptember2014-167">[164]</a> 4K Blu-ray Disc will have a data rate of at least 50 Mbit/s and may include support for 66 GB and 100 GB discs.<a href="#cite_note-CNET4KBlu-raySeptember2014-166">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-HMM4KBlu-raySeptember2014-167">[164]</a> 4K Blu-ray Disc began licensing in 2015, with 4K Blu-ray Disc players released late that year.<a href="#cite_note-CNET4KBlu-raySeptember2014-166">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-HMM4KBlu-raySeptember2014-167">[164]</a> On September 5, 2014, <a href="/wiki/DigitalEurope" title="DigitalEurope">DigitalEurope</a> released an Ultra HD logo for companies that meet their technical requirements.<a href="#cite_note-DigitalEuropeSeptember2014Press-168">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-DigitalEuropeSeptember2014Technical-169">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-DTGSeptember2014Logo-170">[167]</a> On September 11, 2014, satellite operator <a href="/wiki/SES_S.A." class="mw-redirect" title="SES S.A.">SES</a> announced the first Ultra HD <a href="/wiki/Conditional_access" title="Conditional access">conditional access</a>-protected broadcast using <a href="/wiki/DVB" title="DVB">DVB</a> standards at the <a href="/wiki/International_Broadcasting_Convention" title="International Broadcasting Convention">IBC</a> show in Amsterdam. The demonstration used a <a href="/wiki/Samsung" title="Samsung">Samsung</a> Ultra HD TV, with a standard <a href="/wiki/Kudelski_Group" title="Kudelski Group">Kudelski</a> SmarDTV CI Plus conditional access module, to decrypt a full 3840 × 2160 pixel CAS-protected Ultra HD signal in <a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">HEVC</a> broadcast via an SES <a href="/wiki/Astra_(satellite)" title="Astra (satellite)">Astra</a> satellite at <a href="/wiki/Astra_19.2%C2%B0E" title="Astra 19.2°E">19.2°E</a>.<a href="#cite_note-171">[168]</a> On November 19, 2014, rock band <a href="/wiki/Linkin_Park" title="Linkin Park">Linkin Park</a>'s concert at Berlin's O2 World Arena was broadcast live in Ultra HD via an <a href="/wiki/Astra_19.2%C2%B0E" title="Astra 19.2°E">Astra 19.2°E</a> satellite. The broadcast was encoded in the UHD 4K standard with the HEVC codec (50 fps and a 10 bpc color depth), and was a joint enterprise of satellite owner <a href="/wiki/SES_S.A." class="mw-redirect" title="SES S.A.">SES</a>, <a href="/wiki/SES_Platform_Services" title="SES Platform Services">SES Platform Services</a> (later <a href="/wiki/MX1_Ltd" title="MX1 Ltd">MX1</a>, now part of <a href="/wiki/SES_S.A.#SES_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="SES S.A.">SES Video</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Samsung" title="Samsung">Samsung</a>.<a href="#cite_note-172">[169]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2015">2015</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 2015">edit</a>]</div> Indian satellite pay TV provider <a href="/wiki/Tata_Play" title="Tata Play">Tata Sky</a> launched UHD service and UHD Set Top Box on 9 January 2015. The service is 4K at 50 fps and price of the UHD box is <a href="/wiki/Indian_rupee" title="Indian rupee">₹</a>5900 for existing SD/HD customers and <a href="/wiki/Indian_rupee" title="Indian rupee">₹</a>6400 for new customers. The <a href="/wiki/2015_Cricket_World_Cup" title="2015 Cricket World Cup">Cricket World Cup 2015</a> was telecast live in 4K for free to those who own Tata Sky's UHD 4K STB. In May 2015, <a href="/wiki/France_T%C3%A9l%C3%A9visions" title="France Télévisions">France Télévisions</a> broadcast matches from <a href="/wiki/French_Open" title="French Open">Roland Garros</a> live in Ultra HD via the EUTELSAT 5 West A satellite in the <a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">HEVC</a> standard. The channel "France TV Sport Ultra HD" was available via the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fransat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fransat (page does not exist)">Fransat</a> platform for viewers in France.<a href="#cite_note-173">[170]</a> In May 2015, satellite operator <a href="/wiki/SES_S.A." class="mw-redirect" title="SES S.A.">SES</a> announced that Europe's first <a href="/wiki/Free-to-air" title="Free-to-air">free-to-air</a> Ultra HD channel (from Germany's pearl.tv shopping channel) would launch in September 2015, broadcast in native Ultra HD via the <a href="/wiki/Astra_19.2%C2%B0E" title="Astra 19.2°E">Astra 19.2°E</a> satellite position.<a href="#cite_note-174">[171]</a> In June 2015, SES launched its first Ultra HD demonstration channel for cable operators and content distributors in North America to prepare their systems and test their networks for Ultra HD delivery. The channel is broadcast from the <a href="/wiki/SES-3" title="SES-3">SES-3</a> satellite at 103°W.<a href="#cite_note-175">[172]</a> In June 2015, <a href="/wiki/SPI_International" title="SPI International">SPI International</a> previewed its "4K FunBox UHD" Ultra HD channel on the HOT BIRD 4K1 channel, in advance of its commercial launch on <a href="/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat">Eutelsat</a>'s HOT BIRD satellites in the autumn.<a href="#cite_note-176">[173]</a> In July 2015, German HD satellite broadcaster <a href="/wiki/HD%2B" title="HD+">HD+</a> and TV equipment manufacturer <a href="/wiki/TechniSat" title="TechniSat">TechniSat</a> announced an Ultra HD TV set with integrated decryption for reception of existing HD+ channels (available in the Autumn) and a new Ultra HD demonstration channel due to begin broadcasting in September.<a href="#cite_note-177">[174]</a> On 2 August 2015, The FA Community Shield in England was broadcast in Ultra HD by broadcast company <a href="/wiki/TNT_Sports_(United_Kingdom)" title="TNT Sports (United Kingdom)">BT Sport</a>, becoming the first live football game shown in Ultra HD on the world's first commercial Ultra HD channel. The match was shown on Europe's first Ultra HD channel, <a href="/wiki/TNT_Sports_(United_Kingdom)" title="TNT Sports (United Kingdom)">BT Sport</a> Ultra HD where selected live English Premier League and European Champions League matches were broadcast.<a href="#cite_note-IBT_1-178">[175]</a> Fashion One 4K launched on September 2, 2015 becoming the first global Ultra HD TV channel. Reaching nearly 370 million households across the World, the fashion, lifestyle and entertainment network broadcasts via satellite from Measat at 91.5°E (for Asia Pacific, Middle East, Australia) and from <a href="/wiki/SES_S.A." class="mw-redirect" title="SES S.A.">SES</a> satellites <a href="/wiki/Astra_19.2%C2%B0E" title="Astra 19.2°E">Astra 19.2°E</a> (for Europe), SES-3 at 103°W (for North America), NSS-806 at 47.5°W (for South America).<a href="#cite_note-179">[176]</a> In September 2015, <a href="/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat">Eutelsat</a> presented new consumer research, conducted by <a href="/wiki/Kantar_TNS" title="Kantar TNS">TNS</a> and <a href="/wiki/GfK" title="GfK">GfK</a>, on Ultra HD and screen sales in key TV markets. The study looked at consumer exposure to Ultra HD, perceived benefits and willingness to invest in equipment and content. GfK predicts a 200% increase in Ultra HD screen sales from June to December 2015, with sales expected to reach five million by the end of the year. GfK also forecasts that Ultra HD screens in 2020 will represent more than 70% of total sales across Europe and almost 60% in the Middle East and North Africa.<a href="#cite_note-180">[177]</a> On 2 September 2015, Sony unveiled the Xperia Z5 Premium; the first smartphone with a 4K display.<a href="#cite_note-181">[178]</a> On 9 September 2015, <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple Inc.</a> announced that their new smartphone the <a href="/wiki/IPhone_6s" title="IPhone 6s">iPhone 6S</a> could record video in 4K.<a href="#cite_note-182">[179]</a> On 6 October 2015, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> unveiled the latest version of their <a href="/wiki/Surface_Book" title="Surface Book">Microsoft Surface Book</a> laptop with a display of "over 6 million pixels" and their new phones the <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Lumia_950" title="Microsoft Lumia 950">Microsoft Lumia 950</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Lumia_950_XL" title="Microsoft Lumia 950 XL">950 XL</a>, which, aside from 4K video recording that their predecessors included, feature a display of "over 5 million pixels".<a href="#cite_note-183">[180]</a> On 8 December 2015, the ceremony of the opening of the Holy Door in Vatican City, which marked the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Extraordinary_Jubilee_of_Mercy" title="Extraordinary Jubilee of Mercy">Jubilee Year of Mercy</a> in the Roman Catholic church, was the first worldwide Ultra HD broadcast via satellite.<a href="#cite_note-184">[181]</a> The event was produced by the Vatican Television Center with the support of Eutelsat, Sony, Globecast and DBW Communication. The team did some advanced experimentation with 4K/High Dynamic Range live images and in particular using technology developed by the BBC's R&D division and Japan's public broadcaster NHK in terms of Hybrid Log Gamma (HLG) signals.<a href="#cite_note-185">[182]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2016">2016</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 2016">edit</a>]</div> The "UHD Alliance", an industry consortium of content creators, distributors, and hardware manufacturers, announced Monday on January 11, 2016 during CES 2016 press conference its "Ultra HD Premium" specification, which defines resolution, bit depth, color gamut, <a href="/wiki/High-dynamic-range_television" title="High-dynamic-range television">high dynamic range</a> (HDR) performance required for Ultra HD (UHDTV) content and displays to carry their Ultra HD Premium logo.<a href="#cite_note-uhdalliance.org-9">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-businesswire.com-10">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-wired.co.uk-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-engadget.com-12">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnet.com-13">[12]</a> On April 2, 2016, Ultra-high-definition television demo channel UHD1 broadcast the <a href="/wiki/Le_Corsaire" title="Le Corsaire">Le Corsaire</a> ballet in Ultra HD live from the Vienna State Opera. The programme was produced by <a href="/wiki/Astra_(satellite)" title="Astra (satellite)">Astra</a> satellite owner, <a href="/wiki/SES_S.A." class="mw-redirect" title="SES S.A.">SES</a> in collaboration with European culture channel <a href="/wiki/Arte" title="Arte">ARTE</a>, and transmitted free-to-air, available to anyone with reception of the <a href="/wiki/Astra_19.2%C2%B0E" title="Astra 19.2°E">Astra 19.2°E</a> satellites and an ultra HD screen equipped with an HEVC decoder.<a href="#cite_note-186">[183]</a> As of April 2016, <a href="/wiki/The_NPD_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="The NPD Group">The NPD Group</a> reported that 6 million 4K UHD televisions had been sold.<a href="#cite_note-187">[184]</a> In May 2016, <a href="/wiki/Modern_Times_Group" title="Modern Times Group">Modern Times Group</a>, owner of the <a href="/wiki/Viasat_(Nordic_television_service)" title="Viasat (Nordic television service)">Viasat</a> DTH platform announced the launch of Viasat Ultra HD, the first UHD channel for the Nordic region. The channel features selected live sport events especially produced in Ultra HD and launch in the autumn via the <a href="/wiki/SES-5" title="SES-5">SES-5</a> satellite at <a href="/wiki/Astra_5%C2%B0E" title="Astra 5°E">5°E</a>. Viasat is also launching an Ultra HD set-top box from <a href="/wiki/Samsung" title="Samsung">Samsung</a> and a TV-module that enables existing UHD TVs to display the channel.<a href="#cite_note-188">[185]</a> Satellite operator, SES said that the launch of Viasat Ultra HD brings the number of UHD channels (including test channels and regional versions) carried on SES satellites to 24, or 46% of all UHD channels broadcast via satellite worldwide.<a href="#cite_note-189">[186]</a> In August 2016, <a href="/wiki/Sky_Group" title="Sky Group">Sky</a> announced that 4K broadcasts would begin via their new <a href="/wiki/Sky_UK#Sky_Q" title="Sky UK">Sky Q</a> 2TB box. The opening match of the <a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%9317_Premier_League" title="2016–17 Premier League">2016-17 Premier League</a> between <a href="/wiki/Hull_City_A.F.C." title="Hull City A.F.C.">Hull City</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leicester_City_F.C." title="Leicester City F.C.">Leicester City</a> on <a href="/wiki/Sky_Sports" title="Sky Sports">Sky Sports</a> was the first 4K transmission.<a href="#cite_note-190">[187]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2017">2017</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 2017">edit</a>]</div> On 29 September 2017, <a href="/wiki/BSAT-4a" title="BSAT-4a">BSAT-4a</a>, dedicated for UHDTV programming and was also claimed "the world's first 8K satellite", was launched from the <a href="/wiki/Guiana_Space_Centre" title="Guiana Space Centre">Guiana Space Centre</a> aboard <a href="/wiki/Ariane_5" title="Ariane 5">Ariane 5</a> rocket. BSAT-4a would be used for <a href="/wiki/2020_Summer_Olympics" title="2020 Summer Olympics">2020 Summer Olympics</a> held in Japan.<a href="#cite_note-191">[188]</a> Additionally, in September 2017, <a href="/wiki/Kaleidescape" title="Kaleidescape">Kaleidescape</a>, a manufacturer of home-theater movie players and servers made 4K UHD movies compatible with their movie store, and with their movie players.<a href="#cite_note-192">[189]</a> In December 2017, Qualcomm announced that their Snapdragon 845 chipset and Spectra 280 Image Signal Processor would be the first phone SoC to record video in UHD Premium.<a href="#cite_note-193">[190]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2018">2018</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 2018">edit</a>]</div> In April 2018, RTL started broadcasting its own UHD channel in Germany. First available at <a href="/wiki/Astra_19.2%C2%B0E" title="Astra 19.2°E">Astra 19.2°E</a>, the Channel shows UHD productions, Formula 1, Football and Deutschland sucht den Superstar. Satellite operator <a href="/wiki/SES_S.A." class="mw-redirect" title="SES S.A.">SES</a> broadcast an 8K television signal via its satellite system for the first time in May 2018. The 8K demonstration content, with a resolution of 7680 × 4320 pixels, a frame rate of 60 fps, and 10 bpc color depth, was encoded in <a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">HEVC</a> and transmitted at a rate of 80 Mbit/s via the <a href="/wiki/Astra_3B" title="Astra 3B">Astra 3B</a> satellite during SES's Industry Days conference in Luxembourg.<a href="#cite_note-194">[191]</a> In June 2018, <a href="/wiki/FuboTV" title="FuboTV">fuboTV</a> broadcast the <a href="/wiki/2018_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2018 FIFA World Cup">2018 FIFA World Cup</a> live in 4K and <a href="/wiki/High-dynamic-range_television" title="High-dynamic-range television">HDR10</a> becoming the first <a href="/wiki/Over-the-top_media_service" title="Over-the-top media service">OTT</a> streaming service to do so.<a href="#cite_note-sportspromedia-fubo-4k-195">[192]</a> Quarter, Semi and Final matches were available on many popular streaming devices including Apple TV, Chromecast Ultra, Fire TV, Roku and Android TVs. Content was streamed at 60 frames per second using <a href="/wiki/HTTP_Live_Streaming" title="HTTP Live Streaming">HLS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Adaptive_Streaming_over_HTTP" title="Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP">DASH</a>. Video was sent in <a href="/wiki/MP4_file_format" title="MP4 file format">fragmented MP4</a> containers delivering <a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">HEVC</a> encoded video. On December 1, 2018, NHK launched <a href="/wiki/NHK_BS8K" title="NHK BS8K">BS8K</a>, a broadcast channel transmitting at 8K resolution.<a href="#cite_note-bs8k-196">[193]</a><a href="#cite_note-bs8k_2-197">[194]</a><a href="#cite_note-198">[195]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2019">2019</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 2019">edit</a>]</div> In February 25, 2019 at the event of 2019 <a href="/wiki/Mobile_World_Congress" title="Mobile World Congress">Mobile World Congress</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a> announced the <a href="/wiki/Sony_Xperia_1" title="Sony Xperia 1">Xperia 1</a>, the first smartphone featuring a <a href="/wiki/21:9_aspect_ratio" title="21:9 aspect ratio">ultrawide 21:9</a> aspect ratio <a href="/wiki/4K_resolution" title="4K resolution">4K</a> <a href="/wiki/High_dynamic_range" title="High dynamic range">HDR</a> <a href="/wiki/OLED" title="OLED">OLED</a> display (with a resolution of 3840 × 1644), which would be released on May 30, 2019.<a href="#cite_note-199">[196]</a> In May 2019, for the first time in Europe, 8K demonstration content was received via satellite without the need for a separate external receiver or decoder. At the 2019 <a href="/wiki/SES_S.A." class="mw-redirect" title="SES S.A.">SES</a> Industry Days conference at Betzdorf, Luxembourg broadcast quality 8K content (with a resolution of 7680 × 4320 pixels at 50 fps) was encoded using a Spin Digital <a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">HEVC</a> encoder (at a bit rate of 70 Mbit/s), uplinked to a single 33 MHz transponder on SES' <a href="/wiki/Astra_28.2%C2%B0E" title="Astra 28.2°E">Astra 28.2°E</a> satellites and the downlink received and displayed on a <a href="/wiki/Samsung_Electronics" title="Samsung Electronics">Samsung</a> 82 in (210 cm) Q950RB production model TV.<a href="#cite_note-200">[197]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_4K_television_channels">List of 4K television channels</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: List of 4K television channels">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Global">Global</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Global">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_4K" title="Fashion 4K">Fashion 4K</a></li> <li>Festival 4K</li> <li>High 4K TV</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Europe">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ul><li>4K Heritage</li> <li>4K UltraHD FunBox<a href="#cite_note-201">[198]</a></li> <li>4K Universe</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SES_S.A." class="mw-redirect" title="SES S.A.">Astra Promo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BeIN_Sports_(Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="BeIN Sports (Spain)">beIN Sports 4K</a> (Spain)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canal%2B_(French_TV_channel)" title="Canal+ (French TV channel)">Canal+</a><a href="#cite_note-Lyngsat-202">[199]</a></li> <li>Canal+ 4K Ultra HD (Poland)</li> <li>Digi 4K (Romania)</li> <li>Digiturk UHD<a href="#cite_note-203">[200]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_(UK_and_Ireland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Discovery (UK and Ireland)">Discovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurosport" title="Eurosport">Eurosport 4K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_One" title="Fashion One">Fashion One</a> 4K</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="Fashion TV">Fashion TV 4K</a></li> <li>Festival 4K</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insight" title="Insight">Insight</a><a href="#cite_note-204">[201]</a> UHD</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M3_(Hungarian_TV_channel)" title="M3 (Hungarian TV channel)">M3.hu UHD (online only)</a></li> <li>M6 4K</li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movistar_F%C3%B3rmula_1" class="extiw" title="es:Movistar Fórmula 1">Movistar Fórmula 1 UHD</a><a href="#cite_note-205">[202]</a></li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movistar_Partidazo" class="extiw" title="es:Movistar Partidazo">Movistar Partidazo UHD</a><a href="#cite_note-206">[203]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_TV" title="NASA TV">NASA TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NPO_1" title="NPO 1">NPO 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="Pearl TV">Pearl TV</a><a href="#cite_note-207">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/ProSiebenSat.1_UHD" class="extiw" title="de:ProSiebenSat.1 UHD">ProsiebenSat.1 UHD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QVC_Germany" title="QVC Germany">QVC Deutschland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QVC_Germany" title="QVC Germany">QVC Zwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAI" title="RAI">Rai 4K</a><a href="#cite_note-208">[205]</a></li> <li>RMC Sport 1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTL_Television" class="mw-redirect" title="RTL Television">RTL UHD</a><a href="#cite_note-Lyngsat-202">[199]</a></li> <li>RTVS UltraHD</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SES_S.A." class="mw-redirect" title="SES S.A.">SES Ultra HD Demo Channel</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/SFR_Sport_4K" class="extiw" title="fr:SFR Sport 4K">SFR Sport 4K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_Italia" title="Sky Italia">Sky Sport 4K (Italy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_UK" title="Sky UK">Sky UHD1 (UK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_UK" title="Sky UK">Sky UHD2 (UK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_Sport_(Germany)" title="Sky Sport (Germany)">Sky Sport UHD (Germany)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_Sport_(Germany)" title="Sky Sport (Germany)">Sky Sport Bundesliga UHD</a> (Germany)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_UK" title="Sky UK">Sky Sports Main Event UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_UK" title="Sky UK">Sky Sports F1 UHD UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sportklub" class="mw-redirect" title="Sportklub">Sportklub 4K</a></li> <li>Sport TV 4K UHD<a href="#cite_note-209">[206]</a><a href="#cite_note-210">[207]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travelxp" title="Travelxp">Travelxp</a></li> <li>Tricolor Ultra HD<a href="#cite_note-211">[208]</a></li> <li>TF1 4K</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNT_Sports_(United_Kingdom)" title="TNT Sports (United Kingdom)">TNT Sports Ultimate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRT_4K" title="TRT 4K">TRT 4K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Televisi%C3%B3n_Espa%C3%B1ola" title="Televisión Española">TVE</a> <a href="/wiki/La_1_(Spanish_TV_channel)" title="La 1 (Spanish TV channel)">La 1</a> UHD (Spain)<a href="#cite_note-212">[209]</a></li> <li>TVP 4K (Poland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD%2B" title="HD+">UHD-1</a></li> <li>V Sport Ultra HD</li> <li>Virgin TV Ultra HD</li> <li>Wow! 4K</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Africa">Africa</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Africa">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Botswana_Television" title="Botswana Television">BTV</a> (Botswana)</li> <li>EBS 4K (Ethiopia)</li> <li>Nahoo sports+ UHD (Ethiopia)</li> <li>Nahoo sports+2 UHD (Ethiopia)</li> <li>ETV sports UHD (Ethiopia)</li> <li>Kana TV 4K (Ethiopia)</li> <li>on Time sports HD (Egypt)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Americas">Americas</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Americas">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NASA_TV" title="NASA TV">NASA TV UHD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sportsnet" title="Sportsnet">Sportsnet 4K</a> and Sportsnet One 4K (Canada)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sports_Network" title="The Sports Network">TSN 4K</a> and TSN 2 4K (Canada)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat" title="Hispasat">Hispasat TV 4K</a> (Latin America)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_One" title="Fashion One">Fashion One 4K</a></li> <li>Fox Sports 4K and Fox Sports 1 4K (USA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirecTV#4K_television" title="DirecTV">DirecTV 4K</a> and DirecTV Cinema 4K (USA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a> (USA)</li> <li>4KUNIVERSE</li> <li>Insight UHD</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Country_Network" title="The Country Network">The Country Network</a></li> <li>SporTV 4K (Brazil)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD%2B" title="HD+">UHD-1</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia">Asia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Asia">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ul><li><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E6%80%BB%E5%8F%B04K%E8%B6%85%E9%AB%98%E6%B8%85%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93" class="extiw" title="zh:中央广播电视总台4K超高清频道">CCTV 4K</a> (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: 中央广播电视总台4K超高清频道)</li> <li><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E6%80%BB%E5%8F%B0%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93" class="extiw" title="zh:中央广播电视总台奥林匹克频道">CCTV 16 Olympic 4K</a> (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: 中央广播电视总台奥林匹克频道)</li> <li><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%8F%B04K%E7%BB%BC%E8%89%BA%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93" class="extiw" title="zh:广东广播电视台4K综艺频道">Guangdong Radio and Television 4K Variety Channel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: 广东广播电视台4K综艺频道)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangzhou_Broadcasting_Network" title="Guangzhou Broadcasting Network">Guangzhou Television Ultra HD</a> (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: 广州南国都市频道)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Media_Group" title="Shanghai Media Group">SiTV Joy UHD</a> (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: 欢笑剧场4K频道)</li> <li><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%AD%E5%B7%9E%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%8F%B0" class="extiw" title="zh:杭州广播电视台">Wasu-Discovery UHD</a> (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: 求索纪录频道)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Media_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Beijing Media Network">Beijing TV Winter Olympic & Documentaries UHD</a> (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: 北京广播电视台冬奥纪实频道)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Media_(Indonesian_TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="First Media (Indonesian TV channel)">First Media 4K</a> (Indonesia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IndiHome" title="IndiHome">IndiHome 4K</a> (Indonesia)</li> <li>Cable 4K (South Korea)<a href="#cite_note-213">[210]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KBS1" title="KBS1">KBS1 UHD</a> (South Korea)<a href="#cite_note-uhdkorea.org-214">[211]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KBS2" title="KBS2">KBS2 UHD</a> (South Korea)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munhwa_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation">MBC UHD</a> (South Korea)<a href="#cite_note-uhdkorea.org-214">[211]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seoul_Broadcasting_System" title="Seoul Broadcasting System">SBS UHD</a> (South Korea)<a href="#cite_note-uhdkorea.org-214">[211]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_New_Network" title="Korea New Network">KNN UHD</a> (South Korea)<a href="#cite_note-uhdkorea.org-214">[211]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwangju_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Kwangju Broadcasting Corporation">KBC UHD</a> (South Korea)<a href="#cite_note-uhdkorea.org-214">[211]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taegu_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Taegu Broadcasting Corporation">TBC UHD</a> (South Korea)<a href="#cite_note-uhdkorea.org-214">[211]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taejon_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Taejon Broadcasting Corporation">TJB UHD</a> (South Korea)<a href="#cite_note-uhdkorea.org-214">[211]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulsan_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Ulsan Broadcasting Corporation">UBC UHD</a> (South Korea)<a href="#cite_note-uhdkorea.org-214">[211]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangwon_No.1_Broadcasting" title="Gangwon No.1 Broadcasting">G1 UHD</a> (South Korea)<a href="#cite_note-uhdkorea.org-214">[211]</a></li> <li>Asia UHD (South Korea)</li> <li>Insight UHD[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">place missing</a>]</li> <li>Life U (South Korea)<a href="#cite_note-215">[212]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SBS_Plus" title="SBS Plus">SBS F!L UHD</a> (South Korea)<a href="#cite_note-216">[213]</a></li> <li><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87_4K" class="extiw" title="fa:شبکه 4K">IRIB UHD</a> (Iran)</li> <li>Sky UHD[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">place missing</a>]</li> <li>UHD Dream TV[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">place missing</a>]</li> <li>UMAX (South Korea)<a href="#cite_note-217">[214]</a></li> <li>UXN[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">place missing</a>]</li> <li>4K-Sat[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">place missing</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_Play" title="Tata Play">Tata Play 4K</a> (India)</li> <li>Now Sports 4K (Hong Kong)</li> <li><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BF%A1%E7%BF%A0%E5%8F%B0" class="extiw" title="zh:翡翠台">TVB Jade UHD</a> (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: 翡翠台)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BOL_Network" title="BOL Network">Bol Network</a> (Pakistan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hum_Network_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Hum Network Limited">Hum News</a> (Pakistan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kan_11" title="Kan 11">Kan11 4K</a> (Israel)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_BS_4K&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK BS 4K (page does not exist)">NHK BS 4K</a> (Japan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nippon_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="Nippon TV">BS Nittele 4K</a> (Japan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV_Asahi" title="TV Asahi">BS Asahi 4K</a> (Japan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV_Tokyo" title="TV Tokyo">BS TV Tokyo 4K</a> (Japan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BS-TBS" title="BS-TBS">BS-TBS 4K</a> (Japan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuji_Television" title="Fuji Television">BS Fuji 4K</a> (Japan)</li> <li>SHOP CHANNEL 4K (Japan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/QVC" title="QVC">4K QVC</a> (Japan)</li> <li>THE CINEMA 4K (Japan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J_Sports" title="J Sports">J Sports</a> (Japan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Channel_(Japan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Star Channel (Japan)">Star Channel 4K</a> (Japan)</li> <li>Sukachan 4K (Japan)</li> <li>Japanese movie + Jidaigeki 4K (Japan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wowow" title="Wowow">Wowow 4K</a> (Japan)</li> <li>Astro Super Sport UHD (Malaysia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TrueVisions#4K_UHD" title="TrueVisions">True 4K</a> (Thailand)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=VTVcab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="VTVcab (page does not exist)">VTVcab</a> 4K (Vietnam)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SCTV_(Vietnam)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SCTV (Vietnam) (page does not exist)">SCTV</a> 4K (Vietnam)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oceania">Oceania</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Oceania">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Foxtel Movies Ultra HD (Australia)</li> <li>Fox Sports Ultra HD (Australia)<a href="#cite_note-218">[215]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_8K_television_channels">List of 8K television channels</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: List of 8K television channels">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NHK_BS8K" title="NHK BS8K">NHK BS8K</a> (<a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_China_Media_Group_channels" title="List of China Media Group channels">CCTV-8K</a> (<a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>)<a href="#cite_note-219">[216]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Field_trials_of_UHDTV_over_DTT_networks">Field trials of UHDTV over DTT networks</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Field trials of UHDTV over DTT networks">edit</a>]</div> Field trials using existing <a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television" title="Digital terrestrial television">digital terrestrial television</a> (DTT) transmitters have included the following.<a href="#cite_note-BT_UHDTV_DTT_TRIALS-220">[217]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Type </th> <th>Country / Region </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 150px;">Transmitter site </th> <th>Covering </th> <th>ERP </th> <th>DTT system </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 55px;">Channel bandwidth </th> <th>Transmission mode </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 55px;">Multiplex capacity </th> <th>Signal bit rate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 100px;">Video encoding standard </th> <th>Picture standard </th> <th>Audio encoding standard </th> <th>Center frequency </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">8K‑UHD </td> <td rowspan="3">Japan<a href="#cite_note-8K_UHDTV_DTT_TRIALS-221">[218]</a> </td> <td>NHK Hitoyoshi Station </td> <td rowspan="2">Hitoyoshi Area, Kumamoto Prefecture </td> <td>140 W (H) 135 W (V) </td> <td rowspan="3">ISDB-T </td> <td rowspan="3">6 MHz </td> <td rowspan="3">32k GI=1/32, 4096QAM FEC 3/4 dual-polarized MIMO </td> <td rowspan="3">91.8 Mbit/s </td> <td rowspan="3">91.0 Mbit/s </td> <td rowspan="3">MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 </td> <td rowspan="3">7680 × 4320p 59.94 frame/s 8 bit/px </td> <td rowspan="3">MPEG-4 AAC 384 kbit/s </td> <td>671 MHz (Ch 46) </td></tr> <tr> <td>NHK Mizukami Station </td> <td>25 W (H) 25 W (V) </td> <td>671 MHz (Ch 46) </td></tr> <tr> <td>NHK STRL Building </td> <td>Tokyo </td> <td>93 W (H) 93 W (V) </td> <td>581 MHz (Ch 31) </td></tr> <tr> <td>8K-UHD </td> <td>South Korea </td> <td>Technical Research Institute Building of <a href="/wiki/Korean_Broadcasting_System" title="Korean Broadcasting System">Korean Broadcasting System</a> (KBS) </td> <td>Yeoeuido, Seoul </td> <td>10 W (H) 10 W (V) </td> <td>– </td> <td>6 MHz </td> <td>2k GI=1/16, 256QAM FEC 3/4 dual-polarized MIMO </td> <td>50.475 Mbit/s (Single band) </td> <td>50.0 Mbit/s (Single band) </td> <td>HEVC </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>605 MHz & 623 MHz (Ch 36 & Ch 39) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">4K-UHD </td> <td rowspan="3">Australia <a href="#cite_note-222">[219]</a> </td> <td>Gore Hill </td> <td rowspan="3">Sydney </td> <td>50 kW </td> <td rowspan="3">DVB-T2 </td> <td rowspan="3">7 MHz </td> <td rowspan="3">16k extended mode GI=1/32, 256QAM32k FEC 3/4, PP7 </td> <td rowspan="3">38.63 Mbit/s </td> <td rowspan="3">Variable (some trials at 35 Mbit/s) </td> <td rowspan="3">HEVC </td> <td rowspan="3">3840 × 2160p </td> <td rowspan="3">MPEG-4 AAC </td> <td>212.5 MHz (Ch 10) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kings Cross </td> <td>650 W </td> <td>536.5 MHz (Ch 29) </td></tr> <tr> <td>North Head </td> <td>1 kW </td> <td>536.5 MHz (Ch 29) </td></tr> <tr> <td>4K-UHD </td> <td>Brazil </td> <td>Mt. Sumaré </td> <td>Parts of Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area </td> <td>660 W (H) 660 W (V) </td> <td>ISDB-T </td> <td>8 MHz </td> <td>32k extended mode GI=1/128, 64QAM FEC5/6, PP7 </td> <td>36.72 Mbit/s </td> <td>35.0 Mbit/s </td> <td>HEVC </td> <td>3840 × 2160p 50 frame/s 8 bit/px </td> <td>E-AC-3 5.1 </td> <td>754 MHz (Ch 56 in Region 1) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5">4K-UHD </td> <td rowspan="5">South Korea </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Gwanaksan" title="Gwanaksan">Gwanaksan</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">South Metropolitan area of Seoul </td> <td>36.7 kW </td> <td rowspan="5">DVB-T2 </td> <td rowspan="5">6 MHz </td> <td rowspan="5">32k extended mode GI=1/16, PP4, 256 QAM FEC 3/4, 4/5, 5/6 </td> <td rowspan="5">< 35.0 Mbit/s </td> <td rowspan="5">Variable (some trials at 25~34 Mbit/s) </td> <td rowspan="5">HEVC Main10 Level 5.1 Max 28 Mbit/s </td> <td rowspan="5">3840 × 2160p 60 frame/s 8 or 10 bit/px </td> <td rowspan="5"> MPEG-H 3D Audio<a href="#cite_note-223">[220]</a> </td> <td>761 MHz (Ch 62) </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.9 kW </td> <td>701 MHz (Ch 52) </td></tr> <tr> <td>40.0 kW </td> <td>707 MHz (Ch 53) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/N_Seoul_Tower" title="N Seoul Tower">Namsan</a> </td> <td>Central area of Seoul </td> <td>2.2 kW </td> <td>761 MHz (Ch 62) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yongmunsan_(Gyeonggi)" title="Yongmunsan (Gyeonggi)">Yongmunsan</a> </td> <td>West Metropolitan area of Seoul </td> <td>8.3 kW </td> <td>707 MHz (Ch 53) </td></tr> <tr> <td>4K-UHD </td> <td>France </td> <td>Eiffel Tower </td> <td>City of Paris </td> <td>1 kW </td> <td>DVB-T2 </td> <td>8 MHz </td> <td>32k extended mode GI=1/128, 256QAM FEC2/3, PP7 </td> <td>40.2 Mbit/s </td> <td>Two programmes carried: one at 22.5 Mbit/s, one at 17.5 Mbit/s </td> <td>HEVC </td> <td>3840 × 2160p 50 frame/s 8 bit/px </td> <td>HE-AAC 192 kbit/s </td> <td>514 MHz (Ch 26 in Region 1) </td></tr> <tr> <td>4K-UHD </td> <td>Spain </td> <td>ETSI Tele-comunicación </td> <td>Ciudad Universitaria Madrid </td> <td>125 W </td> <td>DVB-T2 </td> <td>8 MHz </td> <td>32k extended mode GI=1/128, 64QAM FEC5/6, PP7 </td> <td>36.72 Mbit/s </td> <td>35 Mbit/s (other bit rates also tested) </td> <td>HEVC </td> <td>3840 × 2160p 50 frame/s 8 bit/px </td> <td>E-AC-3 5.1 </td> <td>754 MHz (Ch 56 in Region 1) </td></tr> <tr> <td>4K-UHD </td> <td>Sweden </td> <td>Stockholm Nacka </td> <td>City of Stockholm </td> <td>35 kW </td> <td>DVB-T2 </td> <td>8 MHz </td> <td>32k extended mode GI=19/256, 256QAM FEC3/5, PP4 </td> <td>31.7 Mbit/s </td> <td>24 Mbit/s </td> <td>HEVC </td> <td>3840 × 2160p 29.97 frame/s 8 bit/px </td> <td> </td> <td>618 MHz (Ch 39 in Region 1) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">4K-UHD </td> <td rowspan="3">United Kingdom<a href="#cite_note-224">[221]</a> </td> <td>Crystal Palace </td> <td>Greater London (serving over 4.5 million households) </td> <td>39.8 kW </td> <td rowspan="3">DVB-T2 </td> <td rowspan="3">8 MHz </td> <td rowspan="3">32k extended mode GI=1/128, 256QAM FEC 2/3, PP7 </td> <td rowspan="3">40.2 Mbit/s </td> <td rowspan="3">Variable (some trials at 35 Mbit/s) </td> <td rowspan="3">HEVC </td> <td rowspan="3">3840 × 2160p 50 or 59.94 frame/s 8 bit/px (most) or 10 bit/px </td> <td> </td> <td>586 MHz (Ch 35 in Region 1) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Winter Hill </td> <td>North-west England, including Manchester and Liverpool (serving 2.7 million households) </td> <td>22.5 kW </td> <td> </td> <td>602 MHz (Ch 37 in Region 1) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Black Hill </td> <td>Central Scotland, including Glasgow and Edinburgh (serving 1 million households) </td> <td>39 kW </td> <td> </td> <td>586 MHz (Ch 35 in Region 1) </td></tr> <tr> <td>4K-UHD </td> <td>Czech Republic<a href="#cite_note-Czech_UHDTV-225">[222]</a> </td> <td>Žižkov Television Tower </td> <td>Prague </td> <td>– </td> <td>DVB-T2 </td> <td>8 MHz </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td> </td> <td>HEVC </td> <td>3840 × 2160p </td> <td>– </td> <td>706 MHz (Ch 50 in Region 1) </td></tr> <tr> <td>4K-UHD </td> <td>Slovakia </td> <td>Kamzík </td> <td>Bratislava </td> <td>5 kW </td> <td>DVB-T2 </td> <td> </td> <td>32k 256QAM, FEC 3/4 </td> <td>36 Mbit/s </td> <td> </td> <td>HEVC </td> <td>3840 × 2160p </td> <td> </td> <td>184.5 MHz (Ch 6) </td></tr> <tr> <td>4K-UHD </td> <td>China (P. R. of)<a href="#cite_note-226">[223]</a> </td> <td>Jiaxing </td> <td>Jiaxing, Zhejiang </td> <td>about 1 kW Signal radius: 39 km </td> <td>DTMB-A </td> <td>8 MHz </td> <td>Unknown </td> <td>Unknown </td> <td>Unknown </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS2</a> </td> <td>3840 × 2160p 50 frame/s </td> <td>Unknown Variant of DRA </td> <td>642 MHz (Ch 29) </td></tr> <tr> <td>4K-UHD </td> <td>China (P. R. of)<a href="#cite_note-227">[224]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mount_Tai" title="Mount Tai">Taishan</a> </td> <td>Parts of Luzhong area Signal radius: 130 km </td> <td>Unknown (TPO: 1kW) </td> <td>DTMB-A </td> <td>8 MHz </td> <td>Unknown </td> <td>Unknown </td> <td>Unknown (some trials at 33.53 Mbit/s for one program) </td> <td>AVS2 </td> <td>3840 × 2160p 50 frame/s </td> <td>Unknown </td> <td>778 MHz (Ch 46) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">4K-UHD </td> <td rowspan="3">Hong Kong SAR<a href="#cite_note-228">[225]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Temple_Hill_(Hong_Kong)" title="Temple Hill (Hong Kong)">Temple Hill</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Kowloon" title="Kowloon">Kowloon</a> and northern part of <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Island" title="Hong Kong Island">Hong Kong Island</a> </td> <td>1 kW </td> <td rowspan="3">DVB-T2 </td> <td rowspan="3">8 MHz </td> <td rowspan="3">32k GI=1/32, PP4, 256QAM FEC 2/3 </td> <td rowspan="3">Unknown </td> <td rowspan="3">25.8 Mbit/s </td> <td rowspan="3">HEVC </td> <td rowspan="3">3840 × 2160p 50 frame/s </td> <td rowspan="3">Unknown </td> <td rowspan="3">602 MHz (Ch 37) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kowloon_Peak" title="Kowloon Peak">Kowloon Peak</a> </td> <td>320 W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_Hill,_Hong_Kong" title="Golden Hill, Hong Kong">Golden Hill</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tsuen_Wan" title="Tsuen Wan">Tsuen Wan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kwai_Chung" title="Kwai Chung">Kwai Chung</a> </td> <td>320 W </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">4K-UHD </td> <td rowspan="3">Hong Kong SAR </td> <td>Temple Hill </td> <td rowspan="2">Kowloon and northern part of Hong Kong Island </td> <td>1 kW </td> <td rowspan="3">DTMB-A </td> <td rowspan="3">8 MHz </td> <td rowspan="3">32k 2PN1024, 256APSK FEC 2/3 </td> <td rowspan="3">37.89 Mbit/s </td> <td rowspan="3">25.5 Mbit/s </td> <td rowspan="3">HEVC </td> <td rowspan="3">3840 × 2160p 50 frame/s </td> <td rowspan="3">Unknown </td> <td rowspan="3">602 MHz (Ch 37) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kowloon Peak </td> <td>320 W </td></tr> <tr> <td>Golden Hill </td> <td>Tsuen Wan and Kwai Chung </td> <td>320 W </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Status_of_standardization_of_UHDTV">Status of standardization of UHDTV</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Status of standardization of UHDTV">edit</a>]</div> Standards that deal with UHDTV include: <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Standardization_in_ITU-R">Standardization in ITU-R</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Standardization in ITU-R">edit</a>]</div> Standards approved in ITU-R: <ul><li>Rec. ITU-R BT.1201-1 (2004)<a href="#cite_note-Recommendation1201-1-229">[226]</a></li> <li>Rec. ITU-R BT.1769 (2006)<a href="#cite_note-Recommendation1769-230">[227]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rec._2020" title="Rec. 2020">Rec. ITU-R BT.2020</a> (2012, revised 2014)<a href="#cite_note-Recommendation2020-28">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-SMPTE-CE-2036-1-2009-231">[228]</a></li> <li>Rec. ITU-R BT.2035-0 (07/13) A reference viewing environment for evaluation of HDTV program material or completed programmes</li> <li>Rec. ITU-R BS.2051-0 (02/14) Advanced sound system for programme production</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rec._2100" title="Rec. 2100">Rec. ITU-R BT.2100</a> (2016)</li></ul> Other documents prepared or being prepared by ITU-R: <ul><li>Report ITU-R BT.2246-3 (2014) The present state of ultra-high definition television</li> <li>Draft New Report ITU-R BT.[UHDTV-DTT TRIALS] (Sub-Working Group 6A-1) Collection of field trials of UHDTV over DTT networks<a href="#cite_note-BT_UHDTV_DTT_TRIALS-220">[217]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Standardization_in_ITU-T_and_MPEG">Standardization in ITU-T and MPEG</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Standardization in ITU-T and MPEG">edit</a>]</div> Standards developed in <a href="/wiki/ITU-T" title="ITU-T">ITU-T</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Video_Coding_Experts_Group" title="Video Coding Experts Group">VCEG</a> and <a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_JTC_1" title="ISO/IEC JTC 1">ISO/IEC JTC 1</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Moving_Picture_Experts_Group" title="Moving Picture Experts Group">MPEG</a> that support Ultra-HD include: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">H.265/MPEG-H HEVC</a> High Efficiency Video Coding (2013, revised 2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Video_Coding" title="Advanced Video Coding">H.264/MPEG-4 AVC</a> Advanced Video Coding (support for Ultra-HD added circa 2013)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Standardization_in_SMPTE">Standardization in SMPTE</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Standardization in SMPTE">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>SMPTE 2036-1 (2009)<a href="#cite_note-SMPTE2036-1-2009-232">[229]</a></li> <li>SMPTE 2036-2 (2008)<a href="#cite_note-SMPTE2036-2-2008-233">[230]</a></li> <li>SMPTE 2036-3 (2010)<a href="#cite_note-SMPTE2036-3-2010-234">[231]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Standardization_for_Europe">Standardization for Europe</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Standardization for Europe">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/DVB" title="DVB">DVB</a> approved the Standard TS 101 154 V2.1.1, published (07/2014) in the DVB Blue Book A157 Specification for the use of Video and Audio Coding in Broadcasting Applications based on the MPEG-2 Transport Stream, which was published by <a href="/wiki/ETSI" class="mw-redirect" title="ETSI">ETSI</a> in the following months. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Standardization_for_Japan_and_South_Korea">Standardization for Japan and South Korea</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Standardization for Japan and South Korea">edit</a>]</div> Standards for UHDTV in South Korea have been developed by its <a href="/w/index.php?title=Telecommunications_Technology_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telecommunications Technology Association (page does not exist)">Telecommunications Technology Association</a>. On August 30, 2013, the scenarios for 4K-UHDTV service were described in the Report "TTAR 07.0011: A Study on the UHDTV Service Scenarios and its Considerations". On May 22, 2014, the technical report "TTAR-07.0013: Terrestrial 4K UHDTV Broadcasting Service" was published. On October 13, 2014, an interim standard – "TTAI.KO-07.0123: Transmission and Reception for Terrestrial UHDTV Broadcasting Service" – was published based on HEVC encoding, with MPEG 2 TS, and DVB-T2 serving as the standards. On June 24, 2016, a standard – "TTAK.KO-07.0127: Transmission and Reception for Terrestrial UHDTV Broadcasting Service" – was published based on HEVC encoding, with MMTP/ROUTE IP, and ATSC 3.0 serving as the standards. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rec._2020" title="Rec. 2020">Rec. 2020</a> – ITU-R Recommendation for UHDTV</li> <li><a href="/wiki/4K_resolution" title="4K resolution">4K resolution</a> – Resolutions of common 4K formats and list of 4K-monitors, TVs, projectors</li> <li><a href="/wiki/8K_resolution" title="8K resolution">8K resolution</a> – Specifications for ~8x4K UHD and 8Kx8K fulldome</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_HD_Blu-ray" title="Ultra HD Blu-ray">Ultra HD Blu-ray</a> – 2160p / 4K (3840 × 2160 resolution) format Blu-ray Disc as specified by Blu-ray Disc Association</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMAX" title="IMAX">IMAX</a> – A film theater format that historically has been innovative in creating a more realistic viewing experience</li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">High Efficiency Video Coding</a> (HEVC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP9" title="VP9">VP9</a> / <a href="/wiki/WebM" title="WebM">WebM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22.2_surround_sound" title="22.2 surround sound">22.2 surround sound</a> – The audio component of Super Hi-Vision</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> Attributed to multiple sources:<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-ce_press-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnet4k-4">[4]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> Attributed to multiple sources:<a href="#cite_note-uhdalliance.org-9">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-businesswire.com-10">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-wired.co.uk-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-engadget.com-12">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnet.com-13">[12]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> The resulting lines in the image alternate between pixels from the green-1 and red CCDs, and pixels from the blue and green-2 CCDs. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-high-definition_television&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a 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Definition Television</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://4ktvmag.com/">4K TV Mag</a> – an online magazine about Ultra HD TV</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://4ktvmag.com/4k-tv-definition/">"What is 4K Ultra HD?"</a> – 4K TV Mag</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Video_formats" title="Template:Video formats"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Video_formats" title="Template talk:Video formats"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Video_formats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Video formats"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Broadcast_video_formats" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Video" title="Video">Broadcast video formats</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Television" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Television</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Analog_television" title="Analog television">Analog</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/405-line_television_system" title="405-line television system">405 lines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CCIR_System_A" title="CCIR System A">System A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/525_lines" title="525 lines">525 lines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CCIR_System_M" title="CCIR System M">System M</a> (Color systems: <a href="/wiki/NTSC" title="NTSC">NTSC</a>, <a href="/wiki/NTSC-J" title="NTSC-J">NTSC-J</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clear-Vision" title="Clear-Vision">Clear-Vision</a>, <a href="/wiki/PAL-M" title="PAL-M">PAL-M</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B-MAC" title="B-MAC">B-MAC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/625_lines" title="625 lines">625 lines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CCIR_System_B" title="CCIR System B">System B</a>, <a href="/wiki/CCIR_System_C" title="CCIR System C">C</a>, <a href="/wiki/CCIR_System_D" title="CCIR System D">D</a>, <a href="/wiki/CCIR_System_G" title="CCIR System G">G</a>, <a href="/wiki/CCIR_System_H" title="CCIR System H">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/CCIR_System_I" title="CCIR System I">I</a>, <a href="/wiki/CCIR_System_K" title="CCIR System K">K</a>, <a href="/wiki/CCIR_System_L" title="CCIR System L">L</a>, <a href="/wiki/CCIR_System_N" title="CCIR System N">N</a> (Color systems: <a href="/wiki/PAL" title="PAL">PAL</a>, <a href="/wiki/PAL#PALN" title="PAL">PAL-N</a>, <a href="/wiki/PALplus" title="PALplus">PALplus</a>, <a href="/wiki/SECAM" title="SECAM">SECAM</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiplexed_Analogue_Components" title="Multiplexed Analogue Components">MAC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/819_line" title="819 line">819 lines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CCIR_System_E" title="CCIR System E">System E</a>, <a href="/wiki/CCIR_System_E#System_F" title="CCIR System E">F</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">1125 lines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multiple_sub-Nyquist_sampling_encoding" title="Multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding">MUSE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">1250 lines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HD-MAC" title="HD-MAC">HD-MAC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Audio_signal" title="Audio signal">Audio</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multichannel_television_sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Multichannel television sound">BTSC (MTS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EIAJ_MTS" title="EIAJ MTS">EIAJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NICAM" title="NICAM">NICAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_audio_program" title="Second audio program">SAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound-in-Syncs" title="Sound-in-Syncs">Sound-in-Syncs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zweikanalton" title="Zweikanalton">Zweikanalton (A2/IGR)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Hidden signals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Closed_captioning" title="Closed captioning">Captioning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CGMS-A" title="CGMS-A">CGMS-A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_program_guide" title="Electronic program guide">EPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost-canceling_reference" title="Ghost-canceling reference">GCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Programme_Delivery_Control" title="Programme Delivery Control">PDC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teletext" title="Teletext">Teletext</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertical_blanking_interval" title="Vertical blanking interval">VBI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_Encoded_Invisible_Light" title="Video Encoded Invisible Light">VEIL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIT_signals" title="VIT signals">VIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertical_interval_timecode" title="Vertical interval timecode">VITC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Widescreen_signaling" title="Widescreen signaling">WSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_Data_Services" title="Extended Data Services">XDS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Television_systems_before_1940" title="Television systems before 1940">Pre-1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechanical_television" title="Mechanical television">Mechanical television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/180-line_television_system" title="180-line television system">180-line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/343-line_television_system" title="343-line television system">343-line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/375-line_television_system" title="375-line television system">375-line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/441-line_television_system" title="441-line television system">441-line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/455-line_television_system" title="455-line television system">455-line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/567-line_television_system" title="567-line television system">567-line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field-sequential_color_system" title="Field-sequential color system">Field-sequential color system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Central_Television#OSKM" title="Soviet Central Television">OSKM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Digital_television" title="Digital television">Digital</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Interlaced_video" title="Interlaced video">Interlaced</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Standard-definition_television" title="Standard-definition television">SDTV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/480i" title="480i">480i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/576i" title="576i">576i</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">HDTV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1080i" title="1080i">1080i</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Progressive_scan" title="Progressive scan">Progressive</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Low-definition_television" title="Low-definition television">LDTV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1seg" title="1seg">1seg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low-definition_television" title="Low-definition television">240p</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low-definition_television" title="Low-definition television">288p</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced-definition_television" title="Enhanced-definition television">EDTV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/480p" title="480p">480p</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/576p" title="576p">576p</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">HDTV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/720p" title="720p">720p</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1080p" title="1080p">1080p</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">UHDTV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4K_resolution" title="4K resolution">4K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8K_resolution" title="8K resolution">8K</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/H.262/MPEG-2_Part_2" title="H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2">MPEG-2 Video</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATSC_standards" title="ATSC standards">ATSC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVB" title="DVB">DVB</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DVB_3D-TV" title="DVB 3D-TV">DVB 3D-TV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISDB" title="ISDB">ISDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Terrestrial_Multimedia_Broadcast" title="Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast">DTMB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ChinaSat_9" title="ChinaSat 9">ABS-S</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard#First_generation" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Multimedia_Mobile_Broadcasting" title="China Multimedia Mobile Broadcasting">CMMB</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard#First_generation" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS+</a><a href="#cite_note-avs-235">[note 1]</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Terrestrial_Multimedia_Broadcast" title="Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast">DTMB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ChinaSat_9" title="ChinaSat 9">ABS-S</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_2" title="MPEG-4 Part 2">MPEG-4 Visual</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MobaHo!" title="MobaHo!">MobaHo!</a><a href="#cite_note-mobaho-236">[note 2]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Video_Coding" title="Advanced Video Coding">MPEG-4 AVC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATSC_standards#H.264/MPEG-4_AVC" title="ATSC standards">ATSC A/72</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Multimedia_Mobile_Broadcasting" title="China Multimedia Mobile Broadcasting">CMMB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_multimedia_broadcasting" title="Digital multimedia broadcasting">DMB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Terrestrial_Multimedia_Broadcast" title="Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast">DTMB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Video_Broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Video Broadcasting">DVB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISDB-T_International" title="ISDB-T International">SBTVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1seg" title="1seg">1seg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MobaHo!" title="MobaHo!">MobaHo!</a><a href="#cite_note-mobaho-236">[note 2]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard#Second_generation" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS2</a><a href="#cite_note-avs-235">[note 1]</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChinaSat_9" title="ChinaSat 9">ABS-S</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">MPEG-H HEVC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATSC_3.0" title="ATSC 3.0">ATSC 3.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Video_Broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Video Broadcasting">DVB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_multimedia_broadcasting" title="Digital multimedia broadcasting">HD DMB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISDB#ISDB-S3" title="ISDB">ISDB-S3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Terrestrial_Multimedia_Broadcast" title="Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast">DTMB</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Surround_sound" title="Surround sound">Audio</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dolby_Digital" title="Dolby Digital">AC-3</a> (<a href="/wiki/Surround_sound" title="Surround sound">5.1</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolby_AC-4" title="Dolby AC-4">AC-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DTS_(sound_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="DTS (sound system)">DTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Resolution_Adaptation" title="Dynamic Resolution Adaptation">DRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-1_Audio_Layer_II" title="MPEG-1 Audio Layer II">MPEG-1 Audio Layer II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_Multichannel" title="MPEG Multichannel">MPEG Multichannel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulse-code_modulation" title="Pulse-code modulation">PCM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_pulse-code_modulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Linear pulse-code modulation">LPCM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="Advanced Audio Coding">AAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-Efficiency_Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="High-Efficiency Advanced Audio Coding">HE-AAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-H_3D_Audio" title="MPEG-H 3D Audio">MPEG-H 3D Audio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Hidden signals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Active_Format_Description" title="Active Format Description">AFD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_flag" title="Broadcast flag">Broadcast flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_captioning" title="Closed captioning">Captioning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVB-CPCM" title="DVB-CPCM">CPCM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_program_guide" title="Electronic program guide">EPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teletext" title="Teletext">Teletext</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: left;"><div><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-avs-235">^ <a href="#cite_ref-avs_235-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-avs_235-1">b</a> Also used in China's DVB-S/S2 network. </li> <li id="cite_note-mobaho-236">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mobaho_236-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mobaho_236-1">b</a> Defunct. </li> </ol></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Technical_issues" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Technical issues</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/14:9" class="mw-redirect" title="14:9">14:9 compromise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast-safe" title="Broadcast-safe">Broadcast-safe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_cinema" title="Digital cinema">Digital cinema</a> (<a href="/wiki/Digital_Cinema_Initiative" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Cinema Initiative">DCI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Display_motion_blur" title="Display motion blur">Display motion blur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moving_image_formats" title="Moving image formats">Moving image formats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_transport_stream" title="MPEG transport stream">MPEG transport stream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverse_Standards_Conversion" title="Reverse Standards Conversion">Reverse Standards Conversion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_standards_conversion" title="Television standards conversion">Standards conversion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_transmitter" title="Television transmitter">Television transmitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_card" title="Test card">Test card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_on_demand" title="Video on demand">Video on demand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_processing" title="Video processing">Video processing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Widescreen_signaling" title="Widescreen signaling">Widescreen signaling</a></li> <li>Templates (<a href="/wiki/Template:Analogue_TV_transmitter_topics" title="Template:Analogue TV transmitter topics">Analogue TV Topics</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Computer_display_standards" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Computer_display_standard" title="Template:Computer display standard"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Computer_display_standard" title="Template talk:Computer display standard"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Computer_display_standard" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Computer display standard"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Computer_display_standards" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Computer_display_standard" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer display standard">Computer display standards</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Video_card" class="mw-redirect" title="Video card">PC-compatible video hardware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Monochrome_Display_Adapter" title="IBM Monochrome Display Adapter">MDA</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_Graphics_Adapter" title="Color Graphics Adapter">CGA</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hercules_Graphics_Card" title="Hercules Graphics Card">HGC</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plantronics_Colorplus" title="Plantronics Colorplus">Plantronics</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadram_Quadcolor" title="Quadram Quadcolor">Quadcolor</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandy_Graphics_Adapter" title="Tandy Graphics Adapter">Tandy</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_Graphics_Controller" title="Professional Graphics Controller">PGC</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Graphics_Adapter" title="Enhanced Graphics Adapter">EGA</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Enhanced_Graphics_Adapter" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese Enhanced Graphics Adapter">JEGA</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-Color_Graphics_Array" title="Multi-Color Graphics Array">MCGA</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_Graphics_Array" title="Video Graphics Array">VGA</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_8514" title="IBM 8514">8514</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_VGA" title="Super VGA">SVGA</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Enhanced_Graphics_Adapter#AX-VGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese Enhanced Graphics Adapter">AX-VGA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments_Graphics_Architecture" title="Texas Instruments Graphics Architecture">TIGA</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_Graphics_Array" title="Extended Graphics Array">XGA</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_Video_Graphics_Array" title="Extended Video Graphics Array">EVGA</a> (1991)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Standard <a href="/wiki/Display_resolution" title="Display resolution">display resolutions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#QQVGA_(160×120)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">160×120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mode_13h" title="Mode 13h">320×200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_Graphics_Adapter#640×200" title="Color Graphics Adapter">640×200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Graphics_Adapter" title="Enhanced Graphics Adapter">640×350</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_Graphics_Array" title="Video Graphics Array">640×480</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hercules_Graphics_Card" title="Hercules Graphics Card">720×348</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_VGA" title="Super VGA">800×600</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#XGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">1024×768</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#XGA+_(1152×864)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">1152×864</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#SXGA_(1280×1024)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">1280×1024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#SXGA+_(1400×1050)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">1400×1050</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#UXGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">1600×1200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#QXGA_(2048×1536)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">2048×1536</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#QSXGA_(2560×2048)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">2560×2048</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#QUXGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">3200×2400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#HXGA_(4096×3072)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">4096×3072</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#HSXGA_(5120×4096)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">5120×4096</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#HUXGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">6400×4800</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Widescreen" title="Widescreen">Widescreen</a> <a href="/wiki/Display_resolution" title="Display resolution">display resolutions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#HQVGA_(240×160)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">240×160</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#QVGA_(320×240)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">320×240</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#WQVGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">432×240</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixteenth_HD1080" title="Sixteenth HD1080">480×270</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#HVGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">480×320</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_Graphics_Array#Typical_uses_of_selected_modes" title="Video Graphics Array">640×400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#WVGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">800×480</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#FWVGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">854×480</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#WSVGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">1024×576</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#HD" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">1280×720</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#WXGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">1280×768</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#WXGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">1280×800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#WXGA_(1366×768_and_similar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">1366×768</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#(1366×900)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">1366×900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#WSXGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">1440×900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#HD+" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">1600×900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#WSXGA+" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">1680×945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#WSXGA+" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">1680×1050</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#FHD" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">1920×1080</a> (<a href="/wiki/1080p" title="1080p">1080p</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#WUXGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">1920×1200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#QWXGA_(2048×1152)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">2048×1152</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#WQHD" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">2560×1440</a> (<a href="/wiki/1440p" title="1440p">QHD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#WQXGA_(2560×1600)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">2560×1600</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#WQSXGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">3200×2048</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#3840_×_2160_(4K_UHD)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">3840×2160</a> (<a href="/wiki/4K_resolution" title="4K resolution">4K UHD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#QUXGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">3200×2400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#WQUXGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">3840×2400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#UHD+" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">5120×2880</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#WHXGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">5120×3200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#(5760×3240)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">5760×3240</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#WHSXGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">6400×4096</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#HUXGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">6400×4800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#7680_×_4320_(8K_UHD)" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">7680×4320</a> (<a href="/wiki/8K_resolution" title="8K resolution">8K UHD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#WHUXGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">7680×4800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#16K" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics display resolution">15360 × 8640</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Digital_video_resolutions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:TV_resolution" title="Template:TV resolution"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:TV_resolution" title="Template talk:TV resolution"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:TV_resolution" title="Special:EditPage/Template:TV resolution"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Digital_video_resolutions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Display_resolution" title="Display resolution">Digital video resolutions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Designation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table style="width:100%; border:0; text-align:center; background-color:transparent"> <tbody><tr> <th width="25%" rowspan="2">Usage examples</th> <th width="25%" rowspan="2">Definition (lines)</th> <th colspan="2">Rate (Hz)</th> </tr> <tr> <th width="25%">Interlaced (fields)</th> <th width="25%">Progressive (frames)</th> </tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Low, <a href="/wiki/MPEG-2" title="MPEG-2">MP@LL</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table style="width:100%; text-align:center; background-color:transparent"> <tbody><tr> <td width="25%"><a href="/wiki/Low-definition_television" title="Low-definition television">LDTV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Video_CD" title="Video CD">VCD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mobile_television" title="Mobile television">HTV</a></td> <td width="25%">240, 288 (<a href="/wiki/Source_Input_Format" title="Source Input Format">SIF</a>)</td> <td width="25%"> </td> <td width="25%"><a href="/wiki/Low-definition_television" title="Low-definition television">24, 30; 25</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Standard, MP@ML</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table style="width:100%; text-align:center; background-color:transparent"> <tbody><tr> <td width="25%" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Standard-definition_television" title="Standard-definition television">SDTV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Super_Video_CD" title="Super Video CD">SVCD</a>, <a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a>, <a href="/wiki/DV_(video_format)" title="DV (video format)">DV</a></td> <td width="25%">480 (<a href="/wiki/NTSC" title="NTSC">NTSC</a>), 576 (<a href="/wiki/PAL" title="PAL">PAL</a>/<a href="/wiki/SECAM" title="SECAM">SECAM</a>)</td> <td width="25%"><a href="/wiki/480i" title="480i">60</a>; <a href="/wiki/576i" title="576i">50</a></td> <td width="25%"><a href="/wiki/480p" title="480p">24, 30</a>; <a href="/wiki/576p" title="576p">25</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Enhanced, HMP@HML</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table style="width:100%; text-align:center; background-color:transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="25%"><a href="/wiki/Enhanced-definition_television" title="Enhanced-definition television">EDTV</a></td> <td width="25%">480, 540 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=NTSC-HQ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NTSC-HQ (page does not exist)">NTSC-HQ</a>), 576 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=PAL-HQ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PAL-HQ (page does not exist)">PAL-HQ</a>)</td> <td width="25%"> </td> <td width="25%"><a href="/wiki/480p" title="480p">24, 30</a>; <a href="/wiki/576p" title="576p">25</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">High, MP@HL</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table style="width:100%; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="25%" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">HDTV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">BD</a>, <a href="/wiki/HD_DVD" title="HD DVD">HD DVD</a>, <a href="/wiki/HDV" title="HDV">HDV</a></td> <td width="25%">720</td> <td width="25%"> </td> <td width="25%"><a href="/wiki/720p" title="720p">24, 30, 60; 25, 50</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>1080, 1440</td> <td><a href="/wiki/1080i" title="1080i">60; 50</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/1080p" title="1080p">24, 30, 60; 25, 50</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ultra-high</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table style="width:100%; text-align:center; background-color:transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="25%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">UHDTV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ultra_HD_Blu-ray" title="Ultra HD Blu-ray">UHD BRD</a></td> <td width="25%">2160, 4320</td> <td width="25%"> </td> <td width="25%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">60, 120, 180</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="High-definition_(HD)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:High-definition" title="Template:High-definition"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:High-definition" title="Template talk:High-definition"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:High-definition" title="Special:EditPage/Template:High-definition"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="High-definition_(HD)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">High-definition (HD)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">High-definition television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-definition_video" title="High-definition video">High-definition video</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ultra-high-definition television</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Resolutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/720p" title="720p">720p (HD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1080i" title="1080i">1080i (Full HD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1080p" title="1080p">1080p (Full HD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1440p" title="1440p">1440p (Quad HD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4K_resolution" title="4K resolution">2160p (4K Ultra HD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8K_resolution" title="8K resolution">4320p (8K Ultra HD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16K_resolution" title="16K resolution">8640p (16K Ultra HD)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Analog_high-definition_television_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Analog high-definition television system">Analog broadcast</a> (All defunct)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Analog_high-definition_television_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Analog high-definition television system">819 line system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiplexed_Analogue_Components" title="Multiplexed Analogue Components">HD MAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple_sub-Nyquist_sampling_encoding" title="Multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding">MUSE (Hi-Vision)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Digital broadcast</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATSC_standards" title="ATSC standards">ATSC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Terrestrial_Multimedia_Broadcast" title="Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast">DMB-T/H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Video_Broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Video Broadcasting">DVB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISDB" title="ISDB">ISDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISDB-T_International" title="ISDB-T International">SBTVD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Audio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dolby_Digital" title="Dolby Digital">Dolby Digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surround_sound" title="Surround sound">Surround sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Stream_Digital" title="Direct Stream Digital">DSD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_eXtreme_Definition" title="Digital eXtreme Definition">DXD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DTS_(sound_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="DTS (sound system)">DTS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Filming and storage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Cinema_Initiatives" title="Digital Cinema Initiatives">DCI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HDV" title="HDV">HDV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/High-definition_pre-recorded_media_and_compression" title="High-definition pre-recorded media and compression">HD media and compression</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archival_Disc" title="Archival Disc">Archival Disc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AV1" title="AV1">AV1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Blue_High-definition_Disc" title="China Blue High-definition Disc">CBHD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D-VHS" title="D-VHS">D-VHS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVD-Audio" title="DVD-Audio">DVD-Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Video_Coding" title="Advanced Video Coding">H.264</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">H.265</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Versatile_Video_Coding" title="Versatile Video Coding">H.266</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_DVD" title="HD DVD">HD DVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Versatile_Multilayer_Disc" title="Versatile Multilayer Disc">HD VMD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-2" title="MPEG-2">MPEG-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laserdisc#MUSE_LD" class="mw-redirect" title="Laserdisc">MUSE LaserDisc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiview_Video_Coding" title="Multiview Video Coding">MVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Audio_CD" title="Super Audio CD">Super Audio CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_HD_Blu-ray" title="Ultra HD Blu-ray">Ultra HD Blu-ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncompressed_video" title="Uncompressed video">Uncompressed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VC-1" title="VC-1">VC-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W-VHS" title="W-VHS">W-VHS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Connectors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Component_video" title="Component video">Component</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DisplayPort" title="DisplayPort">DisplayPort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Visual_Interface" title="Digital Visual Interface">DVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HDMI" title="HDMI">HDMI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VGA_connector" title="VGA connector">VGA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Deployments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_digital_television_deployments_by_country" title="List of digital television deployments by country">List of digital television deployments by country</a></li></ul> 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