Evidence found of only known familial practice of long-term embalming in Early Modern France

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<p> <span class="tick-mark"></span> trusted source </p> <p> <span class="tick-mark"></span> proofread </p> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="text-extra-large line-low mb-2">Evidence found of only known familial practice of long-term embalming in Early Modern France</h1> <p class="article-byline text-low"> by Bob Yirka , Phys.org </p> <div class="mt-4 article-main"> <div class="article-gallery lightGallery"> <div data-thumb="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2024/evidence-found-of-only-1.jpg" data-src="https://scx2.b-cdn.net/gfx/news/hires/2024/evidence-found-of-only-1.jpg" data-sub-html="Individual burial ML2021 found in the chevet of the chapel in 2021. (a) In situ photo 漏 H. Gaillard; (b) Marks of embalming on the cranium; (c) Marks on the right humerus (antero-medial view), (d) Marks on the left tibia (anterior view) 漏 C. Partiot and M. Bessou. Credit: <i>Scientific Reports</i> (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-78258-w"> <figure class="article-img"> <img src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/800a/2024/evidence-found-of-only-1.jpg" alt="Evidence found of only known familial practice of long-term embalming in Early Modern France" title="Individual burial ML2021 found in the chevet of the chapel in 2021. (a) In situ photo 漏 H. Gaillard; (b) Marks of embalming on the cranium; (c) Marks on the right humerus (antero-medial view), (d) Marks on the left tibia (anterior view) 漏 C. Partiot and M. Bessou. Credit: Scientific Reports (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-78258-w" width="800" height="530"> <figcaption class="text-darken text-low-up text-truncate-js text-truncate mt-3"> Individual burial ML2021 found in the chevet of the chapel in 2021. (a) In situ photo 漏 H. Gaillard; (b) Marks of embalming on the cranium; (c) Marks on the right humerus (antero-medial view), (d) Marks on the left tibia (anterior view) 漏 C. Partiot and M. Bessou. Credit: <i>Scientific Reports</i> (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-78258-w </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div><p>A team of bioarchaeologists from the Austrian Archaeological Institute at the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Universit茅 de Bordeaux, and Aix-Marseille Universit茅 has found evidence of an aristocratic family in France embalming their loved ones after death for nearly two centuries. In their paper <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-78258-w" target="_blank">published</a> in the journal <i>Scientific Reports</i>, the group describes the find as the first of its kind.</p> <div class="ads d-print-none text-center mb-4 w-100">  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1449240174198-2'> <script type='text/javascript'> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1449240174198-2'); }); </script> </div> </div> <p>Prior research has shown that people in Ancient Egypt and parts of South America practiced the art of embalming their dead. In this new effort, the research team has found evidence of similar efforts for people born to an aristocratic family in France during the early parts of the 16th to the latter parts of the 17th century.</p> <p>In studying the techniques used by the embalmers, the researchers have found that the goal was not to preserve the bodies for as long as possible but just long enough for a burial ceremony to be undertaken.</p> <p>The work by the researchers involved the study of the skeletal remains of 12 people buried in a shared crypt used by the Caumont family at Ch芒teau des Milandes for nearly two centuries. The researchers found approximately 2,000 <a href="https://phys.org/tags/bone+fragments/" rel="tag" class="textTag">bone fragments</a>, all from seven adults and five children, and embalmed similarly.</p> <div class="article-gallery lightGallery"> <div data-thumb="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2024/evidence-found-of-only.jpg" data-src="https://scx2.b-cdn.net/gfx/news/hires/2024/evidence-found-of-only.jpg" data-sub-html="(a) Location of the Ch芒teau des Milandes in Castelnaud-la-Chapelle, Dordogne, France. Map: https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/2377311#map=5/45.416/3.691; (b) Aerial view of the Ch芒teau des Milandes (left) and the chapel (right), 漏 D. Castex; (c) Map of the chapel, modified after the map of F. Mandon (Atemporelle Archaeological service). In gray: elevations dating from the second half of the 15th century; in yellow: elevations dating from the beginning of the 16th century; in blue: crypt dating from the 2nd half of the 16th century; in purple: individual burial ML2021; (d) Entrance to the crypt in the chapel, 漏 F. Mandon; (e) interior of the crypt, details 漏 F. Mandon. Credit: <i>Scientific Reports</i> (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-78258-w"> <figure class="article-img text-center"> <img src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/800a/2024/evidence-found-of-only.jpg" alt="Evidence found of only known familial practice of long-term embalming in Early Modern France" title="(a) Location of the Ch芒teau des Milandes in Castelnaud-la-Chapelle, Dordogne, France. Map: https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/2377311#map=5/45.416/3.691; (b) Aerial view of the Ch芒teau des Milandes (left) and the chapel (right), 漏 D. Castex; (c) Map of the chapel, modified after the map of F. Mandon (Atemporelle Archaeological service). In gray: elevations dating from the second half of the 15th century; in yellow: elevations dating from the beginning of the 16th century; in blue: crypt dating from the 2nd half of the 16th century; in purple: individual burial ML2021; (d) Entrance to the crypt in the chapel, 漏 F. Mandon; (e) interior of the crypt, details 漏 F. Mandon. Credit: Scientific Reports (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-78258-w"> <figcaption class="text-left text-darken text-truncate text-low-up mt-3"> (a) Location of the Ch芒teau des Milandes in Castelnaud-la-Chapelle, Dordogne, France. Map: https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/2377311#map=5/45.416/3.691; (b) Aerial view of the Ch芒teau des Milandes (left) and the chapel (right), 漏 D. Castex; (c) Map of the chapel, modified after the map of F. Mandon (Atemporelle Archaeological service). In gray: elevations dating from the second half of the 15th century; in yellow: elevations dating from the beginning of the 16th century; in blue: crypt dating from the 2nd half of the 16th century; in purple: individual burial ML2021; (d) Entrance to the crypt in the chapel, 漏 F. Mandon; (e) interior of the crypt, details 漏 F. Mandon. Credit: <i>Scientific Reports</i> (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-78258-w </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <p>The process, the researchers found, involved removing all the deceased person's internal organs, including the brain鈥攖he skulls were sliced open cleanly to allow for replacement afterward. The body was thoroughly washed and filled with an embalming substance made of balsam and other aromatic materials.</p> <p>The research team notes that the embalming process was identical to that described by French surgeon Pierre Dionis in a 1708 autopsy instruction manual. They also noted that the embalming process was the same for the children as it was for the adults鈥攁nd that it had been handed down over generations.</p> <p>The researchers note that their find is the first of its kind, pointing out that multiple embalmings of people from the same family are quite rare in any part of the world. They suggest that such long-term practice of the rite shows that the Caumont family was very wealthy and likely held high prestige.</p> <div class="article-main__more p-4"> <p><strong>More information:</strong> Caroline Partiot et al, First bioarchaeological evidence of the familial practice of embalming of infant and adult relatives in Early Modern France, <i>Scientific Reports</i> (2024). <a data-doi="1" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-78258-w" target="_blank">DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-78258-w</a> <div class="mt-3"> <p> <strong>Journal information:</strong> <a href="https://phys.org/journals/scientific-reports/"><cite>Scientific Reports</cite></a> <a class="icon_open" href="http://www.nature.com/srep/index.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"> <svg> <use href="https://phys.b-cdn.net/tmpl/v6/img/svg/sprite.svg#icon_open" x="0" y="0"/> </svg> </a> </p> </div> </div> <p class="article-main__note mt-4"> 漏 2024 Science X Network </p>  <div class="d-none d-print-block"> <div class="mb-4"> <strong>Citation</strong>: Evidence found of only known familial practice of long-term embalming in Early Modern France (2024, November 28) retrieved 28 November 2024 from https://phys.org/news/2024-11-evidence-familial-term-embalming-early.html </div> <div class="border text-muted p-3"> This document is subject to copyright. 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Evidence found of only known familial practice of long-term embalming in Early Modern France