CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Théâtre Robert-Houdin - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"e064b0b5-378f-4eba-9f7d-a424a934aeb9","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Théâtre_Robert-Houdin","wgTitle":"Théâtre Robert-Houdin","wgCurRevisionId":1258627341,"wgRevisionId":1258627341,"wgArticleId":65388622,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Coordinates on Wikidata","Former theatres in Paris","Cinemas in Paris","Magic shows","1845 establishments in France","1924 disestablishments in France","Buildings and structures in the 9th arrondissement of Paris","Demolished buildings and structures in Paris","Buildings and structures demolished in 1924","Former cinemas"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en", "wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Théâtre_Robert-Houdin","wgRelevantArticleId":65388622,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":48.8719,"lon":2.3386},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId": "Q104858332","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible", "mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.6"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Devils_castle_poster.jpg/1200px-Devils_castle_poster.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1522"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Devils_castle_poster.jpg/800px-Devils_castle_poster.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1014"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Devils_castle_poster.jpg/640px-Devils_castle_poster.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="811"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Théâtre Robert-Houdin - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Théâtre_Robert-Houdin rootpage-Théâtre_Robert-Houdin skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-The_Palais-Royal_years,_1845–1852" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Palais-Royal_years,_1845–1852"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>The Palais-Royal years, 1845–1852</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Palais-Royal_years,_1845–1852-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_move_to_the_Boulevard,_1852–1888" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_move_to_the_Boulevard,_1852–1888"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>The move to the Boulevard, 1852–1888</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_move_to_the_Boulevard,_1852–1888-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Méliès_refurbishment,_1888–1896" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Méliès_refurbishment,_1888–1896"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>The Méliès refurbishment, 1888–1896</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Méliès_refurbishment,_1888–1896-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stage_and_film_combinations,_1896–1901" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stage_and_film_combinations,_1896–1901"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Stage and film combinations, 1896–1901</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stage_and_film_combinations,_1896–1901-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rebuilding_after_fire,_1901–1908" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rebuilding_after_fire,_1901–1908"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Rebuilding after fire, 1901–1908</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rebuilding_after_fire,_1901–1908-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Final_years,_1914–1924" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Final_years,_1914–1924"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Final years, 1914–1924</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Final_years,_1914–1924-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notes subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Théâtre Robert-Houdin</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 2 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-2" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">2 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin" title="Théâtre Robert-Houdin – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Théâtre Robert-Houdin" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin" title="Théâtre Robert-Houdin – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Théâtre Robert-Houdin" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q104858332#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&oldid=1258627341" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&id=1258627341&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlQ%C4%B1sald%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTh%25C3%25A9%25C3%25A2tre_Robert-Houdin"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrKodu&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTh%25C3%25A9%25C3%25A2tre_Robert-Houdin"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q104858332" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&params=48.8719_N_2.3386_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°52′19″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°20′19″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">48.8719°N 2.3386°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.8719; 2.3386</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Paris theatre</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Devils_castle_poster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Devils_castle_poster.jpg/300px-Devils_castle_poster.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="380" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Devils_castle_poster.jpg/450px-Devils_castle_poster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Devils_castle_poster.jpg/600px-Devils_castle_poster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2366" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Undated poster for the Théâtre Robert-Houdin</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Théâtre Robert-Houdin</b>, initially advertised as the <b>Théâtre des Soirées Fantastiques de Robert-Houdin</b>, was a Paris theatre dedicated primarily to the performance of <a href="/wiki/Stage_illusion" title="Stage illusion">stage illusions</a>. Founded by the famous magician <a href="/wiki/Jean-Eug%C3%A8ne_Robert-Houdin" title="Jean-Eugène Robert-Houdin">Jean-Eugène Robert-Houdin</a> in 1845 at No. 164 Galerie Valois as part of the <a href="/wiki/Palais-Royal" title="Palais-Royal">Palais-Royal</a>, it moved in 1852 to a permanent home at No. 8, <a href="/wiki/Boulevard_des_Italiens" title="Boulevard des Italiens">Boulevard des Italiens</a>. The theatre's later directors, before its demolition in 1924, included Robert-Houdin's protégé Hamilton and the illusionist and film innovator <a href="/wiki/Georges_M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s" title="Georges Méliès">Georges Méliès</a>. </p><p>When he first founded the theatre, Robert-Houdin was known primarily for his guest appearances as a magician and his clever mechanical inventions. Eager to solidify his work as a stage performer, he leased assembly rooms in the Palais-Royal and had them converted into a small but elegant <a href="/wiki/Proscenium_theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Proscenium theatre">proscenium theatre</a> auditorium. In setting his stage, Robert-Houdin deliberately set himself apart from conventional stage-magic traditions; he eschewed the usual emphasis on dazzling visual confusion, replacing it with a simple drawing-room look with light furniture in the <a href="/wiki/Style_Louis_XV" class="mw-redirect" title="Style Louis XV">Style Louis XV</a>. After a rocky start, his theatre gained critical respect, and boomed in popularity with the introduction of Robert-Houdin's <a href="/wiki/Mentalism" title="Mentalism">mind-reading</a> illusion "Second Sight". </p><p>In early 1852, Robert-Houdin transferred the theatre's directorship to his former pupil Hamilton (born Pierre Etienne Chocat), who continued its success. At the end of that year, when the lease on the Palais-Royal location ran out, Hamilton moved his operation to a <a href="/wiki/Boulevard_theatre_(aesthetic)" title="Boulevard theatre (aesthetic)">boulevard theatre</a> venue on the Boulevard des Italiens. In its new permanent location, the theatre continued to run for the next few decades, under directors including Cleverman (born François Lahire), Pierre Edouard Brunnet, and Émile Voisin. A drastic refreshing of the theatre's repertoire in the mid-1870s gave it a major financial boost, with the added box-office takings allowing it to start hosting guest artists. However, the boom did not last long, and the theatre was physically run-down and in a serious financial slump by the mid-1880s. </p><p>In 1888, <a href="/wiki/Georges_M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s" title="Georges Méliès">Georges Méliès</a> took over the lease on the venue. He retained its existing staff but began a thorough revamping, aiming to restore both the theatre's architecture and its repertoire to their former quality. His first major innovation was to conclude each evening's entertainment with a spectacularly staged, lavishly advertised illusion, telling a miniature story complete with original scenery and costumed characters. Méliès's restorations and innovations were a marked success. In 1896, when moving pictures were an emerging novelty, he added film projection to the theatre's repertoire, and even began making his own films to show there and sell elsewhere. Over the next fifteen years, filmmaking became a major part of his career, on top of and overlapping with his work at the theatre. A 1901 fire destroyed most of the venue, but the theatre was rebuilt the same year and continued to present performances with success. </p><p>At the onset of the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>, the theatre was closed; Méliès, now severely in debt from a series of filmmaking-related troubles, was unable to keep it going, and sublet it as a full-time cinema. He shut down the venue in 1923, when he sold all his property in an attempt to pay his debts. Paris city planners demolished the theatre the following year to allow for an extension of the <a href="/wiki/Boulevard_Haussmann" title="Boulevard Haussmann">Boulevard Haussmann</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Palais-Royal_years,_1845–1852"><span id="The_Palais-Royal_years.2C_1845.E2.80.931852"></span>The Palais-Royal years, 1845–1852</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: The Palais-Royal years, 1845–1852"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert%E2%80%90Houdin_portrait.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Robert%E2%80%90Houdin_portrait.png/170px-Robert%E2%80%90Houdin_portrait.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Robert%E2%80%90Houdin_portrait.png/255px-Robert%E2%80%90Houdin_portrait.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Robert%E2%80%90Houdin_portrait.png/340px-Robert%E2%80%90Houdin_portrait.png 2x" data-file-width="356" data-file-height="477" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of Robert‐Houdin</figcaption></figure> <p>In the early 1840s, the innovative magician <a href="/wiki/Jean-Eug%C3%A8ne_Robert-Houdin" title="Jean-Eugène Robert-Houdin">Jean-Eugène Robert-Houdin</a> was well-regarded, particularly for the mechanical curiosities he exhibited to audiences and sold to rich patrons. He performed with a trick <a href="/wiki/Automaton" title="Automaton">automaton</a> at the <a href="/wiki/French_Industrial_Exposition_of_1844" title="French Industrial Exposition of 1844">French Industrial Exposition of 1844</a>, drawing guests including King <a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_I" title="Louis Philippe I">Louis Philippe I</a>, and winning a silver medal from the exposition judges.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996138_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996138-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was keen to expand his magical performances by opening his own venue, and a nobleman who had hired him for private parties, the Count de L'Escalopier, invested fifteen thousand francs into the project.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996139_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996139-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1845, the theatre was launched inside the <a href="/wiki/Palais-Royal" title="Palais-Royal">Palais-Royal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018121_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018121-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This building, once home to <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Richelieu" title="Cardinal Richelieu">Cardinal Richelieu</a>, had been converted into a lavish shopping arcade, with shops and cafés on the ground floor and assembly rooms above them. Robert-Houdin and de L'Escalopier leased assembly rooms at No. 164 Galerie Valois, and had carpenters knock down interior walls to create an auditorium,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996139_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996139-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a seating capacity of about two hundred.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188130_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188130-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decorations were in the <a href="/wiki/Style_Louis_XV" class="mw-redirect" title="Style Louis XV">Style Louis XV</a>, with white walls and gold trim, and Robert-Houdin's <a href="/wiki/Proscenium_stage" class="mw-redirect" title="Proscenium stage">proscenium stage</a> was set up as an elegant drawing-room, complete with <a href="/wiki/Candelabra" title="Candelabra">candelabras</a> and drapery.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996139_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996139-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin_stage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin_stage.jpg/220px-Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin_stage.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin_stage.jpg/330px-Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin_stage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin_stage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="392" data-file-height="308" /></a><figcaption>Robert-Houdin's sketch of his stage</figcaption></figure> <p>Robert-Houdin set himself apart from previous magic acts in his stage setting; while some other magicians had tried to dazzle with elaborate, purely ornamental props and lighting effects, and abundant use of tables covered with cloth to the floor, Robert-Houdin hoped to impress by sticking to the relatively simple Style Louis XV and limiting the furniture to the minimum needed for his act.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188135–37_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188135–37-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Folding doors on both sides of the stage allowed Robert-Houdin to bring his elaborate mechanical devices on and offstage; the door at the right led to a room looking out over the Palais-Royal's garden. He used this room as a <a href="/wiki/Green_room" title="Green room">green room</a> when preparing in the evening, and as a workshop during the day.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188132_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188132-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Robert-Houdin initially advertised the venue as the "Théâtre des Soirées Fantastiques de Robert-Houdin", but this name was soon abridged to "Théâtre Robert-Houdin".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188111_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188111-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ticket prices were set relatively high to make up for the auditorium's small capacity, with prices between two and five francs depending on the position of the seat.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188130_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188130-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Le_Voltigeur_au_trap%C3%A8ze_Robert-Houdin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Le_Voltigeur_au_trap%C3%A8ze_Robert-Houdin.jpg/220px-Le_Voltigeur_au_trap%C3%A8ze_Robert-Houdin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Le_Voltigeur_au_trap%C3%A8ze_Robert-Houdin.jpg/330px-Le_Voltigeur_au_trap%C3%A8ze_Robert-Houdin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Le_Voltigeur_au_trap%C3%A8ze_Robert-Houdin.jpg/440px-Le_Voltigeur_au_trap%C3%A8ze_Robert-Houdin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1391" data-file-height="1039" /></a><figcaption>Robert-Houdin performing with an automaton on his stage</figcaption></figure> <p>The theatre opened on 3 July 1845, competing directly with the gala opening of a major Paris <a href="/wiki/Amphitheatre" title="Amphitheatre">amphitheatre</a>, the Hippodrome de l'Étoile. No critics covered Robert-Houdin's first performance, and his memoirs describe it as an artistic failure wrecked by <a href="/wiki/Stage_fright" title="Stage fright">stage fright</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996131_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996131-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Robert-Houdin persevered, and slowly began to regain his cool and win critical attention for the theatre.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996132_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996132-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His performances were varied, including mechanically assisted acts like "The Fantastic Orange Tree" and trick automatons like "The Pastrycook of the Palais-Royal".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996139–141_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996139–141-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reviews in <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Charivari" title="Le Charivari">Le Charivari</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/L%27Illustration" title="L'Illustration">L'Illustration</a></i> were favourable, comparing the theatre's offerings to those of famous magicians like <a href="/wiki/Bartolomeo_Bosco" title="Bartolomeo Bosco">Bartolomeo Bosco</a> and Philippe Talon.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996132_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996132-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 12 February 1846, Robert-Houdin added a fresh act to the repertoire: "Second Sight",<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996132_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996132-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> adapted and expanded from earlier magicians' routines. In this act, Robert-Houdin's son Émile, though blindfolded, contrived to answer questions about objects volunteered by audience members.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996142_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996142-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Second Sight" rocketed Robert-Houdin and his theatre to immense success and packed houses.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996132_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996132-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Once the theatre had won good business, Robert-Houdin closed it for the summer of 1846 to go on tour, bringing in new tricks for the fall season, including a <a href="/wiki/Levitation_(physics)" title="Levitation (physics)">levitation</a> act,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996143_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996143-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Ethereal Suspension".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996146_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996146-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over the next few years, Robert-Houdin continued the pattern of performing at his own theatre in between extended bouts of touring and tinkering.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996146_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996146-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1851, Robert-Houdin announced publicly that he was entrusting to the theatre to a successor and former pupil, Pierre Etienne Chocat, who performed under the name Hamilton. The transferral, effected in January 1852, went smoothly, with the Theatre Robert-Houdin still doing good business under its new management.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996146_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996146-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_move_to_the_Boulevard,_1852–1888"><span id="The_move_to_the_Boulevard.2C_1852.E2.80.931888"></span>The move to the Boulevard, 1852–1888</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The move to the Boulevard, 1852–1888"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boulevard_des_Italiens,_between_1860_and_1870.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Boulevard_des_Italiens%2C_between_1860_and_1870.jpg/220px-Boulevard_des_Italiens%2C_between_1860_and_1870.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Boulevard_des_Italiens%2C_between_1860_and_1870.jpg/330px-Boulevard_des_Italiens%2C_between_1860_and_1870.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Boulevard_des_Italiens%2C_between_1860_and_1870.jpg/440px-Boulevard_des_Italiens%2C_between_1860_and_1870.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2226" data-file-height="2369" /></a><figcaption>The Boulevard des Italiens in the 1860s</figcaption></figure> <p>The lease on the Palais-Royal rooms ran out in December 1852.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996148_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996148-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rather than renewing it, Hamilton moved his operation to a building at No. 8, <a href="/wiki/Boulevard_des_Italiens" title="Boulevard des Italiens">Boulevard des Italiens</a>. To inaugurate the new theatre in January 1853, Jean-Eugène Robert-Houdin gave the first performance, along with good wishes to his successor Hamilton.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996148_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996148-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The new location turned the Théâtre Robert-Houdin into a <a href="/wiki/Boulevard_theatre_(aesthetic)" title="Boulevard theatre (aesthetic)">boulevard theatre</a>, one of the entertainment venues that flourished in Paris during and after the city's 1853–1870 <a href="/wiki/Urban_renewal" title="Urban renewal">urban renewal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018121_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018121-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rebuilding of Paris during this period, led by <a href="/wiki/Georges-Eug%C3%A8ne_Haussmann" title="Georges-Eugène Haussmann">Georges-Eugène Haussmann</a>, created a "boulevard culture" that lasted throughout the second half of the nineteenth century. Boulevard theatres were smaller than established venues like the <a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A9die-Fran%C3%A7aise" title="Comédie-Française">Comédie-Française</a>, and produced more varied and experimental shows.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018121_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018121-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Boulevard des Italiens was a locus of entertainment technology during this period; numerous photographic studios operated near the Théâtre Robert-Houdin, and from 1899 onward the <a href="/wiki/Path%C3%A9" title="Pathé">Pathé</a> brothers ran a <a href="/wiki/Phonograph" title="Phonograph">phonograph</a> salon on the boulevard.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018122_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018122-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After a performing career of eleven years, Jean-Eugène Robert-Houdin moved on to writing and retirement; he died in June 1871.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996151_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996151-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Théatre Robert-Houdin continued, with Hamilton being replaced first by François Lahire, who performed as Cleverman, and then by Pierre Edouard Brunnet, whose innovations included the locked-trunk <a href="/wiki/Escape_artist" class="mw-redirect" title="Escape artist">escape artist</a> act "Malle des Indes".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996152_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996152-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the mid-1870s, the theatre's repertoire received a thorough refreshing and revamping, to considerable popular success; box-office takings were reported to have jumped up 42% between 1876 and 1878. The additional funds allowed the theatre to begin hosting a wide variety of guest artists, including <a href="/wiki/Impressionist_(entertainment)" title="Impressionist (entertainment)">mimics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marionette" title="Marionette">marionette</a> puppeteers, and <a href="/wiki/Mental_calculator" title="Mental calculator">mental calculator</a> acts.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETabet201489_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETabet201489-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Source_enchant%C3%A9e_1892.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/La_Source_enchant%C3%A9e_1892.png/170px-La_Source_enchant%C3%A9e_1892.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/La_Source_enchant%C3%A9e_1892.png/255px-La_Source_enchant%C3%A9e_1892.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/La_Source_enchant%C3%A9e_1892.png/340px-La_Source_enchant%C3%A9e_1892.png 2x" data-file-width="1088" data-file-height="1511" /></a><figcaption>Jehanne d'Alcy playing a disembodied head in the 1892 illusion "La Source enchantée"</figcaption></figure> <p>After the popularity boom of the mid-1870s, the Robert-Houdin became immersed in grave financial difficulties. By 1878, complaints were being raised that the theatre was not adequately advertising its guest artists, a problem that appears to have diminished its reputation among Parisian theatres.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETabet201490_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETabet201490-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the mid-1880s the theatre had fallen into a state of disrepair, and its acts were seen as falling off in quality.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996152_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996152-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The theatre eventually landed under the directorship of Émile Voisin, otherwise a manufacturer of props for magic acts. In 1887, Voisin hired Stéphanie Faës, an actor who performed under the name <a href="/wiki/Jehanne_d%27Alcy" title="Jehanne d'Alcy">Jehanne d'Alcy</a>. In part because she was small and agile, d'Alcy proved a valuable performer for magic illusions, and appeared in them regularly.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Méliès_refurbishment,_1888–1896"><span id="The_M.C3.A9li.C3.A8s_refurbishment.2C_1888.E2.80.931896"></span>The Méliès refurbishment, 1888–1896</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The Méliès refurbishment, 1888–1896"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Melies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/George_Melies.jpg/170px-George_Melies.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/George_Melies.jpg/255px-George_Melies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/George_Melies.jpg/340px-George_Melies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1988" data-file-height="2800" /></a><figcaption>Georges Méliès in 1895</figcaption></figure> <p>In July 1888, the theatre came under the directorship of <a href="/wiki/Georges_M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s" title="Georges Méliès">Georges Méliès</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Méliès was a rising young magician who had performed at salons, at the <a href="/wiki/Galerie_Vivienne" title="Galerie Vivienne">Galerie Vivienne</a>, and at the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Gr%C3%A9vin" title="Musée Grévin">Musée Grévin</a>; his father was a shoe manufacturer who had retired earlier in 1888, splitting up his fortune between his three sons.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While his brothers Henri and Gaston took over the shoe business, Georges Méliès used his share of the money to rent the Théâtre Robert-Houdin from the site's owner, the Count de Rohan-Chabot. Méliès also bought up the theatre's properties from the widow of Émile Robert-Houdin, the magician's son, and retained the whole staff, including performers like d'Alcy, from Voisin's directorship.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Méliès, who had been a frequent and enthusiastic audience member at the Robert-Houdin,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200817_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200817-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was keen to refurbish the aging venue and bring its acts back to the standard of quality set by Robert-Houdin himself.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996152_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996152-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He designed new scenery, had the walls repainted and the draperies replaced,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996152_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996152-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and worked with another magician, Duperrey, to plan a performance repertoire with original material.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018121_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018121-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though Méliès continued the theatre's tradition of straightforward magic acts and trick automaton exhibits, his plan also included a major innovation: every evening's entertainment would conclude with one of his "grand tricks" ("grands trucs"), large-scale illusions that were staged lavishly and advertised to match, with detailed press announcements and separate posters.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETabet201490_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETabet201490-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 1888, Méliès reopened the theatre, complete with his first grand trick, "The Persian Stroubaika" ("La Stroubaïka persane").<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni20089_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni20089-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under Méliès's directorship, the struggling theatre returned to public prominence,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and its box office flourished.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996152_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996152-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1889 he premiered three new illusions: "The Mysterious Page" ("Le Page mystérieux"), with d'Alcy in the title role; "The Flower Fairy, or Cagliostro's Mirror" ("La Fée des fleurs ou le Miroir de Cagliostro"); and "The Enchanter Alcofrisbas" ("L'Enchanteur Alcofrisbas").<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In all, Méliès would create some thirty illusions for the theatre between 1888 and 1910.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni20089_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni20089-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although he played roles in the illusions he created, Méliès rarely appeared "as himself" in a straightforward conjuring role, unless one of the featured magicians became suddenly unavailable and Méliès needed to fill in.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarnier201477_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarnier201477-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Illusions were accompanied by piano improvisation; he mentions nine Robert-Houdin pianists in his written recollections, including the composer Caroline Chelu.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarnier201474_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarnier201474-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stage_and_film_combinations,_1896–1901"><span id="Stage_and_film_combinations.2C_1896.E2.80.931901"></span>Stage and film combinations, 1896–1901</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Stage and film combinations, 1896–1901"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boulevard_des_Italiens,_Parijs_597_Paris._Perspective_du_Boulevard_des_Italiens_(titel_op_object),_RP-F-F16437.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Boulevard_des_Italiens%2C_Parijs_597_Paris._Perspective_du_Boulevard_des_Italiens_%28titel_op_object%29%2C_RP-F-F16437.jpg/220px-Boulevard_des_Italiens%2C_Parijs_597_Paris._Perspective_du_Boulevard_des_Italiens_%28titel_op_object%29%2C_RP-F-F16437.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Boulevard_des_Italiens%2C_Parijs_597_Paris._Perspective_du_Boulevard_des_Italiens_%28titel_op_object%29%2C_RP-F-F16437.jpg/330px-Boulevard_des_Italiens%2C_Parijs_597_Paris._Perspective_du_Boulevard_des_Italiens_%28titel_op_object%29%2C_RP-F-F16437.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Boulevard_des_Italiens%2C_Parijs_597_Paris._Perspective_du_Boulevard_des_Italiens_%28titel_op_object%29%2C_RP-F-F16437.jpg/440px-Boulevard_des_Italiens%2C_Parijs_597_Paris._Perspective_du_Boulevard_des_Italiens_%28titel_op_object%29%2C_RP-F-F16437.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5454" data-file-height="4218" /></a><figcaption>The Boulevard des Italiens in the late nineteenth century; the Théâtre Robert-Houdin is in the mid-foreground at right</figcaption></figure> <p>In April 1896, films were projected at the theatre for the first time, using a <a href="/wiki/Theatrograph" title="Theatrograph">Theatrograph</a> projector that Méliès had obtained from the film pioneer <a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Paul" title="Robert W. Paul">Robert W. Paul</a>. Méliès would convert the projector into a makeshift camera and begin making his own films in May of that same year.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200888_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200888-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Previously, performances at the theatre had often concluded with a <a href="/wiki/Magic_lantern" title="Magic lantern">magic lantern</a> show, with hand-coloured slides of photographic views; with the coming of the film projector, Méliès replaced these still images with moving film.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarnier201483_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarnier201483-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Méliès noted later that his first choice would have been to film inside the Robert-Houdin, but he was foiled by his camera's need for much stronger light sources, preferably <a href="/wiki/Sunlight" title="Sunlight">natural light</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGaudreault201442_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGaudreault201442-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to one recollection, Méliès did attempt on one occasion to film inside the theatre, setting up fifteen <a href="/wiki/Arc_lamp" title="Arc lamp">arc lamps</a> and fifteen <a href="/wiki/Mercury-vapor_lamp" title="Mercury-vapor lamp">mercury-vapor lamps</a> to make the 1897 series <i><a href="/wiki/Comedian_Paulus_Singing" title="Comedian Paulus Singing">Comedian Paulus Singing</a></i>, the first known use of <a href="/wiki/Artificial_light" class="mw-redirect" title="Artificial light">artificial light</a> in film. However, the experiment with artificial light was not repeated.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrazer197937_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrazer197937-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early 1897, Méliès constructed a purpose-built glass studio on his family's property in <a href="/wiki/Montreuil-sous-Bois" class="mw-redirect" title="Montreuil-sous-Bois">Montreuil-sous-Bois</a>, exactly reproducing the dimensions of the Robert-Houdin.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200888_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200888-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the building of the studio, he became more and more occupied with filmmaking, drastically reducing his output of new stage illusions; he premiered only four new illusions at the theatre between 1897 and 1910.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although Méliès's stage output was reduced, his films were regularly projected as part of the entertainment at the Robert-Houdin.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200888_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200888-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From September through December 1902, a hand-colored print of <i><a href="/wiki/A_Trip_to_the_Moon" title="A Trip to the Moon">A Trip to the Moon</a></i> was screened at the theatre after Saturday and Thursday matinee performances. It was presented there by Méliès's colleague and fellow magician, Jules-Eugène Legris, who also appeared in the film's final scenes as the leader of a parade.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESolomon20112_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESolomon20112-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s,_Escamotage_d%27une_dame_chez_Robert-Houdin_(Star_Film_70,_1896).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s%2C_Escamotage_d%27une_dame_chez_Robert-Houdin_%28Star_Film_70%2C_1896%29.jpg/220px-M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s%2C_Escamotage_d%27une_dame_chez_Robert-Houdin_%28Star_Film_70%2C_1896%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s%2C_Escamotage_d%27une_dame_chez_Robert-Houdin_%28Star_Film_70%2C_1896%29.jpg/330px-M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s%2C_Escamotage_d%27une_dame_chez_Robert-Houdin_%28Star_Film_70%2C_1896%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s%2C_Escamotage_d%27une_dame_chez_Robert-Houdin_%28Star_Film_70%2C_1896%29.jpg/440px-M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s%2C_Escamotage_d%27une_dame_chez_Robert-Houdin_%28Star_Film_70%2C_1896%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="629" data-file-height="448" /></a><figcaption>Méliès's film version of <i>The Vanishing Lady</i></figcaption></figure> <p>In addition, Méliès's films were often conceived as filmed equivalents of the illusions staged at the Robert-Houdin.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200888_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200888-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of his first important films, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Vanishing_Lady" title="The Vanishing Lady">The Vanishing Lady</a></i>, has as its full French title <i>Escomotage d'une dame chez Robert-Houdin</i> ("Disappearance of a Lady at the Robert-Houdin"); film historian <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gaudreault" title="André Gaudreault">André Gaudreault</a> argues that the same ending could be added to Méliès's other titles, turning, for example, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Terrible_Turkish_Executioner" title="The Terrible Turkish Executioner">Le Bourreau turc</a></i> into <i>Le Bourreau turc chez Robert-Houdin</i> ("The Turkish Executioner at the Robert-Houdin") or <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Off_to_Bloomingdale_Asylum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Off to Bloomingdale Asylum (page does not exist)">L'Omnibus des toqués</a></i> into <i>L'Omnibus des toqués chez Robert-Houdin</i> ("The Omnibus of Loonies at the Robert-Houdin").<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGaudreault201441_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGaudreault201441-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Méliès himself declared: "My cinematographic career was connected so closely to the career of the Théâtre Robert-Houdin, that one can hardly separate them."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGaudreault201441_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGaudreault201441-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Méliès's second film, <i><a href="/wiki/Conjuring_(1896_film)" title="Conjuring (1896 film)">Conjuring</a></i> (1896), is derived from one of his magic acts at the Robert-Houdin,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKesslerLenk1997186_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKesslerLenk1997186-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as is <i><a href="/wiki/The_Miracles_of_the_Brahmin" title="The Miracles of the Brahmin">The Miracles of the Brahmin</a></i> (1900)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni2002233_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni2002233-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i><a href="/wiki/Coppelia,_the_Animated_Doll" title="Coppelia, the Animated Doll">Coppelia, the Animated Doll</a></i> (also 1900).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuido201471_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuido201471-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Tom_Old_Boot" title="Tom Old Boot">Tom Old Boot</a></i> (1896) captures a performance by a small entertainer of the same name, who was playing at the Robert-Houdin at the time as a "nain americain" ("American dwarf").<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuido201463_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuido201463-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Living_Playing_Cards" title="The Living Playing Cards">The Living Playing Cards</a></i> (1905) was inspired by an act performed at the Robert-Houdin by <a href="/wiki/Gaston_Velle" title="Gaston Velle">Gaston Velle</a>, who would himself later become a director of Méliès-like <a href="/wiki/Trick_film" title="Trick film">trick films</a> for <a href="/wiki/Path%C3%A9_Fr%C3%A8res" class="mw-redirect" title="Pathé Frères">Pathé Frères</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnonymous2000_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnonymous2000-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under Méliès, the theatre's offerings included an annual revue, <i>Passez Muscade</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETabet201490–92_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETabet201490–92-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1899 edition mixed stage performances with filmed attractions,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarnier201483_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarnier201483-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and included two topical parodies of the rival magician <a href="/wiki/Buatier_de_Kolta" class="mw-redirect" title="Buatier de Kolta">Buatier de Kolta</a>, caricaturing him as a pompous magician with the similar-sounding name "Moitié de Polka", and spoofing his illusion "Le Miracle". (A 1908 Méliès film, also titled <i><a href="/wiki/Moiti%C3%A9_de_polka" title="Moitié de polka">Moitié de polka</a></i>, may have adapted this parody, but the film is currently presumed <a href="/wiki/Lost_film" title="Lost film">lost</a>.)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETabet201490–92_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETabet201490–92-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Méliès kept the Théâtre running continuously for most of the year, with an annual brief closing for summer vacation (for example, 14 July to 31 July in 1896, during which Méliès took his family to the coast of <a href="/wiki/Normandy" title="Normandy">Normandy</a> and made numerous <a href="/wiki/List_of_actuality_films_by_Georges_M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s" title="List of actuality films by Georges Méliès">actuality films</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200823–24_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200823–24-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rebuilding_after_fire,_1901–1908"><span id="Rebuilding_after_fire.2C_1901.E2.80.931908"></span>Rebuilding after fire, 1901–1908</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Rebuilding after fire, 1901–1908"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Théâtre Robert-Houdin was partly destroyed by a fire on 30 January 1901.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Essai''1981101_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Essai''1981101-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Count de Rohan-Chabot applied for municipal approval to have it rebuilt, and authorization was granted in May–June 1901, though the authorities noted that the building would be affected should plans for extending the <a href="/wiki/Boulevard_Haussmann" title="Boulevard Haussmann">Boulevard Haussmann</a> go through.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivière-Petitotn.d._40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivière-Petitotn.d.-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rebuilt theatre opened on 22 September.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Essai''1981101_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Essai''1981101-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Charles Claudel, an artist who had painted scenery for many of Méliès's films, contributed three large paintings of a sorcerer, a conjurer, and a <a href="/wiki/Louis_XV" title="Louis XV">Louis XV</a>-era magician, as well as a ceiling mural depicting some of Robert-Houdin's famous automatons. The rebuilt interior maintained the original white-and-gold colour scheme, with drapery and upholstery in pale green.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivière-Petitotn.d._40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivière-Petitotn.d.-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Méliès was present for the grand re-opening, but later recalled that he was on crutches, from an accident he sustained while filming <i><a href="/wiki/Blue_Beard_(1901_film)" title="Blue Beard (1901 film)">Blue Beard</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Essai''1981101_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Essai''1981101-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 6 December 1905, the theatre hosted the French Society of Magicians celebrating Robert-Houdin's hundredth birthday. Several prominent Paris magicians presented illusions, and Méliès performed with one of Robert-Houdin's original automatons, "Antonio Diavolo".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans1909159_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans1909159-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1910, Méliès had the theatre present a <a href="/wiki/Benefit_performance" title="Benefit performance">benefit performance</a> for victims of the <a href="/wiki/1910_Great_Flood_of_Paris" title="1910 Great Flood of Paris">1910 Great Flood of Paris</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrazer1979209_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrazer1979209-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 1903 guidebook reported: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The successor of the famous Robert-Houdin, the prestidigitateur, in his small but well-appointed theatre, caters chiefly for children and young people of both sexes, but so skilful is he at his performances, that children of larger growth are delighted to be numbered amongst his audiences. The tricks performed are really marvellous and amusing—often of real dramatic interest, and ever and anon finished comedy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnonymous190359_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnonymous190359-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p><a href="/wiki/Harry_Houdini" title="Harry Houdini">Harry Houdini</a>, in his 1908 book <i>The Unmasking of Robert-Houdin</i>, acknowledged that the Théâtre Robert-Houdin was a "historic temple of magic". He reported that some Parisians assumed that Jean-Eugène Robert-Houdin himself "was still alive and giving performances at the theatre which bears his name."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoudini190848_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoudini190848-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Final_years,_1914–1924"><span id="Final_years.2C_1914.E2.80.931924"></span>Final years, 1914–1924</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Final years, 1914–1924"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plaque_Robert-Houdin,_11_rue_de_Valois,_Paris_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Plaque_Robert-Houdin%2C_11_rue_de_Valois%2C_Paris_1.jpg/220px-Plaque_Robert-Houdin%2C_11_rue_de_Valois%2C_Paris_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Plaque_Robert-Houdin%2C_11_rue_de_Valois%2C_Paris_1.jpg/330px-Plaque_Robert-Houdin%2C_11_rue_de_Valois%2C_Paris_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Plaque_Robert-Houdin%2C_11_rue_de_Valois%2C_Paris_1.jpg/440px-Plaque_Robert-Houdin%2C_11_rue_de_Valois%2C_Paris_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2090" data-file-height="2600" /></a><figcaption>Plaque commemorating the theatre's first site</figcaption></figure> <p>At the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a> in August 1914, Méliès closed and sublet the theatre.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It reopened nine months later as a full-time cinema house, the Ciné-Salon Robert-Houdin,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> no longer under Méliès's directorship.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGaudreault201430_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGaudreault201430-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the ensuing years, Méliès's debts grew worse, including those to <a href="/wiki/Path%C3%A9" title="Pathé">Pathé</a> regarding funds for making his last films. He sold his land, including his film studios, and shut down the Théatre Robert-Houdin completely in 1923.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Méliès destroyed his entire collection of his films, more than 500 in all, the same year.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni20089_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni20089-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1924, Numbers 2 through 18 on the Boulevard des Italiens, including the Théâtre Robert-Houdin at No. 8 and the Passage de l'Opéra at No. 10, were demolished to make room for an extension of the Boulevard Haussmann.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018124_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018124-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Ma carrière cinématographique est tellement liée à celle du Théâtre Robert-Houdin, qu'on ne peut guère les séparer."</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996138-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996138_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChristopherChristopher1996">Christopher & Christopher 1996</a>, p. 138.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996139-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996139_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996139_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996139_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChristopherChristopher1996">Christopher & Christopher 1996</a>, p. 139.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018121-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018121_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018121_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018121_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018121_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPflugerChenHasler2018">Pfluger, Chen & Hasler 2018</a>, p. 121.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188130-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188130_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188130_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRobert-Houdin1881">Robert-Houdin 1881</a>, p. 30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188135–37-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188135–37_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRobert-Houdin1881">Robert-Houdin 1881</a>, pp. 35–37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188132-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188132_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRobert-Houdin1881">Robert-Houdin 1881</a>, p. 32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188111-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERobert-Houdin188111_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRobert-Houdin1881">Robert-Houdin 1881</a>, p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996131-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996131_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChristopherChristopher1996">Christopher & Christopher 1996</a>, p. 131.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996132-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996132_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996132_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996132_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996132_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChristopherChristopher1996">Christopher & Christopher 1996</a>, p. 132.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996139–141-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996139–141_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChristopherChristopher1996">Christopher & Christopher 1996</a>, pp. 139–141.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996142-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996142_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChristopherChristopher1996">Christopher & Christopher 1996</a>, p. 142.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996143-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996143_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChristopherChristopher1996">Christopher & Christopher 1996</a>, p. 143.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996146-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996146_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996146_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996146_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChristopherChristopher1996">Christopher & Christopher 1996</a>, p. 146.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996148-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996148_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996148_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChristopherChristopher1996">Christopher & Christopher 1996</a>, p. 148.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018122-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018122_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPflugerChenHasler2018">Pfluger, Chen & Hasler 2018</a>, p. 122.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996151-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996151_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChristopherChristopher1996">Christopher & Christopher 1996</a>, p. 151.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996152-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996152_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996152_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996152_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996152_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristopherChristopher1996152_17-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChristopherChristopher1996">Christopher & Christopher 1996</a>, p. 152.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETabet201489-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETabet201489_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabet2014">Tabet 2014</a>, p. 89.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETabet201490-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETabet201490_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETabet201490_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabet2014">Tabet 2014</a>, p. 90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200868_20-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalthêteMannoni2008">Malthête & Mannoni 2008</a>, p. 68.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200817-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200817_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalthêteMannoni2008">Malthête & Mannoni 2008</a>, p. 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni20089-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni20089_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni20089_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni20089_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalthêteMannoni2008">Malthête & Mannoni 2008</a>, p. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarnier201477-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarnier201477_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarnier2014">Barnier 2014</a>, p. 77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarnier201474-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarnier201474_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarnier2014">Barnier 2014</a>, p. 74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200888-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200888_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200888_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200888_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200888_25-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalthêteMannoni2008">Malthête & Mannoni 2008</a>, p. 88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarnier201483-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarnier201483_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarnier201483_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarnier2014">Barnier 2014</a>, p. 83.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGaudreault201442-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGaudreault201442_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGaudreault2014">Gaudreault 2014</a>, p. 42.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrazer197937-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrazer197937_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFrazer1979">Frazer 1979</a>, p. 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESolomon20112-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESolomon20112_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSolomon2011">Solomon 2011</a>, p. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGaudreault201441-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGaudreault201441_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGaudreault201441_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGaudreault2014">Gaudreault 2014</a>, p. 41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKesslerLenk1997186-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKesslerLenk1997186_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKesslerLenk1997">Kessler & Lenk 1997</a>, p. 186.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni2002233-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni2002233_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalthêteMannoni2002">Malthête & Mannoni 2002</a>, p. 233.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuido201471-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuido201471_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuido2014">Guido 2014</a>, p. 71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuido201463-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuido201463_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuido2014">Guido 2014</a>, p. 63.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnonymous2000-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnonymous2000_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnonymous2000">Anonymous 2000</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETabet201490–92-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETabet201490–92_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETabet201490–92_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTabet2014">Tabet 2014</a>, pp. 90–92.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200823–24-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalthêteMannoni200823–24_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalthêteMannoni2008">Malthête & Mannoni 2008</a>, pp. 23–24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Essai''1981101-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Essai''1981101_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Essai''1981101_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Essai''1981101_39-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEssai1981"><i>Essai</i> 1981</a>, p. 101.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERivière-Petitotn.d.-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivière-Petitotn.d._40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivière-Petitotn.d._40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRivière-Petitotn.d.">Rivière-Petitot n.d</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans1909159-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans1909159_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEvans1909">Evans 1909</a>, p. 159.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrazer1979209-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrazer1979209_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFrazer1979">Frazer 1979</a>, p. 209.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnonymous190359-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnonymous190359_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnonymous1903">Anonymous 1903</a>, p. 59.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoudini190848-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoudini190848_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHoudini1908">Houdini 1908</a>, p. 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGaudreault201430-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGaudreault201430_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGaudreault2014">Gaudreault 2014</a>, p. 30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018124-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPflugerChenHasler2018124_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPflugerChenHasler2018">Pfluger, Chen & Hasler 2018</a>, p. 124.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAnonymous1903" class="citation cs2">Anonymous (1903), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pleasureguidetop00dayg/page/58/mode/2up"><i>Pleasure Guide to Paris for Bachelors</i></a>, translated by Day, George, London: Nilsson and Company</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pleasure+Guide+to+Paris+for+Bachelors&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Nilsson+and+Company&rft.date=1903&rft.au=Anonymous&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpleasureguidetop00dayg%2Fpage%2F58%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnonymous2000" class="citation cs2">Anonymous (2000), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cinetecadelfriuli.org/gcm/ed_precedenti/screenings_recorden.php?ID=4070">"Cartes vivantes, Les"</a>, <i>Giornate Database</i>, <a href="/wiki/Pordenone_Silent_Film_Festival" title="Pordenone Silent Film Festival">Pordenone Silent Film Festival</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 December</span> 2017</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Giornate+Database&rft.atitle=Cartes+vivantes%2C+Les&rft.date=2000&rft.au=Anonymous&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cinetecadelfriuli.org%2Fgcm%2Fed_precedenti%2Fscreenings_recorden.php%3FID%3D4070&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarnier2014" class="citation cs2">Barnier, Martin (2014), "Le son féerique de Méliès", in Malthête, Jacques; Gaudreault, André; Le Forestier, Laurent (eds.), <i>Méliès, carrefour des attractions; suivi de Correspondances de Georges Méliès (1904-1937)</i>, Rennes: Presses universitaires de Rennes, pp. 73–83</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Le+son+f%C3%A9erique+de+M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s&rft.btitle=M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s%2C+carrefour+des+attractions%3B+suivi+de+Correspondances+de+Georges+M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s+%281904-1937%29&rft.place=Rennes&rft.pages=73-83&rft.pub=Presses+universitaires+de+Rennes&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Barnier&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristopherChristopher1996" class="citation cs2">Christopher, Milbourne; Christopher, Maurine (1996), <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/illustratedhisto00chri/"><i>The Illustrated History of Magic</i></a></span>, Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Illustrated+History+of+Magic&rft.place=Portsmouth%2C+NH&rft.pub=Heinemann&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Christopher&rft.aufirst=Milbourne&rft.au=Christopher%2C+Maurine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fillustratedhisto00chri%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEssai1981" class="citation cs2"><i>Essai de reconstitution du catalogue français de la Star-Film; suivi d'une analyse catalographique des films de Georges Méliès recensés en France</i>, Bois d'Arcy: Service des archives du film du Centre national de la cinématographie, 1981, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2903053073" title="Special:BookSources/2903053073"><bdi>2903053073</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Essai+de+reconstitution+du+catalogue+fran%C3%A7ais+de+la+Star-Film%3B+suivi+d%27une+analyse+catalographique+des+films+de+Georges+M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s+recens%C3%A9s+en+France&rft.place=Bois+d%27Arcy&rft.pub=Service+des+archives+du+film+du+Centre+national+de+la+cin%C3%A9matographie&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=2903053073&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans1909" class="citation cs2">Evans, Henry Ridgely (1909), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YzouAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA159"><i>The Old and the New Magic</i></a>, Chicago: The Open Court Publishing Company</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Old+and+the+New+Magic&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=The+Open+Court+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1909&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Henry+Ridgely&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYzouAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA159&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrazer1979" class="citation cs2">Frazer, John (1979), <i>Artificially Arranged Scenes: The Films of Georges Méliès</i>, Boston: G. K. Hall & Co., <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0816183686" title="Special:BookSources/0816183686"><bdi>0816183686</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Artificially+Arranged+Scenes%3A+The+Films+of+Georges+M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=G.+K.+Hall+%26+Co.&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=0816183686&rft.aulast=Frazer&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGaudreault2014" class="citation cs2">Gaudreault, André (2014), "La cinématographie-attraction chez Méliès: Une conception durable", in Malthête, Jacques; Gaudreault, André; Le Forestier, Laurent (eds.), <i>Méliès, carrefour des attractions; suivi de Correspondances de Georges Méliès (1904-1937)</i>, Rennes: Presses universitaires de Rennes, pp. 27–43</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=La+cin%C3%A9matographie-attraction+chez+M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s%3A+Une+conception+durable&rft.btitle=M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s%2C+carrefour+des+attractions%3B+suivi+de+Correspondances+de+Georges+M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s+%281904-1937%29&rft.place=Rennes&rft.pages=27-43&rft.pub=Presses+universitaires+de+Rennes&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Gaudreault&rft.aufirst=Andr%C3%A9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuido2014" class="citation cs2">Guido, Laurent (2014), "De la performance scénique à la ciné-chorégraphie: Les avatars de la danse chez Georges Méliès", in Malthête, Jacques; Gaudreault, André; Le Forestier, Laurent (eds.), <i>Méliès, carrefour des attractions; suivi de Correspondances de Georges Méliès (1904-1937)</i>, Rennes: Presses universitaires de Rennes, pp. 63–72</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=De+la+performance+sc%C3%A9nique+%C3%A0+la+cin%C3%A9-chor%C3%A9graphie%3A+Les+avatars+de+la+danse+chez+Georges+M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s&rft.btitle=M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s%2C+carrefour+des+attractions%3B+suivi+de+Correspondances+de+Georges+M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s+%281904-1937%29&rft.place=Rennes&rft.pages=63-72&rft.pub=Presses+universitaires+de+Rennes&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Guido&rft.aufirst=Laurent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoudini1908" class="citation cs2">Houdini, Harry (1908), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/unmaskingrobert00houdgoog"><i>The Unmasking of Robert-Houdin</i></a>, New York: Publisher's Printing Company</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Unmasking+of+Robert-Houdin&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Publisher%27s+Printing+Company&rft.date=1908&rft.aulast=Houdini&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funmaskingrobert00houdgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKesslerLenk1997" class="citation cs2">Kessler, Frank; Lenk, Sabine (1997), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1n9W-3XrdPAC&pg=PA186">"L'addresse-Méliès"</a>, in Malthête, Jacques; Marie, Michel (eds.), <i>Georges Méliès, l'illusionniste fin de siècle?: actes du colloque de Cerisy-la-Salle, 13–22 août 1996</i>, Paris: Presses de la Sorbonne nouvelle, pp. 183–199, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782878541403" title="Special:BookSources/9782878541403"><bdi>9782878541403</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=L%27addresse-M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s&rft.btitle=Georges+M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s%2C+l%27illusionniste+fin+de+si%C3%A8cle%3F%3A+actes+du+colloque+de+Cerisy-la-Salle%2C+13%E2%80%9322+ao%C3%BBt+1996&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=183-199&rft.pub=Presses+de+la+Sorbonne+nouvelle&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9782878541403&rft.aulast=Kessler&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.au=Lenk%2C+Sabine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1n9W-3XrdPAC%26pg%3DPA186&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalthêteMannoni2002" class="citation cs2">Malthête, Jacques; Mannoni, Laurent (2002), <i>Méliès: magie et cinéma</i>, Paris: Paris-Musées, p. 233</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s%3A+magie+et+cin%C3%A9ma&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=233&rft.pub=Paris-Mus%C3%A9es&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Malth%C3%AAte&rft.aufirst=Jacques&rft.au=Mannoni%2C+Laurent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalthêteMannoni2008" class="citation cs2">Malthête, Jacques; Mannoni, Laurent (2008), <i>L'oeuvre de Georges Méliès</i>, Paris: Éditions de La Martinière, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782732437323" title="Special:BookSources/9782732437323"><bdi>9782732437323</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=L%27oeuvre+de+Georges+M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=%C3%89ditions+de+La+Martini%C3%A8re&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9782732437323&rft.aulast=Malth%C3%AAte&rft.aufirst=Jacques&rft.au=Mannoni%2C+Laurent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPflugerChenHasler2018" class="citation cs2">Pfluger, David; Chen, Ya-Wen; Hasler, Oliver (November 2018), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331774015"><i>Visiting Georges Melies: A Cinematic World Lost And Found. A 3D Model Of The Boulevard Des Italiens, Where Early Cinema Emerged</i></a> (conference paper), Berlin: 25th Berlin EVA</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Visiting+Georges+Melies%3A+A+Cinematic+World+Lost+And+Found.+A+3D+Model+Of+The+Boulevard+Des+Italiens%2C+Where+Early+Cinema+Emerged&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pub=25th+Berlin+EVA&rft.date=2018-11&rft.aulast=Pfluger&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Chen%2C+Ya-Wen&rft.au=Hasler%2C+Oliver&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F331774015&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRivière-Petitotn.d." class="citation cs2">Rivière-Petitot, Anne (n.d.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141220180406/http://www.camilleclaudel.asso.fr/pageweb/charlesclaudel.html">"L'énigme Charles Claudel (1873-?)"</a>, <i>Association Camille Claudel</i>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.camilleclaudel.asso.fr/pageweb/charlesclaudel.html">the original</a> on 20 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2014</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Association+Camille+Claudel&rft.atitle=L%27%C3%A9nigme+Charles+Claudel+%281873-%3F%29&rft.aulast=Rivi%C3%A8re-Petitot&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.camilleclaudel.asso.fr%2Fpageweb%2Fcharlesclaudel.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert-Houdin1881" class="citation cs2">Robert-Houdin, [Jean-Eugène] (1881), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/TheSecretsOfStageConjuring"><i>The Secrets of Stage Conjuring</i></a>, translated by <a href="/wiki/Professor_Hoffmann" title="Professor Hoffmann">Professor Hoffmann</a> [Angelo Lewis, pseud.], London: George Routledge and Sons</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Secrets+of+Stage+Conjuring&rft.place=London&rft.pub=George+Routledge+and+Sons&rft.date=1881&rft.aulast=Robert-Houdin&rft.aufirst=%5BJean-Eug%C3%A8ne%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FTheSecretsOfStageConjuring&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSolomon2011" class="citation cs2">Solomon, Matthew (2011), "Introduction", in Solomon, Matthew (ed.), <i>Fantastic Voyages of the Cinematic Imagination: Georges Méliès's Trip to the Moon</i>, Albany: State University of New York Press, pp. 1–24, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4384-3581-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4384-3581-7"><bdi>978-1-4384-3581-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Introduction&rft.btitle=Fantastic+Voyages+of+the+Cinematic+Imagination%3A+Georges+M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s%27s+Trip+to+the+Moon&rft.place=Albany&rft.pages=1-24&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-4384-3581-7&rft.aulast=Solomon&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTabet2014" class="citation cs2">Tabet, Frédéric (2014), "Méliès et les artistes magiciens: Éléments de lecture d'une écriture magique virtuose", in Malthête, Jacques; Gaudreault, André; Le Forestier, Laurent (eds.), <i>Méliès, carrefour des attractions; suivi de Correspondances de Georges Méliès (1904-1937)</i>, Rennes: Presses universitaires de Rennes, pp. 87–95</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s+et+les+artistes+magiciens%3A+%C3%89l%C3%A9ments+de+lecture+d%27une+%C3%A9criture+magique+virtuose&rft.btitle=M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s%2C+carrefour+des+attractions%3B+suivi+de+Correspondances+de+Georges+M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s+%281904-1937%29&rft.place=Rennes&rft.pages=87-95&rft.pub=Presses+universitaires+de+Rennes&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Tabet&rft.aufirst=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATh%C3%A9%C3%A2tre+Robert-Houdin" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cinematheque.fr/objet/401.html">Model of the auditorium</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9math%C3%A8que_Fran%C3%A7aise" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinémathèque Française">Cinémathèque Française</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Georges_Méliès" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Georges_M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s" title="Template:Georges Méliès"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Georges_M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s" title="Template talk:Georges Méliès"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Georges_M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Georges Méliès"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Georges_Méliès" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Georges_M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s" title="Georges Méliès">Georges Méliès</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Actualities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_actuality_films_by_Georges_M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s" title="List of actuality films by Georges Méliès">Actualities</a> (1896–1900)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reconstructed_actualities_by_Georges_M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s" title="List of reconstructed actualities by Georges Méliès">Reconstructed actualities</a> (1897–1902)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1896</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Playing_Cards_(film)" title="Playing Cards (film)">Playing Cards</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conjuring_(1896_film)" title="Conjuring (1896 film)">Conjuring</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Watering_the_Flowers" title="Watering the Flowers">Watering the Flowers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rag-Picker" title="The Rag-Picker">The Rag-Picker</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Post_No_Bills_(1896_film)" title="Post No Bills (1896 film)">Post No Bills</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rescue_on_the_River" title="The Rescue on the River">The Rescue on the River</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Terrible_Night" title="A Terrible Night">A Terrible Night</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arrival_of_a_Train_(Joinville_Station)" title="Arrival of a Train (Joinville Station)">Arrival of a Train (Joinville Station)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Lightning_Sketch" title="A Lightning Sketch">A Lightning Sketch</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conjurer_Making_Ten_Hats_in_Sixty_Seconds" title="Conjurer Making Ten Hats in Sixty Seconds">Conjurer Making Ten Hats in Sixty Seconds</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Serpentine_Dance" title="A Serpentine Dance">A Serpentine Dance</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Miss_de_V%C3%A8re_(English_Jig)" title="Miss de Vère (English Jig)">Miss de Vère (English Jig)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Vanishing_Lady" title="The Vanishing Lady">The Vanishing Lady</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Haunted_Castle_(1896_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Haunted Castle (1896 film)">The Haunted Castle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tom_Old_Boot" title="Tom Old Boot">Tom Old Boot</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1897</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Nightmare" title="A Nightmare">A Nightmare</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Comedian_Paulus_Singing" title="Comedian Paulus Singing">Comedian Paulus Singing</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Funny_Mahometan" title="A Funny Mahometan">A Funny Mahometan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Hallucinated_Alchemist" title="An Hallucinated Alchemist">An Hallucinated Alchemist</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Haunted_Castle_(1897_French_film)" title="The Haunted Castle (1897 French film)">The Haunted Castle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Roofs" title="On the Roofs">On the Roofs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/D._Devant,_Conjurer" title="D. Devant, Conjurer">D. Devant, Conjurer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_School_for_Sons-in-law" title="The School for Sons-in-law">The School for Sons-in-law</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Cartridges" title="The Last Cartridges">The Last Cartridges</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Surrender_of_Tournavos" title="The Surrender of Tournavos">The Surrender of Tournavos</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sea_Fighting_in_Greece" title="Sea Fighting in Greece">Sea Fighting in Greece</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gugusse_and_the_Automaton" title="Gugusse and the Automaton">Gugusse and the Automaton</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Between_Calais_and_Dover" title="Between Calais and Dover">Between Calais and Dover</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Laboratory_of_Mephistopheles" title="The Laboratory of Mephistopheles">The Laboratory of Mephistopheles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Barber_and_the_Farmer" title="The Barber and the Farmer">The Barber and the Farmer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bewitched_Inn" title="The Bewitched Inn">The Bewitched Inn</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Private_Dinner" title="A Private Dinner">A Private Dinner</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/After_the_Ball_(1897_film)" title="After the Ball (1897 film)">After the Ball</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Hypnotist_at_Work" title="A Hypnotist at Work">A Hypnotist at Work</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dancing_in_a_Harem" title="Dancing in a Harem">Dancing in a Harem</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1898</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Novice_at_X-Rays" title="A Novice at X-Rays">A Novice at X-Rays</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Divers_at_Work_on_the_Wreck_of_the_%22Maine%22" title="Divers at Work on the Wreck of the "Maine"">Divers at Work on the Wreck of the "Maine"</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Magician_(1898_film)" title="The Magician (1898 film)">The Magician</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Famous_Box_Trick" title="The Famous Box Trick">The Famous Box Trick</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pygmalion_and_Galatea_(film)" title="Pygmalion and Galatea (film)">Pygmalion and Galatea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Adventures_of_William_Tell" title="Adventures of William Tell">Adventures of William Tell</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Astronomer%27s_Dream" title="The Astronomer's Dream">The Astronomer's Dream</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cave_of_the_Demons" title="The Cave of the Demons">The Cave of the Demons</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Four_Troublesome_Heads" title="The Four Troublesome Heads">The Four Troublesome Heads</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Temptation_of_Saint_Anthony_(film)" title="The Temptation of Saint Anthony (film)">The Temptation of Saint Anthony</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1899</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Dinner_Under_Difficulties" title="A Dinner Under Difficulties">A Dinner Under Difficulties</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robbing_Cleopatra%27s_Tomb" title="Robbing Cleopatra's Tomb">Robbing Cleopatra's Tomb</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bridegroom%27s_Dilemma" title="The Bridegroom's Dilemma">The Bridegroom's Dilemma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Up-to-Date_Conjuror" title="An Up-to-Date Conjuror">An Up-to-Date Conjuror</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Devil_in_a_Convent" title="The Devil in a Convent">The Devil in a Convent</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Pillar_of_Fire" title="The Pillar of Fire">The Pillar of Fire</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Clown_and_Automobile" title="The Clown and Automobile">The Clown and Automobile</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Mysterious_Portrait" title="A Mysterious Portrait">A Mysterious Portrait</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christ_Walking_on_the_Water" title="Christ Walking on the Water">Christ Walking on the Water</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Summoning_the_Spirits" title="Summoning the Spirits">Summoning the Spirits</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dreyfus_Affair_(film_series)" title="The Dreyfus Affair (film series)">The Dreyfus Affair</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Human_Pyramid_(1899_film)" title="The Human Pyramid (1899 film)">The Human Pyramid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(1899_film)" title="Cinderella (1899 film)">Cinderella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Snow_Man_(1899_film)" title="The Snow Man (1899 film)">The Snow Man</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mysterious_Knight" title="The Mysterious Knight">The Mysterious Knight</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1900</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Addition_and_Subtraction" title="Addition and Subtraction">Addition and Subtraction</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Miracles_of_the_Brahmin" title="The Miracles of the Brahmin">The Miracles of the Brahmin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cook%27s_Revenge" title="The Cook's Revenge">The Cook's Revenge</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Misfortunes_of_an_Explorer" title="The Misfortunes of an Explorer">The Misfortunes of an Explorer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paris_Exposition,_1900_(film_series)" title="Paris Exposition, 1900 (film series)">Paris Exposition, 1900</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_One-Man_Band" title="The One-Man Band">The One-Man Band</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Arc_(1900_film)" title="Joan of Arc (1900 film)">Joan of Arc</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rajah%27s_Dream" title="The Rajah's Dream">The Rajah's Dream</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Blind_Men" title="The Two Blind Men">The Two Blind Men</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Artist_and_the_Mannikin" title="The Artist and the Mannikin">The Artist and the Mannikin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thanking_the_Audience" title="Thanking the Audience">Thanking the Audience</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Christmas_Dream" title="The Christmas Dream">The Christmas Dream</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crying_and_Laughing" title="Crying and Laughing">Crying and Laughing</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coppelia,_the_Animated_Doll" title="Coppelia, the Animated Doll">Coppelia, the Animated Doll</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fat_and_Lean_Wrestling_Match" title="Fat and Lean Wrestling Match">Fat and Lean Wrestling Match</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Fantastical_Meal" title="A Fantastical Meal">A Fantastical Meal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Going_to_Bed_Under_Difficulties" title="Going to Bed Under Difficulties">Going to Bed Under Difficulties</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Doctor_and_the_Monkey" title="The Doctor and the Monkey">The Doctor and the Monkey</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/What_Is_Home_Without_the_Boarder" title="What Is Home Without the Boarder">What Is Home Without the Boarder</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/China_Versus_Allied_Powers" title="China Versus Allied Powers">China Versus Allied Powers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Brahmin_and_the_Butterfly" title="The Brahmin and the Butterfly">The Brahmin and the Butterfly</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Triple-Headed_Lady" title="The Triple-Headed Lady">The Triple-Headed Lady</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dislocation_Extraordinary" title="Dislocation Extraordinary">Dislocation Extraordinary</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Riding_Hood_(1901_film)" title="Red Riding Hood (1901 film)">Red Riding Hood</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1901</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Magician%27s_Cavern" title="The Magician's Cavern">The Magician's Cavern</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Excelsior!" title="Excelsior!">Excelsior!</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sacred_Fountain" title="The Sacred Fountain">The Sacred Fountain</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blue_Beard_(1901_film)" title="Blue Beard (1901 film)">Blue Beard</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_with_the_Rubber_Head" title="The Man with the Rubber Head">The Man with the Rubber Head</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1902</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Eruption_of_Mount_Pelee" title="The Eruption of Mount Pelee">The Eruption of Mount Pelee</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Catastrophe_of_the_Balloon_%22Le_Pax%22" title="The Catastrophe of the Balloon "Le Pax"">The Catastrophe of the Balloon "Le Pax"</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Trip_to_the_Moon" title="A Trip to the Moon">A Trip to the Moon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shadow-Girl" title="The Shadow-Girl">The Shadow-Girl</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Coronation_of_Edward_VII" title="The Coronation of Edward VII">The Coronation of Edward VII</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Treasures_of_Satan" title="The Treasures of Satan">The Treasures of Satan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Human_Fly_(1902_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Human Fly (1902 film)">The Human Fly</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Up-to-Date_Surgery" title="Up-to-Date Surgery">Up-to-Date Surgery</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gulliver%27s_Travels_Among_the_Lilliputians_and_the_Giants" title="Gulliver's Travels Among the Lilliputians and the Giants">Gulliver's Travels Among the Lilliputians and the Giants</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robinson_Crusoe_(1902_film)" title="Robinson Crusoe (1902 film)">Robinson Crusoe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Marvellous_Wreath" title="The Marvellous Wreath">The Marvellous Wreath</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1903</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Misfortune_Never_Comes_Alone" title="Misfortune Never Comes Alone">Misfortune Never Comes Alone</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Infernal_Cake_Walk" title="The Infernal Cake Walk">The Infernal Cake Walk</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mysterious_Box" title="The Mysterious Box">The Mysterious Box</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Queen%27s_Musketeers" title="The Queen's Musketeers">The Queen's Musketeers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Enchanted_Well" title="The Enchanted Well">The Enchanted Well</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Inn_Where_No_Man_Rests" title="The Inn Where No Man Rests">The Inn Where No Man Rests</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Drawing_Lesson" title="The Drawing Lesson">The Drawing Lesson</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mystical_Flame" title="The Mystical Flame">The Mystical Flame</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Witch%27s_Revenge" title="The Witch's Revenge">The Witch's Revenge</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Oracle_of_Delphi_(film)" title="The Oracle of Delphi (film)">The Oracle of Delphi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Spiritualistic_Photographer" title="A Spiritualistic Photographer">A Spiritualistic Photographer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Melomaniac" title="The Melomaniac">The Melomaniac</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Monster_(1903_film)" title="The Monster (1903 film)">The Monster</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Kingdom_of_the_Fairies" title="The Kingdom of the Fairies">The Kingdom of the Fairies</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Infernal_Cauldron" title="The Infernal Cauldron">The Infernal Cauldron</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Apparition_(1903_film)" title="The Apparition (1903 film)">The Apparition</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jupiter%27s_Thunderbolts" title="Jupiter's Thunderbolts">Jupiter's Thunderbolts</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ten_Ladies_in_One_Umbrella" title="Ten Ladies in One Umbrella">Ten Ladies in One Umbrella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jack_Jaggs_and_Dum_Dum" title="Jack Jaggs and Dum Dum">Jack Jaggs and Dum Dum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bob_Kick,_the_Mischievous_Kid" title="Bob Kick, the Mischievous Kid">Bob Kick, the Mischievous Kid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Extraordinary_Illusions" title="Extraordinary Illusions">Extraordinary Illusions</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alcofrisbas,_the_Master_Magician" title="Alcofrisbas, the Master Magician">Alcofrisbas, the Master Magician</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jack_and_Jim" title="Jack and Jim">Jack and Jim</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_Lantern_(film)" title="The Magic Lantern (film)">The Magic Lantern</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ballet-Master%27s_Dream" title="The Ballet-Master's Dream">The Ballet-Master's Dream</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Damnation_of_Faust_(film)" title="The Damnation of Faust (film)">The Damnation of Faust</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Terrible_Turkish_Executioner" title="The Terrible Turkish Executioner">The Terrible Turkish Executioner</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Moonlight_Serenade" title="A Moonlight Serenade">A Moonlight Serenade</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1904</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tit_for_Tat_(1904_film)" title="Tit for Tat (1904 film)">Tit for Tat</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Wager_Between_Two_Magicians,_or_Jealous_of_Myself" title="A Wager Between Two Magicians, or Jealous of Myself">A Wager Between Two Magicians, or Jealous of Myself</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Every_Man_His_Own_Cigar_Lighter" title="Every Man His Own Cigar Lighter">Every Man His Own Cigar Lighter</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bewitched_Trunk" title="The Bewitched Trunk">The Bewitched Trunk</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fugitive_Apparitions" title="The Fugitive Apparitions">The Fugitive Apparitions</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Untamable_Whiskers" title="The Untamable Whiskers">The Untamable Whiskers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Clockmaker%27s_Dream" title="The Clockmaker's Dream">The Clockmaker's Dream</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Imperceptible_Transmutations" title="The Imperceptible Transmutations">The Imperceptible Transmutations</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Miracle_Under_the_Inquisition" title="A Miracle Under the Inquisition">A Miracle Under the Inquisition</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Faust_and_Marguerite_(1904_film)" title="Faust and Marguerite (1904 film)">Faust and Marguerite</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tchin-Chao,_the_Chinese_Conjurer" title="Tchin-Chao, the Chinese Conjurer">Tchin-Chao, the Chinese Conjurer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Living_Fan" title="The Wonderful Living Fan">The Wonderful Living Fan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cook_in_Trouble" title="The Cook in Trouble">The Cook in Trouble</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mermaid_(1904_film)" title="The Mermaid (1904 film)">The Mermaid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Providence_of_the_Waves" title="The Providence of the Waves">The Providence of the Waves</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Barber_of_Seville_(1904_film)" title="The Barber of Seville (1904 film)">The Barber of Seville</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Rose-Tree" title="The Wonderful Rose-Tree">The Wonderful Rose-Tree</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Impossible_Voyage" title="The Impossible Voyage">The Impossible Voyage</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Firefall" title="The Firefall">The Firefall</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Christmas_Angel" title="The Christmas Angel">The Christmas Angel</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1905</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Living_Playing_Cards" title="The Living Playing Cards">The Living Playing Cards</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Black_Imp" title="The Black Imp">The Black Imp</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Crystal_Casket" title="The Crystal Casket">The Crystal Casket</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lilliputian_Minuet" title="The Lilliputian Minuet">The Lilliputian Minuet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Mesmerian_Experiment" title="A Mesmerian Experiment">A Mesmerian Experiment</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Venetian_Looking-Glass" title="The Venetian Looking-Glass">The Venetian Looking-Glass</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Palace_of_the_Arabian_Nights" title="The Palace of the Arabian Nights">The Palace of the Arabian Nights</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tower_of_London_(1905_film)" title="The Tower of London (1905 film)">The Tower of London</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Enchanted_Sedan_Chair" title="The Enchanted Sedan Chair">The Enchanted Sedan Chair</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Adventurous_Automobile_Trip" title="An Adventurous Automobile Trip">An Adventurous Automobile Trip</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mysterious_Island_(1905_film)" title="The Mysterious Island (1905 film)">The Mysterious Island</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Unexpected_Fireworks" title="Unexpected Fireworks">Unexpected Fireworks</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rip%27s_Dream" title="Rip's Dream">Rip's Dream</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Scheming_Gambler%27s_Paradise" title="The Scheming Gambler's Paradise">The Scheming Gambler's Paradise</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Inventor_Crazybrains_and_His_Wonderful_Airship" title="The Inventor Crazybrains and His Wonderful Airship">The Inventor Crazybrains and His Wonderful Airship</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1906</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Mix-up_in_the_Gallery" title="A Mix-up in the Gallery">A Mix-up in the Gallery</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Chimney_Sweep_(film)" title="The Chimney Sweep (film)">The Chimney Sweep</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tramp_and_the_Mattress_Makers" title="The Tramp and the Mattress Makers">The Tramp and the Mattress Makers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hilarious_Posters" title="The Hilarious Posters">The Hilarious Posters</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Desperate_Crime" title="A Desperate Crime">A Desperate Crime</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Punch_and_Judy_(film)" title="Punch and Judy (film)">Punch and Judy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Roadside_Inn" title="A Roadside Inn">A Roadside Inn</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Soap_Bubbles_(film)" title="Soap Bubbles (film)">Soap Bubbles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Merry_Frolics_of_Satan" title="The Merry Frolics of Satan">The Merry Frolics of Satan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Seaside_Flirtation" title="A Seaside Flirtation">A Seaside Flirtation</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mysterious_Retort" title="The Mysterious Retort">The Mysterious Retort</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Witch_(1906_film)" title="The Witch (1906 film)">The Witch</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robert_Macaire_and_Bertrand" title="Robert Macaire and Bertrand">Robert Macaire and Bertrand</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1907</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rogues%27_Tricks" title="Rogues' Tricks">Rogues' Tricks</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Under_the_Seas" title="Under the Seas">Under the Seas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/How_Bridget%27s_Lover_Escaped" title="How Bridget's Lover Escaped">How Bridget's Lover Escaped</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tunnelling_the_English_Channel" title="Tunnelling the English Channel">Tunnelling the English Channel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Eclipse,_or_the_Courtship_of_the_Sun_and_Moon" title="The Eclipse, or the Courtship of the Sun and Moon">The Eclipse, or the Courtship of the Sun and Moon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1907_film)" title="Hamlet (1907 film)">Hamlet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_Writing_%22Julius_Caesar%22" title="Shakespeare Writing "Julius Caesar"">Shakespeare Writing "Julius Caesar"</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sightseeing_Through_Whisky" title="Sightseeing Through Whisky">Sightseeing Through Whisky</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Good_Glue_Sticks" title="Good Glue Sticks">Good Glue Sticks</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Satan_in_Prison" title="Satan in Prison">Satan in Prison</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Delirium_in_a_Studio" title="Delirium in a Studio">Delirium in a Studio</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Knight_of_Black_Art" title="The Knight of Black Art">The Knight of Black Art</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Good_Luck_of_a_%22Souse%22" title="The Good Luck of a "Souse"">The Good Luck of a "Souse"</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1908</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Humanity_Through_the_Ages" title="Humanity Through the Ages">Humanity Through the Ages</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Genii_of_Fire" title="The Genii of Fire">The Genii of Fire</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Why_That_Actor_Was_Late" title="Why That Actor Was Late">Why That Actor Was Late</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dream_of_an_Opium_Fiend" title="The Dream of an Opium Fiend">The Dream of an Opium Fiend</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Long_Distance_Wireless_Photography" title="Long Distance Wireless Photography">Long Distance Wireless Photography</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Prophetess_of_Thebes" title="The Prophetess of Thebes">The Prophetess of Thebes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_the_Barber_Shop" title="In the Barber Shop">In the Barber Shop</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Fake_Diamond_Swindler" title="A Fake Diamond Swindler">A Fake Diamond Swindler</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Lord_of_the_Village" title="The New Lord of the Village">The New Lord of the Village</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Miser_(1908_film)" title="The Miser (1908 film)">The Miser</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sideshow_Wrestlers" title="Sideshow Wrestlers">Sideshow Wrestlers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Broken_Violin_(1908_film)" title="The Broken Violin (1908 film)">The Broken Violin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Love_Tragedy_in_Spain" title="A Love Tragedy in Spain">A Love Tragedy in Spain</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mishaps_of_the_New_York%E2%80%93Paris_Race" title="Mishaps of the New York–Paris Race">Mishaps of the New York–Paris Race</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Woes_of_Roller_Skaters" title="The Woes of Roller Skaters">The Woes of Roller Skaters</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Love_and_Molasses" title="Love and Molasses">Love and Molasses</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mischances_of_a_Photographer" title="The Mischances of a Photographer">The Mischances of a Photographer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Indian_Sorcerer" title="The Indian Sorcerer">The Indian Sorcerer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Tricky_Painter%27s_Fate" title="A Tricky Painter's Fate">A Tricky Painter's Fate</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/French_Cops_Learning_English" title="French Cops Learning English">French Cops Learning English</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fun_With_the_Bridal_Party" title="Fun With the Bridal Party">Fun With the Bridal Party</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Not_Guilty_(1908_film)" title="Not Guilty (1908 film)">Not Guilty</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Buncoed_Stage_Johnnie" title="Buncoed Stage Johnnie">Buncoed Stage Johnnie</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Grandmother%27s_Story" title="A Grandmother's Story">A Grandmother's Story</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Helping_Hand_(1908_French_film)" title="The Helping Hand (1908 French film)">The Helping Hand</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Old_Footlight_Favorite" title="The Old Footlight Favorite">The Old Footlight Favorite</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Honeymoon_in_a_Balloon" title="Honeymoon in a Balloon">Honeymoon in a Balloon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Duke%27s_Good_Joke" title="The Duke's Good Joke">The Duke's Good Joke</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Incident_from_Don_Quixote" title="Incident from Don Quixote">Incident from Don Quixote</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fairy_Dragonfly" title="The Fairy Dragonfly">The Fairy Dragonfly</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moiti%C3%A9_de_polka" title="Moitié de polka">Moitié de polka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fortune_Favors_the_Brave_(film)" title="Fortune Favors the Brave (film)">Fortune Favors the Brave</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hypnotist%27s_Revenge" title="Hypnotist's Revenge">Hypnotist's Revenge</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_Hallucinations" title="Pharmaceutical Hallucinations">Pharmaceutical Hallucinations</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Good_Shepherdess_and_the_Evil_Princess" title="The Good Shepherdess and the Evil Princess">The Good Shepherdess and the Evil Princess</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Living_Doll" title="The Living Doll">The Living Doll</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seein%27_Things_(1908_film)" title="Seein' Things (1908 film)">Seein' Things</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Frozen_Policeman" title="The Frozen Policeman">The Frozen Policeman</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tribulation_or_the_Misfortunes_of_a_Cobbler" title="Tribulation or the Misfortunes of a Cobbler">Tribulation or the Misfortunes of a Cobbler</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1909</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Doctor%27s_Secret_(1909_film)" title="The Doctor's Secret (1909 film)">The Doctor's Secret</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Diabolic_Tenant" title="The Diabolic Tenant">The Diabolic Tenant</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Whimsical_Illusions" title="Whimsical Illusions">Whimsical Illusions</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Mediums" title="King of the Mediums">King of the Mediums</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Spider_and_the_Butterfly" title="The Spider and the Butterfly">The Spider and the Butterfly</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1911</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Baron_Munchausen%27s_Dream" title="Baron Munchausen's Dream">Baron Munchausen's Dream</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Diabolical_Church_Window" title="The Diabolical Church Window">The Diabolical Church Window</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1912</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Conquest_of_the_Pole" title="The Conquest of the Pole">The Conquest of the Pole</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_or_the_Glass_Slipper" title="Cinderella or the Glass Slipper">Cinderella or the Glass Slipper</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Knight_of_the_Snows" title="The Knight of the Snows">The Knight of the Snows</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Voyage_of_the_Bourrichon_Family" title="The Voyage of the Bourrichon Family">The Voyage of the Bourrichon Family</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jehanne_d%27Alcy" title="Jehanne d'Alcy">Jehanne d'Alcy</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaston_M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s" title="Gaston Méliès">Gaston Méliès</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s_in_culture" title="Georges Méliès in culture">Georges Méliès in culture</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Grand_M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s" title="Le Grand Méliès">Le Grand Méliès</a></i> (1952 documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Around_the_World_in_80_Days_(1956_film)" title="Around the World in 80 Days (1956 film)">Around the World in 80 Days</a></i> (1956 film prologue)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Invention_of_Hugo_Cabret" title="The Invention of Hugo Cabret">The Invention of Hugo Cabret</a></i> (2007 book)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hugo_(film)" title="Hugo (film)">Hugo</a></i> (2011 film)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Théâtre Robert-Houdin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Georges_M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s_filmography" title="Georges Méliès filmography">Filmography</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_works_on_Georges_M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s" title="Bibliography of works on Georges Méliès">Bibliography</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Georges_M%C3%A9li%C3%A8s" title="Category:Georges Méliès">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> <span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&params=48.8719_N_2.3386_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°52′19″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°20′19″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">48.8719°N 2.3386°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.8719; 2.3386</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Théâtre_Robert-Houdin&oldid=1258627341">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Théâtre_Robert-Houdin&oldid=1258627341</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_theatres_in_Paris" title="Category:Former theatres in Paris">Former theatres in Paris</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cinemas_in_Paris" title="Category:Cinemas in Paris">Cinemas in Paris</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Magic_shows" title="Category:Magic shows">Magic shows</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1845_establishments_in_France" title="Category:1845 establishments in France">1845 establishments in France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1924_disestablishments_in_France" title="Category:1924 disestablishments in France">1924 disestablishments in France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_in_the_9th_arrondissement_of_Paris" title="Category:Buildings and structures in the 9th arrondissement of Paris">Buildings and structures in the 9th arrondissement of Paris</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Demolished_buildings_and_structures_in_Paris" title="Category:Demolished buildings and structures in Paris">Demolished buildings and structures in Paris</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_demolished_in_1924" title="Category:Buildings and structures demolished in 1924">Buildings and structures demolished in 1924</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_cinemas" title="Category:Former cinemas">Former cinemas</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 20 November 2024, at 19:13<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-786bbdd457-tz6gc","wgBackendResponseTime":120,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.664","walltime":"0.818","ppvisitednodes":{"value":6478,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":126228,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":8020,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":10,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":1,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":86141,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 657.237 1 -total"," 31.84% 209.253 82 Template:Sfn"," 26.30% 172.852 18 Template:Citation"," 16.35% 107.469 2 Template:Navbox"," 15.96% 104.868 1 Template:Georges_Méliès"," 12.40% 81.529 1 Template:Short_description"," 6.40% 42.072 2 Template:Pagetype"," 6.23% 40.946 88 Template:Main_other"," 4.23% 27.792 2 Template:Reflist"," 3.99% 26.211 1 Template:Coord"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.402","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6554232,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAnonymous1903\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAnonymous2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBarnier2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChristopherChristopher1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEssai1981\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEvans1909\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFrazer1979\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGaudreault2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGuido2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHoudini1908\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKesslerLenk1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMalthêteMannoni2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMalthêteMannoni2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPflugerChenHasler2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRivière-Petitotn.d.\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRobert-Houdin1881\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSolomon2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTabet2014\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Blockquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation\"] = 18,\n [\"Coord\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 1,\n [\"Georges Méliès\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvid\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 82,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-d948c7fb8-fdq77","timestamp":"20241206075202","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Th\u00e9\u00e2tre Robert-Houdin","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Robert-Houdin","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q104858332","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q104858332","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2020-09-22T14:01:05Z","dateModified":"2024-11-20T19:13:52Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/43\/Devils_castle_poster.jpg","headline":"paris theatre"}</script> </body> </html>