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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Types-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Equipment_and_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equipment_and_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Equipment and systems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Equipment_and_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Quality_of_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Quality_of_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Quality of care</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Quality_of_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operational_logistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operational_logistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Operational logistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operational_logistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Remote_collaboration_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Remote_collaboration_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Remote collaboration systems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Remote_collaboration_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Intensive care unit</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 48 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B2%D8%A9" title="وحدة العناية المركزة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وحدة العناية المركزة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="নিবিড় পরিচর্যা কেন্দ্র – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নিবিড় পরিচর্যা কেন্দ্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka-h%C5%8D%CD%98_p%C4%93%E2%81%BF-p%C3%A2ng" title="Ka-hō͘ pēⁿ-pâng – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ka-hō͘ pēⁿ-pâng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Интензивно отделение – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Интензивно отделение" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitat_de_cures_intensives" title="Unitat de cures intensives – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Unitat de cures intensives" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jednotka_intenzivn%C3%AD_p%C3%A9%C4%8De" title="Jednotka intenzivní péče – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jednotka intenzivní péče" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uned_gofal_dwys" title="Uned gofal dwys – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Uned gofal dwys" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensiv_afdeling" title="Intensiv afdeling – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Intensiv afdeling" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensivstation" title="Intensivstation – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Intensivstation" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensiivraviosakond" title="Intensiivraviosakond – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Intensiivraviosakond" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Μονάδα εντατικής θεραπείας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μονάδα εντατικής θεραπείας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unidad_de_cuidados_intensivos" title="Unidad de cuidados intensivos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Unidad de cuidados intensivos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zainketa_Intentsiboetako_Unitate" title="Zainketa Intentsiboetako Unitate – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zainketa Intentsiboetako Unitate" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%98%D9%87" title="بخش مراقبت‌های ویژه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بخش مراقبت‌های ویژه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit%C3%A9_de_soins_intensifs" title="Unité de soins intensifs – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Unité de soins intensifs" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aonad_Dianch%C3%BAraim" title="Aonad Dianchúraim – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Aonad Dianchúraim" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unidade_de_coidados_intensivos" title="Unidade de coidados intensivos – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Unidade de coidados intensivos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%91%EC%A4%91%EC%B9%98%EB%A3%8C%EC%8B%A4" title="집중치료실 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="집중치료실" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%87_%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%BE_%D5%A9%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%AA%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D6%84" title="Վերակենդանացման և ինտենսիվ թերապիայի բաժանմունք – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վերակենդանացման և ինտենսիվ թերապիայի բաժանմունք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97" title="गहन चिकित्सा विभाग – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गहन चिकित्सा विभाग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intenzivna_medicina" title="Intenzivna medicina – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Intenzivna medicina" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instalasi_rawat_intensif" title="Instalasi rawat intensif – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Instalasi rawat intensif" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terapia_intensiva" title="Terapia intensiva – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Terapia intensiva" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%97%D7%99%D7%93%D7%94_%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%A0%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%A5" title="יחידה לטיפול נמרץ – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יחידה לטיפול נמרץ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sadaruki" title="Sadaruki – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sadaruki" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terapia_intensiva" title="Terapia intensiva – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Terapia intensiva" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82" title="തീവ്ര പരിചരണവിഭാഗം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തീവ്ര പരിചരണവിഭാഗം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_rawatan_rapi" title="Unit rawatan rapi – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Unit rawatan rapi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensivecareafdeling" title="Intensivecareafdeling – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Intensivecareafdeling" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%86%E4%B8%AD%E6%B2%BB%E7%99%82%E5%AE%A4" title="集中治療室 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="集中治療室" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensivavdeling" title="Intensivavdeling – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Intensivavdeling" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oddzia%C5%82_intensywnej_terapii" title="Oddział intensywnej terapii – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Oddział intensywnej terapii" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unidade_de_terapia_intensiva" title="Unidade de terapia intensiva – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Unidade de terapia intensiva" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitate_de_anestezie_%C8%99i_terapie_intensiv%C4%83" title="Unitate de anestezie și terapie intensivă – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Unitate de anestezie și terapie intensivă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83" title="गहनचिकित्साविभागः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="गहनचिकित्साविभागः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%92_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B6%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA" title="දැඩි සත්කාර ඒකකය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="දැඩි සත්කාර ඒකකය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensive_care_unit" title="Intensive care unit – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Intensive care unit" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%DB%95%DB%8C_%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8E%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C_%DA%86%DA%95" title="یەکەی چاودێریی چڕ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="یەکەی چاودێریی چڕ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intenzivna_nega" title="Intenzivna nega – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Intenzivna nega" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teho-osasto" title="Teho-osasto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Teho-osasto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensivv%C3%A5rdsavdelning" title="Intensivvårdsavdelning – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Intensivvårdsavdelning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81" title="தீவிர சிகிச்சைப் பிரிவு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தீவிர சிகிச்சைப் பிரிவு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5" title="หน่วยอภิบาล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หน่วยอภิบาล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8%DB%82_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%81%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA" title="شعبۂ انتہائی نگہداشت – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شعبۂ انتہائی نگہداشت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_s%E1%BB%A9c_t%C3%ADch_c%E1%BB%B1c" title="Hồi sức tích cực – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hồi sức tích cực" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Hospital ward that provides intensive care medicine</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Emergency_department" title="Emergency department">emergency department</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Intensive+care+unit%22">"Intensive care unit"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Intensive+care+unit%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Intensive+care+unit%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Intensive+care+unit%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Intensive+care+unit%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Intensive+care+unit%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Original_research plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Original_research" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>possibly contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">original research</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Intensive_care_unit&action=edit">improve it</a> by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifying</a> the claims made and adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a>. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Navy_090814-N-6326B-001_A_mock_set-up_of_the_new_pod_design_in_the_Neonatal_Intensive_Care_Unit_(NICU)_at_Naval_Medical_Center_San_Diego_(NMCSD)_is_on_display_during_an_open_house.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/US_Navy_090814-N-6326B-001_A_mock_set-up_of_the_new_pod_design_in_the_Neonatal_Intensive_Care_Unit_%28NICU%29_at_Naval_Medical_Center_San_Diego_%28NMCSD%29_is_on_display_during_an_open_house.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/US_Navy_090814-N-6326B-001_A_mock_set-up_of_the_new_pod_design_in_the_Neonatal_Intensive_Care_Unit_%28NICU%29_at_Naval_Medical_Center_San_Diego_%28NMCSD%29_is_on_display_during_an_open_house.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/US_Navy_090814-N-6326B-001_A_mock_set-up_of_the_new_pod_design_in_the_Neonatal_Intensive_Care_Unit_%28NICU%29_at_Naval_Medical_Center_San_Diego_%28NMCSD%29_is_on_display_during_an_open_house.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>Intensive care unit</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Respiratory_therapist.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Respiratory_therapist.jpg/220px-Respiratory_therapist.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Respiratory_therapist.jpg/330px-Respiratory_therapist.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Respiratory_therapist.jpg/440px-Respiratory_therapist.jpg 2x" data-file-width="468" data-file-height="291" /></a><figcaption>ICU patients often require <a href="/wiki/Mechanical_ventilation" title="Mechanical ventilation">mechanical ventilation</a> if they have lost the ability to breathe normally.</figcaption></figure> <p>An <b>intensive care unit</b> (<b>ICU</b>), also known as an <b>intensive therapy unit</b> or <b>intensive treatment unit</b> (<b>ITU</b>) or <b>critical care unit</b> (<b>CCU</b>), is a special department of a hospital or health care facility that provides <a href="/wiki/Intensive_care_medicine" title="Intensive care medicine">intensive care medicine</a>. </p><p>Intensive care units cater to patients with <a href="/wiki/Medical_emergency" title="Medical emergency">severe or life-threatening</a> illnesses and injuries, which require constant care and close supervision from life-support equipment and medication in order to ensure <a href="/wiki/Human_homeostasis" class="mw-redirect" title="Human homeostasis">normal bodily functions</a>. They are staffed by highly trained <a href="/wiki/Intensivist" title="Intensivist">physicians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Critical_care_nursing" title="Critical care nursing">nurses</a> and <a href="/wiki/Respiratory_therapists" class="mw-redirect" title="Respiratory therapists">respiratory therapists</a> who specialize in caring for critically ill patients. ICUs are also distinguished from general hospital wards by a higher staff-to-patient ratio and access to advanced medical resources and equipment that is not routinely available elsewhere. Common conditions that are treated within ICUs include <a href="/wiki/Acute_respiratory_distress_syndrome" title="Acute respiratory distress syndrome">acute respiratory distress syndrome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Septic_shock" title="Septic shock">septic shock</a>, and other life-threatening conditions. </p><p>Patients may be referred directly from an <a href="/wiki/Emergency_department" title="Emergency department">emergency department</a> or from a ward if they rapidly deteriorate, or immediately after surgery if the surgery is very invasive and the patient is at high risk of complications.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intensive_care_unit&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Intensive_care_medicine" title="Intensive care medicine">Intensive care medicine</a></div> <p>In 1854, <a href="/wiki/Florence_Nightingale" title="Florence Nightingale">Florence Nightingale</a> left for the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a>, where <a href="/wiki/Triage" title="Triage">triage</a> was used to separate seriously wounded soldiers from those with non-life-threatening conditions. </p><p>Until recently,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (October 2014)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> it was reported that Nightingale's method reduced mortality from 40% to 2% on the battlefield. Although this was not the case, her experiences during the war formed the foundation for her later discovery of the importance of sanitary conditions in hospitals, a critical component of intensive care. </p><p>In response to a <a href="/wiki/Polio" title="Polio">polio</a> <a href="/wiki/Epidemic" title="Epidemic">epidemic</a> (where many patients required constant ventilation and surveillance), <a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B8rn_Aage_Ibsen" title="Bjørn Aage Ibsen">Bjørn Aage Ibsen</a> established the first intensive care unit globally in <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a> in 1953.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first application of this idea in the United States was in 1951 by <a href="/wiki/Dwight_Harken" title="Dwight Harken">Dwight Harken</a>. Harken's concept of intensive care has been adopted worldwide and has improved the chance of survival for patients. He opened the first intensive care unit in 1951. In the 1960s, he developed the first device to help the heart pump. He also implanted artificial aortic and mitral valves. He continued to pioneer in surgical procedures for operating on the heart. He established and worked in several organizations related to the heart. </p><p>In 1955, William Mosenthal, a surgeon at the <a href="/wiki/Dartmouth-Hitchcock_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center">Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center</a> also opened an early intensive care unit.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1960s, the importance of <a href="/wiki/Cardiac_arrhythmias" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardiac arrhythmias">cardiac arrhythmias</a> as a source of <a href="/wiki/Morbidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Morbidity">morbidity</a> and <a href="/wiki/Death" title="Death">mortality</a> in <a href="/wiki/Myocardial_infarction" title="Myocardial infarction">myocardial infarctions</a> (heart attacks) was recognized. This led to the routine use of cardiac monitoring in ICUs, especially after heart attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types">Types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intensive_care_unit&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hospitals may have various specialized ICUs that cater to a specific medical requirement or patient: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Coronary_care_unit" title="Coronary care unit">Coronary care unit</a> </td> <td>Caters to patients specifically with life-threatening cardiac conditions such as a <a href="/wiki/Myocardial_infarction" title="Myocardial infarction">myocardial infarction</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Cardiac_arrest" title="Cardiac arrest">cardiac arrest</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Critical care unit </td> <td>Some large hospital trauma centers, especially but not exclusively in the United States, divide their main ICU, and perhaps even the other ICUs they may have, into sections that cater to those needing regular intensive care (the regular ICU), and those who are most unstable or closest to death, needing an even higher level of care (the critical care unit, or section). </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Geriatric_intensive-care_unit" title="Geriatric intensive-care unit">Geriatric intensive-care unit</a> </td> <td>A special intensive care unit dedicated to management of critically ill elderly. </td></tr> <tr> <td>High dependency unit </td> <td>An intermediate ward for patients who require close observation, treatment and nursing care that cannot be provided in a general ward, but whose care is not at a critical stage to warrant an ICU bed. It is utilised until a patient's condition stabilizes to qualify for discharge to a general ward or recovery unit. It may also be called an <i>intermediate care area</i>, <i>step-down unit</i>, or <i>progressive care unit</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Isolation intensive care unit </td> <td>An intensive care unit for patients with suspected or diagnosed <a href="/wiki/Contagious_disease" title="Contagious disease">contagious diseases</a> that require medical <a href="/wiki/Isolation_(health_care)" title="Isolation (health care)">isolation</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mobile intensive care unit (MICU) </td> <td>A specialized <a href="/wiki/Ambulance" title="Ambulance">ambulance</a> with the team and equipment to provide on-scene advanced life support and intensive care during transportation. Mobile ICUs are generally used for people who are being transferred from hospitals and from home to a hospital. In the Anglo-American model of pre-hospitalisation care mobile ICUs are generally crewed by specialised advanced life support paramedics. In the European model, mobile ICU teams are usually led by a nurse and physician. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Neonatal_intensive_care_unit" title="Neonatal intensive care unit">Neonatal intensive care unit</a> (NICU) </td> <td>Cares for neonatal patients who have not left the hospital after birth. Common conditions cared for include prematurity and associated complications, congenital disorders such as <a href="/wiki/Congenital_diaphragmatic_hernia" title="Congenital diaphragmatic hernia">congenital diaphragmatic hernia</a>, or complications resulting from the birthing process. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Neurological intensive care unit </td> <td>Patients are treated for traumatic brain and spinal injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, brain tumors, stroke, rattlesnake bites and post surgical patients who have undergone various neurological surgeries performed by experienced <a href="/wiki/Neurosurgeon" class="mw-redirect" title="Neurosurgeon">neurosurgeons</a> require constant neurological exams. Nurses who work within these units have neurological certifications. Once the patients are stable and removed from the ventilator, they are transferred to a neurological care unit. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pediatric_intensive_care_unit" title="Pediatric intensive care unit">Pediatric intensive care unit</a> </td> <td>Pediatric patients are treated in this intensive care unit for life-threatening conditions such as asthma, influenza, diabetic ketoacidosis, or traumatic neurological injury. Surgical cases may also be referred following a surgery if the patient has a potential for rapid deterioration or if the patient requires monitoring, such as spinal fusions or surgeries involving the respiratory system such as removal of the tonsils or adenoids. Some facilities also have specialized pediatric cardiac intensive care units where patients with congenital heart disease are treated. These units also typically cater for cardiac transplantation and postoperative cardiac catheterization patients if those services are offered at the hospital. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Post-anesthesia_care_unit" title="Post-anesthesia care unit">Post-anesthesia care unit</a> </td> <td>Provides immediate observation and stabilisation of patients following surgical operations and anesthesia. Patients are usually held in such facilities for a limited amount of time and have to meet set <a href="/wiki/Physiological" class="mw-redirect" title="Physiological">physiological</a> criteria before being transferred back to a ward with a qualified nurse escort. Owing to high patient flow in recovery units, and to the <a href="/wiki/Bed_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Bed management">bed management</a> cycle, if a patient breaches a time frame and is too unstable to be transferred back to a ward, they are normally transferred to an intensive care unit in order to receive progressive treatment. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Psychiatric_intensive_care_unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychiatric intensive care unit">Psychiatric intensive care unit</a> </td> <td>Patients at risk of self-harm are brought here for more intensive monitoring. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Surgical intensive care unit </td> <td>A specialized service in larger hospitals that provides inpatient care for critically ill patients on surgical services. As opposed to other ICUs, the care is managed by surgeons or anesthesiologists trained in critical-care. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Trauma intensive care unit </td> <td>These are found in hospitals certified in treating <a href="/wiki/Major_trauma" title="Major trauma">major trauma</a> with a dedicated trauma team equipped with the expertise to deal with serious complications. </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sick_baby_with_nurses.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Sick_baby_with_nurses.jpg/220px-Sick_baby_with_nurses.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Sick_baby_with_nurses.jpg/330px-Sick_baby_with_nurses.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Sick_baby_with_nurses.jpg/440px-Sick_baby_with_nurses.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a><figcaption>Nurses in a <a href="/wiki/Neonatal_intensive_care_unit" title="Neonatal intensive care unit">neonatal intensive care unit</a> (NICU)</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Helen_DeVos_Children%27s_IMG_0454_(5246843158).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Helen_DeVos_Children%27s_IMG_0454_%285246843158%29.jpg/220px-Helen_DeVos_Children%27s_IMG_0454_%285246843158%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Helen_DeVos_Children%27s_IMG_0454_%285246843158%29.jpg/330px-Helen_DeVos_Children%27s_IMG_0454_%285246843158%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Helen_DeVos_Children%27s_IMG_0454_%285246843158%29.jpg/440px-Helen_DeVos_Children%27s_IMG_0454_%285246843158%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2160" /></a><figcaption>A pediatric intensive care unit room at <a href="/wiki/Helen_DeVos_Children%27s_Hospital" title="Helen DeVos Children's Hospital">Helen Devos Children's Hospital</a>.</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ICU1a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/ICU1a.jpg/220px-ICU1a.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/ICU1a.jpg/330px-ICU1a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/ICU1a.jpg/440px-ICU1a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="687" data-file-height="486" /></a><figcaption>US Army ICU nurse attending to a patient in Baghdad, Iraq</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Navy_030423-N-6967M-090_A_central_computer_system_monitors_the_heart_rates_of_each_patient_in_the_Intensive_Care_Unit_(ICU)_to_ensure_a_quick.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/US_Navy_030423-N-6967M-090_A_central_computer_system_monitors_the_heart_rates_of_each_patient_in_the_Intensive_Care_Unit_%28ICU%29_to_ensure_a_quick.jpg/220px-US_Navy_030423-N-6967M-090_A_central_computer_system_monitors_the_heart_rates_of_each_patient_in_the_Intensive_Care_Unit_%28ICU%29_to_ensure_a_quick.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/US_Navy_030423-N-6967M-090_A_central_computer_system_monitors_the_heart_rates_of_each_patient_in_the_Intensive_Care_Unit_%28ICU%29_to_ensure_a_quick.jpg/330px-US_Navy_030423-N-6967M-090_A_central_computer_system_monitors_the_heart_rates_of_each_patient_in_the_Intensive_Care_Unit_%28ICU%29_to_ensure_a_quick.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/US_Navy_030423-N-6967M-090_A_central_computer_system_monitors_the_heart_rates_of_each_patient_in_the_Intensive_Care_Unit_%28ICU%29_to_ensure_a_quick.jpg/440px-US_Navy_030423-N-6967M-090_A_central_computer_system_monitors_the_heart_rates_of_each_patient_in_the_Intensive_Care_Unit_%28ICU%29_to_ensure_a_quick.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1902" data-file-height="1198" /></a><figcaption>ICU nurses monitoring patients from a central computer station. This allows for rapid intervention should a patient's condition deteriorate whilst a member of staff is not immediately at the bedside.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MICU_UZA_Nationaal_Defil%C3%A9_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/MICU_UZA_Nationaal_Defil%C3%A9_2018.jpg/220px-MICU_UZA_Nationaal_Defil%C3%A9_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/MICU_UZA_Nationaal_Defil%C3%A9_2018.jpg/330px-MICU_UZA_Nationaal_Defil%C3%A9_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/MICU_UZA_Nationaal_Defil%C3%A9_2018.jpg/440px-MICU_UZA_Nationaal_Defil%C3%A9_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3313" data-file-height="2485" /></a><figcaption>Mobile ICU of the university hospital in <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Equipment_and_systems">Equipment and systems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intensive_care_unit&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Equipment and systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Common equipment in an ICU includes <a href="/wiki/Mechanical_ventilator" class="mw-redirect" title="Mechanical ventilator">mechanical ventilators</a> to assist breathing through an <a href="/wiki/Tracheal_intubation" title="Tracheal intubation">endotracheal tube</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Tracheostomy_tube" class="mw-redirect" title="Tracheostomy tube">tracheostomy tube</a>; cardiac monitors for monitoring Cardiac condition; equipment for the constant <a href="/wiki/Medical_monitors" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical monitors">monitoring</a> of bodily functions; a web of <a href="/wiki/Intravenous_fluids" class="mw-redirect" title="Intravenous fluids">intravenous lines</a>, feeding tubes, <a href="/wiki/Nasogastric_intubation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasogastric intubation">nasogastric tubes</a>, suction pumps, drains, and <a href="/wiki/Catheters" class="mw-redirect" title="Catheters">catheters</a>, syringe pumps; and a wide array of <a href="/wiki/Pharmacology" title="Pharmacology">drugs</a> to treat the primary condition(s) of hospitalization. <a href="/wiki/Induced_coma" title="Induced coma">Medically induced comas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Analgesic" title="Analgesic">analgesics</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sedation" title="Sedation">induced sedation</a> are common ICU tools needed and used to reduce <a href="/wiki/Pain" title="Pain">pain</a> and prevent <a href="/wiki/Secondary_infection" class="mw-redirect" title="Secondary infection">secondary infections</a>. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Burn_recovery_bed" title="Burn recovery bed">Burn recovery bed</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Quality_of_care">Quality of care</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intensive_care_unit&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Quality of care"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The available data suggests a relation between ICU volume and quality of care for mechanically ventilated patients.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After adjustment for severity of illnesses, <a href="/wiki/Demography" title="Demography">demographic</a> variables, and characteristics of different ICUs (including staffing by intensivists), higher ICU staffing was significantly associated with lower ICU and hospital <a href="/wiki/Mortality_rate" title="Mortality rate">mortality rates</a>. A ratio of 2 patients to 1 nurse is recommended for a medical ICU, which contrasts to the ratio of 4:1 or 5:1 typically seen on medical floors. This varies from country to country, though; e.g., in Australia and the United Kingdom, most ICUs are staffed on a 2:1 basis (for high-dependency patients who require closer monitoring or more intensive treatment than a hospital ward can offer) or on a 1:1 basis for patients requiring extreme intensive support and monitoring; for example, a patient on multiple vasoactive medications to keep their blood pressure high enough to perfuse tissue. The patient may require multiple machines; Examples: continuous dialysis <a href="/wiki/Hemofiltration" title="Hemofiltration">CRRT</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Intra-aortic_balloon_pump" title="Intra-aortic balloon pump">intra-aortic balloon pump</a>, <a href="/wiki/ECMO" class="mw-redirect" title="ECMO">ECMO</a>. </p><p>International guidelines recommend that every patient gets checked for <a href="/wiki/Delirium" title="Delirium">delirium</a> every day (usually twice or as much required) using a validated clinical tool. The two most widely used are the <a href="/wiki/Confusion_Assessment_Method" title="Confusion Assessment Method">Confusion Assessment Method</a> for the ICU (CAM-ICU) and the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC). There are translations of these tools in over 20 languages and they are used globally in many ICU's.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nurses are the largest group of healthcare professionals working in ICUs. There are findings which have demonstrated that nursing leadership styles have impact on ICU quality measures <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> particularly structural and outcomes measures. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operational_logistics">Operational logistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intensive_care_unit&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Operational logistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the United States, up to 20% of hospital beds can be labelled as intensive-care beds; in the United Kingdom, intensive care usually will comprise only up to 2% of total beds. This high disparity is attributed to admission of patients in the UK only when considered the most severely ill.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Intensive care is an expensive healthcare service. A recent study conducted in the United States found that hospital stays involving ICU services were 2.5 times more costly than other hospital stays.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the United Kingdom in 2003–04, the average cost of funding an intensive care unit was:<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>£838 per bed per day for a neonatal intensive care unit</li> <li>£1,702 per bed per day for a pediatric intensive care unit</li> <li>£1,328 per bed per day for an adult intensive care unit</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Remote_collaboration_systems">Remote collaboration systems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intensive_care_unit&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Remote collaboration systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some hospitals have installed teleconferencing systems that allow doctors and nurses at a central facility (either in the same building, at a central location serving several local hospitals, or in rural locations another more urban facility) to collaborate with on-site staff and speak with patients (a form of [telemedicine]). This is variously called an <i>eICU</i>, <i>virtual ICU</i>, or <i>tele-ICU</i>. Remote staff typically have access to vital signs from live monitoring systems, and telectronic health records so they may have access to a broader view of a patient's medical history. Often bedside and remote staff have met in person and may rotate responsibilities. Such systems are beneficial to intensive care units in order to ensure correct procedures are being followed for patients vulnerable to deterioration, to access vital signs remotely in order to keep patients that would have to be transferred to a larger facility if need be he/she may have demonstrated a significant decrease in stability.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intensive_care_unit&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ICU_quality_and_management_tools" title="ICU quality and management tools">ICU quality and management tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intensive_Care_Foundation" title="Intensive Care Foundation">Intensive Care Foundation</a>, a charity in Australia and New Zealand</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intensive_Care_Medicine_(journal)" title="Intensive Care Medicine (journal)"><i>Intensive Care Medicine</i> (journal)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neonatal_intensive_care_unit" title="Neonatal intensive care unit">Neonatal intensive care unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open-source_ventilator" title="Open-source ventilator">Open-source ventilator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pediatric_intensive_care_unit" title="Pediatric intensive care unit">Pediatric intensive care unit</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intensive_care_unit&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSmith2013" class="citation web cs1">Smith, S. E. (2013-03-24). Bronwyn Harris (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-an-icu.htm">"What is an ICU"</a>. <i>wiseGEEK</i>. Sparks, Nevada: Conjecture Corporation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-06-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wiseGEEK&rft.atitle=What+is+an+ICU&rft.date=2013-03-24&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=S.+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wisegeek.com%2Fwhat-is-an-icu.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntensive+care+unit" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReisner-Sénélar2009" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Reisner-Sénélar, L. (2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/999147323/34">"Der dänische Anästhesist Björn Ibsen ein Pionier der Langzeitbeatmung über die oberen Luftwege"</a>, <i>Doctoral Thesis</i> (in German), Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/600186486">600186486</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Doctoral+Thesis&rft.atitle=Der+d%C3%A4nische+An%C3%A4sthesist+Bj%C3%B6rn+Ibsen+ein+Pionier+der+Langzeitbeatmung+%C3%BCber+die+oberen+Luftwege&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F600186486&rft.aulast=Reisner-S%C3%A9n%C3%A9lar&rft.aufirst=L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fd-nb.info%2F999147323%2F34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntensive+care+unit" class="Z3988"></span>. Translation of introduction available here <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/7334">[1]</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReisner-Sénélar2009" class="citation web cs1">Reisner-Sénélar, L. 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"A Second Set of Eyes: An Introduction to Tele-ICU". <i>Crit Care Nurse</i>. <b>30</b> (4): 46–55. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4037%2Fccn2010283">10.4037/ccn2010283</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20675821">20675821</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:43905861">43905861</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Crit+Care+Nurse&rft.atitle=A+Second+Set+of+Eyes%3A+An+Introduction+to+Tele-ICU&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=46-55&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A43905861%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20675821&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4037%2Fccn2010283&rft.aulast=Goran&rft.aufirst=Susan+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntensive+care+unit" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intensive_care_unit&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLois_ReynoldsTilli_Tansey2011" class="citation book cs1">Lois Reynolds; <a href="/wiki/Tilli_Tansey" title="Tilli Tansey">Tilli Tansey</a>, eds. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.histmodbiomed.org/witsem/vol42"><i>History of British Intensive Care, c. 1950–c. 2000</i></a>. Wellcome Witnesses to Contemporary Medicine. <a href="/wiki/History_of_Modern_Biomedicine_Research_Group" title="History of Modern Biomedicine Research Group">History of Modern Biomedicine Research Group</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-902238-75-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-902238-75-6"><bdi>978-0-902238-75-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/WDQ_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="WDQ (identifier)">Wikidata</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29581786" class="extiw" title="d:Q29581786">Q29581786</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+British+Intensive+Care%2C+c.+1950%E2%80%93c.+2000&rft.series=Wellcome+Witnesses+to+Contemporary+Medicine&rft.pub=History+of+Modern+Biomedicine+Research+Group&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-902238-75-6&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.histmodbiomed.org%2Fwitsem%2Fvol42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntensive+care+unit" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intensive_care_unit&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Intensive-care_units" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Intensive-care units">Intensive-care units</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Intensive-care/Pages/Introduction.aspx">"Intensive Care"</a>. <i>NHS choices</i>. UK: <a href="/wiki/National_Health_Service" title="National Health Service">National Health Service</a>. 2017-10-18.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NHS+choices&rft.atitle=Intensive+Care&rft.date=2017-10-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhs.uk%2FConditions%2FIntensive-care%2FPages%2FIntroduction.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntensive+care+unit" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/criticalcare.html">"Critical Care"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/MedlinePlus" title="MedlinePlus">MedlinePlus</a></i>. US: <a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Library_of_Medicine" title="United States National Library of Medicine">National Library of Medicine</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">National Institutes of Health</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MedlinePlus&rft.atitle=Critical+Care&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nlm.nih.gov%2Fmedlineplus%2Fcriticalcare.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntensive+care+unit" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sccm.org">Society of Critical Care Medicine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icusteps.org">ICUsteps – Intensive care patient support charity</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vibha.info">Organisation for Critical Care Transportation</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110904174352/http://www.vibha.info/">Archived</a> 2011-09-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReynoldsRogoveBanderMcCambridge2011" class="citation journal cs1">Reynolds, H.N.; Rogove, H.; Bander, J.; McCambridge, M.; et al. (December 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90470/1/tmj-2E2011-2E0045.pdf">"A working lexicon for the tele-intensive care unit: We need to define tele-intensive care unit to grow and understand it"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Telemedicine and E-Health</i>. <b>17</b> (10): 773–783. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1089%2Ftmj.2011.0045">10.1089/tmj.2011.0045</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42%2F90470">2027.42/90470</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22029748">22029748</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Telemedicine+and+E-Health.&rft.atitle=A+working+lexicon+for+the+tele-intensive+care+unit%3A+We+need+to+define+tele-intensive+care+unit+to+grow+and+understand+it&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=773-783&rft.date=2011-12&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027.42%2F90470&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22029748&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1089%2Ftmj.2011.0045&rft.aulast=Reynolds&rft.aufirst=H.N.&rft.au=Rogove%2C+H.&rft.au=Bander%2C+J.&rft.au=McCambridge%2C+M.&rft.au=Cowboy%2C+E.&rft.au=Niemeier%2C+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeepblue.lib.umich.edu%2Fbitstream%2F2027.42%2F90470%2F1%2Ftmj-2E2011-2E0045.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntensive+care+unit" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlsonBraselRedmannAlexander2013" class="citation journal cs1">Olson, Terrah J. Paul; Brasel, Karen J.; Redmann, Andrew J.; Alexander, G. Caleb; Schwarze, Margaret L. (January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3624604">"Surgeon-Reported Conflict With Intensivists About Postoperative Goals of Care"</a>. <i>JAMA Surgery</i>. <b>148</b> (1): 29–35. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjamasurgery.2013.403">10.1001/jamasurgery.2013.403</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3624604">3624604</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23324837">23324837</a>.</cite><span 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specialities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Respiratory_therapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Respiratory therapy">Respiratory therapy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General terms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Intensive care unit</a> (ICU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neonatal_intensive_care_unit" title="Neonatal intensive care unit">Neonatal intensive care unit</a> (NICU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pediatric_intensive_care_unit" title="Pediatric intensive care unit">Pediatric intensive care unit</a> (PICU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronary_care_unit" title="Coronary care unit">Coronary care unit</a> (CCU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critical_illness_insurance" title="Critical illness insurance">Critical illness insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geriatric_intensive-care_unit" title="Geriatric intensive-care unit">Geriatric intensive-care unit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organ system failure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Shock sequence</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Systemic_inflammatory_response_syndrome" title="Systemic inflammatory response syndrome">SIRS</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sepsis" title="Sepsis">Sepsis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sepsis#Definitions" title="Sepsis">Severe sepsis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Septic_shock" title="Septic shock">Septic shock</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Multiple_organ_dysfunction_syndrome" title="Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome">Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Other <a href="/wiki/Shock_(circulatory)" title="Shock (circulatory)">shock</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cardiogenic_shock" title="Cardiogenic shock">Cardiogenic shock</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Distributive_shock" title="Distributive shock">Distributive shock</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Anaphylaxis" title="Anaphylaxis">Anaphylaxis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Obstructive_shock" title="Obstructive shock">Obstructive shock</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Neurogenic_shock" title="Neurogenic shock">Neurogenic shock</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Spinal_shock" title="Spinal shock">Spinal shock</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vasodilatory_shock" title="Vasodilatory shock">Vasodilatory shock</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Organ_dysfunction" title="Organ dysfunction">Organ failure</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Acute_kidney_injury" title="Acute kidney injury">Acute renal failure</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Acute_respiratory_distress_syndrome" title="Acute respiratory distress syndrome">Acute respiratory distress syndrome</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Acute_liver_failure" title="Acute liver failure">Acute liver failure</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Respiratory_failure" title="Respiratory failure">Respiratory failure</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Multiple_organ_dysfunction_syndrome" title="Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome">Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome</a></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neonatal_infection" title="Neonatal infection">Neonatal infection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytrauma" title="Polytrauma">Polytrauma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coma" title="Coma">Coma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Complications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Critical_illness_polyneuropathy" title="Critical illness polyneuropathy">Critical illness polyneuropathy</a> / myopathy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critical_illness%E2%80%93related_corticosteroid_insufficiency" title="Critical illness–related corticosteroid insufficiency">Critical illness–related corticosteroid insufficiency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressure_ulcer" title="Pressure ulcer">Decubitus ulcers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fungemia" title="Fungemia">Fungemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stress_hyperglycemia" title="Stress hyperglycemia">Stress hyperglycemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stress_ulcer" title="Stress ulcer">Stress ulcer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iatrogenesis" title="Iatrogenesis">Iatrogenesis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methicillin-resistant_Staphylococcus_aureus" title="Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus">Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxygen_toxicity" title="Oxygen toxicity">Oxygen toxicity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refeeding_syndrome" title="Refeeding syndrome">Refeeding syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventilator-associated_lung_injury" title="Ventilator-associated lung injury">Ventilator-associated lung injury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventilator-associated_pneumonia" title="Ventilator-associated pneumonia">Ventilator-associated pneumonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemodialysis#Complications" title="Hemodialysis">Dialytrauma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diagnosis</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arterial_blood_gas_test" title="Arterial blood gas test">Arterial blood gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catheter" title="Catheter">Catheter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arterial_line" title="Arterial line">Arterial line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_venous_catheter" title="Central venous catheter">Central venous catheter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_artery_catheter" title="Pulmonary artery catheter">Pulmonary artery catheter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_culture" title="Blood culture">Blood cultures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screening_cultures" title="Screening cultures">Screening cultures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Life_support" title="Life support">Life-supporting treatments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airway_management" title="Airway management">Airway management</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mechanical_ventilation" title="Mechanical ventilation">mechanical ventilation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tracheal_intubation" title="Tracheal intubation">Tracheal intubation</a></li></ul></li> <li>Cardiac devices <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intra-aortic_balloon_pump" title="Intra-aortic balloon pump">Intra-aortic balloon pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventricular_assist_device" title="Ventricular assist device">Ventricular assist device</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chest_tube" title="Chest tube">Chest tube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidney_dialysis" title="Kidney dialysis">Kidney dialysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_goal-directed_therapy" title="Early goal-directed therapy">Early goal-directed therapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Induced_coma" title="Induced coma">Induced coma</a></li> <li>Nutritional supplementation <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feeding_tube" title="Feeding tube">Enteral feeding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parenteral_nutrition" title="Parenteral nutrition">Total parenteral nutrition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Targeted_temperature_management" title="Targeted temperature management">Therapeutic hypothermia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Drugs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Analgesic" title="Analgesic">Analgesics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antibiotic" title="Antibiotic">Antibiotics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antithrombotic" title="Antithrombotic">Antithrombotics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inotrope" title="Inotrope">Inotropes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intravenous_therapy" title="Intravenous therapy">Intravenous fluids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuromuscular-blocking_drug" title="Neuromuscular-blocking drug">Neuromuscular-blocking drugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drotrecogin_alfa" title="Drotrecogin alfa">Recombinant activated protein C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedative" title="Sedative">Sedatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stress_ulcer_prevention" class="mw-redirect" title="Stress ulcer prevention">Stress ulcer prevention</a> drugs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antihypotensive_agent" class="mw-redirect" title="Antihypotensive agent">Vasopressors</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Medical_scoring" title="Medical scoring">ICU scoring systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/APACHE_II" title="APACHE II">APACHE II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Coma_Scale" title="Glasgow Coma Scale">Glasgow Coma Scale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PIM2" title="PIM2">PIM2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAPS_II" title="SAPS II">SAPS II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAPS_III" title="SAPS III">SAPS III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOFA_score" title="SOFA score">SOFA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Physiology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hemodynamics" title="Hemodynamics">Hemodynamics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypotension" title="Hypotension">Hypotension</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altered_level_of_consciousness" title="Altered level of consciousness">Level of consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acid%E2%80%93base_disorder" title="Acid–base disorder">Acid–base imbalance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrolyte_imbalance" title="Electrolyte imbalance">Water-electrolyte imbalance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Critical_Care_Medicine" title="Society of Critical Care Medicine">Society of Critical Care Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surviving_Sepsis_Campaign" title="Surviving Sepsis Campaign">Surviving Sepsis Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Society_of_Paediatric_and_Neonatal_Intensive_Care" title="European Society of Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care">European Society of Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related specialties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anesthesiology" title="Anesthesiology">Anesthesiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_medicine" title="Internal medicine">Internal medicine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardiology" title="Cardiology">Cardiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neurology" title="Neurology">Neurology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulmonology" title="Pulmonology">Pulmonology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pediatrics" title="Pediatrics">Pediatrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surgery" title="Surgery">Surgery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traumatology" title="Traumatology">Traumatology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Articles_about_hospitals" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hospital_articles" title="Template:Hospital articles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hospital_articles" title="Template talk:Hospital articles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hospital_articles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hospital articles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Articles_about_hospitals" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Articles about <a href="/wiki/Hospital" title="Hospital">hospitals</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/History_of_hospitals" title="History of hospitals">History of hospitals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hospital_network" title="Hospital network">Hospital network</a>, <a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals" title="Category:Hospitals">Category:Hospitals</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Common hospital<br />components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_accreditation" title="Hospital accreditation">Accreditation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_bed" title="Hospital bed">Bed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronary_care_unit" title="Coronary care unit">Coronary care unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_department" title="Emergency department">Emergency department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_emergency_codes" title="Hospital emergency codes">Emergency codes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_administration#Hospital_administrators" title="Health administration">Hospital administrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_information_system" title="Hospital information system">Hospital information system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_medicine" title="Hospital medicine">Hospital medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_museum" title="Hospital museum">Hospital museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_medicine" title="Hospital medicine">Hospitalist</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Intensive care unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nocturnist" title="Nocturnist">Nocturnist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On-call_room" title="On-call room">On-call room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operating_theater" title="Operating theater">Operating theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orderly" title="Orderly">Orderly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patients#Outpatients_and_inpatients" class="mw-redirect" title="Patients">Patients</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_pharmacy" title="Hospital pharmacy">Pharmacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_ward" class="mw-redirect" title="Hospital ward">Wards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Archaic forms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Almshouse" title="Almshouse">Almshouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asclepeion" class="mw-redirect" title="Asclepeion">Asclepeion</a> (Greece)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bimaristan" title="Bimaristan">Bimaristan</a> (Islamic)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cottage_hospital" title="Cottage hospital">Cottage hospital</a> (England)</li> <li>Hôtel-Dieu (France)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_community_of_ancient_Rome#Imperial" title="Medical community of ancient Rome">Valetudinaria</a> (Roman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishya" title="Vaishya">Vaishya</a> lying in houses (India)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenodochium" title="Xenodochium">Xenodochium</a> (Middle Ages)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic service area</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Base_hospital" title="Base hospital">Base hospital</a> (Australia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_hospital" title="Community hospital">Community hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="General hospital">General hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_hospital" title="Regional hospital">Regional hospital</a> or <a href="/wiki/District_hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="District hospital">District hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_hospital" title="Municipal hospital">Municipal hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Complexity of services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Day_hospital" title="Day hospital">Day hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_hospital" title="Secondary hospital">Secondary hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tertiary_referral_hospital" title="Tertiary referral hospital">Tertiary referral hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teaching_hospital" title="Teaching hospital">Teaching hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Specialty_hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Specialty hospital">Specialty hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unique physical traits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_ship" title="Hospital ship">Hospital ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_train" title="Hospital train">Hospital train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile hospital">Mobile hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underground_hospital" title="Underground hospital">Underground hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_Hospital" title="Virtual Hospital">Virtual Hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Limited class of patients</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_hospital" title="Military hospital">Military hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_support_hospital" title="Combat support hospital">Combat support hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_hospital" title="Field hospital">Field hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prison_hospitals" title="Category:Prison hospitals">Prison hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Veterans_Affairs_medical_facilities" title="List of Veterans Affairs medical facilities">Veterans medical facilities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Women%27s_hospitals" title="Category:Women's hospitals">Women's hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Funding</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charitable_hospital" title="Charitable hospital">Charitable hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/For-profit_hospital" title="For-profit hospital">For-profit hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-profit_hospital" title="Non-profit hospital">Non-profit hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_hospital" title="State hospital">State hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_hospital" title="Private hospital">Private hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_hospital" title="Public hospital">Public hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voluntary_hospital" title="Voluntary hospital">Voluntary hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Defunct_hospitals" title="Category:Defunct hospitals">Defunct</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Condition treated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cancer_hospitals" title="Category:Cancer hospitals">Cancer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_hospital" title="Children's hospital">Children's hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Eye_hospitals" title="Category:Eye hospitals">Eye hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fever_hospital" title="Fever hospital">Fever hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leper_colony" title="Leper colony">Leper colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lock_hospital" title="Lock hospital">Lock hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maternity_hospital" title="Maternity hospital">Maternity hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychiatric_hospital" title="Psychiatric hospital">Psychiatric hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehabilitation_hospital" title="Rehabilitation hospital">Rehabilitation hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trauma_center" title="Trauma center">Trauma center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Veterinary_hospitals" title="Category:Veterinary hospitals">Verterinary hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Century established</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_5th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 5th century">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_6th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 6th century">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_7th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 7th century">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_8th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 8th century">8th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_9th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 9th century">9th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_10th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 10th century">10th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_11th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 11th century">11th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_12th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 12th century">12th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_13th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 13th century">13th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_14th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 14th century">14th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_15th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 15th century">15th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_16th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 16th century">16th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_17th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 17th century">17th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_18th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 18th century">18th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_19th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 19th century">19th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_20th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 20th century">20th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_21st_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 21st century">21st</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Lists of hospitals in: <a href="/wiki/Lists_of_hospitals_in_Africa" 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