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class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Professional career </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Professional_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Professional career subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Professional_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Early career </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_heavyweight_champion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_heavyweight_champion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 World heavyweight champion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_heavyweight_champion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fights_against_Liston" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fights_against_Liston"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.1 Fights against Liston </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fights_against_Liston-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fight_against_Patterson" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fight_against_Patterson"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.2 Fight against Patterson </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fight_against_Patterson-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Main_Bout" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_Bout"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.3 Main Bout </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Main_Bout-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Draft_resistance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Draft_resistance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Draft resistance </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Draft_resistance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Draft resistance subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Draft_resistance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Impact_of_Ali's_draft_refusal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Impact_of_Ali's_draft_refusal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Impact of Ali's draft refusal </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Impact_of_Ali's_draft_refusal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-NSA_and_FBI_monitoring_of_Ali's_communications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#NSA_and_FBI_monitoring_of_Ali's_communications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 NSA and FBI monitoring of Ali's communications </div> </a> <ul id="toc-NSA_and_FBI_monitoring_of_Ali's_communications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exile_and_comeback" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exile_and_comeback"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Exile and comeback </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Exile_and_comeback-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Exile and comeback subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Exile_and_comeback-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Protesting_while_exiled" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Protesting_while_exiled"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Protesting while exiled </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Protesting_while_exiled-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Super_Fight" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Super_Fight"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 The Super Fight </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Super_Fight-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Return" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Return"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Return </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Return-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Return subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Return-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fight_against_Joe_Frazier" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fight_against_Joe_Frazier"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Fight against Joe Frazier </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fight_against_Joe_Frazier-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_his_loss" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_his_loss"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 After his loss </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_his_loss-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chamberlain_challenge_and_Ellis_fight" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chamberlain_challenge_and_Ellis_fight"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.1 Chamberlain challenge and Ellis fight </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chamberlain_challenge_and_Ellis_fight-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fights_against_Quarry,_Patterson,_Foster,_Bugner_and_Norton" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fights_against_Quarry,_Patterson,_Foster,_Bugner_and_Norton"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.2 Fights against Quarry, Patterson, Foster, Bugner and Norton </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fights_against_Quarry,_Patterson,_Foster,_Bugner_and_Norton-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_fight_against_Joe_Frazier" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_fight_against_Joe_Frazier"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.3 Second fight against Joe Frazier </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_fight_against_Joe_Frazier-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_heavyweight_champion_(second_reign)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_heavyweight_champion_(second_reign)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 World heavyweight champion (second reign) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_heavyweight_champion_(second_reign)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3.1 The Rumble in the Jungle </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fights_against_Wepner,_Lyle_and_Bugner" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fights_against_Wepner,_Lyle_and_Bugner"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3.2 Fights against Wepner, Lyle and Bugner </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fights_against_Wepner,_Lyle_and_Bugner-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Third_fight_against_Joe_Frazier" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Third_fight_against_Joe_Frazier"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3.3 Third fight against Joe Frazier </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Third_fight_against_Joe_Frazier-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Later career </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fight_stoppage_vs._Larry_Holmes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fight_stoppage_vs._Larry_Holmes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4.1 Fight stoppage vs. Larry Holmes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fight_stoppage_vs._Larry_Holmes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exhibition_bouts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exhibition_bouts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Exhibition bouts </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Exhibition_bouts-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Exhibition bouts subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Exhibition_bouts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ali_vs_Inoki" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ali_vs_Inoki"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Ali vs Inoki </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ali_vs_Inoki-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ali_vs_Alzado" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ali_vs_Alzado"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Ali vs Alzado </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ali_vs_Alzado-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ali_vs_Semenko" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ali_vs_Semenko"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Ali vs Semenko </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ali_vs_Semenko-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Personal life </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Personal life subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Marriages_and_children" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marriages_and_children"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Marriages and children </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marriages_and_children-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Paternity_claims" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paternity_claims"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.1 Paternity claims </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paternity_claims-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion_and_beliefs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion_and_beliefs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Religion and beliefs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion_and_beliefs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Affiliation_with_the_Nation_of_Islam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Affiliation_with_the_Nation_of_Islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2.1 Affiliation with the Nation of Islam </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Affiliation_with_the_Nation_of_Islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conversion_to_Sunni_Islam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conversion_to_Sunni_Islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2.2 Conversion to Sunni Islam </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conversion_to_Sunni_Islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Health </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Entertainment_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Entertainment_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Entertainment career </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Entertainment_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Entertainment career subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Entertainment_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Acting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Acting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spoken_word_poetry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spoken_word_poetry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Spoken word poetry </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spoken_word_poetry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Professional_wrestling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Professional_wrestling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3 Professional wrestling </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Professional_wrestling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television_appearances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television_appearances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.4 Television appearances </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television_appearances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.5 Art </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Later life </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Later_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Later life subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Later_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Philanthropy,_humanitarianism_and_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philanthropy,_humanitarianism_and_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 Philanthropy, humanitarianism and politics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philanthropy,_humanitarianism_and_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Earnings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Earnings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2 Earnings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Earnings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Declining_health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Declining_health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.3 Declining health </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Declining_health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Death </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Death-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Death subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-News_coverage_and_tributes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#News_coverage_and_tributes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1 News coverage and tributes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-News_coverage_and_tributes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Memorial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Memorial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2 Memorial </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Memorial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Legacy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Legacy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_boxing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_boxing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 In boxing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_boxing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_hip-hop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_hip-hop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.2 In hip-hop </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_hip-hop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Ali's_hometown" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Ali's_hometown"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.3 In Ali's hometown </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Ali's_hometown-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Around_the_US_and_world" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Around_the_US_and_world"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.4 Around the US and world </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Around_the_US_and_world-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th-century_superlatives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th-century_superlatives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.5 20th-century superlatives </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th-century_superlatives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_media_and_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_media_and_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 In media and popular culture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_media_and_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Professional_boxing_record" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Professional_boxing_record"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Professional boxing record </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Professional_boxing_record-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 Discography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 18 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19 Further reading </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Further reading subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Online" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Online"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19.1 Online </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Online-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 20 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Muhammad Ali</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 136 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-136" aria-hidden="true" > 136 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%99%E1%88%83%E1%88%9B%E1%8B%B5_%E1%8B%93%E1%88%8A" title="ሙሃማድ ዓሊ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሙሃማድ ዓሊ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A" title="محمد علي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="محمد علي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%B4%D5%A7%D5%BF_%D4%B1%D5%AC%D5%AB" title="Մուհամմէտ Ալի – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Մուհամմէտ Ալի" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%99h%C9%99mm%C9%99d_%C6%8Fli" title="Məhəmməd Əli – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Məhəmməd Əli" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C" title="محمد علی کلی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="محمد علی کلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A6_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80" title="মুহাম্মদ আলী – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মুহাম্মদ আলী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Banyumasan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%A9%D1%85%D3%99%D0%BC%D0%BC%D3%99%D1%82_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мөхәммәт Али – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мөхәммәт Али" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Махамед Алі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Махамед Алі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Махамад Алі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Махамад Алі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8_(%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BE%D1%80)" title="Мохамед Али (боксьор) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мохамед Али (боксьор)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мухаммед Али – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Мухаммед Али" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_(boxador)" title="Muhammad Ali (boxador) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Muhammad Ali (boxador)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%AC%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84_%CE%86%CE%BB%CE%B9" title="Μοχάμεντ Άλι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μοχάμεντ Άλι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C" title="محمد علی کلی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="محمد علی کلی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamed_Ali" title="Mohamed Ali – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mohamed Ali" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammed_Ali" title="Muhammed Ali – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Muhammed Ali" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8C%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Мухьаммад Ӏаьла – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Мухьаммад Ӏаьла" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target">ГӀалгӀай</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AC%B4%ED%95%98%EB%A7%88%EB%93%9C_%EC%95%8C%EB%A6%AC" title="무하마드 알리 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="무하마드 알리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%A4_%D4%B1%D5%AC%D5%AB" title="Մուհամմեդ Ալի – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մուհամմեդ Ալի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="मुहम्मद अली – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मुहम्मद अली" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%93_%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99_(%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%90%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A3)" title="מוחמד עלי (מתאגרף) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מוחמד עלי (מתאגרף)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF" title="ಮುಹಮ್ಮದ್ ಅಲಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮುಹಮ್ಮದ್ ಅಲಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%93_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="მუჰამედ ალი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მუჰამედ ალი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D2%B1%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D3%98%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мұхаммед Әли – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мұхаммед Әли" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammed_Ali" title="Muhammed Ali – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Muhammed Ali" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мухаммед Али – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мухаммед Али" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahometus_Ali" title="Mahometus Ali – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Mahometus Ali" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhameds_Ali" title="Muhameds Ali – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Muhameds Ali" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мугьаммад Али – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Мугьаммад Али" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="मोहम्मद अली – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="मोहम्मद अली" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мухамед Али – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мухамед Али" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF" title="മുഹമ്മദ് അലി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മുഹമ്മദ് അലി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="महम्मद अली – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="महम्मद अली" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%93_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="მუჰამედ ალი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მუჰამედ ალი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D9%83%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%89" title="محمد على كلاى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="محمد على كلاى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мохаммед Али – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Мохаммед Али" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%81%8A_%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="အလီ၊ မိုဟာမက် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အလီ၊ မိုဟာမက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nāhuatl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="मोहम्मद अली – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मोहम्मद अली" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A2%E3%83%8F%E3%83%A1%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AA" title="モハメド・アリ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="モハメド・アリ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8_(%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%91%D1%80)" title="Мухьаммад Ӏали (боксёр) – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Мухьаммад Ӏали (боксёр)" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80" title="ਮੁਹੰਮਦ ਅਲੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੁਹੰਮਦ ਅਲੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C_(%D9%85%DA%A9%DB%92_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2)" title="محمد علی (مکے باز) – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="محمد علی (مکے باز)" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A_%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%8A" title="محمد علي کلي – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="محمد علي کلي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_(ameryka%C5%84ski_bokser)" title="Muhammad Ali (amerykański bokser) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Muhammad Ali (amerykański bokser)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammed_Ali" title="Muhammed Ali – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Muhammed Ali" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8,_%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Али, Мухаммед – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Али, Мухаммед" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%9C%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%93" title="මොහොමඩ් අලී – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මොහොමඩ් අලී" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A_%DA%AA%D9%84%D9%8A" title="محمد علي ڪلي – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="محمد علي ڪلي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxamed_Cali_Kalaay" title="Maxamed Cali Kalaay – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Maxamed Cali Kalaay" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%DB%95%D9%85%D9%85%DB%95%D8%AF_%D8%B9%DB%95%D9%84%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="محەممەد عەلی کلای – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="محەممەد عەلی کلای" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мухамед Али – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мухамед Али" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF" title="முகம்மது அலி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="முகம்மது அலி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%A9%D1%85%D3%99%D0%BC%D0%BC%D3%99%D1%82_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мөхәммәт Али – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Мөхәммәт Али" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%80" title="ముహమ్మద్ ఆలీ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ముహమ్మద్ ఆలీ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94_%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5" title="มูฮัมหมัด อาลี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มูฮัมหมัด อาลี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D3%A3" title="Муҳаммад Алӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Муҳаммад Алӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammed_Ali" title="Muhammed Ali – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Muhammed Ali" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мухаммед Али – Tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Мухаммед Али" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тыва дыл</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Мухаммед Алі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мухаммед Алі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C_(%D9%85%DA%A9%DB%92_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2)" title="محمد علی (مکے باز) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="محمد علی (مکے باز)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C" title="穆罕默德·阿里 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="穆罕默德·阿里" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8B%B3%E7%8E%8B%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C" title="拳王阿里 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="拳王阿里" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Muhammad Ali" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C" title="穆罕默德·阿里 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="穆罕默德·阿里" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%99h%C9%99mm%C9%99d_%C6%8Fli" title="Məhəmməd Əli – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Məhəmməd Əli" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tolışi</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a 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(disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Cassius Clay" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Cassius Clay (disambiguation)">Cassius Clay (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Muhammad Ali</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Muhammad_Ali,_gtfy.00140_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Muhammad_Ali%2C_gtfy.00140_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Muhammad_Ali%2C_gtfy.00140_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Muhammad_Ali%2C_gtfy.00140_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Muhammad_Ali%2C_gtfy.00140_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Muhammad_Ali%2C_gtfy.00140_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Muhammad_Ali%2C_gtfy.00140_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2397" data-file-height="3105" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Ali in 1975</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.</div> (1942-01-17)January 17, 1942 <div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">June 3, 2016(2016-06-03) (aged 74) <div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Scottsdale,_Arizona" title="Scottsdale, Arizona">Scottsdale, Arizona</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Cave_Hill_Cemetery" title="Cave Hill Cemetery">Cave Hill Cemetery</a>, Louisville</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Monuments</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Mall" title="Ali Mall">Ali Mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Boulevard" title="Muhammad Ali Boulevard">Muhammad Ali Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Center" title="Muhammad Ali Center">Muhammad Ali Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_Muhammad_Ali_International_Airport" title="Louisville Muhammad Ali International Airport">Louisville Muhammad Ali International Airport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citizenship</th><td class="infobox-data category"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> (honorary)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Central_High_School_(Louisville,_Kentucky)" title="Central High School (Louisville, Kentucky)">Central High School</a> (1958)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Sonji Roi</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1964; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1966)</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Belinda_Boyd" class="mw-redirect" title="Belinda Boyd">Belinda Boyd</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1967; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1977)</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Veronica Porché</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1977; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1986)</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Yolanda "Lonnie" Williams</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1986)</div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">9, including <a href="/wiki/Laila_Ali" title="Laila Ali">Laila</a> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033199720">.mw-parser-output div.crossreference{padding-left:0}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951">see <a href="#Personal_life">below</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Marcellus_Clay_Sr." title="Cassius Marcellus Clay Sr.">Cassius Marcellus Clay Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odessa_Grady_Clay" title="Odessa Grady Clay">Odessa Grady Clay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rahaman_Ali" title="Rahaman Ali">Rahaman Ali</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archer_Alexander" title="Archer Alexander">Archer Alexander</a> (great-great-great grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nico_Ali_Walsh" title="Nico Ali Walsh">Nico Ali Walsh</a> (grandson)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali#Accolades" title="Boxing career of Muhammad Ali">Full list</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Boxing career<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>The Greatest</li> <li>The People's Champion</li> <li>The Louisville Lip</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546">Statistics</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Weight(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Heavyweight" title="Heavyweight">Heavyweight</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Height</th><td class="infobox-data">6 ft 3 in (191 cm)<a href="#cite_note-BoxRec-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reach</th><td class="infobox-data">78 in (198 cm)<a href="#cite_note-BoxRec-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Stance</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_stance" title="Orthodox stance">Orthodox</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546">Boxing record</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Total fights</th><td class="infobox-data">61</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Wins</th><td class="infobox-data">56</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Wins by KO</th><td class="infobox-data">37</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Losses</th><td class="infobox-data">5</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="mw-collapsible" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%"> <div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="line-height:1.6em; background-color:#ccf; font-size:105%; background-color:transparent; font-weight: bold;"><div style="margin:0 4em;">Medal record</div></div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size:105%"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151960987">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style> <table class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; background-color:#f9f9f9; color:#000000; font-weight:normal"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0"> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#eeeeee;color:inherit;">Men's amateur boxing </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#eeeeee;color:inherit;" class="adr">Representing <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> United States </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#cccccc;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"> <a href="/wiki/1960_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="1960 Rome">1960 Rome</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">Light-heavyweight</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#cccccc;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Intercity_Golden_Gloves" title="Intercity Golden Gloves">Intercity Golden Gloves</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"> 1959 Chicago </td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_US_national_Golden_Gloves_light_heavyweight_champions" title="List of US national Golden Gloves light heavyweight champions">Light-heavyweight</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"> 1960 New York </td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_US_national_Golden_Gloves_heavyweight_champions" title="List of US national Golden Gloves heavyweight champions">Heavyweight</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#cccccc;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Golden_Gloves" title="Chicago Golden Gloves">Chicago Golden Gloves</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"> 1959 Chicago </td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Light-heavyweight </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"> 1960 Chicago </td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Light-heavyweight </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#cccccc;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_national_amateur_boxing_championships" title="United States national amateur boxing championships">US National Championships</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"> 1959 Toledo </td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_national_amateur_boxing_light_heavyweight_champions" title="List of United States national amateur boxing light heavyweight champions">Light-heavyweight</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"> 1960 Toledo </td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Light-heavyweight </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181112191859/http://muhammadali.com:80/">muhammadali.com</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Muhammad_Ali_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Muhammad_Ali_signature.svg/150px-Muhammad_Ali_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Muhammad_Ali_signature.svg/225px-Muhammad_Ali_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Muhammad_Ali_signature.svg/300px-Muhammad_Ali_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="278" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> Muhammad Ali (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ɑːˈliː/</a>;<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.; January 17, 1942 – June 3, 2016) was an American <a href="/wiki/Professional_boxer" class="mw-redirect" title="Professional boxer">professional boxer</a>. Nicknamed "the Greatest", he is regarded as one of the most significant sports figures of the 20th century. Widely regarded as one of the greatest <a href="/wiki/Heavyweight" title="Heavyweight">heavyweight</a> boxers of all time, he held the <a href="/wiki/The_Ring_(magazine)" title="The Ring (magazine)">Ring</a> magazine heavyweight title from 1964 to 1970. He was the undisputed champion from 1974 to 1978 and the <a href="/wiki/World_Boxing_Association" title="World Boxing Association">WBA</a> and Ring heavyweight champion from 1978 to 1979. In 1999, he was named <a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated#Sportsman_of_the_Century" title="Sports Illustrated">Sportsman of the Century</a> by <a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a> and the <a href="/wiki/BBC_Sports_Personality_of_the_Year#Sports_Personality_of_the_Century_Award" title="BBC Sports Personality of the Year">Sports Personality of the Century</a> by the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>. Born and raised in <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a>, he began training as an amateur boxer at age 12. At 18, he won a gold medal in the <a href="/wiki/Light_heavyweight" title="Light heavyweight">light heavyweight</a> division at the <a href="/wiki/1960_Summer_Olympics" title="1960 Summer Olympics">1960 Summer Olympics</a> and turned professional later that year. He joined the <a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Islam" title="Nation of Islam">Nation of Islam</a> in the early 1960s, but later disavowed it in the mid-1970s. He won the world heavyweight championship, defeating <a href="/wiki/Sonny_Liston" title="Sonny Liston">Sonny Liston</a> in <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Sonny_Liston" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston">a major upset</a> on February 25, 1964, at age 22. During that year, he denounced his birth name as a "<a href="/wiki/Slave_name" title="Slave name">slave name</a>" and formally changed his name to Muhammad Ali. In 1967, Ali refused to be drafted into the military, owing to <a href="/wiki/Religious_views_of_Muhammad_Ali" title="Religious views of Muhammad Ali">his religious beliefs</a> and ethical <a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_the_Vietnam_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Opposition to the Vietnam War">opposition to the Vietnam War</a>, and was found guilty of <a href="/wiki/Draft_evasion" title="Draft evasion">draft evasion</a> and stripped of his boxing titles. He stayed out of prison while <a href="/wiki/Clay_v._United_States" title="Clay v. United States">appealing the decision</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a>, where his conviction was overturned in 1971. He did not fight for nearly four years and lost a period of peak performance as an athlete. Ali's actions as a <a href="/wiki/Conscientious_objector" title="Conscientious objector">conscientious objector</a> to the Vietnam War made him an icon for the larger <a href="/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">counterculture of the 1960s</a> generation, and he was a very high-profile figure of racial pride for <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African Americans</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">civil rights movement</a> and throughout his career. He fought in several historic boxing matches, including his highly publicized fights with Sonny Liston, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a> (including the <a href="/wiki/Fight_of_the_Century" title="Fight of the Century">Fight of the Century</a>, the biggest boxing event up until then), the <a href="/wiki/Thrilla_in_Manila" title="Thrilla in Manila">Thrilla in Manila</a>, and his fight with <a href="/wiki/George_Foreman" title="George Foreman">George Foreman</a> in <a href="/wiki/The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle" title="The Rumble in the Jungle">The Rumble in the Jungle</a>. Ali thrived in the spotlight at a time when many boxers let their managers do the talking, and he became renowned for his provocative and outlandish persona. He was famous for <a href="/wiki/Trash-talk" class="mw-redirect" title="Trash-talk">trash-talking</a>, often <a href="/wiki/Freestyle_rap" title="Freestyle rap">free-styled</a> with rhyme schemes and <a href="/wiki/Spoken_word_poetry" class="mw-redirect" title="Spoken word poetry">spoken word poetry</a>, and has been recognized as a pioneer in <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop">hip hop</a>. He often predicted in which round he would knock out his opponent. As a boxer, Ali was known for his unorthodox movement, fancy footwork, head movement, and <a href="/wiki/Rope-a-dope" title="Rope-a-dope">rope-a-dope</a> technique, among others. Outside boxing, Ali attained success as a <a href="/wiki/Spoken_word" title="Spoken word">spoken word</a> artist, releasing two studio albums: <a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Greatest_(Cassius_Clay_album)" title="I Am the Greatest (Cassius Clay album)">I Am the Greatest!</a> (1963) and <a href="/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Ali_and_His_Gang_vs._Mr._Tooth_Decay" title="The Adventures of Ali and His Gang vs. Mr. Tooth Decay">The Adventures of Ali and His Gang vs. Mr. Tooth Decay</a> (1976). Both albums received <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Grammy Award">Grammy Award</a> nominations. He also featured as an actor and writer, releasing two autobiographies. Ali retired from boxing in 1981 and focused on religion, philanthropy, and activism. In 1984, he made public his diagnosis of <a href="/wiki/Parkinson%27s_syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Parkinson's syndrome">Parkinson's syndrome</a>, which some reports attributed to boxing-related injuries, though he and his specialist physicians disputed this. He remained an active public figure globally, but in his later years made fewer public appearances as his condition worsened, and he was cared for by his family. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2></div> Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈkæʃəs/</a>) was born on January 17, 1942, in <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a>.<a href="#cite_note-greatath-4">[4]</a> He had one brother. He was named after his father, <a href="/wiki/Cassius_Marcellus_Clay_Sr." title="Cassius Marcellus Clay Sr.">Cassius Marcellus Clay Sr.</a> (1912–1990), who had a sister and four brothers<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-Timesobit-6">[6]</a> and who himself was named in honor of the 19th-century <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> politician and staunch <a href="/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States" title="Abolitionism in the United States">abolitionist</a> <a href="/wiki/Cassius_Marcellus_Clay_(politician)" title="Cassius Marcellus Clay (politician)">Cassius Marcellus Clay</a>, also from the state of Kentucky. Clay's father's paternal grandparents were John Clay and Sallie Anne Clay; Clay's sister Eva claimed that Sallie was a native of <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> He was a descendant of slaves of the <a href="/wiki/Antebellum_South" title="Antebellum South">antebellum South</a>, and was predominantly of African descent, with Irish<a href="#cite_note-Great-grandfather_emigrated_from_Ennis,_County_Clare,_Ireland-8">[8]</a> and English family heritage.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> His maternal great-grandfather, Abe Grady, emigrated from <a href="/wiki/Ennis" title="Ennis">Ennis</a>, <a href="/wiki/County_Clare" title="County Clare">County Clare</a>, Ireland.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> <a href="/wiki/DNA_testing" class="mw-redirect" title="DNA testing">DNA testing</a> performed in 2018 showed that, through his paternal grandmother, Clay was a descendant of the former slave <a href="/wiki/Archer_Alexander" title="Archer Alexander">Archer Alexander</a>, who had been chosen from the building crew as the model of a freed man for the <a href="/wiki/Emancipation_Memorial" title="Emancipation Memorial">Emancipation Memorial</a>, and was the subject of abolitionist <a href="/wiki/William_Greenleaf_Eliot" title="William Greenleaf Eliot">William Greenleaf Eliot</a>'s book, The Story of Archer Alexander: From Slavery to Freedom.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> His father was a sign and billboard painter,<a href="#cite_note-greatath-4">[4]</a> and his mother, <a href="/wiki/Odessa_Grady_Clay" title="Odessa Grady Clay">Odessa O'Grady Clay</a> (1917–1994), was a domestic helper. Although Cassius Sr. was a <a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodist</a>, he allowed Odessa to bring up both Cassius Jr. and his younger brother, <a href="/wiki/Rahaman_Ali" title="Rahaman Ali">Rudolph "Rudy" Clay</a> (later renamed Rahaman Ali), as <a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004_p14-14">[14]</a> Cassius Jr. attended <a href="/wiki/Central_High_School_(Louisville,_Kentucky)" title="Central High School (Louisville, Kentucky)">Central High School</a> in Louisville. He was <a href="/wiki/Dyslexic" class="mw-redirect" title="Dyslexic">dyslexic</a>, which led to difficulties in reading and writing, at school and for much of his life.<a href="#cite_note-Eig-15">[15]</a> He grew up amid <a href="/wiki/Racial_segregation_in_the_United_States" title="Racial segregation in the United States">racial segregation</a>. His mother recalled one occasion when he was denied a drink of water at a store: "They wouldn't give him one <a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_United_States#African_Americans" title="Racism in the United States">because of his color</a>. That really affected him."<a href="#cite_note-HauserThomas-16">[16]</a> He was also strongly affected by the 1955 murder of <a href="/wiki/Emmett_Till" title="Emmett Till">Emmett Till</a>, which led to young Clay and a friend taking out their frustration by vandalizing a local rail yard. He once told his daughter Hana, "Nothing would ever shake me up (more) than the story of Emmett Till."<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Amateur_career">Amateur career</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JoeEMartinCassiusClay1960.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/JoeEMartinCassiusClay1960.jpg/220px-JoeEMartinCassiusClay1960.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/JoeEMartinCassiusClay1960.jpg/330px-JoeEMartinCassiusClay1960.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/JoeEMartinCassiusClay1960.jpg/440px-JoeEMartinCassiusClay1960.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="880" /></a><figcaption>Cassius Clay and his trainer <a href="/wiki/Joe_E._Martin" title="Joe E. Martin">Joe E. Martin</a>, January 1960</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zbigniew_Pietrzykowski_and_Muhammad_Ali_1960.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Zbigniew_Pietrzykowski_and_Muhammad_Ali_1960.jpg/170px-Zbigniew_Pietrzykowski_and_Muhammad_Ali_1960.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Zbigniew_Pietrzykowski_and_Muhammad_Ali_1960.jpg/255px-Zbigniew_Pietrzykowski_and_Muhammad_Ali_1960.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Zbigniew_Pietrzykowski_and_Muhammad_Ali_1960.jpg/340px-Zbigniew_Pietrzykowski_and_Muhammad_Ali_1960.jpg 2x" data-file-width="737" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>Clay defeated veteran Pole <a href="/wiki/Zbigniew_Pietrzykowski" title="Zbigniew Pietrzykowski">Zbigniew Pietrzykowski</a> to win gold in the <a href="/wiki/1960_Summer_Olympics" title="1960 Summer Olympics">1960 Summer Olympics</a>.</figcaption></figure> Clay was first directed toward boxing by Louisville police officer and boxing coach <a href="/wiki/Joe_E._Martin" title="Joe E. Martin">Joe E. Martin</a>,<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> who encountered the 12-year-old fuming over a thief having taken his bicycle. He told the officer he was going to "whup" the thief. The officer told Clay he had better learn how to box first.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Initially, Clay did not take up Martin's offer, but after seeing amateur boxers on a local television boxing program called Tomorrow's Champions, Clay was interested in the prospect of fighting.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> He then began to work with trainer Fred Stoner, whom he credits with giving him the "real training", eventually molding "my style, my stamina and my system". For the last four years of Clay's amateur career he was trained by boxing <a href="/wiki/Cutman" title="Cutman">cutman</a> <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Bodak" title="Chuck Bodak">Chuck Bodak</a>.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> Clay made his amateur boxing debut in 1954 against local amateur boxer Ronnie O'Keefe. He won by split decision.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> He went on to win six Kentucky <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gloves" title="Golden Gloves">Golden Gloves</a> titles, two national Golden Gloves titles, an <a href="/wiki/Amateur_Athletic_Union" title="Amateur Athletic Union">Amateur Athletic Union</a> national title, and the <a href="/wiki/Light_heavyweight" title="Light heavyweight">light heavyweight</a> gold medal in the <a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics">1960 Summer Olympics</a> in Rome.<a href="#cite_note-Ward-24">[24]</a> Clay's amateur record was 100 wins with five losses. In his 1975 autobiography he recalled that shortly after his return from the Rome Olympics, he threw his gold medal into the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a> after he and a friend were refused service at a "whites-only" restaurant and fought with a white gang. The story was later disputed, and several of his friends, including <a href="/wiki/Drew_Bundini_Brown" title="Drew Bundini Brown">Bundini Brown</a> and photographer <a href="/wiki/Howard_Bingham" title="Howard Bingham">Howard Bingham</a>, denied it. Brown told Sports Illustrated writer Mark Kram, "<a href="/wiki/Honkies" class="mw-redirect" title="Honkies">Honkies</a> sure bought into that one!" <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hauser" title="Thomas Hauser">Thomas Hauser</a>'s biography of Ali stated that Ali was refused service at the diner but that he lost his medal a year after he won it.<a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-25">[25]</a> Ali received a replacement medal at the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Dome" title="Georgia Dome">Georgia Dome</a> during the <a href="/wiki/1996_Summer_Olympics" title="1996 Summer Olympics">1996 Olympics in Atlanta</a>, where he lit the torch to start the Games. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Professional_career">Professional career</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali" title="Boxing career of Muhammad Ali">Boxing career of Muhammad Ali</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_career">Early career</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1961_Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman_On-Site_Poster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/1961_Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman_On-Site_Poster.jpg/170px-1961_Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman_On-Site_Poster.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/1961_Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman_On-Site_Poster.jpg/255px-1961_Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman_On-Site_Poster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/1961_Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman_On-Site_Poster.jpg/340px-1961_Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman_On-Site_Poster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1910" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>On-site poster for <a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman" title="Cassius Clay vs. Donnie Fleeman">Cassius Clay's</a> fifth professional bout</figcaption></figure> Clay made his professional debut on October 29, 1960, winning a six-round decision over <a href="/wiki/Tunney_Hunsaker" title="Tunney Hunsaker">Tunney Hunsaker</a>. From then until the end of 1963, Clay amassed a record of 19–0 with 15 wins by knockout. He defeated boxers including Tony Esperti, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Robinson_(boxer)" title="Jim Robinson (boxer)">Jim Robinson</a>, Donnie Fleeman, Alonzo Johnson, George Logan, Willi Besmanoff, <a href="/wiki/LaMar_Clark" title="LaMar Clark">LaMar Clark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doug_Jones_(boxer)" title="Doug Jones (boxer)">Doug Jones</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Henry_Cooper" title="Henry Cooper">Henry Cooper</a>. Clay also beat his former trainer and veteran boxer <a href="/wiki/Archie_Moore" title="Archie Moore">Archie Moore</a> in a 1962 match.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> These early fights were not without trials. Clay was knocked down by both <a href="/wiki/Sonny_Banks" title="Sonny Banks">Sonny Banks</a> and Cooper. In the Cooper fight, Clay was floored by a left <a href="/wiki/Hook_(boxing)" title="Hook (boxing)">hook</a> at the end of round four and was saved by the bell, going on to win in the predicted fifth round due to Cooper's severely cut eye. The fight with Doug Jones on March 13, 1963, was Clay's toughest fight during this stretch. The number two and three heavyweight contenders respectively, Clay and Jones fought on Jones' home turf at New York's <a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_Garden_(1925)" title="Madison Square Garden (1925)">Madison Square Garden</a>. Jones staggered Clay in the first round, and the unanimous decision for Clay was greeted by boos and a rain of debris thrown into the ring. Watching on closed-circuit TV, heavyweight champ <a href="/wiki/Sonny_Liston" title="Sonny Liston">Sonny Liston</a> quipped that if he fought Clay he (Liston) might get locked up for murder. The fight was later named "Fight of the Year" by The Ring magazine.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> In each of these fights, Clay vocally belittled his opponents and vaunted his abilities. He called Jones "an ugly little man" and Cooper a "bum". He said he was embarrassed to get in the ring with Alex Miteff and claimed that Madison Square Garden was "too small for me".<a href="#cite_note-Mee-29">[29]</a> Ali's <a href="/wiki/Trash_talk" title="Trash talk">trash talk</a> was inspired by <a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestler" class="mw-redirect" title="Professional wrestler">professional wrestler</a> <a href="/wiki/Gorgeous_George" title="Gorgeous George">"Gorgeous George" Wagner</a>'s, after he saw George's talking ability attract huge crowds to events.<a href="#cite_note-SI-30">[30]</a> In a 1969 interview he stated that he met with George in Las Vegas in 1961, that George told him that talking a big game would earn paying fans who either wanted to see him win or wanted to see him lose, thus Clay transformed himself into a self-described "big-mouth and a bragger".<a href="#cite_note-georgali-31">[31]</a> In 1960, Clay left Moore's camp, partially due to Clay's refusal to do chores such as washing dishes and sweeping. To replace Moore, Clay hired <a href="/wiki/Angelo_Dundee" title="Angelo Dundee">Angelo Dundee</a> to be his trainer. Clay had met Dundee in February 1957 during Clay's amateur career.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Around this time, Clay sought longtime idol <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Robinson" title="Sugar Ray Robinson">Sugar Ray Robinson</a> to be his manager, but was rebuffed.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_heavyweight_champion">World heavyweight champion</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fights_against_Liston">Fights against Liston</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Sonny_Liston" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston">Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston</a></div> By late 1963, Clay had become the top contender for Sonny Liston's title. The fight was set for February 25, 1964, in <a href="/wiki/Miami_Beach" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami Beach">Miami Beach</a>. Liston was an intimidating personality, a dominating fighter with a criminal past and ties to the mob. Based on Clay's uninspired performance against Jones and Cooper in his previous two fights, and Liston's destruction of former heavyweight champion <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Patterson" title="Floyd Patterson">Floyd Patterson</a> in two first-round knockouts, Clay was an 8:1 underdog.<a href="#cite_note-Liston-34">[34]</a> Despite this, Clay taunted Liston during the pre-fight buildup, dubbing him "the big ugly bear", claiming "Liston even smells like a bear" and "I'm gonna give him to the local zoo after I whup him."<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Clay turned the pre-fight weigh-in into a circus, shouting at Liston that "someone is going to die at ringside tonight." Clay's pulse rate was measured at 120, more than double his normal 54.<a href="#cite_note-Liston-34">[34]</a> Many of those in attendance thought Clay's behavior stemmed from fear, and some commentators wondered if he would show up for the bout. The outcome of the fight was a major upset. At the opening bell, Liston rushed at Clay, seemingly angry and looking for a quick knockout. However, Clay's superior speed and mobility enabled him to elude Liston, making the champion miss and look awkward. At the end of the first round, Clay opened up his attack and hit Liston repeatedly with jabs. Liston fought better in round two, but at the beginning of the third round Clay hit Liston with a combination that buckled his knees and opened a cut under his left eye. This was the first time Liston had ever been cut. At the end of round four, Clay was returning to his corner when he began experiencing blinding pain in his eyes and asked his trainer, <a href="/wiki/Angelo_Dundee" title="Angelo Dundee">Angelo Dundee</a>, to cut off his gloves. Dundee refused. It has been speculated that the problem was due to ointment used to seal Liston's cuts, perhaps deliberately applied by his corner to his gloves.<a href="#cite_note-Liston-34">[34]</a> Though unconfirmed, boxing historian <a href="/wiki/Bert_Sugar" title="Bert Sugar">Bert Sugar</a> said that two of Liston's opponents also complained about their eyes "burning".<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Despite Liston's attempts to knock out a blinded Clay, Clay was able to survive the fifth round until sweat and tears rinsed the irritation from his eyes. In the sixth, Clay dominated, hitting Liston repeatedly. Liston did not answer the bell for the seventh round, and Clay was declared the winner by <a href="/wiki/TKO" class="mw-redirect" title="TKO">TKO</a>. Liston stated that the reason he quit was an injured shoulder. Following the win, a triumphant Clay rushed to the edge of the ring and, pointing to the ringside press, shouted: "Eat your words!" He added, "I am the greatest! I shook up the world. I'm the prettiest thing that ever lived."<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> At ringside post fight, Clay appeared unconvinced that the fight was stopped due to a Liston shoulder injury, saying that the only injury Liston had was "an open eye, a big cut eye!" When told by Joe Louis that the injury was a "left arm thrown out of its socket," Clay quipped, "Yeah, swinging at nothing, who wouldn't?"<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> In winning this fight at the age of 22, Clay became the youngest boxer to take the title from a reigning heavyweight champion. However, <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Patterson" title="Floyd Patterson">Floyd Patterson</a> remained the youngest to win the heavyweight championship, doing so at the age 21 during an elimination bout following <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Marciano" title="Rocky Marciano">Rocky Marciano</a>'s retirement. <a href="/wiki/Mike_Tyson" title="Mike Tyson">Mike Tyson</a> broke both records in 1986 when he defeated <a href="/wiki/Trevor_Berbick" title="Trevor Berbick">Trevor Berbick</a> to win the heavyweight title at age 20. The feat also made Clay the fastest boxer to win the championship (non-vacant) in the modern era, doing so in 20 bouts. Soon after the Liston fight, Clay changed his name to Cassius X, and then later to Muhammad Ali upon converting to the <a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Islam" title="Nation of Islam">Nation of Islam</a>. Ali then faced a rematch with Liston scheduled for May 1965 in <a href="/wiki/Lewiston,_Maine" title="Lewiston, Maine">Lewiston, Maine</a>. It had been scheduled for Boston the previous November, but was postponed for six months due to Ali's emergency surgery for a hernia three days before.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> The fight was controversial. Midway through the first round, Liston was knocked down by a difficult-to-see blow the press dubbed a "phantom punch". Referee <a href="/wiki/Jersey_Joe_Walcott" title="Jersey Joe Walcott">Jersey Joe Walcott</a> did not begin the count immediately after the knockdown, as Ali refused to retreat to a neutral corner. Liston rose after he had been down for about 20 seconds, and the fight momentarily continued. However a few seconds later Walcott, having been informed by the timekeepers that Liston had been down for a count of 10, stopped the match and declared Ali the winner by knockout.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> The entire fight lasted less than two minutes.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> It has since been speculated that Liston purposely dropped to the ground. Proposed motivations include threats on his life from the Nation of Islam, that he had bet against himself and that he "took a dive" to pay off debts. Slow-motion replays show that Liston was jarred by a chopping right from Ali, although it is unclear whether the blow was a genuine knockout punch.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fight_against_Patterson">Fight against Patterson</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Floyd_Patterson" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson">Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson</a></div> Ali defended his title against former heavyweight champion <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Patterson" title="Floyd Patterson">Floyd Patterson</a> on November 22, 1965. Before the match, Ali mocked Patterson, who was widely known to call him by his former name Cassius Clay, as an "<a href="/wiki/Uncle_Tom_syndrome" title="Uncle Tom syndrome">Uncle Tom</a>", calling him "The Rabbit". Although Ali had the better of Patterson, who appeared injured during the fight, the match lasted 12 rounds before being called on a technical knockout. Patterson later said he had strained his <a href="/wiki/Sacroiliac" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacroiliac">sacroiliac</a>. Ali was criticized in the sports media for appearing to have toyed with Patterson during the fight.<a href="#cite_note-Belth-43">[43]</a> Patterson biographer W. K. Stratton claims that the conflict between Ali and Patterson was not genuine but was staged to increase ticket sales and the closed-circuit viewing audience, with both men complicit in the theatrics. Stratton also cites an interview by <a href="/wiki/Howard_Cosell" title="Howard Cosell">Howard Cosell</a> in which Ali explained that rather than toying with Patterson, he refrained from knocking him out after it became apparent Patterson was injured. Patterson later said that he had never been hit by punches as soft as Ali's. Stratton states that Ali arranged the second fight, in 1972, with the financially struggling Patterson to help the former champion earn enough money to pay a debt to the <a href="/wiki/IRS" class="mw-redirect" title="IRS">IRS</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Belth-43">[43]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Main_Bout">Main Bout</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muhammad_Ali_1966.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Muhammad_Ali_1966.jpg/170px-Muhammad_Ali_1966.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Muhammad_Ali_1966.jpg/255px-Muhammad_Ali_1966.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Muhammad_Ali_1966.jpg/340px-Muhammad_Ali_1966.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2656" data-file-height="1942" /></a><figcaption>Ali watches replay of his March 1966 title fight against <a href="/wiki/Henry_Cooper" title="Henry Cooper">Henry Cooper</a>.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a></figcaption></figure> After the Patterson fight, Ali founded his own promotion company, Main Bout. The company mainly handled Ali's boxing promotions and <a href="/wiki/Pay-per-view" title="Pay-per-view">pay-per-view</a> <a href="/wiki/Closed-circuit_television" title="Closed-circuit television">closed-circuit television</a> broadcasts. The company's stockholders were mainly fellow Nation of Islam members, along with several others, including <a href="/wiki/Bob_Arum" title="Bob Arum">Bob Arum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Ezra105-45">[45]</a> Ali and then-<a href="/wiki/World_Boxing_Association" title="World Boxing Association">WBA</a> heavyweight champion boxer <a href="/wiki/Ernie_Terrell" title="Ernie Terrell">Ernie Terrell</a> had agreed to meet for a bout in Chicago on March 29, 1966 (the WBA, one of two boxing associations, had stripped Ali of his title following his joining the Nation of Islam). But in February Ali was reclassified by the Louisville draft board as 1-A from 1-Y, and he indicated that he would refuse to serve, commenting to the press, "I ain't got nothing against no <a href="/wiki/Viet_Cong" title="Viet Cong">Viet Cong</a>; no Viet Cong never called me <a href="/wiki/Nigger" title="Nigger">nigger</a>.",<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> although the second part is probably apocryphal.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Amidst the media and public outcry over Ali's stance, the Illinois Athletic Commission refused to sanction the fight, citing technicalities.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> Instead, Ali traveled to Canada and Europe and won championship bouts against <a href="/wiki/George_Chuvalo" title="George Chuvalo">George Chuvalo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Cooper" title="Henry Cooper">Henry Cooper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_London" title="Brian London">Brian London</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Karl_Mildenberger" title="Karl Mildenberger">Karl Mildenberger</a>. Ali returned to the United States to fight <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Williams" title="Cleveland Williams">Cleveland Williams</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Astrodome" title="Astrodome">Astrodome</a> in <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a> on November 14, 1966. The bout drew a record-breaking indoor crowd of 35,460 people. Williams had once been considered among the hardest punchers in the heavyweight division, but in 1964 he had been shot at point-blank range by a Texas policeman, resulting in the loss of one kidney and 3.0 metres (10 ft) of his small intestine. Ali dominated Williams, winning a third-round technical knockout in what some consider the finest performance of his career. Ali fought Terrell in Houston on February 6, 1967. Terrell, who was unbeaten in five years and had defeated many of the boxers Ali had faced, was billed as Ali's toughest opponent since Liston; he was big, strong and had a three-inch reach advantage over Ali. During the lead up to the bout, Terrell repeatedly called Ali "Clay", much to Ali's annoyance. The two almost came to blows over the name issue in a pre-fight interview with Howard Cosell. Ali seemed intent on humiliating Terrell. "I want to torture him", he said. "A clean knockout is too good for him."<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> The fight was close until the seventh round, when Ali bloodied Terrell and almost knocked him out. In the eighth round, Ali taunted Terrell, hitting him with jabs and shouting between punches, "What's my name, Uncle Tom ... what's my name?" Ali won a unanimous 15-round decision. Terrell claimed that early in the fight Ali deliberately thumbed him in the eye, forcing him to fight half-blind, and then, in a clinch, rubbed the wounded eye against the ropes. Because of Ali's apparent intent to prolong the fight to inflict maximum punishment, critics described the bout as "one of the ugliest boxing fights". <a href="/wiki/Tex_Maule" title="Tex Maule">Tex Maule</a> later wrote: "It was a wonderful demonstration of boxing skill and a barbarous display of cruelty." Ali denied the accusations of cruelty but, for Ali's critics, the fight provided more evidence of his arrogance. After Ali's title defense against <a href="/wiki/Zora_Folley" title="Zora Folley">Zora Folley</a> on March 22, he was stripped of his title due to his refusal to be drafted to army service.<a href="#cite_note-greatath-4">[4]</a> His boxing license was also suspended by the state of New York. He was convicted of draft evasion on June 20 and sentenced to five years in prison and a $10,000 fine. He paid a bond and remained free while the verdict was being appealed. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Draft_resistance">Draft resistance</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Clay_v._United_States" title="Clay v. United States">Clay v. United States</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:35em; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> My enemy is the white people, not Viet Cong or Chinese or Japanese. You my opposer when I want freedom. You my opposer when I want justice. You my opposer when I want equality. You won't even stand up for me in America for my religious beliefs—and you want me to go somewhere and fight, but you won't even stand up for me here at home? </blockquote> <cite class="left-aligned" style="">—Muhammad Ali to a crowd of college students during his exile from boxing<a href="#cite_note-tribune-50">[50]</a></cite> </div> Ali registered for <a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_the_United_States" title="Conscription in the United States">conscription in the United States</a> military on his 18th birthday and was listed as <a href="/wiki/Class_1-A" class="mw-redirect" title="Class 1-A">1-A</a> in 1962.<a href="#cite_note-foley-51">[51]</a> In 1964, he was reclassified as Class 1-Y (fit for service only in times of national emergency) after he failed the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Armed_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Armed Forces">U.S. Armed Forces</a> qualifying test because his writing and spelling skills were sub-standard,<a href="#cite_note-cmbpi-52">[52]</a> due to his <a href="/wiki/Dyslexia" title="Dyslexia">dyslexia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Eig-15">[15]</a> (He was quoted as saying, "I said I was the greatest, not the smartest!"<a href="#cite_note-foley-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-neel-53">[53]</a>) By early 1966, the army lowered its standards to permit soldiers above the 15th percentile and Ali was again classified as 1-A.<a href="#cite_note-greatath-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-foley-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-neel-53">[53]</a> This classification meant he was now eligible for the draft and induction into the U.S. Army at a time when the U.S. was involved in the Vietnam War, a war which put him further at odds with the white establishment.<a href="#cite_note-Roberts-54">[54]</a> When notified of this status, Ali declared that he would refuse to serve in the army and publicly considered himself a <a href="/wiki/Conscientious_objector" title="Conscientious objector">conscientious objector</a>.<a href="#cite_note-greatath-4">[4]</a> Ali stated: "War is against the teachings of the <a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a>. I'm not trying to dodge the draft. We are not supposed to take part in no wars unless declared by <a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a> or The Messenger. We don't take part in Christian wars or wars of any unbelievers".<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> He also said, "We are not to be the aggressor but we will defend ourselves if attacked." He stated: "Man, I ain't got no quarrel with them Vietcong."<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Ali elaborated: "Why should they ask me to put on a uniform and go ten thousand miles from home and drop bombs and bullets on brown people in Vietnam while so-called Negro people in Louisville are treated like dogs and denied simple human rights?"<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> Ali antagonized the white establishment in 1966 by refusing to be drafted into the U.S. military, citing his religious beliefs and opposition to American involvement in the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-HauserThomas-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-Roberts-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-nytimes1-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> On April 28, 1967, Ali appeared in Houston for his scheduled induction into the U.S. Armed Forces, but he refused three times to step forward when his name was called. An officer warned him that he was committing a felony punishable by five years in prison and a fine of $10,000. Once more, Ali refused to budge when his name was called, and he was arrested. Later that same day, the <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Athletic_Commission" title="New York State Athletic Commission">New York State Athletic Commission</a> suspended his boxing license and the <a href="/wiki/World_Boxing_Association" title="World Boxing Association">World Boxing Association</a> stripped him of his title.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> Other boxing commissions followed suit. Ali remained unable to obtain a license to box in any state for over three years.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">page needed</a>] On June 4, 1967, in a first for sports professionals, a group of high-profile African-American athletes including <a href="/wiki/Jim_Brown" title="Jim Brown">Jim Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Russell" title="Bill Russell">Bill Russell</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kareem_Abdul-Jabbar" title="Kareem Abdul-Jabbar">Kareem Abdul-Jabbar</a>, as well as one political leader, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Stokes" title="Carl Stokes">Carl Stokes</a>, assembled with Ali at the Negro Industrial Economic Union in Cleveland for what became known as the "<a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Summit" title="Cleveland Summit">Cleveland Summit</a>" or the "Muhammad Ali Summit". The meeting was organized by Brown for his peers to question Ali about the seriousness of his convictions, and to decide whether to support him, which they ultimately did.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="width: 210px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://americanarchive.org/catalog/cpb-aacip_15-59c5c0ps">Conversation with Muhammad Ali</a>, includes transcript, July 7, 1968, 28:55, <a href="/wiki/American_Archive_of_Public_Broadcasting" title="American Archive of Public Broadcasting">American Archive of Public Broadcasting</a><a href="#cite_note-wgbhf-64">[64]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> At the trial on June 20, 1967, the jury found Ali guilty after only 21 minutes of deliberation of the criminal offense of violating the <a href="/wiki/Military_Selective_Service_Act" title="Military Selective Service Act">Selective Service laws</a> by refusing to be drafted.<a href="#cite_note-greatath-4">[4]</a> After a Court of Appeals upheld the conviction, the case was reviewed by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1971.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Ali remained free in the years between the Appellate Court decision and the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a> ruling. As public opinion began turning against the war and the Civil Rights Movement continued to gather momentum, Ali became a popular speaker at colleges and universities across the country; this itinerary was rare if not unprecedented for a prizefighter. At <a href="/wiki/Howard_University" title="Howard University">Howard University</a>, for example, he gave his popular "Black Is Best" speech to 4,000 cheering students and community intellectuals, after he was invited to speak by sociology professor <a href="/wiki/Nathan_Hare" title="Nathan Hare">Nathan Hare</a> on behalf of the Black Power Committee, a student protest group.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> On June 28, 1971, the Supreme Court of the United States in <a href="/wiki/Clay_v._United_States" title="Clay v. United States">Clay v. United States</a> overturned Ali's conviction by a unanimous 8–0 decision (Justice <a href="/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall" title="Thurgood Marshall">Thurgood Marshall</a> recused himself, as he had been the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Solicitor_General" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Solicitor General">U.S. Solicitor General</a> at the time of Ali's conviction).<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> The decision was not based on, nor did it address, the merits of Ali's claims per se. Rather, the Court held that since the appeal board gave no reason for the denial of a conscientious objector exemption to Ali, that it was therefore impossible to determine which of the three basic tests for conscientious objector status (offered in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Justice Department</a>'s brief) the appeal board relied on, and Ali's conviction must be reversed.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> In a 1974 interview, Ali said, "If they say stand and salute the flag I do that out of respect, because I'm in the country".<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> Ali would later say, "If America was in trouble and real war came, I'd be on the front line if we had been attacked. But I could see that [the Vietnam War] wasn't right."<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> He also said, "Black men would go over there and fight, but when they came home, they couldn't even be served a hamburger."<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Impact_of_Ali's_draft_refusal">Impact of Ali's draft refusal</h3></div> Ali's example inspired many black Americans and others. However, initially when he refused induction, he became arguably the most hated man in the country and received many death threats. People who supported Ali during this time were also threatened, including sports journalist <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Izenberg" title="Jerry Izenberg">Jerry Izenberg</a>, whose columns defended Ali's decision not to serve. He wrote, "Bomb threats emptied our office, making the staff stand out in the snow. My car windshield was smashed with a sledgehammer."<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> The New York Times columnist <a href="/wiki/William_Rhoden" class="mw-redirect" title="William Rhoden">William Rhoden</a> wrote, "Ali's actions changed my standard of what constituted an athlete's greatness. Possessing a killer jump shot or the ability to stop on a dime was no longer enough. What were you doing for the liberation of your people? What were you doing to help your country live up to the covenant of its founding principles?"<a href="#cite_note-nytimes1-59">[59]</a> Recalling Ali's anti-war position, <a href="/wiki/Kareem_Abdul-Jabbar" title="Kareem Abdul-Jabbar">Kareem Abdul-Jabbar</a> said: "I remember the teachers at my high school didn't like Ali because he was so anti-establishment and he kind of thumbed his nose at authority and got away with it. The fact that he was proud to be a black man and that he had so much talent ... made some people think that he was dangerous. But for those very reasons I enjoyed him."<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Civil rights figures came to believe that Ali had an energizing effect on the freedom movement as a whole. <a href="/wiki/Al_Sharpton" title="Al Sharpton">Al Sharpton</a> spoke of his bravery at a time when there was still widespread support for the Vietnam War: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">For the heavyweight champion of the world, who had achieved the highest level of athletic celebrity, to put all of that on the line—the money, the ability to get endorsements—to sacrifice all of that for a cause, gave a whole sense of legitimacy to the movement and the causes with young people that nothing else could have done. Even those who were assassinated, certainly lost their lives, but they didn't voluntarily do that. He knew he was going to jail and did it anyway. That's another level of leadership and sacrifice.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a></blockquote> Ali was honored with the annual Martin Luther King Award in 1970 by civil rights leader <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Abernathy" title="Ralph Abernathy">Ralph Abernathy</a>, who called him "a living example of soul power, the <a href="/wiki/March_on_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="March on Washington">March on Washington</a> in two fists". <a href="/wiki/Coretta_Scott_King" title="Coretta Scott King">Coretta Scott King</a> added that Ali was "a champion of justice and peace and unity".<a href="#cite_note-Ezra82-76">[76]</a> In speaking of the cost on Ali's career of his refusal to be drafted, his trainer Angelo Dundee said, "One thing must be taken into account when talking about Ali: He was robbed of his best years, his prime years."<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> Ali's promoter <a href="/wiki/Bob_Arum" title="Bob Arum">Bob Arum</a> did not support Ali's choice at the time, but in 2016 Arum stated: "when I look back at his life, and I was blessed to call him a friend and spent a lot of time with him, it's hard for me to talk about his exploits in boxing because as great as they were they paled in comparison to the impact that he had on the world. ... He did what he thought was right. And it turned out he was right, and I was wrong."<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> Ali's resistance to the draft was covered in the 2013 documentary <a href="/wiki/The_Trials_of_Muhammad_Ali" title="The Trials of Muhammad Ali">The Trials of Muhammad Ali</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Rapold-79">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="NSA_and_FBI_monitoring_of_Ali's_communications">NSA and FBI monitoring of Ali's communications</h3></div> In a secret operation code-named "<a href="/wiki/Project_MINARET" title="Project MINARET">Minaret</a>", the <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">National Security Agency</a> (NSA) intercepted the communications of leading Americans, including Ali, Senators <a href="/wiki/Frank_Church" title="Frank Church">Frank Church</a> and <a href="/wiki/Howard_Baker" title="Howard Baker">Howard Baker</a>, Dr. <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a>, prominent U.S. journalists, and others who criticized the U.S. war in Vietnam.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-theguardian.com-81">[81]</a> A review by the NSA of the Minaret program concluded that it was "disreputable if not outright illegal".<a href="#cite_note-theguardian.com-81">[81]</a> In 1971, Ali's <a href="/wiki/Fight_of_the_Century" title="Fight of the Century">Fight of the Century</a> with Frazier was used by an activist group, the <a href="/wiki/Citizens%27_Commission_to_Investigate_the_FBI" title="Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI">Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI</a>, to pull off a burglary at an <a href="/wiki/FBI" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI">FBI</a> office in Pennsylvania; the anticipation for the fight was unlike anything else, so they believed the security would also be focused on the fight. This raid exposed the <a href="/wiki/COINTELPRO" title="COINTELPRO">COINTELPRO</a> operations that included illegal spying on activists involved with the civil rights and anti-war movements. One of the COINTELPRO targets was Ali, and their activities included the FBI gaining access to his records as far back as elementary school; one such record mentioned him loving art as a child.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exile_and_comeback">Exile and comeback</h2></div> In March 1966, Ali <a href="#Draft_resistance">refused to be inducted into the armed forces</a>. He was systematically denied a boxing license in every state and stripped of his passport. As a result, he did not fight from March 1967 to October 1970—from ages 25 to almost 29—as his case worked its way through the appeals process before his conviction was overturned in 1971.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protesting_while_exiled">Protesting while exiled</h3></div> During this time of inactivity, as <a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_the_Vietnam_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Opposition to the Vietnam War">opposition to the Vietnam War</a> began to grow and Ali's stance gained sympathy, he spoke at colleges across the nation, criticizing the Vietnam War and advocating African American pride and racial justice. Ali based himself in Chicago.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> According to most close to him, his Chicago years were formative. At the time, Ali was widely condemned by the <a href="/wiki/American_media" class="mw-redirect" title="American media">American media</a>,<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> with fears that his actions could potentially lead to mass <a href="/wiki/Civil_disobedience" title="Civil disobedience">civil disobedience</a>.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> Despite this, <a href="/wiki/Ebony_(magazine)" title="Ebony (magazine)">Ebony</a> magazine noted in the late 1960s that Ali's popularity had increased during this time, especially among black people.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Super_Fight">The Super Fight</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Super_Fight" title="The Super Fight">The Super Fight</a></div> While banned from sanctioned bouts, Ali settled a $1 million lawsuit against radio producer Murray Woroner by accepting $10,000 to appear in a privately staged fantasy fight against retired champion Rocky Marciano.<a href="#cite_note-Enterprise_News_Sep_2009-88">[88]</a> In 1969 the boxers were filmed sparring for about 75 one-minute rounds; they produced several potential outcomes.<a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian_Nov_2012-89">[89]</a> A computer program purportedly determined the winner, based on data about the fighters, along with the opinions of approximately 250 boxing experts. Edited versions of the bout were shown in movie theaters in 1970. In the U.S. version Ali lost in a simulated 13th-round knockout, but in the European version Marciano lost due to cuts, also simulated.<a href="#cite_note-Bingham_218-90">[90]</a> Ali suggested that prejudice determined his defeat in the U.S. version; he was reported to have jokingly said, "That computer was made in <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a>."<a href="#cite_note-Enterprise_News_Sep_2009-88">[88]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Return">Return</h2></div> On August 11, 1970, with his case still in appeal, Ali was granted a license to box by the City of Atlanta Athletic Commission. <a href="/wiki/Leroy_Johnson_(Georgia_politician)" title="Leroy Johnson (Georgia politician)">Leroy Johnson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Hill_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Jesse Hill Jr.">Jesse Hill Jr.</a> and Harry Pett had used their local political influence and set up the company House of Sports to organize the fight, underlining the influential power of Georgia's black politics in Ali's comeback.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> Ali's first return bout was against <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Quarry" title="Jerry Quarry">Jerry Quarry</a> on October 26, resulting in a win after three rounds after Quarry was cut. A month earlier, a victory in federal court forced the New York State Boxing Commission to reinstate Ali's license.<a href="#cite_note-cgnyrl-92">[92]</a> He fought <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Bonavena" title="Oscar Bonavena">Oscar Bonavena</a> at Madison Square Garden in December, an uninspired performance that ended in a dramatic <a href="/wiki/Technical_knockout" class="mw-redirect" title="Technical knockout">technical knockout</a> of Bonavena in the 15th round. The win left Ali as a top contender against heavyweight champion <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a>.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fight_against_Joe_Frazier">Fight against Joe Frazier</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier_vs._Muhammad_Ali" class="mw-redirect" title="Joe Frazier vs. Muhammad Ali">Joe Frazier vs. Muhammad Ali</a></div> Ali and Frazier's first fight, held at the Garden, was on March 8, 1971, while Ali's Supreme Court appeal was still pending. It was nicknamed the "<a href="/wiki/Fight_of_the_Century" title="Fight of the Century">Fight of the Century</a>" due to the tremendous excitement surrounding a bout between two undefeated fighters, each with a legitimate claim to be heavyweight champion. Veteran U.S. boxing writer John Condon called it "the greatest event I've ever worked on in my life." The bout was broadcast to 36 countries; promoters granted 760 press passes.<a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-25">[25]</a> Adding to the atmosphere were the considerable pre-fight theatrics and name calling. Before the fight, Frazier called Ali "Cassius Clay," angering Ali who responded by calling Frazier a "dumb tool of the white establishment" and saying "Frazier is too ugly to be champ. Frazier is too dumb to be champ." Ali also frequently called Frazier an "<a href="/wiki/Uncle_Tom" title="Uncle Tom">Uncle Tom</a>." Dave Wolf, who worked in Frazier's camp, recalled that "Ali was saying 'the only people rooting for Joe Frazier are white people in suits, Alabama sheriffs, and members of the <a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a>. I'm fighting for the little man in the ghetto.' Joe was sitting there, smashing his fist into the palm of his hand, saying, 'What the fuck does he know about the ghetto?'"<a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-25">[25]</a> Ali began training at a farm near <a href="/wiki/Reading,_Pennsylvania" title="Reading, Pennsylvania">Reading, Pennsylvania</a>, in 1971 and, finding the country setting to his liking, sought to develop a <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali%27s_Deer_Lake_Training_Camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Ali's Deer Lake Training Camp">real training camp</a> in the countryside. He found a five-acre site on a Pennsylvania country road in the village of <a href="/wiki/Deer_Lake,_Pennsylvania" title="Deer Lake, Pennsylvania">Deer Lake, Pennsylvania</a>. On this site, Ali carved out what was to become his training camp, where he trained for all his fights from 1972 to the end of his career in 1981. The Monday night fight lived up to its billing. In a preview of their two other fights, a crouching, bobbing and weaving Frazier constantly pressured Ali, getting hit regularly by Ali jabs and combinations, but relentlessly attacking and scoring repeatedly, especially to Ali's body. The fight was even in the early rounds, but Ali was taking more punishment than ever in his career up until that point. On several occasions in the early rounds, he played to the crowd and shook his head "no" after he was hit. In the later rounds—in what was the first appearance of the "<a href="/wiki/Rope-a-dope" title="Rope-a-dope">rope-a-dope</a> strategy"—Ali leaned against the ropes and absorbed punishment from Frazier, hoping to tire him. In the 11th round, Frazier connected with a left hook that wobbled Ali, but because it appeared that Ali might be clowning as he staggered backwards across the ring, Frazier hesitated to press his advantage, fearing an Ali counterattack. In the final round, Frazier knocked Ali down with a vicious left hook, which referee <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Mercante" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Mercante">Arthur Mercante</a> said was as hard as a man can be hit. Ali was back on his feet in three seconds.<a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-25">[25]</a> Nevertheless, Ali lost by unanimous decision, his first professional defeat. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_his_loss">After his loss</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chamberlain_challenge_and_Ellis_fight">Chamberlain challenge and Ellis fight</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jimmy_Ellis" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Ellis">Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Ellis</a></div> In 1971, basketball star <a href="/wiki/Wilt_Chamberlain" title="Wilt Chamberlain">Wilt Chamberlain</a> challenged Ali to a fight, and a bout was scheduled for July 26. Although the seven-foot-one-inch-tall Chamberlain had formidable physical advantages over Ali—weighing 60 pounds more and able to reach 14 inches further—Ali was able to influence Chamberlain into calling off the bout by taunting him with calls of "Timber!" and "The tree will fall" during a shared interview. These statements of confidence unsettled his taller opponent, whom <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Lakers" title="Los Angeles Lakers">Los Angeles Lakers</a> owner <a href="/wiki/Jack_Kent_Cooke" title="Jack Kent Cooke">Jack Kent Cooke</a> had offered a record-setting contract, conditional on Chamberlain agreeing to abandon what Cooke termed "this boxing foolishness",<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> and he did exactly that.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> Meanwhile, on June 28, 1971, the Supreme Court overturned Ali's draft evasion conviction. To replace Ali's opponent, promoter <a href="/wiki/Bob_Arum" title="Bob Arum">Bob Arum</a> quickly booked a former sparring partner of Ali's, <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Ellis_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Ellis (boxer)">Jimmy Ellis</a>, who was a childhood friend from <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a>, to fight him. Ali won the bout through a technical knockout when the referee stopped the fight in the twelfth round.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fights_against_Quarry,_Patterson,_Foster,_Bugner_and_Norton">Fights against Quarry, Patterson, Foster, Bugner and Norton</h4></div> After Ellis, Ali fought Jerry Quarry, had a second bout with Floyd Patterson, and faced <a href="/wiki/Bob_Foster_(boxer)" title="Bob Foster (boxer)">Bob Foster</a> in 1972, winning a total of six fights that year. During two bouts he had in 1973 with <a href="/wiki/Joe_Bugner" title="Joe Bugner">Joe Bugner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton" title="Ken Norton">Ken Norton</a>, he wore a "People's Choice" robe given to him by <a href="/wiki/Elvis_Presley" title="Elvis Presley">Elvis Presley</a>.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> In 1973, before his fight with Norton, Tom Cushman, a boxing writer for the Philadelphia Daily News, said Ali was "gloriously overconfident" and didn't consider Norton "a threat at all."<a href="#cite_note-Selbe-2020-100">[100]</a> But during the fight, either in the second round according to most press reports, or the final round according to Norton, Norton broke Ali's jaw and inflicted by decision the second loss of his career.<a href="#cite_note-Selbe-2020-100">[100]</a> After considering retirement, Ali won a controversial decision against Norton in their second bout.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] This led to a rematch with Joe Frazier at Madison Square Garden on January 28, 1974; Frazier had recently lost his title to George Foreman. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Second_fight_against_Joe_Frazier">Second fight against Joe Frazier</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Joe_Frazier_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier II">Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier II</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gatti,_Reutemann,_Cap,_Clay_y_Frazier_-_El_Gr%C3%A1fico_2831_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Gatti%2C_Reutemann%2C_Cap%2C_Clay_y_Frazier_-_El_Gr%C3%A1fico_2831_3.jpg/290px-Gatti%2C_Reutemann%2C_Cap%2C_Clay_y_Frazier_-_El_Gr%C3%A1fico_2831_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Gatti%2C_Reutemann%2C_Cap%2C_Clay_y_Frazier_-_El_Gr%C3%A1fico_2831_3.jpg/435px-Gatti%2C_Reutemann%2C_Cap%2C_Clay_y_Frazier_-_El_Gr%C3%A1fico_2831_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Gatti%2C_Reutemann%2C_Cap%2C_Clay_y_Frazier_-_El_Gr%C3%A1fico_2831_3.jpg/580px-Gatti%2C_Reutemann%2C_Cap%2C_Clay_y_Frazier_-_El_Gr%C3%A1fico_2831_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="786" data-file-height="428" /></a><figcaption>Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Frazier</a>, promotional photo</figcaption></figure> Ali was strong in the early rounds of the fight, and staggered Frazier in the second round. Referee Tony Perez mistakenly thought he heard the bell ending the round and stepped between the two fighters as Ali was pressing his attack, giving Frazier time to recover. However, Frazier came on in the middle rounds, snapping Ali's head in round seven and driving him to the ropes at the end of round eight. The last four rounds saw round-to-round shifts in momentum between the two fighters. Throughout most of the bout, however, Ali was able to circle away from Frazier's dangerous left hook and to tie Frazier up when he was cornered, the latter a tactic that Frazier's camp complained of bitterly. Judges awarded Ali a unanimous decision. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_heavyweight_champion_(second_reign)">World heavyweight champion (second reign)</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle">The Rumble in the Jungle</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle" title="The Rumble in the Jungle">The Rumble in the Jungle</a></div> The defeat of Frazier set the stage for a title fight against heavyweight champion <a href="/wiki/George_Foreman" title="George Foreman">George Foreman</a> in Kinshasa, <a href="/wiki/Zaire" title="Zaire">Zaire</a>, on October 30, 1974—a bout nicknamed <a href="/wiki/The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle" title="The Rumble in the Jungle">The Rumble in the Jungle</a>. Foreman was considered one of the hardest punchers in heavyweight history. In assessing the fight, analysts pointed out that <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton" title="Ken Norton">Ken Norton</a>, who had given Ali four tough battles and won two of them, had both been devastated by Foreman in second-round knockouts. Ali was 32 years old and had lost speed and reflexes since his twenties. Contrary to his later persona, Foreman was at the time a brooding and intimidating presence. Almost no one associated with the sport, not even Ali's long-time supporter Howard Cosell, gave the former champion a chance of winning.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] As usual, Ali was confident and colorful before the fight. He told interviewer <a href="/wiki/David_Frost" title="David Frost">David Frost</a>, "If you think the world was surprised when Nixon resigned, wait till I whup Foreman's behind!"<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> He told the press, "I've done something new for this fight. I done wrestled with an alligator, I done tussled with a whale; handcuffed lightning, thrown thunder in jail; only last week, I murdered a rock, injured a stone, hospitalized a brick; I'm so mean I make medicine sick."<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> Ali was wildly popular in Zaire, with crowds chanting "Ali, bomaye" ("Ali, kill him") wherever he went. Ali opened the fight moving and scoring with right crosses to Foreman's head. Then, beginning in the second round, and to the consternation of his corner, Ali retreated to the ropes and invited Foreman to hit him while covering up, clinching and counterpunching, all while verbally taunting Foreman. The move, which would later become known as the "<a href="/wiki/Rope-a-dope" title="Rope-a-dope">Rope-a-dope</a>", so violated conventional boxing wisdom—letting one of the hardest hitters in boxing strike at will—that at ringside writer <a href="/wiki/George_Plimpton" title="George Plimpton">George Plimpton</a> thought the fight had to be fixed.<a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-25">[25]</a> Foreman, increasingly angered, threw punches that were deflected and did not land squarely. Midway through the fight, as Foreman began tiring, Ali countered more frequently and effectively with punches and flurries, which electrified the pro-Ali crowd. In the eighth round, Ali dropped an exhausted Foreman with a combination at center ring; Foreman failed to make the count. Against the odds, and amidst pandemonium in the ring, Ali had regained the title by knockout. Reflecting on the fight, George Foreman later said: "I thought Ali was just one more knockout victim until, about the seventh round, I hit him hard to the jaw and he held me and whispered in my ear: 'That all you got, George?' I realized that this ain't what I thought it was."<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muhammad_Ali_and_Jimmy_Carter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Muhammad_Ali_and_Jimmy_Carter.jpg/220px-Muhammad_Ali_and_Jimmy_Carter.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Muhammad_Ali_and_Jimmy_Carter.jpg/330px-Muhammad_Ali_and_Jimmy_Carter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Muhammad_Ali_and_Jimmy_Carter.jpg/440px-Muhammad_Ali_and_Jimmy_Carter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2699" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> greets Ali, along with his wife Veronica Porché, at a White House dinner, 1977.</figcaption></figure> It was a major <a href="/wiki/Upset_(competition)" title="Upset (competition)">upset</a> victory,<a href="#cite_note-Herald-104">[104]</a> after Ali came in as a 4–1 <a href="/wiki/Underdog" title="Underdog">underdog</a> against the previously unbeaten, heavy-hitting Foreman.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> The fight became famous for Ali's introduction of the rope-a-dope tactic.<a href="#cite_note-guardian-106">[106]</a> The fight was watched by a record estimated television audience of 1 billion viewers worldwide.<a href="#cite_note-usatoday-107">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-jet-108">[108]</a> It was the world's <a href="/wiki/List_of_most-watched_television_broadcasts" title="List of most-watched television broadcasts">most-watched live television broadcast</a> at the time.<a href="#cite_note-briefly-109">[109]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fights_against_Wepner,_Lyle_and_Bugner">Fights against Wepner, Lyle and Bugner</h4></div> Ali's next opponents included <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Wepner" title="Chuck Wepner">Chuck Wepner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Lyle" title="Ron Lyle">Ron Lyle</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Bugner" title="Joe Bugner">Joe Bugner</a>. Wepner, a journeyman known as "The Bayonne Bleeder", stunned Ali with a knockdown in the ninth round; Ali would later say he tripped on Wepner's foot. The fight inspired <a href="/wiki/Sylvester_Stallone" title="Sylvester Stallone">Sylvester Stallone</a> to create the acclaimed film <a href="/wiki/Rocky" title="Rocky">Rocky</a>.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Third_fight_against_Joe_Frazier">Third fight against Joe Frazier</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Thrilla_in_Manila" title="Thrilla in Manila">Thrilla in Manila</a></div> Ali then agreed to a third match with Joe Frazier in <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a>. The bout, known as the "<a href="/wiki/Thrilla_in_Manila" title="Thrilla in Manila">Thrilla in Manila</a>", was held on October 1, 1975,<a href="#cite_note-greatath-4">[4]</a> in temperatures approaching 100 °F (38 °C). In the first rounds, Ali was aggressive, moving and exchanging blows with Frazier. However, Ali soon appeared to tire and adopted the "rope-a-dope" strategy, frequently resorting to clinches. During this part of the bout Ali did some effective counterpunching, but for the most part absorbed punishment from a relentlessly attacking Frazier. In the 12th round, Frazier began to tire, and Ali scored several sharp blows that closed Frazier's left eye and opened a cut over his right eye. With Frazier's vision now diminished, Ali dominated the 13th and 14th rounds, at times conducting what boxing historian Mike Silver called "target practice" on Frazier's head. The fight was stopped when Frazier's trainer, Eddie Futch, refused to allow Frazier to answer the bell for the 15th and final round, despite Frazier's protests. Frazier's eyes were both swollen shut. Ali, in his corner, winner by TKO, slumped on his stool, spent. An ailing Ali said afterwards that the fight "was the closest thing to dying that I know", and, when later asked if he had viewed the fight on videotape, reportedly said, "Why would I want to go back and see Hell?" After the fight he cited Frazier as "the greatest fighter of all times next to me". After the third fight with Frazier, Ali considered retirement. He said, "I'm sore all over. My arms, my face, my sides all ache. I'm so, so tired. There is a great possibility that I will retire. You might have seen the last of me. I want to sit back and count my money, live in my house and my farm, work for my people and concentrate on my family."<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_career">Later career</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anderson_ali.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Anderson_ali.jpg/220px-Anderson_ali.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Anderson_ali.jpg/330px-Anderson_ali.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Anderson_ali.jpg/440px-Anderson_ali.jpg 2x" data-file-width="627" data-file-height="581" /></a><figcaption>Ali being interviewed by <a href="/wiki/WBAL-TV" title="WBAL-TV">WBAL-TV</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Curt_Anderson" title="Curt Anderson">Curt Anderson</a> in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, 1978</figcaption></figure> On February 2, 1976, Ali defeated <a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Coopman" title="Jean-Pierre Coopman">Jean-Pierre Coopman</a> by 5th round knockout. The WBC Heavyweight title was not on the line for this fight. On April 30, 1976, Ali would fight <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Young_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Young (boxer)">Jimmy Young</a> and win a controversial unanimous decision. Howard Cosell would remark that he had "never seen Ali so off in his timing" and when asked on his performance against Young in the post-fight interview, Ali stated that he was "getting old" and that he was "preserving his energy" for Ken Norton.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> On May 24, 1976, Ali defeated <a href="/wiki/Richard_Dunn_(boxer)" title="Richard Dunn (boxer)">Richard Dunn</a>, winning by 5th round technical knockout. The punch used to knock Dunn out was taught to Ali by <a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a> <a href="/wiki/Grandmaster_(martial_arts)" title="Grandmaster (martial arts)">Grandmaster</a> <a href="/wiki/Jhoon_Rhee" title="Jhoon Rhee">Jhoon Rhee</a>. Rhee called that punch the "Accupunch"; he learned it from <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Lee" title="Bruce Lee">Bruce Lee</a>.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> The Dunn fight was the last time Ali would knock an opponent out in his boxing career. Ali fought <a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton" title="Ken Norton">Ken Norton</a> for the third time in September 1976. The bout, which was held at <a href="/wiki/Yankee_Stadium_(1923)" title="Yankee Stadium (1923)">Yankee Stadium</a>, resulted in Ali winning a controversial decision that ringside commentators had scored in favor of Norton. Afterwards, he announced he was retiring from boxing to practice his faith, having converted to <a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Islam</a> after falling out with the Nation of Islam the previous year.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> After returning to beat <a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Evangelista" title="Alfredo Evangelista">Alfredo Evangelista</a> in May 1977, Ali struggled in his next fight against <a href="/wiki/Earnie_Shavers" title="Earnie Shavers">Earnie Shavers</a> that September, getting pummeled a few times by punches to the head. Ali won the fight by another unanimous decision, but the bout caused his longtime doctor <a href="/wiki/Ferdie_Pacheco" title="Ferdie Pacheco">Ferdie Pacheco</a> to quit after he was rebuffed for telling Ali he should retire. Pacheco was quoted as saying, "the New York State Athletic Commission gave me a report that showed Ali's kidneys were falling apart. I wrote to Angelo Dundee, Ali's trainer, his wife and Ali himself. I got nothing back in response. That's when I decided enough is enough."<a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-25">[25]</a> In February 1978, Ali faced <a href="/wiki/Leon_Spinks" title="Leon Spinks">Leon Spinks</a> at the Hilton Hotel in <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas</a>. At the time, Spinks had only seven professional fights to his credit, and had recently fought a draw with journeyman Scott LeDoux. Ali sparred less than two dozen rounds in preparation for the fight and was seriously out of shape by the opening bell. He lost the title by split decision. A rematch occurred in September at the <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Superdome" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercedes-Benz Superdome">Superdome</a> in New Orleans, Louisiana. 70,000 people attended the bout and paid a total of $6 million admission, making it the largest live gate in boxing history at that time.<a href="#cite_note-Times-Picayune,_New_Orleans,_Peter_Finney's_column_from_1978-115">[115]</a> Ali won a unanimous decision in an uninspiring fight, with referee Lucien Joubert scoring rounds 10–4, judge Ernie Cojoe 10–4, and judge Herman Preis 11–4. This made Ali the first heavyweight champion to win the belt three times.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-RingsideReport.com,_Kevin_Kincade,_2016-117">[117]</a> Following this win, on July 27, 1979, Ali announced his retirement from boxing. His retirement was short-lived, however; Ali announced his comeback to face <a href="/wiki/Larry_Holmes" title="Larry Holmes">Larry Holmes</a> for the WBC belt in an attempt to win the heavyweight championship an unprecedented fourth time. The fight was largely motivated by Ali's need for money. Boxing writer <a href="/wiki/Richie_Giachetti" title="Richie Giachetti">Richie Giachetti</a> said, "Larry didn't want to fight Ali. He knew Ali had nothing left; he knew it would be a horror." It was around this time that Ali started struggling with vocal stutters and trembling hands.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Nevada_Athletic_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Nevada Athletic Commission">Nevada Athletic Commission</a> (NAC) ordered that he undergo a complete physical in Las Vegas before being allowed to fight again. Ali chose instead to check into the <a href="/wiki/Mayo_Clinic" title="Mayo Clinic">Mayo Clinic</a>, who declared him fit to fight. Their opinion was accepted by the NAC on July 31, 1980, paving the way for Ali's return to the ring.<a href="#cite_note-LVSun_50-119">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fight_stoppage_vs._Larry_Holmes">Fight stoppage vs. Larry Holmes</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Larry_Holmes_vs._Muhammad_Ali" title="Larry Holmes vs. Muhammad Ali">Larry Holmes vs. Muhammad Ali</a></div> On October 2, 1980, Ali returned to the ring to fight Holmes at <a href="/wiki/Caesars_Palace" title="Caesars Palace">Caesars Palace</a> in <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas</a>. Holmes, who fought under the nickname "The <a href="/wiki/Easton,_Pennsylvania" title="Easton, Pennsylvania">Easton</a> Assassin", easily dominated Ali. After the tenth round, <a href="/wiki/Angelo_Dundee" title="Angelo Dundee">Angelo Dundee</a> stepped into the ring and instructed the referee to stop the fight. It was the only time Ali ever lost by <a href="/wiki/Technical_knockout" class="mw-redirect" title="Technical knockout">stoppage</a>. Immediately after the fight, Ali was given painkillers and antidepressants, in violation of World Boxing Council rules prohibiting the administration of any drug before the postfight urinalysis.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> Giachetti called the fight "awful...the worst sports event I ever had to cover". Actor <a href="/wiki/Sylvester_Stallone" title="Sylvester Stallone">Sylvester Stallone</a> was ringside for the fight and said that it was like watching an autopsy on a man who is still alive.<a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-25">[25]</a> The Holmes fight is said to have contributed to Ali's <a href="/wiki/Parkinson%27s_syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Parkinson's syndrome">Parkinson's syndrome</a>.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-124">[124]</a> Despite pleas to definitively retire, Ali fought one last time on <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Trevor_Berbick" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Trevor Berbick">December 11, 1981</a>, in Nassau, <a href="/wiki/Bahamas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahamas">Bahamas</a>, against <a href="/wiki/Trevor_Berbick" title="Trevor Berbick">Trevor Berbick</a>, losing a ten-round decision.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exhibition_bouts">Exhibition bouts</h2></div> Ali boxed both well-known boxers and celebrities from other walks of life, including <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Inoki" title="Antonio Inoki">Antonio Inoki</a>,<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Dokes" title="Michael Dokes">Michael Dokes</a>,<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sammy_Davis_Jr." title="Sammy Davis Jr.">Sammy Davis Jr.</a>,<a href="#cite_note-LasVegasSun.com-130">[130]</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Pryor" title="Richard Pryor">Richard Pryor</a>,<a href="#cite_note-LasVegasSun.com-130">[130]</a> <a href="/wiki/Marvin_Gaye" title="Marvin Gaye">Marvin Gaye</a>,<a href="#cite_note-LasVegasSun.com-130">[130]</a> <a href="/wiki/Burt_Young" title="Burt Young">Burt Young</a>,<a href="#cite_note-LasVegasSun.com-130">[130]</a> <a href="/wiki/Lyle_Alzado" title="Lyle Alzado">Lyle Alzado</a>,<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dave_Semenko" title="Dave Semenko">Dave Semenko</a>,<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> and Puerto Rican comedian <a href="/wiki/Jose_Miguel_Agrelot" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose Miguel Agrelot">Jose Miguel Agrelot</a> (with <a href="/wiki/Iris_Chacon" class="mw-redirect" title="Iris Chacon">Iris Chacon</a> acting as Agrelot's corner-woman).<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ali_vs_Inoki">Ali vs Inoki</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Antonio_Inoki" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki">Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muhammad_Ali_Boxing_Robe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Muhammad_Ali_Boxing_Robe.jpg/167px-Muhammad_Ali_Boxing_Robe.jpg" decoding="async" width="167" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Muhammad_Ali_Boxing_Robe.jpg/250px-Muhammad_Ali_Boxing_Robe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Muhammad_Ali_Boxing_Robe.jpg/333px-Muhammad_Ali_Boxing_Robe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1991" data-file-height="2902" /></a><figcaption>Muhammad Ali's boxing robe at Antonio Inoki Exhibition</figcaption></figure> On June 26, 1976, Ali participated in an exhibition bout in Tokyo against Japanese professional wrestler and martial artist <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Inoki" title="Antonio Inoki">Antonio Inoki</a>.<a href="#cite_note-sweetScience-134">[134]</a> Ali was only able to land two jabs while Inoki's kicks caused two blood clots and an infection that almost resulted in Ali's leg being amputated, as a result of Ali's team insisting on rules restricting Inoki's ability to wrestle.<a href="#cite_note-sweetScience-134">[134]</a> Because of this, the fight has been criticized for causing Ali trouble healthwise, mostly in terms of movement, later down the line; Ferdie Pacheco stated "Ali was still feeling the effects of his leg injury, and his mobility was not what it had been".<a href="#cite_note-sweetScience-134">[134]</a> The match was not scripted and ultimately declared a draw.<a href="#cite_note-sweetScience-134">[134]</a> After Ali's death, The New York Times declared it his least memorable fight.<a href="#cite_note-leastMemorable-135">[135]</a> Most boxing commentators at the time viewed the fight negatively and hoped it would be forgotten as some considered it a "15-round farce".<a href="#cite_note-forgottenInfluence-136">[136]</a> Today it is considered by some to be one of Ali's most influential fights and CBS Sports said the attention the mixed-style bout received "foretold the arrival of standardized <a href="/wiki/MMA" class="mw-redirect" title="MMA">MMA</a> years later".<a href="#cite_note-forgottenInfluence-136">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> Ali and Inoki began a friendship after the fight.<a href="#cite_note-NK-138">[138]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ali_vs_Alzado">Ali vs Alzado</h3></div> In 1979, Ali fought an <a href="/wiki/Exhibition_fight" title="Exhibition fight">exhibition match</a> against <a href="/wiki/NFL" class="mw-redirect" title="NFL">NFL</a> player <a href="/wiki/Lyle_Alzado" title="Lyle Alzado">Lyle Alzado</a>. The fight went 8 rounds and was declared a draw.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ali_vs_Semenko">Ali vs Semenko</h3></div> Ali fought <a href="/wiki/NHL" class="mw-redirect" title="NHL">NHL</a> player, <a href="/wiki/Dave_Semenko" title="Dave Semenko">Dave Semenko</a> in an exhibition on June 12, 1983.<a href="#cite_note-ali-140">[140]</a> The match was officially a draw after going three rounds, but the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Press">Canadian Press</a> reported Ali was not seriously trying for most of the bout, instead just toying with Semenko.<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marriages_and_children">Marriages and children</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="float:right; clear:right; width:22em; margin-left:1em; border:1px #aaa solid;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;">Children of Muhammad Ali</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li>With Belinda Boyd <ul><li>Maryum (born 1968)</li> <li>Jamillah (born 1970)</li> <li>Rasheda (born 1970)</li> <li>Muhammad Jr. (born 1972)</li></ul></li> <li>With Patricia Harvell <ul><li>Miya (born 1972)</li></ul></li> <li>With Wanda Bolton <ul><li>Khaliah (born 1974)</li></ul></li> <li>With Veronica Porché <ul><li>Hana (born 1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laila_Ali" title="Laila Ali">Laila</a> (born 1977)</li></ul></li> <li>With Yolanda Williams <ul><li>Asaad (adopted 1986)</li></ul></li></ul></div></div> Ali was married four times and had seven daughters and two sons. Ali was introduced to cocktail waitress Sonji Roi by <a href="/wiki/Jabir_Herbert_Muhammad" title="Jabir Herbert Muhammad">Herbert Muhammad</a>, who was to become Ali's long-time manager, and asked her to marry him after their first date. They married approximately one month later on August 14, 1964.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> They quarreled over Sonji's refusal to join the Nation of Islam.<a href="#cite_note-Ali:_A_Life-2017-143">[143]</a> According to Ali, "She wouldn't do what she was supposed to do. She wore lipstick; she went into bars; she dressed in clothes that were revealing and didn't look right."<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> The marriage was childless and they divorced on January 10, 1966. Just before the divorce was finalized, Ali sent Sonji a note: "You traded heaven for hell, baby."<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> Ali's brother Rahaman said that she was Ali's only true love and the Nation of Islam made Ali divorce her and Ali never got over it.<a href="#cite_note-Ali:_A_Life-2017-143">[143]</a> On August 17, 1967, Ali married <a href="/wiki/Belinda_Boyd" class="mw-redirect" title="Belinda Boyd">Belinda Boyd</a>. In an interview with NBC 6, Boyd recounted meeting Ali when she was 10 years old at her hometown mosque. "He said, 'Listen here little girl. This is my name. Imma be famous. You need to keep that 'cause it's gone be worth a lot of money,'" Boyd said, mimicking Ali. "You'll never be famous with that name. And, I walked away," Boyd said.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> Born into a Chicago family that had converted to the Nation Of Islam, she later changed her name to Khalilah Ali, though she was still called Belinda by old friends and family. They had four children: author and rapper Maryum<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> "May May" (born 1968); twins Jamillah and Rasheda (born 1970); and Muhammad Ali Jr. (born 1972).<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> Rasheda married Robert Walsh and has two sons: Biaggio Ali (born 1998), who is an amateur <a href="/wiki/MMA" class="mw-redirect" title="MMA">MMA</a> fighter, and <a href="/wiki/Nico_Ali_Walsh" title="Nico Ali Walsh">Nico Ali</a> (born 2000), who is a professional boxer.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> Ali was a resident of <a href="/wiki/Cherry_Hill,_New_Jersey" title="Cherry Hill, New Jersey">Cherry Hill, New Jersey</a> in suburban <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> in the early 1970s.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> At age 32 in 1974, Ali began an extramarital relationship with 16-year-old Wanda Bolton (who subsequently changed her name to Aaisha Ali) with whom he fathered another daughter, Khaliah (born June 1974). While still married to Belinda, Ali married Aaisha a year later in an Islamic ceremony that was not legally recognized. According to Khaliah, Aaisha and her mother lived at Ali's Deer Lake training camp alongside Belinda and her children.<a href="#cite_note-khalilah-151">[151]</a> In January 1985, Aaisha sued Ali for unpaid palimony. The case was settled when Ali agreed to set up a $200,000 trust fund for Khaliah.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> In 2001 Khaliah was quoted as saying she believed her father viewed her as "a mistake".<a href="#cite_note-khalilah-151">[151]</a> He had another daughter, Miya (born 1972), from an extramarital relationship with Patricia Harvell.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ali_in_Baltimore_with_Veronica_1977.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ali_in_Baltimore_with_Veronica_1977.jpg/220px-Ali_in_Baltimore_with_Veronica_1977.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ali_in_Baltimore_with_Veronica_1977.jpg/330px-Ali_in_Baltimore_with_Veronica_1977.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ali_in_Baltimore_with_Veronica_1977.jpg/440px-Ali_in_Baltimore_with_Veronica_1977.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3605" data-file-height="2479" /></a><figcaption>Muhammad Ali with wife Veronica Porché at a fundraiser in Baltimore, 1977</figcaption></figure>By the summer of 1977, his second marriage ended due to Ali's repeated infidelity, and he had married actress and model Veronica Porché.<a href="#cite_note-Porché_Ali-154">[154]</a> At the time of their marriage, they had a daughter, Hana, and Veronica was pregnant with their second child. Their second daughter, <a href="/wiki/Laila_Ali" title="Laila Ali">Laila Ali</a>, was born in December 1977, and went on to become a professional boxer.<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> By 1986, Ali and Porché were divorced due to Ali's continuous infidelity. Porché said of Ali's infidelity, "It was too much temptation for him, with women who threw themselves at him. It didn't mean anything. He didn't have affairs – he had one-night stands. I knew beyond a doubt there were no feelings involved. It was so obvious, It was easy to forgive him."<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> On November 19, 1986, Ali married Yolanda "Lonnie" Williams. Lonnie first met Ali at the age of 6 when her family moved to Louisville in 1963.<a href="#cite_note-Crouse-2016-157">[157]</a> In 1982, she became Ali's primary caregiver and in return, he paid for her to attend graduate school at <a href="/wiki/UCLA" class="mw-redirect" title="UCLA">UCLA</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Crouse-2016-157">[157]</a> Together they adopted a son, Asaad Amin (born 1986), when Asaad was five months old.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> In 1992, Lonnie incorporated Greatest of All Time, Inc. (G.O.A.T. Inc) to consolidate and license his <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_properties" class="mw-redirect" title="Intellectual properties">intellectual properties</a> for commercial purposes. She served as the vice president and treasurer until the sale of the company in 2006.<a href="#cite_note-Crouse-2016-157">[157]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muhammad_Ali_and_wife_Lonnie.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Muhammad_Ali_and_wife_Lonnie.jpg/220px-Muhammad_Ali_and_wife_Lonnie.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Muhammad_Ali_and_wife_Lonnie.jpg/330px-Muhammad_Ali_and_wife_Lonnie.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Muhammad_Ali_and_wife_Lonnie.jpg/440px-Muhammad_Ali_and_wife_Lonnie.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1872" data-file-height="1259" /></a><figcaption>Ali with wife Lonnie in Washington, D.C., 2001</figcaption></figure> Ali then lived in <a href="/wiki/Scottsdale,_Arizona" title="Scottsdale, Arizona">Scottsdale, Arizona</a> with Lonnie.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> In January 2007, it was reported that they had put their home in <a href="/wiki/Berrien_Springs,_Michigan" title="Berrien Springs, Michigan">Berrien Springs, Michigan</a>, which they had bought in 1975,<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> up for sale and had purchased a home in eastern <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Kentucky" title="Jefferson County, Kentucky">Jefferson County, Kentucky</a> for $1,875,000.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> Both homes were subsequently sold after Ali's death with Lonnie living in their remaining home in Paradise Valley, Arizona. Lonnie converted to Islam from Catholicism in her late twenties.<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> Ali's daughter Laila was a professional boxer from 1999 until 2007,<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> despite her father's previous opposition to women's boxing. In 1978, he said "Women are not made to be hit in the breast, and face like that."<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> Ali still attended a number of his daughter's fights. <a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> Ali's daughter Hana is married to <a href="/wiki/Bellator_MMA" title="Bellator MMA">Bellator</a> <a href="/wiki/Middleweight_(MMA)" title="Middleweight (MMA)">middleweight</a> fighter <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Casey_(fighter)" title="Kevin Casey (fighter)">Kevin Casey</a>. Hana wrote about her father, "His love for people was extraordinary. I would get home from school to find homeless families sleeping in our guest room. He'd see them on the street, pile them into his Rolls-Royce and bring them home. He'd buy them clothes, take them to hotels and pay the bills for months in advance." She also said celebrities like <a href="/wiki/Michael_Jackson" title="Michael Jackson">Michael Jackson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> would often visit Ali.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Paternity_claims">Paternity claims</h4></div> Kiiursti Mensah-Ali claims she is Ali's biological daughter with Barbara Mensah, with whom he allegedly had a 20-year relationship,<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> citing photographs and a paternity test conducted in 1988. She said he accepted responsibility and took care of her, but all contacts with him were cut off after he married his fourth wife Lonnie. Kiiursti says she has a relationship with his other children. After his death she again made passionate appeals to be allowed to mourn at his funeral.<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> In 2010, Osmon Williams came forward claiming to be Ali's biological son.<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> His mother Temica Williams (also known as Rebecca Holloway) launched a $3 million lawsuit against Ali in 1981 for sexual assault, claiming that she had started a sexual relationship with him when she was 12, and that her son Osmon (born 1977) was fathered by Ali when she was 17.<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> She further alleged that Ali had originally supported her and her son financially, but stopped doing so after four years. The case went on until 1986 and was eventually thrown out as her allegations were deemed to be barred by the <a href="/wiki/Statute_of_limitations" title="Statute of limitations">statute of limitations</a>.<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> According to Veronica, Ali admitted to the affair with Williams, but did not believe Osmon was his son which Veronica supported by saying "Everybody in the camp was going with that girl."<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a> Ali's biographer and friend <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hauser" title="Thomas Hauser">Thomas Hauser</a> has said this claim was of "questionable veracity".<a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion_and_beliefs">Religion and beliefs</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Religious_views_of_Muhammad_Ali" title="Religious views of Muhammad Ali">Religious views of Muhammad Ali</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Affiliation_with_the_Nation_of_Islam">Affiliation with the Nation of Islam</h4></div> Ali said that he first heard of the <a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Islam" title="Nation of Islam">Nation of Islam</a> when he was fighting in the Golden Gloves tournament in Chicago in 1959 and attended his first Nation of Islam meeting in 1961. He continued to attend meetings, although keeping his involvement hidden from the public. In 1962, Clay met <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_X" title="Malcolm X">Malcolm X</a>, who soon became his spiritual and political mentor.<a href="#cite_note-Guardian_Mitchell-181">[181]</a> By the time of the first Liston fight, Nation of Islam members, including Malcolm X, were visible in his entourage. This led to a story in <a href="/wiki/The_Miami_Herald" class="mw-redirect" title="The Miami Herald">The Miami Herald</a> just before the fight disclosing that Clay had joined the Nation of Islam, which nearly caused the bout to be canceled. The article quoted Cassius Clay Sr. as saying that his son had joined the <a href="/wiki/African-American_Muslims" title="African-American Muslims">Black Muslims</a> when he was 18.<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Elijah_Muhammad_and_Cassius_Clay_NYWTS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Elijah_Muhammad_and_Cassius_Clay_NYWTS.jpg/220px-Elijah_Muhammad_and_Cassius_Clay_NYWTS.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Elijah_Muhammad_and_Cassius_Clay_NYWTS.jpg/330px-Elijah_Muhammad_and_Cassius_Clay_NYWTS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Elijah_Muhammad_and_Cassius_Clay_NYWTS.jpg/440px-Elijah_Muhammad_and_Cassius_Clay_NYWTS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2409" /></a><figcaption>Ali (seen in background) at an address by <a href="/wiki/Elijah_Muhammad" title="Elijah Muhammad">Elijah Muhammad</a> in 1964</figcaption></figure> In fact, Clay was initially refused entry to the Nation of Islam (often called the Black <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslims</a> at the time) due to his boxing career. However, after he won the championship from Liston in 1964, the Nation of Islam was more receptive and agreed to publicize his membership.<a href="#cite_note-Guardian_Mitchell-181">[181]</a> Shortly afterwards on March 6, Elijah Muhammad gave a radio address that Clay would be renamed <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> (one who is worthy of praise) <a href="/wiki/Ali_(name)" title="Ali (name)">Ali</a> (most high).<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a> Around that time Ali moved to the south side of Chicago and lived in a series of houses, always near the Nation of Islam's <a href="/wiki/Mosque_Maryam" title="Mosque Maryam">Mosque Maryam</a> or Elijah Muhammad's residence. He stayed in Chicago for about 12 years.<a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> Only a few journalists, most notably Howard Cosell, accepted the new name at that time. Ali stated that his earlier name was a "<a href="/wiki/Slave_name" title="Slave name">slave name</a>" and a "white man's name" and added that "I didn't choose it and I don't want it. I am Muhammad Ali, a free name".<a href="#cite_note-Name_origin-185">[185]</a> The person he was formerly named after was <a href="/wiki/Cassius_Marcellus_Clay_(politician)" title="Cassius Marcellus Clay (politician)">a white slave owner turned abolitionist</a>.<a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> Ali explained in his autobiography after studying his works, "he may have gotten rid of his slaves, but (he) held on to white supremacy."<a href="#cite_note-Heritage-187">[187]</a> Ali concluded: "Why should I keep my white slavemaster's name visible and my black ancestors invisible, unknown, unhonored?"<a href="#cite_note-Name_origin-185">[185]</a> Not afraid to antagonize the white establishment, Ali stated, "I am America. I am the part you won't recognize. But get used to me. Black, confident, cocky; my name, not yours; my religion, not yours; my goals, my own; get used to me."<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a> Ali's friendship with Malcolm X ended as Malcolm split with the Nation of Islam a couple of weeks after Ali joined, and Ali remained with the Nation of Islam.<a href="#cite_note-Times64-03-09-189">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-National_Review_Feb_2016-190">[190]</a> Ali later said that turning his back on Malcolm was one of the mistakes he regretted most in his life.<a href="#cite_note-Soul_of_a_Butterfly-191">[191]</a> Aligning himself with the Nation of Islam, its leader <a href="/wiki/Elijah_Muhammad" title="Elijah Muhammad">Elijah Muhammad</a>, and a narrative that labeled the white race as the perpetrator of genocide against African Americans made Ali a target of public condemnation. The Nation of Islam was widely viewed by whites and some African Americans as a black separatist "hate religion" with a propensity toward violence; Ali had few qualms about using his influential voice to speak Nation of Islam doctrine.<a href="#cite_note-thegrio.com-192">[192]</a> In a press conference articulating his opposition to the Vietnam War, Ali stated, "My enemy is the white people, not Vietcong or Chinese or Japanese."<a href="#cite_note-tribune-50">[50]</a> In relation to integration, he said: "We who follow the teachings of Elijah Muhammad don't want to be forced to integrate. Integration is wrong. We don't want to live with the white man; that's all."<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a><a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS">better source needed</a>] Writer <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Izenberg" title="Jerry Izenberg">Jerry Izenberg</a> once noted that, "the Nation became Ali's family and Elijah Muhammad became his father. But there is an irony to the fact that while the Nation branded white people as devils, Ali had more white colleagues than most African American people did at that time in America, and continued to have them throughout his career."<a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-25">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Conversion_to_Sunni_Islam">Conversion to Sunni Islam</h4></div> In Hauser's biography Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times, Ali stated that he was not a Christian as he thought the idea of God having a son sounded wrong and did not make sense to him, stating, "God don't beget; man begets". However, he still believed that even good Christians or good Jews could receive God's blessing and enter heaven as he stated, "God created all people, no matter what their religion". He also stated, "If you're against someone because he's a Muslim that's wrong. If you're against someone because he's a Christian or a Jew, that's wrong".<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WORLD_HEAVYWEIGHT_BOXING_CHAMPION_MUHAMMAD_ALI,_A_BLACK_MUSLIM,_ATTENDS_THE_SECT%27S_SERVICE_TO_HEAR_ELIJAH_MUHAMMAD..._-_NARA_-_556247.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/WORLD_HEAVYWEIGHT_BOXING_CHAMPION_MUHAMMAD_ALI%2C_A_BLACK_MUSLIM%2C_ATTENDS_THE_SECT%27S_SERVICE_TO_HEAR_ELIJAH_MUHAMMAD..._-_NARA_-_556247.jpg/220px-WORLD_HEAVYWEIGHT_BOXING_CHAMPION_MUHAMMAD_ALI%2C_A_BLACK_MUSLIM%2C_ATTENDS_THE_SECT%27S_SERVICE_TO_HEAR_ELIJAH_MUHAMMAD..._-_NARA_-_556247.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/WORLD_HEAVYWEIGHT_BOXING_CHAMPION_MUHAMMAD_ALI%2C_A_BLACK_MUSLIM%2C_ATTENDS_THE_SECT%27S_SERVICE_TO_HEAR_ELIJAH_MUHAMMAD..._-_NARA_-_556247.jpg/330px-WORLD_HEAVYWEIGHT_BOXING_CHAMPION_MUHAMMAD_ALI%2C_A_BLACK_MUSLIM%2C_ATTENDS_THE_SECT%27S_SERVICE_TO_HEAR_ELIJAH_MUHAMMAD..._-_NARA_-_556247.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/WORLD_HEAVYWEIGHT_BOXING_CHAMPION_MUHAMMAD_ALI%2C_A_BLACK_MUSLIM%2C_ATTENDS_THE_SECT%27S_SERVICE_TO_HEAR_ELIJAH_MUHAMMAD..._-_NARA_-_556247.jpg/440px-WORLD_HEAVYWEIGHT_BOXING_CHAMPION_MUHAMMAD_ALI%2C_A_BLACK_MUSLIM%2C_ATTENDS_THE_SECT%27S_SERVICE_TO_HEAR_ELIJAH_MUHAMMAD..._-_NARA_-_556247.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2036" /></a><figcaption>Ali attending a <a href="/wiki/Saviours%27_Day" title="Saviours' Day">Saviours' Day</a> celebration in 1974</figcaption></figure> In a 2004 autobiography, Ali attributed his conversion to mainstream <a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Islam</a> to <a href="/wiki/Warith_Deen_Muhammad" class="mw-redirect" title="Warith Deen Muhammad">Warith Deen Muhammad</a>, who assumed leadership of the Nation of Islam upon the death of his father Elijah Muhammad and persuaded the Nation's followers to become adherents of Sunni Islam. He said some people did not like the change and stuck to Elijah's teachings, but he admired it, and so left Elijah's teachings and became a follower of Sunni Islam.<a href="#cite_note-Soul_of_a_Butterfly_85-196">[196]</a> Ali had gone on the <a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a> pilgrimage to <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> in 1972, which inspired him in a similar manner to Malcolm X, meeting people of different colors from all over the world giving him a different outlook and greater <a href="/wiki/Spirituality" title="Spirituality">spiritual</a> awareness.<a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a> In 1977, he said that, after he retired, he would dedicate the rest of his life to getting "ready to meet God" by helping people, charitable causes, uniting people and helping to make peace.<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a> He went on another Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca in 1988.<a href="#cite_note-timesofindia-199">[199]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a> in 2001, he stated that "Islam is a <a href="/wiki/Religion_of_peace" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion of peace">religion of peace</a>" and "does not promote <a href="/wiki/Terrorism" title="Terrorism">terrorism</a> or killing people", and that he was "angry that the world sees a certain group of Islam followers who caused this destruction, but they are not real Muslims. They are <a href="/wiki/Extremism" title="Extremism">racist fanatics</a> who call themselves Muslims." In December 2015, after the <a href="/wiki/November_2015_Paris_attacks" title="November 2015 Paris attacks">November 2015 Paris attacks</a>, he stated that "True Muslims know that the ruthless violence of so-called Islamic <a href="/wiki/Jihadists" class="mw-redirect" title="Jihadists">jihadists</a> goes against the very tenets of our religion", that "We as Muslims have to stand up to those who use Islam to advance their own personal agenda", and that "political leaders should use their position to bring understanding about the religion of Islam, and clarify that these misguided murderers have perverted people's views on what Islam really is."<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> He also developed an interest in <a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufism</a>, which he referenced in his autobiography, <a href="/wiki/The_Soul_of_a_Butterfly" title="The Soul of a Butterfly">The Soul of a Butterfly</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Soul_of_a_Butterfly-191">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-CNN_Lane_2016-201">[201]</a><a href="#cite_note-Telegraph_March_2016-202">[202]</a> According to Ali's daughter, Hana Yasmeen Ali, who co-authored The Soul of a Butterfly with him, Ali was attracted to Sufism after reading the books of <a href="/wiki/Inayat_Khan" title="Inayat Khan">Inayat Khan</a>, which contain Sufi teachings.<a href="#cite_note-On_Being_June_2016-203">[203]</a><a href="#cite_note-Beliefnet_Hana_Yasmeen_Ali_interview-204">[204]</a> Muhammad Ali received guidance from Islamic scholars such as <a href="/wiki/Grand_Mufti_of_Syria" title="Grand Mufti of Syria">Grand Mufti of Syria</a> Al Marhum Al Sheikh <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Kuftaro" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmed Kuftaro">Ahmed Kuftaro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hisham_Kabbani" title="Hisham Kabbani">Hisham Kabbani</a>, Imam <a href="/wiki/Zaid_Shakir" title="Zaid Shakir">Zaid Shakir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hamza_Yusuf" title="Hamza Yusuf">Hamza Yusuf</a>, and Timothy J. Gianotti, who planned his funeral.<a href="#cite_note-Timothy_Gianotti_-_The_Imam_whose_on_Muhammad_Ali's_last_days_and_funeral-205">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-Prof._Gianotti_plans_Muhammad_Ali's_funeral_and_memorial_service-206">[206]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health">Health</h3></div> During his amateur career, Ali refrained from smoking, drugs, and drinking alcohol and soda pop, and adopted an idiosyncratic diet.<a href="#cite_note-207">[207]</a> Upon his acceptance of the dietary restrictions of Islam, the Nation of Islam recruited cooks to prepare his meals.<a href="#cite_note-208">[208]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Entertainment_career">Entertainment career</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_in_media_and_popular_culture" title="Muhammad Ali in media and popular culture">Muhammad Ali in media and popular culture</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Champ_and_The_Clown.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/The_Champ_and_The_Clown.jpg/220px-The_Champ_and_The_Clown.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/The_Champ_and_The_Clown.jpg/330px-The_Champ_and_The_Clown.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/The_Champ_and_The_Clown.jpg/440px-The_Champ_and_The_Clown.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2765" data-file-height="3091" /></a><figcaption>Ali with clowns Charlie Frye and <a href="/wiki/Skeeter_Reece" title="Skeeter Reece">Skeeter Reece</a> in 1980</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Acting">Acting</h3></div> Ali had a cameo role in the 1962 film version of <a href="/wiki/Requiem_for_a_Heavyweight" title="Requiem for a Heavyweight">Requiem for a Heavyweight</a>, and during his exile from boxing, he starred in the short-lived 1969 Broadway musical, Buck White.<a href="#cite_note-209">[209]</a><a href="#cite_note-210">[210]</a> He also appeared in the documentary film <a href="/wiki/Black_Rodeo" title="Black Rodeo">Black Rodeo</a> (1972) riding both a horse and a bull.<a href="#cite_note-211">[211]</a> His autobiography <a href="/wiki/The_Greatest:_My_Own_Story" title="The Greatest: My Own Story">The Greatest: My Own Story</a>, written with <a href="/wiki/Richard_Durham" title="Richard Durham">Richard Durham</a>, was published in 1975.<a href="#cite_note-cp-212">[212]</a> In 1977 the book was adapted into a film called <a href="/wiki/The_Greatest_(1977_film)" title="The Greatest (1977 film)">The Greatest</a>, in which Ali played himself and <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Borgnine" title="Ernest Borgnine">Ernest Borgnine</a> played <a href="/wiki/Angelo_Dundee" title="Angelo Dundee">Angelo Dundee</a>. The film <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Road" title="Freedom Road">Freedom Road</a>, made in 1978, features Ali in a rare acting role as Gideon Jackson, a former slave and Union (American Civil War) soldier in 1870s Virginia, who gets elected to the U.S. Senate and battles alongside former slaves and white sharecroppers to keep the land they have tended all their lives.<a href="#cite_note-213">[213]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spoken_word_poetry">Spoken word poetry</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> Float like a butterfly, sting like a bee. His hands can't hit what his eyes can't see. Now you see me, now you don't. George thinks he will, but I know he won't. </div><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Muhammad Ali<a href="#cite_note-214">[214]</a></cite></div></blockquote> In 1963, Ali released an album of <a href="/wiki/Spoken_word" title="Spoken word">spoken word</a> music on Columbia Records titled, <a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Greatest_(Cassius_Clay_album)" title="I Am the Greatest (Cassius Clay album)">I Am the Greatest</a>, and in 1964, he recorded a <a href="/wiki/Cover_version" title="Cover version">cover version</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues" title="Rhythm and blues">rhythm and blues</a> song "<a href="/wiki/Stand_by_Me_(Ben_E._King_song)" title="Stand by Me (Ben E. King song)">Stand by Me</a>".<a href="#cite_note-215">[215]</a><a href="#cite_note-216">[216]</a> I Am the Greatest sold 500,000 copies, and has been identified as an early example of <a href="/wiki/Rap_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Rap music">rap music</a> and a precursor to <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop">hip hop</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tinsley-217">[217]</a><a href="#cite_note-rollingstone-218">[218]</a><a href="#cite_note-nytimes2-219">[219]</a><a href="#cite_note-rollingstone1-220">[220]</a><a href="#cite_note-rollingstone2-221">[221]</a> It reached number 61 on the album chart and was nominated for the <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Comedy_Album" title="Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album">Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album</a> at the <a href="/wiki/6th_Annual_Grammy_Awards" title="6th Annual Grammy Awards">6th Annual Grammy Awards</a> in 1964.<a href="#cite_note-222">[222]</a><a href="#cite_note-rollingstone2-221">[221]</a> He later received a second Grammy nomination, for "Best Recording for Children", with his 1976 spoken word novelty record, <a href="/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Ali_and_His_Gang_vs._Mr._Tooth_Decay" title="The Adventures of Ali and His Gang vs. Mr. Tooth Decay">The Adventures of Ali and His Gang vs. Mr. Tooth Decay</a>.<a href="#cite_note-rollingstone2-221">[221]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Professional_wrestling">Professional wrestling</h3></div> Ali was involved with <a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling" title="Professional wrestling">professional wrestling</a> at different times in his career. On June 1, 1976, as Ali was preparing for his bout with Inoki, he attended a match featuring <a href="/wiki/Gorilla_Monsoon" title="Gorilla Monsoon">Gorilla Monsoon</a>. After the match was over, Ali removed his shirt and jacket and confronted <a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestler" class="mw-redirect" title="Professional wrestler">professional wrestler</a> <a href="/wiki/Gorilla_Monsoon" title="Gorilla Monsoon">Gorilla Monsoon</a> in the ring after his match at a <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Wrestling_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="World Wide Wrestling Federation">World Wide Wrestling Federation</a> show in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Arena" title="Philadelphia Arena">Philadelphia Arena</a>. After dodging a few punches, Monsoon put Ali in an <a href="/wiki/Airplane_spin" class="mw-redirect" title="Airplane spin">airplane spin</a> and dumped him to the mat. Ali stumbled to the corner, where his associate <a href="/wiki/Butch_Lewis" title="Butch Lewis">Butch Lewis</a> convinced him to walk away.<a href="#cite_note-223">[223]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pat_Patterson_and_Muhammad_Ali_Wrestlemania.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Pat_Patterson_and_Muhammad_Ali_Wrestlemania.png/220px-Pat_Patterson_and_Muhammad_Ali_Wrestlemania.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Pat_Patterson_and_Muhammad_Ali_Wrestlemania.png/330px-Pat_Patterson_and_Muhammad_Ali_Wrestlemania.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Pat_Patterson_and_Muhammad_Ali_Wrestlemania.png/440px-Pat_Patterson_and_Muhammad_Ali_Wrestlemania.png 2x" data-file-width="830" data-file-height="642" /></a><figcaption>Ali (right) as a special guest referee along with <a href="/wiki/Pat_Patterson" title="Pat Patterson">Pat Patterson</a> (middle) at <a href="/wiki/WrestleMania_I" title="WrestleMania I">WrestleMania I</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Liberace" title="Liberace">Liberace</a> (left) as timekeeper</figcaption></figure> On March 31, 1985, Ali was the special guest referee for the main event of the <a href="/wiki/WrestleMania_I" title="WrestleMania I">inaugural WrestleMania</a> event.<a href="#cite_note-224">[224]</a> In 1995, Ali led a group of Japanese and American professional wrestlers, including his 1976 opponent Antonio Inoki and <a href="/wiki/Ric_Flair" title="Ric Flair">Ric Flair</a>, on a sports diplomacy mission to <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a>. Ali was guest of honor at the record-breaking <a href="/wiki/Collision_in_Korea" title="Collision in Korea">Collision in Korea</a>, a wrestling event with the largest attendance of all time.<a href="#cite_note-NK-138">[138]</a> Ali was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame" title="WWE Hall of Fame">WWE Hall of Fame</a> by <a href="/wiki/The_Undertaker" title="The Undertaker">The Undertaker</a> at the <a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2024)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2024)">2024 ceremony</a>.<a href="#cite_note-225">[225]</a><a href="#cite_note-226">[226]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television_appearances">Television appearances</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali#Television_viewership" title="Boxing career of Muhammad Ali">Boxing career of Muhammad Ali § Television viewership</a></div> Muhammad Ali's fights were some of the world's <a href="/wiki/List_of_most-watched_television_broadcasts" title="List of most-watched television broadcasts">most-watched television broadcasts</a>, setting television viewership records. His most-watched fights drew an estimated 1–2 billion viewers worldwide between 1974 and 1980, and were the world's most-watched live television broadcasts at the time.<a href="#cite_note-briefly-109">[109]</a> Outside of fights, he made many other television appearances. The following table lists known viewership figures of his non-fight television appearances. For television viewership figures of his fights, see <a href="/wiki/Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali#Television_viewership" title="Boxing career of Muhammad Ali">Boxing career of Muhammad Ali: Television viewership</a>. <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Date</th> <th>Broadcast</th> <th>Region(s)</th> <th>Viewers</th> <th>Source </th></tr> <tr> <td>October 17, 1971 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Parkinson_(TV_series)" title="Parkinson (TV series)">Parkinson</a> (series 1, episode 14) </td> <td>United Kingdom </td> <td>12,000,000 </td> <td>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td></tr> <tr> <td>January 25, 1974 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Parkinson_(TV_series)" title="Parkinson (TV series)">Parkinson</a> (series 3, episode 18) </td> <td>United Kingdom </td> <td>12,000,000 </td> <td>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td></tr> <tr> <td>December 7, 1974 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Parkinson_(TV_series)" title="Parkinson (TV series)">Parkinson</a> </td> <td>United Kingdom </td> <td>12,000,000 </td> <td>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td></tr> <tr> <td>March 28, 1977 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/49th_Academy_Awards" title="49th Academy Awards">49th Academy Awards</a> </td> <td>United States </td> <td>39,719,000 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-227">[227]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>December 25, 1978 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/This_Is_Your_Life_(American_franchise)" title="This Is Your Life (American franchise)">This Is Your Life</a> ("Muhammad Ali") </td> <td>United States </td> <td>60,000,000 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-228">[228]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 24, 1979 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Diff%27rent_Strokes" title="Diff'rent Strokes">Diff'rent Strokes</a> ("<a href="/wiki/List_of_Diff%27rent_Strokes_episodes" title="List of Diff'rent Strokes episodes">Arnold's Hero</a>") </td> <td>United States </td> <td>41,000,000 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-229">[229]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>January 17, 1981 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Parkinson_(TV_series)" title="Parkinson (TV series)">Parkinson</a> (series 10, episode 32) </td> <td>United Kingdom </td> <td>12,000,000 </td> <td>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">July 19, 1996 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/1996_Summer_Olympics_opening_ceremony" title="1996 Summer Olympics opening ceremony">Atlanta 1996 Summer Olympics opening ceremony</a> </td> <td>Worldwide </td> <td>3,500,000,000 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Hajeski-230">[230]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>United States </td> <td>209,000,000 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-231">[231]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 21, 2001 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/America:_A_Tribute_to_Heroes" title="America: A Tribute to Heroes">America: A Tribute to Heroes</a> </td> <td>United States </td> <td>60,000,000 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-232">[232]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>January 4, 2007 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Parkinson" title="Michael Parkinson">Michael Parkinson's Greatest Entertainers</a> </td> <td>United Kingdom </td> <td>3,630,000 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-233">[233]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 9, 2016 </td> <td><a href="#Memorial">Muhammad Ali memorial service</a> </td> <td>Worldwide </td> <td>1,000,000,000 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-alicenter-234">[234]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th> </th> <th>Total viewership </th> <th>Worldwide </th> <th>4,692,349,000 </th> <th> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art">Art</h3></div> Ali was also an amateur artist and made dozens of drawings and paintings in the 1970s. In 1977, Rodney Hilton Brown, who owned an art gallery in NYC, asked Ali if he was interested in painting. Ali took him up on the offer and produced several paintings for him to sell. Brown is the author of "Muhammad Ali: The Untold Story: Painter, Poet and Prophet".<a href="#cite_note-235">[235]</a> In October 2021, 26 of his drawings and arts were placed on auction and sold for close to US$1 Million.<a href="#cite_note-236">[236]</a><a href="#cite_note-237">[237]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life">Later life</h2></div> By the end of his boxing career Ali had absorbed an estimated 200,000 hits.<a href="#cite_note-veconomist-238">[238]</a> In 1984, Ali was diagnosed with <a href="/wiki/Parkinson%27s_syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Parkinson's syndrome">Parkinson's syndrome</a>, which sometimes results from head trauma from violent physical activities such as boxing.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-239">[239]</a><a href="#cite_note-240">[240]</a> Ali still remained active during this time, later participating as a guest referee at <a href="/wiki/WrestleMania_I" title="WrestleMania I">WrestleMania I</a>.<a href="#cite_note-241">[241]</a><a href="#cite_note-242">[242]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Philanthropy,_humanitarianism_and_politics">Philanthropy, humanitarianism and politics</h3></div> Ali was known for being a humanitarian<a href="#cite_note-sky-243">[243]</a> and philanthropist.<a href="#cite_note-244">[244]</a> He focused on practicing his <a href="/wiki/Zakat" title="Zakat">Islamic duty of charity</a> and good deeds, donating millions to charity organizations and disadvantaged people of all religious backgrounds. It is estimated that Ali helped to feed more than 22 million people afflicted by hunger across the world.<a href="#cite_note-Christopher-245">[245]</a> Early in his career, one of his main focuses was youth education. He spoke at several <a href="/wiki/Historically_black_colleges_and_universities" title="Historically black colleges and universities">historically black colleges and universities</a> about the importance of education and became the largest single black donor to the <a href="/wiki/United_Negro_College_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="United Negro College Fund">United Negro College Fund</a> in 1967 by way of a $10,000 donation ($78,000 in 2020 USD). In late 1966, he also pledged to donate a total of $100,000 to the UNCF (specifically promising to donate much of the proceeds of his title defense against Cleveland Williams) and paid $4,500 per closed circuit installation at six HBCUs so they could watch his fights.<a href="#cite_note-Ezra82-76">[76]</a> Ali began visiting Africa, starting in 1964 when he visited Nigeria and <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a>.<a href="#cite_note-246">[246]</a> In 1974, he visited a <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_refugee" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian refugee">Palestinian refugee</a> camp in <a href="/wiki/Southern_Lebanon" title="Southern Lebanon">Southern Lebanon</a>, where Ali declared "support for the Palestinian struggle to liberate their homeland".<a href="#cite_note-thenation-247">[247]</a> During that visit Ali also declared that the "United States is the stronghold of Zionism and imperialism."<a href="#cite_note-248">[248]</a> In 1978, following his loss to Spinks and before winning the rematch, Ali visited <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> and received <a href="/wiki/Honorary_citizenship" title="Honorary citizenship">honorary citizenship</a> there.<a href="#cite_note-thenewinquiry.com2-249">[249]</a><a href="#cite_note-250">[250]</a><a href="#cite_note-thenewinquiry.com-251">[251]</a> The same year, he participated in <a href="/wiki/The_Longest_Walk" class="mw-redirect" title="The Longest Walk">The Longest Walk</a>, a protest march in the United States in support of Native American rights, along with singer <a href="/wiki/Stevie_Wonder" title="Stevie Wonder">Stevie Wonder</a> and actor <a href="/wiki/Marlon_Brando" title="Marlon Brando">Marlon Brando</a>.<a href="#cite_note-252">[252]</a> In early 1980, Ali was recruited by President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> for a diplomatic mission to Africa, in an effort to persuade a number of African governments to join the US-led <a href="/wiki/1980_Summer_Olympics_boycott" title="1980 Summer Olympics boycott">boycott</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscow Olympics">Moscow Olympics</a> in protest of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Afghan_War" title="Soviet–Afghan War">Soviet invasion of Afghanistan</a>. Having arrived in <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a>, Ali told cameras, "<a href="/wiki/Soviet_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet Russia">Russia</a> is invading a Muslim country, Asiatic country," and that its probable intention to head to <a href="/wiki/Oil" title="Oil">oil</a>-rich <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a> to take wells and ports "could lead to <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear war">nuclear war</a>. My purpose in coming here was to try to stop that."<a href="#cite_note-253">[253]</a> However, according to Ali biographer Thomas Hauser, "at best, it was ill-conceived; at worst, a diplomatic disaster." The Tanzanian government was insulted that Carter had sent an athlete to discuss a serious political issue. One official asked whether the United States would "send <a href="/wiki/Chris_Evert" title="Chris Evert">Chris Evert</a> to negotiate with London". Consequently, Ali was only received by the youth and culture minister, rather than President <a href="/wiki/Julius_Nyerere" title="Julius Nyerere">Julius Nyerere</a>. Ali was unable to explain why the African countries should join the US boycott when it had failed to support the African boycott of the <a href="/wiki/1976_Summer_Olympics" title="1976 Summer Olympics">1976 Olympics</a> (in protest of <a href="/wiki/Apartheid_in_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Apartheid in South Africa">Apartheid in South Africa</a>), although neither did the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, and was unaware of the sentiment that the Soviet Union had backed some popular revolutions on the continent, although none of the countries on the itinerary were Soviet allies.<a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004_p397-254">[254]</a><a href="#cite_note-255">[255]</a> The Nigerian government also rebuffed him and confirmed that they would be participating in the Moscow Games. Ali did, however, convince the government of <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a> to boycott the Soviet Olympics.<a href="#cite_note-256">[256]</a> On January 19, 1981, in Los Angeles, Ali talked a <a href="/wiki/Suicidal" class="mw-redirect" title="Suicidal">suicidal</a> man down from jumping off a ninth-floor ledge, an event that made national news.<a href="#cite_note-257">[257]</a><a href="#cite_note-258">[258]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MuhammadAliundRonaldReagan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/MuhammadAliundRonaldReagan.jpg/220px-MuhammadAliundRonaldReagan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/MuhammadAliundRonaldReagan.jpg/330px-MuhammadAliundRonaldReagan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/MuhammadAliundRonaldReagan.jpg/440px-MuhammadAliundRonaldReagan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="564" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> with Ali in the <a href="/wiki/Oval_Office" title="Oval Office">Oval Office</a> in 1983</figcaption></figure> In 1984, Ali announced his support for <a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_election" title="1984 United States presidential election">the re-election</a> of United States President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>. When asked to elaborate on his endorsement of Reagan, Ali told reporters, "He's keeping God in schools and that's enough."<a href="#cite_note-NYT-259">[259]</a> In 1985, he visited Israel to request the release of Muslim prisoners at <a href="/wiki/Atlit_detainee_camp" title="Atlit detainee camp">Atlit detainee camp</a>, which Israel declined.<a href="#cite_note-260">[260]</a> Around 1987, the California Bicentennial Foundation for the U.S. Constitution selected Ali to personify the vitality of the U.S. Constitution and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights" title="United States Bill of Rights">Bill of Rights</a>. Ali rode on a float at the following year's <a href="/wiki/Tournament_of_Roses_Parade" class="mw-redirect" title="Tournament of Roses Parade">Tournament of Roses Parade</a>, launching the U.S. Constitution's 200th birthday commemoration.<a href="#cite_note-Liberty-261">[261]</a> In 1988, during the <a href="/wiki/First_Intifada" title="First Intifada">First Intifada</a>, Ali participated in a Chicago rally in support of <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_territories" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian territories">Palestine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-thenation-247">[247]</a> The same year, he visited <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> to raise awareness about the plight of <a href="/wiki/Famine" title="Famine">famine</a> victims.<a href="#cite_note-262">[262]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a>, Ali supported <a href="/wiki/Orrin_Hatch" title="Orrin Hatch">Orrin Hatch</a> politically.<a href="#cite_note-263">[263]</a> In 1989, he participated in an Indian charity event with the <a href="/wiki/Muslim_Educational_Society" title="Muslim Educational Society">Muslim Educational Society</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kozhikode" title="Kozhikode">Kozhikode</a>, Kerala, along with <a href="/wiki/Bollywood" class="mw-redirect" title="Bollywood">Bollywood</a> actor <a href="/wiki/Dilip_Kumar" title="Dilip Kumar">Dilip Kumar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-timesofindia-199">[199]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muhammad_Ali_1997.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Muhammad_Ali_1997.jpg/170px-Muhammad_Ali_1997.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="237" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Muhammad_Ali_1997.jpg/255px-Muhammad_Ali_1997.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Muhammad_Ali_1997.jpg/340px-Muhammad_Ali_1997.jpg 2x" data-file-width="412" data-file-height="575" /></a><figcaption>Ali in 1997</figcaption></figure> In 1990, Ali traveled to Iraq prior to the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a> and met with president <a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a> in an attempt to negotiate the release of American hostages. Ali secured the release of the hostages, in exchange for promising Hussein that he would bring America "an honest account" of Iraq. Despite arranging the hostages' release, he received criticism from president <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Joseph_C._Wilson" title="Joseph C. Wilson">Joseph C. Wilson</a>, the highest-ranking American diplomat in Baghdad.<a href="#cite_note-264">[264]</a><a href="#cite_note-265">[265]</a> In 1994, Ali campaigned to the United States government to come to the aid of refugees afflicted by the <a href="/wiki/Rwandan_genocide" title="Rwandan genocide">Rwandan genocide</a>, and to donate to organizations helping Rwandan refugees.<a href="#cite_note-Christopher-245">[245]</a> In 1996, he lit the flame at the <a href="/wiki/1996_Summer_Olympics" title="1996 Summer Olympics">1996 Summer Olympics</a> in Atlanta, Georgia. It was watched by an estimated 3.5 billion viewers worldwide.<a href="#cite_note-Hajeski-230">[230]</a> After Ali met a lesbian couple who were fans of his in 1997, he smiled and said to friend and biographer Thomas Hauser, "They look like they're happy together." Hauser wrote about the story, "The thought that Liz and Roz (the lesbian couple he met) were happy pleased Muhammad. Ali wanted people to be happy."<a href="#cite_note-266">[266]</a> On November 17, 2002, Ali went to Afghanistan as the "<a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">U.N. Messenger of Peace</a>".<a href="#cite_note-267">[267]</a> He was in Kabul for a three-day goodwill mission as a special guest of the UN.<a href="#cite_note-268">[268]</a> On September 1, 2009, Ali visited <a href="/wiki/Ennis" title="Ennis">Ennis</a>, County Clare, Ireland, the home of his great-grandfather, Abe Grady, who emigrated to the U.S. in the 1860s, eventually settling in Kentucky.<a href="#cite_note-269">[269]</a> On July 27, 2012, Ali was a titular bearer of the Olympic flag during the <a href="/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics_opening_ceremony" title="2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony">opening ceremonies</a> of the <a href="/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics" title="2012 Summer Olympics">2012 Summer Olympics</a> in London. He was helped to his feet by his wife Lonnie to stand before the flag due to his Parkinson's syndrome rendering him unable to carry it into the stadium.<a href="#cite_note-270">[270]</a> The same year, he was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Liberty_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Philadelphia Liberty Medal">Philadelphia Liberty Medal</a> in recognition of his lifelong efforts in activism, philanthropy and humanitarianism.<a href="#cite_note-Liberty-261">[261]</a><a href="#cite_note-sky-243">[243]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Earnings">Earnings</h3></div> By 1978, Ali's total fight purse earnings were estimated to be nearly $60 million<a href="#cite_note-271">[271]</a> (inflation-adjusted $379 million), including an estimated $47.45 million grossed between 1970 and 1978.<a href="#cite_note-jet78-272">[272]</a> By 1980, his total fight purse earnings were estimated to be up to $70 million<a href="#cite_note-people-273">[273]</a> (inflation-adjusted $338 million). In 1978, Ali revealed that he was "broke" and several news outlets reported his net worth to be an estimated $3.5 million<a href="#cite_note-jet78-272">[272]</a> (inflation-adjusted $16 million). The press attributed his decline in wealth to several factors, including taxes consuming at least half of his income, management taking a third of his income,<a href="#cite_note-jet78-272">[272]</a> his lifestyle, and spending on family, charity and religious causes.<a href="#cite_note-people-273">[273]</a> In 2006, Ali sold his name and image for $50 million,<a href="#cite_note-274">[274]</a> after which <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a> estimated his net worth to be $55 million in 2006.<a href="#cite_note-275">[275]</a> Following his death in 2016, his fortune was estimated to be between $50 million and $80 million.<a href="#cite_note-276">[276]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Declining_health">Declining health</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176"><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:35em; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> I'm blessed and thankful to God that I understand he's trying me. This is a trial from God. He gave me this illness to remind me that I am not number one; He is. </blockquote> <cite class="left-aligned" style="">—Muhammad Ali reflecting on having Parkinson's disease<a href="#cite_note-277">[277]</a><a href="#cite_note-278">[278]</a></cite> </div> Ali's Parkinson's syndrome led to a gradual decline in his health, though he was still active into the early 2000s, promoting his own biopic, <a href="/wiki/Ali_(film)" title="Ali (film)">Ali</a>, in 2001. That year he also contributed an on-camera segment to the <a href="/wiki/America:_A_Tribute_to_Heroes" title="America: A Tribute to Heroes">America: A Tribute to Heroes</a> benefit concert.<a href="#cite_note-279">[279]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:0522_ma_big_(cropped1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/0522_ma_big_%28cropped1%29.jpg/220px-0522_ma_big_%28cropped1%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/0522_ma_big_%28cropped1%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="284" data-file-height="292" /></a><figcaption>Ali and <a href="/wiki/Michael_J._Fox" title="Michael J. Fox">Michael J. Fox</a> testify before a Senate committee on providing government funding to combat Parkinson's.</figcaption></figure> In 1998, Ali began working with actor <a href="/wiki/Michael_J._Fox" title="Michael J. Fox">Michael J. Fox</a>, who has Parkinson's disease, to raise awareness and fund research for a cure. They made a joint appearance before Congress to push the case in 2002. In 2000, Ali worked with <a href="/wiki/The_Michael_J._Fox_Foundation_for_Parkinson%27s_Research" class="mw-redirect" title="The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research">the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research</a> to raise awareness and encourage donations for research.<a href="#cite_note-280">[280]</a> In February 2013, Ali's brother <a href="/wiki/Rahaman_Ali" title="Rahaman Ali">Rahaman Ali</a> said Muhammad could no longer speak and could be dead within days.<a href="#cite_note-281">[281]</a> Ali's daughter May May Ali responded to the rumors, stating that she had talked to him on the phone the morning of February 3 and he was fine.<a href="#cite_note-282">[282]</a> On December 20, 2014, Ali was hospitalized for a mild case of <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-283">[283]</a> Ali was once again hospitalized on January 15, 2015, for a <a href="/wiki/Urinary_tract_infection" title="Urinary tract infection">urinary tract infection</a> after being found unresponsive at a guest house in Scottsdale, Arizona.<a href="#cite_note-284">[284]</a> He was released the next day.<a href="#cite_note-285">[285]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2></div> Ali was hospitalized in <a href="/wiki/Scottsdale,_Arizona" title="Scottsdale, Arizona">Scottsdale, Arizona</a>, on June 2, 2016, with a respiratory illness. Though his condition was initially described as fair, it worsened, and he died the following day at the age of 74 from <a href="/wiki/Septic_shock" title="Septic shock">septic shock</a>.<a href="#cite_note-286">[286]</a><a href="#cite_note-287">[287]</a><a href="#cite_note-288">[288]</a><a href="#cite_note-289">[289]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="News_coverage_and_tributes">News coverage and tributes</h3></div> Following Ali's death, he was the number-one trending topic on Twitter for over 12 hours and on Facebook for several days. <a href="/wiki/BET" title="BET">BET</a> played their documentary Muhammad Ali: Made In Miami. <a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a> played four hours of non-stop commercial-free coverage of Ali. News networks, such as <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)" title="ABC News (United States)">ABC News</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a>, also covered him extensively.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] He was mourned globally, and a family spokesman said the family "certainly believes that Muhammad was a citizen of the world ... and they know that the world grieves with him".<a href="#cite_note-Columbian-290">[290]</a> Politicians such as <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a> and more paid tribute to Ali. Ali also received numerous tributes from the world of sports including <a href="/wiki/Michael_Jordan" title="Michael Jordan">Michael Jordan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tiger_Woods" title="Tiger Woods">Tiger Woods</a>, <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Mayweather" class="mw-redirect" title="Floyd Mayweather">Floyd Mayweather</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Tyson" title="Mike Tyson">Mike Tyson</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Miami_Marlins" title="Miami Marlins">Miami Marlins</a>, <a href="/wiki/LeBron_James" title="LeBron James">LeBron James</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steph_Curry" class="mw-redirect" title="Steph Curry">Steph Curry</a> and more. Then-Louisville mayor <a href="/wiki/Greg_Fischer" title="Greg Fischer">Greg Fischer</a> stated, "Muhammad Ali belongs to the world. But he only has one hometown."<a href="#cite_note-Columbian-290">[290]</a> The day after Ali's death, the <a href="/wiki/UFC" class="mw-redirect" title="UFC">UFC</a> paid tribute to Ali at their <a href="/wiki/UFC_199" title="UFC 199">UFC 199</a> event in a lengthy video tribute package, crediting Ali for his accomplishments and inspiring multiple UFC champions.<a href="#cite_note-291">[291]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Memorial">Memorial</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="width: 210px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/video/?410916-1/memorial-service-muhammad-ali-19422016">"Muhammad Ali Memorial Service"</a>, <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><a href="#cite_note-cspan_memorial-292">[292]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Close-up_of_Muhammad_Ali%27s_headstone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Close-up_of_Muhammad_Ali%27s_headstone.jpg/210px-Close-up_of_Muhammad_Ali%27s_headstone.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Close-up_of_Muhammad_Ali%27s_headstone.jpg/315px-Close-up_of_Muhammad_Ali%27s_headstone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Close-up_of_Muhammad_Ali%27s_headstone.jpg/420px-Close-up_of_Muhammad_Ali%27s_headstone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Ali's headstone, with an inscription of his quote: "Service to others is the rent you pay for your room in heaven"</figcaption></figure> Ali's funeral had been pre-planned by himself and others for several years prior to his actual death.<a href="#cite_note-293">[293]</a> The services began in Louisville on June 9, 2016, with an Islamic <a href="/wiki/Salat_al-Janazah" class="mw-redirect" title="Salat al-Janazah">Janazah</a> prayer service at <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Hall" title="Freedom Hall">Freedom Hall</a> on the grounds of the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Exposition_Center" title="Kentucky Exposition Center">Kentucky Exposition Center</a>. The Janazah prayer was attended by Turkish President <a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Recep Tayyip Erdoğan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-294">[294]</a> On June 10, 2016, the funeral procession passed through the streets of Louisville ending at <a href="/wiki/Cave_Hill_Cemetery" title="Cave Hill Cemetery">Cave Hill Cemetery</a>, where his body was interred during a private ceremony. A public memorial service for Ali at downtown Louisville's <a href="/wiki/KFC_Yum!_Center" title="KFC Yum! Center">KFC Yum! Center</a> was held during the afternoon of June 10.<a href="#cite_note-295">[295]</a><a href="#cite_note-296">[296]</a><a href="#cite_note-297">[297]</a> <a href="/wiki/Billy_Crystal" title="Billy Crystal">Billy Crystal</a>, his wife Lonnie Ali, sports journalist <a href="/wiki/Bryant_Gumbel" title="Bryant Gumbel">Bryant Gumbel</a> and former President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> all gave the eulogies.<a href="#cite_note-298">[298]</a> The pallbearers included <a href="/wiki/Will_Smith" title="Will Smith">Will Smith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lennox_Lewis" title="Lennox Lewis">Lennox Lewis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mike_Tyson" title="Mike Tyson">Mike Tyson</a>, with honorary pallbearers including <a href="/wiki/George_Chuvalo" title="George Chuvalo">George Chuvalo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Holmes" title="Larry Holmes">Larry Holmes</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Foreman" title="George Foreman">George Foreman</a>.<a href="#cite_note-299">[299]</a> Ali's memorial was watched by an estimated 1 billion viewers worldwide.<a href="#cite_note-alicenter-234">[234]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">If the measure of greatness is to gladden the heart of every human being on the face of the earth, then he truly was the greatest. In every way he was the bravest, the kindest and the most excellent of men.<div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Tribute from <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-300">[300]</a></cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_boxing">In boxing</h3></div> Ali remains the only three-time <a href="/wiki/Lineal_championship" title="Lineal championship">lineal heavyweight champion</a>. He is the only boxer to be named <a href="/wiki/The_Ring_magazine_Fighter_of_the_Year" title="The Ring magazine Fighter of the Year">The Ring magazine Fighter of the Year</a> six times and was involved in more Ring "Fight of the Year" bouts than any other fighter. He was one of only three boxers to be named "<a href="/wiki/Sportsman_of_the_Year" class="mw-redirect" title="Sportsman of the Year">Sportsman of the Year</a>" by Sports Illustrated. He was also named <a href="/wiki/BBC_Overseas_Sports_Personality_of_the_Year" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year">BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year</a> three times.<a href="#cite_note-301">[301]</a> Ali was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/International_Boxing_Hall_of_Fame" title="International Boxing Hall of Fame">International Boxing Hall of Fame</a> in its first year<a href="#cite_note-302">[302]</a> and held wins over seven other Hall of Fame inductees during an era that has been called the golden age of heavyweight boxing.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] His joint records of beating <a href="/wiki/World_heavyweight_boxing_championship_records_and_statistics" title="World heavyweight boxing championship records and statistics">21 boxers</a> for the world heavyweight title and winning 14 unified title bouts stood for 35 years.<a href="#cite_note-303">[note 1]</a><a href="#cite_note-304">[note 2]</a><a href="#cite_note-305">[303]</a><a href="#cite_note-306">[304]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS">better source needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_hip-hop">In hip-hop</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> I've wrestled with alligators, I've tussled with a whale. I done handcuffed lightning and throw thunder in jail. You know I'm bad. Just last week, I murdered a rock, injured a stone, hospitalized a brick. I'm so mean, I make medicine sick. </div><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Muhammad Ali<a href="#cite_note-307">[305]</a></cite></div></blockquote> Ali often used <a href="/wiki/Rhyme_scheme" title="Rhyme scheme">rhyme schemes</a> and spoken word poetry when trash talking in boxing, and also delivered political poetry in his activism outside of boxing.<a href="#cite_note-308">[306]</a><a href="#cite_note-309">[307]</a><a href="#cite_note-310">[308]</a> He played a role in the shaping of the black poetic tradition, paving the way for <a href="/wiki/The_Last_Poets" title="The Last Poets">The Last Poets</a> in 1968, <a href="/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron" title="Gil Scott-Heron">Gil Scott-Heron</a> in 1970, and the emergence of <a href="/wiki/Rap_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Rap music">rap music</a> in the 1970s.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes2-219">[219]</a> Ali has been referred to as "the first rapper".<a href="#cite_note-311">[309]</a> As a "rhyming trickster", he was noted for his boasts, "funky delivery", "comical trash talk", and "endless quotables".<a href="#cite_note-rollingstone1-220">[220]</a> <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a> notes his "<a href="/wiki/Freestyle_rap" title="Freestyle rap">freestyle</a> skills" and his "rhymes, flow, and braggadocio" would "one day become typical of <a href="/wiki/Old_school_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Old school hip hop">old school</a> MCs like <a href="/wiki/Run_DMC" class="mw-redirect" title="Run DMC">Run DMC</a> and <a href="/wiki/LL_Cool_J" title="LL Cool J">LL Cool J</a>", and his "outsized ego foreshadowed the vainglorious excesses of <a href="/wiki/Kanye_West" title="Kanye West">Kanye West</a>, while his <a href="/wiki/Afrocentrism" title="Afrocentrism">Afrocentric</a> consciousness and cutting honesty pointed forward to modern bards like <a href="/wiki/Rakim" title="Rakim">Rakim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nas" title="Nas">Nas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jay-Z" title="Jay-Z">Jay-Z</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kendrick_Lamar" title="Kendrick Lamar">Kendrick Lamar</a>."<a href="#cite_note-rollingstone2-221">[221]</a> In 2006, the documentary Ali Rap was produced by <a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Chuck_D" title="Chuck D">Chuck D</a> of <a href="/wiki/Public_Enemy" title="Public Enemy">Public Enemy</a> as the host.<a href="#cite_note-312">[310]</a> Other rappers narrated the documentary as well, including <a href="/wiki/Doug_E_Fresh" class="mw-redirect" title="Doug E Fresh">Doug E Fresh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ludacris" title="Ludacris">Ludacris</a> and Rakim who all spoke on Ali's behalf in the film. Ali has been cited as an inspiration by rappers such as LL Cool J,<a href="#cite_note-rollingstone1-220">[220]</a> Chuck D,<a href="#cite_note-313">[311]</a> Jay-Z, <a href="/wiki/Eminem" title="Eminem">Eminem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sean_Combs" title="Sean Combs">Sean Combs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slick_Rick" title="Slick Rick">Slick Rick</a>, Nas and <a href="/wiki/MC_Lyte" title="MC Lyte">MC Lyte</a>.<a href="#cite_note-cbsnews-314">[312]</a> Ali has been referenced in a number of hip hop songs, including <a href="/wiki/Migos" title="Migos">Migos</a>' "Fight Night", Nas's "The Message", <a href="/wiki/The_Sugarhill_Gang" title="The Sugarhill Gang">The Sugarhill Gang</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Rapper%27s_Delight" title="Rapper's Delight">Rapper's Delight</a>", the <a href="/wiki/Fugees" title="Fugees">Fugees</a>' "<a href="/wiki/Ready_or_Not_(Fugees_song)" title="Ready or Not (Fugees song)">Ready or Not</a>", <a href="/wiki/EPMD" title="EPMD">EPMD</a>'s "You're a Customer" and <a href="/wiki/Will_Smith" title="Will Smith">Will Smith</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Gettin%27_Jiggy_wit_It" title="Gettin' Jiggy wit It">Gettin' Jiggy wit It</a>".<a href="#cite_note-cbsnews-314">[312]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_Ali's_hometown">In Ali's hometown</h3></div> In 1978, shortly after becoming heavyweight champion of the world for the third time, and three years before his permanent retirement, Ali received a round of accolades in his hometown of Louisville. In September, at a tribute ceremony held at <a href="/wiki/Fairgrounds_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairgrounds Stadium">Fairgrounds Stadium</a>, then-Governor of Kentucky <a href="/wiki/Julian_Carroll" title="Julian Carroll">Julian Carroll</a> proclaimed 1978 the "Year of Ali" and presented to Ali the Governor's Distinguished Service Award. Carroll said he signed the proclamation because "no single day or week – or even month – ever could contain the deeds of this man."<a href="#cite_note-315">[313]</a> In November, the <a href="/wiki/Louisville_Board_of_Aldermen" title="Louisville Board of Aldermen">Louisville Board of Aldermen</a> voted 6–5 to rename downtown thoroughfare Walnut Street to <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Boulevard" title="Muhammad Ali Boulevard">Muhammad Ali Boulevard</a>, via an ordinance shortly signed into law by then-Mayor <a href="/wiki/William_B._Stansbury" title="William B. Stansbury">William B. Stansbury</a>.<a href="#cite_note-316">[314]</a> This was controversial at the time, as within a week 12 of the 70 street signs were stolen.<a href="#cite_note-Hill-317">[315]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AliCenter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/AliCenter.jpg/220px-AliCenter.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/AliCenter.jpg/330px-AliCenter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/AliCenter.jpg/440px-AliCenter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="401" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Center" title="Muhammad Ali Center">Muhammad Ali Center</a>, alongside Interstate 64 on Louisville, Kentucky's riverfront</figcaption></figure> As the street renaming was under consideration, a committee of the <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County_Public_Schools_(Kentucky)" title="Jefferson County Public Schools (Kentucky)">Jefferson County Public Schools</a> (Kentucky) considered renaming Ali's alma mater, <a href="/wiki/Central_High_School_(Louisville,_Kentucky)" title="Central High School (Louisville, Kentucky)">Central High School</a>, in his honor. Despite an initial endorsement by then-<a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County_Judge/Executive" title="Jefferson County Judge/Executive">Jefferson County Judge/Executive</a> and current <a href="/wiki/U.S._Senate_Minority_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Senate Minority Leader">U.S. Senate Minority Leader</a> <a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">Mitch McConnell</a>, and an affirmative vote by the Jefferson County <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiscal Court">Fiscal Court</a>, the committee decided not to proceed, citing long-time school tradition and alumni disagreement, even though they urged other ways to honor Ali in the community.<a href="#cite_note-318">[316]</a> In time, Muhammad Ali Boulevard—and Ali himself—came to be well accepted in his hometown.<a href="#cite_note-Hill-317">[315]</a> In November 2005, Ali and his wife Lonnie Ali opened the $54 million, 93,000 ft2, non-profit <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Center" title="Muhammad Ali Center">Muhammad Ali Center</a> in downtown Louisville.<a href="#cite_note-Crouse-2016-157">[157]</a><a href="#cite_note-Coomes-319">[317]</a> In addition to displaying his boxing memorabilia, the center focuses on core themes of peace, social responsibility, respect, and personal growth.<a href="#cite_note-Coomes-319">[317]</a><a href="#cite_note-320">[318]</a><a href="#cite_note-321">[319]</a> On January 16, 2019, the Louisville Regional Airport Authority voted to change the name of the city's main airport to "<a href="/wiki/Louisville_Muhammad_Ali_International_Airport" title="Louisville Muhammad Ali International Airport">Louisville Muhammad Ali International Airport</a>" in honor of Ali.<a href="#cite_note-Ali_Airport-322">[320]</a> Then-Louisville mayor Greg Fischer upon the occasion said:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">Muhammad Ali belonged to the world, but he only had one hometown, and fortunately, that is our great city of Louisville. Muhammad became one of the most well-known people to ever walk the Earth and has left a legacy of humanitarianism and athleticism that has inspired billions of people. It [is] important that we, as a city, further champion The Champ's legacy, and the airport renaming is a wonderful next step.<a href="#cite_note-Ali_Airport-322">[320]</a></blockquote> On June 6, 2019, the airport unveiled its new logo, featuring "Ali's silhouette, arms up and victorious, against the background of a butterfly."<a href="#cite_note-323">[321]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Around_the_US_and_world">Around the US and world</h3></div> Martial artist and actor <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Lee" title="Bruce Lee">Bruce Lee</a> was influenced by Ali, whose <a href="/wiki/Footwork_(martial_arts)" title="Footwork (martial arts)">footwork</a> he studied and incorporated into his own style while developing <a href="/wiki/Jeet_Kune_Do" title="Jeet Kune Do">Jeet Kune Do</a> in the 1960s.<a href="#cite_note-324">[322]</a> Opened in 1976, <a href="/wiki/Ali_Mall" title="Ali Mall">Ali Mall</a>, located in <a href="/wiki/Araneta_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Araneta Center">Araneta Center</a>, Quezon City, Philippines, is named after Ali. Construction of the mall, the first of its kind in the Philippines, began shortly after his victory in a match with Joe Frazier in nearby <a href="/wiki/Araneta_Coliseum" title="Araneta Coliseum">Araneta Coliseum</a> in 1975. Ali attended its opening.<a href="#cite_note-325">[323]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Antonio_Inoki" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki">Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki</a> fight the same year played an important role in the history of <a href="/wiki/Mixed_martial_arts" title="Mixed martial arts">mixed martial arts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-326">[324]</a> In Japan, the match inspired Inoki's students <a href="/wiki/Masakatsu_Funaki" title="Masakatsu Funaki">Masakatsu Funaki</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minoru_Suzuki" title="Minoru Suzuki">Minoru Suzuki</a> to found <a href="/wiki/Pancrase" title="Pancrase">Pancrase</a> in 1993, which in turn inspired the foundation of <a href="/wiki/Pride_Fighting_Championships" title="Pride Fighting Championships">Pride Fighting Championships</a> in 1997. Pride was acquired by its rival, <a href="/wiki/Ultimate_Fighting_Championship" title="Ultimate Fighting Championship">Ultimate Fighting Championship</a>, in 2007.<a href="#cite_note-327">[325]</a><a href="#cite_note-328">[326]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_George_W._Bush_Embraces_Muhammad_Ali.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/President_George_W._Bush_Embraces_Muhammad_Ali.jpg/220px-President_George_W._Bush_Embraces_Muhammad_Ali.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/President_George_W._Bush_Embraces_Muhammad_Ali.jpg/330px-President_George_W._Bush_Embraces_Muhammad_Ali.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/President_George_W._Bush_Embraces_Muhammad_Ali.jpg/440px-President_George_W._Bush_Embraces_Muhammad_Ali.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3150" data-file-height="2727" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> embraces Ali after presenting him with the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a> in 2005, during ceremonies at the White House.</figcaption></figure> Ali was the recipient of the 1997 <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ashe_Courage_Award" title="Arthur Ashe Courage Award">Arthur Ashe Courage Award</a>.<a href="#cite_note-329">[327]</a> He was presented with the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Citizens_Medal" title="Presidential Citizens Medal">Presidential Citizens Medal</a> by President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> in January 2001<a href="#cite_note-330">[328]</a> and with the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a> by President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> in November 2005.<a href="#cite_note-331">[329]</a><a href="#cite_note-332">[330]</a> For his work with the civil rights movement and the United Nations, he received the <a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn_Peace_Medal" title="Otto Hahn Peace Medal">Otto Hahn Peace Medal in Gold</a> from the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Association" title="United Nations Association">UN Association of Germany</a> (DGVN) in Berlin in December 2005.<a href="#cite_note-333">[331]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Boxing_Reform_Act" title="Muhammad Ali Boxing Reform Act">Muhammad Ali Boxing Reform Act</a> was introduced in 1999 and passed in 2000, to protect the rights and welfare of boxers in the United States. In May 2016, a bill was introduced to <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> by <a href="/wiki/Markwayne_Mullin" title="Markwayne Mullin">Markwayne Mullin</a>, a politician and former <a href="/wiki/MMA" class="mw-redirect" title="MMA">MMA</a> fighter, to extend the Ali Act to <a href="/wiki/Mixed_martial_arts" title="Mixed martial arts">mixed martial arts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-334">[332]</a> In June 2016, US senator <a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Rand Paul</a> proposed an amendment to the <a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_the_United_States" title="Conscription in the United States">US draft laws</a> named after Ali, a proposal to eliminate the <a href="/wiki/Selective_Service_System" title="Selective Service System">Selective Service System</a>.<a href="#cite_note-335">[333]</a> In June 2007, Ali received an honorary doctorate of humanities at <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a>'s 260th graduation ceremony.<a href="#cite_note-336">[334]</a> In 2015, <a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a> renamed its Sportsman Legacy Award to the Sports Illustrated's Muhammad Ali Legacy Award. The annual award was originally created in 2008 and honors former "sports figures who embody the ideals of sportsmanship, leadership and philanthropy as vehicles for changing the world". Ali first appeared on the magazine's cover in 1963 and went on to be featured on numerous covers during his storied career.<a href="#cite_note-q456-337">[335]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Voice_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Society of Voice Arts and Sciences">Society of Voice Arts and Sciences</a> created the Muhammad Ali Voice of Humanity Honor in 2016, which is presented at its annual Voice Arts Awards. The award was created in collaboration with the Muhammad Ali Center and is presented to "an individual whose voice, through humanitarianism, activism or personal sacrifice, has made a decidedly positive impact on our national or global condition as a society". Sculptor Marc Mellon created the bronze sculpture for the award, which depicts Ali mid-speech.<a href="#cite_note-338">[336]</a> Recipients of the honor include Dr. Henry Louis Gates, Ken Burns, Vance Jones, Lonnie Ali, Stacey Abrams, Wes Studi, and Manuela Testolini.<a href="#cite_note-339">[337]</a> In January 2017, the Muhammad Ali Commemorative Coin Act was introduced into the <a href="/wiki/115th_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="115th Congress">115th Congress</a> but was not enacted.<a href="#cite_note-340">[338]</a><a href="#cite_note-341">[339]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th-century_superlatives">20th-century superlatives</h3></div> By the end of the 20th century, Ali had made it onto several <a href="/wiki/List_of_superlatives" title="List of superlatives">superlatives lists</a> or otherwise was mentioned in superlative terms covering the century or a large portion thereof. Ali was ranked at or near the top of most lists of the 20th century's greatest boxers.<a href="#cite_note-342">[340]</a><a href="#cite_note-ring-343">[341]</a><a href="#cite_note-ap-344">[342]</a> He was crowned <a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated#Sportsman_of_the_Century" title="Sports Illustrated">Sportsman of the Century</a> by <a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a>.<a href="#cite_note-345">[343]</a> Named <a href="/wiki/BBC_Sports_Personality_of_the_Year#Sports_Personality_of_the_Century_Award" title="BBC Sports Personality of the Year">BBC's Sports Personality of the Century</a>, he received more votes than the other five candidates combined.<a href="#cite_note-346">[344]</a><a href="#cite_note-ring-343">[341]</a> The Associated Press ranked him as the second best boxer and best heavyweight of the 20th century.<a href="#cite_note-ap-344">[342]</a> He was named Athlete of the Century by <a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a>, and ranked as the third <a href="/wiki/SportsCentury#SportsCentury:_SportsCentury:_Top_50_American_Athletes_of_the_20th_Century_(Original_series)" title="SportsCentury">greatest North American athlete of the 20th century by ESPN SportsCentury</a>. Ali was named "Kentucky Athlete of the Century" by the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Athletic_Hall_of_Fame" title="Kentucky Athletic Hall of Fame">Kentucky Athletic Hall of Fame</a> in ceremonies at the <a href="/wiki/Galt_House" title="Galt House">Galt House East</a>.<a href="#cite_note-347">[345]</a> Ali was named one of the 100 most influential Americans of the 20th century by <a href="/wiki/Life_magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Life magazine">Life magazine</a> in 1990. In 1993, the Associated Press reported that Ali was tied with <a href="/wiki/Babe_Ruth" title="Babe Ruth">Babe Ruth</a> as the most recognized athlete, out of over 800 dead or living athletes, in America. The study found that over 97% of Americans over 12 years of age identified both Ali and Ruth.<a href="#cite_note-348">[346]</a> In 1999, he was one of three athletes, alongside <a href="/wiki/Pel%C3%A9" title="Pelé">Pelé</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jackie_Robinson" title="Jackie Robinson">Jackie Robinson</a>, named in <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a> magazine's list of the <a href="/wiki/Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_Century" title="Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century">100 Most Important People of the 20th Century</a>.<a href="#cite_note-349">[347]</a><a href="#cite_note-350">[348]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_media_and_popular_culture">In media and popular culture</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_in_media_and_popular_culture" title="Muhammad Ali in media and popular culture">Muhammad Ali in media and popular culture</a></div> As a world champion boxer, social activist, heartthrob and pop culture icon, Ali was the subject of numerous creative works including books, films, music, video games, TV shows, and other. Muhammad Ali was often dubbed the world's "most famous" person in the media.<a href="#cite_note-351">[349]</a><a href="#cite_note-352">[350]</a> Several of his fights were watched by an estimated <a href="#Television_appearances">1–2 billion viewers</a> between 1974 and 1980, and his lighting of the torch at the 1996 <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta Olympics">Atlanta Olympics</a> was watched by an estimated 3.5 billion viewers.<a href="#cite_note-Hajeski-230">[230]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:StangoAli.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/StangoAli.jpg/170px-StangoAli.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/StangoAli.jpg/255px-StangoAli.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/StangoAli.jpg/340px-StangoAli.jpg 2x" data-file-width="363" data-file-height="604" /></a><figcaption>Muhammad Ali pop art painting by <a href="/wiki/John_Stango" title="John Stango">John Stango</a></figcaption></figure> Ali appeared on the cover of <a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a> on 38 different occasions,<a href="#cite_note-353">[351]</a> second only to <a href="/wiki/Michael_Jordan" title="Michael Jordan">Michael Jordan</a>'s 50.<a href="#cite_note-354">[352]</a> He also appeared on the cover of <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a> magazine 5 times.<a href="#cite_note-355">[353]</a> In 2015, <a href="/wiki/Harris_Poll" class="mw-redirect" title="Harris Poll">Harris Poll</a> found that Ali was one of the three most recognizable athletes in the United States, along with Michael Jordan and <a href="/wiki/Babe_Ruth" title="Babe Ruth">Babe Ruth</a>.<a href="#cite_note-356">[354]</a> On the set of Freedom Road Ali met Canadian singer-songwriter Michel,<a href="#cite_note-357">[355]</a> and subsequently helped create Michel's album The First Flight of the Gizzelda Dragon and an unaired television special featuring them both.<a href="#cite_note-358">[356]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muhammad_Ali_figure_at_Madame_Tussauds_London_(31123718781).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Muhammad_Ali_figure_at_Madame_Tussauds_London_%2831123718781%29.jpg/170px-Muhammad_Ali_figure_at_Madame_Tussauds_London_%2831123718781%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Muhammad_Ali_figure_at_Madame_Tussauds_London_%2831123718781%29.jpg/255px-Muhammad_Ali_figure_at_Madame_Tussauds_London_%2831123718781%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Muhammad_Ali_figure_at_Madame_Tussauds_London_%2831123718781%29.jpg/340px-Muhammad_Ali_figure_at_Madame_Tussauds_London_%2831123718781%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Wax statue of Ali at <a href="/wiki/Madame_Tussauds" title="Madame Tussauds">Madame Tussauds</a>, London</figcaption></figure> Ali was the subject of the British television program <a href="/wiki/This_Is_Your_Life_(British_TV_series)" title="This Is Your Life (British TV series)">This Is Your Life</a> in 1978 when he was surprised by <a href="/wiki/Eamonn_Andrews" title="Eamonn Andrews">Eamonn Andrews</a>.<a href="#cite_note-359">[357]</a> Ali was featured in <a href="/wiki/Superman_vs._Muhammad_Ali" title="Superman vs. Muhammad Ali">Superman vs. Muhammad Ali</a>, a 1978 DC Comics comic book pitting the champ against the superhero. In 1979, Ali guest starred as himself in an episode of the NBC sitcom <a href="/wiki/Diff%27rent_Strokes" title="Diff'rent Strokes">Diff'rent Strokes</a>. The show's title itself was inspired by the quote "Different strokes for different folks" popularized in 1966 by Ali, who also inspired the title of the 1967 <a href="/wiki/Syl_Johnson" title="Syl Johnson">Syl Johnson</a> song "Different Strokes", one of the most <a href="/wiki/Sampling_(music)" title="Sampling (music)">sampled</a> songs in pop music history.<a href="#cite_note-360">[358]</a> He also wrote several bestselling books about his career, including <a href="/wiki/The_Greatest:_My_Own_Story" title="The Greatest: My Own Story">The Greatest: My Own Story</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Soul_of_a_Butterfly" title="The Soul of a Butterfly">The Soul of a Butterfly</a>. The Muhammad Ali effect, named after Ali, is a term that came into use in psychology in the 1980s, as he stated in The Greatest: My Own Story: "I only said I was the greatest, not the smartest."<a href="#cite_note-cp-212">[212]</a> According to this effect, when people are asked to rate their intelligence and moral behavior in comparison to others, people will rate themselves as more moral, but not more intelligent than others.<a href="#cite_note-361">[359]</a><a href="#cite_note-362">[360]</a> Ali cooperated with Thomas Hauser on a biography, <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali:_His_Life_and_Times" title="Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times">Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times</a>. The oral history was released in 1991. <a href="/wiki/When_We_Were_Kings" title="When We Were Kings">When We Were Kings</a>, a 1996 documentary about the Rumble in the Jungle, won the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Documentary_Feature" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature">Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature</a>.<a href="#cite_note-363">[361]</a> The 2001 biopic <a href="/wiki/Ali_(film)" title="Ali (film)">Ali</a> garnered a <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Actor">Best Actor</a> Oscar nomination for <a href="/wiki/Will_Smith" title="Will Smith">Will Smith</a> for his portrayal of Ali.<a href="#cite_note-364">[362]</a> Prior to making the film, Smith rejected the role until Ali requested that he accept it. Smith said the first thing Ali told him was: "Man, you're almost pretty enough to play me."<a href="#cite_note-365">[363]</a> In 2002, Ali was honored with a star on the <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame" title="Hollywood Walk of Fame">Hollywood Walk of Fame</a> for his contributions to the entertainment industry.<a href="#cite_note-HWOFDB-366">[364]</a> His star is the only one to be mounted on a vertical surface, out of deference to his request that the name Muhammad—a name he shares with <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">the Islamic prophet</a>—not be walked upon.<a href="#cite_note-Jet111-367">[365]</a><a href="#cite_note-368">[366]</a> His 1966 fight against <a href="/wiki/George_Chuvalo" title="George Chuvalo">George Chuvalo</a> was the subject of the 2003 documentary film <a href="/wiki/The_Last_Round:_Chuvalo_vs._Ali" title="The Last Round: Chuvalo vs. Ali">The Last Round: Chuvalo vs. Ali</a>.<a href="#cite_note-pevere-369">[367]</a> A decade later, <a href="/wiki/The_Trials_of_Muhammad_Ali" title="The Trials of Muhammad Ali">The Trials of Muhammad Ali</a>, a documentary directed by <a href="/wiki/Bill_Siegel" title="Bill Siegel">Bill Siegel</a> that focuses on Ali's refusal of the <a href="/wiki/Selective_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Selective Service">draft</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>, opened in Manhattan in August 2013.<a href="#cite_note-Rapold-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-TrialsDocu-370">[368]</a> A 2013 made-for-TV movie titled <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali%27s_Greatest_Fight" title="Muhammad Ali's Greatest Fight">Muhammad Ali's Greatest Fight</a> dramatized the same aspect of Ali's life. <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Fuqua" title="Antoine Fuqua">Antoine Fuqua</a>'s documentary <a href="/wiki/What%27s_My_Name:_Muhammad_Ali" title="What's My Name: Muhammad Ali">What's My Name: Muhammad Ali</a> was released in 2019. Then in September 2021, documentary filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Ken_Burns" title="Ken Burns">Ken Burns</a> released the four-part docuseries <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_(miniseries)" title="Muhammad Ali (miniseries)">Muhammad Ali</a>, spanning over eight hours on Ali's life. The series, which Burns began developing in early 2016, was broadcast on <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>.<a href="#cite_note-371">[369]</a><a href="#cite_note-372">[370]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dave_Zirin" title="Dave Zirin">Dave Zirin</a>, who watched an 8-hour rough cut of this documentary, called it "utterly outstanding" and said "the footage they found will blow minds".<a href="#cite_note-373">[371]</a> In spring 2025, the officially authorized musical <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_(musical)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali (musical) (page does not exist)">Ali</a>, based on Ali's life, will be debuting. Originally expected to debut at <a href="/wiki/The_Kentucky_Center" title="The Kentucky Center">The Kentucky Center</a> in Ali's hometown of Louisville, it will instead have its premiere at the <a href="/wiki/Nederlander_Theatre_(Chicago)" title="Nederlander Theatre (Chicago)">Nederlander Theatre</a> in Chicago, before later moving on to <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a>. The musical is being directed and written by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clint_Dyer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clint Dyer (page does not exist)">Clint Dyer</a>, deputy artistic director of London's <a href="/wiki/Royal_National_Theatre" title="Royal National Theatre">National Theatre</a>, and scored by <a href="/wiki/Louisville_Orchestra" title="Louisville Orchestra">Louisville Orchestra</a>'s music director and conductor <a href="/wiki/Teddy_Abrams" title="Teddy Abrams">Teddy Abrams</a>. Rapper and record producer <a href="/wiki/Q-Tip_(musician)" title="Q-Tip (musician)">Q-Tip</a> has joined the production as music director and co-lyricist, along with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rich_%2B_Tone_Talauega&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rich + Tone Talauega (page does not exist)">Rich + Tone Talauega</a> as choreographers.<a href="#cite_note-374">[372]</a><a href="#cite_note-375">[373]</a><a href="#cite_note-376">[374]</a><a href="#cite_note-377">[375]</a><a href="#cite_note-378">[376]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Professional_boxing_record">Professional boxing record</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Professional_boxing_record_of_Muhammad_Ali" class="mw-redirect" title="Professional boxing record of Muhammad Ali">Professional boxing record of Muhammad Ali</a></div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th>61 fights </th> <th>56 wins </th> <th>5 losses </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">By knockout </th> <td align="center" style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">37 </td> <td align="center" style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">By decision </th> <td align="center" style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">19 </td> <td align="center" style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">4 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> </th> <th>Result </th> <th>Record </th> <th>Opponent </th> <th>Type </th> <th>Round, time </th> <th>Date </th> <th>Age </th> <th>Location </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>61 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Loss </td> <td>56–5 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Trevor_Berbick" title="Trevor Berbick">Trevor Berbick</a> </td> <td>UD </td> <td>10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Trevor_Berbick" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Trevor Berbick">Dec 11, 1981</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">39 years, 328 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Queen Elizabeth Sports Centre, <a href="/wiki/Nassau,_Bahamas" class="mw-redirect" title="Nassau, Bahamas">Nassau</a>, Bahamas </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>60 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Loss </td> <td>56–4 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Holmes" title="Larry Holmes">Larry Holmes</a> </td> <td>RTD </td> <td>10 (15), 3:00 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Larry_Holmes_vs._Muhammad_Ali" title="Larry Holmes vs. Muhammad Ali">Oct 2, 1980</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">38 years, 259 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Caesars_Palace" title="Caesars Palace">Caesars Palace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paradise,_Nevada" title="Paradise, Nevada">Paradise, Nevada</a>, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">For WBC and vacant The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>59 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>56–3 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Leon_Spinks" title="Leon Spinks">Leon Spinks</a> </td> <td>UD </td> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leon_Spinks_vs._Muhammad_Ali_II" title="Leon Spinks vs. Muhammad Ali II">Sep 15, 1978</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">36 years, 241 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Superdome" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercedes-Benz Superdome">Superdome</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a>, Louisiana, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Won WBA and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>58 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Loss </td> <td>55–3 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Leon_Spinks" title="Leon Spinks">Leon Spinks</a> </td> <td>SD </td> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Leon_Spinks" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Leon Spinks">Feb 15, 1978</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">36 years, 29 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Hilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Vegas Hilton">Las Vegas Hilton</a>, Winchester, Nevada, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Lost WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>57 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>55–2 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Earnie_Shavers" title="Earnie Shavers">Earnie Shavers</a> </td> <td>UD </td> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Earnie_Shavers" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Earnie Shavers">Sep 29, 1977</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">35 years, 255 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_Garden" title="Madison Square Garden">Madison Square Garden</a>, New York City, New York, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>56 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>54–2 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Evangelista" title="Alfredo Evangelista">Alfredo Evangelista</a> </td> <td>UD </td> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Alfredo_Evangelista" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Alfredo Evangelista">May 16, 1977</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">35 years, 119 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Capital Centre, Landover, Maryland, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>55 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>53–2 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton" title="Ken Norton">Ken Norton</a> </td> <td>UD </td> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ken_Norton_III" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton III">Sep 28, 1976</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">34 years, 255 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Yankee_Stadium_(1923)" title="Yankee Stadium (1923)">Yankee Stadium</a>, New York City, New York, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>54 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>52–2 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Dunn_(boxer)" title="Richard Dunn (boxer)">Richard Dunn</a> </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>5 (15), 2:05 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Richard_Dunn" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Richard Dunn">May 24, 1976</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">34 years, 128 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Olympiahalle" title="Olympiahalle">Olympiahalle</a>, Munich, West Germany </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>53 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>51–2 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Young_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Young (boxer)">Jimmy Young</a> </td> <td>UD </td> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jimmy_Young" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Young">Apr 30, 1976</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">34 years, 104 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Capital_Centre_(Landover,_Maryland)" title="Capital Centre (Landover, Maryland)">Capital Centre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Landover,_Maryland" title="Landover, Maryland">Landover, Maryland</a>, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>52 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>50–2 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Coopman" title="Jean-Pierre Coopman">Jean-Pierre Coopman</a> </td> <td>KO </td> <td>5 (15), 2:46 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jean-Pierre_Coopman" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jean-Pierre Coopman">Feb 20, 1976</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">34 years, 34 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Clemente_Coliseum" title="Roberto Clemente Coliseum">Roberto Clemente Coliseum</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Juan, Puerto Rico">San Juan</a>, Puerto Rico </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>51 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>49–2 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a> </td> <td>RTD </td> <td>14 (15), 3:00 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thrilla_in_Manila" title="Thrilla in Manila">Oct 1, 1975</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">33 years, 257 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Coliseum" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Coliseum">Philippine Coliseum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quezon_City" title="Quezon City">Quezon City</a>, Philippines </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>50 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>48–2 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Bugner" title="Joe Bugner">Joe Bugner</a> </td> <td>UD </td> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Joe_Bugner_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner II">July 1, 1975</a><a href="#cite_note-379">[377]</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">33 years, 164 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Stadium_Merdeka" title="Stadium Merdeka">Stadium Merdeka</a>, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>49 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>47–2 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ron_Lyle" title="Ron Lyle">Ron Lyle</a> </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>11 (15), 1:08 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ron_Lyle" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ron Lyle">May 16, 1975</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">33 years, 119 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>48 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>46–2 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Wepner" title="Chuck Wepner">Chuck Wepner</a> </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>15 (15), 2:41 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Chuck_Wepner" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Chuck Wepner">Mar 24, 1975</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">33 years, 66 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Richfield_Coliseum" title="Richfield Coliseum">Coliseum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richfield,_Ohio" title="Richfield, Ohio">Richfield, Ohio</a>, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>47 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>45–2 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/George_Foreman" title="George Foreman">George Foreman</a> </td> <td>KO </td> <td>8 (15), 2:58 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle" title="The Rumble in the Jungle">Oct 30, 1974</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">32 years, 286 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Stade_du_20_Mai" class="mw-redirect" title="Stade du 20 Mai">Stade du 20 Mai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kinshasa" title="Kinshasa">Kinshasa</a>, Zaire </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Won WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>46 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>44–2 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a> </td> <td>UD </td> <td>12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Joe_Frazier_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier II">Jan 28, 1974</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">32 years, 11 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained NABF heavyweight title </td></tr> <tr> <td>45 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>43–2 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Rudie_Lubbers" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudie Lubbers">Rudie Lubbers</a> </td> <td>UD </td> <td>12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Rudie_Lubbers" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Rudie Lubbers">Oct 20, 1973</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">31 years, 276 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Gelora_Bung_Karno_Stadium" title="Gelora Bung Karno Stadium">Gelora Bung Karno Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>, Indonesia </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>44 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>42–2 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton" title="Ken Norton">Ken Norton</a> </td> <td>SD </td> <td>12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton_vs._Muhammad_Ali_II" title="Ken Norton vs. Muhammad Ali II">Sep 10, 1973</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">31 years, 236 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/The_Forum_(Inglewood,_California)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Forum (Inglewood, California)">The Forum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inglewood,_California" title="Inglewood, California">Inglewood, California</a>, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Won NABF heavyweight title </td></tr> <tr> <td>43 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Loss </td> <td>41–2 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton" title="Ken Norton">Ken Norton</a> </td> <td><abbr title="Split decision">SD</abbr> </td> <td>12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ken_Norton" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton">Mar 31, 1973</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">31 years, 73 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Pechanga_Arena" title="Pechanga Arena">Sports Arena</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Diego,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego, California">San Diego, California</a>, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Lost NABF heavyweight title </td></tr> <tr> <td>42 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>41–1 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Bugner" title="Joe Bugner">Joe Bugner</a> </td> <td>UD </td> <td>12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Joe_Bugner" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner">Feb 14, 1973</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">31 years, 28 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>41 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>40–1 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Foster_(boxer)" title="Bob Foster (boxer)">Bob Foster</a> </td> <td>KO </td> <td>8 (12), 0:40 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Bob_Foster" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Bob Foster">Nov 21, 1972</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 309 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sahara_Tahoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahara Tahoe">Sahara Tahoe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stateline,_Nevada" title="Stateline, Nevada">Stateline, Nevada</a>, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained NABF heavyweight title </td></tr> <tr> <td>40 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>39–1 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Floyd_Patterson" title="Floyd Patterson">Floyd Patterson</a> </td> <td>RTD </td> <td>7 (12), 3:00 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Floyd_Patterson_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson II">Sep 20, 1972</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 247 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained NABF heavyweight title </td></tr> <tr> <td>39 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>38–1 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Lewis_(boxer)" title="Alvin Lewis (boxer)">Alvin Lewis</a> </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>11 (12), 1:15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Al_Lewis" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Al Lewis">Jul 19, 1972</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 184 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Croke_Park" title="Croke Park">Croke Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a>, Ireland </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>38 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>37–1 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Quarry" title="Jerry Quarry">Jerry Quarry</a> </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>7 (12), 0:19 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jerry_Quarry_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jerry Quarry II">Jun 27, 1972</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 162 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained NABF heavyweight title </td></tr> <tr> <td>37 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>36–1 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/George_Chuvalo" title="George Chuvalo">George Chuvalo</a> </td> <td>UD </td> <td>12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._George_Chuvalo_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. George Chuvalo II">May 1, 1972</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 105 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coliseum" title="Pacific Coliseum">Pacific Coliseum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a>, British Columbia, Canada </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained NABF heavyweight title </td></tr> <tr> <td>36 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>35–1 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Mac_Foster" title="Mac Foster">Mac Foster</a> </td> <td>UD </td> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Mac_Foster" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Mac Foster">Apr 1, 1972</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 75 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Nippon_Budokan" title="Nippon Budokan">Nippon Budokan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, Japan </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>35 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>34–1 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Blin" title="Jürgen Blin">Jürgen Blin</a> </td> <td>KO </td> <td>7 (12), 2:12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._J%C3%BCrgen_Blin" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jürgen Blin">Dec 26, 1971</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 343 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hallenstadion" title="Hallenstadion">Hallenstadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a>, Switzerland </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>34 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>33–1 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Buster_Mathis" title="Buster Mathis">Buster Mathis</a> </td> <td>UD </td> <td>12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Buster_Mathis" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Buster Mathis">Nov 17, 1971</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 304 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained NABF heavyweight title </td></tr> <tr> <td>33 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>32–1 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Ellis_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Ellis (boxer)">Jimmy Ellis</a> </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>12 (12), 2:10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jimmy_Ellis" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Ellis">Jul 26, 1971</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 190 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Won vacant NABF heavyweight title </td></tr> <tr> <td>32 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Loss </td> <td>31–1 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a> </td> <td>UD </td> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fight_of_the_Century" title="Fight of the Century">Mar 8, 1971</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 50 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">For WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>31 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>31–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Bonavena" title="Oscar Bonavena">Oscar Bonavena</a> </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>15 (15), 2:03 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Oscar_Bonavena" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Oscar Bonavena">Dec 7, 1970</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">28 years, 324 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Won vacant <a href="/wiki/List_of_NABF_champions#Heavyweight" title="List of NABF champions">NABF heavyweight title</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>30–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Quarry" title="Jerry Quarry">Jerry Quarry</a> </td> <td>RTD </td> <td>3 (15), 3:00 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jerry_Quarry" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jerry Quarry">Oct 26, 1970</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">28 years, 282 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Municipal_Auditorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta Municipal Auditorium">Municipal Auditorium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atlanta,_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta, Georgia">Atlanta, Georgia</a>, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>29 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>29–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Zora_Folley" title="Zora Folley">Zora Folley</a> </td> <td>KO </td> <td>7 (15), 1:48 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Zora_Folley" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Zora Folley">Mar 22, 1967</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">25 years, 64 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_Garden_(1925)" title="Madison Square Garden (1925)">Madison Square Garden</a>, New York City, New York, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBA, WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>28 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>28–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Terrell" title="Ernie Terrell">Ernie Terrell</a> </td> <td>UD </td> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ernie_Terrel" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ernie Terrel">Feb 6, 1967</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">25 years, 20 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles; Won WBA heavyweight title </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>27–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Williams" title="Cleveland Williams">Cleveland Williams</a> </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>3 (15), 1:08 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Cleveland_Williams" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Cleveland Williams">Nov 14, 1966</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">24 years, 301 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Astrodome" title="Astrodome">Astrodome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, Texas, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>26 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>26–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Mildenberger" title="Karl Mildenberger">Karl Mildenberger</a> </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>12 (15), 1:30 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Karl_Mildenberger" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Karl Mildenberger">Sep 10, 1966</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">24 years, 236 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Waldstadion_(Frankfurt)" title="Waldstadion (Frankfurt)">Waldstadion</a>, Frankfurt, West Germany </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>25 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>25–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Brian_London" title="Brian London">Brian London</a> </td> <td>KO </td> <td>3 (15), 1:40 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Brian_London" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Brian London">Aug 6, 1966</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">24 years, 201 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Earls_Court_Exhibition_Centre" title="Earls Court Exhibition Centre">Earls Court Exhibition Centre</a>, London, England </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>24 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>24–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cooper" title="Henry Cooper">Henry Cooper</a> </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>6 (15), 1:38 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Henry_Cooper_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Henry Cooper II">May 21, 1966</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">24 years, 124 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Arsenal_Stadium" title="Arsenal Stadium">Arsenal Stadium</a>, London, England </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>23–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/George_Chuvalo" title="George Chuvalo">George Chuvalo</a> </td> <td>UD </td> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._George_Chuvalo" title="Muhammad Ali vs. George Chuvalo">Mar 29, 1966</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">24 years, 71 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Maple_Leaf_Gardens" title="Maple Leaf Gardens">Maple Leaf Gardens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, Canada </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>22–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Floyd_Patterson" title="Floyd Patterson">Floyd Patterson</a> </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>12 (15), 2:18 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Floyd_Patterson" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson">Nov 22, 1965</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">23 years, 309 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>21–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Liston" title="Sonny Liston">Sonny Liston</a> </td> <td>KO </td> <td>1 (15), 2:12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Sonny_Liston#Ali_vs._Liston_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston">May 25, 1965</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">23 years, 128 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Androscoggin_Bank_Colis%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Androscoggin Bank Colisée">Civic Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lewiston,_Maine" title="Lewiston, Maine">Lewiston, Maine</a>, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>20–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Liston" title="Sonny Liston">Sonny Liston</a> </td> <td>RTD </td> <td>6 (15), 3:00 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Liston_vs._Cassius_Clay" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay">Feb 25, 1964</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">22 years, 39 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Miami_Beach_Convention_Center" title="Miami Beach Convention Center">Convention Center</a>, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S. </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Won <a href="/wiki/List_of_WBA_world_champions#Heavyweight" title="List of WBA world champions">WBA</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_WBC_world_champions#Heavyweight" title="List of WBC world champions">WBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/NYSAC" class="mw-redirect" title="NYSAC">NYSAC</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_The_Ring_world_champions#Heavyweight" title="List of The Ring world champions">The Ring heavyweight titles</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>19–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cooper" title="Henry Cooper">Henry Cooper</a> </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>5 (10), 2:15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Henry_Cooper" title="Cassius Clay vs. Henry Cooper">Jun 18, 1963</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">21 years, 152 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Wembley_Stadium_(1923)" title="Wembley Stadium (1923)">Wembley Stadium</a>, London, England </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>18–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Doug_Jones_(boxer)" title="Doug Jones (boxer)">Doug Jones</a> </td> <td>UD </td> <td>10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Doug_Jones" title="Cassius Clay vs. Doug Jones">Mar 13, 1963</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">21 years, 55 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>17–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Powell" title="Charlie Powell">Charlie Powell</a> </td> <td>KO </td> <td>3 (10), 2:04 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Charlie_Powell" title="Cassius Clay vs. Charlie Powell">Jan 24, 1963</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">21 years, 7 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Civic_Arena_(Pittsburgh)" title="Civic Arena (Pittsburgh)">Civic Arena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania">Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</a>, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>16–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Archie_Moore" title="Archie Moore">Archie Moore</a> </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>4 (10), 1:35 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Archie_Moore" class="mw-redirect" title="Cassius Clay vs. Archie Moore">Nov 15, 1962</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">20 years, 302 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>15–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Alejandro Lavorante </td> <td>KO </td> <td>5 (10), 1:48 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Alejandro_Lavorante" title="Cassius Clay vs. Alejandro Lavorante">Jul 20, 1962</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">20 years, 184 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>14–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Billy Daniels </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>7 (10), 2:21 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Billy_Daniels" title="Cassius Clay vs. Billy Daniels">May 19, 1962</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">20 years, 122 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/St._Nicholas_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Nicholas Arena">St. Nicholas Arena</a>, New York City, New York, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>13–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;">George Logan </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>4 (10), 1:34 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._George_Logan" title="Cassius Clay vs. George Logan">Apr 23, 1962</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">20 years, 96 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Sports_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Memorial Sports Arena">Memorial Sports Arena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles, California">Los Angeles, California</a>, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>12–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Don Warner </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>4 (10), 0:34 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Don_Warner" title="Cassius Clay vs. Don Warner">Feb 28, 1962</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">20 years, 70 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Convention Center, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>11–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Banks" title="Sonny Banks">Sonny Banks</a> </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>4 (10), 0:26 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Sonny_Banks" title="Cassius Clay vs. Sonny Banks">Feb 10, 1962</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">20 years, 24 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>10–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Willi_Besmanoff" title="Willi Besmanoff">Willi Besmanoff</a> </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>7 (10), 1:55 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Willi_Besmanoff" title="Cassius Clay vs. Willi Besmanoff">Nov 29, 1961</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">19 years, 316 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>9–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Alex Miteff </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>6 (10), 1:45 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Alex_Miteff" title="Cassius Clay vs. Alex Miteff">Oct 7, 1961</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">19 years, 263 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>8–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Alonzo Johnson </td> <td>UD </td> <td>10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Alonzo_Johnson" title="Cassius Clay vs. Alonzo Johnson">Jul 22, 1961</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">19 years, 186 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>7–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Duke Sabedong </td> <td>UD </td> <td>10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Duke_Sabedong" title="Cassius Clay vs. Duke Sabedong">Jun 26, 1961</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">19 years, 160 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Convention_Center" title="Las Vegas Convention Center">Las Vegas Convention Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Winchester,_Nevada" title="Winchester, Nevada">Winchester, Nevada</a>, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>6–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/LaMar_Clark" title="LaMar Clark">LaMar Clark</a> </td> <td>KO </td> <td>2 (8), 1:27 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Lamar_Clark" title="Cassius Clay vs. Lamar Clark">Apr 19, 1961</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">19 years, 92 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>5–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Donnie Fleeman </td> <td><abbr title="Corner retirement">RTD</abbr> </td> <td>6 (8) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman" title="Cassius Clay vs. Donnie Fleeman">Feb 21, 1961</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">19 years, 35 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Municipal Auditorium, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>4–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Robinson_(boxer)" title="Jim Robinson (boxer)">Jim Robinson</a> </td> <td><abbr title="Knockout">KO</abbr> </td> <td>1 (8), 1:34 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Jim_Robinson" title="Cassius Clay vs. Jim Robinson">Feb 7, 1961</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">19 years, 21 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Miami_Beach_Convention_Center" title="Miami Beach Convention Center">Convention Center</a>, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>3–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Tony Esperti </td> <td>TKO </td> <td>3 (8), 1:30 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Tony_Esperti" title="Cassius Clay vs. Tony Esperti">Jan 17, 1961</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">19 years, 0 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;">Municipal Auditorium, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>2–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Herb_Siler" title="Herb Siler">Herb Siler</a> </td> <td><abbr title="Technical knockout">TKO</abbr> </td> <td>4 (8), 1:00 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Herb_Siler" title="Cassius Clay vs. Herb Siler">Dec 27, 1960</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">18 years, 345 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Miami_Beach_Municipal_Auditorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami Beach Municipal Auditorium">Municipal Auditorium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miami_Beach,_Florida" title="Miami Beach, Florida">Miami Beach, Florida</a>, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win </td> <td>1–0 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Tunney_Hunsaker" title="Tunney Hunsaker">Tunney Hunsaker</a> </td> <td><abbr title="Unanimous decision">UD</abbr> </td> <td>6 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Tunney_Hunsaker" title="Cassius Clay vs. Tunney Hunsaker">Oct 29, 1960</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">18 years, 286 days </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Hall" title="Freedom Hall">Freedom Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a>, U.S. </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discography">Discography</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_in_media_and_popular_culture" title="Muhammad Ali in media and popular culture">Muhammad Ali in media and popular culture</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Greatest_(Cassius_Clay_album)" title="I Am the Greatest (Cassius Clay album)">I Am the Greatest</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Ali_and_His_Gang_vs._Mr._Tooth_Decay" title="The Adventures of Ali and His Gang vs. Mr. Tooth Decay">The Adventures of Ali and His Gang vs. Mr. Tooth Decay</a> (1976)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/27px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/40px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/54px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Islam portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/31px-Sports_icon.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/47px-Sports_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/62px-Sports_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="226" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Sports" title="Portal:Sports">Sports portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Yin_and_Yang_symbol.svg/28px-Yin_and_Yang_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Yin_and_Yang_symbol.svg/42px-Yin_and_Yang_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Yin_and_Yang_symbol.svg/56px-Yin_and_Yang_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Martial_arts" title="Portal:Martial arts">Martial arts portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b1/Olympic_Rings.svg/32px-Olympic_Rings.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b1/Olympic_Rings.svg/48px-Olympic_Rings.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b1/Olympic_Rings.svg/64px-Olympic_Rings.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="495" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Olympics">Olympics portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_world_heavyweight_boxing_champions" title="List of world heavyweight boxing champions">List of world heavyweight boxing champions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_WBA_world_champions" title="List of WBA world champions">List of WBA world champions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_WBC_world_champions" title="List of WBC world champions">List of WBC world champions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_The_Ring_world_champions" title="List of The Ring world champions">List of The Ring world champions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_undisputed_world_boxing_champions" title="List of undisputed world boxing champions">List of undisputed world boxing champions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_converts_to_Islam" title="List of converts to Islam">List of converts to Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_boxing_families" title="List of boxing families">List of boxing families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_the_Louisville_metropolitan_area" title="List of people from the Louisville metropolitan area">List of people from the Louisville metropolitan area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Muslims" title="List of American Muslims">List of American Muslims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wells_Fargo#1981_MAPS_Wells_Fargo_embezzlement_scandal" title="Wells Fargo">1981 MAPS Wells Fargo embezzlement scandal</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-303"><a href="#cite_ref-303">^</a> These records are shared with <a href="/wiki/Joe_Louis" title="Joe Louis">Joe Louis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Napoles" class="mw-redirect" title="José Napoles">José Napoles</a>, respectively. Both these records were eventually beaten by <a href="/wiki/Wladimir_Klitschko" title="Wladimir Klitschko">Wladimir Klitschko</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-304"><a href="#cite_ref-304">^</a> Some sources claim that <a href="/wiki/Joe_Louis" title="Joe Louis">Joe Louis</a> has actually defeated 22 fighters for the world heavyweight title; that would make Louis the sole holder of the eventually broken record. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-BoxRec-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BoxRec_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BoxRec_1-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://boxrec.com/en/boxer/180">Boxing record for Muhammad Ali</a> from <a href="/wiki/BoxRec" title="BoxRec">BoxRec</a> (registration required). Retrieved June 5, 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWells2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_C._Wells" title="John C. Wells">Wells, John C.</a> (2008). "Ali". Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Longman. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4058-8118-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4058-8118-0"><bdi>978-1-4058-8118-0</bdi></a>. <q>the former boxer Muhammad Ali pronounces ɑːˈliː</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ali&rft.btitle=Longman+Pronunciation+Dictionary&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Longman&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-4058-8118-0&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=John+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeter2016" class="citation web cs1">Peter, Josh (July 11, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/boxing/2016/07/11/muhammad-ali-name-change-cassius-clay/86956544/">"Why Muhammad Ali never legally changed name from Cassius Clay"</a>. USA Today. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711220529/http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/boxing/2016/07/11/muhammad-ali-name-change-cassius-clay/86956544/">Archived</a> from the original on July 11, 2016. Retrieved July 12, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Why+Muhammad+Ali+never+legally+changed+name+from+Cassius+Clay&rft.date=2016-07-11&rft.aulast=Peter&rft.aufirst=Josh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fsports%2Fboxing%2F2016%2F07%2F11%2Fmuhammad-ali-name-change-cassius-clay%2F86956544%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-greatath-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-greatath_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-greatath_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-greatath_4-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-greatath_4-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-greatath_4-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-greatath_4-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-greatath_4-6">g</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2002" class="citation book cs1">Johnson, Rafer (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TnIAPwAACAAJ">Great Athletes</a>. Vol. 1 (revised ed.). Salem Press. pp. 38–41. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58765-008-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58765-008-6"><bdi>978-1-58765-008-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223020/https://books.google.com/books?id=TnIAPwAACAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Great+Athletes&rft.pages=38-41&rft.edition=revised&rft.pub=Salem+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-58765-008-6&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Rafer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTnIAPwAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB32F2545452CEB&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM">"Barber Can Relax Hair"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Philadelphia_Inquirer" title="The Philadelphia Inquirer">The Philadelphia Inquirer</a>. October 15, 1997. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025011348/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB32F2545452CEB&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM">Archived</a> from the original on October 25, 2012. Retrieved September 4, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philadelphia+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Barber+Can+Relax+Hair&rft.date=1997-10-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnl.newsbank.com%2Fnl-search%2Fwe%2FArchives%3Fp_product%3DPI%26s_site%3Dphilly%26p_multi%3DPI%26p_theme%3Drealcities%26p_action%3Dsearch%26p_maxdocs%3D200%26p_topdoc%3D1%26p_text_direct-0%3D0EB32F2545452CEB%26p_field_direct-0%3Ddocument_id%26p_perpage%3D10%26p_sort%3DYMD_date%3AD%26s_trackval%3DGooglePM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Timesobit-6"><a href="#cite_ref-Timesobit_6-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CEFDA1230F933A25751C0A966958260">"Cassius Marcellus Clay Sr., Former Champion's Father, 77"</a>. The New York Times. Associated Press. February 10, 1990. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223019/https://www.nytimes.com/1990/02/10/obituaries/cassius-marcellus-clay-sr-former-champion-s-father-77.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2023. Retrieved September 4, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Cassius+Marcellus+Clay+Sr.%2C+Former+Champion%27s+Father%2C+77&rft.date=1990-02-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Ffullpage.html%3Fres%3D9C0CEFDA1230F933A25751C0A966958260&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEgerton1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Egerton_(journalist)" title="John Egerton (journalist)">Egerton, John</a> (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=O6YFLYjAgcQC&pg=PA134">Shades of Gray: Dispatches from the Modern South</a>. <a href="/wiki/LSU_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="LSU Press">LSU Press</a>. p. 134. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8071-1705-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8071-1705-7"><bdi>978-0-8071-1705-7</bdi></a>. Retrieved June 24, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shades+of+Gray%3A+Dispatches+from+the+Modern+South&rft.pages=134&rft.pub=LSU+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-8071-1705-7&rft.aulast=Egerton&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DO6YFLYjAgcQC%26pg%3DPA134&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Great-grandfather_emigrated_from_Ennis,_County_Clare,_Ireland-8"><a href="#cite_ref-Great-grandfather_emigrated_from_Ennis,_County_Clare,_Ireland_8-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36452554">"Muhammad Ali: Boxer's ancestral Irish town pays tribute after death"</a>. BBC. June 4, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160607080346/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36452554">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2016. Retrieved June 4, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+Boxer%27s+ancestral+Irish+town+pays+tribute+after+death&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2016-06-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-36452554&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/boxing/1810535.stm">"Ali has Irish ancestry"</a>. BBC News. February 9, 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090607104040/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/boxing/1810535.stm">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2009. Retrieved August 5, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Ali+has+Irish+ancestry&rft.date=2002-02-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fsport2%2Fhi%2Fboxing%2F1810535.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReitwiesner" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Addams_Reitwiesner" title="William Addams Reitwiesner">Reitwiesner, Williams Addams</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wargs.com/other/ali.html">"Ancestry of Muhammad Ali"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071022045918/http://wargs.com/other/ali.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 22, 2007. Retrieved May 1, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ancestry+of+Muhammad+Ali&rft.aulast=Reitwiesner&rft.aufirst=Williams+Addams&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wargs.com%2Fother%2Fali.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishcentral.com/roots/muhammad-ali-irish-roots">"Muhammad Ali's Irish roots"</a>. IrishCentral.com. June 3, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221222211528/https://www.irishcentral.com/roots/muhammad-ali-irish-roots">Archived</a> from the original on December 22, 2022. Retrieved February 14, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IrishCentral.com&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%27s+Irish+roots&rft.date=2020-06-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishcentral.com%2Froots%2Fmuhammad-ali-irish-roots&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36452554">"Muhammad Ali: Boxer's ancestral Irish town pays tribute after death"</a>. BBC News. June 4, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180727152023/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36452554">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2018. Retrieved June 22, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+Boxer%27s+ancestral+Irish+town+pays+tribute+after+death&rft.date=2016-06-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-36452554&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/2018/10/02/dna-evidence-links-muhammad-ali-heroic-slave-family-says/">"DNA evidence links Muhammad Ali to heroic slave, family says"</a>. Washington Post. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190404082516/https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/2018/10/02/dna-evidence-links-muhammad-ali-heroic-slave-family-says/">Archived</a> from the original on April 4, 2019. Retrieved October 3, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=DNA+evidence+links+Muhammad+Ali+to+heroic+slave%2C+family+says&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fsports%2F2018%2F10%2F02%2Fdna-evidence-links-muhammad-ali-heroic-slave-family-says%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hauser_2004_p14-14"><a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_2004_p14_14-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHauser2004">Hauser 2004</a>, p. 14 </li> <li id="cite_note-Eig-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Eig_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Eig_15-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEig2017" class="citation book cs1">Eig, Jonathan (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JzjeDQAAQBAJ">Ali: A Life: Shortlisted for the William Hill Sports Book of the Year 2017</a>. <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4711-5596-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4711-5596-3"><bdi>978-1-4711-5596-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223021/https://books.google.com/books?id=JzjeDQAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2023. 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Gilder Lehrman Institute. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160608035157/http://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/civil-rights-movement/essays/importance-muhammad-ali">Archived</a> from the original on June 8, 2016. 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Retrieved June 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U-T+San+Diego&rft.atitle=Archie+Moore+was+the+KO+king&rft.date=2014-11-17&rft.aulast=Calkins&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sandiegouniontribune.com%2Fnews%2F2014%2Fnov%2F17%2Farchie-moore-the52-boxing-heavyweight%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrantz2008" class="citation book cs1">Krantz, Les (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mgDK3q6GWI8C">Ali in Action: The Man, the Moves, the Mouth</a>. Globe Pequot. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59921-302-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59921-302-6"><bdi>978-1-59921-302-6</bdi></a>. Retrieved June 15, 2016 – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ali+in+Action%3A+The+Man%2C+the+Moves%2C+the+Mouth&rft.pub=Globe+Pequot&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-59921-302-6&rft.aulast=Krantz&rft.aufirst=Les&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmgDK3q6GWI8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVelin2016" class="citation news cs1">Velin, Bob (June 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/2016/06/04/muhammad-ali-fight-by-fight-career/85341622/">"Fight by fight: Muhammad Ali's legendary career"</a>. <a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160615060046/http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/2016/06/04/muhammad-ali-fight-by-fight-career/85341622/">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2016. Retrieved June 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Fight+by+fight%3A+Muhammad+Ali%27s+legendary+career&rft.date=2016-06-04&rft.aulast=Velin&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fsports%2F2016%2F06%2F04%2Fmuhammad-ali-fight-by-fight-career%2F85341622%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mee-29"><a href="#cite_ref-Mee_29-0">^</a> Bob Mee, Ali and Liston: The Boy Who Would Be King and the Ugly Bear, 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-SI-30"><a href="#cite_ref-SI_30-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCapouya2005" class="citation magazine cs1">Capouya, John (December 12, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110603232105/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1114630/index.htm">"King Strut"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1114630/index.htm">the original</a> on June 3, 2011. Retrieved March 14, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=King+Strut&rft.date=2005-12-12&rft.aulast=Capouya&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsportsillustrated.cnn.com%2Fvault%2Farticle%2Fmagazine%2FMAG1114630%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-georgali-31"><a href="#cite_ref-georgali_31-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurkholder2016" class="citation news cs1">Burkholder, Denny (June 6, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbssports.com/general/news/how-muhammad-alis-fascination-with-pro-wrestling-fueled-his-career-inspired-mma/">"How Muhammad Ali's fascination with pro wrestling fueled his career, inspired MMA"</a>. CBS Sports. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220807202007/https://www.cbssports.com/general/news/how-muhammad-alis-fascination-with-pro-wrestling-fueled-his-career-inspired-mma/">Archived</a> from the original on August 7, 2022. Retrieved October 2, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+Sports&rft.atitle=How+Muhammad+Ali%27s+fascination+with+pro+wrestling+fueled+his+career%2C+inspired+MMA&rft.date=2016-06-06&rft.aulast=Burkholder&rft.aufirst=Denny&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbssports.com%2Fgeneral%2Fnews%2Fhow-muhammad-alis-fascination-with-pro-wrestling-fueled-his-career-inspired-mma%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIrusta2012" class="citation news cs1">Irusta, Carlos (January 17, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/7470417/muhammad-ali-was-continues-greatest">"Dundee: Ali was, still is 'The Greatest'"</a>. ESPN. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120119214342/http://espn.go.com/boxing/story/_/id/7470417/muhammad-ali-was-continues-greatest">Archived</a> from the original on January 19, 2012. Retrieved January 17, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ESPN&rft.atitle=Dundee%3A+Ali+was%2C+still+is+%27The+Greatest%27&rft.date=2012-01-17&rft.aulast=Irusta&rft.aufirst=Carlos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fboxing%2Fstory%2F_%2Fid%2F7470417%2Fmuhammad-ali-was-continues-greatest&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaygood2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wil_Haygood" title="Wil Haygood">Haygood, Wil</a> (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q_nfLUMzlM0C&pg=PA378">Sweet Thunder: The Life and Times of Sugar Ray Robinson</a>. <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Review_Press" title="Chicago Review Press">Chicago Review Press</a>. p. 378. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56976-864-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56976-864-8"><bdi>978-1-56976-864-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223022/https://books.google.com/books?id=Q_nfLUMzlM0C&pg=PA378#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2023. Retrieved June 24, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sweet+Thunder%3A+The+Life+and+Times+of+Sugar+Ray+Robinson&rft.pages=378&rft.pub=Chicago+Review+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-56976-864-8&rft.aulast=Haygood&rft.aufirst=Wil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ_nfLUMzlM0C%26pg%3DPA378&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Liston-34">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Liston_34-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Liston_34-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Liston_34-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLipsyte1964" class="citation news cs1">Lipsyte, Robert (February 26, 1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/books/98/10/25/specials/ali-upset.html">"Clay Wins Title in Seventh-Round Upset As Liston Is Halted by Shoulder Injury"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090410085134/http://www.nytimes.com/books/98/10/25/specials/ali-upset.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 10, 2009. Retrieved December 27, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Clay+Wins+Title+in+Seventh-Round+Upset+As+Liston+Is+Halted+by+Shoulder+Injury&rft.date=1964-02-26&rft.aulast=Lipsyte&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fbooks%2F98%2F10%2F25%2Fspecials%2Fali-upset.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRemnick2014" class="citation book cs1">Remnick, David (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vkvoAgAAQBAJ&dq=%22Liston+even+smells+like+a+bear%22&pg=PA147">King of the World: Muhammad Ali and the Rise of an American Hero</a>. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 147. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780804173629" title="Special:BookSources/9780804173629"><bdi>9780804173629</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231215224259/https://books.google.com/books?id=vkvoAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA147&dq=%22Liston+even+smells+like+a+bear%22">Archived</a> from the original on December 15, 2023. Retrieved April 23, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=King+of+the+World%3A+Muhammad+Ali+and+the+Rise+of+an+American+Hero&rft.pages=147&rft.pub=Knopf+Doubleday+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9780804173629&rft.aulast=Remnick&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvkvoAgAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522Liston%2Beven%2Bsmells%2Blike%2Ba%2Bbear%2522%26pg%3DPA147&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSugar2003" class="citation book cs1">Sugar, Bert Randolph (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=R8hivgAACAAJ">Bert Sugar on Boxing: The Best of the Sport's Most Notable Writer</a>. Globe Pequot. p. 196. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59228-048-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59228-048-3"><bdi>978-1-59228-048-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231103145011/https://books.google.com/books?id=R8hivgAACAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on November 3, 2023. Retrieved November 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bert+Sugar+on+Boxing%3A+The+Best+of+the+Sport%27s+Most+Notable+Writer&rft.pages=196&rft.pub=Globe+Pequot&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-59228-048-3&rft.aulast=Sugar&rft.aufirst=Bert+Randolph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DR8hivgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> McLeod, Kembrew, Pranksters: Making Mischief in the Modern World, pp. 223–224. </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W4IKMX-5JLk">Cassius Clay versus Sonny Liston</a>. Theatre Network Television. <a href="/wiki/ESPN_Classic" title="ESPN Classic">ESPN Classic</a>. February 25, 1964. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181203100534/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W4IKMX-5JLk">Archived</a> from the original on December 3, 2018. Retrieved November 2, 2023 – via kumite27 (YouTube).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cassius+Clay+versus+Sonny+Liston&rft.pub=ESPN+Classic&rft.date=1964-02-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DW4IKMX-5JLk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCuddy1964" class="citation news cs1">Cuddy, Jack (November 14, 1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/9544811/the_bridgeport_telegram/">"Clay Undergoes Surgery; Fight Is Off Indefinitely"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Bridgeport_Telegram" class="mw-redirect" title="The Bridgeport Telegram">The Bridgeport Telegram</a>. p. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170315174456/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/9544811/the_bridgeport_telegram/">Archived</a> from the original on March 15, 2017. Retrieved March 14, 2017 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Bridgeport+Telegram&rft.atitle=Clay+Undergoes+Surgery%3B+Fight+Is+Off+Indefinitely&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1964-11-14&rft.aulast=Cuddy&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F9544811%2Fthe_bridgeport_telegram%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> <a href="/wiki/Open_access#Free_access" title="Free to read"><img alt="Free access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></a> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> Archived at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/NXYwb2C6Hec">Ghostarchive</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161006232427/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXYwb2C6Hec&gl=US&hl=en">Wayback Machine</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXYwb2C6Hec">"Muhammad Ali vs Sonny Liston I & II – Highlights (Ali Becomes World Champion & Phantom Punch Fight!)"</a>. YouTube. Retrieved June 20, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali+vs+Sonny+Liston+I+%26+II+%E2%80%93+Highlights+%28Ali+Becomes+World+Champion+%26+Phantom+Punch+Fight%21%29&rft.pub=YouTube&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DNXYwb2C6Hec&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson1992" class="citation news cs1">Anderson, Dave (January 16, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/16/sports/sports-of-the-times-on-his-50th-ali-is-still-the-greatest.html">"Sports of The Times; On His 50th, Ali Is Still 'The Greatest'"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131221075405/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/16/sports/sports-of-the-times-on-his-50th-ali-is-still-the-greatest.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 21, 2013. Retrieved January 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Sports+of+The+Times%3B+On+His+50th%2C+Ali+Is+Still+%27The+Greatest%27&rft.date=1992-01-16&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F01%2F16%2Fsports%2Fsports-of-the-times-on-his-50th-ali-is-still-the-greatest.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVachss2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Vachss" title="Andrew Vachss">Vachss, Andrew</a> (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vachss.com/only_child/index.html">Only Child</a>. Vintage. p. 89. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160527140026/http://www.vachss.com/only_child/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2016. Retrieved June 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Only+Child&rft.pages=89&rft.pub=Vintage&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Vachss&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vachss.com%2Fonly_child%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> Vachss further explains the way such a fix would have been engineered in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160716221347/http://www.twotrainsrunning.com/">Two Trains Running</a>. Pantheon. 2005. pp. 160–165, 233. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://twotrainsrunning.com/">the original</a> on July 16, 2016. Retrieved June 4, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Two+Trains+Running&rft.pages=160-165%2C+233&rft.pub=Pantheon&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftwotrainsrunning.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Belth-43">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Belth_43-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Belth_43-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBelth2012" class="citation web cs1">Belth, Alex (August 27, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171108100358/http://www.sportsonearth.com/article/37158310/">"Ali–Patterson: The Real Story"</a>. Sports on Earth. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sportsonearth.com/article/37158310/">the original</a> on November 8, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sports+on+Earth&rft.atitle=Ali%E2%80%93Patterson%3A+The+Real+Story&rft.date=2012-08-27&rft.aulast=Belth&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sportsonearth.com%2Farticle%2F37158310%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/muhammad-ali-points-to-the-cut-eye-sequence-when-he-again-news-photo/833299780">"Boxing – Muhammad Ali – Rank Cinema, Wardour Street, London"</a>. GettyImages. August 16, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220826144858/https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/muhammad-ali-points-to-the-cut-eye-sequence-when-he-again-news-photo/833299780">Archived</a> from the original on August 26, 2022. 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Retrieved May 20, 2023 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Asheville+Citizen&rft.atitle=Appeals+Could+Take+18+Months&rft.pages=11&rft.date=1967-04-29&rft.aulast=Kellum&rft.aufirst=B.+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fasheville-citizen-times-cassius-clay-tit%2F125005902%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReemstsma1999" class="citation book cs1">Reemstsma, Jean (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Hc9tZ7IfUTEC&q=more%2Bthan%2Ba%2Bchampion%2Bprime">More Than a Champion: The Style of Muhammad Ali</a>. New York: Vintage. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-375-70005-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-375-70005-7"><bdi>978-0-375-70005-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230117105540/https://books.google.com/books?id=Hc9tZ7IfUTEC&q=more+than+a+champion+prime">Archived</a> from the original on January 17, 2023. Retrieved March 14, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=More+Than+a+Champion%3A+The+Style+of+Muhammad+Ali&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Vintage&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-375-70005-7&rft.aulast=Reemstsma&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHc9tZ7IfUTEC%26q%3Dmore%252Bthan%252Ba%252Bchampion%252Bprime&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cleveland.com/sports/2012/06/gathering_of_stars.html">"Remembering Cleveland's Muhammad Ali Summit, 45 years later"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200722012500/https://www.cleveland.com/sports/2012/06/gathering_of_stars.html">Archived</a> July 22, 2020, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Branson Wright for <a href="/wiki/The_Plain_Dealer" title="The Plain Dealer">The Plain Dealer</a> via Cleveland.com, June 3, 2012. 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Retrieved March 15, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Conversation+with+Muhammad+Ali&rft.pub=WGBH%2C+Library+of+Congress%2C+American+Archive+of+Public+Broadcasting+%28WGBH+and+the+Library+of+Congress%29%2C+Boston%2C+MA+and+Washington%2C+DC.&rft.date=1968-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Famericanarchive.org%2Fcatalog%2Fcpb-aacip_15-59c5c0ps&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/403/698">"Cassius Marsellus CLAY, Jr. also known as Muhammad Ali, Petitioner, v. United States"</a>. 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Retrieved February 8, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LII+%2F+Legal+Information+Institute&rft.atitle=Cassius+Marsellus+CLAY%2C+Jr.+also+known+as+Muhammad+Ali%2C+Petitioner%2C+v.+United+States.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.law.cornell.edu%2Fsupremecourt%2Ftext%2F403%2F698&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930083637/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,919377-5,00.html">""The Greatest" Is Gone"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a>. February 27, 1978. p. 5. 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Law.cornell.edu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220620090024/https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/403/698">Archived</a> from the original on June 20, 2022. Retrieved November 5, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cassius+Marsellus+Clay%2C+Jr.+also+known+as+Muhammad+Ali%2C+Petitioner%2C+v.+United+States.+%26%23124%3B+LII+%2F+Legal+Information+Institute&rft.pub=Law.cornell.edu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.law.cornell.edu%2Fsupremecourt%2Ftext%2F403%2F698&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oyez.org/cases/1970-1979/1970/1970_783">"Clay v. 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Retrieved November 5, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Clay+v.+United+States+%26%23124%3B+The+Oyez+Project+at+IIT+Chicago-Kent+College+of+Law&rft.pub=Oyez.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oyez.org%2Fcases%2F1970-1979%2F1970%2F1970_783&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tv.cuny.edu/show/dayatnight/PR1010390">Day at Night: Muhammad Ali, legendary boxing champion</a>. <a href="/wiki/CUNY_TV" title="CUNY TV">CUNY TV</a>. February 19, 1974. Event occurs at 21:50. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308055658/https://tv.cuny.edu/show/dayatnight/PR1010390">Archived</a> from the original on March 8, 2021. 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Retrieved September 21, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=digital.wustl.edu&rft.atitle=Interview+with+Muhammad+Ali&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigital.wustl.edu%2Fe%2Feii%2Feiiweb%2Fali5427.0743.004marc_record_interviewer_process.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oprah.com/omagazine/oprah-talks-to-muhammad-ali_1/all">"Oprah Talks to Muhammad Ali"</a>. Oprah.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210421183956/https://www.oprah.com/omagazine/oprah-talks-to-muhammad-ali_1/all">Archived</a> from the original on April 21, 2021. Retrieved September 21, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oprah.com&rft.atitle=Oprah+Talks+to+Muhammad+Ali&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oprah.com%2Fomagazine%2Foprah-talks-to-muhammad-ali_1%2Fall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStar-Ledger2016" class="citation web cs1">Star-Ledger, Jerry Izenberg | For The (June 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nj.com/sports/2016/06/former_heavyweight_champ_muhammad_ali_dies_the_gre.html">"Why I called Muhammad Ali my friend"</a>. nj.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201123200706/https://www.nj.com/sports/2016/06/former_heavyweight_champ_muhammad_ali_dies_the_gre.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 23, 2020. Retrieved September 21, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nj.com&rft.atitle=Why+I+called+Muhammad+Ali+my+friend&rft.date=2016-06-04&rft.aulast=Star-Ledger&rft.aufirst=Jerry+Izenberg+%7C+For+The&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nj.com%2Fsports%2F2016%2F06%2Fformer_heavyweight_champ_muhammad_ali_dies_the_gre.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWolfson" class="citation web cs1">Wolfson, Andrew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/02/19/1968-project-muhammad-ali-vietnam-war/334759002/">"Muhammad Ali lost everything in opposing the Vietnam War. But in 1968, he triumphed"</a>. USA Today. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200810121610/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/02/19/1968-project-muhammad-ali-vietnam-war/334759002/">Archived</a> from the original on August 10, 2020. Retrieved September 21, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali+lost+everything+in+opposing+the+Vietnam+War.+But+in+1968%2C+he+triumphed&rft.aulast=Wolfson&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F2018%2F02%2F19%2F1968-project-muhammad-ali-vietnam-war%2F334759002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.wustl.edu/e/eii/eiiweb/abd5427.5952.001kareemabdul-jabbar.html">"Interview with Kareem Abdul-Jabbar"</a>. Digital.wustl.edu. March 3, 1989. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029193616/http://digital.wustl.edu/e/eii/eiiweb/abd5427.5952.001kareemabdul-jabbar.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 29, 2013. Retrieved November 5, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Interview+with+Kareem+Abdul-Jabbar&rft.pub=Digital.wustl.edu&rft.date=1989-03-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigital.wustl.edu%2Fe%2Feii%2Feiiweb%2Fabd5427.5952.001kareemabdul-jabbar.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-36450806">"Muhammad Ali: The man who changed his sport and his country"</a>. BBC. June 5, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190617171838/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-36450806">Archived</a> from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved June 22, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+The+man+who+changed+his+sport+and+his+country&rft.date=2016-06-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-us-canada-36450806&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ezra82-76">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra82_76-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra82_76-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEzra2009" class="citation book cs1">Ezra, Michael (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Gh3rtDyeSAIC&pg=PA82">"Muhammad Ali's Main Bout: African American Economic Power and the World Heavyweight Title"</a>. Muhammad Ali: The Making of an Icon. <a href="/wiki/Temple_University_Press" title="Temple University Press">Temple University Press</a>. p. 82. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59213-661-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59213-661-2"><bdi>978-1-59213-661-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223533/https://books.google.com/books?id=Gh3rtDyeSAIC&pg=PA82#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%27s+Main+Bout%3A+African+American+Economic+Power+and+the+World+Heavyweight+Title&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+The+Making+of+an+Icon&rft.pages=82&rft.pub=Temple+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-59213-661-2&rft.aulast=Ezra&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGh3rtDyeSAIC%26pg%3DPA82&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/7470417/muhammad-ali-was-continues-greatest">"Dundee: Ali was, still is 'The Greatest'"</a>. ESPN. January 17, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131014173453/http://espn.go.com/boxing/story/_/id/7470417/muhammad-ali-was-continues-greatest">Archived</a> from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved November 5, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ESPN&rft.atitle=Dundee%3A+Ali+was%2C+still+is+%27The+Greatest%27&rft.date=2012-01-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fboxing%2Fstory%2F_%2Fid%2F7470417%2Fmuhammad-ali-was-continues-greatest&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitcomb2016" class="citation news cs1">Whitcomb, Dan (June 5, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-people-ali-arum/former-ali-promoter-bob-arum-recalls-boxers-impact-on-society-idUSKCN0YR01R?mod=related&channelName=">"Former Ali promoter Bob Arum recalls boxer's impact on society"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200804082551/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-people-ali-arum/former-ali-promoter-bob-arum-recalls-boxers-impact-on-society-idUSKCN0YR01R?mod=related&channelName=">Archived</a> from the original on August 4, 2020. Retrieved April 24, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Former+Ali+promoter+Bob+Arum+recalls+boxer%27s+impact+on+society&rft.date=2016-06-05&rft.aulast=Whitcomb&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-people-ali-arum%2Fformer-ali-promoter-bob-arum-recalls-boxers-impact-on-society-idUSKCN0YR01R%3Fmod%3Drelated%26channelName%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rapold-79">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rapold_79-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rapold_79-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRapold2013" class="citation news cs1">Rapold, Nicolas (August 22, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/23/movies/trials-of-muhammad-ali-traces-alis-battle-over-vietnam.html">"One of His Biggest Fights Was Outside of the Ring"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160701132100/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/23/movies/trials-of-muhammad-ali-traces-alis-battle-over-vietnam.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 1, 2016. Retrieved August 29, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=One+of+His+Biggest+Fights+Was+Outside+of+the+Ring&rft.date=2013-08-22&rft.aulast=Rapold&rft.aufirst=Nicolas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F08%2F23%2Fmovies%2Ftrials-of-muhammad-ali-traces-alis-battle-over-vietnam.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZirin2016" class="citation magazine cs1">Zirin, Dave (June 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jacobinmag.com/2016/06/the-hidden-history-of-muhammad-ali/">"The Hidden History of Muhammad Ali"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jacobin_(magazine)" title="Jacobin (magazine)">Jacobin</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170224101145/https://www.jacobinmag.com/2016/06/the-hidden-history-of-muhammad-ali/">Archived</a> from the original on February 24, 2017. Retrieved April 17, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jacobin&rft.atitle=The+Hidden+History+of+Muhammad+Ali&rft.date=2016-06-04&rft.aulast=Zirin&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jacobinmag.com%2F2016%2F06%2Fthe-hidden-history-of-muhammad-ali%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-theguardian.com-81">^ <a href="#cite_ref-theguardian.com_81-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-theguardian.com_81-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPilkington2013" class="citation news cs1">Pilkington, Ed (September 26, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/26/nsa-surveillance-anti-vietnam-muhammad-ali-mlk">"Declassified NSA files show agency spied on Muhammad Ali and MLK"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130926154853/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/26/nsa-surveillance-anti-vietnam-muhammad-ali-mlk">Archived</a> from the original on September 26, 2013. Retrieved April 16, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Declassified+NSA+files+show+agency+spied+on+Muhammad+Ali+and+MLK&rft.date=2013-09-26&rft.aulast=Pilkington&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2013%2Fsep%2F26%2Fnsa-surveillance-anti-vietnam-muhammad-ali-mlk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMedsger2016" class="citation web cs1">Medsger, Betty (June 6, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theintercept.com/2016/06/06/in-1971-muhammad-ali-helped-undermine-the-fbis-illegal-spying-on-americans/">"In 1971, Muhammad Ali Helped Undermine the FBI's Illegal Spying on Americans"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Intercept" title="The Intercept">The Intercept</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170427235216/https://theintercept.com/2016/06/06/in-1971-muhammad-ali-helped-undermine-the-fbis-illegal-spying-on-americans/">Archived</a> from the original on April 27, 2017. Retrieved April 17, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Intercept&rft.atitle=In+1971%2C+Muhammad+Ali+Helped+Undermine+the+FBI%27s+Illegal+Spying+on+Americans&rft.date=2016-06-06&rft.aulast=Medsger&rft.aufirst=Betty&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheintercept.com%2F2016%2F06%2F06%2Fin-1971-muhammad-ali-helped-undermine-the-fbis-illegal-spying-on-americans%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/muhammad-ali-refuses-army-induction">"Muhammad Ali refuses Army induction"</a>. History. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201106163449/https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/muhammad-ali-refuses-army-induction">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=History&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali+refuses+Army+induction&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fthis-day-in-history%2Fmuhammad-ali-refuses-army-induction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlanton2016" class="citation web cs1">Glanton, Dahleen (June 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-muhammad-ali-chicago-20160604-story.html">"Muhammad Ali's exile years in Chicago: 'Learning about life'"</a>. Chicago Tribune. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201126200945/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-muhammad-ali-chicago-20160604-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 26, 2020. Retrieved December 1, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%27s+exile+years+in+Chicago%3A+%27Learning+about+life%27&rft.date=2016-06-04&rft.aulast=Glanton&rft.aufirst=Dahleen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2Fnews%2Fct-muhammad-ali-chicago-20160604-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTinsley2018" class="citation news cs1">Tinsley, Justin (January 17, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://andscape.com/features/muhammad-ali-birthday-what-if-he-had-never-existed/">"What if the Muhammad Ali we knew had never existed?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Andscape" title="Andscape">Andscape</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220817164712/https://andscape.com/features/muhammad-ali-birthday-what-if-he-had-never-existed/">Archived</a> from the original on August 17, 2022. Retrieved April 6, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Andscape&rft.atitle=What+if+the+Muhammad+Ali+we+knew+had+never+existed%3F&rft.date=2018-01-17&rft.aulast=Tinsley&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fandscape.com%2Ffeatures%2Fmuhammad-ali-birthday-what-if-he-had-never-existed%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/20780461/the-austin-american/">"Case of Muhammad Ali: The Ultimate Civil Disobedience"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Austin_American" class="mw-redirect" title="The Austin American">The Austin American</a>. May 3, 1967. p. 24. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210615132436/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/20780461/the-austin-american/">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2021. Retrieved April 6, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Austin+American&rft.atitle=Case+of+Muhammad+Ali%3A+The+Ultimate+Civil+Disobedience&rft.pages=24&rft.date=1967-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F20780461%2Fthe-austin-american%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xtsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA151">"Secret Honeymoon of the Champ: Muhammad Ali joins Muslim speaking tour with his wedding trip"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ebony_(magazine)" title="Ebony (magazine)">Ebony</a>. Vol. 23, no. 1. November 1967. pp. 146–151 (151). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223535/https://books.google.com/books?id=xtsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA151#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ebony&rft.atitle=Secret+Honeymoon+of+the+Champ%3A+Muhammad+Ali+joins+Muslim+speaking+tour+with+his+wedding+trip&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=146-151+%28151%29&rft.date=1967-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxtsDAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA151&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Enterprise_News_Sep_2009-88">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Enterprise_News_Sep_2009_88-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Enterprise_News_Sep_2009_88-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enterprisenews.com/article/20090901/News/309019646">"Ali vs. Marciano: Who wins?"</a>. The Enterprise. September 1, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160914161353/http://www.enterprisenews.com/article/20090901/News/309019646">Archived</a> from the original on September 14, 2016. Retrieved July 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Enterprise&rft.atitle=Ali+vs.+Marciano%3A+Who+wins%3F&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.enterprisenews.com%2Farticle%2F20090901%2FNews%2F309019646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Guardian_Nov_2012-89"><a href="#cite_ref-The_Guardian_Nov_2012_89-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2012/nov/13/forgotten-story-rocky-marciano-muhammad-ali">"The forgotten story of ... the Rocky Marciano v Muhammad Ali Super Fight"</a>. The Guardian. November 13, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230725193639/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2012/nov/13/forgotten-story-rocky-marciano-muhammad-ali">Archived</a> from the original on July 25, 2023. Retrieved July 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+forgotten+story+of+...+the+Rocky+Marciano+v+Muhammad+Ali+Super+Fight&rft.date=2012-11-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsport%2Fblog%2F2012%2Fnov%2F13%2Fforgotten-story-rocky-marciano-muhammad-ali&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bingham_218-90"><a href="#cite_ref-Bingham_218_90-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBinghamWallace2000" class="citation book cs1">Bingham, Howard; Wallace, Max (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muhammadalisgrea0000bing">Muhammad Ali's Greatest Fight: Cassius Clay vs. the United States of America</a>. M. Evans. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muhammadalisgrea0000bing/page/218">218</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87131-900-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87131-900-5"><bdi>978-0-87131-900-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%27s+Greatest+Fight%3A+Cassius+Clay+vs.+the+United+States+of+America&rft.pages=218&rft.pub=M.+Evans&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-87131-900-5&rft.aulast=Bingham&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft.au=Wallace%2C+Max&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmuhammadalisgrea0000bing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis2005" class="citation magazine cs1">Davis, David (October 1, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atlantamagazine.com/great-reads/knockout-oral-history-muhammad-ali-atlanta-fight-nobody-wanted/">"Knockout: An oral history of Muhammad Ali, Atlanta, and the fight nobody wanted"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_(magazine)" title="Atlanta (magazine)">Atlanta</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191031132439/https://www.atlantamagazine.com/great-reads/knockout-oral-history-muhammad-ali-atlanta-fight-nobody-wanted/">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2019. Retrieved October 13, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atlanta&rft.atitle=Knockout%3A+An+oral+history+of+Muhammad+Ali%2C+Atlanta%2C+and+the+fight+nobody+wanted&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.atlantamagazine.com%2Fgreat-reads%2Fknockout-oral-history-muhammad-ali-atlanta-fight-nobody-wanted%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cgnyrl-92"><a href="#cite_ref-cgnyrl_92-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://palmbeachpost.newspapers.com/image/132677737/?terms=%22Clay%2Bgranted%2BNew%2BYork%2Bring%2Blicense%22">"Clay granted New York ring license"</a>. The Palm Beach Post. Associated Press. September 15, 1970. p. B4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160912212056/http://palmbeachpost.newspapers.com/image/132677737/?terms=%22Clay%2Bgranted%2BNew%2BYork%2Bring%2Blicense%22">Archived</a> from the original on September 12, 2016. Retrieved June 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Palm+Beach+Post&rft.atitle=Clay+granted+New+York+ring+license&rft.pages=B4&rft.date=1970-09-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpalmbeachpost.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F132677737%2F%3Fterms%3D%2522Clay%252Bgranted%252BNew%252BYork%252Bring%252Blicense%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKang2013" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jay_Caspian_Kang" title="Jay Caspian Kang">Kang, Jay Caspian</a> (April 4, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.grantland.com/story/_/id/9123674/don-king-faces-end-career">"The End and Don King"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Grantland" title="Grantland">Grantland</a>. <a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130406192841/http://www.grantland.com/story/_/id/9123674/don-king-faces-end-career">Archived</a> from the original on April 6, 2013. Retrieved April 4, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Grantland&rft.atitle=The+End+and+Don+King&rft.date=2013-04-04&rft.aulast=Kang&rft.aufirst=Jay+Caspian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.grantland.com%2Fstory%2F_%2Fid%2F9123674%2Fdon-king-faces-end-career&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDougall2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_McDougall" title="Christopher McDougall">McDougall, Christopher</a> (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hEyOBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA149">The Best American Sports Writing 2014</a>. <a href="/wiki/Houghton_Mifflin_Harcourt" title="Houghton Mifflin Harcourt">Houghton Mifflin Harcourt</a>. p. 149. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-544-14700-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-544-14700-3"><bdi>978-0-544-14700-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231031224237/https://books.google.com/books?id=hEyOBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA149#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Best+American+Sports+Writing+2014&rft.pages=149&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin+Harcourt&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-544-14700-3&rft.aulast=McDougall&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhEyOBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA149&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeating2021" class="citation news cs1">Keating, Steve (March 5, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-boxing-anniversary-ali-frazier-idUKKCN2AX2IS">"Ali, Frazier 'Fight of the Century' still packs a punch 50 years on"</a>. Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210306181803/https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-boxing-anniversary-ali-frazier-idUKKCN2AX2IS">Archived</a> from the original on March 6, 2021. Retrieved March 16, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Ali%2C+Frazier+%27Fight+of+the+Century%27+still+packs+a+punch+50+years+on&rft.date=2021-03-05&rft.aulast=Keating&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fuk-boxing-anniversary-ali-frazier-idUKKCN2AX2IS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-01-15-sp-979-story.html">"Ali's Remark Ended Wilt's Ring Career"</a>. Los Angeles Times. January 15, 1989. Morning Briefing. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160603030813/http://articles.latimes.com/1989-01-15/sports/sp-979_1_wilt-s-ring-career">Archived</a> from the original on June 3, 2016. Retrieved February 20, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Ali%27s+Remark+Ended+Wilt%27s+Ring+Career&rft.pages=Morning+Briefing&rft.date=1989-01-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1989-01-15-sp-979-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Reilly2016" class="citation news cs1">O'Reilly, Terry (March 3, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/radio/undertheinfluence/achilles-heel-advertising-repositioning-the-competition-1.3473631">"Achilles Heel Advertising: Repositioning the Competition"</a>. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160328021008/http://www.cbc.ca/radio/undertheinfluence/achilles-heel-advertising-repositioning-the-competition-1.3473631">Archived</a> from the original on March 28, 2016. Retrieved August 30, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Achilles+Heel+Advertising%3A+Repositioning+the+Competition&rft.date=2016-03-03&rft.aulast=O%27Reilly&rft.aufirst=Terry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fradio%2Fundertheinfluence%2Fachilles-heel-advertising-repositioning-the-competition-1.3473631&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1971/07/27/archives/victor-at-220-12-in-command-of-houston-bout-ali-stops-ellis-using.html">"Victor, at 220½, in Command of Houston Bout"</a>. The New York Times. July 27, 1971. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220517044730/https://www.nytimes.com/1971/07/27/archives/victor-at-220-12-in-command-of-houston-bout-ali-stops-ellis-using.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Victor%2C+at+220%C2%BD%2C+in+Command+of+Houston+Bout&rft.date=1971-07-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1971%2F07%2F27%2Farchives%2Fvictor-at-220-12-in-command-of-houston-bout-ali-stops-ellis-using.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHissner2023" class="citation news cs1">Hissner, Ken (April 21, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxingnews24.com/2023/04/muhammad-ali-talks-about-his-relationship-with-elvis/">"Muhammad Ali Talks About His Relationship With Elvis!"</a>. Boxing News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240408071103/https://www.boxingnews24.com/2023/04/muhammad-ali-talks-about-his-relationship-with-elvis/">Archived</a> from the original on April 8, 2024. Retrieved April 8, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali+Talks+About+His+Relationship+With+Elvis%21&rft.date=2023-04-21&rft.aulast=Hissner&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxingnews24.com%2F2023%2F04%2Fmuhammad-ali-talks-about-his-relationship-with-elvis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Selbe-2020-100">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Selbe-2020_100-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Selbe-2020_100-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSelbe2020" class="citation magazine cs1">Selbe, Nick (March 31, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.si.com/boxing/2020/03/31/this-day-history-ken-norton-muhammad-ali-broken-jaw">"This Day in History: Ken Norton Breaks Muhammad Ali's Jaw"</a>. Sports Illustrated. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240408194759/https://www.si.com/boxing/2020/03/31/this-day-history-ken-norton-muhammad-ali-broken-jaw">Archived</a> from the original on April 8, 2024. Retrieved April 8, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=This+Day+in+History%3A+Ken+Norton+Breaks+Muhammad+Ali%27s+Jaw&rft.date=2020-03-31&rft.aulast=Selbe&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.si.com%2Fboxing%2F2020%2F03%2F31%2Fthis-day-history-ken-norton-muhammad-ali-broken-jaw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> Archived at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/1aGHpXt_hMc">Ghostarchive</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140202235829/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1aGHpXt_hMc">Wayback Machine</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1aGHpXt_hMc">"Muhammad Ali – The Rumble In The Jungle(Interview)"</a>. YouTube. March 22, 1967. Retrieved September 3, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali+%E2%80%93+The+Rumble+In+The+Jungle%28Interview%29&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=1967-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D1aGHpXt_hMc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> Archived at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/dGk0R63C0eM">Ghostarchive</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130317021119/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGk0R63C0eM">Wayback Machine</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGk0R63C0eM">"Muhammad Ali Inspirational Speech (Cassius Clay Boxing Motivation)"</a>. YouTube. September 14, 2012. Retrieved September 3, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali+Inspirational+Speech+%28Cassius+Clay+Boxing+Motivation%29&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=2012-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DdGk0R63C0eM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFForeman2012" class="citation magazine cs1">Foreman, George (January 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shortlist.com/entertainment/sport/george-foreman-on-ali">"George Foreman on why Muhammad Ali was so much more than a 'boxer'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ShortList" title="ShortList">ShortList</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160611144417/http://www.shortlist.com/entertainment/sport/george-foreman-on-ali">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2016. Retrieved June 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ShortList&rft.atitle=George+Foreman+on+why+Muhammad+Ali+was+so+much+more+than+a+%27boxer%27&rft.date=2012-01&rft.aulast=Foreman&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shortlist.com%2Fentertainment%2Fsport%2Fgeorge-foreman-on-ali&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Herald-104"><a href="#cite_ref-Herald_104-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee1974" class="citation news cs1">Lee, Bill (November 18, 1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240115100043/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-morning-herald/138782533/">"Zaire's fight promotion opens new gold mines"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Morning_Herald" class="mw-redirect" title="The Morning Herald">The Morning Herald</a>. p. 30. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-morning-herald/138782533/">the original</a> on January 15, 2024. Retrieved January 15, 2024 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Zaire%27s+fight+promotion+opens+new+gold+mines&rft.pages=30&rft.date=1974-11-18&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fthe-morning-herald%2F138782533%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/1030.html">"Ali Regains Title, Flooring Foreman"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. October 30, 1974. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210615140040/https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/1030.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2021. Retrieved June 7, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Ali+Regains+Title%2C+Flooring+Foreman&rft.date=1974-10-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.nytimes.com%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Flearning%2Fgeneral%2Fonthisday%2Fbig%2F1030.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-guardian-106"><a href="#cite_ref-guardian_106-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2014/oct/29/rumble-in-the-jungle-muhammad-ali-george-foreman-book-extract">"Rumble in the Jungle: the night Ali became King of the World again"</a>. The Guardian. October 29, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141029183605/http://www.theguardian.com/sport/2014/oct/29/rumble-in-the-jungle-muhammad-ali-george-foreman-book-extract">Archived</a> from the original on October 29, 2014. Retrieved October 29, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Rumble+in+the+Jungle%3A+the+night+Ali+became+King+of+the+World+again&rft.date=2014-10-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsport%2F2014%2Foct%2F29%2Frumble-in-the-jungle-muhammad-ali-george-foreman-book-extract&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-usatoday-107"><a href="#cite_ref-usatoday_107-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/boxing/2014/10/29/muhammad-ali-george-foreman-rumble-in-the-jungle-40th-anniversary/18097587/">"Revisiting 'The Rumble in the Jungle' 40 years later"</a>. <a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a>. October 29, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211101103836/https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/boxing/2014/10/29/muhammad-ali-george-foreman-rumble-in-the-jungle-40th-anniversary/18097587/">Archived</a> from the original on November 1, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Revisiting+%27The+Rumble+in+the+Jungle%27+40+years+later&rft.date=2014-10-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fsports%2Fboxing%2F2014%2F10%2F29%2Fmuhammad-ali-george-foreman-rumble-in-the-jungle-40th-anniversary%2F18097587%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-jet-108"><a href="#cite_ref-jet_108-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fTkDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA46">"Mike Tyson May Fight George Foreman In Biggest Money Match: $80 Million"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jet_(magazine)" title="Jet (magazine)">Jet</a>. Vol. 88, no. 19. September 18, 1995. p. 46. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231031224046/https://books.google.com/books?id=fTkDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jet&rft.atitle=Mike+Tyson+May+Fight+George+Foreman+In+Biggest+Money+Match%3A+%2480+Million&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=19&rft.pages=46&rft.date=1995-09-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfTkDAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA46&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-briefly-109">^ <a href="#cite_ref-briefly_109-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-briefly_109-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGitonga2023" class="citation news cs1">Gitonga, Ruth (February 7, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://briefly.co.za/facts-lifehacks/top/152256-most-watched-television-events-world-top-20-list-ranked/">"Most-watched television events in the world ever: Top 20 list ranked"</a>. briefly.co.za. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230314153340/https://briefly.co.za/facts-lifehacks/top/152256-most-watched-television-events-world-top-20-list-ranked/">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved November 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=briefly.co.za&rft.atitle=Most-watched+television+events+in+the+world+ever%3A+Top+20+list+ranked&rft.date=2023-02-07&rft.aulast=Gitonga&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbriefly.co.za%2Ffacts-lifehacks%2Ftop%2F152256-most-watched-television-events-world-top-20-list-ranked%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneiderman2006" class="citation web cs1">Schneiderman, R. M. (August 10, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/2006/08/10/rocky-stallone-settlement-cx_rs_0810autofacescan04.html#34f600e166bd">"Stallone Settles With The 'Real' Rocky"</a>. Forbes. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231031224107/https://e.infogram.com/_/PGbi4jGUl7iSfajoEZwo?referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2F2006%2F08%2F10%2Frocky-stallone-settlement-cx_rs_0810autofacescan04.html%3Fsh%3D29658a0a66bd&src=embed#34f600e166bd">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2023. Retrieved October 16, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Stallone+Settles+With+The+%27Real%27+Rocky&rft.date=2006-08-10&rft.aulast=Schneiderman&rft.aufirst=R.+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2F2006%2F08%2F10%2Frocky-stallone-settlement-cx_rs_0810autofacescan04.html%2334f600e166bd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlaine_Henry2019" class="citation web cs1">Blaine Henry (May 18, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fight-library.com/2019/05/28/history-lesson-thrilla-in-manila/">"History Lesson: Thrilla in Manila"</a>. Fight-Library.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191031065245/https://fight-library.com/2019/05/28/history-lesson-thrilla-in-manila/">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2019. Retrieved March 4, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+Lesson%3A+Thrilla+in+Manila&rft.pub=Fight-Library.com&rft.date=2019-05-18&rft.au=Blaine+Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffight-library.com%2F2019%2F05%2F28%2Fhistory-lesson-thrilla-in-manila%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MR0Wg_XDSoY">Muhammad Ali vs Jimmy Young ABC 1080p 60fps (1976)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230125232742/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MR0Wg_XDSoY">archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2023, retrieved January 25, 2023</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali+vs+Jimmy+Young+ABC+1080p+60fps+%281976%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DMR0Wg_XDSoY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190506223915/http://www.jhoonrhee.com/bio7.html">"Jhoon Rhee, Father of American Tae Kwon Do"</a>. jhoonrhee.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jhoonrhee.com/bio7.html">the original</a> on May 6, 2019. Retrieved May 1, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=jhoonrhee.com&rft.atitle=Jhoon+Rhee%2C+Father+of+American+Tae+Kwon+Do&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jhoonrhee.com%2Fbio7.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newspaperarchive.com/SiteMap/FreePdfPreview.aspx?img=110827611%3Fsec%3DSports">"Champion Ali Quits Boxing"</a>. The Paris News. October 1, 1976. p. 12. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120607021747/http://www.newspaperarchive.com/SiteMap/FreePdfPreview.aspx?img=110827611%3Fsec%3DSports">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2012. Retrieved October 19, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Paris+News&rft.atitle=Champion+Ali+Quits+Boxing&rft.pages=12&rft.date=1976-10-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspaperarchive.com%2FSiteMap%2FFreePdfPreview.aspx%3Fimg%3D110827611%253Fsec%253DSports&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Times-Picayune,_New_Orleans,_Peter_Finney's_column_from_1978-115"><a href="#cite_ref-Times-Picayune,_New_Orleans,_Peter_Finney's_column_from_1978_115-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/sports/index.ssf/2016/06/read_peter_finneys_column_from.html">Read Peter Finney's column on Ali vs. Spinks 2 at the Superdome in 1978</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180419053449/http://www.nola.com/sports/index.ssf/2016/06/read_peter_finneys_column_from.html">Archived</a> April 19, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The Times-Picayune NOLA.com (New Orleans, LA.), re-posted on June 4, 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> Muhammad Ali, The Glory Years, Felix Dennis and Don Atyeo, p. 258. </li> <li id="cite_note-RingsideReport.com,_Kevin_Kincade,_2016-117"><a href="#cite_ref-RingsideReport.com,_Kevin_Kincade,_2016_117-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ringsidereport.com/?p=63321">The Last Flight of the Butterfly: Remembering Ali vs Spinks II</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180419053533/http://ringsidereport.com/?p=63321">Archived</a> April 19, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, RingsideReport.com, Kevin "The Voice" Kincade, September 22, 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2012/12/21/us/muhammad-ali---fast-facts/">"Muhammad Ali Fast Facts"</a>. CNN. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130327055610/http://edition.cnn.com/2012/12/21/us/muhammad-ali---fast-facts">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2013. Retrieved February 20, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali+Fast+Facts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2012%2F12%2F21%2Fus%2Fmuhammad-ali---fast-facts%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LVSun_50-119"><a href="#cite_ref-LVSun_50_119-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoch" class="citation news cs1">Koch, Ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lasvegassun.com/muhammad-ali/timeline/">"Timeline: Fifty years of Las Vegas memories for Muhammad Ali"</a>. Las Vegas Sun. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131112134317/http://www.lasvegassun.com/muhammad-ali/timeline/">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2013. Retrieved November 12, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Las+Vegas+Sun&rft.atitle=Timeline%3A+Fifty+years+of+Las+Vegas+memories+for+Muhammad+Ali&rft.aulast=Koch&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lasvegassun.com%2Fmuhammad-ali%2Ftimeline%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarnes1980" class="citation news cs1">Barnes, Bart (October 15, 1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/1980/10/15/ali-faces-ring-suspension/20b7b27d-ce78-485e-9b10-399387218d5a/">"Ali Faces Ring Suspension"</a>. The Washington Post. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170828170407/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/1980/10/15/ali-faces-ring-suspension/20b7b27d-ce78-485e-9b10-399387218d5a/">Archived</a> from the original on August 28, 2017. Retrieved April 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Ali+Faces+Ring+Suspension&rft.date=1980-10-15&rft.aulast=Barnes&rft.aufirst=Bart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Fsports%2F1980%2F10%2F15%2Fali-faces-ring-suspension%2F20b7b27d-ce78-485e-9b10-399387218d5a%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEig2017" class="citation web cs1">Eig, Jonathan (September 30, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/failed-drug-test-was-sign-of-the-great-mans-decline-bcrwwbvnj">"Failed drug test was sign of the great man's decline"</a>. The Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221111191348/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/failed-drug-test-was-sign-of-the-great-mans-decline-bcrwwbvnj">Archived</a> from the original on November 11, 2022. Retrieved April 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Failed+drug+test+was+sign+of+the+great+man%27s+decline&rft.date=2017-09-30&rft.aulast=Eig&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Ffailed-drug-test-was-sign-of-the-great-mans-decline-bcrwwbvnj&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHale2009" class="citation news cs1">Hale, Mike (October 26, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/27/arts/television/27muhammad.html">"Boxing King Casts His Shadow, Even at Time of Defeat"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120310053609/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/27/arts/television/27muhammad.html?">Archived</a> from the original on March 10, 2012. Retrieved March 5, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Boxing+King+Casts+His+Shadow%2C+Even+at+Time+of+Defeat&rft.date=2009-10-26&rft.aulast=Hale&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F10%2F27%2Farts%2Ftelevision%2F27muhammad.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/sports/muhammad-ali-doctor-doubts-parkinsons-1.3619442">AP</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112024309/https://www.cbc.ca/sports/muhammad-ali-doctor-doubts-parkinsons-1.3619442">Archived</a> November 12, 2020, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> "Muhammad Ali's doctor doubts boxing led to Parkinson's", Associated Press via CBC, June 6. 2016. Retrieved September 1, 2018. </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes-124">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes_124-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes_124-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas1984" class="citation news cs1">Thomas, Robert McG. Jr. (September 20, 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1984/09/20/sports/change-in-drug-helps-ali-improve.html?sec=health">"Change In Drug Helps Ali Improve"</a>. The New York Times. pp. D–29. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130616101422/http://www.nytimes.com/1984/09/20/sports/change-in-drug-helps-ali-improve.html?sec=health">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2013. Retrieved March 9, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Change+In+Drug+Helps+Ali+Improve&rft.pages=D-29&rft.date=1984-09-20&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Robert+McG.+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1984%2F09%2F20%2Fsports%2Fchange-in-drug-helps-ali-improve.html%3Fsec%3Dhealth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1870&dat=19810816&id=9_EwAAAAIBAJ&pg=2603,113296&hl=en">"Ali to try again?"</a>. The Daytona Beach Sunday News-Journal. Associated Press. August 16, 1981. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210828083317/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1870&dat=19810816&id=9_EwAAAAIBAJ&pg=2603%2C113296&hl=en">Archived</a> from the original on August 28, 2021. Retrieved June 4, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daytona+Beach+Sunday+News-Journal&rft.atitle=Ali+to+try+again%3F&rft.date=1981-08-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D1870%26dat%3D19810816%26id%3D9_EwAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D2603%2C113296%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2199&dat=19811212&id=XKUyAAAAIBAJ&pg=3700,2405394&hl=en">"It's all over for Ali after loss"</a>. Lawrence Journal-World. Associated Press. December 12, 1981. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210929102632/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2199&dat=19811212&id=XKUyAAAAIBAJ&pg=3700,2405394&hl=en">Archived</a> from the original on September 29, 2021. Retrieved June 4, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lawrence+Journal-World&rft.atitle=It%27s+all+over+for+Ali+after+loss&rft.date=1981-12-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D2199%26dat%3D19811212%26id%3DXKUyAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D3700%2C2405394%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNack1981" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Nack" title="William Nack">Nack, William</a> (December 21, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.si.com/vault/1981/12/21/826243/not-with-a-bang-but-a-whisper-after-losing-to-trevor-berbick-a-subdued-muhammad-ali-softly-admitted-that-his-illustrious-career-had-come-to-an-end">"Not with a bang but a whisper"</a>. Sports Illustrated. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160609212952/http://www.si.com/vault/1981/12/21/826243/not-with-a-bang-but-a-whisper-after-losing-to-trevor-berbick-a-subdued-muhammad-ali-softly-admitted-that-his-illustrious-career-had-come-to-an-end">Archived</a> from the original on June 9, 2016. 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Retrieved November 6, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nbcmiami.com&rft.atitle=The+Secrets+of+Ali%3A+Former+Wife+of+Boxing+Champ+Tells+All&rft.date=2019-07-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcmiami.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fthe-secrets-of-ali-former-wife-of-boxing-champ-tells-all%2F126869%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L7QDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA38">"Muhammad Ali's Daughter, May May Ali, Writes Children's Book About His Boxing Career"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jet_(magazine)" title="Jet (magazine)">Jet</a>. Vol. 104, no. 24. 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Retrieved July 24, 2023 – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jet&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%27s+Daughter%2C+May+May+Ali%2C+Writes+Children%27s+Book+About+His+Boxing+Career&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=24&rft.pages=38-39&rft.date=2003-12-08&rft.issn=0021-5996&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL7QDAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA38&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nypost.com/2014/01/26/muhammad-alis-son-shut-off-dad-living-in-poverty-in-chicago/">"Muhammad Ali's son shut off from dad, living in poverty"</a>. 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Retrieved September 16, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Herald-Palladium&rft.atitle=When+Ali+was+King&rft.date=2018-09-16&rft.aulast=Brewer&rft.aufirst=Dale&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.heraldpalladium.com%2Fnews%2Fwhen-ali-was-king%2Farticle_b2f9f7b8-6988-57e1-a73f-78c2fdf67312.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShafer2007" class="citation news cs1">Shafer, Sheldon S. (January 25, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090325161651/http://www.greaterlouisville.com/content/community/FYI/pdf/files/ali%20will%20return%20home,%20buys%20louisville%20house.pdf">"Ali coming home, buys house in Jefferson County"</a> (PDF). The Courier-Journal. 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Retrieved June 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Mirror&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%27s+secret+daughter+begs+to+see+boxing+legend+one+more+time+%27before+he+dies%27&rft.date=2014-09-13&rft.aulast=Bucktin&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mirror.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-news%2Fmuhammad-alis-secret-daughter-begs-4256662&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOfori-Mensah2016" class="citation web cs1">Ofori-Mensah (June 5, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://omgvoice.com/news/kiiursti-mensah-ali/">"6 Facts About Kiiursti Mensah Ali, Muhammed Ali's Ghanaian Daughter You Need To Know (sic)"</a>. omgvoice.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160606123844/http://omgvoice.com/news/kiiursti-mensah-ali/">Archived</a> from the original on June 6, 2016. Retrieved June 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=6+Facts+About+Kiiursti+Mensah+Ali%2C+Muhammed+Ali%27s+Ghanaian+Daughter+You+Need+To+Know+%28sic%29&rft.pub=omgvoice.com&rft.date=2016-06-05&rft.au=Ofori-Mensah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fomgvoice.com%2Fnews%2Fkiiursti-mensah-ali%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFosterAllen2016" class="citation news cs1">Foster, Peter; Allen, Nick (June 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/06/04/muhammad-alis-tangled-love-life-leaves-troubled-legacy/">"Muhammad Ali's tangled love life leaves troubled legacy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/06/04/muhammad-alis-tangled-love-life-leaves-troubled-legacy/">Archived</a> from the original on January 10, 2022. Retrieved June 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%27s+tangled+love+life+leaves+troubled+legacy&rft.date=2016-06-04&rft.aulast=Foster&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Allen%2C+Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2016%2F06%2F04%2Fmuhammad-alis-tangled-love-life-leaves-troubled-legacy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.express.co.uk/celebrity-news/157579/Ali-s-alleged-lovechild-talks-to-tabloids">"Ali's alleged lovechild talks to tabloids"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="The Daily Express">The Daily Express</a>. February 11, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161019012508/http://www.express.co.uk/celebrity-news/157579/Ali-s-alleged-lovechild-talks-to-tabloids">Archived</a> from the original on October 19, 2016. Retrieved October 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Express&rft.atitle=Ali%27s+alleged+lovechild+talks+to+tabloids&rft.date=2010-02-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.express.co.uk%2Fcelebrity-news%2F157579%2FAli-s-alleged-lovechild-talks-to-tabloids&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upi.com/Archives/1981/04/24/An-18-year-old-woman-has-filed-suit-seeking-3-million/3454356936400/">"An 18-year-old woman has filed suit seeking $3 million ..."</a> United Press International. April 24, 1981. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180528052011/https://www.upi.com/Archives/1981/04/24/An-18-year-old-woman-has-filed-suit-seeking-3-million/3454356936400/">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2018. Retrieved May 27, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=United+Press+International&rft.atitle=An+18-year-old+woman+has+filed+suit+seeking+%243+million+...&rft.date=1981-04-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FArchives%2F1981%2F04%2F24%2FAn-18-year-old-woman-has-filed-suit-seeking-3-million%2F3454356936400%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161019000108/http://www.allcourtdata.com/law/case/williams-v-ali/cw3BaicI?page=1">"Temica Williams a/k/a Rebecca Jean Holloway, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Muhammad Ali, Defendant-Appellee"</a>. All Court Data. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allcourtdata.com/law/case/williams-v-ali/cw3BaicI?page=1">the original</a> on October 19, 2016. Retrieved October 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=All+Court+Data&rft.atitle=Temica+Williams+a%2Fk%2Fa+Rebecca+Jean+Holloway%2C+Plaintiff-Appellant%2C+v.+Muhammad+Ali%2C+Defendant-Appellee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allcourtdata.com%2Flaw%2Fcase%2Fwilliams-v-ali%2Fcw3BaicI%3Fpage%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEig2017" class="citation book cs1">Eig, Jonathan (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JzjeDQAAQBAJ&q=veronica%2Beveryone%2Bin%2Bthe%2Bcamp%2Bgirl%2Bveronica%2Btemica%2Bali&pg=PR55">Ali: A Life: Shortlisted for the William Hill Sports Book of the Year 2017</a>. Simon & Schuster UK. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4711-5596-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4711-5596-3"><bdi>978-1-4711-5596-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230724230538/https://books.google.com/books?id=JzjeDQAAQBAJ&pg=PR55&q=veronica%2Beveryone%2Bin%2Bthe%2Bcamp%2Bgirl%2Bveronica%2Btemica%2Bali">Archived</a> from the original on July 24, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ali%3A+A+Life%3A+Shortlisted+for+the+William+Hill+Sports+Book+of+the+Year+2017&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster+UK&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-4711-5596-3&rft.aulast=Eig&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJzjeDQAAQBAJ%26q%3Dveronica%252Beveryone%252Bin%252Bthe%252Bcamp%252Bgirl%252Bveronica%252Btemica%252Bali%26pg%3DPR55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEig2017" class="citation book cs1">Eig, Jonathan (2017). Ali: A Life. London: Simon & Schuster. p. 416. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4711-5593-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4711-5593-2"><bdi>978-1-4711-5593-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/968294310">968294310</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ali%3A+A+Life&rft.place=London&rft.pages=416&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F968294310&rft.isbn=978-1-4711-5593-2&rft.aulast=Eig&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ringtv.com/518783-ali-life-biography-thats-not-greatest/">"'Ali: A Life': A biography that's not The Greatest – The Ring"</a>. The Ring. September 29, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210517164140/https://www.ringtv.com/518783-ali-life-biography-thats-not-greatest/">Archived</a> from the original on May 17, 2021. Retrieved September 6, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Ring&rft.atitle=%27Ali%3A+A+Life%27%3A+A+biography+that%27s+not+The+Greatest+%E2%80%93+The+Ring&rft.date=2017-09-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ringtv.com%2F518783-ali-life-biography-thats-not-greatest%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guardian_Mitchell-181">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_Mitchell_181-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_Mitchell_181-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMitchell2016" class="citation news cs1">Mitchell, Kevin (June 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2016/jun/04/muhammad-ali-key-chapters">"From the Vietnam war to Islam – the key chapters in Ali's life"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202190150/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2016/jun/04/muhammad-ali-key-chapters">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2018. Retrieved June 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=From+the+Vietnam+war+to+Islam+%E2%80%93+the+key+chapters+in+Ali%27s+life&rft.date=2016-06-04&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsport%2F2016%2Fjun%2F04%2Fmuhammad-ali-key-chapters&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1144&dat=19640207&id=XF4bAAAAIBAJ&pg=5091,2145696">"Muslim Charge Clams Up Clay"</a>. The Pittsburgh Press. February 7, 1964. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210828083315/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1144&dat=19640207&id=XF4bAAAAIBAJ&pg=5091%2C2145696">Archived</a> from the original on August 28, 2021. Retrieved September 7, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Pittsburgh+Press&rft.atitle=Muslim+Charge+Clams+Up+Clay&rft.date=1964-02-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D1144%26dat%3D19640207%26id%3DXF4bAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5091%2C2145696&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchwartz" class="citation news cs1">Schwartz, Larry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/sportscentury/features/00014063.html">"He is simply ... The Greatest"</a>. ESPN. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813160258/http://www.espn.com/sportscentury/features/00014063.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 13, 2018. Retrieved March 4, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ESPN&rft.atitle=He+is+simply+...+The+Greatest&rft.aulast=Schwartz&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fsportscentury%2Ffeatures%2F00014063.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteinberg2016" class="citation news cs1">Steinberg, Neil (June 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chicago.suntimes.com/sports/steinberg-for-a-time-ali-called-chicago-home">"For a time, Ali called Chicago home"</a>. Chicago Sun-Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160605203256/http://chicago.suntimes.com/sports/steinberg-for-a-time-ali-called-chicago-home/">Archived</a> from the original on June 5, 2016. Retrieved June 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Sun-Times&rft.atitle=For+a+time%2C+Ali+called+Chicago+home&rft.date=2016-06-04&rft.aulast=Steinberg&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchicago.suntimes.com%2Fsports%2Fsteinberg-for-a-time-ali-called-chicago-home&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Name_origin-185">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Name_origin_185-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Name_origin_185-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p014mvdx">"History website, Muhammad Ali: "Cassius Clay is my slave name""</a>. BBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130628071251/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p014mvdx">Archived</a> from the original on June 28, 2013. Retrieved July 2, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+website%2C+Muhammad+Ali%3A+%22Cassius+Clay+is+my+slave+name%22&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fprogrammes%2Fp014mvdx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGonzalez2016" class="citation web cs1">Gonzalez, Susan (June 9, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yale.edu/2016/06/09/muhammad-ali-originally-named-ardent-abolitionist-and-yale-alumnus-cassius-clay">"Muhammad Ali originally named for ardent abolitionist and Yale alumnus Cassius Clay"</a>. Yale News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191214192245/https://news.yale.edu/2016/06/09/muhammad-ali-originally-named-ardent-abolitionist-and-yale-alumnus-cassius-clay">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2019. Retrieved August 17, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yale+News&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali+originally+named+for+ardent+abolitionist+and+Yale+alumnus+Cassius+Clay&rft.date=2016-06-09&rft.aulast=Gonzalez&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yale.edu%2F2016%2F06%2F09%2Fmuhammad-ali-originally-named-ardent-abolitionist-and-yale-alumnus-cassius-clay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Heritage-187"><a href="#cite_ref-Heritage_187-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/98/10/25/specials/ali-heritage.html?_r=1">"Heritage of a Heavyweight"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210615135238/https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/98/10/25/specials/ali-heritage.html?_r=1">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Heritage+of+a+Heavyweight&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.nytimes.com%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fbooks%2F98%2F10%2F25%2Fspecials%2Fali-heritage.html%3F_r%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.9news.com.au/world/2016/06/05/06/23/muhammad-ali-s-other-fight-for-civil-rights">"'I am America': Muhammad Ali's fight for civil rights"</a>. 9News. Australia. Agence France-Presse. June 5, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160605101019/http://www.9news.com.au/world/2016/06/05/06/23/muhammad-ali-s-other-fight-for-civil-rights">Archived</a> from the original on June 5, 2016. Retrieved June 4, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=9News&rft.atitle=%27I+am+America%27%3A+Muhammad+Ali%27s+fight+for+civil+rights&rft.date=2016-06-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.9news.com.au%2Fworld%2F2016%2F06%2F05%2F06%2F23%2Fmuhammad-ali-s-other-fight-for-civil-rights&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Times64-03-09-189"><a href="#cite_ref-Times64-03-09_189-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHandler1964" class="citation news cs1">Handler, M. S. (March 9, 1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9F07E6DA1230E033A2575AC0A9659C946591D6CF">"Malcolm X Splits with Muhammad"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140720070810/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9F07E6DA1230E033A2575AC0A9659C946591D6CF">Archived</a> from the original on July 20, 2014. Retrieved August 1, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Malcolm+X+Splits+with+Muhammad&rft.date=1964-03-09&rft.aulast=Handler&rft.aufirst=M.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3D9F07E6DA1230E033A2575AC0A9659C946591D6CF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988">(subscription required) </li> <li id="cite_note-National_Review_Feb_2016-190"><a href="#cite_ref-National_Review_Feb_2016_190-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalreview.com/nrd/articles/431161/champ-and-mr-x">"The Champ and Mr. X"</a>. National Review. February 29, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180201205952/https://www.nationalreview.com/nrd/articles/431161/champ-and-mr-x">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Review&rft.atitle=The+Champ+and+Mr.+X&rft.date=2016-02-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalreview.com%2Fnrd%2Farticles%2F431161%2Fchamp-and-mr-x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Soul_of_a_Butterfly-191">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Soul_of_a_Butterfly_191-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Soul_of_a_Butterfly_191-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAliAli2004" class="citation book cs1">Ali, Muhammad; Ali, Hana Yasmeen (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=h6G-Cy5c0GgC">The Soul of a Butterfly: Reflections on Life's Journey</a>. <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-6286-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-6286-6"><bdi>978-0-7432-6286-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231031224605/https://books.google.com/books?id=h6G-Cy5c0GgC">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2023. 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April 28, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161119182246/http://edition.cnn.com/2016/04/28/sport/muhammad-ali-five-things-boxing/">Archived</a> from the original on November 19, 2016. 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Retrieved December 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Beliefnet&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%27s+New+Spiritual+Quest&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.beliefnet.com%2Ffaiths%2Fislam%2F2005%2F02%2Fmuhammad-alis-new-spiritual-quest.aspx%3F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Timothy_Gianotti_-_The_Imam_whose_on_Muhammad_Ali's_last_days_and_funeral-205"><a href="#cite_ref-Timothy_Gianotti_-_The_Imam_whose_on_Muhammad_Ali's_last_days_and_funeral_205-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uwaterloo.ca/studies-in-islam/people-profiles/timothy-gianotti-0">"Timothy Gianotti – The Imam whose on Muhammad Ali's last days and funeral"</a>. <a href="/wiki/On_Being" title="On Being">On Being</a>. June 9, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170927115036/https://uwaterloo.ca/studies-in-islam/people-profiles/timothy-gianotti-0">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2017. Retrieved December 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=On+Being&rft.atitle=Timothy+Gianotti+%E2%80%93+The+Imam+whose+on+Muhammad+Ali%27s+last+days+and+funeral&rft.date=2016-06-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuwaterloo.ca%2Fstudies-in-islam%2Fpeople-profiles%2Ftimothy-gianotti-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Prof._Gianotti_plans_Muhammad_Ali's_funeral_and_memorial_service-206"><a href="#cite_ref-Prof._Gianotti_plans_Muhammad_Ali's_funeral_and_memorial_service_206-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uwaterloo.ca/studies-in-islam/news/prof-gianotti-plans-muhammad-alis-funeral-and-memorial">"Prof. Gianotti plans Muhammad Ali's funeral and memorial service"</a>. <a href="/wiki/On_Being" title="On Being">On Being</a>. June 9, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170927114950/https://uwaterloo.ca/studies-in-islam/news/prof-gianotti-plans-muhammad-alis-funeral-and-memorial">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2017. Retrieved December 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=On+Being&rft.atitle=Prof.+Gianotti+plans+Muhammad+Ali%27s+funeral+and+memorial+service&rft.date=2016-06-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuwaterloo.ca%2Fstudies-in-islam%2Fnews%2Fprof-gianotti-plans-muhammad-alis-funeral-and-memorial&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRemnick2014" class="citation book cs1">Remnick, David (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vkvoAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA93">King of the World: Muhammad Ali and the Rise of an American Hero</a>. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 93. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780804173629" title="Special:BookSources/9780804173629"><bdi>9780804173629</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240523004012/https://books.google.com/books?id=vkvoAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA93#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on May 23, 2024. Retrieved May 9, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=King+of+the+World%3A+Muhammad+Ali+and+the+Rise+of+an+American+Hero&rft.pages=93&rft.pub=Knopf+Doubleday+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9780804173629&rft.aulast=Remnick&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvkvoAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA93&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-208"><a href="#cite_ref-208">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRemnick2014" class="citation book cs1">Remnick, David (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vkvoAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA135">King of the World: Muhammad Ali and the Rise of an American Hero</a>. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 135. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780804173629" title="Special:BookSources/9780804173629"><bdi>9780804173629</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240523004014/https://books.google.com/books?id=vkvoAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA135#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on May 23, 2024. Retrieved May 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=King+of+the+World%3A+Muhammad+Ali+and+the+Rise+of+an+American+Hero&rft.pages=135&rft.pub=Knopf+Doubleday+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9780804173629&rft.aulast=Remnick&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvkvoAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA135&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><a href="#cite_ref-209">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLanger2019" class="citation news cs1">Langer, Adam (November 28, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/28/theater/muhammad-ali-broadway-buck-white.html">"Muhammad Ali in a Broadway Musical? It Happened"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200725024740/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/28/theater/muhammad-ali-broadway-buck-white.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 25, 2020. Retrieved December 6, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali+in+a+Broadway+Musical%3F+It+Happened&rft.date=2019-11-28&rft.aulast=Langer&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F11%2F28%2Ftheater%2Fmuhammad-ali-broadway-buck-white.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/buck-white-3305">"Buck White"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IBDB" class="mw-redirect" title="IBDB">IBDB</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220509051557/https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/buck-white-3305">Archived</a> from the original on May 9, 2022. Retrieved May 9, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Buck+White&rft.pub=IBDB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibdb.com%2Fbroadway-production%2Fbuck-white-3305&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><a href="#cite_ref-211">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCartwright2020" class="citation web cs1">Cartwright, Keith Ryan (February 3, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://andscape.com/features/black-rodeo-cowboys-paraded-through-harlem-with-muhammad-ali/">"When black cowboys paraded through Harlem with Muhammad Ali"</a>. Andscape. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240222082345/https://andscape.com/features/black-rodeo-cowboys-paraded-through-harlem-with-muhammad-ali/">Archived</a> from the original on February 22, 2024. Retrieved June 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Andscape&rft.atitle=When+black+cowboys+paraded+through+Harlem+with+Muhammad+Ali&rft.date=2020-02-03&rft.aulast=Cartwright&rft.aufirst=Keith+Ryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fandscape.com%2Ffeatures%2Fblack-rodeo-cowboys-paraded-through-harlem-with-muhammad-ali%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cp-212">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cp_212-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cp_212-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAliDurham1975" class="citation book cs1">Ali, Muhammad; Durham, Richard (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EkfhAAAAMAAJ">The Greatest: My Own Story</a>. New York: Random House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-394-46268-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-394-46268-4"><bdi>978-0-394-46268-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1622063">1622063</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231031224607/https://books.google.com/books?id=EkfhAAAAMAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Greatest%3A+My+Own+Story&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=1975&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1622063&rft.isbn=978-0-394-46268-4&rft.aulast=Ali&rft.aufirst=Muhammad&rft.au=Durham%2C+Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEkfhAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0079173/">"Freedom Road"</a>. Imdb. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211107204929/https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0079173/">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2021. Retrieved November 7, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Imdb&rft.atitle=Freedom+Road&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt0079173%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><a href="#cite_ref-214">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/boxing/2016/06/03/muhammad-ali-best-quotes-boxing/85370850/">"30 of Muhammad Ali's best quotes"</a>. USA Today. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190419002853/https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/boxing/2016/06/03/muhammad-ali-best-quotes-boxing/85370850/">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2019. Retrieved April 19, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=30+of+Muhammad+Ali%27s+best+quotes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fsports%2Fboxing%2F2016%2F06%2F03%2Fmuhammad-ali-best-quotes-boxing%2F85370850%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131022125127/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rTlN6pU01K0">"Song Stand By Me, recorded in 1964 by Muhammad Ali, then known as Cassius Clay"</a>. YouTube. December 13, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rTlN6pU01K0">the original</a> on October 22, 2013. Retrieved February 20, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Song+Stand+By+Me%2C+recorded+in+1964+by+Muhammad+Ali%2C+then+known+as+Cassius+Clay&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=2008-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DrTlN6pU01K0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><a href="#cite_ref-216">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.secondhandsongs.com/performance/80810">"Different versions of 'Stand By Me'"</a>. Secondhandsongs.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121104015634/http://www.secondhandsongs.com/performance/80810">Archived</a> from the original on November 4, 2012. 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Retrieved July 16, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Andscape&rft.atitle=The+Grammy-nominated+Cassius+Clay&rft.date=2016-06-08&rft.aulast=Tinsley&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fandscape.com%2Ffeatures%2Fmuhammad-ali-i-am-the-greatest-album%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rollingstone-218"><a href="#cite_ref-rollingstone_218-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180515184644/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/muhammad-ali-worlds-greatest-boxer-was-also-hip-hop-pioneer-20160604">"Muhammad Ali: Famed Pugilist Was Also Hip-Hop Pioneer"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a>. June 4, 2016. 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Retrieved July 29, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali+returns+to+the+Olympic+stage%2C+once+again%2C+in+London&rft.date=2012-07-28&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Stan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2012%2F07%2F27%2Fsport%2Folympics-muhammad-ali%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-271"><a href="#cite_ref-271">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240115122421/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-age/138784393/">"Corporal Spinks, you're the greatest!"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Age" title="The Age">The Age</a>. February 17, 1978. 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June 7, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180511214757/https://www.nbcnews.com/business/business-news/muhammad-ali-s-name-likely-rake-cash-years-come-n587086">Archived</a> from the original on May 11, 2018. Retrieved May 11, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%27s+Name+Likely+to+Rake+in+the+Cash+for+Years+to+Come&rft.date=2016-06-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fbusiness%2Fbusiness-news%2Fmuhammad-ali-s-name-likely-rake-cash-years-come-n587086&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-277"><a href="#cite_ref-277">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2002/jan/17/boxing">"Ali's words speak for themselves"</a>. The Guardian. January 17, 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211021021743/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2002/jan/17/boxing">Archived</a> from the original on October 21, 2021. Retrieved October 20, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Ali%27s+words+speak+for+themselves&rft.date=2002-01-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsport%2F2002%2Fjan%2F17%2Fboxing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-278"><a href="#cite_ref-278">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuhammadAli2019" class="citation web cs1">@MuhammadAli (December 17, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/MuhammadAli/status/1206986377927094272">""I'm blessed and thankful to God that I understand he's trying me. This is a trial from God. He gave me this illness to remind me that I am not number one; He is." – #MuhammadAli reflecting on having Parkinson's disease. . #Giving #Strength #Blessed #God"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211020142206/https://twitter.com/muhammadali/status/1206986377927094272">Archived</a> from the original on October 20, 2021. 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Retrieved September 4, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali+dead%3A+Michael+J+Fox+pays+tribute+to+fellow+Parkinson%27s+sufferer+and+their+%27common+fight%27&rft.date=2016-06-05&rft.aulast=Bulman&rft.aufirst=May&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpeople%2Fmuhammad-ali-dead-michael-j-fox-tribute-parkinsons-disease-common-fight-a7066416.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-281"><a href="#cite_ref-281">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChasmar2013" class="citation news cs1">Chasmar, Jessica (February 3, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2013/feb/3/brother-muhammad-ali-could-be-dead-days/">"Brother: Muhammad Ali 'could be dead in days'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Times" title="The Washington Times">The Washington Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160905070418/http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2013/feb/3/brother-muhammad-ali-could-be-dead-days/">Archived</a> from the original on September 5, 2016. 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February 5, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131103204453/http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-400_162-57567369/muhammad-alis-daughter-father-watching-super-bowl-not-near-death/">Archived</a> from the original on November 3, 2013. Retrieved September 4, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%27s+daughter%3A+Father+watching+Super+Bowl%2C+not+near+death&rft.date=2013-02-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fmuhammad-alis-daughter-father-watching-super-bowl-not-near-death%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-283"><a href="#cite_ref-283">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141221093217/http://www.nujournal.com/page/content.detail/id/761659/Muhammad-Ali-hospitalized-with-pneumonia.html?isap=1&nav=5036">"Muhammad Ali hospitalized with pneumonia"</a>. The Journal. Associated Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nujournal.com/page/content.detail/id/761659/Muhammad-Ali-hospitalized-with-pneumonia.html?isap=1&nav=5036">the original</a> on December 21, 2014. Retrieved December 21, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali+hospitalized+with+pneumonia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nujournal.com%2Fpage%2Fcontent.detail%2Fid%2F761659%2FMuhammad-Ali-hospitalized-with-pneumonia.html%3Fisap%3D1%26nav%3D5036&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-284"><a href="#cite_ref-284">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBucktin2015" class="citation news cs1">Bucktin, Christopher (January 16, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/boxing/boxing-legend-muhammad-ali-intensive-4987518">"Boxing legend Muhammad Ali in hospital after being found 'unresponsive' at his home"</a>. 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Retrieved January 16, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Mirror&rft.atitle=Boxing+legend+Muhammad+Ali+in+hospital+after+being+found+%27unresponsive%27+at+his+home&rft.date=2015-01-16&rft.aulast=Bucktin&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mirror.co.uk%2Fsport%2Fboxing%2Fboxing-legend-muhammad-ali-intensive-4987518&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-285"><a href="#cite_ref-285">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150120224903/http://www.msn.com/en-us/news/sports/ali-out-of-hospital-in-time-for-73rd-birthday/ar-AA8g057?ocid=ansspafp11">"Ali out of hospital in time for 73rd birthday"</a>. MSN. 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Retrieved October 23, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=In+Their+Own+Words%3A+Eulogies+for+Muhammad+Ali&rft.date=2016-06-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F06%2F11%2Fsports%2Flonnie-billy-crystal-bill-clinton-eulogies-for-muhammad-ali.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-299"><a href="#cite_ref-299">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLitman2016" class="citation web cs1">Litman, Laken (June 10, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ftw.usatoday.com/2016/06/will-smith-mike-tyson-pallbearers-muhammad-ali-funeral">"Will Smith, Mike Tyson among those serving as pallbearers at Muhammad Ali's funeral"</a>. 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International Boxing Hall of Fame. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181017200549/http://www.ibhof.com/pages/about/inductees/modern/ali.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 17, 2018. Retrieved December 9, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Boxing+Hall+of+Fame&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibhof.com%2Fpages%2Fabout%2Finductees%2Fmodern%2Fali.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-305"><a href="#cite_ref-305">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fakty.ua/393919-mohammed-ali-boyalsya-letat-v-samolete-80-let-nazad-rodilsya-samyj-izvestnyj-v-mire-sportsmen">"Мохаммед Алі боявся літати: 80 років тому народився найвідоміший у світі спортсмен"</a> (in Ukrainian). <a href="/wiki/Fakty_i_Kommentarii" class="mw-redirect" title="Fakty i Kommentarii">Fakty i Kommentarii</a>. January 17, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220430113952/https://fakty.ua/393919-mohammed-ali-boyalsya-letat-v-samolete-80-let-nazad-rodilsya-samyj-izvestnyj-v-mire-sportsmen">Archived</a> from the original on April 30, 2022. Retrieved April 30, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4+%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%96+%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8F+%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%3A+80+%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2+%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8F+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D1%83+%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D1%96+%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD&rft.pub=Fakty+i+Kommentarii&rft.date=2022-01-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffakty.ua%2F393919-mohammed-ali-boyalsya-letat-v-samolete-80-let-nazad-rodilsya-samyj-izvestnyj-v-mire-sportsmen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-306"><a href="#cite_ref-306">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isport.ua/boxing/2589695-glavnye-sobytiya-desyatiletiya-boks">"Главные события десятилетия: бокс"</a>. isport.ua (in Russian). December 27, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210311033436/https://isport.ua/boxing/2589695-glavnye-sobytiya-desyatiletiya-boks">Archived</a> from the original on March 11, 2021. Retrieved February 21, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=isport.ua&rft.atitle=%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%3A+%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81&rft.date=2020-12-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fisport.ua%2Fboxing%2F2589695-glavnye-sobytiya-desyatiletiya-boks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-307"><a href="#cite_ref-307">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-people-ali-quotes-factbox-idUSKCN0YQ082">"Muhammad Ali, in his own words"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. June 4, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231005182311/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-people-ali-quotes-factbox-idUSKCN0YQ082">Archived</a> from the original on October 5, 2023. Retrieved September 17, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%2C+in+his+own+words&rft.date=2016-06-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-people-ali-quotes-factbox-idUSKCN0YQ082&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-308"><a href="#cite_ref-308">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140203151928/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KTr-p-Y4P00">"Muhammad Ali – press conference 1974"</a>. YouTube. September 26, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KTr-p-Y4P00">the original</a> on February 3, 2014. Retrieved November 5, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali+%E2%80%93+press+conference+1974&rft.date=2012-09-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DKTr-p-Y4P00&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-309"><a href="#cite_ref-309">^</a> Archived at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/JwPPM_vaNrI">Ghostarchive</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130227191902/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JwPPM_vaNrI&gl=US&hl=en">Wayback Machine</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JwPPM_vaNrI">"Muhammad Ali – Pre Liston Poetry & Highlights"</a>. YouTube. February 12, 2011. Retrieved November 5, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali+%E2%80%93+Pre+Liston+Poetry+%26+Highlights&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=2011-02-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DJwPPM_vaNrI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-310"><a href="#cite_ref-310">^</a> Archived at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/J6Hey54O6Qs">Ghostarchive</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120921032346/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J6Hey54O6Qs">Wayback Machine</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J6Hey54O6Qs">"Muhammad Ali Famous Interview After Defeating Foreman"</a>. YouTube. January 6, 2010. Retrieved November 5, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali+Famous+Interview+After+Defeating+Foreman&rft.date=2010-01-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DJ6Hey54O6Qs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-311"><a href="#cite_ref-311">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2016/jun/06/muhammad-ali-influence-rap-golden-age">"Muhammad Ali's influence ran deep through rap's golden age"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. June 6, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180515185532/https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2016/jun/06/muhammad-ali-influence-rap-golden-age">Archived</a> from the original on May 15, 2018. Retrieved May 15, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%27s+influence+ran+deep+through+rap%27s+golden+age&rft.date=2016-06-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmusic%2Fmusicblog%2F2016%2Fjun%2F06%2Fmuhammad-ali-influence-rap-golden-age&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-312"><a href="#cite_ref-312">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerry2016" class="citation web cs1">Berry, Ben (June 9, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thesource.com/2016/06/09/the-10-best-muhammad-ali-references-in-hip-hop/">"The 10 Best Muhammad Ali References In Hip Hop"</a>. The Source. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190419002903/http://thesource.com/2016/06/09/the-10-best-muhammad-ali-references-in-hip-hop/">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2019. Retrieved April 19, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Source&rft.atitle=The+10+Best+Muhammad+Ali+References+In+Hip+Hop&rft.date=2016-06-09&rft.aulast=Berry&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthesource.com%2F2016%2F06%2F09%2Fthe-10-best-muhammad-ali-references-in-hip-hop%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-313"><a href="#cite_ref-313">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://andscape.com/features/muhammad-ali-the-original-rapper/">"Muhammad Ali: The original rapper – Legendary emcee Chuck D of Public Enemy talks Ali's impact on hip-hop"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Andscape" title="Andscape">Andscape</a>. June 9, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220702051928/https://andscape.com/features/muhammad-ali-the-original-rapper/">Archived</a> from the original on July 2, 2022. Retrieved September 4, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Andscape&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+The+original+rapper+%E2%80%93+Legendary+emcee+Chuck+D+of+Public+Enemy+talks+Ali%27s+impact+on+hip-hop&rft.date=2016-06-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fandscape.com%2Ffeatures%2Fmuhammad-ali-the-original-rapper%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cbsnews-314">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cbsnews_314-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cbsnews_314-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jay-z-eminem-and-more-hip-hop-luminaries-remember-muhammad-ali/">"Jay Z, Eminem and more hip-hop luminaries remember Muhammad Ali"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a>. June 9, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160812105446/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/jay-z-eminem-and-more-hip-hop-luminaries-remember-muhammad-ali/">Archived</a> from the original on August 12, 2016. Retrieved September 4, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Jay+Z%2C+Eminem+and+more+hip-hop+luminaries+remember+Muhammad+Ali&rft.date=2016-06-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fjay-z-eminem-and-more-hip-hop-luminaries-remember-muhammad-ali%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-315"><a href="#cite_ref-315">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAubespin1978" class="citation news cs1">Aubespin, Mervin (September 22, 1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-courier-journal-muhammad-ali-receive/136552375/">"Louisville lets Ali know it's in his corner"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Courier-Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="The Courier-Journal">The Courier-Journal</a>. pp. 1, 3. Retrieved December 9, 2023 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Courier-Journal&rft.atitle=Louisville+lets+Ali+know+it%27s+in+his+corner&rft.pages=1%2C+3&rft.date=1978-09-22&rft.aulast=Aubespin&rft.aufirst=Mervin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fthe-courier-journal-muhammad-ali-receive%2F136552375%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-316"><a href="#cite_ref-316">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-courier-journal-louisville-mayor-sig/136553492/">"Mayor signs law naming street for Ali"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Courier-Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="The Courier-Journal">The Courier-Journal</a>. November 29, 1978. p. A2. Retrieved December 9, 2023 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Courier-Journal&rft.atitle=Mayor+signs+law+naming+street+for+Ali&rft.pages=A2&rft.date=1978-11-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fthe-courier-journal-louisville-mayor-sig%2F136553492%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hill-317">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hill_317-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hill_317-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHill2005" class="citation news cs1">Hill, Bob (November 19, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-courier-journal-growing-acceptance-o/136541417/">"Ali stirs conflicting emotions in hometown"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Courier-Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="The Courier-Journal">The Courier-Journal</a>. p. K5. Retrieved December 9, 2023 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Courier-Journal&rft.atitle=Ali+stirs+conflicting+emotions+in+hometown&rft.pages=K5&rft.date=2005-11-19&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fthe-courier-journal-growing-acceptance-o%2F136541417%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-318"><a href="#cite_ref-318">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaukas1978" class="citation news cs1">Kaukas, Dick (September 30, 1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-courier-journal-jcps-declines-to-ren/136542679/">"A decision goes against Muhammad Ali"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Courier-Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="The Courier-Journal">The Courier-Journal</a>. p. 9. Retrieved December 9, 2023 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Courier-Journal&rft.atitle=A+decision+goes+against+Muhammad+Ali&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1978-09-30&rft.aulast=Kaukas&rft.aufirst=Dick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fthe-courier-journal-jcps-declines-to-ren%2F136542679%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Coomes-319">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Coomes_319-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Coomes_319-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoomes2005" class="citation news cs1">Coomes, Mark (November 20, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-courier-journal-cost-size-and-gener/136568781/">"'The Greatest'; Party lifts curtain on a shining tribute to Ali"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Courier-Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="The Courier-Journal">The Courier-Journal</a>. p. A8. 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Retrieved December 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Playbill&rft.atitle=World+Premiere+Ali+Musical+to+Debut+in+Muhammad+Ali%27s+Hometown+of+Louisville%2C+Kentucky&rft.date=2023-04-18&rft.aulast=Putnam&rft.aufirst=Leah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplaybill.com%2Farticle%2Fworld-premiere-ali-musical-to-debut-in-muhammad-alis-hometown-of-louisville-kentucky&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-377"><a href="#cite_ref-377">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHorowitz2023" class="citation magazine cs1">Horowitz, Steven J. (October 25, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2023/music/news/q-tip-muhammad-ali-musical-music-producer-co-lyricist-1235768180/">"Q-Tip Joins Muhammad Ali Musical 'Ali' as Music Producer and Co-Lyricist"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a>. Retrieved December 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Q-Tip+Joins+Muhammad+Ali+Musical+%27Ali%27+as+Music+Producer+and+Co-Lyricist&rft.date=2023-10-25&rft.aulast=Horowitz&rft.aufirst=Steven+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2023%2Fmusic%2Fnews%2Fq-tip-muhammad-ali-musical-music-producer-co-lyricist-1235768180%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-378"><a href="#cite_ref-378">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJones2024" class="citation news cs1">Jones, Chris (July 10, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/2024/07/10/ali-will-premiere-in-chicago-a-broadway-bound-musical-about-muhammad-ali/">"'Ali' will premiere in Chicago, a Broadway-bound musical about Muhammad Ali"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a>. Retrieved September 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=%27Ali%27+will+premiere+in+Chicago%2C+a+Broadway-bound+musical+about+Muhammad+Ali&rft.date=2024-07-10&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2F2024%2F07%2F10%2Fali-will-premiere-in-chicago-a-broadway-bound-musical-about-muhammad-ali%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-379"><a href="#cite_ref-379">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/classic/s/Ali_record.html">"ESPN Classic – Muhammad Ali's ring record"</a>. espn.com. Retrieved July 6, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=espn.com&rft.atitle=ESPN+Classic+%E2%80%93+Muhammad+Ali%27s+ring+record&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fclassic%2Fs%2FAli_record.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHauser2004" class="citation book cs1">Hauser, Thomas (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7K6-AgAAQBAJ">Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times</a>. London: Robson Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86105-738-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86105-738-9"><bdi>978-1-86105-738-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/56645513">56645513</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+His+Life+and+Times&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Robson+Books&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F56645513&rft.isbn=978-1-86105-738-9&rft.aulast=Hauser&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7K6-AgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Online">Online</h3></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Muhammad-Ali-boxer">Muhammad Ali: American boxer</a>, in Encyclopædia Britannica Online, by Thomas Hauser, Adam Augustyn, Piyush Bhathya, Yamini Chauhan, John M. Cunningham, Richard Pallardy, Michael Ray, Emily Rodriguez, Surabhi Sinha, Amy Tikkanen, Grace Young and The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Muhammad_Ali" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Muhammad_Ali" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181112191859/http://muhammadali.com:80/">Official website</a> (November 2018 archive)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://boxrec.com/en/boxer/180">Boxing record for Muhammad Ali</a> from <a href="/wiki/BoxRec" title="BoxRec">BoxRec</a> (registration required) <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36107#P1967" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000738/">Muhammad Ali</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36107#P345" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wargs.com/other/ali.html">William Addams Reitwiesner Genealogical Services: Ancestry of Muhammad Ali</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vault.fbi.gov/muhammad-ali">FBI Records: The Vault – Muhammad Ali</a> at the <a href="/wiki/FBI" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI">FBI</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://texasarchive.org/2008_00185">Cassius Clay Guilty (1967)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas_Archive_of_the_Moving_Image" title="Texas Archive of the Moving Image">Texas Archive of the Moving Image</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teamusa.com/hall-of-fame/hall-of-fame-members/muhammad-ali">Muhammad Ali</a> at the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Olympic_%26_Paralympic_Hall_of_Fame" title="United States Olympic & Paralympic Hall of Fame">Team USA Hall of Fame</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230406005921/https://www.teamusa.org/Hall-of-Fame/Hall-of-Fame-Members/Muhammad-Ali">archive April 6, 2023</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://olympics.com/en/athletes/muhammad-ali-2">Muhammad Ali</a> at <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">Olympics.com</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36107#P5815" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/8643">Muhammad Ali</a> at <a href="/wiki/Olympedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympedia">Olympedia</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36107#P8286" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li></ul> Photo essays <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091021043816/http://www.life.com/image/first/in-gallery/22961/cassius-clay-before-he-was-ali">"Cassius Clay: Before He Was Ali"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Life_(magazine)" title="Life (magazine)">Life</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.life.com/image/first/in-gallery/22961/cassius-clay-before-he-was-ali">the original</a> on October 21, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life&rft.atitle=Cassius+Clay%3A+Before+He+Was+Ali&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.life.com%2Fimage%2Ffirst%2Fin-gallery%2F22961%2Fcassius-clay-before-he-was-ali&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBermanRonk2016" class="citation magazine cs1">Berman, Eliza; Ronk, Liz (June 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/3872023/muhammad-ali-dead-photos/">"Muhammad Ali's Life in Photos; From his time in the ring to his more playful side"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Life_(magazine)" title="Life (magazine)">Life</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160604052319/http://time.com/3872023/muhammad-ali-dead-photos/">Archived</a> from the original on June 4, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%27s+Life+in+Photos%3B+From+his+time+in+the+ring+to+his+more+playful+side&rft.date=2016-06-04&rft.aulast=Berman&rft.aufirst=Eliza&rft.au=Ronk%2C+Liz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F3872023%2Fmuhammad-ali-dead-photos%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #78FF78;"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Haakon_Magnus,_Crown_Prince_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Haakon Magnus, Crown Prince of Norway">Haakon Magnus, Crown Prince of Norway</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_have_lit_the_Olympic_Cauldron" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people who have lit the Olympic Cauldron">Final Olympic torchbearer</a> <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta 1996">Atlanta 1996</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Midori_Ito" title="Midori Ito">Midori Ito</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Rebollo" title="Antonio Rebollo">Antonio Rebollo</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_have_lit_the_Olympic_Cauldron" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people who have lit the Olympic Cauldron">Final Summer Olympic torchbearer</a> <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta 1996">Atlanta 1996</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Cathy_Freeman" title="Cathy Freeman">Cathy Freeman</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Muhammad_Ali" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Muhammad_Ali" title="Template:Muhammad Ali"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Muhammad_Ali" title="Template talk:Muhammad Ali"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Muhammad_Ali" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Muhammad Ali"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Muhammad_Ali" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Muhammad Ali</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali" title="Boxing career of Muhammad Ali">Fights</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics">Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Tunney_Hunsaker" title="Cassius Clay vs. Tunney Hunsaker">Clay vs. Hunsaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Herb_Siler" title="Cassius Clay vs. Herb Siler">Clay vs. Siler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Tony_Esperti" title="Cassius Clay vs. Tony Esperti">Clay vs. Esperti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Jim_Robinson" title="Cassius Clay vs. Jim Robinson">Clay vs. Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman" title="Cassius Clay vs. Donnie Fleeman">Clay vs. Fleeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Lamar_Clark" title="Cassius Clay vs. Lamar Clark">Clay vs. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Duke_Sabedong" title="Cassius Clay vs. Duke Sabedong">Clay vs. Sabedong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Alonzo_Johnson" title="Cassius Clay vs. Alonzo Johnson">Clay vs. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Alex_Miteff" title="Cassius Clay vs. Alex Miteff">Clay vs. Miteff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Willi_Besmanoff" title="Cassius Clay vs. Willi Besmanoff">Clay vs. Besmanoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Sonny_Banks" title="Cassius Clay vs. Sonny Banks">Clay vs. Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Don_Warner" title="Cassius Clay vs. Don Warner">Clay vs. Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._George_Logan" title="Cassius Clay vs. George Logan">Clay vs. Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Billy_Daniels" title="Cassius Clay vs. Billy Daniels">Clay vs. Daniels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Alejandro_Lavorante" title="Cassius Clay vs. Alejandro Lavorante">Clay vs. Lavorante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archie_Moore_vs._Cassius_Clay" title="Archie Moore vs. Cassius Clay">Moore vs. Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Charlie_Powell" title="Cassius Clay vs. Charlie Powell">Clay vs. Powell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Doug_Jones" title="Cassius Clay vs. Doug Jones">Clay vs. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Henry_Cooper" title="Cassius Clay vs. Henry Cooper">Clay vs. Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Liston_vs._Cassius_Clay" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay">Liston vs. Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Sonny_Liston" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston">Ali vs. Liston II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Floyd_Patterson" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson">Ali vs. Patterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._George_Chuvalo" title="Muhammad Ali vs. George Chuvalo">Ali vs. Chuvalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Henry_Cooper_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Henry Cooper II">Ali vs. Cooper II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Brian_London" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Brian London">Ali vs. London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Karl_Mildenberger" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Karl Mildenberger">Ali vs. Mildenberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Cleveland_Williams" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Cleveland Williams">Ali vs. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ernie_Terrell" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ernie Terrell">Ali vs. Terrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Zora_Folley" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Zora Folley">Ali vs. Folley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jerry_Quarry" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jerry Quarry">Ali vs. Quarry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Oscar_Bonavena" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Oscar Bonavena">Ali vs. Bonavena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fight_of_the_Century" title="Fight of the Century">Fight of the Century (Frazier vs. Ali I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jimmy_Ellis" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Ellis">Ali vs. Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Buster_Mathis" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Buster Mathis">Ali vs. Mathis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._J%C3%BCrgen_Blin" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jürgen Blin">Ali vs. Blin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Mac_Foster" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Mac Foster">Ali vs. M. Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._George_Chuvalo_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. George Chuvalo II">Ali vs. Chuvalo II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jerry_Quarry_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jerry Quarry II">Ali vs. Quarry II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Al_Lewis" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Al Lewis">Ali vs. Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Floyd_Patterson_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson II">Ali vs. Patterson II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Bob_Foster" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Bob Foster">Ali vs. B. Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Joe_Bugner" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner">Ali vs. Bugner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ken_Norton" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton">Ali vs. Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton_vs._Muhammad_Ali_II" title="Ken Norton vs. Muhammad Ali II">Norton vs. Ali II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Rudie_Lubbers" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Rudie Lubbers">Ali vs. Lubbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Joe_Frazier_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier II">Ali vs. Frazier II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle" title="The Rumble in the Jungle">The Rumble in the Jungle (Foreman vs. Ali)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Chuck_Wepner" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Chuck Wepner">Ali vs. Wepner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ron_Lyle" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ron Lyle">Ali vs. Lyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Joe_Bugner_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner II">Ali vs. Bugner II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrilla_in_Manila" title="Thrilla in Manila">Thrilla in Manila (Ali vs. Frazier III)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jean-Pierre_Coopman" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jean-Pierre Coopman">Ali vs. Coopman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jimmy_Young" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Young">Ali vs. Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Richard_Dunn" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Richard Dunn">Ali vs. Dunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ken_Norton_III" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton III">Ali vs. Norton III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Alfredo_Evangelista" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Alfredo Evangelista">Ali vs. Evangelista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Earnie_Shavers" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Earnie Shavers">Ali vs. Shavers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Leon_Spinks" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Leon Spinks">Ali vs. Spinks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Spinks_vs._Muhammad_Ali_II" title="Leon Spinks vs. Muhammad Ali II">Spinks vs. Ali II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Holmes_vs._Muhammad_Ali" title="Larry Holmes vs. Muhammad Ali">Holmes vs. Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Trevor_Berbick" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Trevor Berbick">Ali vs. Berbick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_in_media_and_popular_culture" title="Muhammad Ali in media and popular culture">Media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Greatest:_My_Own_Story" title="The Greatest: My Own Story">The Greatest: My Own Story</a> (1975 autobiography)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fight_(book)" title="The Fight (book)">The Fight</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali:_His_Life_and_Times" title="Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times">Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times</a> (1991 biography)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tao_of_Muhammad_Ali" title="The Tao of Muhammad Ali">The Tao of Muhammad Ali</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_the_World_(biography)" title="King of the World (biography)">King of the World</a> (1998 biography)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facing_Ali_(book)" title="Facing Ali (book)">Facing Ali</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali:_The_Glory_Years" title="Muhammad Ali: The Glory Years">Muhammad Ali: The Glory Years</a> (2002 biography)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Soul_of_a_Butterfly" title="The Soul of a Butterfly">The Soul of a Butterfly</a> (2004 autobiography)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Rounds_to_Glory" title="Twelve Rounds to Glory">Twelve Rounds to Glory</a> (2007 biography)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali:_A_Life" title="Ali: A Life">Ali: A Life</a> (2018 biography)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Documentaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Whicker%27s_World" title="Whicker's World">Whicker's World</a> (1967 episode)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A.k.a._Cassius_Clay" title="A.k.a. Cassius Clay">a.k.a. Cassius Clay</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/When_We_Were_Kings" title="When We Were Kings">When We Were Kings</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Round:_Chuvalo_vs._Ali" title="The Last Round: Chuvalo vs. Ali">The Last Round: Chuvalo vs. Ali</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facing_Ali" title="Facing Ali">Facing Ali</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/When_Ali_Came_to_Ireland" title="When Ali Came to Ireland">When Ali Came to Ireland</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Trials_of_Muhammad_Ali" title="The Trials of Muhammad Ali">The Trials of Muhammad Ali</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Am_Ali" title="I Am Ali">I Am Ali</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icons:_The_Greatest_Person_of_the_20th_Century" title="Icons: The Greatest Person of the 20th Century">Icons: The Greatest Person of the 20th Century</a> (2019 episode)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/What%27s_My_Name:_Muhammad_Ali" title="What's My Name: Muhammad Ali">What's My Name: Muhammad Ali</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_Brothers:_Malcolm_X_%26_Muhammad_Ali" title="Blood Brothers: Malcolm X & Muhammad Ali">Blood Brothers: Malcolm X & Muhammad Ali</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_(miniseries)" title="Muhammad Ali (miniseries)">Muhammad Ali</a> (2021 series)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other films and series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Requiem_for_a_Heavyweight_(film)" title="Requiem for a Heavyweight (film)">Requiem for a Heavyweight</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Super_Fight" title="The Super Fight">The Super Fight</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Greatest_(1977_film)" title="The Greatest (1977 film)">The Greatest</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Greatest:_The_Adventures_of_Muhammad_Ali" title="I Am the Greatest: The Adventures of Muhammad Ali">I Am the Greatest: The Adventures of Muhammad Ali</a> (1977 animated series)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_the_World_(film)" title="King of the World (film)">King of the World</a> (2000 TV film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali:_An_American_Hero" title="Ali: An American Hero">Ali: An American Hero</a> (2000 TV film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_(film)" title="Ali (film)">Ali</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali%27s_Greatest_Fight" title="Muhammad Ali's Greatest Fight">Muhammad Ali's Greatest Fight</a> (2013 TV film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Night_in_Miami..." title="One Night in Miami...">One Night in Miami...</a> (2020)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music and performance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Greatest_(Cassius_Clay_album)" title="I Am the Greatest (Cassius Clay album)">I Am the Greatest</a> (1963 album)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Black_Superman_(Muhammad_Ali)" title="Black Superman (Muhammad Ali)">Black Superman (Muhammad Ali)</a>" (1974 song)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Ali_and_His_Gang_vs._Mr._Tooth_Decay" title="The Adventures of Ali and His Gang vs. Mr. Tooth Decay">The Adventures of Ali and His Gang vs. Mr. Tooth Decay</a> (1976 album)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_(song)" title="Muhammad Ali (song)">Muhammad Ali</a>" (2001 song)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_World%27s_Greatest" title="The World's Greatest">The World's Greatest</a>" (2002 song)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Approaching_Ali" title="Approaching Ali">Approaching Ali</a> (2013 opera)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Night_in_Miami_(play)" title="One Night in Miami (play)">One Night in Miami</a> (2013 play)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comics and video games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superman_vs._Muhammad_Ali" title="Superman vs. Muhammad Ali">Superman vs. Muhammad Ali</a> (1978 comic book)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Heavyweight_Boxing" title="Muhammad Ali Heavyweight Boxing">Muhammad Ali Heavyweight Boxing</a> (1992 video game)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foes_of_Ali" title="Foes of Ali">Foes of Ali</a> (1995 video game)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Marcellus_Clay_Sr." title="Cassius Marcellus Clay Sr.">Cassius Marcellus Clay Sr. (father)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odessa_Grady_Clay" title="Odessa Grady Clay">Odessa Grady Clay (mother)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahaman_Ali" title="Rahaman Ali">Rahaman Ali (brother)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalilah_Ali" title="Khalilah Ali">Khalilah Ali (wife)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laila_Ali" title="Laila Ali">Laila Ali (daughter)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nico_Ali_Walsh" title="Nico Ali Walsh">Nico Ali Walsh (grandson)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Team and associates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Bodak" title="Chuck Bodak">Chuck Bodak (trainer, cutman)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Dundee" title="Angelo Dundee">Angelo Dundee (cornerman)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drew_Bundini_Brown" title="Drew Bundini Brown">Drew Bundini Brown (trainer, cornerman)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdie_Pacheco" title="Ferdie Pacheco">Ferdie Pacheco (personal physician, cornerman)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_E._Martin" title="Joe E. Martin">Joe E. Martin (first trainer)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archie_Moore" title="Archie Moore">Archie Moore (trainer)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Dillman" title="George Dillman">George Dillman (instructor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabir_Herbert_Muhammad" title="Jabir Herbert Muhammad">Jabir Herbert Muhammad (manager)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Sarria" title="Luis Sarria">Luis Sarria (trainer, cutman, masseur)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier (opponent, friend)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Durham" title="Richard Durham">Richard Durham (autobiography co-writer)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Memorials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Mall" title="Ali Mall">Ali Mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Boulevard" title="Muhammad Ali Boulevard">Muhammad Ali Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Center" title="Muhammad Ali Center">Muhammad Ali Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_Muhammad_Ali_International_Airport" title="Louisville Muhammad Ali International Airport">Louisville Muhammad Ali International Airport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clay_v._United_States" title="Clay v. United States">Clay v. United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Antonio_Inoki" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki">Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Boxing_Reform_Act" title="Muhammad Ali Boxing Reform Act">Muhammad Ali Boxing Reform Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_in_China" title="Muhammad Ali in China">Muhammad Ali in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_in_India" title="Muhammad Ali in India">Muhammad Ali in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_views_of_Muhammad_Ali" title="Religious views of Muhammad Ali">Religious views of Muhammad Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rope-a-dope" title="Rope-a-dope">Rope-a-dope</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Muhammad_Ali" title="Category:Muhammad Ali">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Awards_for_Muhammad_Ali" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Awards_for_Muhammad_Ali" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Awards for Muhammad Ali</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Olympic_boxing_champions_–_men&#039;s_light_heavyweight" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:gold;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Footer_Olympic_Champions_Boxing_Light_Heavyweight" title="Template:Footer Olympic Champions Boxing Light Heavyweight"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Footer_Olympic_Champions_Boxing_Light_Heavyweight" title="Template talk:Footer Olympic Champions Boxing Light Heavyweight"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Footer_Olympic_Champions_Boxing_Light_Heavyweight" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Footer Olympic Champions Boxing Light Heavyweight"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Olympic_boxing_champions_–_men&#039;s_light_heavyweight" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympic_medalists_in_boxing" title="List of Olympic medalists in boxing">Olympic boxing champions – men's light heavyweight</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>1920–1936: 160–175 lb (72.6–79.4 kg) · 1948: 73–80 kg · 1952–2012: 75–81 kg · 2016–2020: 76–81 kg</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1920_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1920</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Eagan" title="Eddie Eagan">Eddie Eagan</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1920_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1920 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1924_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1924</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Harry_Mitchell_(boxer)" title="Harry Mitchell (boxer)">Harry Mitchell</a> (<a href="/wiki/Great_Britain_at_the_1924_Summer_Olympics" title="Great Britain at the 1924 Summer Olympics">GBR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1928_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1928</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Argentina_%281861%E2%80%932010%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Argentina_%281861%E2%80%932010%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Argentina_%281861%E2%80%932010%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Argentina_%281861%E2%80%932010%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Argentina_%281861%E2%80%932010%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Argentina_%281861%E2%80%932010%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="784" data-file-height="504" /> <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_Avenda%C3%B1o" title="Víctor Avendaño">Víctor Avendaño</a> (<a href="/wiki/Argentina_at_the_1928_Summer_Olympics" title="Argentina at the 1928 Summer Olympics">ARG</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1932_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1932</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/David_Carstens" title="David Carstens">David Carstens</a> (<a href="/wiki/South_Africa_at_the_1932_Summer_Olympics" title="South Africa at the 1932 Summer Olympics">RSA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1936_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1936</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Michelot" title="Roger Michelot">Roger Michelot</a> (<a href="/wiki/France_at_the_1936_Summer_Olympics" title="France at the 1936 Summer Olympics">FRA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1948_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1948</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/George_Hunter_(boxer)" title="George Hunter (boxer)">George Hunter</a> (<a href="/wiki/South_Africa_at_the_1948_Summer_Olympics" title="South Africa at the 1948 Summer Olympics">RSA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1952_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1952</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Norvel_Lee" title="Norvel Lee">Norvel Lee</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1952_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1952 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1956</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Jim_Boyd_(boxer)" title="Jim Boyd (boxer)">Jim Boyd</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1956 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1960</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cassius Clay</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1960 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1964</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Cosimo_Pinto" title="Cosimo Pinto">Cosimo Pinto</a> (<a href="/wiki/Italy_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics" title="Italy at the 1964 Summer Olympics">ITA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1968_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1968</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Danas_Pozniakas" title="Danas Pozniakas">Danas Pozniakas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union_at_the_1968_Summer_Olympics" title="Soviet Union at the 1968 Summer Olympics">URS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1972</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Mate_Parlov" title="Mate Parlov">Mate Parlov</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics" title="Yugoslavia at the 1972 Summer Olympics">YUG</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1976_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1976</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Leon_Spinks" title="Leon Spinks">Leon Spinks</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1976_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1976 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1980_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1980 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1980</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Ka%C4%8Dar" title="Slobodan Kačar">Slobodan Kačar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia_at_the_1980_Summer_Olympics" title="Yugoslavia at the 1980 Summer Olympics">YUG</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1984</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Anton_Josipovi%C4%87" title="Anton Josipović">Anton Josipović</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics" title="Yugoslavia at the 1984 Summer Olympics">YUG</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1988_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1988</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Maynard_(boxer)" title="Andrew Maynard (boxer)">Andrew Maynard</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1988_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1988 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1992</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Torsten_May" title="Torsten May">Torsten May</a> (<a href="/wiki/Germany_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics" title="Germany at the 1992 Summer Olympics">GER</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1996</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%283-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%283-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%283-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Vassiliy_Jirov" title="Vassiliy Jirov">Vassiliy Jirov</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics" title="Kazakhstan at the 1996 Summer Olympics">KAZ</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_2000_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">2000</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Lebziak" title="Aleksandr Lebziak">Aleksandr Lebziak</a> (<a href="/wiki/Russia_at_the_2000_Summer_Olympics" title="Russia at the 2000 Summer Olympics">RUS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">2004</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Andre_Ward" title="Andre Ward">Andre Ward</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 2004 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">2008</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Xiaoping" title="Zhang Xiaoping">Zhang Xiaoping</a> (<a href="/wiki/China_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics" title="China at the 2008 Summer Olympics">CHN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's light heavyweight">2012</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Egor_Mekhontsev" title="Egor Mekhontsev">Egor Mekhontsev</a> (<a href="/wiki/Russia_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics" title="Russia at the 2012 Summer Olympics">RUS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's light heavyweight">2016</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Flag_of_Cuba_%283-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Cuba_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Flag_of_Cuba_%283-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Cuba_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Flag_of_Cuba_%283-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Cuba_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Julio_C%C3%A9sar_La_Cruz" title="Julio César La Cruz">Julio César La Cruz</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cuba_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics" title="Cuba at the 2016 Summer Olympics">CUB</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's light heavyweight">2020</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Flag_of_Cuba_%283-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Cuba_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Flag_of_Cuba_%283-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Cuba_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Flag_of_Cuba_%283-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Cuba_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Arlen_L%C3%B3pez" title="Arlen López">Arlen López</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cuba_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics" title="Cuba at the 2020 Summer Olympics">CUB</a>)</li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="BBC_Sports_Personality_World_Sport_Star_of_the_Year" style="width:{{{width}}};;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:BBC_Sports_Personality_World_Sport_Star_of_the_Year" title="Template:BBC Sports Personality World Sport Star of the Year"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BBC_Sports_Personality_World_Sport_Star_of_the_Year" title="Template talk:BBC Sports Personality World Sport Star of the Year"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:BBC_Sports_Personality_World_Sport_Star_of_the_Year" title="Special:EditPage/Template:BBC Sports Personality World Sport Star of the Year"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="BBC_Sports_Personality_World_Sport_Star_of_the_Year" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/BBC_Sports_Personality_World_Sport_Star_of_the_Year" title="BBC Sports Personality World Sport Star of the Year">BBC Sports Personality World Sport Star of the Year</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1960: <a href="/wiki/Herb_Elliott" title="Herb Elliott">Herb Elliott</a></li> <li>1961: <a href="/wiki/Valeriy_Brumel" title="Valeriy Brumel">Valeriy Brumel</a></li> <li>1962: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Jackson_(figure_skater)" title="Donald Jackson (figure skater)">Donald Jackson</a></li> <li>1963: <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Anquetil" title="Jacques Anquetil">Jacques Anquetil</a></li> <li>1964: <a href="/wiki/Abebe_Bikila" title="Abebe Bikila">Abebe Bikila</a></li> <li>1965: <a href="/wiki/Ron_Clarke" title="Ron Clarke">Ron Clarke</a> & <a href="/wiki/Gary_Player" title="Gary Player">Gary Player</a></li> <li>1966: <a href="/wiki/Eus%C3%A9bio" title="Eusébio">Eusébio</a> & <a href="/wiki/Garfield_Sobers" title="Garfield Sobers">Garfield Sobers</a></li> <li>1967: <a href="/wiki/George_Moore_(jockey)" title="George Moore (jockey)">George Moore</a></li> <li>1968: <a href="/wiki/Ludmila_Belousova" title="Ludmila Belousova">Ludmila Belousova</a> & <a href="/wiki/Oleg_Protopopov" title="Oleg Protopopov">Oleg Protopopov</a></li> <li>1969: <a href="/wiki/Rod_Laver" title="Rod Laver">Rod Laver</a></li> <li>1970: <a href="/wiki/Pel%C3%A9" title="Pelé">Pelé</a></li> <li>1971: <a href="/wiki/Lee_Trevino" title="Lee Trevino">Lee Trevino</a></li> <li>1972: <a href="/wiki/Olga_Korbut" title="Olga Korbut">Olga Korbut</a></li> <li>1973: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Muhammad Ali</a></li> <li>1974: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Muhammad Ali</a></li> <li>1975: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ashe" title="Arthur Ashe">Arthur Ashe</a></li> <li>1976: <a href="/wiki/Nadia_Com%C4%83neci" title="Nadia Comăneci">Nadia Comăneci</a></li> <li>1977: <a href="/wiki/Niki_Lauda" title="Niki Lauda">Niki Lauda</a></li> <li>1978: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Muhammad Ali</a></li> <li>1979: <a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rn_Borg" title="Björn Borg">Björn Borg</a></li> <li>1980: <a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicklaus" title="Jack Nicklaus">Jack Nicklaus</a></li> <li>1981: <a href="/wiki/Chris_Evert" title="Chris Evert">Chris Evert</a></li> <li>1982: <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Connors" title="Jimmy Connors">Jimmy Connors</a></li> <li>1983: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Lewis" title="Carl Lewis">Carl Lewis</a></li> <li>1984: <a href="/wiki/Seve_Ballesteros" title="Seve Ballesteros">Seve Ballesteros</a></li> <li>1985: <a href="/wiki/Boris_Becker" title="Boris Becker">Boris Becker</a></li> <li>1986: <a href="/wiki/Greg_Norman" title="Greg Norman">Greg Norman</a></li> <li>1987: <a href="/wiki/Martina_Navratilova" title="Martina Navratilova">Martina Navratilova</a></li> <li>1988: <a href="/wiki/Steffi_Graf" title="Steffi Graf">Steffi Graf</a></li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Tyson" title="Mike Tyson">Mike Tyson</a></li> <li>1990: <a href="/wiki/Mal_Meninga" title="Mal Meninga">Mal Meninga</a></li> <li>1991: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Powell_(long_jumper)" title="Mike Powell (long jumper)">Mike Powell</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/Andre_Agassi" title="Andre Agassi">Andre Agassi</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/Greg_Norman" title="Greg Norman">Greg Norman</a></li> <li>1994: <a href="/wiki/Brian_Lara" title="Brian Lara">Brian Lara</a></li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/Jonah_Lomu" title="Jonah Lomu">Jonah Lomu</a></li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/Evander_Holyfield" title="Evander Holyfield">Evander Holyfield</a> & <a href="/wiki/Michael_Johnson_(sprinter)" title="Michael Johnson (sprinter)">Michael Johnson</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/Martina_Hingis" title="Martina Hingis">Martina Hingis</a></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Mark_O%27Meara" title="Mark O'Meara">Mark O'Meara</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Greene_(sprinter)" title="Maurice Greene (sprinter)">Maurice Greene</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Tiger_Woods" title="Tiger Woods">Tiger Woods</a></li> <li>2001: <a href="/wiki/Goran_Ivani%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Goran Ivanišević">Goran Ivanišević</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/Ronaldo_(Brazilian_footballer)" title="Ronaldo (Brazilian footballer)">Ronaldo</a></li> <li>2003: <s><a href="/wiki/Lance_Armstrong" title="Lance Armstrong">Lance Armstrong</a></s></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Federer" title="Roger Federer">Roger Federer</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Shane_Warne" title="Shane Warne">Shane Warne</a></li> <li>2006: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Federer" title="Roger Federer">Roger Federer</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Federer" title="Roger Federer">Roger Federer</a></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/Usain_Bolt" title="Usain Bolt">Usain Bolt</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/Usain_Bolt" title="Usain Bolt">Usain Bolt</a></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Nadal" title="Rafael Nadal">Rafael Nadal</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/Novak_Djokovic" title="Novak Djokovic">Novak Djokovic</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/Usain_Bolt" title="Usain Bolt">Usain Bolt</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Vettel" title="Sebastian Vettel">Sebastian Vettel</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Cristiano_Ronaldo" title="Cristiano Ronaldo">Cristiano Ronaldo</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Dan_Carter" title="Dan Carter">Dan Carter</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/Simone_Biles" title="Simone Biles">Simone Biles</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Federer" title="Roger Federer">Roger Federer</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Molinari" title="Francesco Molinari">Francesco Molinari</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/Eliud_Kipchoge" title="Eliud Kipchoge">Eliud Kipchoge</a></li> <li>2020: <a href="/wiki/Khabib_Nurmagomedov" title="Khabib Nurmagomedov">Khabib Nurmagomedov</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/Rachael_Blackmore" title="Rachael Blackmore">Rachael Blackmore</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Messi" title="Lionel Messi">Lionel Messi</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/Erling_Haaland" title="Erling Haaland">Erling Haaland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="NAACP_Image_Award_–_President&#039;s_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NAACP_Image_Award_%E2%80%93_President%27s_Award" title="Template:NAACP Image Award – President's Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NAACP_Image_Award_%E2%80%93_President%27s_Award" title="Template talk:NAACP Image Award – President's Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NAACP_Image_Award_%E2%80%93_President%27s_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NAACP Image Award – President's Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="NAACP_Image_Award_–_President&#039;s_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/NAACP_Image_Award_%E2%80%93_President%27s_Award" title="NAACP Image Award – President's Award">NAACP Image Award – President's Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Fitzgerald" title="Ella Fitzgerald">Ella Fitzgerald</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Jackson" title="Jesse Jackson">Rev. Jesse Jackson</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jheryl_Busby" title="Jheryl Busby">Jheryl Busby</a> (1988)</li> <li>Antoinette Stroman & <a href="/wiki/Ryan_White" title="Ryan White">Ryan White</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Kent Amos & Carmen Amos (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryant_Gumbel" title="Bryant Gumbel">Bryant Gumbel</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_Herman" title="Alexis Herman">Alexis Herman</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauryn_Hill" title="Lauryn Hill">Lauryn Hill</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tavis_Smiley" title="Tavis Smiley">Tavis Smiley</a> & <a href="/wiki/Tom_Joyner" title="Tom Joyner">Tom Joyner</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice" title="Condoleezza Rice">Condoleezza Rice</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_Williams" title="Venus Williams">Venus</a> & <a href="/wiki/Serena_Williams" title="Serena Williams">Serena Williams</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._D._Jakes" title="T. D. Jakes">T. D. Jakes</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_L._Taylor" title="Susan L. Taylor">Susan L. Taylor</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soledad_O%27Brien" title="Soledad O'Brien">Soledad O'Brien</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_Dee" title="Ruby Dee">Ruby Dee</a> (2007)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Muhammad Ali</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Jones" title="Van Jones">Van Jones</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Powell" title="Colin Powell">Colin Powell</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Stuntmen%27s_Association" title="Black Stuntmen's Association">Black Stuntmen's Association</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerry_Washington" title="Kerry Washington">Kerry Washington</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Legend" title="John Legend">John Legend</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lonnie_Bunch" title="Lonnie Bunch">Lonnie Bunch</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Glover" title="Danny Glover">Danny Glover</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay-Z" title="Jay-Z">Jay-Z</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rihanna" title="Rihanna">Rihanna</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LeBron_James" title="LeBron James">LeBron James</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Harry,_Duke_of_Sussex" title="Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex">Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex</a> & <a href="/wiki/Meghan,_Duchess_of_Sussex" title="Meghan, Duchess of Sussex">Meghan, Duchess of Sussex</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabrielle_Union" title="Gabrielle Union">Gabrielle Union</a> & <a href="/wiki/Dwyane_Wade" title="Dwyane Wade">Dwyane Wade</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usher_(musician)" title="Usher (musician)">Usher</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Arthur_Ashe_Courage_Award_winners" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Arthur_Ashe_Courage" title="Template:Arthur Ashe Courage"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Arthur_Ashe_Courage" title="Template talk:Arthur Ashe Courage"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Arthur_Ashe_Courage" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Arthur Ashe Courage"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Arthur_Ashe_Courage_Award_winners" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ashe_Courage_Award" title="Arthur Ashe Courage Award">Arthur Ashe Courage Award winners</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Named after <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ashe" title="Arthur Ashe">Arthur Ashe</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1993: <a href="/wiki/Jim_Valvano" title="Jim Valvano">Valvano</a></li> <li>1994: <a href="/wiki/Steve_Palermo" title="Steve Palermo">Palermo</a></li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/Howard_Cosell" title="Howard Cosell">Cosell</a></li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/Loretta_Claiborne" title="Loretta Claiborne">Claiborne</a></li> <li>1997: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ali</a></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Dean_Smith" title="Dean Smith">D. Smith</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/Billie_Jean_King" title="Billie Jean King">King</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Columbine_High_School_massacre#11:19_a.m.:_Shooting_begins" title="Columbine High School massacre">Sanders</a></li> <li>2001: <a href="/wiki/Cathy_Freeman" title="Cathy Freeman">Freeman</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/United_Airlines_Flight_93" title="United Airlines Flight 93">Flight 93</a> passengers <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Beamer" title="Todd Beamer">Beamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Bingham" title="Mark Bingham">Bingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Burnett_(Flight_93_passenger)" title="Tom Burnett (Flight 93 passenger)">Burnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Glick" title="Jeremy Glick">Glick</a></li></ul></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/Pat_Tillman" title="Pat Tillman">P. Tillman</a> & K. Tillman</li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/George_Weah" title="George Weah">Weah</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Jim_MacLaren" title="Jim MacLaren">MacLaren</a> & <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Yeboah_(cyclist)" title="Emmanuel Yeboah (cyclist)">Yeboah</a></li> <li>2006: Ahmad & <a href="/wiki/Shamila_Kohestani" title="Shamila Kohestani">Kohestani</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/David_Cullen_(basketball)" title="David Cullen (basketball)">Cullen</a> & <a href="/wiki/Trevor_Ringland" title="Trevor Ringland">Ringland</a></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/John_Carlos" title="John Carlos">Carlos</a> & <a href="/wiki/Tommie_Smith" title="Tommie Smith">T. Smith</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Mandela</a></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Arthur_Thomas" title="Edward Arthur Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/Dewey_Bozella" title="Dewey Bozella">Bozella</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/Pat_Summitt" title="Pat Summitt">Summitt</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/Robin_Roberts_(newscaster)" title="Robin Roberts (newscaster)">Roberts</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Sam" title="Michael Sam">Sam</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Caitlyn_Jenner" title="Caitlyn Jenner">Jenner</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/Zaevion_Dobson" title="Zaevion Dobson">Dobson</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver" title="Eunice Kennedy Shriver">Shriver</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/USA_Gymnastics_sex_abuse_scandal" title="USA Gymnastics sex abuse scandal">USA Gymnastics sex abuse scandal</a> survivors; <abbr title="including but not limited to">ibnlt</abbr>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simone_Biles" title="Simone Biles">Biles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamie_Dantzscher" title="Jamie Dantzscher">Dantzscher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachael_Denhollander" title="Rachael Denhollander">Denhollander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabby_Douglas" title="Gabby Douglas">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McKayla_Maroney" title="McKayla Maroney">Maroney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Nichols_(gymnast)" title="Maggie Nichols (gymnast)">Nichols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aly_Raisman" title="Aly Raisman">Raisman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordyn_Wieber" title="Jordyn Wieber">Wieber</a></li></ul></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/Bill_Russell" title="Bill Russell">Russell</a></li> <li>2020: <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Love" title="Kevin Love">Love</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/Maya_Moore" title="Maya Moore">Moore</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/Vitali_Klitschko" title="Vitali Klitschko">Klitschko</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/United_States_women%27s_national_soccer_team" title="United States women's national soccer team">USWNST</a></li> <li>2024: <a href="/wiki/Steve_Gleason" title="Steve Gleason">Gleason</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_20th_Century" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_Century" title="Template:Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_Century" title="Template talk:Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_Century" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_20th_Century" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_Century" title="Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century">Time 100: The Most Important People of the 20th Century</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leaders & revolutionaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Ben-Gurion" title="David Ben-Gurion">David Ben-Gurion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh" title="Ho Chi Minh">Ho Chi Minh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Ruhollah Khomeini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimir Lenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Eleanor Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Sanger" title="Margaret Sanger">Margaret Sanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tank_Man" title="Tank Man">Unknown Tiananmen Square rebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists & entertainers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Armstrong" title="Louis Armstrong">Louis Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball">Lucille Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlon_Brando" title="Marlon Brando">Marlon Brando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coco_Chanel" title="Coco Chanel">Coco Chanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Corbusier" title="Le Corbusier">Le Corbusier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">T. S. Eliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aretha_Franklin" title="Aretha Franklin">Aretha Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Graham" title="Martha Graham">Martha Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Henson" title="Jim Henson">Jim Henson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">James Joyce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Pablo Picasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rodgers_and_Oscar_Hammerstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein">Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bart_Simpson" title="Bart Simpson">Bart Simpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey" title="Oprah Winfrey">Oprah Winfrey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Builders & titans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Bechtel_Sr." title="Stephen Bechtel Sr.">Stephen Bechtel Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Burnett" title="Leo Burnett">Leo Burnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willis_Carrier" title="Willis Carrier">Willis Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Ford" title="Henry Ford">Henry Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Gates" title="Bill Gates">Bill Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amadeo_Giannini" title="Amadeo Giannini">Amadeo Giannini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Kroc" title="Ray Kroc">Ray Kroc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_(businesswoman)" title="Estée Lauder (businesswoman)">Estée Lauder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Levitt" title="William Levitt">William Levitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucky_Luciano" title="Lucky Luciano">Lucky Luciano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer">Louis B. Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Merrill" title="Charles E. Merrill">Charles E. Merrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita">Akio Morita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Reuther" title="Walter Reuther">Walter Reuther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Rozelle" title="Pete Rozelle">Pete Rozelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Sarnoff" title="David Sarnoff">David Sarnoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Trippe" title="Juan Trippe">Juan Trippe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Walton" title="Sam Walton">Sam Walton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Watson_Jr." title="Thomas J. Watson Jr.">Thomas J. Watson Jr.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scientists & thinkers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Baekeland" title="Leo Baekeland">Leo Baekeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Carson" title="Rachel Carson">Rachel Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philo_Farnsworth" title="Philo Farnsworth">Philo Farnsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Enrico Fermi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Fleming" title="Alexander Fleming">Alexander Fleming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Sigmund Freud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Goddard" title="Robert H. Goddard">Robert H. Goddard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_G%C3%B6del" title="Kurt Gödel">Kurt Gödel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Hubble" title="Edwin Hubble">Edwin Hubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Maynard_Keynes" title="John Maynard Keynes">John Maynard Keynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leakey_family" title="Leakey family">Leakey family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Piaget" title="Jean Piaget">Jean Piaget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonas_Salk" title="Jonas Salk">Jonas Salk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Shockley" title="William Shockley">William Shockley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Turing" title="Alan Turing">Alan Turing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick">Francis Crick</a> & <a href="/wiki/James_Watson" title="James Watson">James Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein" title="Ludwig Wittgenstein">Ludwig Wittgenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wright_brothers" title="Wright brothers">Wright brothers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Heroes & icons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Muhammad Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.I." title="G.I.">The American G.I.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales" title="Diana, Princess of Wales">Lady Diana Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Frank" title="Anne Frank">Anne Frank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Graham" title="Billy Graham">Billy Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Che Guevara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Hillary" title="Edmund Hillary">Edmund Hillary</a> & <a href="/wiki/Tenzing_Norgay" title="Tenzing Norgay">Tenzing Norgay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Keller" title="Helen Keller">Helen Keller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_family" title="Kennedy family">Kennedy family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Lee" title="Bruce Lee">Bruce Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Charles Lindbergh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Milk" title="Harvey Milk">Harvey Milk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe" title="Marilyn Monroe">Marilyn Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmeline_Pankhurst" title="Emmeline Pankhurst">Emmeline Pankhurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks">Rosa Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pel%C3%A9" title="Pelé">Pelé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Robinson" title="Jackie Robinson">Jackie Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Sakharov" title="Andrei Sakharov">Andrei Sakharov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Teresa" title="Mother Teresa">Mother Teresa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_W." title="Bill W.">Bill W.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hickok_Belt_winners" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hickok_Belt" title="Template:Hickok Belt"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hickok_Belt" title="Template talk:Hickok Belt"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hickok_Belt" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hickok Belt"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hickok_Belt_winners" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hickok_Belt" title="Hickok Belt">Hickok Belt winners</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950–1976</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1950: <a href="/wiki/Phil_Rizzuto" title="Phil Rizzuto">Phil Rizzuto</a></li> <li>1951: <a href="/wiki/Allie_Reynolds" title="Allie Reynolds">Allie Reynolds</a></li> <li>1952: <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Marciano" title="Rocky Marciano">Rocky Marciano</a></li> <li>1953: <a href="/wiki/Ben_Hogan" title="Ben Hogan">Ben Hogan</a></li> <li>1954: <a href="/wiki/Willie_Mays" title="Willie Mays">Willie Mays</a></li> <li>1955: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Graham" title="Otto Graham">Otto Graham</a></li> <li>1956: <a href="/wiki/Mickey_Mantle" title="Mickey Mantle">Mickey Mantle</a></li> <li>1957: <a href="/wiki/Carmen_Basilio" title="Carmen Basilio">Carmen Basilio</a></li> <li>1958: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Turley" title="Bob Turley">Bob Turley</a></li> <li>1959: <a href="/wiki/Ingemar_Johansson" title="Ingemar Johansson">Ingemar Johansson</a></li> <li>1960: <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Palmer" title="Arnold Palmer">Arnold Palmer</a></li> <li>1961: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Maris" title="Roger Maris">Roger Maris</a></li> <li>1962: <a href="/wiki/Maury_Wills" title="Maury Wills">Maury Wills</a></li> <li>1963: <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Koufax" title="Sandy Koufax">Sandy Koufax</a></li> <li>1964: <a href="/wiki/Jim_Brown" title="Jim Brown">Jim Brown</a></li> <li>1965: <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Koufax" title="Sandy Koufax">Sandy Koufax</a></li> <li>1966: <a href="/wiki/Frank_Robinson" title="Frank Robinson">Frank Robinson</a></li> <li>1967: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Yastrzemski" title="Carl Yastrzemski">Carl Yastrzemski</a></li> <li>1968: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Namath" title="Joe Namath">Joe Namath</a></li> <li>1969: <a href="/wiki/Tom_Seaver" title="Tom Seaver">Tom Seaver</a></li> <li>1970: <a href="/wiki/Brooks_Robinson" title="Brooks Robinson">Brooks Robinson</a></li> <li>1971: <a href="/wiki/Lee_Trevino" title="Lee Trevino">Lee Trevino</a></li> <li>1972: <a href="/wiki/Steve_Carlton" title="Steve Carlton">Steve Carlton</a></li> <li>1973: <a href="/wiki/O._J._Simpson" title="O. J. Simpson">O. J. Simpson</a></li> <li>1974: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Muhammad Ali</a></li> <li>1975: <a href="/wiki/Pete_Rose" title="Pete Rose">Pete Rose</a></li> <li>1976: <a href="/wiki/Ken_Stabler" title="Ken Stabler">Ken Stabler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2012–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2012: <a href="/wiki/LeBron_James" title="LeBron James">LeBron James</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/LeBron_James" title="LeBron James">LeBron James</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Madison_Bumgarner" title="Madison Bumgarner">Madison Bumgarner</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Curry" title="Stephen Curry">Stephen Curry</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Phelps" title="Michael Phelps">Michael Phelps</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/Jose_Altuve" title="Jose Altuve">Jose Altuve</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Mahomes" title="Patrick Mahomes">Patrick Mahomes</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/Kawhi_Leonard" title="Kawhi Leonard">Kawhi Leonard</a></li> <li>2020: <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Mahomes" title="Patrick Mahomes">Patrick Mahomes</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/Shohei_Ohtani" title="Shohei Ohtani">Shohei Ohtani</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Judge" title="Aaron Judge">Aaron Judge</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/Nikola_Joki%C4%87" title="Nikola Jokić">Nikola Jokić</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="WWE_Hall_of_Fame_inductees" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:WWE_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:WWE Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:WWE_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:WWE Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:WWE_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:WWE Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="WWE_Hall_of_Fame_inductees" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame" title="WWE Hall of Fame">WWE Hall of Fame</a> <a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame#Classes" title="WWE Hall of Fame">inductees</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1990s" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1990s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame#Class_of_1993" title="WWE Hall of Fame">1993</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_the_Giant" title="André the Giant">André the Giant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame#Class_of_1994" title="WWE Hall of Fame">1994</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Skaaland" title="Arnold Skaaland">Arnold Skaaland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobo_Brazil" title="Bobo Brazil">Bobo Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Rogers_(wrestler)" title="Buddy Rogers (wrestler)">Buddy Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Jay_Strongbow" title="Chief Jay Strongbow">Chief Jay Strongbow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freddie_Blassie" title="Freddie Blassie">Freddie Blassie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorilla_Monsoon" title="Gorilla Monsoon">Gorilla Monsoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Dudley" title="James Dudley">James Dudley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame#Class_of_1995" title="WWE Hall of Fame">1995</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antonino_Rocca" title="Antonino Rocca">Antonino Rocca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Ladd" title="Ernie Ladd">Ernie Ladd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fabulous_Moolah" title="The Fabulous Moolah">The Fabulous Moolah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Steele" title="George Steele">George Steele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Roth" title="Ernie Roth">Ernie Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Putski" title="Ivan Putski">Ivan Putski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Morales" title="Pedro Morales">Pedro Morales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame#Class_of_1996" title="WWE Hall of Fame">1996</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Snuka" title="Jimmy Snuka">Jimmy Snuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Rodz" title="Johnny Rodz">Johnny Rodz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killer_Kowalski" title="Killer Kowalski">Killer Kowalski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Albano" title="Lou Albano">Lou Albano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikel_Scicluna" title="Mikel Scicluna">Mikel Scicluna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Patterson" title="Pat Patterson">Pat Patterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valiant_Brothers" title="Valiant Brothers">Valiant Brothers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Valiant" title="Jimmy Valiant">Jimmy Valiant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Valiant" title="Johnny Valiant">Johnny Valiant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_J._McMahon" title="Vincent J. McMahon">Vince McMahon Sr.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2000s" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2000s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2004)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2004)">2004</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_John_Studd" title="Big John Studd">Big John Studd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%22Superstar%22_Billy_Graham" title=""Superstar" Billy Graham">"Superstar" Billy Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Heenan" title="Bobby Heenan">Bobby Heenan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Muraco" title="Don Muraco">Don Muraco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Valentine" title="Greg Valentine">Greg Valentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley_Race" title="Harley Race">Harley Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Ventura" title="Jesse Ventura">Jesse Ventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkyard_Dog" title="Junkyard Dog">Junkyard Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sgt._Slaughter" title="Sgt. Slaughter">Sgt. Slaughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tito_Santana" title="Tito Santana">Tito Santana</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Celebrity" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Celebrity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Rose" title="Pete Rose">Pete Rose</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2005)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2005)">2005</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Orton_Jr." title="Bob Orton Jr.">Bob Orton Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulk_Hogan" title="Hulk Hogan">Hulk Hogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Iron_Sheik" title="The Iron Sheik">The Iron Sheik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Hart" title="Jimmy Hart">Jimmy Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Volkoff" title="Nikolai Volkoff">Nikolai Volkoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Orndorff" title="Paul Orndorff">Paul Orndorff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roddy_Piper" title="Roddy Piper">Roddy Piper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2006)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2006)">2006</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Blackjacks" title="The Blackjacks">The Blackjacks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blackjack_Mulligan" title="Blackjack Mulligan">Blackjack Mulligan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackjack_Lanza" title="Blackjack Lanza">Blackjack Lanza</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bret_Hart" title="Bret Hart">Bret Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Guerrero" title="Eddie Guerrero">Eddie Guerrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gene_Okerlund" title="Gene Okerlund">Gene Okerlund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherri_Martel" title="Sherri Martel">Sherri Martel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Atlas" title="Tony Atlas">Tony Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verne_Gagne" title="Verne Gagne">Verne Gagne</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Celebrity" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Celebrity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Perry_(American_football)" title="William Perry (American football)">William Perry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2007)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2007)">2007</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dusty_Rhodes" title="Dusty Rhodes">Dusty Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Lawler" title="Jerry Lawler">Jerry Lawler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Ross" title="Jim Ross">Jim Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mr._Fuji" title="Mr. Fuji">Mr. Fuji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curt_Hennig" title="Curt Hennig">Curt Hennig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Bockwinkel" title="Nick Bockwinkel">Nick Bockwinkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sheik_(wrestler)" title="The Sheik (wrestler)">The Sheik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_Samoans" title="Wild Samoans">Wild Samoans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afa_Anoa%27i" class="mw-redirect" title="Afa Anoa'i">Afa Anoa'i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sika_Anoa%27i" class="mw-redirect" title="Sika Anoa'i">Sika Anoa'i</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2008)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2008)">2008</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>The Brisco Brothers <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Brisco" title="Gerald Brisco">Gerald Brisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Brisco" title="Jack Brisco">Jack Brisco</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Graham" title="Eddie Graham">Eddie Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Solie" title="Gordon Solie">Gordon Solie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mae_Young" title="Mae Young">Mae Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Maivia" title="Peter Maivia">Peter Maivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ric_Flair" title="Ric Flair">Ric Flair</a> <ul><li>See also: 2012</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Johnson" title="Rocky Johnson">Rocky Johnson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2009)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2009)">2009</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Watts" title="Bill Watts">Bill Watts</a></li> <li>The Funk Brothers <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Funk" title="Terry Funk">Terry Funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dory_Funk_Jr." title="Dory Funk Jr.">Dory Funk Jr.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Finkel" title="Howard Finkel">Howard Finkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koko_B._Ware" title="Koko B. Ware">Koko B. Ware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricky_Steamboat" title="Ricky Steamboat">Ricky Steamboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Cold_Steve_Austin" title="Stone Cold Steve Austin">Stone Cold Steve Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Von_Erich_family" title="Von Erich family">Von Erich family</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Von_Erich" title="Chris Von Erich">Chris Von Erich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Von_Erich" title="David Von Erich">David Von Erich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Von_Erich" title="Fritz Von Erich">Fritz Von Erich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerry_Von_Erich" title="Kerry Von Erich">Kerry Von Erich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Von_Erich" title="Kevin Von Erich">Kevin Von Erich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Von_Erich" title="Mike Von Erich">Mike Von Erich</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2010s" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2010s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2010)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2010)">2010</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Inoki" title="Antonio Inoki">Antonio Inoki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorgeous_George" title="Gorgeous George">Gorgeous George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Vachon" title="Maurice Vachon">Maurice Vachon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stu_Hart" title="Stu Hart">Stu Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_DiBiase" title="Ted DiBiase">Ted DiBiase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendi_Richter" title="Wendi Richter">Wendi Richter</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Celebrity" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Celebrity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Uecker" title="Bob Uecker">Bob Uecker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2011)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2011)">2011</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_the_Butcher" title="Abdullah the Butcher">Abdullah the Butcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Armstrong" title="Bob Armstrong">Bob Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Duggan" title="Jim Duggan">Jim Duggan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_Warriors" title="Road Warriors">Road Warriors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Road_Warrior_Hawk" title="Road Warrior Hawk">Road Warrior Hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_Warrior_Animal" title="Road Warrior Animal">Road Warrior Animal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ellering" title="Paul Ellering">Paul Ellering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawn_Michaels" title="Shawn Michaels">Shawn Michaels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tammy_Lynn_Sytch" title="Tammy Lynn Sytch">Sunny</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Celebrity" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Celebrity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drew_Carey" title="Drew Carey">Drew Carey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2012)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2012)">2012</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edge_(wrestler)" title="Edge (wrestler)">Edge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Four_Horsemen_(professional_wrestling)" title="The Four Horsemen (professional wrestling)">The Four Horsemen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arn_Anderson" title="Arn Anderson">Arn Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Windham" title="Barry Windham">Barry Windham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._J._Dillon" title="J. J. Dillon">J. J. Dillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ric_Flair" title="Ric Flair">Ric Flair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tully_Blanchard" title="Tully Blanchard">Tully Blanchard</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mil_M%C3%A1scaras" title="Mil Máscaras">Mil Máscaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Simmons" title="Ron Simmons">Ron Simmons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokozuna_(wrestler)" title="Yokozuna (wrestler)">Yokozuna</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Celebrity" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Celebrity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Tyson" title="Mike Tyson">Mike Tyson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2013)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2013)">2013</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Backlund" title="Bob Backlund">Bob Backlund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booker_T_(wrestler)" title="Booker T (wrestler)">Booker T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Sammartino" title="Bruno Sammartino">Bruno Sammartino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mick_Foley" title="Mick Foley">Mick Foley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trish_Stratus" title="Trish Stratus">Trish Stratus</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Celebrity" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Celebrity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2014)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2014)">2014</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Col%C3%B3n" title="Carlos Colón">Carlos Colón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jake_Roberts" title="Jake Roberts">Jake Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lita_(wrestler)" title="Lita (wrestler)">Lita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Bearer" title="Paul Bearer">Paul Bearer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Hall" title="Scott Hall">Scott Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Ultimate_Warrior" title="The Ultimate Warrior">The Ultimate Warrior</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Celebrity" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Celebrity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mr._T" title="Mr. T">Mr. T</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2015)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2015)">2015</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madusa" title="Madusa">Alundra Blayze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bushwhackers" title="The Bushwhackers">The Bushwhackers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bushwhacker_Butch" title="Bushwhacker Butch">Bushwhacker Butch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bushwhacker_Luke" title="Bushwhacker Luke">Bushwhacker Luke</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Nash" title="Kevin Nash">Kevin Nash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Zbyszko" title="Larry Zbyszko">Larry Zbyszko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Savage" title="Randy Savage">Randy Savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rikishi_(wrestler)" title="Rikishi (wrestler)">Rikishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatsumi_Fujinami" title="Tatsumi Fujinami">Tatsumi Fujinami</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Celebrity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Schwarzenegger" title="Arnold Schwarzenegger">Arnold Schwarzenegger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Warrior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Connor_Michalek" title="Connor Michalek">Connor Michalek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2016)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2016)">2016</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Boss_Man" title="Big Boss Man">Big Boss Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabulous_Freebirds" title="Fabulous Freebirds">Fabulous Freebirds</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hayes_(wrestler)" title="Michael Hayes (wrestler)">Michael Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Roberts" title="Buddy Roberts">Buddy Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Garvin" title="Jimmy Garvin">Jimmy Garvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Gordy" title="Terry Gordy">Terry Gordy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Godfather_(wrestler)" title="The Godfather (wrestler)">The Godfather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Moore" title="Jacqueline Moore">Jacqueline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stan_Hansen" title="Stan Hansen">Stan Hansen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sting_(wrestler)" title="Sting (wrestler)">Sting</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Celebrity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snoop_Dogg" title="Snoop Dogg">Snoop Dogg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Warrior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Lunden" title="Joan Lunden">Joan Lunden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Lewis_(wrestler)" title="Ed Lewis (wrestler)">Ed Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gotch" title="Frank Gotch">Frank Gotch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Hackenschmidt" title="George Hackenschmidt">George Hackenschmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Thesz" title="Lou Thesz">Lou Thesz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Burke" title="Mildred Burke">Mildred Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_O%27Connor_(wrestler)" title="Pat O'Connor (wrestler)">Pat O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailor_Art_Thomas" title="Sailor Art Thomas">Sailor Art Thomas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2017)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2017)">2017</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Phoenix" title="Beth Phoenix">Beth Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_Dallas_Page" title="Diamond Dallas Page">Diamond Dallas Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Angle" title="Kurt Angle">Kurt Angle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Rude" title="Rick Rude">Rick Rude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_%27n%27_Roll_Express" title="Rock 'n' Roll Express">Rock 'n' Roll Express</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ricky_Morton" title="Ricky Morton">Ricky Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gibson_(wrestler)" title="Robert Gibson (wrestler)">Robert Gibson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Long" title="Theodore Long">Theodore Long</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Warrior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eric_LeGrand" title="Eric LeGrand">Eric LeGrand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bearcat_Wright" title="Bearcat Wright">Bearcat Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dr._Jerry_Graham" title="Dr. Jerry Graham">Dr. Jerry Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haystacks_Calhoun" title="Haystacks Calhoun">Haystacks Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Grable" title="Judy Grable">Judy Grable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_Byers" title="June Byers">June Byers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luther_Lindsay" title="Luther Lindsay">Luther Lindsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Burns" title="Martin Burns">Martin Burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rikid%C5%8Dzan" title="Rikidōzan">Rikidōzan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toots_Mondt" title="Toots Mondt">Toots Mondt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2018)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2018)">2018</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dudley_Boyz" title="Dudley Boyz">Dudley Boyz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bubba_Ray_Dudley" title="Bubba Ray Dudley">Bubba Ray Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D-Von_Dudley" title="D-Von Dudley">D-Von Dudley</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Goldberg" title="Bill Goldberg">Goldberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillbilly_Jim" title="Hillbilly Jim">Hillbilly Jim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_(wrestler)" title="Ivory (wrestler)">Ivory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Jarrett" title="Jeff Jarrett">Jeff Jarrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Henry" title="Mark Henry">Mark Henry</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Celebrity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kid_Rock" title="Kid Rock">Kid Rock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Warrior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Jarrius "JJ" Robertson</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Malenko" title="Boris Malenko">Boris Malenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cora_Combs" title="Cora Combs">Cora Combs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dara_Singh" title="Dara Singh">Dara Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiro_Matsuda" title="Hiro Matsuda">Hiro Matsuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Londos" title="Jim Londos">Jim Londos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Alfred_Hayes" title="Lord Alfred Hayes">Lord Alfred Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rufus_R._Jones" title="Rufus R. Jones">Rufus R. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Santo" title="El Santo">El Santo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sputnik_Monroe" title="Sputnik Monroe">Sputnik Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stan_Stasiak" title="Stan Stasiak">Stan Stasiak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2019)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2019)">2019</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brutus_Beefcake" title="Brutus Beefcake">Brutus Beefcake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D-Generation_X" title="D-Generation X">D-Generation X</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shawn_Michaels" title="Shawn Michaels">Shawn Michaels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_H" title="Triple H">Triple H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chyna" title="Chyna">Chyna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_Dogg" title="Road Dogg">Road Dogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Gunn" title="Billy Gunn">Billy Gunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Waltman" title="Sean Waltman">Sean Waltman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlem_Heat" title="Harlem Heat">Harlem Heat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Booker_T_(wrestler)" title="Booker T (wrestler)">Booker T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stevie_Ray" title="Stevie Ray">Stevie Ray</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hart_Foundation" title="Hart Foundation">Hart Foundation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bret_Hart" title="Bret Hart">Bret Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Neidhart" title="Jim Neidhart">Jim Neidhart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Honky_Tonk_Man" title="The Honky Tonk Man">The Honky Tonk Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torrie_Wilson" title="Torrie Wilson">Torrie Wilson</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Warrior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Sue Aitchison</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruiser_Brody" title="Bruiser Brody">Bruiser Brody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Rose" title="Buddy Rose">Buddy Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hisashi_Shinma" title="Hisashi Shinma">Hisashi Shinma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Barnett_(wrestling)" title="Jim Barnett (wrestling)">Jim Barnett</a></li> <li>Joseph Cohen</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_Vachon" title="Luna Vachon">Luna Vachon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primo_Carnera" title="Primo Carnera">Primo Carnera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professor_Tanaka" title="Professor Tanaka">Professor Tanaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._D._Jones" title="S. D. Jones">S. D. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahoo_McDaniel" title="Wahoo McDaniel">Wahoo McDaniel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2020s" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2020s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2021)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2021)">2020</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Bella_Twins" title="The Bella Twins">The Bella Twins</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nikki_Bella" title="Nikki Bella">Nikki Bella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brie_Bella" title="Brie Bella">Brie Bella</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davey_Boy_Smith" title="Davey Boy Smith">Davey Boy Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Layfield" title="John Layfield">John "Bradshaw" Layfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jushin_Liger" title="Jushin Liger">Jushin Liger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_Order_(professional_wrestling)" title="New World Order (professional wrestling)">New World Order</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hulk_Hogan" title="Hulk Hogan">Hulk Hogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Nash" title="Kevin Nash">Kevin Nash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Hall" title="Scott Hall">Scott Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Waltman" title="Sean Waltman">Sean Waltman</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Celebrity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Shatner" title="William Shatner">William Shatner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Warrior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Titus_O%27Neil" title="Titus O'Neil">Titus O'Neil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baron_Michele_Leone" title="Baron Michele Leone">Baron Michele Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brickhouse_Brown" title="Brickhouse Brown">Brickhouse Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Hart_(wrestler)" title="Gary Hart (wrestler)">Gary Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Stevens_(wrestler)" title="Ray Stevens (wrestler)">Ray Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Williams_(wrestler)" title="Steve Williams (wrestler)">Steve Williams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2021)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2021)">2021</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Bischoff" title="Eric Bischoff">Eric Bischoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Khali" title="The Great Khali">The Great Khali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kane_(wrestler)" title="Kane (wrestler)">Kane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molly_Holly" title="Molly Holly">Molly Holly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Van_Dam" title="Rob Van Dam">Rob Van Dam</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Celebrity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ozzy_Osbourne" title="Ozzy Osbourne">Ozzy Osbourne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Warrior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Rich Hering</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buzz_Sawyer" title="Buzz Sawyer">Buzz Sawyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_the_Bruiser" title="Dick the Bruiser">Dick the Bruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethel_Johnson_(wrestler)" title="Ethel Johnson (wrestler)">Ethel Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Boesch" title="Paul Boesch">Paul Boesch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pez_Whatley" title="Pez Whatley">Pez Whatley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2022)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2022)">2022</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sharmell" title="Sharmell">Sharmell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steiner_Brothers" title="Steiner Brothers">Steiner Brothers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Steiner" title="Rick Steiner">Rick Steiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Steiner" title="Scott Steiner">Scott Steiner</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Undertaker" title="The Undertaker">The Undertaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Van_Vader" title="Big Van Vader">Vader</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Warrior" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Warrior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shad_Gaspard" title="Shad Gaspard">Shad Gaspard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2023)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2023)">2023</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keiji_Muto" title="Keiji Muto">The Great Muta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rey_Mysterio" title="Rey Mysterio">Rey Mysterio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stacy_Keibler" title="Stacy Keibler">Stacy Keibler</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Celebrity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Kaufman" title="Andy Kaufman">Andy Kaufman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Warrior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tim_White_(referee)" title="Tim White (referee)">Tim White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WWE_Hall_of_Fame_(2024)" title="WWE Hall of Fame (2024)">2024</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bull_Nakano" title="Bull Nakano">Bull Nakano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Heyman" title="Paul Heyman">Paul Heyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt_Patterson" title="Thunderbolt Patterson">Thunderbolt Patterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lia_Maivia" title="Lia Maivia">Lia Maivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Express" title="U.S. Express">U.S. Express</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Windham" title="Barry Windham">Barry Windham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Rotunda" title="Mike Rotunda">Mike Rotunda</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Celebrity" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Celebrity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Muhammad Ali</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:WWE_Hall_of_Fame" title="Category:WWE Hall of Fame">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="City_of_Louisville_and_metro_area" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Template:Louisville, Kentucky"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Template talk:Louisville, Kentucky"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Louisville, Kentucky"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="City_of_Louisville_and_metro_area" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">City of <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a> and <a href="/wiki/Louisville_metropolitan_area" title="Louisville metropolitan area">metro area</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="History of Louisville, Kentucky">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Timeline of Louisville, Kentucky">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_the_Louisville_metropolitan_area" title="Category:National Register of Historic Places in the Louisville metropolitan area">Historic places</a></li> <li>Founder: <a href="/wiki/George_Rogers_Clark" title="George Rogers Clark">George Rogers Clark</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corn_Island_(Kentucky)" title="Corn Island (Kentucky)">Corn Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Nelson_(Kentucky)" title="Fort Nelson (Kentucky)">Fort Nelson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloody_Monday" title="Bloody Monday">Bloody Monday religious riots</a> (1855)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Louisville in the American Civil War">Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Exposition" title="Southern Exposition">Southern Exposition</a> (1883–87)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tornado_outbreak_of_March_27,_1890#Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Tornado outbreak of March 27, 1890">1890 tornado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_River_flood_of_1937" title="Ohio River flood of 1937">1937 flood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Louisville_riots" title="1968 Louisville riots">1968 riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Kentucky_Derby" title="1973 Kentucky Derby">1973 Kentucky Derby</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretariat_(horse)" title="Secretariat (horse)">Secretariat</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Super_Outbreak" title="1974 Super Outbreak">1974 tornadoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_Cardinals_men%27s_basketball" title="Louisville Cardinals men's basketball">Louisville Cardinals men's basketball</a> <ul><li>Championships in <a href="/wiki/1980_NCAA_Division_I_basketball_championship_game" title="1980 NCAA Division I basketball championship game">1980</a> / <a href="/wiki/1986_NCAA_Division_I_men%27s_basketball_championship_game" title="1986 NCAA Division I men's basketball championship game">1986</a> / <a href="/wiki/2013_NCAA_Division_I_men%27s_basketball_championship_game" title="2013 NCAA Division I men's basketball championship game">2013 [vacated</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_University_of_Louisville_basketball_sex_scandal" title="2015 University of Louisville basketball sex scandal">2015 scandal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Gravure_shooting" title="Standard Gravure shooting">Standard Gravure shooting</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_River_Bridges_Project" title="Ohio River Bridges Project">Ohio River Bridges Project</a> (2002–16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breonna_Taylor" title="Breonna Taylor">Breonna Taylor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Breonna_Taylor" title="Killing of Breonna Taylor">Killing</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breonna_Taylor_protests" title="Breonna Taylor protests">Protests</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Louisville_bank_shooting" title="2023 Louisville bank shooting">2023 bank shooting</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky"><img alt="Louisville at night" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Louisville_Skyline_2021_%284%29.jpg/130px-Louisville_Skyline_2021_%284%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Louisville_Skyline_2021_%284%29.jpg/195px-Louisville_Skyline_2021_%284%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Louisville_Skyline_2021_%284%29.jpg/260px-Louisville_Skyline_2021_%284%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1148" data-file-height="585" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Geography of Louisville, Kentucky">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Louisville" title="Downtown Louisville">Downtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cityscape_of_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Cityscape of Louisville, Kentucky">Cityscape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Louisville,_Kentucky#Climate" title="Geography of Louisville, Kentucky">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Local_landmarks_in_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Category:Local landmarks in Louisville, Kentucky">Local landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Neighborhoods in Louisville, Kentucky">Neighborhoods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_parks_in_the_Louisville_metropolitan_area" title="List of parks in the Louisville metropolitan area">Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Local_preservation_districts_in_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Category:Local preservation districts in Louisville, Kentucky">Preservation districts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Old_Louisville" title="Old Louisville">Old Louisville</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Government of Louisville, Kentucky">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="List of mayors of Louisville, Kentucky">Mayor</a> (<a href="/wiki/Craig_Greenberg" title="Craig Greenberg">Craig Greenberg</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_Metro_Council" title="Louisville Metro Council">Metro Council</a> (<a href="/wiki/Louisville_Metro_Council_President" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisville Metro Council President">President</a>: Markus Winkler)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Transportation in Louisville, Kentucky">Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Airports <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_Muhammad_Ali_International_Airport" title="Louisville Muhammad Ali International Airport">Muhammad Ali International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowman_Field_(Kentucky)" title="Bowman Field (Kentucky)">Bowman Field</a></li></ul></li> <li>Bridges <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_and_Clark_Bridge_(Ohio_River)" title="Lewis and Clark Bridge (Ohio River)">Lewis and Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Four_Bridge" title="Big Four Bridge">Big Four</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln_Bridge" title="Abraham Lincoln Bridge">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Memorial_Bridge" title="John F. Kennedy Memorial Bridge">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Rogers_Clark_Memorial_Bridge" title="George Rogers Clark Memorial Bridge">Clark/2nd St.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Street_Bridge_(Ohio_River)" title="Fourteenth Street Bridge (Ohio River)">14th St.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_%26_Indiana_Terminal_Bridge" title="Kentucky & Indiana Terminal Bridge">K&I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman_Minton_Bridge" title="Sherman Minton Bridge">Sherman Minton</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Station_(Louisville)" title="Union Station (Louisville)">Louisville Union Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McAlpine_Locks_and_Dam" title="McAlpine Locks and Dam">McAlpine Locks and Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_roads_in_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="List of roads in Louisville, Kentucky">Roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transit_Authority_of_River_City" title="Transit Authority of River City">TARC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other subject areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_attractions_and_events_in_the_Louisville_metropolitan_area" title="List of attractions and events in the Louisville metropolitan area">Attractions and events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cuisine_of_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Category:Cuisine of Louisville, Kentucky">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Economy of Louisville, Kentucky">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="List of schools in Louisville, Kentucky">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Media in Louisville, Kentucky">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_the_Louisville_metropolitan_area" title="List of people from the Louisville metropolitan area">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Performing_arts_in_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Performing arts in Louisville, Kentucky">Performing arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_art_in_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="List of public art in Louisville, Kentucky">Public art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Religion in Louisville, Kentucky">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Sports in Louisville, Kentucky">Sports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Top subjects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Muhammad Ali</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Center" title="Muhammad Ali Center">Muhammad Ali Center</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_Hill_Cemetery" title="Cave Hill Cemetery">Cave Hill Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falls_of_the_Ohio_National_Wildlife_Conservation_Area" title="Falls of the Ohio National Wildlife Conservation Area">Falls of the Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmington_(Louisville,_Kentucky)" title="Farmington (Louisville, Kentucky)">Farmington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Derby" title="Kentucky Derby">Kentucky Derby</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Derby_Festival" title="Kentucky Derby Festival">Festival</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/KFC" title="KFC">KFC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_KFC" title="History of KFC">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonel_Sanders" title="Colonel Sanders">Colonel Sanders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_and_Nashville_Railroad" title="Louisville and Nashville Railroad">L&N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillerich_%26_Bradsby" title="Hillerich & Bradsby">Louisville Slugger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speed_Art_Museum" title="Speed Art Museum">Speed Art Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Louisville" title="University of Louisville">University of Louisville</a> (<a href="/wiki/Louisville_Cardinals" title="Louisville Cardinals">Cardinals</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National Historic Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belle_of_Louisville" title="Belle of Louisville">Belle of Louisville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_Downs" title="Churchill Downs">Churchill Downs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_Locust_Grove" title="Historic Locust Grove">Historic Locust Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_Andrew_Broaddus" title="Mayor Andrew Broaddus">Mayor Andrew Broaddus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Bank_of_Louisville" title="Old Bank of Louisville">Old Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor_House" title="Zachary Taylor House">Zachary Taylor House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Hospital_(Louisville,_Kentucky)" title="United States Marine Hospital (Louisville, Kentucky)">United States Marine Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_Water_Tower" title="Louisville Water Tower">Water Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prominent suburbs (over 10K pop.)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clarksville,_Indiana" title="Clarksville, Indiana">Clarksville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffersontown,_Kentucky" title="Jeffersontown, Kentucky">Jeffersontown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffersonville,_Indiana" title="Jeffersonville, Indiana">Jeffersonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon,_Kentucky" title="Lyndon, Kentucky">Lyndon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Washington,_Kentucky" title="Mount Washington, Kentucky">Mount Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Albany,_Indiana" title="New Albany, Indiana">New Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Matthews,_Kentucky" title="St. Matthews, Kentucky">St. Matthews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelbyville,_Kentucky" title="Shelbyville, Kentucky">Shelbyville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepherdsville,_Kentucky" title="Shepherdsville, Kentucky">Shepherdsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shively,_Kentucky" title="Shively, Kentucky">Shively</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Category:Louisville, Kentucky">Category (city)</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Louisville_metropolitan_area" title="Category:Louisville metropolitan area">Category (metro area)</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Louisville" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Louisville">WikiProject</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36107#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36107#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36107#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000120239631">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/36972485">VIAF</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/256577938">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/35385/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJhhpY7HqMrj3BrR3G89jC">WorldCat</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjqxdVHDhPDvvPBpFdX8G3">2</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118501976">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79054611">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12240256s">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12240256s">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00431234">Japan</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00436137">2</a></li></ul></li><li>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/RAVV041998">Italy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35806242">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19981001869&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1181021">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/93804">Portugal</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069352666">Netherlands</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/2126485">Norway</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/96012359">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000230969&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000104973">Chile</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=258970">Greece</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC2018I3541">Korea</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/jgvxxkn221gns3b">Sweden</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810545263705606">Poland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007308953205171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058615737006706">Catalonia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA08134736?l=en">CiNii</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/9127d17a-8005-46a9-bf9d-b46e92f2952f">MusicBrainz</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/2e63a93e-99e8-48b2-91a8-d2b990d5bd2a">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grammy.com/artists/cassius-clay/61">Grammy Awards</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1095822">Trove</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118501976.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118501976">DDB</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/031126537">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10581509">NARA</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6rr26h6">SNAC</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/39687">Te Papa (New Zealand)</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Ali&oldid=1259669131">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Ali&oldid=1259669131</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Muhammad_Ali" title="Category:Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1942_births" title="Category:1942 births">1942 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2016_deaths" title="Category:2016 deaths">2016 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_rappers" title="Category:20th-century American rappers">20th-century American rappers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Muslims" title="Category:20th-century Muslims">20th-century Muslims</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_Muslims" title="Category:21st-century Muslims">21st-century Muslims</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Activists_for_African-American_civil_rights" title="Category:Activists for African-American civil rights">Activists for African-American civil rights</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_civil_rights_activists" title="Category:American civil rights activists">American civil rights activists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Activists_from_Kentucky" title="Category:Activists from Kentucky">Activists from Kentucky</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:African-American_boxers" title="Category:African-American boxers">African-American boxers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:African-American_male_rappers" title="Category:African-American male rappers">African-American male rappers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:African-American_poets" title="Category:African-American poets">African-American poets</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:African-American_Sunni_Muslims" title="Category:African-American Sunni Muslims">African-American Sunni Muslims</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_anti%E2%80%93Vietnam_War_activists" title="Category:American anti–Vietnam War activists">American anti–Vietnam War activists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_conscientious_objectors" title="Category:American conscientious objectors">American conscientious objectors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_former_Protestants" title="Category:American former Protestants">American former Protestants</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_male_boxers" title="Category:American male boxers">American male boxers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_male_poets" title="Category:American male poets">American male poets</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_male_rappers" title="Category:American male rappers">American male rappers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_Muslim_activists" title="Category:American Muslim activists">American Muslim activists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_people_of_Irish_descent" title="Category:American people of Irish descent">American people of Irish descent</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_people_of_Malagasy_descent" title="Category:American people of Malagasy descent">American people of Malagasy descent</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_philanthropists" title="Category:American philanthropists">American philanthropists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_spoken_word_poets" title="Category:American spoken word poets">American spoken word poets</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_Sufis" title="Category:American Sufis">American Sufis</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_sportspeople_in_doping_cases" title="Category:American sportspeople in doping cases">American sportspeople in doping cases</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:BBC_Sports_Personality_World_Sport_Star_of_the_Year_winners" title="Category:BBC Sports Personality World Sport Star of the Year winners">BBC Sports Personality World Sport Star of the Year winners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Boxers_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="Category:Boxers at the 1960 Summer Olympics">Boxers at the 1960 Summer Olympics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Boxers_from_Arizona" title="Category:Boxers from Arizona">Boxers from Arizona</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Boxers_from_Chicago" title="Category:Boxers from Chicago">Boxers from Chicago</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Boxers_from_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Category:Boxers from Louisville, Kentucky">Boxers from Louisville, Kentucky</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Boxers_from_New_Jersey" title="Category:Boxers from New Jersey">Boxers from New Jersey</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Burials_at_Cave_Hill_Cemetery" title="Category:Burials at Cave Hill Cemetery">Burials at Cave Hill Cemetery</a></li><li><a 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members">Former Nation of Islam members</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:International_Boxing_Hall_of_Fame_inductees" title="Category:International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees">International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Medalists_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="Category:Medalists at the 1960 Summer Olympics">Medalists at the 1960 Summer Olympics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Muslims_from_Arizona" title="Category:Muslims from Arizona">Muslims from Arizona</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Muslims_from_Kentucky" title="Category:Muslims from Kentucky">Muslims from Kentucky</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Muslims_from_New_Jersey" title="Category:Muslims from New Jersey">Muslims from New Jersey</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Neurological_disease_deaths_in_Arizona" title="Category:Neurological disease deaths in Arizona">Neurological disease deaths in Arizona</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Olympic_boxers_for_the_United_States" title="Category:Olympic boxers for the United States">Olympic boxers for the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Olympic_cauldron_lighters" title="Category:Olympic cauldron lighters">Olympic cauldron lighters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Olympic_gold_medalists_for_the_United_States_in_boxing" title="Category:Olympic gold medalists for the United States in boxing">Olympic gold medalists for the United States in boxing</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Overturned_convictions_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Overturned convictions in the United States">Overturned convictions in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Paradise_Valley,_Arizona" title="Category:People from Paradise Valley, Arizona">People from Paradise Valley, Arizona</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_with_Parkinson%27s_disease" title="Category:People with Parkinson's disease">People with Parkinson's disease</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_with_traumatic_brain_injuries" title="Category:People with traumatic brain injuries">People with traumatic brain injuries</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Poets_from_Arizona" title="Category:Poets from Arizona">Poets from Arizona</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Poets_from_Kentucky" title="Category:Poets from Kentucky">Poets from Kentucky</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Poets_from_New_Jersey" title="Category:Poets from New Jersey">Poets from New Jersey</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Presidential_Citizens_Medal_recipients" title="Category:Presidential Citizens Medal recipients">Presidential Citizens Medal recipients</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom_recipients" title="Category:Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients">Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Professional_wrestling_referees" title="Category:Professional wrestling referees">Professional wrestling referees</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rappers_from_Kentucky" title="Category:Rappers from Kentucky">Rappers from Kentucky</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_from_Cherry_Hill,_New_Jersey" title="Category:Sportspeople from Cherry Hill, New Jersey">Sportspeople from Cherry Hill, New Jersey</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_from_the_Phoenix_metropolitan_area" title="Category:Sportspeople from the Phoenix metropolitan area">Sportspeople from the Phoenix metropolitan area</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_with_dyslexia" title="Category:Sportspeople with dyslexia">Sportspeople with dyslexia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:The_Ring_(magazine)_champions" title="Category:The Ring (magazine) champions">The Ring (magazine) champions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vietnam_War_draft_evaders" title="Category:Vietnam War draft evaders">Vietnam War draft evaders</a></li><li><a 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[\"CITEREFBinghamWallace2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBlaine_Henry2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBollinger\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBresnahan2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrewer2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrian_Becker2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBryan2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBucktin2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBucktin2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBulman2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBurkeman2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBurkett2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBurkholder2016\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFCalfas2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCalkins2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCapouya2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCartwright2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCepeda2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChasmar2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChristian2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChristopherSmith2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFColin2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCoomes2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCrouse2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCuddihy2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCuddy1964\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCzachor2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavis2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDonelson2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundeeMaule1967\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEgerton1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEig2017\"] = 4,\n [\"CITEREFEmery2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEzra2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEzra2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEzra2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFatsis2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFernandez,_Pedro_Fernandez2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFoley2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFForeman2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFosterAllen2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFriedman1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGarcia2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGates2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGitonga2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGlanton2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGonzalez2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGorn,_Elliott1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrant2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGray2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGross2016\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFHaas2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHajeski2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHale2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHall2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHallett\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHamptonFayerFlynn1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHandler1964\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHauser\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHauser1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHauser2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHauser2012\"] = 3,\n [\"CITEREFHauser2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHaygood2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHill2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHissner2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHorowitz2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIrusta2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohnson2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJones2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKandel2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKang2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKaukas1978\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKeating2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKellum1967\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKhaled2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKlimas2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKoch\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKrantz2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLadd2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLanger2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLassiter1979\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLaufenberg2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLee1974\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLevin2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLipsyte1964\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLipsyte2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLitman2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMartin2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMather2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMaule1967\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcAvennie2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcDonald2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcDougall2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMedsger2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMetz2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMichel2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMicklos2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMiller1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMitchell2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMogul2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMohammed2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNack1981\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNeel\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNetwork\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Reilly2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOfori-Mensah2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPeter2016\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFPilkington2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPitzer2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPutnam2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFQuittner1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRahman2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRaimondi2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRajeev2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRapold2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReemstsma1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReeves2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReilly2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReitwiesner\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRemnick2014\"] = 4,\n [\"CITEREFRhoden2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoberts1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRovell2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRubin2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRushJoanna_MolloyLola_OgunnaikeKasia_Anderson2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRyan2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchilling2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchneiderman2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchreinerGalofaro2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchuppe2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchwartz\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSelbe2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShafer2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShafer2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShalit1980\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShenon1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSheridan2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmith2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpears1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStar-Ledger2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSteinberg2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSugar2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTallent2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThomas1984\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTinsley2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTinsley2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFToff2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVachss2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVan_Lange1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVaughan\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVaughnLee1986\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVelin2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVilla2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWalker2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWard2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWhitcomb2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilson2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWolfson\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWyshynski2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZidan2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZirin2016\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFZirin2020\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 1,\n [\"' \\\"\"] = 1,\n [\"'s\"] = 1,\n [\"Abbr\"] = 6,\n [\"Age in years and days\"] = 61,\n [\"Arthur Ashe Courage\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"BBC Sports Personality World Sport Star of the Year\"] = 1,\n [\"Better source needed\"] = 2,\n [\"Birth date\"] = 1,\n [\"Blockquote\"] = 3,\n [\"BoxRec\"] = 1,\n [\"Boxing record summary\"] = 1,\n [\"Boxrec\"] = 1,\n [\"Cbignore\"] = 17,\n [\"Citation\"] = 2,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 6,\n [\"Cite AV media\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite LPD\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 39,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 33,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 162,\n [\"Cite press release\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite tweet\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 121,\n [\"Clear\"] = 1,\n [\"Cn\"] = 2,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 2,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Ali, Muhammad\"] = 1,\n [\"Death date and age\"] = 1,\n [\"Dts\"] = 11,\n [\"Em\"] = 3,\n [\"External media\"] = 2,\n [\"Flagicon\"] = 4,\n [\"Flagu\"] = 1,\n [\"Footer Olympic Champions Boxing Light Heavyweight\"] = 1,\n [\"Free access\"] = 1,\n [\"Further\"] = 3,\n [\"GBurl\"] = 8,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 3,\n [\"Hickok Belt\"] = 1,\n [\"Hidden\"] = 1,\n [\"IMDb name\"] = 1,\n [\"IPA\"] = 1,\n [\"IPAc-en\"] = 2,\n [\"Inflation\"] = 12,\n [\"Infobox boxer\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox person\"] = 1,\n [\"Louisville\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 14,\n [\"Marriage\"] = 4,\n [\"MedalCompetition\"] = 4,\n [\"MedalCountry\"] = 1,\n [\"MedalGold\"] = 7,\n [\"MedalSport\"] = 1,\n [\"Muhammad Ali\"] = 1,\n [\"NAACP Image Award – President's Award\"] = 1,\n [\"Navboxes\"] = 1,\n [\"Nbsp\"] = 20,\n [\"Ndash\"] = 3,\n [\"No2\"] = 5,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Official website\"] = 1,\n [\"Olympedia\"] = 1,\n [\"Olympics.com profile\"] = 1,\n [\"Other uses\"] = 1,\n [\"Page needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Plainlist\"] = 6,\n [\"Poem quote\"] = 2,\n [\"Portal\"] = 1,\n [\"Pp-vandalism\"] = 1,\n [\"Quote box\"] = 2,\n [\"Redirect\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 2,\n [\"Refn\"] = 2,\n [\"S-aft\"] = 2,\n [\"S-bef\"] = 2,\n [\"S-end\"] = 1,\n [\"S-sports\"] = 1,\n [\"S-start\"] = 1,\n [\"S-ttl\"] = 2,\n [\"See also\"] = 1,\n [\"See below\"] = 1,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Small\"] = 133,\n [\"Subscription required\"] = 1,\n [\"Team USA Hall of Fame\"] = 1,\n [\"Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century\"] = 1,\n [\"URL\"] = 1,\n [\"US$\"] = 2,\n [\"Use American English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use mdy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"WWE Hall of Fame\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 5,\n [\"Wikiquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Yes2\"] = 56,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","440","17.5"],["dataWrapper 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