CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" class="no-js"> <head prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/resource/css/site-content.css?0df25e731f02961bcc763b302b3a082f"/>   <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,400i,600"> <link media="print" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/resource/css/print.css"/> <script type="text/javascript"> var siteUrlPrefix = "/plosone/"; </script> <script src="/resource/js/vendor/modernizr-v2.7.1.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/vendor/detectizr.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/resource/img/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>  <script type='text/javascript'> var googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; (function() { var gads = document.createElement('script'); gads.async = true; gads.type = 'text/javascript'; var useSSL = 'https:' == document.location.protocol; gads.src = (useSSL ? 'https:' : 'http:') + '//www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js'; var node = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; node.parentNode.insertBefore(gads, node); })(); </script>  <script id="doubleClickSetupScript" type='text/javascript'> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.defineSlot('/75507958/PONE_728x90_ATF', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-1458247671871-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/75507958/PONE_160x600_BTF', [160, 600], 'div-gpt-ad-1458247671871-1').addService(googletag.pubads()); var personalizedAds = window.plosCookieConsent && window.plosCookieConsent.hasConsented('advertising'); googletag.pubads().setRequestNonPersonalizedAds(personalizedAds ? 0 : 1); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.enableServices(); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var WombatConfig = WombatConfig || {}; WombatConfig.journalKey = "PLoSONE"; WombatConfig.journalName = "PLOS One"; WombatConfig.figurePath = "/plosone/article/figure/image"; WombatConfig.figShareInstitutionString = "plos"; WombatConfig.doiResolverPrefix = "https://dx.plos.org/"; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var WombatConfig = WombatConfig || {}; WombatConfig.metrics = WombatConfig.metrics || {}; WombatConfig.metrics.referenceUrl = "http://lagotto.io/plos"; WombatConfig.metrics.googleScholarUrl = "https://scholar.google.com/scholar"; WombatConfig.metrics.googleScholarCitationUrl = WombatConfig.metrics.googleScholarUrl + "?hl=en&lr=&q="; WombatConfig.metrics.crossrefUrl = "https://www.crossref.org"; </script> <script defer="defer" src="/resource/js/defer.js?94d25648e7eaf3e1771c"></script><script src="/resource/js/sync.js?94d25648e7eaf3e1771c"></script> <script src="/resource/js/vendor/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/vendor/fastclick/lib/fastclick.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/vendor/foundation/foundation.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/vendor/underscore-min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/vendor/underscore.string.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/vendor/moment.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/vendor/jquery-ui-effects.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/vendor/foundation/foundation.tooltip.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/vendor/foundation/foundation.dropdown.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/vendor/foundation/foundation.tab.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/vendor/foundation/foundation.reveal.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/vendor/foundation/foundation.slider.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/util/utils.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/components/toggle.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/components/truncate_elem.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/components/tooltip_hover.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/vendor/jquery.dotdotdot.js" type="text/javascript"></script>  <script> dataLayer = [{ 'mobileSite': 'false', 'desktopSite': 'true' }]; </script> <title>PLOS One</title>  <script> $(document).ready(()=> { let lemurTitle = $('article > h1').text(); if (lemurTitle && lemurTitle != '') { $('title').text(lemurTitle + ' | ' + 'PLOS One'); } }); </script> </head> <body class="static plosone">  <noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TP26BH" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <script> (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= '//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-TP26BH'); </script> <noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MQQMGF" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= '//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MQQMGF');</script>   <script> // from https://developers.hubspot.com/docs/reference/api/analytics-and-events/cookie-banner/cookie-banner-api#example-using-a-third-party-cookie-banner-to-control-hubspot-cookies window.disableHubSpotCookieBanner = true; window._hsp = window._hsp || []; window._hsp.push(['setHubSpotConsent', { analytics: window.plosCookieConsent?.hasConsented('analytics'), advertisement: window.plosCookieConsent?.hasConsented('advertising'), functionality: window.plosCookieConsent?.hasConsented('functionality') } ]); </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="hs-script-loader" async defer src="//js.hs-scripts.com/44092021.js"></script>   <script type="text/javascript"> ;window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.init={distributed_tracing:{enabled:true},privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}}; window.NREUM||(NREUM={}),__nr_require=function(t,e,n){function r(n){if(!e[n]){var o=e[n]={exports:{}};t[n][0].call(o.exports,function(e){var o=t[n][1][e];return r(o||e)},o,o.exports)}return e[n].exports}if("function"==typeof __nr_require)return __nr_require;for(var o=0;o<n.length;o++)r(n[o]);return r}({1:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){try{s.console&&console.log(t)}catch(e){}}var o,i=t("ee"),a=t(32),s={};try{o=localStorage.getItem("__nr_flags").split(","),console&&"function"==typeof console.log&&(s.console=!0,o.indexOf("dev")!==-1&&(s.dev=!0),o.indexOf("nr_dev")!==-1&&(s.nrDev=!0))}catch(c){}s.nrDev&&i.on("internal-error",function(t){r(t.stack)}),s.dev&&i.on("fn-err",function(t,e,n){r(n.stack)}),s.dev&&(r("NR AGENT IN DEVELOPMENT MODE"),r("flags: "+a(s,function(t,e){return t}).join(", ")))},{}],2:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e,n,r,s){try{l?l-=1:o(s||new UncaughtException(t,e,n),!0)}catch(f){try{i("ierr",[f,c.now(),!0])}catch(d){}}return"function"==typeof u&&u.apply(this,a(arguments))}function UncaughtException(t,e,n){this.message=t||"Uncaught error with no additional information",this.sourceURL=e,this.line=n}function o(t,e){var n=e?null:c.now();i("err",[t,n])}var i=t("handle"),a=t(33),s=t("ee"),c=t("loader"),f=t("gos"),u=window.onerror,d=!1,p="nr@seenError";if(!c.disabled){var l=0;c.features.err=!0,t(1),window.onerror=r;try{throw new Error}catch(h){"stack"in h&&(t(14),t(13),"addEventListener"in window&&t(7),c.xhrWrappable&&t(15),d=!0)}s.on("fn-start",function(t,e,n){d&&(l+=1)}),s.on("fn-err",function(t,e,n){d&&!n[p]&&(f(n,p,function(){return!0}),this.thrown=!0,o(n))}),s.on("fn-end",function(){d&&!this.thrown&&l>0&&(l-=1)}),s.on("internal-error",function(t){i("ierr",[t,c.now(),!0])})}},{}],3:[function(t,e,n){var r=t("loader");r.disabled||(r.features.ins=!0)},{}],4:[function(t,e,n){function r(){U++,L=g.hash,this[u]=y.now()}function o(){U--,g.hash!==L&&i(0,!0);var t=y.now();this[h]=~~this[h]+t-this[u],this[d]=t}function i(t,e){E.emit("newURL",[""+g,e])}function a(t,e){t.on(e,function(){this[e]=y.now()})}var s="-start",c="-end",f="-body",u="fn"+s,d="fn"+c,p="cb"+s,l="cb"+c,h="jsTime",m="fetch",v="addEventListener",w=window,g=w.location,y=t("loader");if(w[v]&&y.xhrWrappable&&!y.disabled){var x=t(11),b=t(12),E=t(9),R=t(7),O=t(14),T=t(8),P=t(15),S=t(10),M=t("ee"),N=M.get("tracer"),C=t(23);t(17),y.features.spa=!0;var L,U=0;M.on(u,r),b.on(p,r),S.on(p,r),M.on(d,o),b.on(l,o),S.on(l,o),M.buffer([u,d,"xhr-resolved"]),R.buffer([u]),O.buffer(["setTimeout"+c,"clearTimeout"+s,u]),P.buffer([u,"new-xhr","send-xhr"+s]),T.buffer([m+s,m+"-done",m+f+s,m+f+c]),E.buffer(["newURL"]),x.buffer([u]),b.buffer(["propagate",p,l,"executor-err","resolve"+s]),N.buffer([u,"no-"+u]),S.buffer(["new-jsonp","cb-start","jsonp-error","jsonp-end"]),a(T,m+s),a(T,m+"-done"),a(S,"new-jsonp"),a(S,"jsonp-end"),a(S,"cb-start"),E.on("pushState-end",i),E.on("replaceState-end",i),w[v]("hashchange",i,C(!0)),w[v]("load",i,C(!0)),w[v]("popstate",function(){i(0,U>1)},C(!0))}},{}],5:[function(t,e,n){function r(){var t=new PerformanceObserver(function(t,e){var n=t.getEntries();s(v,[n])});try{t.observe({entryTypes:["resource"]})}catch(e){}}function o(t){if(s(v,[window.performance.getEntriesByType(w)]),window.performance["c"+p])try{window.performance[h](m,o,!1)}catch(t){}else try{window.performance[h]("webkit"+m,o,!1)}catch(t){}}function i(t){}if(window.performance&&window.performance.timing&&window.performance.getEntriesByType){var a=t("ee"),s=t("handle"),c=t(14),f=t(13),u=t(6),d=t(23),p="learResourceTimings",l="addEventListener",h="removeEventListener",m="resourcetimingbufferfull",v="bstResource",w="resource",g="-start",y="-end",x="fn"+g,b="fn"+y,E="bstTimer",R="pushState",O=t("loader");if(!O.disabled){O.features.stn=!0,t(9),"addEventListener"in window&&t(7);var T=NREUM.o.EV;a.on(x,function(t,e){var n=t[0];n instanceof T&&(this.bstStart=O.now())}),a.on(b,function(t,e){var n=t[0];n instanceof T&&s("bst",[n,e,this.bstStart,O.now()])}),c.on(x,function(t,e,n){this.bstStart=O.now(),this.bstType=n}),c.on(b,function(t,e){s(E,[e,this.bstStart,O.now(),this.bstType])}),f.on(x,function(){this.bstStart=O.now()}),f.on(b,function(t,e){s(E,[e,this.bstStart,O.now(),"requestAnimationFrame"])}),a.on(R+g,function(t){this.time=O.now(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash}),a.on(R+y,function(t){s("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time])}),u()?(s(v,[window.performance.getEntriesByType("resource")]),r()):l in window.performance&&(window.performance["c"+p]?window.performance[l](m,o,d(!1)):window.performance[l]("webkit"+m,o,d(!1))),document[l]("scroll",i,d(!1)),document[l]("keypress",i,d(!1)),document[l]("click",i,d(!1))}}},{}],6:[function(t,e,n){e.exports=function(){return"PerformanceObserver"in window&&"function"==typeof window.PerformanceObserver}},{}],7:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){for(var e=t;e&&!e.hasOwnProperty(u);)e=Object.getPrototypeOf(e);e&&o(e)}function o(t){s.inPlace(t,[u,d],"-",i)}function i(t,e){return t[1]}var a=t("ee").get("events"),s=t("wrap-function")(a,!0),c=t("gos"),f=XMLHttpRequest,u="addEventListener",d="removeEventListener";e.exports=a,"getPrototypeOf"in Object?(r(document),r(window),r(f.prototype)):f.prototype.hasOwnProperty(u)&&(o(window),o(f.prototype)),a.on(u+"-start",function(t,e){var n=t[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var r=c(n,"nr@wrapped",function(){function t(){if("function"==typeof n.handleEvent)return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)}var e={object:t,"function":n}[typeof n];return e?s(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n});this.wrapped=t[1]=r}}),a.on(d+"-start",function(t){t[1]=this.wrapped||t[1]})},{}],8:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e,n){var r=t[e];"function"==typeof r&&(t[e]=function(){var t=i(arguments),e={};o.emit(n+"before-start",[t],e);var a;e[m]&&e[m].dt&&(a=e[m].dt);var s=r.apply(this,t);return o.emit(n+"start",[t,a],s),s.then(function(t){return o.emit(n+"end",[null,t],s),t},function(t){throw o.emit(n+"end",[t],s),t})})}var o=t("ee").get("fetch"),i=t(33),a=t(32);e.exports=o;var s=window,c="fetch-",f=c+"body-",u=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],d=s.Request,p=s.Response,l=s.fetch,h="prototype",m="nr@context";d&&p&&l&&(a(u,function(t,e){r(d[h],e,f),r(p[h],e,f)}),r(s,"fetch",c),o.on(c+"end",function(t,e){var n=this;if(e){var r=e.headers.get("content-length");null!==r&&(n.rxSize=r),o.emit(c+"done",[null,e],n)}else o.emit(c+"done",[t],n)}))},{}],9:[function(t,e,n){var r=t("ee").get("history"),o=t("wrap-function")(r);e.exports=r;var i=window.history&&window.history.constructor&&window.history.constructor.prototype,a=window.history;i&&i.pushState&&i.replaceState&&(a=i),o.inPlace(a,["pushState","replaceState"],"-")},{}],10:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){function e(){f.emit("jsonp-end",[],l),t.removeEventListener("load",e,c(!1)),t.removeEventListener("error",n,c(!1))}function n(){f.emit("jsonp-error",[],l),f.emit("jsonp-end",[],l),t.removeEventListener("load",e,c(!1)),t.removeEventListener("error",n,c(!1))}var r=t&&"string"==typeof t.nodeName&&"script"===t.nodeName.toLowerCase();if(r){var o="function"==typeof t.addEventListener;if(o){var a=i(t.src);if(a){var d=s(a),p="function"==typeof d.parent[d.key];if(p){var l={};u.inPlace(d.parent,[d.key],"cb-",l),t.addEventListener("load",e,c(!1)),t.addEventListener("error",n,c(!1)),f.emit("new-jsonp",[t.src],l)}}}}}function o(){return"addEventListener"in window}function i(t){var e=t.match(d);return e?e[1]:null}function a(t,e){var n=t.match(l),r=n[1],o=n[3];return o?a(o,e[r]):e[r]}function s(t){var e=t.match(p);return e&&e.length>=3?{key:e[2],parent:a(e[1],window)}:{key:t,parent:window}}var c=t(23),f=t("ee").get("jsonp"),u=t("wrap-function")(f);if(e.exports=f,o()){var d=/[?&](?:callback|cb)=([^&#]+)/,p=/(.*)\.([^.]+)/,l=/^(\w+)(\.|$)(.*)$/,h=["appendChild","insertBefore","replaceChild"];Node&&Node.prototype&&Node.prototype.appendChild?u.inPlace(Node.prototype,h,"dom-"):(u.inPlace(HTMLElement.prototype,h,"dom-"),u.inPlace(HTMLHeadElement.prototype,h,"dom-"),u.inPlace(HTMLBodyElement.prototype,h,"dom-")),f.on("dom-start",function(t){r(t[0])})}},{}],11:[function(t,e,n){var r=t("ee").get("mutation"),o=t("wrap-function")(r),i=NREUM.o.MO;e.exports=r,i&&(window.MutationObserver=function(t){return this instanceof i?new i(o(t,"fn-")):i.apply(this,arguments)},MutationObserver.prototype=i.prototype)},{}],12:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){var e=i.context(),n=s(t,"executor-",e,null,!1),r=new f(n);return i.context(r).getCtx=function(){return e},r}var o=t("wrap-function"),i=t("ee").get("promise"),a=t("ee").getOrSetContext,s=o(i),c=t(32),f=NREUM.o.PR;e.exports=i,f&&(window.Promise=r,["all","race"].forEach(function(t){var e=f[t];f[t]=function(n){function r(t){return function(){i.emit("propagate",[null,!o],a,!1,!1),o=o||!t}}var o=!1;c(n,function(e,n){Promise.resolve(n).then(r("all"===t),r(!1))});var a=e.apply(f,arguments),s=f.resolve(a);return s}}),["resolve","reject"].forEach(function(t){var e=f[t];f[t]=function(t){var n=e.apply(f,arguments);return t!==n&&i.emit("propagate",[t,!0],n,!1,!1),n}}),f.prototype["catch"]=function(t){return this.then(null,t)},f.prototype=Object.create(f.prototype,{constructor:{value:r}}),c(Object.getOwnPropertyNames(f),function(t,e){try{r[e]=f[e]}catch(n){}}),o.wrapInPlace(f.prototype,"then",function(t){return function(){var e=this,n=o.argsToArray.apply(this,arguments),r=a(e);r.promise=e,n[0]=s(n[0],"cb-",r,null,!1),n[1]=s(n[1],"cb-",r,null,!1);var c=t.apply(this,n);return r.nextPromise=c,i.emit("propagate",[e,!0],c,!1,!1),c}}),i.on("executor-start",function(t){t[0]=s(t[0],"resolve-",this,null,!1),t[1]=s(t[1],"resolve-",this,null,!1)}),i.on("executor-err",function(t,e,n){t[1](n)}),i.on("cb-end",function(t,e,n){i.emit("propagate",[n,!0],this.nextPromise,!1,!1)}),i.on("propagate",function(t,e,n){this.getCtx&&!e||(this.getCtx=function(){if(t instanceof Promise)var e=i.context(t);return e&&e.getCtx?e.getCtx():this})}),r.toString=function(){return""+f})},{}],13:[function(t,e,n){var r=t("ee").get("raf"),o=t("wrap-function")(r),i="equestAnimationFrame";e.exports=r,o.inPlace(window,["r"+i,"mozR"+i,"webkitR"+i,"msR"+i],"raf-"),r.on("raf-start",function(t){t[0]=o(t[0],"fn-")})},{}],14:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e,n){t[0]=a(t[0],"fn-",null,n)}function o(t,e,n){this.method=n,this.timerDuration=isNaN(t[1])?0:+t[1],t[0]=a(t[0],"fn-",this,n)}var i=t("ee").get("timer"),a=t("wrap-function")(i),s="setTimeout",c="setInterval",f="clearTimeout",u="-start",d="-";e.exports=i,a.inPlace(window,[s,"setImmediate"],s+d),a.inPlace(window,[c],c+d),a.inPlace(window,[f,"clearImmediate"],f+d),i.on(c+u,r),i.on(s+u,o)},{}],15:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e){d.inPlace(e,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",s)}function o(){var t=this,e=u.context(t);t.readyState>3&&!e.resolved&&(e.resolved=!0,u.emit("xhr-resolved",[],t)),d.inPlace(t,y,"fn-",s)}function i(t){x.push(t),m&&(E?E.then(a):w?w(a):(R=-R,O.data=R))}function a(){for(var t=0;t<x.length;t++)r([],x[t]);x.length&&(x=[])}function s(t,e){return e}function c(t,e){for(var n in t)e[n]=t[n];return e}t(7);var f=t("ee"),u=f.get("xhr"),d=t("wrap-function")(u),p=t(23),l=NREUM.o,h=l.XHR,m=l.MO,v=l.PR,w=l.SI,g="readystatechange",y=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],x=[];e.exports=u;var b=window.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){var e=new h(t);try{u.emit("new-xhr",[e],e),e.addEventListener(g,o,p(!1))}catch(n){try{u.emit("internal-error",[n])}catch(r){}}return e};if(c(h,b),b.prototype=h.prototype,d.inPlace(b.prototype,["open","send"],"-xhr-",s),u.on("send-xhr-start",function(t,e){r(t,e),i(e)}),u.on("open-xhr-start",r),m){var E=v&&v.resolve();if(!w&&!v){var R=1,O=document.createTextNode(R);new m(a).observe(O,{characterData:!0})}}else f.on("fn-end",function(t){t[0]&&t[0].type===g||a()})},{}],16:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){if(!s(t))return null;var e=window.NREUM;if(!e.loader_config)return null;var n=(e.loader_config.accountID||"").toString()||null,r=(e.loader_config.agentID||"").toString()||null,f=(e.loader_config.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!r)return null;var h=l.generateSpanId(),m=l.generateTraceId(),v=Date.now(),w={spanId:h,traceId:m,timestamp:v};return(t.sameOrigin||c(t)&&p())&&(w.traceContextParentHeader=o(h,m),w.traceContextStateHeader=i(h,v,n,r,f)),(t.sameOrigin&&!u()||!t.sameOrigin&&c(t)&&d())&&(w.newrelicHeader=a(h,m,v,n,r,f)),w}function o(t,e){return"00-"+e+"-"+t+"-01"}function i(t,e,n,r,o){var i=0,a="",s=1,c="",f="";return o+"@nr="+i+"-"+s+"-"+n+"-"+r+"-"+t+"-"+a+"-"+c+"-"+f+"-"+e}function a(t,e,n,r,o,i){var a="btoa"in window&&"function"==typeof window.btoa;if(!a)return null;var s={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:r,ap:o,id:t,tr:e,ti:n}};return i&&r!==i&&(s.d.tk=i),btoa(JSON.stringify(s))}function s(t){return f()&&c(t)}function c(t){var e=!1,n={};if("init"in NREUM&&"distributed_tracing"in NREUM.init&&(n=NREUM.init.distributed_tracing),t.sameOrigin)e=!0;else if(n.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var r=0;r<n.allowed_origins.length;r++){var o=h(n.allowed_origins[r]);if(t.hostname===o.hostname&&t.protocol===o.protocol&&t.port===o.port){e=!0;break}}return e}function f(){return"init"in NREUM&&"distributed_tracing"in NREUM.init&&!!NREUM.init.distributed_tracing.enabled}function u(){return"init"in NREUM&&"distributed_tracing"in NREUM.init&&!!NREUM.init.distributed_tracing.exclude_newrelic_header}function d(){return"init"in NREUM&&"distributed_tracing"in NREUM.init&&NREUM.init.distributed_tracing.cors_use_newrelic_header!==!1}function p(){return"init"in NREUM&&"distributed_tracing"in NREUM.init&&!!NREUM.init.distributed_tracing.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}var l=t(29),h=t(18);e.exports={generateTracePayload:r,shouldGenerateTrace:s}},{}],17:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){var e=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(var r=0;r<p;r++)t.removeEventListener(d[r],this.listener,!1);e.aborted||(n.duration=a.now()-this.startTime,this.loadCaptureCalled||4!==t.readyState?null==e.status&&(e.status=0):i(this,t),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,s("xhr",[e,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this))}}function o(t,e){var n=c(e),r=t.params;r.hostname=n.hostname,r.port=n.port,r.protocol=n.protocol,r.host=n.hostname+":"+n.port,r.pathname=n.pathname,t.parsedOrigin=n,t.sameOrigin=n.sameOrigin}function i(t,e){t.params.status=e.status;var n=v(e,t.lastSize);if(n&&(t.metrics.rxSize=n),t.sameOrigin){var r=e.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");r&&(t.params.cat=r.split(", ").pop())}t.loadCaptureCalled=!0}var a=t("loader");if(a.xhrWrappable&&!a.disabled){var s=t("handle"),c=t(18),f=t(16).generateTracePayload,u=t("ee"),d=["load","error","abort","timeout"],p=d.length,l=t("id"),h=t(24),m=t(22),v=t(19),w=t(23),g=NREUM.o.REQ,y=window.XMLHttpRequest;a.features.xhr=!0,t(15),t(8),u.on("new-xhr",function(t){var e=this;e.totalCbs=0,e.called=0,e.cbTime=0,e.end=r,e.ended=!1,e.xhrGuids={},e.lastSize=null,e.loadCaptureCalled=!1,e.params=this.params||{},e.metrics=this.metrics||{},t.addEventListener("load",function(n){i(e,t)},w(!1)),h&&(h>34||h<10)||t.addEventListener("progress",function(t){e.lastSize=t.loaded},w(!1))}),u.on("open-xhr-start",function(t){this.params={method:t[0]},o(this,t[1]),this.metrics={}}),u.on("open-xhr-end",function(t,e){"loader_config"in NREUM&&"xpid"in NREUM.loader_config&&this.sameOrigin&&e.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",NREUM.loader_config.xpid);var n=f(this.parsedOrigin);if(n){var r=!1;n.newrelicHeader&&(e.setRequestHeader("newrelic",n.newrelicHeader),r=!0),n.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.setRequestHeader("traceparent",n.traceContextParentHeader),n.traceContextStateHeader&&e.setRequestHeader("tracestate",n.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r&&(this.dt=n)}}),u.on("send-xhr-start",function(t,e){var n=this.metrics,r=t[0],o=this;if(n&&r){var i=m(r);i&&(n.txSize=i)}this.startTime=a.now(),this.listener=function(t){try{"abort"!==t.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==t.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof e.onload))&&o.end(e)}catch(n){try{u.emit("internal-error",[n])}catch(r){}}};for(var s=0;s<p;s++)e.addEventListener(d[s],this.listener,w(!1))}),u.on("xhr-cb-time",function(t,e,n){this.cbTime+=t,e?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof n.onload||this.end(n)}),u.on("xhr-load-added",function(t,e){var n=""+l(t)+!!e;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[n]&&(this.xhrGuids[n]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}),u.on("xhr-load-removed",function(t,e){var n=""+l(t)+!!e;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[n]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[n],this.totalCbs-=1)}),u.on("xhr-resolved",function(){this.endTime=a.now()}),u.on("addEventListener-end",function(t,e){e instanceof y&&"load"===t[0]&&u.emit("xhr-load-added",[t[1],t[2]],e)}),u.on("removeEventListener-end",function(t,e){e instanceof y&&"load"===t[0]&&u.emit("xhr-load-removed",[t[1],t[2]],e)}),u.on("fn-start",function(t,e,n){e instanceof y&&("onload"===n&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(t[0]&&t[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=a.now()))}),u.on("fn-end",function(t,e){this.xhrCbStart&&u.emit("xhr-cb-time",[a.now()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,e],e)}),u.on("fetch-before-start",function(t){function e(t,e){var n=!1;return e.newrelicHeader&&(t.set("newrelic",e.newrelicHeader),n=!0),e.traceContextParentHeader&&(t.set("traceparent",e.traceContextParentHeader),e.traceContextStateHeader&&t.set("tracestate",e.traceContextStateHeader),n=!0),n}var n,r=t[1]||{};"string"==typeof t[0]?n=t[0]:t[0]&&t[0].url?n=t[0].url:window.URL&&t[0]&&t[0]instanceof URL&&(n=t[0].href),n&&(this.parsedOrigin=c(n),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var o=f(this.parsedOrigin);if(o&&(o.newrelicHeader||o.traceContextParentHeader))if("string"==typeof t[0]||window.URL&&t[0]&&t[0]instanceof URL){var i={};for(var a in r)i[a]=r[a];i.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),e(i.headers,o)&&(this.dt=o),t.length>1?t[1]=i:t.push(i)}else t[0]&&t[0].headers&&e(t[0].headers,o)&&(this.dt=o)}),u.on("fetch-start",function(t,e){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=a.now(),this.dt=e,t.length>=1&&(this.target=t[0]),t.length>=2&&(this.opts=t[1]);var n,r=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?n=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof g?n=i.url:window.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(n=i.href),o(this,n);var s=(""+(i&&i instanceof g&&i.method||r.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=s,this.txSize=m(r.body)||0}),u.on("fetch-done",function(t,e){this.endTime=a.now(),this.params||(this.params={}),this.params.status=e?e.status:0;var n;"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);var r={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:a.now()-this.startTime};s("xhr",[this.params,r,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this)})}},{}],18:[function(t,e,n){var r={};e.exports=function(t){if(t in r)return r[t];var e=document.createElement("a"),n=window.location,o={};e.href=t,o.port=e.port;var i=e.href.split("://");!o.port&&i[1]&&(o.port=i[1].split("/")[0].split("@").pop().split(":")[1]),o.port&&"0"!==o.port||(o.port="https"===i[0]?"443":"80"),o.hostname=e.hostname||n.hostname,o.pathname=e.pathname,o.protocol=i[0],"/"!==o.pathname.charAt(0)&&(o.pathname="/"+o.pathname);var a=!e.protocol||":"===e.protocol||e.protocol===n.protocol,s=e.hostname===document.domain&&e.port===n.port;return o.sameOrigin=a&&(!e.hostname||s),"/"===o.pathname&&(r[t]=o),o}},{}],19:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e){var n=t.responseType;return"json"===n&&null!==e?e:"arraybuffer"===n||"blob"===n||"json"===n?o(t.response):"text"===n||""===n||void 0===n?o(t.responseText):void 0}var o=t(22);e.exports=r},{}],20:[function(t,e,n){function r(){}function o(t,e,n,r){return function(){return u.recordSupportability("API/"+e+"/called"),i(t+e,[f.now()].concat(s(arguments)),n?null:this,r),n?void 0:this}}var i=t("handle"),a=t(32),s=t(33),c=t("ee").get("tracer"),f=t("loader"),u=t(25),d=NREUM;"undefined"==typeof window.newrelic&&(newrelic=d);var p=["setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","inlineHit","addRelease"],l="api-",h=l+"ixn-";a(p,function(t,e){d[e]=o(l,e,!0,"api")}),d.addPageAction=o(l,"addPageAction",!0),d.setCurrentRouteName=o(l,"routeName",!0),e.exports=newrelic,d.interaction=function(){return(new r).get()};var m=r.prototype={createTracer:function(t,e){var n={},r=this,o="function"==typeof e;return i(h+"tracer",[f.now(),t,n],r),function(){if(c.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[f.now(),r,o],n),o)try{return e.apply(this,arguments)}catch(t){throw c.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],n),t}finally{c.emit("fn-end",[f.now()],n)}}}};a("actionText,setName,setAttribute,save,ignore,onEnd,getContext,end,get".split(","),function(t,e){m[e]=o(h,e)}),newrelic.noticeError=function(t,e){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),u.recordSupportability("API/noticeError/called"),i("err",[t,f.now(),!1,e])}},{}],21:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){if(NREUM.init){for(var e=NREUM.init,n=t.split("."),r=0;r<n.length-1;r++)if(e=e[n[r]],"object"!=typeof e)return;return e=e[n[n.length-1]]}}e.exports={getConfiguration:r}},{}],22:[function(t,e,n){e.exports=function(t){if("string"==typeof t&&t.length)return t.length;if("object"==typeof t){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&t instanceof ArrayBuffer&&t.byteLength)return t.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&t instanceof Blob&&t.size)return t.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&t instanceof FormData))try{return JSON.stringify(t).length}catch(e){return}}}},{}],23:[function(t,e,n){var r=!1;try{var o=Object.defineProperty({},"passive",{get:function(){r=!0}});window.addEventListener("testPassive",null,o),window.removeEventListener("testPassive",null,o)}catch(i){}e.exports=function(t){return r?{passive:!0,capture:!!t}:!!t}},{}],24:[function(t,e,n){var r=0,o=navigator.userAgent.match(/Firefox[\/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);o&&(r=+o[1]),e.exports=r},{}],25:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e){var n=[a,t,{name:t},e];return i("storeMetric",n,null,"api"),n}function o(t,e){var n=[s,t,{name:t},e];return i("storeEventMetrics",n,null,"api"),n}var i=t("handle"),a="sm",s="cm";e.exports={constants:{SUPPORTABILITY_METRIC:a,CUSTOM_METRIC:s},recordSupportability:r,recordCustom:o}},{}],26:[function(t,e,n){function r(){return s.exists&&performance.now?Math.round(performance.now()):(i=Math.max((new Date).getTime(),i))-a}function o(){return i}var i=(new Date).getTime(),a=i,s=t(34);e.exports=r,e.exports.offset=a,e.exports.getLastTimestamp=o},{}],27:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){return!(!t||!t.protocol||"file:"===t.protocol)}e.exports=r},{}],28:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e){var n=t.getEntries();n.forEach(function(t){"first-paint"===t.name?p("timing",["fp",Math.floor(t.startTime)]):"first-contentful-paint"===t.name&&p("timing",["fcp",Math.floor(t.startTime)])})}function o(t,e){var n=t.getEntries();if(n.length>0){var r=n[n.length-1];if(c&&c<r.startTime)return;p("lcp",[r])}}function i(t){t.getEntries().forEach(function(t){t.hadRecentInput||p("cls",[t])})}function a(t){if(t instanceof v&&!g){var e=Math.round(t.timeStamp),n={type:t.type};e<=l.now()?n.fid=l.now()-e:e>l.offset&&e<=Date.now()?(e-=l.offset,n.fid=l.now()-e):e=l.now(),g=!0,p("timing",["fi",e,n])}}function s(t){"hidden"===t&&(c=l.now(),p("pageHide",[c]))}if(!("init"in NREUM&&"page_view_timing"in NREUM.init&&"enabled"in NREUM.init.page_view_timing&&NREUM.init.page_view_timing.enabled===!1)){var c,f,u,d,p=t("handle"),l=t("loader"),h=t(31),m=t(23),v=NREUM.o.EV;if("PerformanceObserver"in window&&"function"==typeof window.PerformanceObserver){f=new PerformanceObserver(r);try{f.observe({entryTypes:["paint"]})}catch(w){}u=new PerformanceObserver(o);try{u.observe({entryTypes:["largest-contentful-paint"]})}catch(w){}d=new PerformanceObserver(i);try{d.observe({type:"layout-shift",buffered:!0})}catch(w){}}if("addEventListener"in document){var g=!1,y=["click","keydown","mousedown","pointerdown","touchstart"];y.forEach(function(t){document.addEventListener(t,a,m(!1))})}h(s)}},{}],29:[function(t,e,n){function r(){function t(){return e?15&e[n++]:16*Math.random()|0}var e=null,n=0,r=window.crypto||window.msCrypto;r&&r.getRandomValues&&(e=r.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(31)));for(var o,i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx",a="",s=0;s<i.length;s++)o=i[s],"x"===o?a+=t().toString(16):"y"===o?(o=3&t()|8,a+=o.toString(16)):a+=o;return a}function o(){return a(16)}function i(){return a(32)}function a(t){function e(){return n?15&n[r++]:16*Math.random()|0}var n=null,r=0,o=window.crypto||window.msCrypto;o&&o.getRandomValues&&Uint8Array&&(n=o.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(31)));for(var i=[],a=0;a<t;a++)i.push(e().toString(16));return i.join("")}e.exports={generateUuid:r,generateSpanId:o,generateTraceId:i}},{}],30:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e){if(!o)return!1;if(t!==o)return!1;if(!e)return!0;if(!i)return!1;for(var n=i.split("."),r=e.split("."),a=0;a<r.length;a++)if(r[a]!==n[a])return!1;return!0}var o=null,i=null,a=/Version\/(\S+)\s+Safari/;if(navigator.userAgent){var s=navigator.userAgent,c=s.match(a);c&&s.indexOf("Chrome")===-1&&s.indexOf("Chromium")===-1&&(o="Safari",i=c[1])}e.exports={agent:o,version:i,match:r}},{}],31:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){function e(){t(s&&document[s]?document[s]:document[i]?"hidden":"visible")}"addEventListener"in document&&a&&document.addEventListener(a,e,o(!1))}var o=t(23);e.exports=r;var i,a,s;"undefined"!=typeof document.hidden?(i="hidden",a="visibilitychange",s="visibilityState"):"undefined"!=typeof document.msHidden?(i="msHidden",a="msvisibilitychange"):"undefined"!=typeof document.webkitHidden&&(i="webkitHidden",a="webkitvisibilitychange",s="webkitVisibilityState")},{}],32:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e){var n=[],r="",i=0;for(r in t)o.call(t,r)&&(n[i]=e(r,t[r]),i+=1);return n}var o=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;e.exports=r},{}],33:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e,n){e||(e=0),"undefined"==typeof n&&(n=t?t.length:0);for(var r=-1,o=n-e||0,i=Array(o<0?0:o);++r<o;)i[r]=t[e+r];return i}e.exports=r},{}],34:[function(t,e,n){e.exports={exists:"undefined"!=typeof window.performance&&window.performance.timing&&"undefined"!=typeof window.performance.timing.navigationStart}},{}],ee:[function(t,e,n){function r(){}function o(t){function e(t){return t&&t instanceof r?t:t?f(t,c,a):a()}function n(n,r,o,i,a){if(a!==!1&&(a=!0),!l.aborted||i){t&&a&&t(n,r,o);for(var s=e(o),c=m(n),f=c.length,u=0;u<f;u++)c[u].apply(s,r);var p=d[y[n]];return p&&p.push([x,n,r,s]),s}}function i(t,e){g[t]=m(t).concat(e)}function h(t,e){var n=g[t];if(n)for(var r=0;r<n.length;r++)n[r]===e&&n.splice(r,1)}function m(t){return g[t]||[]}function v(t){return p[t]=p[t]||o(n)}function w(t,e){l.aborted||u(t,function(t,n){e=e||"feature",y[n]=e,e in d||(d[e]=[])})}var g={},y={},x={on:i,addEventListener:i,removeEventListener:h,emit:n,get:v,listeners:m,context:e,buffer:w,abort:s,aborted:!1};return x}function i(t){return f(t,c,a)}function a(){return new r}function s(){(d.api||d.feature)&&(l.aborted=!0,d=l.backlog={})}var c="nr@context",f=t("gos"),u=t(32),d={},p={},l=e.exports=o();e.exports.getOrSetContext=i,l.backlog=d},{}],gos:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e,n){if(o.call(t,e))return t[e];var r=n();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(t,e,{value:r,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),r}catch(i){}return t[e]=r,r}var o=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;e.exports=r},{}],handle:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e,n,r){o.buffer([t],r),o.emit(t,e,n)}var o=t("ee").get("handle");e.exports=r,r.ee=o},{}],id:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){var e=typeof t;return!t||"object"!==e&&"function"!==e?-1:t===window?0:a(t,i,function(){return o++})}var o=1,i="nr@id",a=t("gos");e.exports=r},{}],loader:[function(t,e,n){function r(){if(!P++){var t=T.info=NREUM.info,e=v.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];if(setTimeout(f.abort,3e4),!(t&&t.licenseKey&&t.applicationID&&e))return f.abort();c(R,function(e,n){t[e]||(t[e]=n)});var n=a();s("mark",["onload",n+T.offset],null,"api"),s("timing",["load",n]);var r=v.createElement("script");0===t.agent.indexOf("http://")||0===t.agent.indexOf("https://")?r.src=t.agent:r.src=h+"://"+t.agent,e.parentNode.insertBefore(r,e)}}function o(){"complete"===v.readyState&&i()}function i(){s("mark",["domContent",a()+T.offset],null,"api")}var a=t(26),s=t("handle"),c=t(32),f=t("ee"),u=t(30),d=t(27),p=t(21),l=t(23),h=p.getConfiguration("ssl")===!1?"http":"https",m=window,v=m.document,w="addEventListener",g="attachEvent",y=m.XMLHttpRequest,x=y&&y.prototype,b=!d(m.location);NREUM.o={ST:setTimeout,SI:m.setImmediate,CT:clearTimeout,XHR:y,REQ:m.Request,EV:m.Event,PR:m.Promise,MO:m.MutationObserver};var E=""+location,R={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net",agent:"js-agent.newrelic.com/nr-spa-1212.min.js"},O=y&&x&&x[w]&&!/CriOS/.test(navigator.userAgent),T=e.exports={offset:a.getLastTimestamp(),now:a,origin:E,features:{},xhrWrappable:O,userAgent:u,disabled:b};if(!b){t(20),t(28),v[w]?(v[w]("DOMContentLoaded",i,l(!1)),m[w]("load",r,l(!1))):(v[g]("onreadystatechange",o),m[g]("onload",r)),s("mark",["firstbyte",a.getLastTimestamp()],null,"api");var P=0}},{}],"wrap-function":[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e){function n(e,n,r,c,f){function nrWrapper(){var i,a,u,p;try{a=this,i=d(arguments),u="function"==typeof r?r(i,a):r||{}}catch(l){o([l,"",[i,a,c],u],t)}s(n+"start",[i,a,c],u,f);try{return p=e.apply(a,i)}catch(h){throw s(n+"err",[i,a,h],u,f),h}finally{s(n+"end",[i,a,p],u,f)}}return a(e)?e:(n||(n=""),nrWrapper[p]=e,i(e,nrWrapper,t),nrWrapper)}function r(t,e,r,o,i){r||(r="");var s,c,f,u="-"===r.charAt(0);for(f=0;f<e.length;f++)c=e[f],s=t[c],a(s)||(t[c]=n(s,u?c+r:r,o,c,i))}function s(n,r,i,a){if(!h||e){var s=h;h=!0;try{t.emit(n,r,i,e,a)}catch(c){o([c,n,r,i],t)}h=s}}return t||(t=u),n.inPlace=r,n.flag=p,n}function o(t,e){e||(e=u);try{e.emit("internal-error",t)}catch(n){}}function i(t,e,n){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{var r=Object.keys(t);return r.forEach(function(n){Object.defineProperty(e,n,{get:function(){return t[n]},set:function(e){return t[n]=e,e}})}),e}catch(i){o([i],n)}for(var a in t)l.call(t,a)&&(e[a]=t[a]);return e}function a(t){return!(t&&t instanceof Function&&t.apply&&!t[p])}function s(t,e){var n=e(t);return n[p]=t,i(t,n,u),n}function c(t,e,n){var r=t[e];t[e]=s(r,n)}function f(){for(var t=arguments.length,e=new Array(t),n=0;n<t;++n)e[n]=arguments[n];return e}var u=t("ee"),d=t(33),p="nr@original",l=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,h=!1;e.exports=r,e.exports.wrapFunction=s,e.exports.wrapInPlace=c,e.exports.argsToArray=f},{}]},{},["loader",2,17,5,3,4]); ;NREUM.loader_config={accountID:"804283",trustKey:"804283",agentID:"402703674",licenseKey:"cf99e8d2a3",applicationID:"402703674"} ;NREUM.info={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net",licenseKey:"cf99e8d2a3", // Modified this value from the generated script, to pass prod vs dev applicationID: window.location.hostname.includes('journals.plos.org') ? "402703674" : "402694889", sa:1} </script>  <header> <div id="topslot" class="head-top"> <a id="skip-to-content" tabindex="0" class="button" href="#main-content"> Skip to main content </a> <div class="center"> <div class="title">Advertisement</div>  <div class='advertisement' id='div-gpt-ad-1458247671871-0' style='width:728px; height:90px;'> <script type='text/javascript'> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1458247671871-0'); }); </script> </div> </div> </div> <div id="user" class="nav" data-user-management-url="https://community.plos.org"> </div> <div id="pagehdr"> <nav class="nav-main"> <h1 class="logo"> <a href="/plosone/.">PLOS One</a> </h1> <section class="top-bar-section"> <ul class="nav-elements"> <li class="multi-col-parent menu-section-header has-dropdown" id="publish"> Publish <div class="dropdown mega "> <ul class="multi-col" id="publish-dropdown-list"> <li class="menu-section-header " id="submissions"> <span class="menu-section-header-title"> Submissions </span> <ul class="menu-section " id="submissions-dropdown-list"> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/getting-started" >Getting Started</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/submission-guidelines" >Submission Guidelines</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/figures" >Figures</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/tables" >Tables</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/supporting-information" >Supporting Information</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/latex" >LaTeX</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/what-we-publish" >What We Publish</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/preprints" >Preprints</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/revising-your-manuscript" >Revising Your Manuscript</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/submit-now" >Submit Now</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://collections.plos.org/s/calls-for-papers" >Calls for Papers</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-section-header " id="policies"> <span class="menu-section-header-title"> Policies </span> <ul class="menu-section " id="policies-dropdown-list"> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/best-practices-in-research-reporting" >Best Practices in Research Reporting</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/human-subjects-research" >Human Subjects Research</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/animal-research" >Animal Research</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/competing-interests" >Competing Interests</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/disclosure-of-funding-sources" >Disclosure of Funding Sources</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/licenses-and-copyright" >Licenses and Copyright</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/data-availability" >Data Availability</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/complementary-research" >Complementary Research</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/materials-software-and-code-sharing" >Materials, Software and Code Sharing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/ethical-publishing-practice" >Ethical Publishing Practice</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/authorship" >Authorship</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/corrections-expressions-of-concern-and-retractions" >Corrections, Expressions of Concern, and Retractions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-section-header " id="manuscript-review-and-publication"> <span class="menu-section-header-title"> Manuscript Review and Publication </span> <ul class="menu-section " id="manuscript-review-and-publication-dropdown-list"> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/criteria-for-publication" >Criteria for Publication</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/editorial-and-peer-review-process" >Editorial and Peer Review Process</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://plos.org/resources/editor-center" >Editor Center</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/resources-for-editors" >Resources for Editors</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/reviewer-guidelines" >Guidelines for Reviewers</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/accepted-manuscripts" >Accepted Manuscripts</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/comments" >Comments</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <div class="calloutcontainer"> <h3 class="callout-headline">Submit Your Manuscript</h3> <div class="action-contain"> <p class="callout-content"> Discover a faster, simpler path to publishing in a high-quality journal. <em>PLOS ONE</em> promises fair, rigorous peer review, broad scope, and wide readership – a perfect fit for your research every time. </p> <p class="button-contain special"> <a class="button button-default" href="/plosone/static/publish"> Learn More </a> <a class="button-link" href="https://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/default.asp"> Submit Now </a> </p> </div>  </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-section-header has-dropdown " id="about"> <span class="menu-section-header-title"> About </span> <ul class="menu-section dropdown " id="about-dropdown-list"> <li> <a href="/plosone/static/publish" >Why Publish with PLOS ONE</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/journal-information" >Journal Information</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/staff-editors" >Staff Editors</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/static/editorial-board" >Editorial Board</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/section-editors" >Section Editors</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/advisory-groups" >Advisory Groups</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/find-and-read-articles" >Find and Read Articles</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/publishing-information" >Publishing Information</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://plos.org/publication-fees" >Publication Fees</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://plos.org/press-and-media" >Press and Media</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/s/contact" >Contact</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li data-js-tooltip-hover="trigger" class="subject-area menu-section-header"> Browse </li> <script src="/resource/js/vendor/jquery.hoverIntent.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/components/menu_drop.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/resource/js/components/hover_delay.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <li id="navsearch" class="head-search"> <form name="searchForm" action="/plosone/search" method="get"> <fieldset> <legend>Search</legend> <label for="search">Search</label> <div class="search-contain"> <input id="search" type="text" name="q" placeholder="SEARCH" required/> <button id="headerSearchButton" type="submit" aria-label="Submit search"> <i title="Submit search" class="search-icon"></i> </button> </div> </fieldset> <input type="hidden" name="filterJournals" value="PLoSONE"/> </form> <a id="advSearch" href="/plosone/search"> advanced search </a> <script src="/resource/js/components/placeholder_style.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </li> </ul> </section> </nav> </div> </header> <section id="taxonomyContainer"> <script src="/resource/js/taxonomy-browser.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <div id="taxonomy-browser" class="areas" data-search-url="/plosone/browse"> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="taxonomy-header"> Browse Subject Areas <div id="subjInfo">?</div> <div id="subjInfoText"> <p>Click through the PLOS taxonomy to find articles in your field.</p> <p>For more information about PLOS Subject Areas, click <a href="https://github.com/PLOS/plos-thesaurus/blob/master/README.md" target="_blank" title="Link opens in new window">here</a>. </p> </div> </div> <div class="levels"> <div class="levels-container cf"> <div class="levels-position"></div> </div> <a href="#" class="prev"></a> <a href="#" class="next active"></a> </div> </div> <div class="taxonomy-browser-border-bottom"></div> </div> </section> <main id="main-content"> <div class="lemur-content two-column"> <nav class="site-content-nav"> <ul class="nav-page"> <li data-anchor="loc-a-b" name="loc-a-b"><a href="#loc-a-b"> A-B </a></li> <li data-anchor="loc-c-f" name="loc-c-f"><a href="#loc-c-f"> C-F </a></li> <li data-anchor="loc-g-k" name="loc-g-k"><a href="#loc-g-k"> G-K </a></li> <li data-anchor="loc-l-m" name="loc-l-m"><a href="#loc-l-m"> L-M </a></li> <li data-anchor="loc-n-s" name="loc-n-s"><a href="#loc-n-s"> N-S </a></li> <li data-anchor="loc-t-z" name="loc-t-z"><a href="#loc-t-z"> T-Z </a></li> </ul> </nav> <article> <h1>Section Editors</h1> <div data-section-id="2799"> <p><em><i>PLOS ONE</i></em> Section Editors are experts in the fields of research they serve, experienced in the peer review process, ambassadors for Open Science, and active participants in their communities. They serve as advisors to the journal staff in their corresponding <a href="/plosone/s/editorial-board-sections">section</a>, working on special issues including policy development and reporting guidelines. </p> </div> <div data-section-id="322"> <table class="table-basic"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h2 style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 1.6875rem 0px 1.125rem; padding: 0px; font-family: arial; font-weight: normal; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-rendering: optimizelegibility; line-height: normal; font-size: 1.25rem; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a data-anchor-id="8261" id="loc-a-b" name="loc-a-b"></a>A-B</h2></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_b194de87c8446ea02501bd0e63384d2136b2708cd878a3ea2c0f296188a09e6d"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Ishag Adam</h4> <p>Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University<br> Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</p> <p><strong>Sections:</strong> Cardiovascular science and medicine - Hypertension; Obstetrics and gynecology; Endocrinology - Diabetes and obesity</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/9a3e214762297100dfca713e220ab606b14080787aaaa1a552dd40ce47017b3c"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Christof Aegerter</h4> <p>Universitat Zurich<br> Switzerland</p> <p><strong>Sections: </strong>Biophysics</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_35968312ca8b5b9bc8962d26ed4b1bd2b28c9aa5874e57bb2a6eada5d2e649ae"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Shah Md Atiqul Haq</h4> <p>Department of Sociology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet<br> Bangladesh</p> <p><strong>Sections: </strong>Sociology; Demography; Human geography</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/b1a7b6f04ea3f404de221f37f78f7f65f6239541fc59ceac72fe304e4701c536"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Vipul Bansal</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3354-4317"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0002-3354-4317</a></p> <p>Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, and RMIT University<br> Australia</p> <p><strong>Sections:</strong> Biotechnology - Bioengineering</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/e3630a9f9429ebc5f98f2f179b1c81242c0de661519c635386dc4e2bf52b21d4"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Baruch Barzel</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8862-4384"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0001-8862-4384</a></p> <p>Bar-Ilan University<br> Israel</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Physics and astronomy - Multidisciplinary, Mathematics - Applied mathematics, Biophysics</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_96bb91ceddccaf7133dcaf087aa816dc8200d769068da953f42b758a0a19ea90"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Emanuele Bobbio</h4> <p>Sahlgrenska University Hospital<br> Sweden</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Cardiovascular science and medicine - Arrhythmias and cardiac electrophysiology, Cardiovascular science and medicine - Heart failure and cardiomyopathies, Cardiovascular science and medicine - Interventional cardiology and cardiovascular surgery</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_45ca5829512a1cb6cd79ec68370114e0a17348865f17388b883a13a4f6ea16cd"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Luisa N. Borrell</h4> <p>City University of New York<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Public health and epidemiology - Biostatistics and methods, Public health and epidemiology - Chronic diseases</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_527231273b358b21e0879579fdb8238a5c44fedcdf47c15c1e528278ebd2713e"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Justin Brown</h4> <p>Pennington Biomedical research Center<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Cancer – Epidemiology and clinical medicine, Endocrinology – Diabetes and obesity, Public health and epidemiology – Chronic diseases</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/e7a6e35daad00124bbe81f8b4a472d959f1cd40529af458de7864b3e212b5805"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Vladimir Brusic</h4> <p>University of Nottingham<br> China</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Computational biology - General</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/c685dd32ee2e78d17f2428fec7f09e700fa6a793182cb2973ef29ff515661df5"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Emmanuel A. Burdmann</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7644-8579"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0002-7644-8579</a></p> <p>University of São Paulo Medical School<br> Brazil</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Nephrology</p></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table class="table-basic"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"> <h2><a data-anchor-id="4628" id="loc-c-f" name="loc-c-f"></a>C-F</h2></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_6c5de81e4be005e7ca870471f154514c8e7a2be9239001aef3de4b70cfba5833"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Ning Cai</h4> <p><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7837-282X" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 5, 119); line-height: inherit; text-decoration-line: none; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><img src="https://journals.plos.org/resource/img/orcid-16x16.png" style="border:none; box-sizing:border-box; display:inline-block; height:auto; max-width:100%; vertical-align:middle"></a> <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3836-4822">orcid.org/0000-0003-3836-4822</a></p> <p>Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications<br> China</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Computer and information sciences - Artificial intelligence, machine learning and data science, Engineering and technology - Systems science and computational engineering</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/9a3e214762297100dfca713e220ab606b14080787aaaa1a552dd40ce47017b3c"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Jie Chen</h4> <p>Shanghai Jiao Tong University<br> China</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Urban Studies</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_989b0baa3f137ee3b57b73a0344c444046b25bce01c91290fd4e5fa04b8db3d0"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Johnson Chun-Sing Cheung</h4> <p><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7837-282X" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 5, 119); line-height: inherit; text-decoration-line: none; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><img src="https://journals.plos.org/resource/img/orcid-16x16.png" style="border:none; box-sizing:border-box; display:inline-block; height:auto; max-width:100%; vertical-align:middle"></a><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7837-282X">orcid.org/0000-0002-7837-282X</a></p> <p>The University of Hong Kong<br> Hong Kong</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Sociology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_512741a1d1a2e87629b8a9df0472165a5d951b1a1a8fa0cd45c521ba06872ba6"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Mark Cookson</h4> <p>National Institutes of Health<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Neuroscience - Neurodegenerative diseases and dementia, Cell biology - General, Genetics - Mutation; Genetics of disease; Heredity</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="Lee Cooper" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_d93dffe64ab88e0fb459a218421837dd536c346d2accc1b8976d4e604953d34e"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Lee Cooper</h4> <div> <a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5684-629X"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70"></a><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7734-8388">orcid.org/0000-0001-7734-8388</a> </div> <p>University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Biogeochemistry</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/bfdca18e9078f9298fb8b1dd031d58992f4c9772aeebde07cba5582fb633123e"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Nils Cordes</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5684-629X"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0001-5684-629X</a></p> <p>Technische Universitat Dresden<br> Germany</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Cell biology - Cytoskeleton; Cell adhesion; Cell motility, Cancer - Basic cancer research, Cancer - General</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_9b2b5d0fa1e48000ab44f79228236c324b3cbd8c66babaedf9c6bfec8fffd6b7"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Angelo Brandelli Costa</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5684-629X"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70"></a><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0742-8152">orcid.org/0000-0002-0742-8152</a></p> <p>Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul<br> Brazil</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Psychology - Social psychology, Public health and epidemiology - Health behavior, health promotion and society, Mental health and psychiatry - General</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/871f1bd3bcbde23f987fb5bd19c8344e4d6f96e53ad11c1feb695aa603b3d00f"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Emanuele Dalla Torre</h4> <p>Bar-Ilan University<br> Israel</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Physics and astronomy - Quantum physics, Physics and astronomy - Multidisciplinary, Physics and astronomy - Atomic and molecular physics</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_010e47d924d2c1c904bd2090a8738b9c787f88480fb1d20ebf44426b520db8c5"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Bryan C. Daniels</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5684-629X"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70"></a> <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5870-1059">orcid.org/0000-0002-5870-1059</a></p> <p>Arizona State University<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Physics and astronomy - Multidisciplinary, Computational biology - General, Complexity and networks</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_125c90fd7649282912d2c7076b25f19599c4c2e1f9fa3c9721fb8533bccacf23"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Michelle R. Dawson</h4> <p>Brown University<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Developmental biology - Cell differentiation; Cell fate determination; Stem cells; Embryology; Fertilization, Cancer - Basic cancer research, Biotechnology - General</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_336dfbaebf5916f596e66d1cdb5e253e15e04b554434cca0418df901a05d22ce"></td> <td> <h4>Gemma Elizabeth Derrick</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5684-629X"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70"></a> <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5386-8653">orcid.org/0000-0001-5386-8653</a></p> <p>University of Bistol<br> United Kingdom</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Research assessment</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/0011b99f6893dbc22ddc87fd963598f56dde746ec0e3c423a3014311559b131c"></td> <td> <h4>Oliver Eickelberg</h4> <p>University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Pulmonology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/adfc8a29e7ba5103ee6e9d79694ce6a949a5f9cc45f6d2818a5db0f4587f82f0"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Hany A. El-Shemy</h4> <p>Cairo University<br> Egypt</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Biotechnology - Genetic engineering</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_9acefbb198a8cebd5509226081f118ffa9fdb8b0e01aee0b66f8f8425c967733"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Isil Ergin</h4> <p>Ege University<br> Turkey</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Public health and epidemiology - Health behavior, health promotion and society</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/6374e81d52d2db5600f62cad238af7c6ac266ed606aeb3ab9b9a2243382043db"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Michael Ernst-Heinrich Fassbender</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3784-0276"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0003-3784-0276</a></p> <p>Los Alamos National Laboratory<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Chemistry - Analytical and inorganic chemistry, Physics and astronomy - Multidisciplinary</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_87f1e19cb521141755527fe9ce04192a4ef3b386ea167e9b6955dced7ab8ceab"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4><strong>Anthony R. Fiorillo</strong></h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3784-0276"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70"></a><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8998-0820">orcid.org/0000-0002-8998-0820</a></p> <p>Southern Methodist University, Institute for the Study of Earth and Man<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Paleontology - Vertebrate</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_2ac3076befdf63df425ce393b8a4c560a8b316e67119f9f456762eb0ebf5f791"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Martin Frasch</h4> <p>Univerity of Washington<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Neurocience – Neural systems and circuits, Neuroscience – Neural development and plasticity</p></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table class="table-basic"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"> <h2><strong><a data-anchor-id="4629" id="loc-g-k" name="loc-g-k"></a>G-K</strong></h2></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> <h4>Sabrina Gaito</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3779-2809"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0003-3779-2809</a></p> <p>University of Milan<br> Italy</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Computer and Information Sciences – Complexity and Networks</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/9c1d6c544af6f6b7896e06563ed09ff4a4e88fcd440cb0d4a78d850f93d501cf"></td> <td> <h4>Ferenc Gallyas Jr.</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1906-4333"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0002-1906-4333</a></p> <p>University of Pécs Medical School<br> Hungary</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Cell biology - Cell signalling; Signal transduction</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_f9ece7a49613c691fe76f3d81e4629f182ec03e8f14c80fdc3881fb423f2da81"></td> <td> <h4>Maria Gańczak</h4> <p>Uniwersytet Zielonogorski<br> Poland</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Infectious diseases - Epidemiology and prevention, Public health and epidemiology - Occupational health</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_19cfa6b71ae59a78dbfce1f7f7da5032d16b92e860ce9e00760abe5dcae04ccd"></td> <td> <h4>Markus Geßlein</h4> <p>Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversitat - Nurnberg<br> Germany</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Surgery – Orthopedic, Sport and exercise science, Rheumatology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/078b6c19da40e982d70f207a353b32fceeca2ec7270e3331f1986ffaa296e624"></td> <td> <h4>Stephen D. Ginsberg</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1797-4288"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0002-1797-4288</a></p> <p>Nathan Kline Institute and New York University<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Genetics - Gene function, Genetics - Mutation; Genetics of disease; Heredity, Neuroscience - Cellular and molecular</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_15ed24f1c0cc930d21b3a13b91dbdaeaa0c4401602dbcf63703ea083f3f8eeb9"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Lise Lotte Gluud </h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9462-4468"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0002-9462-4468</a></p> <p>Hvidovre Hospital<br> Denmark</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Research assessment</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/b954e65fc2a1b665149c005f6040d6e0b8ee54a2fce35c60180415e869e62500"></td> <td> <h4>Quanquan Gu</h4> <p>University of California, Los Angeles<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Computer and information sciences - Artificial intelligence, machine learning and data science</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_a1a1f6b700bf6d7d6022ffa64562683f34cbe93359417fe5987f6f2510dd7ebd"></td> <td> <h4>Roee Gutman</h4> <p>Brown University<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Mathematics – Statistics</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/3c8097af29d79eb392659cfd86673cdab33b0a177d7540251577bef38d93ebd0"></td> <td> <h4>Kenji Hashimoto</h4> <p>Chiba University<br> Japan</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Mental health and psychiatry - Biological, Pharmacology, Neuroscience - Neurobiology of disease; Neuropathology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_673637727af78b78212abbb08ccc5a1291fcc7993534c07ef60672519d190ee5"></td> <td> <h4>Seyed Ehtesham Hasnain</h4> <p>Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi; and Sharda University, Greater Noida<br> India</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Infectious diseases - Tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_fa40ba3c14642eb41976e6507525e6def3f5d0a4bede7a51a3bcd42c1d87622e"></td> <td> <h4>Haralampos Hatzikirou</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9462-4468"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70"></a>orcid.org/0000-0002-1270-7885</p> <p>Khalifa University<br> United Arab Emirates</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Mathematical and Theoretical Biology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/4872fcbb84b25cc1a8fd4653a63c2668d8afa9afb93619aedd7e7265014283d6"></td> <td> <h4>Berthold Heinze</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-9138"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-9138</a></p> <p>Austrian Federal Research Centre for Forests BFW<br> Austria</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Genetics - Population genetics; Evolutionary genetics, Plant biology, Agriculture - Plants</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/4a069c235cb5d8df71ffad79583aa8ce8d69d0da3443e6b06f71a8bf03a37890"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Jörg D. Hoheisel</h4> <p>Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum<br> Germany</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Synthetic biology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" style="cursor:default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_9d8d94fac46ef711bec1036437190920d0278e0b99122b0e7e050f23621e5de6"></td> <td> <h4>Jayani Jayawardhana</h4> <p>University of Kentucky<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Economics - Health economics, Health care - Health policy, Health care - Health services research</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_f12adac4d2c883c54b596e5202552bc11ec9ec223dcd5ecc02b44b0607b1d485"></td> <td> <h4>Hai Jin</h4> <p>Huazhong University of Science and Technology<br> China</p> <p><strong>Sections: </strong>Computer and Information Science</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/67fd3ff1771bcaa15873ec38b6261b669c2e592b06978a1a1186ac1d96dfcf4d"></td> <td> <h4>Christopher James Johnson</h4> <p>USGS National Wildlife Health Center<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Virology, Biochemistry - Proteins; Enzymes, Veterinary science</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/86d44a9275eae046c51e8367be34278fc925a7eb8c63bf0a3eb5af267c13f9d5"></td> <td> <h4>Andrew H. Kemp</h4> <p>Swansea University <br> United Kingdom</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Psychology - Cognitive psychology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/df064952bf778cb371cda59bf8e5fee483b945867f5639c78eef4a52eec1d899"></td> <td> <h4>Anthony Pak-Hin Kong</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-9138"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70"></a><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6211-0358">orcid.org/0000-0002-6211-0358</a></p> <p>University of Hong Kong<br> Hong Kong</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Linguistics</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_a942f199ab9f6057a8f792095522b1e952f604d05e6049be942677e436803239"></td> <td> <h4>Tendesayi Kufa</h4> <p>National Institute for Communicable Diseases<br> South Africa</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Infectious diseases - Epidemiology and prevention, Infectious diseases - HIV, Infectious diseases - Sexually transmitted diseases</p></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table class="table-basic"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"> <h2><strong><a data-anchor-id="4630" id="loc-l-m" name="loc-l-m"></a>L-M</strong></h2></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_56ba45fdf5328120597dd2bbb21874fd031dd102575178defa735cbdbf8526bd"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Jung Eun Lee</h4> <p>Seoul National University<br> Republic of Korea</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Public health and epidemiology - Environmental health, Nutrition, Cancer - General</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/a8b3fb65dbd0918a0fb97d5ed512e50526330bafbea417b767a232a1a832f661"></td> <td> <h4>Alfred S. Lewin</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4192-9727"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0002-4192-9727</a></p> <p>University of Florida<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Ophthalmology, Cell biology - Cell membranes; Vesicles; Cellular structures and organelles, Genetics - Gene expression; Epigenetics; Alternative splicing; RNA splicing; Molecular genetics</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" style="display:inline-block; float:left; font-size:13px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0.625rem; margin-top:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_62f9b9bcafd6806d9c75f7c75d5ed534ad0e6934536f20b8b3cf7aad3fac497f"></td> <td> <h4>Qihong Liu</h4> <p>University of Oklahoma<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Economics – General, Management Science</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" style="display:inline-block; float:left; font-size:13px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0.625rem; margin-top:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/c7f9871c5e65c7f088b1141642b1411eb8d85e1c0146e906bff77676c52bbc84"></td> <td> <h4>Vanesa Magar</h4> <p>Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacion Superior de Ensenada<br> Mexico</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Earth sciences - Atmospheric sciences, Earth sciences - Oceanography</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/93993338c9a6d166d0af3794bd7e46e218de453793a08e83dbd65ce0e4544b1f"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Pirjo Mäkelä</h4> <p>University of Helsinki<br> Finland</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Agriculture - Plants</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/9a3e214762297100dfca713e220ab606b14080787aaaa1a552dd40ce47017b3c"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Mercedes Susan Mandell</h4> <p>University of Colorado<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Critical care and emergency medicine</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_4d63e45606bc87547eb096234e41c034c2925ac7bf63835e8c651e5246a14528"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Richard Mankin</h4> <p>USDA ARS Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Agriculture - Plants, Biophysics, Entomology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_54588ab8165cadc15e70730f601b851dbf9ca3a4a600f2d184d4c961fc9766c1"></td> <td> <h4>Limin Mao</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0995-5789"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70"></a><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0995-5789">orcid.org/0000-0003-0995-5789</a></p> <p>Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Sydney<br> Australia</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Health care - Health services research, Infectious diseases - HIV, Public health and epidemiology - Health behavior, health promotion and society</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_466413db94d18e0aece1db89531a1efd544abbc3043f68966502717e0cfcc102"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>David McCormick</h4> <p>IIT Research Institute<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Cancer - Basic cancer research, Toxicology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/056b0217acf25f7b2617732a60b1f089ee57ccd108609ef2805d5256288045ff"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Adina Merenlender</h4> <p>University of California, Berkeley<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Conservation science</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/94d649ed782c7794143f6e782953432898c731295d8369f4ab58e6fcb603b9e4"></td> <td> <h4>Claudia Mettke-Hoffmann</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3874-5035"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0003-3874-5035</a></p> <p>Liverpool John Moores University<br> United Kingdom</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Ecology - Animals</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_954ec253a847bde0f7f95be36781c56bb08e3f050fe8bbec019a6ac8d8236f2e"></td> <td> <h4>José M. Morán</h4> <div> <a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3874-5035"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70"></a> <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-182X">orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-182X</a> </div> <div> University of Extremadura </div> <div> Spain </div> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Nursing, Biochemistry - General, Mathematics - Statistics</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_b1896fa283e6748dda871923956bbb3991a912c47b5d6b0bdd4ec18ca1b6a59a"></td> <td> <h4>Laurent Mourot</h4> <p>University of Franche-Comté<br> France</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Sport and exercise science</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/02ba8b1c1ef52f9b4f2732455cd8f02c4c24c4327406531c11cfae1a31ebd60f"></td> <td> <h4>Partha Mukhopadhyay</h4> <p>National Institutes of Health<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Cardiovascular science and medicine - Basic cardiovascular research, Molecular biology, Biotechnology - General</p></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table class="table-basic"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"> <h2><strong><a data-anchor-id="4631" id="loc-n-s" name="loc-n-s"></a>N-S</strong></h2></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_abd82a46afbc1c41d9b8c7b62ce67ed0c432fe8604d283c8ef2a591495e0fec7"></td> <td> <h4>Tomoki Nakamura</h4> <p>Mie University Graduate School of Medicine<br> Japan</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Cancer - Biomarkers, molecular diagnostics and screening, Cancer - Surgical oncology and imaging, Surgery - Orthopedic</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_b78e8d5d900887a0ba1bc830491a1b2d2e76c38461ef7ae00d1d7f027442def2"></td> <td> <h4>Hiranya K. Nath</h4> <p>Sam Houston State University<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Economics - General, Economics - Econometrics</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/e2b59993305ab7218826366f2a7d9c38a93efe782476135e2fdf3e0fa114d296"></td> <td> <h4>Olivier Neyrolles</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0047-5885"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0003-0047-5885</a></p> <p>Institute of Pharmacology & Structural Biology, CNRS at University of Toulouse<br> France</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Infectious diseases - Tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases, Microbiology - Host-pathogen interactions, Microbiology - Bacteriology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_085f1aaaa169a75a79ac1bc469fdbb0c8b6bc4f0d58d8f8e2186b73202d25528"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Ju Lee Oei</h4> <p>Royal Hospital for Women and the University of New South Wales<br> Australia</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Pediatrics</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_b0832cfbf8b722511bdcb9fe1ab1b457dadfd9913daadb7f25b9804c45b91ffb"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Ilke Onur</h4> <p>Flinders University<br> Australia</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Economics – General; Economics – Health economics; Economics – Econometrics</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/e23ce73422e1c8fac34d7e1182ac532fca52b9c46f52a7fa0517cbc68b993098"></td> <td> <h4>Joseph P.R.O. Orgel</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1050-9391"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0002-1050-9391</a></p> <p>Illinois Institute of Technology<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Biochemistry - Proteins; Enzymes, Structural biology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_eb83545f60962630f5f6027e4b3dabaab1371d0e91810d25a31c099ea566053d"></td> <td> <h4>Alexander Panfilov</h4> <p>Universiteit Gent<br> Belgium</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Cardiovascular science and medicine - Basic cardiovascular research</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/cf8d67310025a617eff4b595d912c00c20a506d5eed6f1d9b63158048d882c1a"></td> <td> <h4>Wayne A. Phillips</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7961-638X"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0002-7961-638X</a></p> <p>Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre<br> Australia</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Cancer - Basic cancer research, Cell biology - Cell signalling; Signal transduction, Gastroenterology and hepatology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_698fedfb1472ff9a48fc90e05ff08db308aab69f63023cc4adcb4586fc1e42f4"></td> <td> <h4>José M. Riascos</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7961-638X"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70"></a> <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8631-8877">orcid.org/0000-0001-8631-8877</a></p> <p>Universidad de Antioquia<br> Colombia</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Marine biology, Ecology - Animals, Ecology - Urban ecology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/0a7975cd96f5589f9f676c316eb976f1ae6fa85d571b147755076ae44cf6ed42"></td> <td> <h4>Cheryl S. Rosenfeld</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4137-3933"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70"> orcid.org/0000-0002-4137-3933</a></p> <p>University of Missouri Columbia<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Endocrinology - General</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_054347a4744bf8842a98e431897633a063bebef48bbdcce3b4685c7f37f3d319"></td> <td> <h4>Diego Rybski</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7961-638X"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70"></a> <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6125-7705">orcid.org/0000-0001-6125-7705</a></p> <p>Leibniz Institute of Ecological Urban and Regional Development (IOER)<br> Germany</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Urban studies</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> <h4>Enrico Scalas</h4> <p>University of Sussex<br> United Kingdom</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Mathematics – Statistics, Mathematics – Multidisciplinary, Mathematics – Applied Mathematics</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/d6a78b56e10956c232ad889f6822705b0118cd7db76371f0348eb8dc1206454a"></td> <td> <h4>Luis Schang</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5789-8590"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0002-5789-8590</a></p> <p>University of Alberta<br> Canada</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Infectious diseases - Viral diseases</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_94e171630e4d36498f2ebcf7026fd59d60ea7eee4f345ce191ca6bf24edd884a"></td> <td> <h4>Albert Schriefer</h4> <p>Universidade Federal da Bahia (Federal University of Bahia)<br> Brazil</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Infectious diseases - Parasitological diseases, Genetics - Population genetics; Evolutionary genetics, Molecular biology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/b8960f6e0968844673116b560e9bd6fe123b8ed21498bdd5715656aa19b37c57"></td> <td> <h4>Guy J-P. Schumann</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0968-7198"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0003-0968-7198</a></p> <p>University of Bristol and Remote Sensing Solutions Inc.<br> United Kingdom and United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Earth sciences - Multidisciplinary, Earth sciences - Physical geography</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> <h4>V. Prasad Shastri</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5125-9678"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0001-5125-9678</a></p> <p>University of Freiburg<br> Germany</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Biotechnology – Bioengineering</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_0519b67a344aa68b7660e8d721f6bd6f6496233742250c04fd8d4ac5d2d821cb"></td> <td> <h4>Debjani Sihi</h4> <p>Emory University<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Soil science, Earth sciences - Climate change, Environmental microbiology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_5ad05933f6ec481fe38f2f318b36218de3c53aeba966a5d2ca86021ca1dd12f8"></td> <td> <h4>Udai P. Singh</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1079-3406"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70"></a> <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7048-4325">orcid.org/0000-0002-7048-4325</a></p> <p>University of Tennessee Health Science Center<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Immunology - General, Immunology - Immunity</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/1dcc4be25091b5938ccc85e329b6b92654b02802e065d5f5571f4e2e37b4d46e"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Neil R. Smalheiser</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1079-3406"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0003-1079-3406</a></p> <p>University of Illinois-Chicago<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Bioinformatics, Computer and information sciences - Artificial intelligence, machine learning and data science, Library and information science</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_d43a78aa331ae8d704f6cd70f7281e68abc922836fa6f629cb02afb5a967eba1"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Michael B. Steinborn</h4> <p>Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Psychology - Cognitive psychology, Psychology - General, Psychology - Social psychology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_5b352a49068e7cdfa2072ab559bec1ada986287305f4f69bbeca66492db7225f"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Liou Sun</h4> <p>University of Alabama at Birmingham<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Nutrition, Endocrinology – Epidemiology, Neuroscience – Neurodegenerative diseases and dementia</p></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table class="table-basic"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"> <h2><a data-anchor-id="4632" id="loc-t-z" name="loc-t-z"></a>T-Z</h2></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_2da319dffbbec8f01c7ef1c2e27ee0a21d3a7718728803e4fb68b5da9f56c284"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Hirokazu Taniguchi</h4> <p>Shimonoseki City University<br> Japan</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Psychology - Social psychology, Psychology - Clinical psychology, Psychology - Developmental psychology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_9a3e214762297100dfca713e220ab606b14080787aaaa1a552dd40ce47017b3c"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Christian Taube</h4> <p>Essen University Hospital<br> Germany</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Immunology - General</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_9268021c1530f85cebb502fa908e6c8d6d2738b05ae49ac77208991ed3ff021f"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Kok Keng Tee</h4> <p>University of Malaya<br> Malaysia</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Infectious diseases - HIV, Microbiology - Virology, Evolutionary biology - Evolutionary genetics; Genomics</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_deaaf038a6951398d6471ad0a50de282cc9eb6d90349dcb3afcb2cba5119eb6b"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Joseph Telfair</h4> <p>Georgia Southern University<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Public health and epidemiology - Health policies, systems and management, Health care - Health services research, Public health and epidemiology - Health behavior, health promotion and society</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/06591a3f00939fb834e55bd24b06ee2f92a30869ae0dc26178f3581d1f158b20"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Praveen Thumbikat</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5454-4172"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0002-5454-4172</a></p> <p>Northwestern University<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Immunology - Autoimmune diseases</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/04cc362c1c5e569b5c47ded4153645fb3e553360b51f6a5338b86f16c1d6b3c7"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Rochelle Tractenberg</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1121-2119"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0002-1121-2119</a></p> <p>Georgetown University<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Public health and epidemiology - Biostatistics and methods, Education research, Mathematics - Statistics</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/e2559c8883c6b95484fcca8526fb8b1839c42290ce7dc845f02d4c8586ec3edd"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>J Trinidad Segovia</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1121-2119"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70"></a><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5017-2615">orcid.org/0000-0002-5017-2615</a></p> <p>University of Almeria<br> Spain</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Economics - Financial, Economics - General, Economics - Econometrics</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/c84327e53f44746bc0c0206a570b39cc8aff8f60c6d900b6229bb2b5a57ca487"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Edison Iglesias de Oliveira Vidal</h4> <p><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1573-4678"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70"></a><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1573-4678">orcid.org/0000-0002-1573-4678</a></p> <p>São Paulo State University (UNESP)<br> Brazil</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Geriatrics, Palliative care, Public health and epidemiology - General</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_2523ff1a7ebcbfa9d86a3d9c96aa6fad3135c26a51b2127d91823c4115bdca55"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4> I-Jong Wang</h4> <p>National Taiwan University Hospital <br> Taiwan</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Biomechanics, Ophthalmology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_910f342da153595fe916fbce9e0a2cf3715add41cae642625d1b777dd99a2a83"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Shaojian Wang</h4> <p>Sun Yat-sen University<br> China</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Urban Studies</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/9b0c4ce2f3393e15d151922bbe2d32b394843c02917f0f21a22ae63e6168f560"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Gayle E. Woloschak</h4> <p>Northwestern University<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Biotechnology - General</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/2dfffb003565dd97dc0e127c2be83044e352149b21d92d9fe15a25a40644199b"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Shin Yamazaki</h4> <p><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6691-1531"><img alt="" class="img-left" style="margin-bottom:0px" src="/plosone/indirect/ba20c9e31b58b9069a074fabb4ed785b1c66e73b4b5f8f83a53d116250f78f70">orcid.org/0000-0002-6691-1531</a></p> <p>University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center<br> United States</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Chronobiology, Neuroscience - Behavioral and cognitive</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_8afafbd74806d51e5e083c4e102ff1010251378b7e66c5e38d10266aa5ef56bb"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Rubeena Zakar</h4> <p>University of the Punjab<br> Pakistan</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Public health and epidemiology - General, Public health and epidemiology - Global health, Public health and epidemiology - Health behavior, health promotion and society</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:150px"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_9557d1c9db4cbae0e073ac3ad8a06b943af19bcf2472c2d8e5673926bcb03ac9"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Jie V Zhao</h4> <p>University of Hong Kong<br> Hong Kong</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Cardiovascular science and medicine - Epidemiology and prevention, Nutrition, Endocrinology - Epidemiology</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><img alt="" class="img-default" src="/plosone/indirect/headshot_955897b5a55cd4e832faf8eb51f03e717bc38c9b04091fba24c047ee76a072b4"></td> <td style="vertical-align:top"> <h4>Mingming Zhou</h4> <p>University of Macau<br> Macau</p> <p><strong>Sections</strong>: Education research, Psychology - General, Psychology - Cognitive psychology</p></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> </div> </article> </div><script defer src="/resource/js/components/scroll.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script defer src="/resource/js/components/floating_nav.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script defer src="/resource/js/pages/site_content.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </main> <footer id="pageftr"> <div class="row"> <div class="block x-small"> <ul class="nav nav-secondary"> <li class="ftr-header"><a href="https://plos.org/our-journals/">Publications</a></li> <li><a href="/plosbiology/" id="ftr-bio">PLOS Biology</a></li> <li><a href="/climate/" id="ftr-climate">PLOS Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/complexsystems/" id="ftr-complex-systems">PLOS Complex Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/ploscompbiol/" id="ftr-compbio">PLOS Computational Biology</a></li> <li><a href="/digitalhealth/" id="ftr-digitalhealth">PLOS Digital Health</a></li> <li><a href="/plosgenetics/" id="ftr-gen">PLOS Genetics</a></li> <li><a href="/globalpublichealth/" id="ftr-globalpublichealth">PLOS Global Public Health</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="block x-small"> <ul class="nav nav-secondary"> <li class="ftr-header"> </li> <li><a href="/plosmedicine/" id="ftr-med">PLOS Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/mentalhealth/" id="ftr-mental-health">PLOS Mental Health</a></li> <li><a href="/plosntds/" id="ftr-ntds">PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases</a></li> <li><a href="/plosone/" id="ftr-one">PLOS One</a></li> <li><a href="/plospathogens/" id="ftr-path">PLOS Pathogens</a></li> <li><a href="/sustainabilitytransformation/" id="ftr-sustainabilitytransformation">PLOS Sustainability and Transformation</a></li> <li><a href="/water/" id="ftr-water">PLOS Water</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="block xx-small"> <ul class="nav nav-tertiary"> <li> <a href="https://plos.org" id="ftr-home">Home</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://blogs.plos.org" id="ftr-blog">Blogs</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://collections.plos.org/" id="ftr-collections">Collections</a> </li> <li> <a href="mailto:webmaster@plos.org" id="ftr-feedback">Give feedback</a> </li> <li> <a href="/plosone/lockss-manifest" id="ftr-lockss">LOCKSS</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="block xx-small"> <ul class="nav nav-primary"> <li><a href="https://plos.org/privacy-policy" id="ftr-privacy">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://plos.org/terms-of-use" id="ftr-terms">Terms of Use</a></li> <li><a href="https://plos.org/advertise/" id="ftr-advertise">Advertise</a></li> <li><a href="https://plos.org/media-inquiries" id="ftr-media">Media Inquiries</a></li> <li><a href="https://plos.org/contact" id="ftr-contact">Contact</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <p> <img src="/resource/img/logo-plos-footer.png" alt="PLOS" class="logo-footer"/> <span class="footer-non-profit-statement">PLOS is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) corporation, #C2354500, based in California, US</span> </p> <div class="block"> </div> </div> <script src="/resource/js/global.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </footer> </body> </html>