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นฺหวี่ชู - วิกิพีเดีย
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</div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th" class=""><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ" class=""><span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เครื่องมือส่วนตัว</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="เมนูผู้ใช้" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th"><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> หน้าสำหรับผู้แก้ไขที่ออกจากระบบ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B3" aria-label="เรียนรู้เพิ่มเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไข"><span>เรียนรู้เพิ่มเติม</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="รายการการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ส่วนร่วม</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="อภิปรายเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>คุย</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ไซต์"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="สารบัญ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">สารบัญ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">บทนำ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-อ้างอิง" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#อ้างอิง"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>อ้างอิง</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-อ้างอิง-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="สารบัญ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">นฺหวี่ชู</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ไปที่บทความในภาษาอื่น ซึ่งมีใน 26 ภาษา" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">26 ภาษา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D0%B9-%D1%88%D1%83" title="Нюй-шу – เบลารุส" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нюй-шу" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="เบลารุส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C7%9Ash%C5%AB" title="Nǚshū – เบรตัน" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Nǚshū" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="เบรตัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nushu" title="Nushu – คาตาลัน" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nushu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="คาตาลัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frauenschrift" title="Frauenschrift – เยอรมัน" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Frauenschrift" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="เยอรมัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCshu" title="Nüshu – อังกฤษ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Nüshu" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="อังกฤษ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nu%C5%9Du" title="Nuŝu – เอสเปรันโต" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nuŝu" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="เอสเปรันโต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BC_shu" title="Nü shu – สเปน" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nü shu" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="สเปน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nushu" title="Nushu – บาสก์" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nushu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="บาสก์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%88" title="نوشو – เปอร์เซีย" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نوشو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="เปอร์เซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCshu" title="Nüshu – ฟินแลนด์" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nüshu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ฟินแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCshu" title="Nüshu – ฝรั่งเศส" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nüshu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ฝรั่งเศส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%AA%D7%91_%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%95" title="כתב נושו – ฮิบรู" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כתב נושו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ฮิบรู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BC-su_%C3%ADr%C3%A1s" title="Nü-su írás – ฮังการี" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nü-su írás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ฮังการี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BC_shu" title="Nü shu – อิตาลี" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nü shu" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="อิตาลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E6%9B%B8" title="女書 – ญี่ปุ่น" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="女書" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ญี่ปุ่น" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%AC%EC%84%9C%EB%AC%B8%EC%9E%90" title="여서문자 – เกาหลี" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="여서문자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="เกาหลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCshu" title="Nüshu – ดัตช์" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nüshu" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ดัตช์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCshu" title="Nüshu – โปแลนด์" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nüshu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="โปแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nushu" title="Nushu – โปรตุเกส" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nushu" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="โปรตุเกส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D0%B9-%D1%88%D1%83" title="Нюй-шу – รัสเซีย" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нюй-шу" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="รัสเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCshu" title="Nüshu – สวีเดน" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nüshu" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="สวีเดน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B7%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88" title="நூஷு எழுத்துமுறை – ทมิฬ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நூஷு எழுத்துமுறை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ทมิฬ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCshu" title="Nüshu – ตุรกี" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Nüshu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ตุรกี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D0%B9%D1%88%D1%83" title="Нюйшу – ยูเครน" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нюйшу" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ยูเครน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E1%BB%AF_th%C6%B0" title="Nữ thư – เวียดนาม" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nữ thư" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="เวียดนาม" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E4%B9%A6" title="女书 – จีน" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="女书" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="จีน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q56436#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="แก้ไขลิงก์ข้ามภาษา" class="wbc-editpage">แก้ไขลิงก์</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="เนมสเปซ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9" title="ดูหน้าเนื้อหา [c]" accesskey="c"><span>บทความ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9" rel="discussion" title="อภิปรายเกี่ยวกับหน้าเนื้อหา [t]" accesskey="t"><span>อภิปราย</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เปลี่ยนรูปแบบภาษา" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ไทย</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="ดู"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9"><span>อ่าน</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9&action=edit" title="แก้ไขรหัสต้นฉบับของหน้านี้ [e]" accesskey="e"><span>แก้ไข</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9&action=history" title="แก้ไขเก่าของหน้านี้ [h]" accesskey="h"><span>ดูประวัติ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="หน้าเครื่องมือ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> การกระทำ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9"><span>อ่าน</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9&action=edit" title="แก้ไขรหัสต้นฉบับของหน้านี้ [e]" accesskey="e"><span>แก้ไข</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9&action=history"><span>ดูประวัติ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ทั่วไป </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9" title="รายการหน้าวิกิทุกหน้าที่ลิงก์มาที่นี่ [j]" accesskey="j"><span>หน้าที่ลิงก์มา</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9" rel="nofollow" title="รายการเปลี่ยนแปลงล่าสุดในหน้าที่ลิงก์จากหน้านี้ [k]" accesskey="k"><span>การเปลี่ยนแปลงที่เกี่ยวโยง</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%94" title="อัปโหลดไฟล์ [u]" accesskey="u"><span>อัปโหลดไฟล์</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9" title="รายการหน้าพิเศษทั้งหมด [q]" accesskey="q"><span>หน้าพิเศษ</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9&oldid=11662298" title="ลิงก์ถาวรมารุ่นนี้ของหน้านี้"><span>ลิงก์ถาวร</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9&action=info" title="ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับหน้านี้"><span>สารสนเทศหน้า</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87&page=%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9&id=11662298&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="สารสนเทศเกี่ยวกับวิธีการอ้างอิงหน้านี้"><span>อ้างอิงบทความนี้</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fth.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%25BA%25E0%25B8%25AB%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B9%2588%25E0%25B8%258A%25E0%25B8%25B9"><span>รับยูอาร์แอลแบบสั้น</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fth.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%25BA%25E0%25B8%25AB%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B9%2588%25E0%25B8%258A%25E0%25B8%25B9"><span>ดาวน์โหลดคิวอาร์โค้ด</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> พิมพ์/ส่งออก </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9"><span>สร้างหนังสือ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9&action=show-download-screen"><span>ดาวน์โหลดเป็น PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9&printable=yes" title="รุ่นที่พร้อมพิมพ์ของหน้านี้ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>รุ่นพร้อมพิมพ์</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ในโครงการอื่น </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:N%C3%BCshu_script" hreflang="en"><span>วิกิมีเดียคอมมอนส์</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q56436" title="ลิงก์ไปยังสิ่งนี้ในคลังซึ่งเชื่อมโยงข้อมูลต่าง ๆ เข้าด้วยกัน [g]" accesskey="g"><span>สิ่งนี้ในวิกิสนเทศ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="หน้าเครื่องมือ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="หน้าตา"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">หน้าตา</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">จากวิกิพีเดีย สารานุกรมเสรี</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(เปลี่ยนทางจาก <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B9&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรนหวู่ซู">อักษรนหวู่ซู</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="th" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;padding:0.25em; background:white;">นฺหวี่ชู<br /><div style="font-weight:normal"></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0.4em;padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Nu_shu.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Nu_shu.svg/150px-Nu_shu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Nu_shu.svg/225px-Nu_shu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Nu_shu.svg/300px-Nu_shu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="186" data-file-height="186" /></a></span><div style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;">คำว่า <i>นฺหวี่ชู</i> เขียนด้วยตัวหนังสือนฺหวี่ชู</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.6em;">ชนิด</th><td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.25em"> ตัวหนังสือพยางค์ </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.6em;">ทิศทาง</th><td>แนวตั้งขวาไปซ้าย <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56436?uselang=th#P1406" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.6em;">ภาษาพูด</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xiangnan_Tuhua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xiangnan Tuhua (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Xiangnan Tuhua</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#ddd">ISO 15924</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_15924&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 15924 (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ISO 15924</a></th><td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7800872">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced">Nshu</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7800872"><span class="monospaced">(499)</span>, ​Nüshu</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#ddd"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%94" title="ยูนิโคด">ยูนิโคด</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">ยูนิโคดแฝง</div></th><td>Nushu</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">ช่วงยูนิโคด</div></th><td><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1B170.pdf">U+1B170-U+1B2FF</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">Nushu</span></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U16FE0.pdf">U+16FE0-U+16FFF</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">Ideographic Symbols & Punct.</span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>นฺหวี่ชู</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD" title="อักษรจีนตัวย่อ">จีนตัวย่อ</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">女书</span>; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%A1" title="อักษรจีนตัวเต็ม">จีนตัวเต็ม</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">女書</span>; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="พินอิน">พินอิน</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn-pinyin">Nǚshū</span></i>; 𛆁𛈬 <i>หนังสือผู้หญิง</i>) เป็นชุดตัวหนังสือพยางค์ที่ประดิษฐ์และใช้โดยผู้หญิงใน<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%91%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="มณฑลเหอหนาน">มณฑลเหอหนาน</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศจีน">ประเทศจีน</a> ผู้หญิงถูกกีดกันจากระบบการศึกษาที่เป็นทางการเป็นเวลาหลายศตวรรษ และได้พัฒนานฺหวี่ชูเพิ่อใช้ระหว่างกัน ตัวหนังสือนี้ใช้ปักลงบนผ้าหรือเขียนลงหนังสือและพัดกระดาษ ใช้ในการประดิษฐ์ซัน เชา ชุ หรือสารวันที่สามที่เป็นหนังสือขนาดเล็ก ห่อด้วยผ้าที่แม่จะมอบให้ลูกสาวในวันแต่งงานหรือเพื่อนผู้หญิงที่สนิทกัน ซัน เชา ชุ ประกอบด้วยบทเพลง ความหวังและความปวดร้าว ผู้หญิงจะได้หนังสือนี้ในวันที่สามหลังการแต่งงาน ผู้เชี่ยวชาญนฺหวี่ชูคนสุดท้าย ยัง ฮวนยี เสียชีวิตเมื่อวันที่ 20 กันยายน พ.ศ. 2547 ขณะอายุได้ 98 ปี ปัจจุบันมีผู้ให้ความสนใจนฺหวี่ชูและผู้หญิงหันมาเรียนตัวหนังสือนี้เพื่อนำมาใช้อีกครั้ง </p><p>นฺหวี่ชูนี้มีสัญลักษณ์ 1,800–2,500 ตัว เขียนในแนวตั้งจากบนลงล่าง และจากขวาไปซ้าย มีพื้นฐานมาจาก<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรจีน">อักษรจีน</a> มีการสอนกันเฉพาะในหมู่ผู้หญิงเท่านั้น ใช้เขียนสำเนียงเฉิงกวาน (<span title="ข้อความภาษาจีน"><span lang="zh">城關</span></span>, <span title="ข้อความภาษาจีนกลาง"><i lang="cmn">Chéngguān</i></span>) ของ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" class="mw-redirect" title="ภาษาจีนฮกเกี้ยน">ภาษาจีนฮกเกี้ยน</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="อ้างอิง"><span id=".E0.B8.AD.E0.B9.89.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.87.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.87"></span>อ้างอิง</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9&action=edit&section=1" title="แก้ไขส่วน: อ้างอิง"><span>แก้</span></a><span 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href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:EditPage/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="พิเศษ:EditPage/แม่แบบ:ระบบการเขียน"><abbr title="แก้ไขแม่แบบนี้" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">ก</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="ระบบการเขียน" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="ระบบการเขียน">ระบบการเขียน</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3" title="ประวัติศาสตร์อักษร">ประวัติศาสตร์อักษร</a></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Six_glyphs.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Six_glyphs.svg/75px-Six_glyphs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Six_glyphs.svg/113px-Six_glyphs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Six_glyphs.svg/150px-Six_glyphs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="80" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">รายชื่อ</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87_%E0%B9%86_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3" title="รายชื่ออักษรในภาษาต่าง ๆ แบ่งตามชนิดอักษร">แบ่งตามชนิดอักษร</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87_%E0%B9%86_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="รายชื่ออักษรในภาษาต่าง ๆ แบ่งตามทิศทางการเขียน">แบ่งตามทิศทางการเขียน</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0" title="อักษรไร้สระ">อักษรไร้สระ</a> <br /> (Abjad)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="อักษรซัลเตอร์">ซัลเตอร์</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ชุดตัวอักษรซอกเดีย">ซอกเดีย</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรซาบาเอียน">ซาบาเอียน</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรซามาริทัน">ซามาริทัน</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81" title="ชุดตัวอักษรซีรีแอก">ซีรีแอก</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AA_%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8" title="อักษรดิเวส อกุรุ">ดิเวส อกุรุ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84" title="อักษรทิฟินาค">ทิฟินาค</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2" title="ชุดตัวอักษรแนบาทีอา">แนบาทีอา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรเบอร์เบอร์โบราณ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เบอร์เบอร์โบราณ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="อักษรเปอร์เซียกลาง">เปอร์เซียกลาง</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรพาร์เทียน">พาร์เทียน</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ชุดตัวอักษรฟินิเชีย">ฟินิเชีย</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="อักษรมันดาอิก">มันดาอิก</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรยาวี">ยาวี</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรยูการิติก">ยูการิติก</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="ชุดตัวอักษรแอราเมอิก">แอราเมอิก</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรอาระเบียใต้">อาระเบียใต้</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A" title="ชุดตัวอักษรอาหรับ">อาหรับ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9" title="ชุดตัวอักษรฮีบรู">ฮีบรู</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรฮีบรูระยะแรก">ฮีบรูระยะแรก</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="ไฮเออโรกลีฟอียิปต์">ไฮเออโรกลีฟอียิปต์</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A" title="อักษรสระประกอบ">อักษรสระประกอบ</a> <br /> (Abugidas)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5" title="ตระกูลอักษรพราหมี">ตระกูลอักษรพราหมี</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B0" title="อักษรกทัมพะ">กทัมพะ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B0" title="อักษรกลิงคะ">กลิงคะ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4" title="อักษรกวิ">กวิ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรกะยา">กะยา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรกันนาดา">กันนาดา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรกันนาดาโบราณ">กันนาดาโบราณ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B5" title="อักษรไกถี">ไกถี</a> 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรซุนดา (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ซุนดา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรซุนดาโบราณ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ซุนดาโบราณ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรโซยอมโบ">โซยอมโบ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AA_%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8" title="อักษรดิเวส อกุรุ">ดิเวส อกุรุ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรตกริ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ตกริ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรตักบันวา">ตักบันวา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรเตลุกุ">เตลุกุ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรโทแคเรียน">โทแคเรียน</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AC" title="อักษรทมิฬ">ทมิฬ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%95" title="อักษรทิเบต">ทิเบต</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5" title="อักษรเทวนาครี">เทวนาครี</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%94" title="อักษรไทเวียด">ไทเวียด</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%87" title="อักษรไทใต้คง">ไทใต้คง</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2" title="อักษรไทย">ไทย</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9D%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1" title="อักษรไทยฝักขาม">ฝักขาม</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรไทยนิเทศ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ไทยนิเทศ</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2" title="อักษรไทน้อย">ไทน้อย</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD" title="อักษรไทลื้อ">ไทลื้อ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%8D%E0%B9%88" title="อักษรไทใหญ่">ไทใหญ่</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1" title="อักษรไทอาหม">ไทอาหม</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรธรรมล้านนา">ธรรมล้านนา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7" title="อักษรธรรมลาว">ธรรมลาว</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรเนปาล (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เนปาล</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81" title="อักษรบาตัก">บาตัก</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรไบบายิน">ไบบายิน</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5" title="อักษรบาหลี">บาหลี</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94" title="อักษรบูฮิด">บูฮิด</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรเบงกอล">เบงกอล</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B0" title="อักษรปัลลวะ">ปัลลวะ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรพม่า">พม่า</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5" title="อักษรพราหมี">พราหมี</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C-%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรพักส์-ปา">พักส์-ปา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87" title="อักษรม้ง">ม้ง</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0" title="อักษรมณีปุระ">มณีปุระ</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8D" title="อักษรมอญ">มอญ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AC%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1" title="อักษรมลยาฬัม">มลยาฬัม</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรมิถิลักศาร์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">มิถิลักศาร์</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%91%E0%B8%B5" title="อักษรโมฑี">โมฑี</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรรัญชนา">รัญชนา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87" title="อักษรเรอจัง">เรอจัง</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรลนตารา">ลนตารา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%91%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรลัณฑา">ลัณฑา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรล้านนา">ล้านนา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7" title="อักษรลาว">ลาว</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B9" title="อักษรลิมบู">ลิมบู</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรเลปชา">เลปชา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4" title="อักษรวรังจิติ">วรังจิติ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรศารทา">ศารทา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%8F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="อักษรเสาราษฏร์">เสาราษฏร์</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5" title="อักษรสิงหล">สิงหล</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1" title="อักษรสิทธัม">สิทธัม</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%8F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5" title="อักษรสิเลฏินาครี">สิเลฏินาครี</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87_%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%87" title="อักษรโสรัง สมเป็ง">โสรัง สมเป็ง</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรโอริยา">โอริยา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD" title="อักษรฮานูโนโอ">ฮานูโนโอ</a> <b>·</b>  <br /> <b>อื่น ๆ</b>: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%8B" title="อักษรกืออึซ">กืออึซ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0" title="อักษรทานะ">ทานะ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรเบรลล์ญี่ปุ่น (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เบรลล์ญี่ปุ่น</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94" title="อักษรพอลลาร์ด">พอลลาร์ด</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="อักษรเมรอยติก">เมรอยติก</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boyd%27s_Syllabic_Shorthand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boyd's Syllabic Shorthand (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Boyd's Syllabic Shorthand</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hebrew_cursive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hebrew cursive (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Hebrew cursive</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pitman_Shorthand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pitman Shorthand (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Pitman Shorthand</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Natural_Shorthand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Natural Shorthand (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Thomas Natural Shorthand</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0-%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรสระ-พยัญชนะ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">อักษรสระ-พยัญชนะ</a> <br /> (Alphabets)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Linear</b>: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรกรีก">กรีก</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="อักษรกลาโกลิติก">กลาโกลิติก</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรกอธิก">กอธิก</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรคอปติก">คอปติก</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="อักษรจอร์เจีย">จอร์เจีย</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="จู้อิน">จู้อิน</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="อักษรซีริลลิก">ซีริลลิก</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84" title="อักษรทิฟินาค">ทิฟินาค</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD" title="อักษรไทลื้อ">ไทลื้อ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรบัสซา">บัสซา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9" title="อักษรเบยทากุกจู">เบยทากุกจู</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรโบสถ์สลาโวนิกโบราณ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">โบสถ์สลาโวนิกโบราณ</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93" title="อักษรเปอร์มิกโบราณ">เปอร์มิกโบราณ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="อักษรฟราเซอร์">ฟราเซอร์</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="อักษรมองโกเลีย">มองโกเลีย</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรแมนจู">แมนจู</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรรูน">รูน</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรรูนฮังการี">รูนฮังการี</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรละติน">ละติน</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="อักษรเวเนติก">เวเนติก</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5" title="อักษรสันถาลี">สันถาลี</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="สัทอักษรสากล">สัทอักษรสากล</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรอเวสตะ">อเวสตะ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรออร์คอน">ออร์คอน</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ชุดตัวอักษรอาร์มีเนีย">อาร์มีเนีย</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรอิตาลีโบราณ">อิตาลีโบราณ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="ชุดตัวอักษรอิสมาน">อิสมาน</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรอีทรัสคัน">อีทรัสคัน</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81" title="อักษรอึนโก">อึนโก</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรเอลบ์ซาน">เอลบ์ซาน</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1" title="อักษรโอคัม">โอคัม</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8A" title="อักษรไอริช">ไอริช</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%A5" title="อักษรฮันกึล">ฮันกึล</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Greco-Iberian_alphabet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greco-Iberian alphabet (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Greco-Iberian alphabet</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandaic_alphabet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mandaic alphabet (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Mandaic</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ol_Chiki_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ol Chiki script (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Ol Chiki</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shavian_alphabet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shavian alphabet (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Shavian alphabet</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Visible_Speech&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visible Speech (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Visible Speech</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ชวเลขเกรกก์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ชวเลขเกรกก์</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ชวเลขกาเบลสแบร์เกอร์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ชวเลขกาเบลสแบร์เกอร์</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ชวเลขอีเคลกติก (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ชวเลขอีเคลกติก</a> <b>·</b> <br /> <b>Non-linear</b>: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C" title="อักษรเบรลล์">เบรลล์</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรเบรลล์ฮีบรู (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เบรลล์ฮีบรู</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรเบรลล์เกาหลี (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เบรลล์เกาหลี</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AA" title="รหัสมอร์ส">รหัสมอร์ส</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="การตีธงสัญญาณ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">การตีธงสัญญาณ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/International_maritime_signal_flags" class="mw-redirect" title="International maritime signal flags">ธงประมวลสากล</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Point&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New York Point (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">New York Point</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaphore_line&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Semaphore line (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Semaphore line</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรคติ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">อักษรคติ</a>และ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรภาพ">อักษรภาพ</a> <br /> (Ideograms &<br /> Pictograms)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรตงปา">ตงปา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Blissymbol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blissymbol (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Blissymbol</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=DanceWriting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DanceWriting (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">DanceWriting</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mi%27kmaq_hieroglyphic_writing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mi'kmaq hieroglyphic writing (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Mi'kmaq</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Epoch_Notation_Painting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New Epoch Notation Painting (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">New Epoch Notation Painting</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=SignWriting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SignWriting (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">SignWriting</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรคำ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">อักษรคำ</a> <br /> (Logograms)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>พื้นฐานจากอียิปต์</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรเดโมติก (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เดโมติก</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="เฮียราติก (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เฮียราติก</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="ไฮโรกลิฟ">ไฮโรกลิฟ</a> <br /> <p><b>พื้นฐานจากพยางค์</b>: <b>อักษรในอานาโตเลีย</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรคาเรีย">คาเรีย</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรลิเชีย">ลิเชีย</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="อักษรลิเดีย">ลิเดีย</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรลูเวีย">ลูเวีย</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1" title="อักษรรูปลิ่ม">รูปลิ่ม</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="อักษรซูเมอร์">ซูเมอร์</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%94" title="อักษรแอกแคด">แอกแคด</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="อักษรอีลาไมต์">อีลาไมต์</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรตงปา">ตงปา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%95" title="อักษรตังกุต">ตังกุต</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรมายา">มายา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรอี้">อี้</a><br /> <b>พื้นฐานจากอักษรจีน</b>: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B4" title="คันจิ">คันจิ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรคีตัน">คีตัน</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรจีน">อักษรจีน</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%A1" title="อักษรจีนตัวเต็ม">ตัวเต็ม</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD" title="อักษรจีนตัวย่อ">ตัวย่อ</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A1" title="จื๋อโนม">จื๋อโนม</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรจูร์เชน">จูร์เชน</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5" title="อักษรน่าซี">น่าซี</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="สือดิบผู้จ่อง">สือดิบผู้จ่อง</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="ฮันจา">ฮันจา</a> <br /> </p> <b>อื่น ๆ</b>: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="ระบบการเขียนในอเมริกากลาง">อเมริกากลาง</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรวินคา">วินคา</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B6%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรกึ่งพยางค์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">อักษรกึ่งพยางค์</a> <br /> (Semi-syllabaries)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Full semi-syllabaries</b>: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="จู้อิน">จู้อิน</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรเซลติเบเรียน">เซลติเบเรียน</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="อักษรไอบีเรีย">ไอบีเรีย</a> <br /> <b>Redundant semi-syllabaries</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Southwestern_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Southwestern script (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Southwestern script</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรพยางค์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">อักษรพยางค์</a> <br /> (Syllabaries)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5" title="อักษรกเปลเล">กเปลเล</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="คะตะกะนะ">คะตะกะนะ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%8C" title="อักษรกลุ่มเกาะแคโรไลน์">แคโรไลน์</a>  <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA" title="อักษรไซปรัส">ไซปรัส</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรนดยุกา">นดยุกา</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรนหวู่ซู">นหวู่ซู</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93" class="mw-redirect" 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