CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>The Pickwick Papers - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"6fa725c3-c576-4ad3-bdfb-886df9a3ea16","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"The_Pickwick_Papers","wgTitle":"The Pickwick Papers","wgCurRevisionId":1253690556,"wgRevisionId":1253690556,"wgArticleId":424293,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the Encyclopedia Americana with a Wikisource reference","Wikipedia articles incorporating text from Encyclopedia Americana","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","EngvarB from September 2013","Use dmy dates from January 2024","Articles that link to Wikisource","Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the Nuttall Encyclopedia", "Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Nuttall Encyclopedia","Commons category link is locally defined","Articles with LibriVox links","The Pickwick Papers","1837 British novels","1837 debut novels","1830s debut novels","British novels adapted into films","British novels adapted into plays","British novels adapted into television shows","Chapman \u0026 Hall books","English novels","Fiction set in 1827","Fiction set in 1828","Novels adapted into radio programs","Novels by Charles Dickens","Novels first published in serial form","Novels set in the 1820s","William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne","British comedy novels"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"The_Pickwick_Papers","wgRelevantArticleId":424293,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{ "tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q460583","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles": "ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming", "ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Pickwickclub_serial.jpg/1200px-Pickwickclub_serial.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1948"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Pickwickclub_serial.jpg/800px-Pickwickclub_serial.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1299"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Pickwickclub_serial.jpg/640px-Pickwickclub_serial.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1039"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="The Pickwick Papers - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-The_Pickwick_Papers rootpage-The_Pickwick_Papers skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=The+Pickwick+Papers" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=The+Pickwick+Papers" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=The+Pickwick+Papers" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=The+Pickwick+Papers" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Summary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Summary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Summary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Summary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Characters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Characters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Characters</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Characters-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Characters subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Characters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Central_characters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_characters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Central characters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_characters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supporting_characters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supporting_characters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Supporting characters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supporting_characters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sequel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sequel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Sequel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sequel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adaptations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adaptations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Adaptations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adaptations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publication" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publication"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Publication</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publication-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Models" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Models"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Models</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Models-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Influences_and_legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influences_and_legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Influences and legacy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Influences_and_legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Influences and legacy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Influences_and_legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Translations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Translations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Translations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Translations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>The Pickwick Papers</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B0%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83" title="مذكرات بكوك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مذكرات بكوك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="پیکویک خاطرات دفتری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پیکویک خاطرات دفتری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Posthumous_Papers_of_the_Pickwick_Club" title="The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Els_papers_p%C3%B2stums_del_Club_Pickwick" title="Els papers pòstums del Club Pickwick – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Els papers pòstums del Club Pickwick" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kronika_Pickwickova_klubu" title="Kronika Pickwickova klubu – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kronika Pickwickova klubu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers" title="The Pickwick Papers – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="The Pickwick Papers" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickwick_Klubben" title="Pickwick Klubben – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pickwick Klubben" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_Pickwickier" title="Die Pickwickier – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Die Pickwickier" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_papeles_p%C3%B3stumos_del_Club_Pickwick" title="Los papeles póstumos del Club Pickwick – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Los papeles póstumos del Club Pickwick" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers" title="The Pickwick Papers – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="The Pickwick Papers" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="یادداشت‌های پیکویک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یادداشت‌های پیکویک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Papiers_posthumes_du_Pickwick_Club" title="Les Papiers posthumes du Pickwick Club – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Les Papiers posthumes du Pickwick Club" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%B8%D6%82_%D5%B0%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B7%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A8" title="Պիկվիկյան ակումբի հետմահու հուշերը – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պիկվիկյան ակումբի հետմահու հուշերը" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Il_Circolo_Pickwick" title="Il Circolo Pickwick – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Il Circolo Pickwick" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9D" title="רשומות מועדון הפיקוויקים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רשומות מועדון הפיקוויקים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A9%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%AC%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="პიკვიკის კლუბის ჩანაწერები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პიკვიკის კლუბის ჩანაწერები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Paperyow_Pickwick" title="An Paperyow Pickwick – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="An Paperyow Pickwick" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yona_eluxa_ke_Pickwick_(suterot)" title="Yona eluxa ke Pickwick (suterot) – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Yona eluxa ke Pickwick (suterot)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Pickwick_Klub" title="A Pickwick Klub – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="A Pickwick Klub" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers" title="The Pickwick Papers – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="The Pickwick Papers" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickwick-klubben" title="Pickwick-klubben – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pickwick-klubben" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickwick-klubben" title="Pickwick-klubben – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Pickwick-klubben" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A6_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC" title="ਦ ਪਿਕਵਿਕ ਪੇਪਰਜ਼ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਦ ਪਿਕਵਿਕ ਪੇਪਰਜ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klub_Pickwicka" title="Klub Pickwicka – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Klub Pickwicka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers" title="The Pickwick Papers – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="The Pickwick Papers" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Посмертные записки Пиквикского клуба – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Посмертные записки Пиквикского клуба" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickwick-kerhon_j%C3%A4lkeenj%C3%A4%C3%A4neet_paperit" title="Pickwick-kerhon jälkeenjääneet paperit – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pickwick-kerhon jälkeenjääneet paperit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickwickklubben" title="Pickwickklubben – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pickwickklubben" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%83" title="Посмертні записки Піквікського клубу – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Посмертні записки Піквікського клубу" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E5%A8%81%E5%85%8B%E5%A4%96%E4%BC%A0" title="匹克威克外传 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="匹克威克外传" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q460583#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:The_Pickwick_Papers" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/The_Pickwick_Papers" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/The_Pickwick_Papers" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&oldid=1253690556" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=The_Pickwick_Papers&id=1253690556&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FThe_Pickwick_Papers"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FThe_Pickwick_Papers"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:The_Pickwick_Papers" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikisource mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers" hreflang="en"><span>Wikisource</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q460583" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1836–1837 novel by Charles Dickens</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the first novel by Charles Dickens. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="The Pickwick Papers (disambiguation)">The Pickwick Papers (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%; font-style:italic; padding-bottom:0.2em;">The Pickwick Papers <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pickwick+Papers&rft.author=%5B%5BCharles+Dickens%5D%5D+%28%22Boz%22%29&rft.pub=%5B%5BChapman+%26+Hall%5D%5D&rft.place=England"></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Pickwickclub_serial.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Pickwickclub_serial.jpg/220px-Pickwickclub_serial.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="357" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Pickwickclub_serial.jpg/330px-Pickwickclub_serial.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Pickwickclub_serial.jpg/440px-Pickwickclub_serial.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1540" data-file-height="2500" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Original cover issued in 1836</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Author</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a> ("Boz")</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Original title</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, Containing a Faithful Record of the Perambulations, Perils, Travels, Adventures and Sporting Transactions of the Corresponding Members</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Illustrator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Seymour_(illustrator)" title="Robert Seymour (illustrator)">Robert Seymour</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Robert_William_Buss" title="Robert William Buss">Robert William Buss</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Hablot_Knight_Browne" title="Hablot Knight Browne">Hablot Knight Browne</a> (<a href="/wiki/Phiz" class="mw-redirect" title="Phiz">Phiz</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Subject</th><td class="infobox-data">Travels in the English Countryside</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data">Novel</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Published</th><td class="infobox-data">Serialised March 1836 – November 1837; book format 1837</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publisher</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chapman_%26_Hall" title="Chapman & Hall">Chapman & Hall</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publication place</th><td class="infobox-data">England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Media type</th><td class="infobox-data">Print</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Sketches_by_Boz" title="Sketches by Boz">Sketches by Boz</a> </i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Followed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist" title="Oliver Twist">Oliver Twist</a> </i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Text</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers" class="extiw" title="s:The Pickwick Papers">The Pickwick Papers</a></i> at <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club</b></i> (also known as <i><b>The Pickwick Papers</b></i>) was the <a href="/wiki/Debut_novel" title="Debut novel">first novel</a> by English author <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a>. His previous work was <i><a href="/wiki/Sketches_by_Boz" title="Sketches by Boz">Sketches by Boz</a></i>, published in 1836, and his publisher <a href="/wiki/Chapman_%26_Hall" title="Chapman & Hall">Chapman & Hall</a> asked Dickens to supply descriptions to explain a series of comic "cockney sporting plates" by illustrator <a href="/wiki/Robert_Seymour_(illustrator)" title="Robert Seymour (illustrator)">Robert Seymour</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ea_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ea-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to connect them into a novel. The book became a publishing phenomenon, with bootleg copies, theatrical performances, <a href="/wiki/Sam_Weller_(character)" title="Sam Weller (character)">Sam Weller</a> joke books, and other merchandise.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On its cultural impact, Nicholas Dames in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></i> writes, "'Literature' is not a big enough category for <i>Pickwick</i>. It defined its own, a new one that we have learned to call 'entertainment'."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Pickwick Papers</i> was published in 19 issues over 20 months, and it popularised serialised fiction and cliffhanger endings.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Seymour's widow claimed that the idea for the novel was originally her husband's, but Dickens strenuously denied any specific input in his preface to the 1867 edition: "Mr. Seymour never originated or suggested an incident, a phrase, or a word, to be found in the book."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dickens was working as a Parliamentary reporter and a roving journalist at the age of 24, and he had published a collection of sketches on London life as <i><a href="/wiki/Sketches_by_Boz" title="Sketches by Boz">Sketches by Boz</a></i>. Publisher <a href="/wiki/Chapman_%26_Hall" title="Chapman & Hall">Chapman & Hall</a> was projecting a series of "cockney sporting plates" by illustrator Robert Seymour. There was to be a club, the members of which were to be sent on hunting and fishing expeditions into the country. Their guns were to go off by accident, and fishhooks were to get caught in their hats and trousers, and these and other misadventures were to be depicted in Seymour's comic plates.<sup id="cite_ref-ea_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ea-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They asked Dickens to supply the description necessary to explain the plates and to connect them into a sort of picture novel that was fashionable at the time. He protested that he knew nothing of sport, but still accepted the commission.<sup id="cite_ref-ea_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ea-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Only in a few instances did Dickens adjust his narrative to plates that had been prepared for him. Typically, he led the way with an instalment of his story, and the artist was compelled to illustrate what Dickens had already written. The story thus became the prime source of interest and the illustrations merely of secondary importance.<sup id="cite_ref-ea_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ea-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Seymour provided the illustrations for the first two instalments before his suicide. <a href="/wiki/Robert_William_Buss" title="Robert William Buss">Robert William Buss</a> illustrated the third instalment, but Dickens did not like his work, so the remaining instalments were illustrated by Phiz (<a href="/wiki/Hablot_Knight_Browne" title="Hablot Knight Browne">Hablot Knight Browne</a>), who illustrated most of Dickens's subsequent novels. The instalments were first published in book form in 1837.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Summary">Summary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Summary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>The Pickwick Papers</i> is a sequence of loosely related adventures written for serialization in a periodical. The action is given as occurring 1827–28, though critics have noted some seeming anachronisms.<sup id="cite_ref-Mark_Wormald_2003_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mark_Wormald_2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, Dickens satirized the <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Norton#Separation_and_Melbourne_scandal" title="Caroline Norton">case</a> of <a href="/wiki/George_Chapple_Norton" title="George Chapple Norton">George Norton</a> suing <a href="/wiki/William_Lamb,_2nd_Viscount_Melbourne" title="William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne">Lord Melbourne</a> in 1836.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The novel's protagonist <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Pickwick" title="Samuel Pickwick">Samuel Pickwick</a>, Esquire is a kind and wealthy old gentleman, the founder and perpetual president of the Pickwick Club. He suggests that he and three other "Pickwickians" should make journeys to places remote from London and report on their findings to the other members of the club. Their travels throughout the English countryside by coach provide the chief subject matter of the novel.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A romantic misunderstanding with his <a href="/wiki/Landlord" title="Landlord">landlady</a>, the widow <a href="/wiki/Mrs_Bardell_(Pickwick_Papers)" title="Mrs Bardell (Pickwick Papers)">Mrs Bardell</a>, results in one of the most famous legal cases in English literature, <i>Bardell v. Pickwick</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Percy_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Percy-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> leading to them both being incarcerated in the <a href="/wiki/Fleet_Prison" title="Fleet Prison">Fleet Prison</a> for debt.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pickwick learns that the only way he can relieve the suffering of Mrs Bardell is by paying her costs in the action against himself, thus at the same time releasing himself from the prison.<sup id="cite_ref-Mark_Wormald_2003_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mark_Wormald_2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characters">Characters</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Characters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Central_characters">Central characters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Central characters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:351px;max-width:351px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:172px;max-width:172px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers,_Pickwick_at_the_slide.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Pickwick_at_the_slide.jpg/170px-Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Pickwick_at_the_slide.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Pickwick_at_the_slide.jpg/255px-Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Pickwick_at_the_slide.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Pickwick_at_the_slide.jpg/340px-Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Pickwick_at_the_slide.jpg 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="639" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:175px;max-width:175px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers,_Sam_Weller_with_his_father,_Chapter_XXXII.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Sam_Weller_with_his_father%2C_Chapter_XXXII.jpg/173px-Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Sam_Weller_with_his_father%2C_Chapter_XXXII.jpg" decoding="async" width="173" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Sam_Weller_with_his_father%2C_Chapter_XXXII.jpg/260px-Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Sam_Weller_with_his_father%2C_Chapter_XXXII.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Sam_Weller_with_his_father%2C_Chapter_XXXII.jpg/346px-Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Sam_Weller_with_his_father%2C_Chapter_XXXII.jpg 2x" data-file-width="583" data-file-height="662" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Left: Mr Pickwick sliding on the ice. Right: Sam Weller and his father Tony Weller (The Valentine)</div></div></div></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Pickwick" title="Samuel Pickwick">Samuel Pickwick</a> – the main protagonist and founder of the Pickwick Club. Following his description in the text, Pickwick is usually portrayed by illustrators as a round-faced, clean-shaven, portly gentleman wearing spectacles.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Winkle" title="Nathaniel Winkle">Nathaniel Winkle</a> – a young friend of Pickwick's and his travelling companion; he considers himself a sportsman, though he turns out to be dangerously inept when handling horses and guns.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Snodgrass" title="Augustus Snodgrass">Augustus Snodgrass</a> – another young friend and companion; he considers himself a poet, though there is no mention of any of his own poetry in the novel.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracy_Tupman" title="Tracy Tupman">Tracy Tupman</a> – the third travelling companion, a fat middle-aged man who nevertheless considers himself a romantic lover.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Weller_(character)" title="Sam Weller (character)">Sam Weller</a> – Mr Pickwick's valet, and a source of idiosyncratic proverbs and advice.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Weller" title="Tony Weller">Tony Weller</a> – Sam's father, a loquacious coachman.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Jingle" title="Alfred Jingle">Alfred Jingle</a> – a strolling actor and charlatan, noted for telling bizarre anecdotes in a distinctively extravagant, disjointed style.<sup id="cite_ref-Mark_Wormald_2003_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mark_Wormald_2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supporting_characters">Supporting characters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Supporting characters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Joe – the "fat boy" who consumes great quantities of food and constantly falls asleep in any situation at any time of day; Joe's sleep problem is the origin of the medical term <i>Pickwickian syndrome</i>, which ultimately led to the subsequent description of <a href="/wiki/Obesity_hypoventilation_syndrome" title="Obesity hypoventilation syndrome">obesity hypoventilation syndrome</a>.</li> <li>Job Trotter – Mr Jingle's wily servant, whose true slyness is only ever seen in the first few lines of a scene, before he adopts his usual pretence of meekness.</li> <li>Mr Wardle – owner of a farm in Dingley Dell; Mr Pickwick's friend. They meet at the military review in Rochester. Joe is his servant.</li> <li>Rachael Wardle – Mr. Wardle's spinster sister, who tries in vain to elope with the unscrupulous Jingle.</li> <li>Mr Perker – an attorney of Mr Wardle, and later of Mr Pickwick.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serjeant-at-law" title="Serjeant-at-law">Serjeant</a> Buzfuz – the fat, red-faced <a href="/wiki/Adversarial_system" title="Adversarial system">counsel for the prosecution</a> in the case of <i>Bardell v. Pickwick</i>. A gifted lawyer who uses his sound grasp of rhetoric and mastery of the innate theatricality of court procedure to transmute the slenderest of evidence into an apparently damning case against the innocent Pickwick.</li> <li>Mary – "a well-shaped female servant" and Sam Weller's "Valentine".</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrs_Bardell_(Pickwick_Papers)" title="Mrs Bardell (Pickwick Papers)">Mrs Martha Bardell</a> – Mr Pickwick's widowed landlady who brings a case against him for <a href="/wiki/Breach_of_promise" title="Breach of promise">breach of promise</a>.</li> <li>Emily Wardle – one of Mr Wardle's daughters, very fond of Mr Snodgrass.</li> <li>Arabella Allen – a friend of Emily Wardle and sister of Ben Allen. She later elopes with Mr. Winkle and marries him.</li> <li>Benjamin "Ben" Allen – Arabella's brother, a dissipated medical student.</li> <li>Robert "Bob" Sawyer – Ben Allen's friend and fellow-student.</li> <li>Mr Stiggins (the "deputy shepherd") – a red-nosed alcoholic, avaricious and hypocritical Nonconformist minister at the United Grand Junction, Ebenezer Temperance Association, who inadvertently causes the death of the second Mrs Weller.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Humphpick001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Humphpick001.jpg/220px-Humphpick001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Humphpick001.jpg/330px-Humphpick001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Humphpick001.jpg/440px-Humphpick001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="1022" /></a><figcaption>Master Humphrey meets Mr. Pickwick, from the <i><a href="/wiki/Master_Humphrey%27s_Clock" title="Master Humphrey's Clock">Master Humphrey's Clock</a></i> magazine sequel</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sequel">Sequel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sequel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pickwick, Sam Weller, and his father Tony briefly reappeared in 1840 in the magazine <i><a href="/wiki/Master_Humphrey%27s_Clock" title="Master Humphrey's Clock">Master Humphrey's Clock</a></i>. Master Humphrey's Clock is the name of a literary club founded by Mr Humphrey, whose members read out stories to the others.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pickwick is a member, and there is a mirror club in the kitchen, Mr. Weller's Watch, run by Sam Weller. </p><p>See: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.exclassics.com/humphrey/hpickintro.htm">Mr. Pickwick in Master Humphreys Clock Edition at the Ex-Classic Web Site</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adaptations">Adaptations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Adaptations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The novel has been adapted to film, television, and radio: </p> <ul><li>1913 – <i><a href="/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers_(1913_film)" title="The Pickwick Papers (1913 film)">The Pickwick Papers</a></i>, a silent three-reel film featuring <a href="/wiki/John_Bunny" title="John Bunny">John Bunny</a> as <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Pickwick" title="Samuel Pickwick">Samuel Pickwick</a></li> <li>1921 – <i><a href="/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Mr._Pickwick" title="The Adventures of Mr. Pickwick">The Adventures of Mr. Pickwick</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Lost_film" title="Lost film">lost</a> silent film starring Frederick Volpe and Hubert Woodward</li> <li>1936 – On 13 November 1936 (less than two weeks after the BBC began regularly scheduled television broadcasts) <i>The British Music Drama Opera Company</i> under the direction of <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Rosing" title="Vladimir Rosing">Vladimir Rosing</a> presented the world's first televised opera: <i>Pickwick</i> by <a href="/wiki/Albert_Coates_(musician)" title="Albert Coates (musician)">Albert Coates</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1938 – 'The Pickwick Papers', <a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a>'s <i>Mercury Theater on the Air</i> radio adaptation (20 November 1938)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers_(1952_film)" title="The Pickwick Papers (1952 film)">1952</a> – starring <a href="/wiki/James_Hayter_(actor)" title="James Hayter (actor)">James Hayter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Patrick" title="Nigel Patrick">Nigel Patrick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Gauge" title="Alexander Gauge">Alexander Gauge</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harry_Fowler" title="Harry Fowler">Harry Fowler</a> (the first sound film version, and to this day, the only sound version of the story released to cinemas)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers_(1985_film)" title="The Pickwick Papers (1985 film)">1985</a> – an animated adaptation</li></ul> <p>In 1985 BBC released a <a href="/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers_(TV_series)" title="The Pickwick Papers (TV series)">12-part 350-minute miniseries</a> starring <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Stock_(actor)" title="Nigel Stock (actor)">Nigel Stock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Parnaby_(actor)" title="Alan Parnaby (actor)">Alan Parnaby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clive_Swift" title="Clive Swift">Clive Swift</a> and <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Malahide" title="Patrick Malahide">Patrick Malahide</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1977, <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">BBC Radio 4</a> released a dramatization by Barry Campbell and <a href="/wiki/Constance_Cox" title="Constance Cox">Constance Cox</a> with <a href="/wiki/Freddie_Jones" title="Freddie Jones">Freddie Jones</a> as Mr. Pickwick.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1997, <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">BBC Radio 4</a> released a dramatization by Martyn Read with <a href="/wiki/Clive_Francis" title="Clive Francis">Clive Francis</a> as Mr. Pickwick.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There was an early attempt at a theatrical adaptation with songs by <a href="/wiki/William_Thomas_Moncrieff" title="William Thomas Moncrieff">W. T. Moncrieff</a> and entitled <i><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Weller,_or,_The_Pickwickians" title="Samuel Weller, or, The Pickwickians">Samuel Weller, or, The Pickwickians</a></i>, in 1837. This was followed in 1871 by <a href="/wiki/John_Hollingshead" title="John Hollingshead">John Hollingshead</a>'s stage play <i>Bardell versus Pickwick</i>. The first successful musical was <i><a href="/wiki/Pickwick_(operetta)" title="Pickwick (operetta)">Pickwick</a></i> (sometimes <i>Pickwick, A Dramatic Cantata</i>) by <a href="/wiki/F._C._Burnand" title="F. C. Burnand">Sir Francis Burnand</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edward_Solomon" title="Edward Solomon">Edward Solomon</a> and premiered at the Comedy Theatre on 7 February 1889.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Pickwick_(musical)" title="Pickwick (musical)">Pickwick</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Cyril_Ornadel" title="Cyril Ornadel">Cyril Ornadel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolf_Mankowitz" title="Wolf Mankowitz">Wolf Mankowitz</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Bricusse" title="Leslie Bricusse">Leslie Bricusse</a> was a musical version which premiered in <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a> in 1963 before transferring to the <a href="/wiki/West_End_of_London" title="West End of London">West End</a>. It originally starred <a href="/wiki/Harry_Secombe" title="Harry Secombe">Harry Secombe</a> (later cast as "<a href="/wiki/Mr._Bumble" title="Mr. Bumble">Mr. Bumble</a>" in the film version of <i><a href="/wiki/Oliver!_(film)" title="Oliver! (film)">Oliver!</a></i>) in the title role and <a href="/wiki/Roy_Castle" title="Roy Castle">Roy Castle</a> as "Sam Weller". Although it was a major success in London, running for 694 performances, <i>Pickwick</i> failed in the United States when it opened on <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a> in 1965. In 1969, the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> filmed the musical as the TV movie <i><a href="/wiki/Pickwick_(film)" title="Pickwick (film)">Pickwick</a></i> with Secombe and Castle reprising their stage roles. Both the stage and TV versions featured the song <i><a href="/wiki/If_I_Ruled_the_World" title="If I Ruled the World">If I Ruled the World</a></i>, which became a hit for Secombe and other singers such as <a href="/wiki/Tony_Bennett" title="Tony Bennett">Tony Bennett</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sammy_Davis_Jr." title="Sammy Davis Jr.">Sammy Davis Jr.</a> </p><p>Part of <i>The Pickwick Papers</i> were featured in <i>Charles Dickens' Ghost Stories</i>, a 60-minute animation made by Emerald City Films (1987). These included <i>The Ghost in the Wardrobe</i>, <i>The Mail Coach Ghosts</i>, and <i>The Goblin and the Gravedigger</i>. </p><p>Stephen Jarvis's novel <i>Death and Mr Pickwick</i><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2014) is in part a literary thriller, examining in forensic detail the question of whether the idea, character and physiognomy of Samuel Pickwick originated with Dickens, or with the original illustrator and instigator of the project, Robert Seymour. The conclusion of the narrator is that the accepted version of events given by Dickens and the publisher <a href="/wiki/Edward_Chapman_(publisher)" title="Edward Chapman (publisher)">Edward Chapman</a> is untrue. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publication">Publication</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Publication"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers,_Gabriel_and_the_goblin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Gabriel_and_the_goblin.jpg/220px-Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Gabriel_and_the_goblin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Gabriel_and_the_goblin.jpg/330px-Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Gabriel_and_the_goblin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Gabriel_and_the_goblin.jpg/440px-Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Gabriel_and_the_goblin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="671" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Goblin_and_the_Sexton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Goblin and the Sexton (page does not exist)">The Goblin and the Sexton</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers,_Mr._Pickwick_in_debtor%27s_prison.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Mr._Pickwick_in_debtor%27s_prison.jpg/220px-Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Mr._Pickwick_in_debtor%27s_prison.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Mr._Pickwick_in_debtor%27s_prison.jpg/330px-Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Mr._Pickwick_in_debtor%27s_prison.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Mr._Pickwick_in_debtor%27s_prison.jpg/440px-Hablot_Knight_Browne_-_The_Pickwick_Papers%2C_Mr._Pickwick_in_debtor%27s_prison.jpg 2x" data-file-width="581" data-file-height="613" /></a><figcaption>Discovery of Jingle in the Fleet</figcaption></figure> <p>The novel was published in 19 issues over 20 months; the last was double-length and cost two <a href="/wiki/Shilling" title="Shilling">shillings</a>. In mourning for his sister-in-law <a href="/wiki/Mary_Hogarth" title="Mary Hogarth">Mary Hogarth</a>, Dickens missed a deadline and consequently, there was no number issued in May 1837. Numbers were typically issued on the last day of its given month: </p> <ul><li>I – March 1836 (chapters 1–2);</li> <li>II – April 1836 (chapters 3–5);</li> <li>III – May 1836 (chapters 6–8);</li> <li>IV – June 1836 (chapters 9-11);</li> <li>V – July 1836 (chapters 12–14);</li> <li>VI – August 1836 (chapters 15–17);</li> <li>VII – September 1836 (chapters 18–20);</li> <li>VIII – October 1836 (chapters 21–23);</li> <li>IX – November 1836 (chapters 24–26);</li> <li>X – December 1836 (chapters 27–29);</li> <li>XI – January 1837 (chapters 30–32);</li> <li>XII – February 1837 (chapters 33–34);</li> <li>XIII – March 1837 (chapters 35–37);</li> <li>XIV – April 1837 (chapters 38–40);</li> <li>XV – June 1837 (chapters 41–43);</li> <li>XVI – July 1837 (chapters 44–46);</li> <li>XVII – August 1837 (chapters 47–49);</li> <li>XVIII – September 1837 (chapters 50–52);</li> <li>XIX-XX – October 1837 (chapters 53–57);</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Models">Models</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Models"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dickens drew on places that he knew from his childhood. He located the duel between Mr. Winkle and Dr. Slammer at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Pitt,_Kent" title="Fort Pitt, Kent">Fort Pitt</a>, Chatham,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> close to Ordnance Terrace where he had lived as a boy between 1817 and 1821.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influences_and_legacy">Influences and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Influences and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The popularity of <i>The Pickwick Papers</i> spawned many imitations and sequels in print as well as actual clubs and societies inspired by the club in the novel. One example still in operation is the Pickwick Bicycle Club of London, established in 1870, the year of Charles Dickens's death.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another, the Dickens Pickwick Club, was founded in 1976 by <a href="/wiki/Cedric_Charles_Dickens" title="Cedric Charles Dickens">Cedric Dickens</a>, the author's great-grandson. Other clubs, groups, and societies operating under the name "The Pickwick Club" have existed since the original publication of the story. </p><p>In 1837, Charles Dickens wrote to William Howison about the Edinburgh Pickwick Club. Dickens approved of the use of the name and the celebration of the characters and spirit of the novel. He wrote: </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd>If a word of encouragement from me, can as you say endow you with double life, you will be the most lively club in all the Empire, from this time; for every hearty wish that I can muster for your long-continued welfare and prosperity, is freely yours. Mr Pickwick's heart is among you always.<sup id="cite_ref-Pilgrim_Letters_2_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pilgrim_Letters_2-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Other known clubs include one meeting as early as December 1836 in the East of London and another meeting at the Sun Tavern in <a href="/wiki/Long_Acre" title="Long Acre">Long Acre</a> in London. Dickens wrote to the secretary of the latter club in 1838 about attending a meeting: </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd>If the dinner of the Pickwick Club had been on Monday Week, I would have joined it with all the pleasure which you will readily imagine this most gratifying recollection of my works by so many gentlemen, awakens in my mind.<sup id="cite_ref-Pilgrim_Letters_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pilgrim_Letters-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>In many Pickwick Clubs, members can take on the names of the characters in the novel. The website for the Pickwick Bicycle Club states "Our rules state that 'Each Member shall adopt the sobriquet allocated by the Management Committee, being the name of some male character in the Pickwick Papers, and be addressed as such at all meetings of the Club'."<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Imitations/plagiarisms published at the same time as Dickens's <i>Pickwick Papers</i> include <a href="/wiki/George_W._M._Reynolds" title="George W. M. Reynolds">G. W. M. Reynolds</a>'s <i>Pickwick Abroad; or, The Tour in France</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Translations">Translations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Translations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A French translation by <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A9nie_Niboyet" title="Eugénie Niboyet">Eugénie Niboyet</a> appeared in 1838 in a two-volume edition. It was entitled <i>Le Club des Pickwistes, roman comique</i>. Later French translations have used titles such as <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Les_Papiers_posthumes_du_Pickwick_Club"><i>Aventures de Monsieur Pickwick</i></a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Benito_P%C3%A9rez_Gald%C3%B3s" title="Benito Pérez Galdós">Benito Pérez Galdós</a> published <i>Aventuras de Pickwick</i>, a Spanish translation of the <i>Pickwick Papers</i>, in 1868. Although Pérez Galdós was not born until after the publication of Dickens' first novel, he is sometimes described as the Spanish equivalent of Dickens.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_and_Vulture" title="George and Vulture">George and Vulture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaniards_Inn" title="Spaniards Inn">Spaniards Inn</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Moosepath_League" title="The Moosepath League">The Moosepath League</a></i> – Van Reid's books are a tribute to the <i>Pickwick Papers</i> with thoroughly Pickwickian characters. In chapter four of <i>Cordelia Underwood</i>, Cordelia finds a copy of the <i>Pickwick Papers</i> in her uncle's chest.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellerism" title="Wellerism">Wellerism</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ea-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ea_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ea_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ea_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ea_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCross1920" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wilbur_L._Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilbur L. Cross">Cross, Wilbur L.</a> (1920). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Pickwick Papers"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_Americana_(1920)/Pickwick_Papers">"Pickwick Papers" </a></span>. In Rines, George Edwin (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Americana" title="Encyclopedia Americana">Encyclopedia Americana</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pickwick+Papers&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Americana&rft.date=1920&rft.aulast=Cross&rft.aufirst=Wilbur+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Pickwick+Papers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2015/04/14/the-sam-weller-bump/">"The Sam Weller Bump"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Paris_Review" title="The Paris Review">The Paris Review</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Paris+Review&rft.atitle=The+Sam+Weller+Bump&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theparisreview.org%2Fblog%2F2015%2F04%2F14%2Fthe-sam-weller-bump%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Pickwick+Papers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDames2015" class="citation news cs1">Dames, Nicholas (June 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/06/was-dickens-a-thief/392072/">"Was Dickens a Thief?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=Was+Dickens+a+Thief%3F&rft.date=2015-06&rft.aulast=Dames&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fmagazine%2Farchive%2F2015%2F06%2Fwas-dickens-a-thief%2F392072%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Pickwick+Papers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medium.com/@sagnikb/the-modern-serialised-story-86b2d9fbf50f">"The modern serialised story"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Medium_(website)" title="Medium (website)">Medium</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medium&rft.atitle=The+modern+serialised+story&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F%40sagnikb%2Fthe-modern-serialised-story-86b2d9fbf50f&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Pickwick+Papers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">C. Dickens, <i>The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club</i> (1867 reprint), p.8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDickens" class="citation book cs1">Dickens, Charles. <i>The posthumous papers of the Pickwick Club</i>. <a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">Open Library</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL23001437M">23001437M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+posthumous+papers+of+the+Pickwick+Club&rft.pub=Open+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL23001437M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.aulast=Dickens&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Pickwick+Papers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mark_Wormald_2003-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mark_Wormald_2003_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mark_Wormald_2003_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mark_Wormald_2003_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mark Wormald (2003) "Introduction" to <i>The Pickwick Papers</i> by Charles Dickens. London, Penguin.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.victorianweb.org/authors/norton/biography.html">"Caroline Norton: A Biographical Sketch", Dr Andrzej Diniejko. Victorian Web.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mark Wormald (2003) "Introduction" to <i>The Pickwick Papers</i> by Charles Dickens. London, Penguin</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bander, Edward J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/5593266"><i>Bardell v. Pickwick</i></a> Transnational Publishers (2004), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781571053251" title="Special:BookSources/9781571053251">9781571053251</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Percy-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Percy_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Percy_Hetherington_Fitzgerald" title="Percy Hetherington Fitzgerald">Fitzgerald, Percy Hetherington</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/25985/25985-h/25985-h.htm">Full text of <i>Bardell v. Pickwick</i></a>, (1902) <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a> eBook</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.charlesdickensinfo.com/novels/pickwick-papers/character-list-for-the-pickwick-papers/">Characters In The Pickwick Papers: Mrs Bardell</a>, Charles Dickens Info website</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enotes.com/topics/pickwick-papers/characters">'Pickwick Papers Characters' - enotes.com</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.exclassics.com/humphrey/hpickintro.htm">"Master Humphrey and Mr. Pickwick by Charles Dickens: Introduction. Ex-Classics Home Page</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Herbert, Stephen A., <i>History of Early Television Vol 2.</i>, (2004), p. 86-87. Routledge.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1499&dat=19381120&id=fnYxAAAAIBAJ&pg=4294,1395102">"The Milwaukee Journal - Google News Archive Search"</a>. <i>news.google.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=news.google.com&rft.atitle=The+Milwaukee+Journal+-+Google+News+Archive+Search&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D1499%26dat%3D19381120%26id%3DfnYxAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D4294%2C1395102&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Pickwick+Papers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDickens" class="citation web cs1">Dickens, Charles. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00tr4p6/episodes/guide">"The Pickwick Papers"</a>. <i>BBC One</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+One&rft.atitle=The+Pickwick+Papers&rft.aulast=Dickens&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fprogrammes%2Fp00tr4p6%2Fepisodes%2Fguide&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Pickwick+Papers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b007jzdv">"BBC Radio 4 Extra - Charles Dickens - the Pickwick Papers, the Pickwick Club"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BBC+Radio+4+Extra+-+Charles+Dickens+-+the+Pickwick+Papers%2C+the+Pickwick+Club&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fprogrammes%2Fb007jzdv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Pickwick+Papers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/c367b7cb56a8414b9d44cecc783b6f09">"BBC Programme Index"</a>. 24 December 1997.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BBC+Programme+Index&rft.date=1997-12-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2Fc367b7cb56a8414b9d44cecc783b6f09&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Pickwick+Papers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrospectopera.org.uk">"Retrospect Opera"</a>. <i>www.retrospectopera.org.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.retrospectopera.org.uk&rft.atitle=Retrospect+Opera&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.retrospectopera.org.uk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Pickwick+Papers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stephen Jarvis, <i>Death and Mr Pickwick</i>, Jonathan Cape, London, 2014 (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780224099660" title="Special:BookSources/9780224099660">9780224099660</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dickens, Charles. <i>The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club</i>, p 25. <i>Works of Charles Dickens</i>. Avenel Books, 1978.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Callow, Simon. <i>Charles Dickens and the Great Theatre of the World</i>, p 9. Vintage Books, 2012.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-345-80323-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-345-80323-8">978-0-345-80323-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pickwickbc.org.uk/">"The Pickwick Bicycle Club"</a>. <i>The Pickwick Bicycle Club</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Pickwick+Bicycle+Club&rft.atitle=The+Pickwick+Bicycle+Club&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pickwickbc.org.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Pickwick+Papers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pilgrim_Letters_2-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pilgrim_Letters_2_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHouseStorey1965" class="citation book cs1">House, Madeline; Storey, Graham, eds. (1965). <i>The Letters of Charles Dickens Volume 1</i>. Oxford: The Clarendon Press. pp. 346–347.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Letters+of+Charles+Dickens+Volume+1&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=346-347&rft.pub=The+Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1965&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Pickwick+Papers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pilgrim_Letters-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pilgrim_Letters_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHouseStorey1965" class="citation book cs1">House, Madeline; Storey, Graham, eds. (1965). <i>The Letters of Charles Dickens Volume 1</i>. Oxford: The Clarendon Press. p. 398.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Letters+of+Charles+Dickens+Volume+1&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=398&rft.pub=The+Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1965&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Pickwick+Papers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pickwickbc.org.uk/Sobriquets.html">/Pickwick Bicycle Club</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Pickwick Abroad</i> here: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pickwickabroadco00reyn">Pickwick Abroad</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFernández_Rubio" class="citation news cs1">Fernández Rubio. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eldiario.es/cantabria/galdos-santander-legado-intangible-dickens-espanol_1_6372975.html">"Galdós en Santander, el legado intangible del Dickens español"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gald%C3%B3s+en+Santander%2C+el+legado+intangible+del+Dickens+espa%C3%B1ol&rft.au=Fern%C3%A1ndez+Rubio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eldiario.es%2Fcantabria%2Fgaldos-santander-legado-intangible-dickens-espanol_1_6372975.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Pickwick+Papers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWood1907" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Wood_(encyclopaedist)" title="James Wood (encyclopaedist)">Wood, James</a>, ed. (1907). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Nuttall_Encyclop%C3%A6dia/D#Dickens,_Charles" class="extiw" title="s:The Nuttall Encyclopædia/D">Dickens, Charles</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Nuttall_Encyclop%C3%A6dia" title="The Nuttall Encyclopædia">The Nuttall Encyclopædia</a></i>. London and New York: Frederick Warne.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dickens%2C+Charles&rft.btitle=The+Nuttall+Encyclop%C3%A6dia&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.pub=Frederick+Warne&rft.date=1907&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Pickwick+Papers" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:The_Pickwick_Club" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:The Pickwick Club">The Pickwick Club</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Pickwick_Papers" class="extiw" title="q:Pickwick Papers">Pickwick Papers</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers" class="extiw" title="wikisource:The Pickwick Papers"><i>The Pickwick Papers</i></a></b></div></div></div> </div> <p><b>Online editions</b> </p> <ul><li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/charles-dickens/the-pickwick-papers">The Pickwick Papers</a></i> at <a href="/wiki/Standard_Ebooks" title="Standard Ebooks">Standard Ebooks</a></li> <li><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/search?title=The+Pickwick+Papers&author=Dickens&reader=&keywords=&genre_id=0&status=all&project_type=either&recorded_language=&sort_order=catalog_date&search_page=1&search_form=advanced"><i>The Pickwick Papers</i></a> public domain audiobook at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a></li></ul> <p><b>Other books</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Percy_Hetherington_Fitzgerald" title="Percy Hetherington Fitzgerald">Fitzgerald, Percy Hetherington</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofpickwic00fitziala"><i>The history of Pickwick; an account of its characters, localities, allusions and illustrations, with a bibliography</i></a>. London: Chapman and Hall. 1891.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percy_Hetherington_Fitzgerald" title="Percy Hetherington Fitzgerald">Fitzgerald, Percy Hetherington</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pickwickianmanne00fitzuoft"><i>Pickwickian manners and customs</i></a>. Westminster: Roxburghe Press. 1897.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Grego" title="Joseph Grego">Grego, Joseph</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pictorialpickwic01greguoft"><i>Pictorial Pickwickiana; Charles Dickens and his illustrators. With 350 drawings and engravings</i> Volume 1</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pictorialpickwic02greguoft">Volume 2</a>. London Chapman and Hall. 1899.</li> <li>Neale, Charles Montague. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/anindextopickwic00nealuoft"><i>An index to Pickwick</i></a>, 1897. Index of words, characters, places.</li></ul> <p><b>Resources</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071106113127/http://dickens.ucsc.edu/universe/PP_biblio.html"><i>The Pickwick Papers</i> Bibliography</a>, from the Dickens Project at the U of CA</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.victorianweb.org/authors/dickens/pickwick/index.html"><i>The Pickwick Papers</i></a>, from The Victoria Web</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chesterton.org/pickwick-papers/">An essay on <i>The Pickwick Papers</i></a> by <a href="/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton">G. K. Chesterton</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Charles_Dickens" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Charles_Dickens" title="Template:Charles Dickens"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Charles_Dickens" title="Template talk:Charles Dickens"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Charles_Dickens" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Charles Dickens"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Charles_Dickens" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens_bibliography" title="Charles Dickens bibliography">Bibliography</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club</a></i> (1836–1837)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist" title="Oliver Twist">Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy's Progress</a></i> (1837–1839)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Nickleby" title="Nicholas Nickleby">Nicholas Nickleby</a></i> (1838–1839)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Old_Curiosity_Shop" title="The Old Curiosity Shop">The Old Curiosity Shop</a></i> (1840–1841)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Barnaby_Rudge" title="Barnaby Rudge">Barnaby Rudge: A Tale of the Riots of Eighty</a></i> (1841)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Martin_Chuzzlewit" title="Martin Chuzzlewit">The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit</a></i> (1843–1844)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dombey_and_Son" title="Dombey and Son">Dombey and Son</a></i> (1846–1848)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/David_Copperfield" title="David Copperfield">David Copperfield</a></i> (1849–1850)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bleak_House" title="Bleak House">Bleak House</a></i> (1852–1853)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hard_Times_(novel)" title="Hard Times (novel)">Hard Times: For These Times</a></i> (1854)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Dorrit" title="Little Dorrit">Little Dorrit</a></i> (1855–1857)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Tale_of_Two_Cities" title="A Tale of Two Cities">A Tale of Two Cities</a></i> (1859)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Great_Expectations" title="Great Expectations">Great Expectations</a></i> (1860–1861)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Our_Mutual_Friend" title="Our Mutual Friend">Our Mutual Friend</a></i> (1864–1865)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mystery_of_Edwin_Drood" title="The Mystery of Edwin Drood">The Mystery of Edwin Drood</a></i> (1870)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding-left: 0.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dickens_Gurney_head.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Dickens_Gurney_head.jpg/100px-Dickens_Gurney_head.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Dickens_Gurney_head.jpg/150px-Dickens_Gurney_head.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Dickens_Gurney_head.jpg/200px-Dickens_Gurney_head.jpg 2x" data-file-width="814" data-file-height="1190" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Christmas books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Christmas_Carol" title="A Christmas Carol">A Christmas Carol</a></i> (1843)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Chimes" title="The Chimes">The Chimes</a></i> (1844)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cricket_on_the_Hearth" title="The Cricket on the Hearth">The Cricket on the Hearth</a></i> (1845)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Battle_of_Life" title="The Battle of Life">The Battle of Life</a></i> (1846)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Haunted_Man_and_the_Ghost%27s_Bargain" title="The Haunted Man and the Ghost's Bargain">The Haunted Man and the Ghost's Bargain</a></i> (1848)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Short stories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/To_Be_Read_at_Dusk" title="To Be Read at Dusk">To Be Read at Dusk</a>" (1852)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Long_Voyage" title="The Long Voyage">The Long Voyage</a>" (1853)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Signal-Man" title="The Signal-Man">The Signal-Man</a>" (1866)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Trial_for_Murder" title="The Trial for Murder">The Trial for Murder</a>" (1865)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Short story <br /> collections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sketches_by_Boz" title="Sketches by Boz">Sketches by Boz</a></i> (1833–1836)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mudfog_Papers" title="The Mudfog Papers">The Mudfog Papers</a></i> (1837–1838)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Master_Humphrey%27s_Clock" title="Master Humphrey's Clock">Master Humphrey's Clock</a></i> (1840–1841)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-fiction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Notes" title="American Notes">American Notes for General Circulation</a></i> (1842)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pictures_from_Italy" title="Pictures from Italy">Pictures from Italy</a></i> (1846)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Life_of_Our_Lord" title="The Life of Our Lord">The Life of Our Lord</a></i> (1846–1849)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Child%27s_History_of_England" title="A Child's History of England">A Child's History of England</a></i> (1851–1853)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Uncommercial_Traveller" title="The Uncommercial Traveller">The Uncommercial Traveller</a></i> (1860–1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letters_of_Charles_Dickens" title="Letters of Charles Dickens">Letters</a> (1821–1870)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Frozen_Deep" title="The Frozen Deep">The Frozen Deep</a></i> (1856)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/No_Thoroughfare" title="No Thoroughfare">No Thoroughfare</a></i> (1867)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Journalism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bentley%27s_Miscellany" title="Bentley's Miscellany">Bentley's Miscellany</a></i> (1836–1838)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Master_Humphrey%27s_Clock" title="Master Humphrey's Clock">Master Humphrey's Clock</a></i> (1840–1841)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_News_(UK)" title="The Daily News (UK)">The Daily News</a></i> (1846–1870)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Household_Words" title="Household Words">Household Words</a></i> (1850–1859)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/All_the_Year_Round" title="All the Year Round">All the Year Round</a></i> (1859–1870)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Collaborations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_House_to_Let" title="A House to Let">A House to Let</a></i> (1858)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Haunted_House_(story)" title="The Haunted House (story)">The Haunted House</a></i> (1859)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Message_from_the_Sea" title="A Message from the Sea">A Message from the Sea</a></i> (1860)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mugby_Junction" title="Mugby Junction">Mugby Junction</a></i> (1866)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/No_Thoroughfare" title="No Thoroughfare">No Thoroughfare</a></i> (1867)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dickens_family" title="Dickens family">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Dickens" title="John Dickens">John Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Dickens" title="Elizabeth Dickens">Elizabeth Dickens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brothers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Dickens" title="Frederick Dickens">Frederick Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Lamert_Dickens" title="Alfred Lamert Dickens">Alfred Lamert Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Dickens" title="Augustus Dickens">Augustus Dickens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Partners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Dickens" title="Catherine Dickens">Catherine Dickens (wife)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Ternan" title="Ellen Ternan">Ellen Ternan (mistress)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Children</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens_Jr." title="Charles Dickens Jr.">Charles Dickens Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Dickens" title="Mary Dickens">Mary Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Perugini" title="Kate Perugini">Kate Perugini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Landor_Dickens" title="Walter Landor Dickens">Walter Landor Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Dickens" title="Francis Dickens">Francis Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_D%27Orsay_Tennyson_Dickens" title="Alfred D'Orsay Tennyson Dickens">Alfred D'Orsay Tennyson Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Smith_Haldimand_Dickens" title="Sydney Smith Haldimand Dickens">Sydney Smith Haldimand Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fielding_Dickens" title="Henry Fielding Dickens">Henry Fielding Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dora_Annie_Dickens" title="Dora Annie Dickens">Dora Annie Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Dickens" title="Edward Dickens">Edward Dickens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tombstone_of_Charles_Irving_Thornton" title="Tombstone of Charles Irving Thornton">Epitaph of Charles Irving Thornton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleak_House,_Broadstairs" title="Bleak House, Broadstairs">Bleak House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_work_of_Charles_Dickens" title="Racism in the work of Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens and racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tavistock_House" title="Tavistock House">Tavistock House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gads_Hill_Place" title="Gads Hill Place">Gads Hill Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grip_(raven)" title="Grip (raven)">Grip (raven)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickens_fair" title="Dickens fair">Dickens fair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickens_and_Little_Nell_(Elwell)" title="Dickens and Little Nell (Elwell)"><i>Dickens and Little Nell</i> (statue)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens_in_His_Study" title="Charles Dickens in His Study">Charles Dickens in His Study</a></i> (1859 painting)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dickens_of_London" title="Dickens of London">Dickens of London</a></i> (1976 miniseries)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dickens_in_America" title="Dickens in America">Dickens in America</a></i> (2005 documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Invisible_Woman_(2013_film)" title="The Invisible Woman (2013 film)">The Invisible Woman</a></i> (2013 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dickensian_(TV_series)" title="Dickensian (TV series)">Dickensian</a></i> (2015 TV series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_Who_Invented_Christmas_(film)" title="The Man Who Invented Christmas (film)">The Man Who Invented Christmas</a></i> (2017 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Charles_Dickens" title="Category:Charles Dickens">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Charles_Dickens&#039;s_The_Pickwick_Papers_(1836)" style="width: ;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Pickwick_Papers" title="Template:The Pickwick Papers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Pickwick_Papers" title="Template talk:The Pickwick Papers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Pickwick_Papers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Pickwick Papers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Charles_Dickens&#039;s_The_Pickwick_Papers_(1836)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a>'s <i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Pickwick Papers</a></i> (1836)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Pickwick" title="Samuel Pickwick">Samuel Pickwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Weller_(character)" title="Sam Weller (character)">Sam Weller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Jingle" title="Alfred Jingle">Alfred Jingle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Winkle" title="Nathaniel Winkle">Nathaniel Winkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Snodgrass" title="Augustus Snodgrass">Augustus Snodgrass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracy_Tupman" title="Tracy Tupman">Tracy Tupman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrs_Bardell_(Pickwick_Papers)" title="Mrs Bardell (Pickwick Papers)">Mrs Bardell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Weller" title="Tony Weller">Tony Weller</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Supporting_characters">Mr Wardle</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Dickens_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_13103.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Charles_Dickens_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_13103.jpg/95px-Charles_Dickens_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_13103.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Charles_Dickens_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_13103.jpg/143px-Charles_Dickens_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_13103.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Charles_Dickens_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_13103.jpg/190px-Charles_Dickens_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_13103.jpg 2x" data-file-width="278" data-file-height="299" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goswell_Road" title="Goswell Road">Goswell Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipswich" title="Ipswich">Ipswich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_Prison" title="Fleet Prison">Fleet Prison</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Weller,_or,_The_Pickwickians" title="Samuel Weller, or, The Pickwickians">Samuel Weller, or, The Pickwickians</a></i> (1837)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pickwick_(operetta)" title="Pickwick (operetta)">Pickwick</a></i> (1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers_(1913_film)" title="The Pickwick Papers (1913 film)">1913 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Mr._Pickwick" title="The Adventures of Mr. Pickwick">1921 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers_(1952_film)" title="The Pickwick Papers (1952 film)">1952 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickwick_(musical)" title="Pickwick (musical)">1963 musical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickwick_(film)" title="Pickwick (film)">1969 TV film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers_(TV_series)" title="The Pickwick Papers (TV series)">1985 TV series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pickwick_Papers_(1985_film)" title="The Pickwick Papers (1985 film)">1985 film</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/If_I_Ruled_the_World" title="If I Ruled the World">If I Ruled the World</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_and_Vulture" title="George and Vulture">George and Vulture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q460583#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q460583#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q460583#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/185711795">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4304660-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79107984">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12338767q">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12338767q">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/dbqtzkcx3wzwbt6">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007567903005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/096287888">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/work/18a7d3ed-2d13-46b7-8b21-2ee697755e92">MusicBrainz work</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&oldid=1253690556">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&oldid=1253690556</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:The_Pickwick_Papers" title="Category:The Pickwick Papers">The Pickwick Papers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1837_British_novels" title="Category:1837 British novels">1837 British novels</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1837_debut_novels" title="Category:1837 debut novels">1837 debut novels</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1830s_debut_novels" title="Category:1830s debut novels">1830s debut novels</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_novels_adapted_into_films" title="Category:British novels adapted into films">British novels adapted into films</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_novels_adapted_into_plays" title="Category:British novels adapted into plays">British novels adapted into plays</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_novels_adapted_into_television_shows" title="Category:British novels adapted into television shows">British novels adapted into television shows</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chapman_%26_Hall_books" title="Category:Chapman & Hall books">Chapman & Hall books</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_novels" title="Category:English novels">English novels</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fiction_set_in_1827" title="Category:Fiction set in 1827">Fiction set in 1827</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fiction_set_in_1828" title="Category:Fiction set in 1828">Fiction set in 1828</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Novels_adapted_into_radio_programs" title="Category:Novels adapted into radio programs">Novels adapted into radio programs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Novels_by_Charles_Dickens" title="Category:Novels by Charles Dickens">Novels by Charles Dickens</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Novels_first_published_in_serial_form" title="Category:Novels first published in serial form">Novels first published in serial form</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Novels_set_in_the_1820s" title="Category:Novels set in the 1820s">Novels set in the 1820s</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:William_Lamb,_2nd_Viscount_Melbourne" title="Category:William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne">William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_comedy_novels" title="Category:British comedy novels">British comedy novels</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_Encyclopedia_Americana_with_a_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the Encyclopedia Americana with a Wikisource reference">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the Encyclopedia Americana with a Wikisource reference</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_Encyclopedia_Americana" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from Encyclopedia Americana">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from Encyclopedia Americana</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_September_2013" title="Category:EngvarB from September 2013">EngvarB from September 2013</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_January_2024" title="Category:Use dmy dates from January 2024">Use dmy dates from January 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_that_link_to_Wikisource" title="Category:Articles that link to Wikisource">Articles that link to Wikisource</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_Nuttall_Encyclopedia" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the Nuttall Encyclopedia">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the Nuttall Encyclopedia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_Nuttall_Encyclopedia" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Nuttall Encyclopedia">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Nuttall Encyclopedia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_locally_defined" title="Category:Commons category link is locally defined">Commons category link is locally defined</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LibriVox_links" title="Category:Articles with LibriVox links">Articles with LibriVox links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 27 October 2024, at 10:49<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Pickwick_Papers&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-fb9fb","wgBackendResponseTime":147,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.733","walltime":"0.925","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3498,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":88621,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":4210,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":4,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":92340,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 798.186 1 -total"," 30.89% 246.579 1 Template:Reflist"," 16.45% 131.266 3 Template:Navbox"," 16.08% 128.334 1 Template:Charles_Dickens"," 13.68% 109.193 1 Template:Infobox_book"," 13.23% 105.586 1 Template:Americana"," 10.77% 85.930 1 Template:Short_description"," 10.23% 81.625 1 Template:Infobox"," 7.05% 56.301 3 Template:Sister_project"," 6.88% 54.908 1 Template:Commons_category"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.428","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6383576,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-drjjp","timestamp":"20241122144727","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"The Pickwick Papers","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Pickwick_Papers","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q460583","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q460583","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-01-08T08:14:36Z","dateModified":"2024-10-27T10:49:16Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/bf\/Pickwickclub_serial.jpg","headline":"1837 novel by Charles Dickens"}</script> </body> </html>