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class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_no.wikipedia.org&uselang=nb" class=""><span>Doner</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Jazz" title="Du oppfordres til å opprette en konto og logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk" class=""><span>Opprett konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Jazz" title="Du oppfordres til å logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk [o]" 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data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Til toppen)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etymologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etymologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Historie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Historie</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1900-årene" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1900-årene"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>1900-årene</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1900-årene-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1910-årene" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1910-årene"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>1910-årene</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1910-årene-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1920-årene" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1920-årene"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>1920-årene</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1920-årene-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1930-årene" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1930-årene"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>1930-årene</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1930-årene-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1940-årene" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1940-årene"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>1940-årene</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1940-årene-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1950-årene" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1950-årene"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>1950-årene</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1950-årene-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1960-årene" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1960-årene"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>1960-årene</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1960-årene-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1970-årene" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1970-årene"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>1970-årene</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1970-årene-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1980-årene" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1980-årene"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.9</span> <span>1980-årene</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1980-årene-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1990-årene" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1990-årene"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.10</span> <span>1990-årene</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1990-årene-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000-årene" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000-årene"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.11</span> <span>2000-årene</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000-årene-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viktige_begrep" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viktige_begrep"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Viktige begrep</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viktige_begrep-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referanser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referanser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referanser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referanser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litteratur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litteratur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Litteratur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litteratur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_lenker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_lenker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Eksterne lenker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_lenker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Jazz</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 146 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-146" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">146 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – norsk nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norsk nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="lovende artikkel"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – færøysk" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="færøysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djass" title="Djass – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Djass" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – sveitsertysk" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="sveitsertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%A6ssdr%C4%93am" title="Iæssdrēam – gammelengelsk" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Iæssdrēam" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="gammelengelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Аџьаз – abkhasisk" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Аџьаз" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhasisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="جاز – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جاز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – aragonsk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A4" title="জ্যাজ সংগীত – assamesisk" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="জ্যাজ সংগীত" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caz" title="Caz – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Caz" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="جاز – søraserbajdsjansk" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جاز" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="søraserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C" title="জ্যাজ – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জ্যাজ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Джаз – basjkirsk" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Джаз" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkirsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Джаз – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джаз" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Джаз – belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Джаз" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Джаз – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Джаз" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – bairisk" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bairisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEez" title="Džez – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Džez" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BE%C3%A4ss" title="Džäss – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Džäss" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%B6" title="Τζαζ – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τζαζ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B4azo" title="Ĵazo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĵazo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="جاز – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جاز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – fijiansk hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="fijiansk hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – vestfrisisk" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vestfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musiche_jazz" title="Musiche jazz – friuliansk" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Musiche jazz" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friuliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snagcheol" title="Snagcheol – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Snagcheol" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – skotsk-gælisk" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk-gælisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%88%B5%E5%A3%AB%E6%A8%82" title="爵士樂 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="爵士樂" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%AC%EC%A6%88" title="재즈 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="재즈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%A1%D5%A6" title="Ջազ – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջազ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4" title="जैज़ संगीत – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जैज़ संगीत" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazo" title="Jazo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Jazo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musik_jaz" title="Musik jaz – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Musik jaz" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%90%D7%96" title="ג'אז – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'אז" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – javanesisk" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9D%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A4" title="ಜಾಝ್ ಸಂಗೀತ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜಾಝ್ ಸಂಗೀತ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%98" title="ჯაზი – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯაზი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Джаз – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Джаз" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – kornisk" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djaz" title="Djaz – haitisk" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Djaz" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – franskguyansk kreol" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="franskguyansk kreol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cez" title="Cez – kurdisk" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Cez" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%B7_(%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Жаз (музыка) – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Жаз (музыка)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Джаз – vestmarisk" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Джаз" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="vestmarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEezs" title="Džezs – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Džezs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – luxemburgsk" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEiazas" title="Džiazas – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Džiazas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – ligurisk" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligurisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – limburgsk" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaz" title="Jaz – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Jaz" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – livvisk" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="livvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/zgirjazu" title="zgirjazu – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="zgirjazu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – lombardisk" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzsessz" title="Dzsessz – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dzsessz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Џез – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Џез" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ജാസ് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജാസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="جاز – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جاز" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaz" title="Jaz – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Jaz" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D1%85%D3%A9%D0%B3%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Жааз хөгжим – mongolsk" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Жааз хөгжим" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%90" title="ဂျက်စ်ဂီတ – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂျက်စ်ဂီတ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – fijiansk" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fijiansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – nedersaksisk" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="nedersaksisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D" title="ज्याज् – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="ज्याज्" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%82%BA" title="ジャズ – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジャズ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – nordfrisisk" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – oksitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaz" title="Jaz – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Jaz" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC" title="ਜੈਜ਼ – panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜੈਜ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – palatintysk" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="palatintysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="جاز – vestpunjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جاز" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="vestpunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8E%D8%B2" title="جَز – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="جَز" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaz" title="Jaz – jamaicansk kreolengelsk" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Jaz" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="jamaicansk kreolengelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djazz" title="Djazz – pikardisk" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Djazz" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="pikardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – nedertysk" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="nedertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caz" title="Caz – krimtatarisk" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Caz" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krimtatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – retoromansk" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="retoromansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Джез – rusinsk" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Джез" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Джаз – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Джаз" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Дьаз – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Дьаз" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – sardisk" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – saterfrisisk" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – siciliansk" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEez" title="Džez – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Džez" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BCez" title="Dżez – schlesisk" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Dżez" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="schlesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="جاز – sentralkurdisk" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="جاز" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sentralkurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Џез – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џез" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – sundanesisk" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9C%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D" title="ஜாஸ் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஜாஸ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Джаз – tatarisk" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Джаз" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%8D" title="జాజ్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జాజ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%8A%E0%B8%AA" title="แจ๊ส – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แจ๊ส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caz" title="Caz – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Caz" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Джаз – tuvinsk" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Джаз" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Джаз – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джаз" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="جاز – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جاز" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEaz" title="Džaz – vepsisk" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Džaz" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepsisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ts%C3%A4ss" title="Tsäss – sørestisk" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Tsäss" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="sørestisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – waray-waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray-waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%88%B5%E5%A3%AB%E4%B9%90" title="爵士乐 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="爵士乐" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%96%D7%A9%D7%A2%D7%96" title="דזשעז – jiddisk" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="דזשעז" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Jazz" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%88%B5%E5%A3%AB%E6%A8%82" title="爵士樂 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="爵士樂" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caz" title="Caz – dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Caz" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BE%C4%93zos" title="Džēzos – samogitisk" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Džēzos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%88%B5%E5%A3%AB%E4%B9%90" title="爵士乐 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="爵士乐" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Caz" title="Čaz – talysj" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Čaz" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talysj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8341#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Jazz" rel="discussion" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bytt språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">norsk bokmål</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visninger"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Jazz"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=history" title="Tidligere sideversjoner av denne siden [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktøy" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktøy</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktøy</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Flere alternativer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handlinger </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Jazz"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=history"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generelt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Lenker_hit/Jazz" title="Liste over alle wikisider som lenker hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lenker hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Relaterte_endringer/Jazz" rel="nofollow" title="Siste endringer i sider som blir lenket fra denne siden [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterte endringer</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=no" title="Last opp filer [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Last opp fil</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Spesialsider" title="Liste over alle spesialsider [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesialsider</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a 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dir="ltr"><div class="hatnote dablink noexcerpt">«Jazz» har <a href="/wiki/Jazz_(andre_betydninger)" class="mw-disambig" title="Jazz (andre betydninger)">flere betydninger</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Louis_Armstrong_restored.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Louis_Armstrong_restored.jpg/250px-Louis_Armstrong_restored.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Louis_Armstrong_restored.jpg/375px-Louis_Armstrong_restored.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Louis_Armstrong_restored.jpg/500px-Louis_Armstrong_restored.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3738" data-file-height="2912" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Louis_Armstrong" title="Louis Armstrong">Louis Armstrong</a> (1901–1971) er betraktet som en av de sentrale musikerne i jazzen for hans bidrag som trompetist, komponist og sanger.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Jazz</b> er en musikksjanger. </p><p>Den har sin opprinnelse i <a href="/wiki/Afroamerikanere" class="mw-redirect" title="Afroamerikanere">afroamerikanske</a> samfunn i <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a>, <a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">USA</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> på slutten av <a href="/wiki/1800-tallet" class="mw-redirect" title="1800-tallet">1800-tallet</a> og begynnelsen av <a href="/wiki/1900-tallet" class="mw-redirect" title="1900-tallet">1900-tallet</a>. Jazzen utviklet seg fra røtter i <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">blues</a> og <a href="/wiki/Ragtime" title="Ragtime">ragtime</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Siden <a href="/wiki/1920-%C3%A5rene" title="1920-årene">1920-årenes</a> jazztidsalder har jazz blitt anerkjent som en betydningsfull musikalsk uttrykksform. Den sto da fram som uavhengig av tradisjonelle og populære musikkstiler, og alle jazzens ulike varianter var alle knyttet til de felles bånd med <a href="/wiki/Afroamerikanere" class="mw-redirect" title="Afroamerikanere">afroamerikansk</a> og europeisk-amerikansk opphav i framføringen.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jazz er karakterisert av <a href="/wiki/Swingnote" class="mw-redirect" title="Swingnote">swing-</a> og <a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%A5tone" title="Blåtone">blåtone</a>, vokaler innenfor <i>call and response</i> («rop og svar»), og <a href="/wiki/Polyrytme" title="Polyrytme">polyrytmer</a> (to eller flere uavhengige rytmer spilt samtidig) og <a href="/wiki/Improvisasjon" title="Improvisasjon">improvisasjon</a>. Jazz har dype røtter i <a href="/wiki/Afrikansk_musikk" title="Afrikansk musikk">vestafrikansk kulturelle og musikalske uttrykk</a> og i afroamerikansk musikktradisjoner, inkludert <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">blues</a> og <a href="/wiki/Ragtime" title="Ragtime">ragtime</a>, men også europeisk musikk fra militærband og orkestre.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Selv om jazzens fundament har dype røtter innen afroamerikanske erfaring i USA, har ulike kulturer bidratt med deres egen erfaring og stiler til kunstformen, foruten også intellektuelle verden over som har hyllet jazz som «den eneste sanne kunstform som har kommet fra Amerika».<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De første norske jazzband ble dannet rundt 1920. </p> <dl><dd><i>Se <a href="/wiki/Jazz_i_Norge" title="Jazz i Norge">Jazz i Norge</a></i></dd></dl> <p>Etter hvert som jazzen spredte seg ut av USA og til resten av verden ble preget av ulike nasjonale, regionale og lokale musikktradisjoner, noe som ga opphav til mange særskilte stiler. <a href="/wiki/Dixieland" title="Dixieland">New Orleans-jazz</a>, også kalt for <a href="/wiki/Dixieland" title="Dixieland">Dixieland</a>, begynte tidlig i <a href="/wiki/1910-%C3%A5rene" title="1910-årene">1910-årene</a> og kombinerte marsjer fra eldre <a href="/wiki/Brassband" title="Brassband">brassband</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">franske</a> <a href="/wiki/Kvadrilje" title="Kvadrilje">kvadriljer</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biguine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biguine (ikke skrevet ennå)">biguine</a>, ragtime og blues med kollektive <a href="/wiki/Polyfoni" title="Polyfoni">polyfonisk</a> <a href="/wiki/Improvisasjon" title="Improvisasjon">improvisasjon</a>. I <a href="/wiki/1930-%C3%A5rene" title="1930-årene">1930-årene</a> førte tungt arrangerte danseorientert storbandswing til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kansas_City-jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kansas City-jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Kansas City-jazz</a>, en hardsvingende, bluesaktig, improviserende stil, og <a href="/wiki/Gypsy-jazz" title="Gypsy-jazz">gypsy-jazz</a>, en stil som framhevet <a href="/wiki/Musette_(musikk)" title="Musette (musikk)">musettevals</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bebop" title="Bebop">Bebop</a> utviklet seg i <a href="/wiki/1940-%C3%A5rene" title="1940-årene">1940-årene</a>, noe som endret jazz fra en dansbar populærmusikk mot en mer utfordrende «musikernes musikk» som ble spilt med et raskere tempo og benyttet mer akkordbasert improvisasjon. <a href="/wiki/Cool_jazz" title="Cool jazz">Cool jazz</a> utviklet seg mot slutten av 1940-årene, og innførte en roligere, mer polert lyd og lange, lineære melodilinjer. </p><p>I <a href="/wiki/1950-%C3%A5rene" title="1950-årene">1950-årene</a> oppsto <a href="/wiki/Frijazz" title="Frijazz">frijazz</a> som utforsket spilling uten fast beat og formelle strukturer, og karakteriseres generelt ved minimal avhengighet av formelle grenser. På midten av 1950-årene kom <a href="/wiki/Hard_bop" title="Hard bop">hard bop</a> som innførte innflytelse fra <a href="/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues" title="Rhythm and blues">rhythm and blues</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gospel" class="mw-redirect" title="Gospel">gospel</a>, og <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">blues</a>, særskilt i <a href="/wiki/Saksofon" title="Saksofon">saksofon</a>- og <a href="/wiki/Piano" title="Piano">pianospillingen</a>. <a href="/wiki/Modal_jazz" class="mw-redirect" title="Modal jazz">Modal jazz</a> utviklet seg på slutten av 1950-årene og benyttet <a href="/wiki/Modal_skala" title="Modal skala">modal skala</a> som grunnlag for musikalsk struktur og improvisasjon. <a href="/wiki/Jazz-fusion" title="Jazz-fusion">Jazz-fusion</a>, en form for <a href="/wiki/Jazz-rock" class="mw-redirect" title="Jazz-rock">jazz-rock</a>, oppsto på slutten av <a href="/wiki/1960-%C3%A5rene" title="1960-årene">1960-årene</a> og tidlig i <a href="/wiki/1970-%C3%A5rene" title="1970-årene">1970-årene</a>, og kombinerte jazzimprovisasjon med <a href="/wiki/Rock" title="Rock">rockmusikkens</a> rytmer, elektriske instrumenter, og høy lyd fra forsterkere. Tidlig i <a href="/wiki/1980-%C3%A5rene" title="1980-årene">1980-årene</a> ble kommersiell form for jazz-fusion utviklet og som ble karakterisert som <a href="/wiki/Smooth_jazz" title="Smooth jazz">smooth jazz</a>. Den ble suksessfull i henhold til spilling på <a href="/wiki/Radio" title="Radio">radio</a>. Andre stiler og sjangre rundt <a href="/wiki/2000-%C3%A5rene" title="2000-årene">2000-årene</a> var <a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin_jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Latin jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">latin jazz</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Afro-kubansk_jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afro-kubansk jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">afro-kubansk jazz</a> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymologi">Etymologi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Etymologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Etymologi"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Spørsmålet om opprinnelsen til ordet «jazz» har ført til betydelige undersøkelser, og dens historie er godt dokumentert. Det er antatt at det er beslektet med <i>jasm</i>, et <a href="/wiki/Slang" title="Slang">slangbegrep</a> datert tilbake til <a href="/wiki/1860" title="1860">1860</a> i betydningen «pepp, driv, energi».<sup id="cite_ref-Wilton_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilton-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Den antagelige opprinnelsen er til sist fra <a href="/wiki/Kreolspr%C3%A5k" title="Kreolspråk">kreolspråk</a> i <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a> i form av <i>patois jass</i> i betydningen «anstrengende aktivitet», særskilt i form av «seksuell aktivitet», men er også benyttet i <a href="/wiki/Conga" title="Conga">congadans</a> som <i>jasm</i> (1860), «energi, driv», som er av afrikansk opprinnelse (sammenlign <a href="/wiki/Mandinka" title="Mandinka">mandinka</a> <i>jasi</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tamne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tamne (ikke skrevet ennå)">tamne</a> <i>yas</i>), også opphavet til slangordet <i>jism</i>, «sæd».<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den eldste skriftlige nedtegnelsen av ordet er i en artikkel fra <a href="/wiki/1912" title="1912">1912</a> i <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i> hvor en kaster i <a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">baseball</a> beskrev et kast som han betegnet som en <i>jazzball</i> «ettersom den vingler og kan rett og slett ikke gjøre noe med den.»<sup id="cite_ref-Wilton_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilton-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> «Jazz» benyttes også i andre sammenhenger, eksempelvis som «vrøvl, unødvendig prat» som er dokumentert fra <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a>. Slangbegrepet <i>all that jazz</i> i betydningen «<a href="/wiki/Et_cetera" title="Et cetera">et cetera</a>» eller «alt det der», er først gang dokumentert i <a href="/wiki/1939" title="1939">1939</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bruken av begrepet «jazz» i en musikalsk sammen er dokumentert så tidlig som <a href="/wiki/1915" title="1915">1915</a> i <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Daily Tribune</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Den første dokumenterte bruken i en musikalsk sammenheng i <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a> var i en artikkel i <i>Times-Picayune</i> den 14. november 1916 om «jas bands».<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I et intervju med NPR, tilbød musikeren Eubie Blake sin samling av opprinnelige slangkonnotasjoner av begrepet, og uttalte «Da Broadway plukket det opp, kalte de det 'J-A-Z-Z'. Det var ikke kalt for det. Det var stavet 'J-A-S-S'. Det var grovt, og om du visste hva det var, ville du ikke si det høyt foran kvinner.»<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jazz har vist seg meget vanskelig å definere ettersom det utgjør en bred rekke av musikk som strekker seg over en tidsepoke på over hundre år, fra ragtime til 2010-årenes jazz-rock. Forsøk på å definere jazz fra et musikalsk perspektiv sett opp mot andre musikalske tradisjoner, slik europeisk musikkhistorie, eller afrikansk musikk, men musikkritikeren Joachim-Ernst Berendt har argumentert at dets referansebegreper og dets definisjon bør være bredere,<sup id="cite_ref-Berendt_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berendt-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> og definerer jazz som en «form for kunstmusikk som har sin opprinnelse i USA via konfrontasjonen afroamerikansk med europeisk musikk»<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> og argumenterer for at det skiller seg fra europeisk musikk ved at jazz har et «særskilt forhold til tid definert som ’swing’», involverer «en musikalsk produksjon av spontanitet og vitalitet hvor improvisasjon spiller en rolle».<sup id="cite_ref-Berendt_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berendt-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I henhold til musikkjournalisten <a href="/wiki/Robert_Christgau" title="Robert Christgau">Robert Christgau</a>, «de fleste av oss vil si at å oppfinne mening mens man gir slippe på jazzens essens og håp.»<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Historie"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Bolden_band.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Bolden_band.gif/250px-Bolden_band.gif" decoding="async" width="250" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Bolden_band.gif/375px-Bolden_band.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Bolden_band.gif/500px-Bolden_band.gif 2x" data-file-width="590" data-file-height="399" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Bolden" title="Buddy Bolden">Buddy Boldens</a> band (1905) fra <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:ODJBcard.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/ODJBcard.JPG/250px-ODJBcard.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/ODJBcard.JPG/375px-ODJBcard.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/ODJBcard.JPG/500px-ODJBcard.JPG 2x" data-file-width="545" data-file-height="335" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Original_Dixieland_Jass_Band" title="Original Dixieland Jass Band">Original Dixieland Jass Band</a> ga ut jazzens første plate (1917).</figcaption></figure> <p>Jazzen oppsto i <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8rstatene" title="Sørstatene">sørstatene</a> i <a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">USA</a> på begynnelsen av <a href="/wiki/1900-tallet" class="mw-redirect" title="1900-tallet">1900-tallet</a>, der <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">afrikanske</a> og <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">europeiske</a> musikktradisjoner møtte hverandre. Jazzens røtter ligger på den ene side i <a href="/wiki/Afroamerikanere" class="mw-redirect" title="Afroamerikanere">afroamerikanske</a> musikktradisjoner som <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">blues</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ragtime" title="Ragtime">ragtime</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spirituals" title="Spirituals">spirituals</a> og arbeidersanger, og på den annen side i forskjellig slags musikk som europeiske <a href="/wiki/Innvandrer" class="mw-redirect" title="Innvandrer">innvandrere</a> hadde tatt med seg hjemmefra, slik som regional <a href="/wiki/Folkemusikk" title="Folkemusikk">folkemusikk</a> og <a href="/wiki/Milit%C3%A6rmusikk" class="mw-redirect" title="Militærmusikk">militærmusikk</a>. Ut av dette oppsto det en rekke nye musikalske uttrykksformer, først i <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a>, senere i <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> og andre storbyer i USA der det fantes en stor andel av afroamerikanere. </p><p>Jazzen fikk et særskilt oppsving fra <a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a>, da <a href="/wiki/Grammofonplate" title="Grammofonplate">grammofonplaten</a> ble oppfunnet. Den første ble produsert i <a href="/wiki/New_York" title="New York">New York</a> med <a href="/wiki/Original_Dixieland_Jass_Band" title="Original Dixieland Jass Band">Original Dixieland Jass Band</a>. </p><p>Kronologien som følger skal ikke å forstås som epoker som har avløst hverandre. Man sluttet ikke å produsere musikk i én <a href="/wiki/Sjanger" title="Sjanger">sjanger</a> selv om den neste kom. Årstallene er bare til tilnærmet orientering, eksemplifisert ved musikere og artister. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1900-årene"><span id="1900-.C3.A5rene"></span>1900-årene</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: 1900-årene" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1900-årene"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>På begynnelsen av 1900-årene hadde man musikksjangere som <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">blues</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ragtime" title="Ragtime">ragtime</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spirituals" title="Spirituals">spirituals</a> og arbeidersanger. Ingen av disse er jazz, men musikkretninger som dannet grunnlaget for at jazzen skulle oppstå. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1910-årene"><span id="1910-.C3.A5rene"></span>1910-årene</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: 1910-årene" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1910-årene"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Da <a href="/wiki/Improvisasjon" title="Improvisasjon">improvisasjon</a> ble innført som et element i musikken til marsj-, salong- og ragtimebandene i New Orleans, oppsto uttrykket <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans-jazz" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="New Orleans-jazz">New Orleans-jazz</a>, med kjente navn som <a href="/wiki/Buddy_Bolden" title="Buddy Bolden">Buddy Bolden</a>, senere <a href="/wiki/King_Oliver" title="King Oliver">King Oliver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Armstrong" title="Louis Armstrong">Louis Armstrong</a> og <a href="/wiki/Jelly_Roll_Morton" title="Jelly Roll Morton">Jelly Roll Morton</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Dixieland" title="Dixieland">Dixieland</a>, som blant annet <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eddie_Condon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eddie Condon (ikke skrevet ennå)">Eddie Condon</a> er kjent fra, er musikalsk sett det samme som New Orleans-jazz, men med hvite musikere. Det amerikanske <a href="/wiki/Original_Dixieland_Jass_Band" title="Original Dixieland Jass Band">Original Dixieland Jass Band</a> utga den første jazzplate (1917), og bandets plater ble etter turne til England i 1919 de første distribuert til <a href="/wiki/Skandinavia" title="Skandinavia">Skandinavia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1920-årene"><span id="1920-.C3.A5rene"></span>1920-årene</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: 1920-årene" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1920-årene"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Jazzing_orchestra_1921.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Jazzing_orchestra_1921.png/250px-Jazzing_orchestra_1921.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Jazzing_orchestra_1921.png/375px-Jazzing_orchestra_1921.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Jazzing_orchestra_1921.png/500px-Jazzing_orchestra_1921.png 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="529" /></a><figcaption>The King & Carter Jazzing Orchestra i <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, Januar 1921.</figcaption></figure> <p>Louis Armstrong var et musikalsk ideal for mange, og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chicago-jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chicago-jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Chicago-jazz</a> betegner musikk av hvite musikere i <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> med Armstrong som forbilde. <a href="/wiki/George_Gershwin" title="George Gershwin">George Gershwin</a> hadde premiere i <a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a> med «symfonisk jazz» i sin <i>Rhapsody in Blue</i>, fremført av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Whitman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Whitman (ikke skrevet ennå)">Paul Whitmans</a> orkester, som ledd i hans «An Experiment in Modern Music» (Aeolian Hall, New York). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Stride_piano" title="Stride piano">Stride piano</a> er en virtuos pianojazz med sterke ragtime-elementer. Som kjente navn i denne sjangeren kan nevnes <a href="/wiki/Fats_Waller" title="Fats Waller">Fats Waller</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_P._Johnson" title="James P. Johnson">James P. Johnson</a> og <a href="/wiki/Earl_Hines" title="Earl Hines">Earl Hines</a>. <a href="/wiki/Boogie-woogie" class="mw-redirect" title="Boogie-woogie">Boogie-woogie</a> er bluesorientert pianojazz med typiske drivende bassfigurer, spilt av blant andre <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meade_Lux_Lewis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meade Lux Lewis (ikke skrevet ennå)">Meade Lux Lewis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albert_Ammons" title="Albert Ammons">Albert Ammons</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pete_Johnson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pete Johnson (ikke skrevet ennå)">Pete Johnson</a>. </p><p>En av de absolutt første norske jazzgrupper var <a href="/wiki/Sixpence_Jazzband" title="Sixpence Jazzband">Sixpence Jazzband</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kristiania" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristiania">Kristiania</a>, 1923), og det lengstspillende, <a href="/wiki/Bodega_Band" title="Bodega Band">Bodega Band</a> ble etablert i <a href="/wiki/Trondheim" title="Trondheim">Trondheim</a> (1929). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1930-årene"><span id="1930-.C3.A5rene"></span>1930-årene</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: 1930-årene" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1930-årene"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I 1930-årene utviklet den kjente <a href="/wiki/Swing" title="Swing">swingen</a> seg, og store instrumentalister, komponister og orkesterledere som <a href="/wiki/Count_Basie" title="Count Basie">Count Basie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke_Ellington" title="Duke Ellington">Duke Ellington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Miller" title="Glenn Miller">Glenn Miller</a> og <a href="/wiki/Artie_Shaw" title="Artie Shaw">Artie Shaw</a> ble kjent. Swing er en arrangert <a href="/w/index.php?title=Combojazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Combojazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">combojazz</a>, eller <a href="/w/index.php?title=Big_band_jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Big band jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">big band jazz</a>, med en ekstremt tett samspilt rytmeseksjon. Dette oppstår ved at de enkelte musikere spiller med en viss grad av rytmisk frihet i forhold til hverandre og til den felles grunnrytmen (<i>beat</i>). </p><p><a href="/wiki/String_swing" class="mw-redirect" title="String swing">String swing</a> er et begrep som blir brukt i flere sammenhenger. En av dem betegner den første egne europeiske jazz-stilen, egentlig <i>Hot club jazz</i>, som fikk innflytelse fra <a href="/wiki/Sinti" title="Sinti">sintienes</a> musikk, blant annet ved å innføre <a href="/wiki/Fiolin" title="Fiolin">fiolin</a> som instrument. Denne stilen er kjent i Norge gjennom <a href="/wiki/Hot_Club_de_Norv%C3%A9ge" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot Club de Norvége">Hot Club de Norvége</a> i 1980-årene. De franske <a href="/wiki/Django_Reinhardt" title="Django Reinhardt">Django Reinhardt</a> og <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Grappelli" title="Stéphane Grappelli">Stéphane Grappelli</a> er gode eksempler på denne sjangeren. </p><p>I <a href="/wiki/Sverige" title="Sverige">Sverige</a> etableres tidsskriftet <i><a href="/wiki/Orkesterjournalen" title="Orkesterjournalen">Orkesterjournalen</a></i> i <a href="/wiki/1933" title="1933">1933</a>, og blir verdens mest langvarige tidsskrift for jazz, tett etterfulgt av <i><a href="/wiki/Down_Beat" title="Down Beat">Down Beat</a></i> (1934). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1940-årene"><span id="1940-.C3.A5rene"></span>1940-årene</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Rediger avsnitt: 1940-årene" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1940-årene"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En videreutvikling av swingen er <a href="/wiki/Bebop" title="Bebop">bebop</a>, og navn som forbindes med denne sjangeren er <a href="/wiki/Dizzy_Gillespie" title="Dizzy Gillespie">Dizzy Gillespie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Parker" title="Charlie Parker">Charlie Parker</a> og <a href="/wiki/Bud_Powell" title="Bud Powell">Bud Powell</a>. Bebop har fokus på solistisk improvisasjon, som regel spilt i en <a href="/wiki/Kvintett" title="Kvintett">kvintett</a>, og kjennetegnes ved kompleks harmonikk og høyt tempo. <i><a href="/wiki/Blue_note_(tone)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue note (tone)">Blue notes</a></i> er karakteristisk for denne stilen. En nordmann som bør nevnes i denne sammenheng er <a href="/wiki/Egil_Johansen_(1934%E2%80%931998)" title="Egil Johansen (1934–1998)">Egil «Bop» Johansen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1950-årene"><span id="1950-.C3.A5rene"></span>1950-årene</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Rediger avsnitt: 1950-årene" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit&section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1950-årene"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Cool_jazz" title="Cool jazz">Cool jazz</a> (<a href="/wiki/Miles_Davis" title="Miles Davis">Miles Davis</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Lewis_(musiker)" title="John Lewis (musiker)">John Lewis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chet_Baker" title="Chet Baker">Chet Baker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stan_Kenton" title="Stan Kenton">Stan Kenton</a>) er jazz med mer strukturert komposisjon og improvisasjon enn bebop, med innflytelse fra europeisk komposisjonsteknikk. Stilen er mer <a href="/wiki/Introvert" class="mw-redirect" title="Introvert">introvert</a> enn bebop, og anser seg for å være mer lyttemusikk (kunstmusikk) enn underholdningsmusikk. </p><p>I Norge dannes <a href="/wiki/Norsk_jazzforbund" title="Norsk jazzforbund">Norsk jazzforbund</a> i <a href="/wiki/1953" title="1953">1953</a> og etablerer <a href="/wiki/Buddyprisen" title="Buddyprisen">Buddyprisen</a> året etter. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hard_bop" title="Hard bop">Hard bop</a> (med navn som <a href="/wiki/Art_Blakey" title="Art Blakey">Art Blakey</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Coltrane" title="John Coltrane">John Coltrane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miles_Davis" title="Miles Davis">Miles Davis</a> og <a href="/wiki/Horace_Silver" title="Horace Silver">Horace Silver</a>) er en videreutvikling av bebop, med blikk tilbake på jazzens røtter i blues, soul og afrikansk musikk. </p><p>I <a href="/wiki/Third_Stream" title="Third Stream">Third Stream</a> (eksempelvis <a href="/wiki/John_Lewis_(musiker)" title="John Lewis (musiker)">John Lewis</a> og <a href="/wiki/Modern_Jazz_Quartet" title="Modern Jazz Quartet">Modern Jazz Quartet</a>) åpnes jazzbegrepet for alle mulige musikktradisjoner, blant annet europeisk kunstmusikk. Samtidig oppstår en sjanger, «New Orleans jazz revival», (1938–) eller bare «revival». I noen diskursive sammenhenger går både New Orleans og Dixielandrevival under begrepet «revival» som ser tilbake på den tradisjonelle stilen New Orleans-jazz, men musikerne som utvikler stilen tar gjerne med elementer fra de samtidige stilene, swing og bebop. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1960-årene"><span id="1960-.C3.A5rene"></span>1960-årene</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Rediger avsnitt: 1960-årene" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit&section=9" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1960-årene"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I juli 1960 åpner en av de første jazzfestivalene i Europa, <a href="/wiki/Jazz_%C3%A0_Juan" title="Jazz à Juan">Jazz à Juan</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Juan-les-Pins" title="Juan-les-Pins">Juan-les-Pins</a> i <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a> som en hyllest til <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Bechet" title="Sidney Bechet">Sidney Bechet</a>. </p><p>Norges første jazzfestivaler etableres: <a href="/wiki/Moldejazz" title="Moldejazz">Moldejazz</a> (1961) og <a href="/wiki/Kongsberg_Jazzfestival" title="Kongsberg Jazzfestival">Kongsberg Jazzfestival</a> (1965). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Orkestral_jazz" title="Orkestral jazz">Orkestral jazz</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gunther_Schuller" title="Gunther Schuller">Gunther Schuller</a> og <a href="/wiki/Gil_Evans" title="Gil Evans">Gil Evans</a>) er <i>Third stream</i> i stort format, ofte som større komposisjoner. </p><p>I <a href="/wiki/Frijazz" title="Frijazz">frijazz</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ornette_Coleman" title="Ornette Coleman">Ornette Coleman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Taylor" title="Cecil Taylor">Cecil Taylor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albert_Ayler" title="Albert Ayler">Albert Ayler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sun_Ra" title="Sun Ra">Sun Ra</a>) begynner jazzen å løse seg fra tradisjonell rytme og harmoni – <i>energy play</i> istedenfor <i>swing</i>, der uvante harmonier og støy blir benyttet som elementer. <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Taylor" title="Cecil Taylor">Cecil Taylors</a> opptreden på <a href="/wiki/Metropol_Jazz_Club" title="Metropol Jazz Club">Metropol Jazz Club</a> i <a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a> var en milepæl i denne sammenheng, sett med norske øyne. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Free_bop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Free bop (ikke skrevet ennå)">Free bop</a> (<a href="/wiki/Miles_Davis" title="Miles Davis">Miles Davis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lloyd" title="Charles Lloyd">Charles Lloyd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Shorter" title="Wayne Shorter">Wayne Shorter</a>) er en videreutvikling av Ornette Colemans og John Coltranes <a href="/wiki/Modal_jazz" class="mw-redirect" title="Modal jazz">modal jazz</a>. </p><p>Slutten av 1960-årene innleder en ny epoke innen jazzen: jazzrock og fusion, gjennom blant andre Miles Davis' <i>Bitches Brew</i> og <i>In a Silent Way</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1970-årene"><span id="1970-.C3.A5rene"></span>1970-årene</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Rediger avsnitt: 1970-årene" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit&section=10" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1970-årene"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Jazz-fusion" title="Jazz-fusion">Fusion</a> (rock-jazz) (<a href="/wiki/Miles_Davis" title="Miles Davis">Miles Davis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbie_Hancock" title="Herbie Hancock">Herbie Hancock</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_McLaughlin" title="John McLaughlin">John McLaughlin</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Zavinul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Zavinul (ikke skrevet ennå)">Joseph Zavinul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chick_Corea" title="Chick Corea">Chick Corea</a> og <a href="/wiki/Al_Di_Meola" title="Al Di Meola">Al Di Meola</a>) har elementer fra den samtidige rockmusikken, særlig elektroniske og elektronisk forsterkete instrumenter. Lydstyrken ble høyere, og jazz og rock påvirket hverandre gjensidig. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akustisk_jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akustisk jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Akustisk jazz</a> (<a href="/wiki/Keith_Jarrett" title="Keith Jarrett">Keith Jarrett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chick_Corea" title="Chick Corea">Chick Corea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gary_Burton" title="Gary Burton">Gary Burton</a>) derimot, er en romantisk orientert stil uten elektroniske virkemidler. Sjangeren oppsto som en motvekt til rock-jazz. Musikkteoretisk var den basert på <a href="/wiki/Ornette_Coleman" title="Ornette Coleman">Ornette Colemans</a> teorier. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mainstream&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mainstream (ikke skrevet ennå)">Mainstream</a> (<a href="/wiki/Oscar_Peterson" title="Oscar Peterson">Oscar Peterson</a>, <a href="/wiki/J.J._Johnson" title="J.J. Johnson">J.J. Johnson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phil_Woods" title="Phil Woods">Phil Woods</a>) er en stil avledet av en blanding av swing, tidlig bebop og Kansas City-bop. Det er den eneste av de tradisjonelle jazzstilene som fremdeles er i utvikling. </p><p>I Norge etableres <a href="/wiki/Vossajazz" class="mw-redirect" title="Vossajazz">Vossajazz</a> (1973) og <a href="/wiki/Jazzlinja" title="Jazzlinja">jazzlinja</a> ved <a href="/wiki/Musikkonservatoriet_i_Trondheim" class="mw-redirect" title="Musikkonservatoriet i Trondheim">Musikkonservatoriet i Trondheim</a> - nå en del av Institutt for musikk ved <a href="/wiki/NTNU" class="mw-redirect" title="NTNU">NTNU</a> (1979). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1980-årene"><span id="1980-.C3.A5rene"></span>1980-årene</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Rediger avsnitt: 1980-årene" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit&section=11" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1980-årene"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loft_(jazz)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loft (jazz) (ikke skrevet ennå)">Loft</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sam_Rivers" title="Sam Rivers">Sam Rivers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Braxton" title="Anthony Braxton">Anthony Braxton</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marion_Brown&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marion Brown (ikke skrevet ennå)">Marion Brown</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roscoe_Mitchell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roscoe Mitchell (ikke skrevet ennå)">Roscoe Mitchell</a>) er frijazz med enklere strukturer og mer melodisk utforming, med den hensikt å gjøre musikken lettere tilgjengelig for lytteren. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo-hardbop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neo-hardbop (ikke skrevet ennå)">Neo-hardbop</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wynton_Marsalis" title="Wynton Marsalis">Wynton Marsalis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roy_Hargrove" title="Roy Hargrove">Roy Hargrove</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Terri_Lyne_Carrington&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terri Lyne Carrington (ikke skrevet ennå)">Terri Lyne Carrington</a>) er Hardbop som i 1950-årene, med mye blues og intensitet og lite eksperimentering. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Oslo_Jazzfestival" title="Oslo Jazzfestival">Oslo Jazzfestival</a> starter opp i 1986. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1990-årene"><span id="1990-.C3.A5rene"></span>1990-årene</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Rediger avsnitt: 1990-årene" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit&section=12" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1990-årene"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smooth_jazz" title="Smooth jazz">Smooth jazz</a> (<a href="/wiki/David_Sanborn" title="David Sanborn">David Sanborn</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Etno_jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Etno jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Etno jazz</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anouar_Brahem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anouar Brahem (ikke skrevet ennå)">Anouar Brahem</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000-årene"><span id="2000-.C3.A5rene"></span>2000-årene</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Rediger avsnitt: 2000-årene" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit&section=13" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 2000-årene"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hip-hop_jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hip-hop jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Hip-hop jazz</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Shipp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matthew Shipp (ikke skrevet ennå)">Matthew Shipp</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=DJ_Spooky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DJ Spooky (ikke skrevet ennå)">DJ Spooky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Us3" title="Us3">Us3</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guru%27s_Jazzmatazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guru's Jazzmatazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Guru's Jazzmatazz</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roy_Hargrove_%26_The_RH_Factor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roy Hargrove & The RH Factor (ikke skrevet ennå)">Roy Hargrove & The RH Factor</a>) er en sammenføring av forskjellige musikkretninger fra 1990-årene, ført sammen av fargede kunstnere. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nu_jazz" title="Nu jazz">Nu jazz</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bugge_Wesseltoft" title="Bugge Wesseltoft">Bugge Wesseltoft</a>) er tradisjonell jazz med innflytelse fra forskjellige former av <a href="/wiki/Elektronisk_musikk" title="Elektronisk musikk">elektronisk musikk</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viktige_begrep">Viktige begrep</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Rediger avsnitt: Viktige begrep" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit&section=14" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Viktige begrep"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avant-garde" class="mw-redirect" title="Avant-garde">Avant-garde</a> jazz betegner ofte de nyskapte <a href="/wiki/Stilart" class="mw-redirect" title="Stilart">stilartene</a> i en gitt <a href="/wiki/Epoke" class="mw-disambig" title="Epoke">epoke</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz_combo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jazz combo (ikke skrevet ennå)">Jazz combo</a> er et band med tre musikere og oppover. Består gjerne av komp (bass, trommer og gitar eller piano) med blåsere og/eller vokal.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_band" class="mw-redirect" title="Big band">Big band</a> er et jazzband med flere musikere enn i en jazz combo, besetningen og antall musikere kan variere. En nokså vanlig besetning vil være: 5 saksofoner, 5 trompeter, 5 tromboner og komp (trommer, bass, gitar og/eller piano). Storband er som regel notebasert, men mer improvisasjonsbaserte storband finnes også, eksempelvis Sun Ras band i 1960-årene.<br />Eksempler på berømte storband er Duke Ellingtons band og Count Basies band.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz-standards" class="mw-redirect" title="Jazz-standards">Standards</a> (eller <i><a href="/wiki/Standardl%C3%A5t" class="mw-redirect" title="Standardlåt">standardlåter</a></i>) er <a href="/wiki/Repertoar" title="Repertoar">repertoarstykker</a> som blir spilt særlig ofte. Disse låtene har gjennom årene blitt så kjente at de fleste musikere innen jazzsjangeren kan møtes og spille dem sammen uten å øve først.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit&section=15" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nps.gov/jazz/learn/historyculture/history_early.htm">«Jazz Origins in New Orleans - New Orleans Jazz National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service)»</a>, <i>NPS.gov</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> Berendt, Joachim: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sbg.ac.at/ges/people/wagnleitner/usa3/nov26frame.htm">«A Map of Jazz Styles»</a>, <i>The Jazz Book</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> Hennessey, Thomas (1973): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/From_jazz_to_swing_black_jazz_musicians.html?id=nvskngEACAAJ"><i>From Jazz to Swing: Black Jazz Musicians and Their Music, 1917-1935</i></a>. Ph.D. dissertation, Northwestern University, s. 470-473.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> Ferris, Jean (1993): <i>America's Musical Landscape</i>. Brown and Benchmark. <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0697125165" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0697125165</a>. s. 228, 233</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> Starr, Larry, & Waterman, Christopher: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/english/publication/2008/08/20080812212457eaifas0.7410852.html#axzz3QeZKNVtc">«Popular Jazz and Swing: America's Original Art Form»</a>, <i>IIP Digital</i>. Oxford University Press</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cgacriticalthinkers.blogspot.no/2014/02/original-american-art-forms.html">«Original American Art Forms»</a>, <i>Critical Thinking</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.solomongroup.com/work/view/the_jazz_heritage_center">«Creating a cutting-edge space for one of America’s original art forms»</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190106195400/http://www.solomongroup.com/work/view/the_jazz_heritage_center">Arkivert</a> 6. januar 2019 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., <i>The Jazz & Heritage Center</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wilton-8"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-Wilton_8-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wilton_8-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Wilton, Dave (6. april 2015): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.oxforddictionaries.com/2015/04/jazz-baseball/">«The baseball origin of 'jazz'»</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170902052113/http://blog.oxforddictionaries.com/2015/04/jazz-baseball/">Arkivert</a> 2. september 2017 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., <i>Oxford Dictionaries</i>, Oxford University Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=jazz">«jazz»</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=jism">«jism (n.)»</a>, <i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=jazz">«jazz»</a>, <i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Seagrove, Gordon (11. juli 1915): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120130130212/http://www.omf.paris-sorbonne.fr/IMG/pdf/1915_article_Seagrove.pdf">«Blues is Jazz and Jazz Is Blues»</a> (PDF), ''<i>Chicago Daily Tribune</i>. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.omf.paris-sorbonne.fr/IMG/pdf/1915_article_Seagrove.pdf">originalen</a> (PDF) den 30. januar 2012. Arkivert ved <i>Observatoire Musical Français</i>, Paris-Sorbonne University.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> Benjamin Zimmer (8. juni 2009): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visualthesaurus.com/cm/wordroutes/1876/">«’Jazz’: A Tale of Three Cities»</a>, <i>Word Routes</i>. The Visual Thesaurus.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npr.org/2016/03/19/470879654/the-musical-that-ushered-in-the-jazz-age-gets-its-own-musical">«The Musical That Ushered In The Jazz Age Gets Its Own Musical»</a>, <i>NPR Music</i>, 19. mars 2016</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Berendt-14"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-Berendt_14-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Berendt_14-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> Berendt, Joachim E. (1981): <i>The Jazz Book: From Ragtime to Fusion and Beyond</i>. Lawrence Hill Books, s. 371.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> Berendt, Joachim Ernst (1964): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?ei=8Rz-UdDVDefb7AbhvYCYBA&id=pjgYAQAAIAAJ&dq=Joachim+Berendt+which+originated+in+the+United+States+through+the+confrontation+of+blacks&q=confrontation#search_anchor">The New Jazz Book: a History and Guide</a>, Peter Owen, s. 278</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Christgau, Robert (28. oktober 1986): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/cg/cgv10-86.php">«Christgau's Consumer Guide»</a>, <i>The Village Voice</i>. New York. </span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Litteratur">Litteratur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Rediger avsnitt: Litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit&section=16" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Litteratur"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Feather, Leonard (1955): <i>The Encyclopedia of Jazz</i>, New York</li> <li>Feather, Leonard (1966): <i>The Encyclopedia of Jazz in the 60s</i>, New York</li> <li>Feather, Leonard; Gitler, Ira (1976): <i>The Encyclopedia of Jazz in the 70s</i>, New York</li> <li>Chilton, John (1970/1985): <i>Who's Who of Jazz. Storyville to Swing Street</i>, London</li> <li>Clayton, Peter; Gammond, Peter (1986): <i>The Guiness Jazz A-Z</i>, Winfield</li> <li>Carr, Ian; Fairweather, Digby; Priestley, Brian (1987): <i>Jazz. The Essential Companion</i>, London</li> <li>Kunzler, Martin (2002): <i>Jazz-Lexikon</i>, Reinbek ved Hamburg (2 bind)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz&action=edit&section=17" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Norsk</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jazzen.no/">Jazzen.no</a>, plateomtaler av norsk og utenlandsk jazz</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elgitar.com/chris_juergensen/hva_er_jazz">Hva er jazz? – et blikk på jazzharmoni</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Engelsk</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jazzdisco.org">Jazz Discography Project</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allaboutjazz.com">All About Jazz</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050406101308/http://walden.mo.net/~dcowsley/index.htm">Dennis Owsleys hjemmeside med nyttige oversikter</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23230704">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Jazz" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23230704"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24561741">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acid_jazz" title="Acid jazz">Acid jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-jazz" title="Afro-jazz">Afro-jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia-amerikansk_jazz" title="Asia-amerikansk jazz">Asia-amerikansk jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avant-garde_jazz" class="mw-redirect" title="Avant-garde jazz">Avant-garde jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebop" title="Bebop">Bebop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bossanova" title="Bossanova">Bossanova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calypso_jazz" class="mw-redirect" title="Calypso jazz">Calypso jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cape jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Cape jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chamber_jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chamber jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Chamber jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cool_jazz" title="Cool jazz">Cool jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crossover_jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crossover jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Crossover jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dixieland" title="Dixieland">Dixieland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frijazz" title="Frijazz">Frijazz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gypsy_jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gypsy jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Gypsy jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_bop" title="Hard bop">Hard bop</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz_blues&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jazz blues (ikke skrevet ennå)">Jazz blues</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz-funk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jazz-funk (ikke skrevet ennå)">Jazz-funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz-fusion" title="Jazz-fusion">Jazz-fusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz_rap" class="mw-redirect" title="Jazz rap">Jazz rap</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latinojazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Latinojazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Latinojazz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=M-Base&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="M-Base (ikke skrevet ennå)">M-Base</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mainstream_jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mainstream jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Mainstream jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modal_jazz" class="mw-redirect" title="Modal jazz">Modal jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo-bop_jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neo-bop jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Neo-bop jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_jazz" title="Nu jazz">Nu jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orkestral_jazz" title="Orkestral jazz">Orkestral jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-bop" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-bop">Post-bop</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Punk_jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Punk jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Punk jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ska_jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ska jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Ska jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smooth_jazz" title="Smooth jazz">Smooth jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soul_jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soul jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Soul jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swing" title="Swing">Swing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trad_jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trad jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Trad jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Coast_jazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="West Coast jazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">West Coast jazz</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Jazz" title="Jazz"><img alt="Jazz" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Jazzstubartwork.svg/70px-Jazzstubartwork.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Jazzstubartwork.svg/105px-Jazzstubartwork.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Jazzstubartwork.svg/140px-Jazzstubartwork.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="57" data-file-height="89" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Instrument</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kontrabass" title="Kontrabass">Kontrabass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trommer" class="mw-redirect" title="Trommer">Trommer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gitar" title="Gitar">Gitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano" title="Piano">Piano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiolin" title="Fiolin">Fiolin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokaljazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokaljazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Vokaljazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saksofon" title="Saksofon">Saksofon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trombone" title="Trombone">Trombone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trompet" title="Trompet">Trompet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Emner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jazzens_%C2%ABadel%C2%BB" title="Jazzens «adel»">Jazzens «adel»</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazzalderen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jazzalderen (ikke skrevet ennå)">Jazzalderen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazzband&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jazzband (ikke skrevet ennå)">Jazzband</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazzpoesi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jazzpoesi (ikke skrevet ennå)">Jazzpoesi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jazz_royalty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jazz royalty (ikke skrevet ennå)">Jazz royalty</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardjazz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Standardjazz (ikke skrevet ennå)">Standardjazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storband" title="Storband">Storband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Improvisasjon" title="Improvisasjon">Improvisasjon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamsession" title="Jamsession">Jamsession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scat-sang" title="Scat-sang">Scat-sang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stride_piano" title="Stride piano">Stride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz_i_Norge" title="Jazz i Norge">Jazz i Norge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lister</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Liste_over_norske_jazzklubber" title="Liste over norske jazzklubber">Liste over norske jazzklubber</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Liste_over_jazzsjangere" title="Liste over jazzsjangere">Liste over jazzsjangere</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Jazz" title="Portal:Jazz">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Jazz" title="Kategori:Jazz">Kategori</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div id="catlinks"><p id="portlinks" class="catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portaler" title="Wikipedia:Portaler">Portal</a>: <a href="/wiki/Portal:Jazz" title="Portal:Jazz">Jazz</a></p></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23230704"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24561737"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Oppslagsverk/autoritetsdata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Oppslagsverk/autoritetsdata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a 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href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/jazz/">Encyclopædia Universalis</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4028532-7">GND</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85069833">LCCN</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11938040n">BNF</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11938040n">BNF (data)</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/024567">HDS</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00574987">NDL</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph121330">NKC</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX527410">BNE</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/things/8ad76964-5371-41ef-81cb-6696e9192da3">BBC Things</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hentet fra «<a dir="ltr" href="https://no.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jazz&oldid=24311930">https://no.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jazz&oldid=24311930</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kategorier" title="Kategori:Kategorier">Kategorier</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Jazz" title="Kategori:Jazz">Jazz</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Musikk_i_USA" title="Kategori:Musikk i USA">Musikk i USA</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks 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