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href="/wiki/File:Altes_Museum_-_Kaiser_Gallienus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Altes_Museum_-_Kaiser_Gallienus.jpg/170px-Altes_Museum_-_Kaiser_Gallienus.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Altes_Museum_-_Kaiser_Gallienus.jpg/255px-Altes_Museum_-_Kaiser_Gallienus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Altes_Museum_-_Kaiser_Gallienus.jpg/340px-Altes_Museum_-_Kaiser_Gallienus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2136" data-file-height="3210" /></a><figcaption>Gallienus (253–60 AD, <a href="/wiki/Altes_Museum" title="Altes Museum">Altes Museum</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>The "<b>Little Peace of the Church</b>" was a roughly 40-year period in the latter 3rd century in the history of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> during which Christianity flourished without official suppression from the central government. It is particularly associated with the reign of <a href="/wiki/Gallienus" title="Gallienus">Gallienus</a> (253–268),<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pietri_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pietri-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who issued the first official declaration of <a href="/wiki/Religious_tolerance" title="Religious tolerance">tolerance</a> regarding Christians.<sup id="cite_ref-Pietri_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pietri-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the series of imperial edicts that halted acts of persecution against Christians, one addressed to the bishops of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Egypt" title="Roman Egypt">Egypt</a> has survived,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrend2006518_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrend2006518-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> recognizing <a href="/wiki/Places_of_worship" class="mw-redirect" title="Places of worship">places of worship</a> and cemeteries as ecclesiastical property and restoring them to Christian ownership.<sup id="cite_ref-Pietri_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pietri-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Church for the first time even asked a <a href="/wiki/Roman_emperor" title="Roman emperor">Roman emperor</a> to arbitrate an internal dispute. In 272, after <a href="/wiki/Paul_of_Samosata" title="Paul of Samosata">Paul of Samosata</a> was accused of <a href="/wiki/Heresy" title="Heresy">heresy</a> but refused to be deposed as <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Antioch">bishop of Antioch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aurelian" title="Aurelian">Aurelian</a> ruled in favour of his successor, who was in good standing with the church hierarchy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEButcher2003378_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEButcher2003378-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pietri_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pietri-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The "little" peace of the Church, described primarily by <a href="/wiki/Eusebius" title="Eusebius">Eusebius</a>, preceded the "<a href="/wiki/Edict_of_Milan#Peace_of_the_Church" title="Edict of Milan">peace of the Church</a>," which ushered in by the conversion of <a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Co-existence">Co-existence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Peace_of_the_Church&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Co-existence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During this time, Christian communities became more integrated into Roman society in the provinces. The possibility of integration had been recognized by some Christian intellectuals as early as the 2nd century. <a href="/wiki/Tatian" title="Tatian">Tatian</a>, a Syrian convert to Christianity, maintained that all humanity should share one code of law and one political organization, an attitude that was conducive to coexistence with the empire.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEButcher2003378_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEButcher2003378-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The goal of unity was reflected in the <i><a href="/wiki/Constitutio_Antoniniana" title="Constitutio Antoniniana">Constitutio Antoniniana</a></i>, which in 212 AD had extended universal <a href="/wiki/Roman_citizen" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman citizen">citizenship</a> to all free inhabitants of the empire.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDigeser200052–53_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDigeser200052–53-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The intellectual practices associated with the <a href="/wiki/Second_Sophistic" title="Second Sophistic">Second Sophistic</a> were adopted by <a href="/wiki/Christian_apologists" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian apologists">Christian apologists</a>, who drew on the rhetorical techniques of the educated classes to argue that they posed no threat to the social order. The "little peace" helped consolidate the development of Christian discourse in the Hellenistic manner.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEButcher2003378_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEButcher2003378-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conditions were also more favorable for attracting Christian converts.<sup id="cite_ref-Pietri_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pietri-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <p><a href="/wiki/Eusebius_of_Caesarea" class="mw-redirect" title="Eusebius of Caesarea">Eusebius of Caesarea</a>, who grew up during the peace, contrasted it with the time in which he wrote:</p><blockquote><p>It is beyond our ability to describe in a suitable manner the extent and nature of the glory and freedom with which the word of piety toward the God of the universe, proclaimed to the world through <a href="/wiki/Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Christ">Christ</a>, was honored among all men, both Greeks and <a href="/wiki/Barbarians" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbarians">barbarians</a>, before the persecution in our day."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDrake2002114_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDrake2002114-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="End_of_peace">End of peace</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Peace_of_the_Church&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: End of peace"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This peaceful co-existence came to an end during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a> (284–311).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEButcher2003378_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEButcher2003378-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDrake2002114–115_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDrake2002114–115-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Diocletian's efforts to promote stability and unity for the Empire following the <a href="/wiki/Crisis_of_the_Third_Century" title="Crisis of the Third Century">Crisis of the Third Century</a> included the enforcement of religious conformity since citizens expressed their loyalty through participation in the <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_ancient_Rome" title="Religion in ancient Rome">public religion of Rome</a>. Christians were viewed as incapable of acting on their obligations as <a href="/wiki/Roman_citizenship" title="Roman citizenship">Roman citizens</a>, and his edict in 303 resulted in the <a href="/wiki/Diocletianic_Persecution" title="Diocletianic Persecution">Great Persecution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDigeser200052–55_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDigeser200052–55-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Galerius" title="Galerius">Galerius</a> halted the persecutions with the <a href="/wiki/Edict_of_Toleration_by_Galerius" class="mw-redirect" title="Edict of Toleration by Galerius">edict of toleration</a> in 311, which made it a duty for Christians to support the state <i>(<a href="/wiki/Res_publica" title="Res publica">res publica</a>)</i> through their own forms of worship.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDigeser200056_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDigeser200056-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Peace_of_the_Church&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_cult_(ancient_Rome)" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial cult (ancient Rome)">Imperial cult (ancient Rome)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Christians_in_the_Roman_Empire" title="Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire">Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Religio_licita" title="Religio licita">Religio licita</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Peace_of_the_Church&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMonfrin2002" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Monfrin, Françoise (2002). "Milan". In Levillain, Philippe (ed.). <i>The Papacy: An Encyclopedia</i>. Routledge. p. 986. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-92228-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-92228-9"><bdi>978-0-415-92228-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Milan&rft.btitle=The+Papacy%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=986&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-415-92228-9&rft.aulast=Monfrin&rft.aufirst=Fran%C3%A7oise&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Peace+of+the+Church" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pietri-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pietri_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pietri_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pietri_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pietri_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pietri_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPietri2002" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Pietri" title="Charles Pietri">Pietri, Charles</a> (2002). "Persecutions". In Levillain, Philippe (ed.). <i>The Papacy: An Encyclopedia</i>. Routledge. p. 1156. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-92228-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-92228-9"><bdi>978-0-415-92228-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Persecutions&rft.btitle=The+Papacy%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=1156&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-415-92228-9&rft.aulast=Pietri&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Peace+of+the+Church" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrend2006518-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrend2006518_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFrend2006">Frend 2006</a>, p. 518.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEButcher2003378-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEButcher2003378_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEButcher2003378_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEButcher2003378_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEButcher2003378_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFButcher2003">Butcher 2003</a>, p. 378.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDigeser200052–53-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDigeser200052–53_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDigeser2000">Digeser 2000</a>, p. 52–53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDrake2002114-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDrake2002114_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDrake2002">Drake 2002</a>, p. 114.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDrake2002114–115-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDrake2002114–115_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDrake2002">Drake 2002</a>, p. 114–115.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDigeser200052–55-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDigeser200052–55_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDigeser2000">Digeser 2000</a>, p. 52–55.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDigeser200056-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDigeser200056_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDigeser2000">Digeser 2000</a>, p. 56.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Peace_of_the_Church&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFButcher2003" class="citation book cs1">Butcher, Kevin (2003). <i>Roman Syria and the Near East</i>. Getty Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89236-715-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89236-715-3"><bdi>978-0-89236-715-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Roman+Syria+and+the+Near+East&rft.pub=Getty+Publications&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-89236-715-3&rft.aulast=Butcher&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Peace+of+the+Church" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDigeser2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_DePalma_Digeser" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth DePalma Digeser">Digeser, Elizabeth DePalma</a> (2000). <i>The Making of a Christian Empire: Lactantius & Rome</i>. Cornell University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-3594-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-3594-2"><bdi>978-0-8014-3594-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+of+a+Christian+Empire%3A+Lactantius+%26+Rome&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-8014-3594-2&rft.aulast=Digeser&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth+DePalma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Peace+of+the+Church" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDrake2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Harold_A._Drake" title="Harold A. Drake">Drake, H. A.</a> (2002). <i>Constantine and the Bishops: The Politics of Intolerance</i>. Johns Hopkins University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-7104-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-7104-7"><bdi>978-0-8018-7104-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Constantine+and+the+Bishops%3A+The+Politics+of+Intolerance&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-8018-7104-7&rft.aulast=Drake&rft.aufirst=H.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Peace+of+the+Church" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrend2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/W._H._C._Frend" title="W. H. C. Frend">Frend, W. H. C.</a> (2006). "Persecutions: Genesis and Legacy". In Mitchell, Margaret M.; Young, Frances M.; Bowie, K. Scott (eds.). <i>Cambridge History of Christianity: Volume 1, Origins to Constantine</i>. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-81239-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-81239-9"><bdi>978-0-521-81239-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Persecutions%3A+Genesis+and+Legacy&rft.btitle=Cambridge+History+of+Christianity%3A+Volume+1%2C+Origins+to+Constantine&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-521-81239-9&rft.aulast=Frend&rft.aufirst=W.+H.+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Peace+of+the+Church" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Little_Peace_of_the_Church&oldid=1199099647">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Little_Peace_of_the_Church&oldid=1199099647</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:3rd-century_Christianity" title="Category:3rd-century Christianity">3rd-century Christianity</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:3rd_century_in_the_Roman_Empire" title="Category:3rd century in the Roman Empire">3rd century in the Roman Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Christianity_in_the_Roman_Empire" title="Category:Christianity in the Roman Empire">Christianity in the Roman Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Religion_in_the_Roman_Empire" title="Category:Religion in the Roman Empire">Religion in the Roman Empire</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 26 January 2024, at 00:10<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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