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<span>Geography of Botswana</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography_of_Botswana-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography of Botswana subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography_of_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Environment_of_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environment_of_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Environment of Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environment_of_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Natural_geographic_features_of_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural_geographic_features_of_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Natural geographic 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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Administrative divisions of Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions_of_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Districts_of_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Districts_of_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2.1</span> <span>Districts of Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Districts_of_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sub-districts_of_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sub-districts_of_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2.2</span> <span>Sub-districts of Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sub-districts_of_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Municipalities_of_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Municipalities_of_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2.3</span> <span>Municipalities of Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Municipalities_of_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demography_of_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demography_of_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Demography of Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demography_of_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_and_politics_of_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_and_politics_of_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Government and politics of Botswana</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government_and_politics_of_Botswana-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government and politics of Botswana subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government_and_politics_of_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Branches_of_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Branches_of_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Branches of government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Branches_of_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Executive_branch_of_the_government_of_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Executive_branch_of_the_government_of_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Executive branch of the government of Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Executive_branch_of_the_government_of_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legislative_branch_of_the_government_of_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative_branch_of_the_government_of_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Legislative branch of the government of Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative_branch_of_the_government_of_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judicial_branch_of_the_government_of_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judicial_branch_of_the_government_of_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3</span> <span>Judicial branch of the government of Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judicial_branch_of_the_government_of_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_relations_of_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_relations_of_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Foreign relations of Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_relations_of_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-International_organization_membership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_organization_membership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>International organization membership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_organization_membership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Law_and_order_in_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law_and_order_in_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Law and order in Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Law_and_order_in_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_of_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_of_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Military of Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_of_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_government_in_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_government_in_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Local government in Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_government_in_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History_of_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> 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class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Art in Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art_in_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports_in_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports_in_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Sports in Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports_in_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy_and_infrastructure_of_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy_and_infrastructure_of_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Economy and infrastructure of Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy_and_infrastructure_of_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education_in_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education_in_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Education in Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education_in_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_in_Botswana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_in_Botswana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Health in Botswana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_in_Botswana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div 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class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:327px;max-width:327px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:173px;max-width:173px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Botswana.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/171px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="171" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/257px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/342px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Botswana" title="Flag of Botswana">Flag of Botswana</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:150px;max-width:150px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Botswana.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Coat_of_arms_of_Botswana.svg/148px-Coat_of_arms_of_Botswana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="148" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Coat_of_arms_of_Botswana.svg/222px-Coat_of_arms_of_Botswana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Coat_of_arms_of_Botswana.svg/296px-Coat_of_arms_of_Botswana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="588" data-file-height="454" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Botswana" title="Coat of arms of Botswana">Coat of arms of Botswana</a></div></div></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LocationBotswana.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/LocationBotswana.svg/220px-LocationBotswana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/LocationBotswana.svg/330px-LocationBotswana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/LocationBotswana.svg/440px-LocationBotswana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>The location of <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Botswana_Map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Botswana_Map.jpg/220px-Botswana_Map.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Botswana_Map.jpg/330px-Botswana_Map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Botswana_Map.jpg/440px-Botswana_Map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1010" data-file-height="1246" /></a><figcaption>An enlargeable relief map of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Botswana">Republic of Botswana</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The following <a href="/wiki/Outline_(list)" title="Outline (list)">outline</a> is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Botswana: </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></b> – a <a href="/wiki/Landlocked_country" title="Landlocked country">landlocked</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">sovereign country</a> located in <a href="/wiki/Southern_Africa" title="Southern Africa">Southern Africa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Citizens of Botswana are Batswana (singular: Motswana), regardless of ethnicity. Formerly the British <a href="/wiki/Protectorate" title="Protectorate">protectorate</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bechuanaland_Protectorate" title="Bechuanaland Protectorate">Bechuanaland</a>, Botswana adopted its new name after becoming independent within the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth</a> on 30 September 1966. It is bordered by South Africa to the south and southeast, <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a> to the west, <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a> to the north, and <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a> to the northeast. The economy, closely tied to South Africa's, is dominated by mining (especially diamonds), tourism, and cattle. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-2"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_reference">General reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: General reference"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Botswana-CIA_WFB_Map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Botswana-CIA_WFB_Map.png/220px-Botswana-CIA_WFB_Map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Botswana-CIA_WFB_Map.png 1.5x" data-file-width="329" data-file-height="353" /></a><figcaption>An enlargeable basic map of <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">Pronunciation</a>: <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'w' in 'wind'">w</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/d4\/En-Bostwana-pronunciation.ogg\/En-Bostwana-pronunciation.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-Bostwana-pronunciation.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/En-Bostwana-pronunciation.ogg/En-Bostwana-pronunciation.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:En-Bostwana-pronunciation.ogg" title="File:En-Bostwana-pronunciation.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span></span>, <small>also</small> <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">UK</a>: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ʊ/: 'u' in 'push'">ʊ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'w' in 'wind'">w</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ʊ/: 'u' in 'push'">ʊ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/tʃ/: 'ch' in 'China'">tʃ</span><span title="'w' in 'wind'">w</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span></li> <li>Common English country name: <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li>Official English country name: The <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Botswana">Republic of Botswana</a></li> <li>Official endonym: <a href="/wiki/Lefatshe_la_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Lefatshe la Botswana">Lefatshe la Botswana</a></li> <li>Adjectival: Motswana</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a>: <a href="/wiki/Batswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Batswana">Batswana</a></li> <li>Etymology: Land of the Tswana</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_Botswana" title="International rankings of Botswana">International rankings of Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_country_codes" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO country codes">ISO country codes</a>: BW, BWA, 072</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_region_codes" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO region codes">ISO region codes</a>: See <a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:BW" title="ISO 3166-2:BW">ISO 3166-2:BW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> <a href="/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain" title="Country code top-level domain">country code top-level domain</a>: <a href="/wiki/.bw" title=".bw">.bw</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography_of_Botswana">Geography of Botswana</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Botswana_Topography.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Botswana_Topography.png/220px-Botswana_Topography.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Botswana_Topography.png/330px-Botswana_Topography.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Botswana_Topography.png/440px-Botswana_Topography.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="1353" /></a><figcaption>An enlargeable topographic map of <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Botswana" title="Geography of Botswana">Geography of Botswana</a> </p> <ul><li>Botswana is: a <a href="/wiki/Landlocked_country" title="Landlocked country">landlocked country</a></li> <li>Location: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Hemisphere" title="Eastern Hemisphere">Eastern Hemisphere</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southern_Hemisphere" title="Southern Hemisphere">Southern Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Africa" title="Southern Africa">Southern Africa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a>: <a href="/wiki/Central_Africa_Time" title="Central Africa Time">Central Africa Time</a> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B02" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+02">UTC+02</a>)</li> <li>Extreme points of Botswana <ul><li>High: <a href="/wiki/Otse_Hill" title="Otse Hill">Otse Hill</a> 1,491 m (4,892 ft)</li> <li>Low: <a href="/wiki/Confluence" title="Confluence">Confluence</a> of <a href="/wiki/Limpopo_River" title="Limpopo River">Limpopo River</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shashe_River" title="Shashe River">Shashe River</a> 513 m (1,683 ft)</li></ul></li> <li>Land boundaries: 4,013 km</li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> 1,840 km</dd> <dd><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a> 1,360 km</dd> <dd><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a> 813 km</dd> <dd><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a> <1 km</dd></dl> <ul><li>Coastline: <i>none</i></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li>Population of Botswana: 1,639,833 (2006) – <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by population">147th most populous country</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li>Area of Botswana: 600,370 square kilometres (231,800 sq mi) – <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_outlying_territories_by_area" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries and outlying territories by area">46th largest country</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Botswana" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of Botswana">Atlas of Botswana</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environment_of_Botswana">Environment of Botswana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Environment of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Botswana_24.86445E_22.08661S.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Botswana_24.86445E_22.08661S.jpg/220px-Botswana_24.86445E_22.08661S.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Botswana_24.86445E_22.08661S.jpg/330px-Botswana_24.86445E_22.08661S.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Botswana_24.86445E_22.08661S.jpg/440px-Botswana_24.86445E_22.08661S.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="958" /></a><figcaption>An enlargeable satellite image of <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Botswana">Climate of Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ecoregions_in_Botswana" title="List of ecoregions in Botswana">Ecoregions in Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Botswana" title="Geology of Botswana">Geology of Botswana</a></li> <li>Protected areas of Botswana <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national parks of Botswana">National parks of Botswana</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Botswana" title="Wildlife of Botswana">Wildlife of Botswana</a> <ul><li>Fauna of Botswana <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Botswana" title="List of birds of Botswana">Birds of Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Botswana" title="List of mammals of Botswana">Mammals of Botswana</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Natural_geographic_features_of_Botswana">Natural geographic features of Botswana</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Natural geographic features of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Glaciers in Botswana: none<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Lakes of Botswana <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dams_and_reservoirs_in_Botswana" title="List of dams and reservoirs in Botswana">Dams and reservoirs of Botswana</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Botswana" title="List of rivers of Botswana">Rivers of Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Africa#Botswana" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Africa">World Heritage Sites in Botswana</a>: Tsodilo Hills and Okavango Delta</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regions_of_Botswana">Regions of Botswana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Regions of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Regions of Botswana">Regions of Botswana</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ecoregions_of_Botswana">Ecoregions of Botswana</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Ecoregions of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/List_of_ecoregions_in_Botswana" title="List of ecoregions in Botswana">List of ecoregions in Botswana</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Administrative_divisions_of_Botswana">Administrative divisions of Botswana</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of Botswana">Administrative divisions of Botswana</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Botswana" title="Districts of Botswana">Districts of Botswana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sub-districts_of_Botswana" title="Sub-districts of Botswana">Sub-districts of Botswana</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Districts_of_Botswana">Districts of Botswana</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Districts of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Botswana" title="Districts of Botswana">Districts of Botswana</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Sub-districts_of_Botswana">Sub-districts of Botswana</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Sub-districts of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sub-districts_of_Botswana" title="Sub-districts of Botswana">Sub-districts of Botswana</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Municipalities_of_Botswana">Municipalities of Botswana</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Municipalities of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital</a> of Botswana: <a href="/wiki/Gaborone" title="Gaborone">Gaborone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Botswana" title="List of cities in Botswana">Cities of Botswana</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Demography_of_Botswana">Demography of Botswana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Demography of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Botswana" title="Demographics of Botswana">Demographics of Botswana</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_and_politics_of_Botswana">Government and politics of Botswana</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Government and politics of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Botswana" title="Government of Botswana">Government of Botswana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Botswana" title="Politics of Botswana">Politics of Botswana</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Form_of_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Form of government">Form of government</a>: <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_system" title="Parliamentary system">parliamentary</a> <a href="/wiki/Representative_democracy" title="Representative democracy">representative democratic</a> <a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital</a> of Botswana: <a href="/wiki/Gaborone" title="Gaborone">Gaborone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Botswana" title="Elections in Botswana">Elections in Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Botswana" title="List of political parties in Botswana">Political parties in Botswana</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Branches_of_government">Branches of government</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Branches of government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Botswana" title="Government of Botswana">Government of Botswana</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Executive_branch_of_the_government_of_Botswana">Executive branch of the government of Botswana</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Executive branch of the government of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">Head of state</a>: <a href="/wiki/President_of_Botswana" title="President of Botswana">President of Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">Head of government</a>: <a href="/wiki/President_of_Botswana" title="President of Botswana">President of Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Botswana" title="Cabinet of Botswana">Cabinet of Botswana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Botswana" title="President of Botswana">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice-President_of_Botswana" title="Vice-President of Botswana">Vice president</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Presidential_Affairs_and_Public_Administration&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Presidential Affairs and Public Administration (page does not exist)">Minister of Presidential Affairs and Public Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Local_Government_(Botswana)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Local Government (Botswana) (page does not exist)">Minister of Local Government</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Trade_and_Industry_(Botswana)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Trade and Industry (Botswana) (page does not exist)">Minister of Trade and Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Finance_and_Development_Planning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Finance and Development Planning (page does not exist)">Minister of Finance and Development Planning</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Youth,_Sports_and_Culture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Youth, Sports and Culture (page does not exist)">Minister of Youth, Sports and Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Minerals,_Energy_and_Water_Resources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Minerals, Energy and Water Resources (page does not exist)">Minister of Minerals, Energy and Water Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Infrastructure,_Science_and_Technology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Infrastructure, Science and Technology (page does not exist)">Minister of Infrastructure, Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Defence,_Justice_and_Security&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Defence, Justice and Security (page does not exist)">Minister of Defence, Justice and Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Agriculture_(Botswana)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Agriculture (Botswana)">Minister of Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Works_and_Transport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Works and Transport (page does not exist)">Minister of Works and Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Labour_and_Home_Affairs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Labour and Home Affairs (page does not exist)">Minister of Labour and Home Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Health_(Botswana)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Health (Botswana) (page does not exist)">Minister of Health</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(Botswana)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Botswana) (page does not exist)">Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation</a> (MoFAIC)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Environment,_Wildlife_and_Tourism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Environment, Wildlife and Tourism (page does not exist)">Minister of Environment, Wildlife and Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Education_and_Skills_Development&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Education and Skills Development (page does not exist)">Minister of Education and Skills Development</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Lands_and_Housing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Lands and Housing (page does not exist)">Minister of Lands and Housing</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Legislative_branch_of_the_government_of_Botswana">Legislative branch of the government of Botswana</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Legislative branch of the government of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Botswana" title="Parliament of Botswana">Parliament of Botswana</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bicameral" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicameral">bicameral</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Upper_house" title="Upper house">Upper house</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ntlo_ya_Dikgosi" title="Ntlo ya Dikgosi">Ntlo ya Dikgosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">Lower house</a>: <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Botswana" title="National Assembly of Botswana">National Assembly of Botswana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_constituencies_of_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary constituencies of Botswana">Parliamentary constituencies of Botswana</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Judicial_branch_of_the_government_of_Botswana">Judicial branch of the government of Botswana</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Judicial branch of the government of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Court system of Botswana </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_relations_of_Botswana">Foreign relations of Botswana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Foreign relations of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Botswana" title="Foreign relations of Botswana">Foreign relations of Botswana</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Botswana" title="List of diplomatic missions in Botswana">Diplomatic missions in Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_missions_of_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Diplomatic missions of Botswana">Diplomatic missions of Botswana</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="International_organization_membership">International organization membership</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: International organization membership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Republic of Botswana is a member of:<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African,_Caribbean,_and_Pacific_Group_of_States" class="mw-redirect" title="African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States">African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States</a> (ACP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Development_Bank_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="African Development Bank Group">African Development Bank Group</a> (AfDB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a> (AU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization" title="Food and Agriculture Organization">Food and Agriculture Organization</a> (FAO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_77" title="Group of 77">Group of 77</a> (G77)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency" title="International Atomic Energy Agency">International Atomic Energy Agency</a> (IAEA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development" title="International Bank for Reconstruction and Development">International Bank for Reconstruction and Development</a> (IBRD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Civil_Aviation_Organization" title="International Civil Aviation Organization">International Civil Aviation Organization</a> (ICAO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a> (ICCt)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Police_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="International Criminal Police Organization">International Criminal Police Organization</a> (Interpol)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Development_Association" title="International Development Association">International Development Association</a> (IDA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies</a> (IFRCS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Finance_Corporation" title="International Finance Corporation">International Finance Corporation</a> (IFC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Fund_for_Agricultural_Development" title="International Fund for Agricultural Development">International Fund for Agricultural Development</a> (IFAD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Labour_Organization" title="International Labour Organization">International Labour Organization</a> (ILO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> (IMF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee</a> (IOC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">International Organization for Standardization</a> (ISO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement</a> (ICRM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">International Telecommunication Union</a> (ITU)</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunications_Satellite_Organization" title="International Telecommunications Satellite Organization">International Telecommunications Satellite Organization</a> (ITSO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Trade_Union_Confederation" title="International Trade Union Confederation">International Trade Union Confederation</a> (ITUC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-Parliamentary_Union" title="Inter-Parliamentary Union">Inter-Parliamentary Union</a> (IPU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multilateral_Investment_Guarantee_Agency" title="Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency">Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency</a> (MIGA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonaligned_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonaligned Movement">Nonaligned Movement</a> (NAM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_the_Prohibition_of_Chemical_Weapons" title="Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons">Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons</a> (OPCW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_African_Customs_Union" title="Southern African Customs Union">Southern African Customs Union</a> (SACU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_African_Development_Community" title="Southern African Development Community">Southern African Development Community</a> (SADC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> (UN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Conference_on_Trade_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Conference on Trade and Development">United Nations Conference on Trade and Development</a> (UNCTAD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Educational,_Scientific,_and_Cultural_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization">United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization</a> (UNESCO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Industrial_Development_Organization" title="United Nations Industrial Development Organization">United Nations Industrial Development Organization</a> (UNIDO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_the_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Mission in the Sudan">United Nations Mission in the Sudan</a> (UNMIS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Postal_Union" title="Universal Postal Union">Universal Postal Union</a> (UPU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Customs_Organization" title="World Customs Organization">World Customs Organization</a> (WCO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federation_of_Trade_Unions" title="World Federation of Trade Unions">World Federation of Trade Unions</a> (WFTU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a> (WHO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization" title="World Intellectual Property Organization">World Intellectual Property Organization</a> (WIPO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organization" title="World Meteorological Organization">World Meteorological Organization</a> (WMO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Tourism_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="World Tourism Organization">World Tourism Organization</a> (UNWTO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a> (WTO)</li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Law_and_order_in_Botswana">Law and order in Botswana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Law and order in Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Law of Botswana </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Botswana" title="Constitution of Botswana">Constitution of Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Botswana" title="Human rights in Botswana">Human rights in Botswana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Botswana">LGBT rights in Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_Botswana" title="Freedom of religion in Botswana">Freedom of religion in Botswana</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana_Police_Service" title="Botswana Police Service">Law Enforcement in Botswana</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_of_Botswana">Military of Botswana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Military of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Botswana">Military of Botswana</a> </p> <ul><li>Command <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commander-in-chief" title="Commander-in-chief">Commander-in-chief</a>:</li></ul></li> <li>Forces <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Army of Botswana">Army of Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navy" title="Navy">Navy</a> of Botswana: None</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_of_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force of Botswana">Air Force of Botswana</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local_government_in_Botswana">Local government in Botswana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Local government in Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Local government in Botswana </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_of_Botswana">History of Botswana</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: History of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/History_of_Botswana" title="History of Botswana">History of Botswana</a> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Botswana" title="Timeline of Botswana">Timeline of Botswana</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/Botswana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal:Current events/Botswana (page does not exist)">Current events of Botswana</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Gaborone" title="History of Gaborone">History of Gaborone</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture_of_Botswana">Culture of Botswana</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Culture of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Botswana" title="Culture of Botswana">Culture of Botswana</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of Botswana">Cuisine of Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Botswana" title="Languages of Botswana">Languages of Botswana</a></li> <li>National symbols of Botswana <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Botswana" title="Coat of arms of Botswana">Coat of arms of Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Botswana" title="Flag of Botswana">Flag of Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_anthem_of_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="National anthem of Botswana">National anthem of Botswana</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_of_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="People of Botswana">People of Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Botswana" title="Prostitution in Botswana">Prostitution in Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Botswana" title="Public holidays in Botswana">Public holidays in Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Botswana" title="Religion in Botswana">Religion in Botswana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Botswana" title="Christianity in Botswana">Christianity in Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Botswana" title="Hinduism in Botswana">Hinduism in Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Botswana">Islam in Botswana</a></li> <li>Sikhism in Botswana</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Africa" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Africa">World Heritage Sites in Botswana</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Okavango_Delta" title="Okavango Delta">Okavango Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsodilo" title="Tsodilo">Tsodilo</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art_in_Botswana">Art in Botswana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Art in Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_in_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Art in Botswana">Art in Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Botswana" title="Music of Botswana">Music of Botswana</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports_in_Botswana">Sports in Botswana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Sports in Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports in Botswana">Sports in Botswana</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Football_in_Botswana" title="Football in Botswana">Football in Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana_at_the_Olympics" title="Botswana at the Olympics">Botswana at the Olympics</a></li> <li>Athletics in Botswana</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy_and_infrastructure_of_Botswana">Economy and infrastructure of Botswana</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Economy and infrastructure of Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Botswana" title="Economy of Botswana">Economy of Botswana</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007)</a>: 106th (one hundred and sixth)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Botswana">Agriculture in Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Communications in Botswana">Communications in Botswana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Botswana" title="Internet in Botswana">Internet in Botswana</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Botswana" title="List of companies of Botswana">Companies of Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currency" title="Currency">Currency of Botswana</a>: <a href="/wiki/Botswana_pula" title="Botswana pula">Pula</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">ISO 4217</a>: BWP</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Botswana" title="Energy in Botswana">Energy in Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_in_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Health care in Botswana">Health care in Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining in Botswana">Mining in Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana_Stock_Exchange" title="Botswana Stock Exchange">Botswana Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Botswana" title="Tourism in Botswana">Tourism in Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Botswana" title="Transport in Botswana">Transport in Botswana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Botswana" title="List of airports in Botswana">Airports in Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Botswana" title="Rail transport in Botswana">Rail transport in Botswana</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buildings_in_Botswana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buildings in Botswana (page does not exist)">Buildings in Botswana</a> <ul><li>iTowers of Masa Square CBD</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education_in_Botswana">Education in Botswana</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Education in Botswana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Botswana" title="Education in Botswana">Education in Botswana</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 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class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/botswana/">"Botswana"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>. United States <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. 3 July 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Botswana&rft.date=2009-07-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fbotswana%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOutline+of+Botswana" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The only <a href="/wiki/List_of_glaciers_in_Africa" title="List of glaciers in Africa">glaciers in Africa</a> are on Mt Kenya (in Kenya), on Kilimanjaro (in Tanzania), and in the Ruwenzori Mountains (which are located in <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a>). See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iahs.info/redbooks/a126/iahs_126_0197.pdf">Proceedings of the Riederalp Workshop, September 1978; Actes de l'Atelier de Riederalp, septembre 1978): IAHS-AISH Publ. no. 126, 1980.</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Botswana&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/16px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/24px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, 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