CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>911 (emergency telephone number) - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"2554a5f3-3e13-4e61-9f37-862be9a48fbf","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"911_(emergency_telephone_number)","wgTitle":"911 (emergency telephone number)","wgCurRevisionId":1259710716,"wgRevisionId":1259710716,"wgArticleId":146296,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)","Webarchive template wayback links","CS1 Mexican Spanish-language sources (es-mx)","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use mdy dates from May 2022","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from October 2024","Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2008","All articles containing potentially dated statements", "Articles needing additional references from February 2018","All articles needing additional references","Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018","N11 codes","Emergency telephone numbers","Telecommunications-related introductions in 1968","Federal Communications Commission","Three-digit telephone numbers","Telephone numbers in the United States"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"911_(emergency_telephone_number)","wgRelevantArticleId":146296,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search": true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q533806","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready", "jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking" ];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/FEMA_-_7976_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_05-14-2003_in_Tennessee.jpg/1200px-FEMA_-_7976_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_05-14-2003_in_Tennessee.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="798"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/FEMA_-_7976_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_05-14-2003_in_Tennessee.jpg/800px-FEMA_-_7976_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_05-14-2003_in_Tennessee.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="532"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/FEMA_-_7976_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_05-14-2003_in_Tennessee.jpg/640px-FEMA_-_7976_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_05-14-2003_in_Tennessee.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="426"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="911 (emergency telephone number) - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/911_(emergency_telephone_number)"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/911_(emergency_telephone_number)"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-911_emergency_telephone_number rootpage-911_emergency_telephone_number skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enhanced_911" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enhanced_911"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Enhanced 911</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enhanced_911-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Computer-aided_dispatch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Computer-aided_dispatch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Computer-aided dispatch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Computer-aided_dispatch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Funding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Problems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Problems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Problems</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Problems-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Problems subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Problems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Inactive_telephones" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inactive_telephones"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Inactive telephones</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inactive_telephones-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cell_phones" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cell_phones"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Cell phones</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cell_phones-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Internet_telephony" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Internet_telephony"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Internet telephony</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Internet_telephony-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Emergencies_across_jurisdictions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emergencies_across_jurisdictions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Emergencies across jurisdictions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emergencies_across_jurisdictions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">911 (emergency telephone number)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 23 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/911_(%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A6)" title="911 (رقم هاتف الطوارئ) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="911 (رقم هاتف الطوارئ)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/911_(tel%C3%A9fono)" title="911 (teléfono) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="911 (teléfono)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/911_(kriza_telefonnumero)" title="911 (kriza telefonnumero) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="911 (kriza telefonnumero)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/911_(num%C3%A9ro_d%27appel_d%27urgence)" title="911 (numéro d'appel d'urgence) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="911 (numéro d'appel d'urgence)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/911_(%EC%9D%91%EA%B8%89_%EC%A0%84%ED%99%94%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8)" title="911 (응급 전화번호) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="911 (응급 전화번호)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-1-1" title="9-1-1 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="9-1-1" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/911_(numero_di_emergenza)" title="911 (numero di emergenza) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="911 (numero di emergenza)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/911_(%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%93_%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D)" title="911 (מוקד חירום) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="911 (מוקד חירום)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-1-1" title="9-1-1 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="9-1-1" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/911%E7%95%AA" title="911番 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="911番" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/911_(n%C3%BAmero_de_emerg%C3%AAncia)" title="911 (número de emergência) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="911 (número de emergência)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-1-1" title="9-1-1 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="9-1-1" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/911_(n%C3%B9meru_de_emerz%C3%A8ntzia_in_IAA_e_C%C3%A0nada)" title="911 (nùmeru de emerzèntzia in IAA e Cànada) – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="911 (nùmeru de emerzèntzia in IAA e Cànada)" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-1-1" title="9-1-1 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="9-1-1" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-1-1" title="9-1-1 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="9-1-1" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A9%D9%A1%D9%A1_(%DA%98%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95_%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%84%DB%95%D9%81%DB%86%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C)" title="٩١١ (ژمارە تەلەفۆنی فریاگوزاری) – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="٩١١ (ژمارە تەلەفۆنی فریاگوزاری)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/911_(telefonnummer)" title="911 (telefonnummer) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="911 (telefonnummer)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/911_(acil_telefon_numaras%C4%B1)" title="911 (acil telefon numarası) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="911 (acil telefon numarası)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-1-1" title="9-1-1 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="9-1-1" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-1-1" title="9-1-1 – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="9-1-1" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-1-1" title="9-1-1 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="9-1-1" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/911_(%E7%B7%8A%E6%80%A5%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E5%86%A7%E5%B7%B4)" title="911 (緊急電話冧巴) – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="911 (緊急電話冧巴)" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/911_(%E6%B1%82%E6%95%91%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1)" title="911 (求救電話) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="911 (求救電話)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q533806#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/911_(emergency_telephone_number)" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:911_(emergency_telephone_number)" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/911_(emergency_telephone_number)"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/911_(emergency_telephone_number)"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/911_(emergency_telephone_number)" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/911_(emergency_telephone_number)" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&oldid=1259710716" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=911_%28emergency_telephone_number%29&id=1259710716&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F911_%28emergency_telephone_number%29"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F911_%28emergency_telephone_number%29"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=911_%28emergency_telephone_number%29&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:911_(emergency_telephone_number)" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q533806" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Emergency telephone number</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the North American emergency telephone number. For the emergency telephone number in the Philippines, see <a href="/wiki/911_(Philippines)" title="911 (Philippines)">911 (Philippines)</a>. For emergency telephone numbers generally, see <a href="/wiki/Emergency_telephone_number" title="Emergency telephone number">Emergency telephone number</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FEMA_-_7976_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_05-14-2003_in_Tennessee.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/FEMA_-_7976_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_05-14-2003_in_Tennessee.jpg/220px-FEMA_-_7976_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_05-14-2003_in_Tennessee.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/FEMA_-_7976_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_05-14-2003_in_Tennessee.jpg/330px-FEMA_-_7976_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_05-14-2003_in_Tennessee.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/FEMA_-_7976_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_05-14-2003_in_Tennessee.jpg/440px-FEMA_-_7976_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_05-14-2003_in_Tennessee.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>A dispatcher takes an emergency call at the <a href="/wiki/Jackson,_Tennessee" title="Jackson, Tennessee">Jackson, Tennessee</a>, 9-1-1 Dispatch Center.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Emergency_telephone_numbers_in_the_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Emergency_telephone_numbers_in_the_world.svg/220px-Emergency_telephone_numbers_in_the_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Emergency_telephone_numbers_in_the_world.svg/330px-Emergency_telephone_numbers_in_the_world.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Emergency_telephone_numbers_in_the_world.svg/440px-Emergency_telephone_numbers_in_the_world.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2754" data-file-height="1398" /></a><figcaption>Global applications of <a href="/wiki/ITU" class="mw-redirect" title="ITU">ITU</a>-approved<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> emergency telephone numbers (this map may not be entirely correct):<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:blue; color:white;"> </span> 112</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:yellow; color:black;"> </span> 911</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:green; color:white;"> </span> 112 and 911</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:black; color:white;"> </span> Other number, no redirection or redirection for mobile phones only</div></figcaption></figure> <p><b>911</b>, sometimes written <span class="nowrap"><b>9-1-1</b></span>, is an <a href="/wiki/Emergency_telephone_number" title="Emergency telephone number">emergency telephone number</a> for <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">the Dominican Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> (in September 2024) <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sint_Maarten" title="Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-and-e9_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-and-e9-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Numbering_Plan" title="North American Numbering Plan">North American Numbering Plan</a> (NANP), one of eight <a href="/wiki/N11_code" title="N11 code">N11 codes</a>. Like other emergency numbers, dialing 911 for whatever purpose (besides emergency purposes) is a crime in most jurisdictions. Penalties for abuse or misuse of 911 can range from probation or community service to fines and jail time. Offenders can also be ordered to undergo counseling and have their use of telephones restricted or suspended for a period of time as a condition of probation. </p><p>In over 98 percent of locations in Argentina, <a href="/wiki/Sint_Maarten" title="Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a>, Panama, Belize, Anguilla, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Jordan, Ethiopia, Liberia, Saudi Arabia, Philippines, Uruguay, United States, Palau, Mexico, Tonga and Canada, dialing <i>911</i> from any telephone will link the caller to an emergency <a href="/wiki/Dispatcher" title="Dispatcher">dispatch</a> office—called a <a href="/wiki/Public_safety_answering_point" title="Public safety answering point">public safety answering point</a> (PSAP) by the telecommunications industry—which can send <a href="/wiki/Emergency_service" title="Emergency service">emergency responders</a> to the caller's location in an emergency. In approximately 96 percent of the United States, the <a href="/wiki/Enhanced_911" title="Enhanced 911">enhanced 911</a> system automatically pairs caller numbers with a physical address.<sup id="cite_ref-FCC.9-1-1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FCC.9-1-1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Philippines, the <a href="/wiki/911_(Philippines)" title="911 (Philippines)">911</a> emergency hotline has been available to the public since August 1, 2016, starting in <a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a>. It is the first of its kind in the Asia-Pacific region.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It replaces the previous emergency number <i>117</i> used outside Davao City. </p><p>As of 2017, a 911 system is in use in Mexico, and Argentina where any implementation in different states and municipalities is being conducted. Venezuela also has a 911 emergency service called VEN911. As of 2023, it has been in operation for almost 10 years.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first use of a national emergency telephone number began in the United Kingdom in 1937 using the number <a href="/wiki/999_(emergency_telephone_number)" title="999 (emergency telephone number)">999</a>, which continues to this day.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the United States, the first 911 service was established by the <a href="/wiki/Alabama_Telephone_Company" title="Alabama Telephone Company">Alabama Telephone Company</a> and the first call was made in <a href="/wiki/Haleyville,_Alabama" title="Haleyville, Alabama">Haleyville, Alabama</a>, in 1968 by <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Alabama_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker of the Alabama House of Representatives">Alabama Speaker of the House</a> <a href="/wiki/Rankin_Fite" title="Rankin Fite">Rankin Fite</a> and answered by <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. Representative</a> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Bevill" title="Tom Bevill">Tom Bevill</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-and-e9_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-and-e9-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-w454_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-w454-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Canada, 911 service was adopted in 1972, and the first 911 call occurred after a 1974 roll-out in <a href="/wiki/London,_Ontario" title="London, Ontario">London, Ontario</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the United States, the push for the development of a nationwide American emergency telephone number came in 1957 when the <a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Fire_Chiefs" class="mw-redirect" title="National Association of Fire Chiefs">National Association of Fire Chiefs</a> recommended that a single number be used for reporting fires.<sup id="cite_ref-NENA_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NENA-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first city in North America to use a central emergency number was the Canadian city of <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg" title="Winnipeg">Winnipeg</a>, Manitoba, in 1959, which instituted the change at the urging of <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Juba" title="Stephen Juba">Stephen Juba</a>, Mayor of Winnipeg at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Winnipeg initially used 999 as the emergency number<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but switched numbers when 911 was proposed by the United States. </p><p>In 1964, the rape and murder of <a href="/wiki/Kitty_Genovese" class="mw-redirect" title="Kitty Genovese">Kitty Genovese</a> in New York City greatly increased the urgency to create a central emergency number. <i>The New York Times</i> falsely reported that nobody had called the police in response to Genovese's cries for help. Some experts theorized that one source of reluctance to call police was due to the complexity of doing so; any calls to the police would go to a local precinct, and any response might depend on which individual sergeant or other ranking personnel might handle the call.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1967, the <a href="/wiki/President%27s_Commission_on_Law_Enforcement_and_Administration_of_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice">President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice</a> recommended the creation of a single number that could be used nationwide for reporting emergencies. The <a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a> then met with <a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Corporation" title="AT&T Corporation">AT&T</a> in November 1967 in order to choose the number.<sup id="cite_ref-NENA_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NENA-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1968, the number was agreed upon. AT&T chose the number <i>911</i>, which was simple, easy to remember, dialed quickly (999, with the <a href="/wiki/Rotary_dial" title="Rotary dial">rotary dial</a> phones in place at the time, would take longer), and because of the middle 1, which indicated a special number (see also <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/4-1-1" class="mw-redirect" title="4-1-1">4-1-1</a></span> and <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/6-1-1" title="6-1-1">6-1-1</a></span>), worked well with the phone systems at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-NENA_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NENA-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time, this announcement only affected the <a href="/wiki/Bell_System" title="Bell System">Bell System</a> telephone companies; independent phone companies were not included in the emergency telephone plan. Alabama Telephone Company decided to implement it ahead of AT&T, choosing <a href="/wiki/Haleyville,_Alabama" title="Haleyville, Alabama">Haleyville, Alabama</a>, as the location.<sup id="cite_ref-Dispatch_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dispatch-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>AT&T made its first implementation in <a href="/wiki/Huntington,_Indiana" title="Huntington, Indiana">Huntington, Indiana</a> on March 1, 1968. However, the rollout of 911 service took many years. For example, although the <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">City of Chicago, Illinois</a>, had access to 911 service as early as 1976, the <a href="/wiki/Illinois_Commerce_Commission" title="Illinois Commerce Commission">Illinois Commerce Commission</a> did not authorize telephone service provider <a href="/wiki/Illinois_Bell" title="Illinois Bell">Illinois Bell</a> to offer 911 to the Chicago suburbs until 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Implementation was not immediate even then; by 1984, only eight Chicago suburbs in <a href="/wiki/Cook_County,_Illinois" title="Cook County, Illinois">Cook County</a> had 911 service.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As late as 1989, at least 28 Chicago suburbs still lacked 911 service; some of those towns had previously elected to decline 911 service due to costs and—according to emergency response personnel—failure to recognize the benefits of the 911 system.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Regarding national U.S. coverage, by 1979, 26% of the U.S. population could dial the number. This increased to 50% by 1987 and 93% by 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-NENA_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NENA-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of March 2022, 98.9% of the U.S. population has access.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Conversion to 911 in Canada began in 1972, and as of 2018 virtually all areas (except for some rural areas, such as <a href="/wiki/Nunavut" title="Nunavut">Nunavut</a><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) are using 911. As of 2008,<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> each year Canadians make twelve million calls to 911.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 4, 2019, the <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Territories" title="Northwest Territories">Northwest Territories</a> launched the 911 service across the territory with the ability to receive service in the territory's 11 <a href="/wiki/Official_language" title="Official language">official languages</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On September 15, 2010, AT&T announced that the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">State of Tennessee</a> had approved a service to support a <a href="/wiki/Text-to-911" class="mw-redirect" title="Text-to-911">Text-to-911</a> trial statewide, where AT&T would be able to allow its users to send text messages to 911 PSAPs.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most <a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">British Overseas Territories</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> use the North American Numbering Plan; <a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a>, Bermuda, the <a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a> use 911. </p><p>Mexico switched its emergency phone number from 066 to 911 in 2016 and 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enhanced_911">Enhanced 911</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Enhanced 911"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Enhanced_911" title="Enhanced 911">Enhanced 911</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/911_(emergency_telephone_number)" title="Special:EditPage/911 (emergency telephone number)">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22911%22+emergency+telephone+number">"911" emergency telephone number</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22911%22+emergency+telephone+number+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22911%22+emergency+telephone+number&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22911%22+emergency+telephone+number+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22911%22+emergency+telephone+number">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22911%22+emergency+telephone+number&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_911" title="Enhanced 911">Enhanced 911</a> (<span class="nowrap">E-911</span> or E911) automatically gives the <a href="/wiki/Dispatcher" title="Dispatcher">dispatcher</a> the caller's location, if available.<sup id="cite_ref-FCC.9-1-1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FCC.9-1-1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Enhanced 911 is available in most areas, including approximately 96 percent of the U.S. </p><p>In all North American jurisdictions, special legislation permits emergency operators to obtain a 911 caller's telephone number and location information.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This information is gathered by mapping the calling phone number to an address in a database. This database function is known as Automatic Location Identification (ALI).<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The database is generally maintained by the local telephone company, under a contract with the PSAP. Each telephone company has its standards for the formatting of the database. Most ALI databases have a companion database known as the MSAG, Master Street Address Guide. The MSAG describes address elements including the exact spellings of street names, and street number ranges. </p><p>To locate a <a href="/wiki/Mobile_telephone" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile telephone">mobile telephone</a> geographically, there are two general approaches: some form of <a href="/wiki/Radiolocation" title="Radiolocation">radiolocation</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Cellular_network" title="Cellular network">cellular network</a>, or to use a <a href="/wiki/Global_Positioning_System" title="Global Positioning System">Global Positioning System</a> receiver built into the phone itself. Both approaches are described by the <a href="/wiki/Radio_resource_location_services_protocol" title="Radio resource location services protocol">radio resource location services protocol</a> (LCS protocol). Depending on the mobile phone hardware, one of two types of location information can be provided to the operator. The first is Wireless Phase One (WPH1), which is the tower location and the direction the call came from, and the second is Wireless Phase Two (WPH2), which provides an estimated GPS location. </p><p>In response to <span class="nowrap">E-911</span> challenges inherent to IP phone systems, specialized technology has been developed to locate callers in the event of an emergency. Some of these new technologies allow the caller to be located down to the specific office on a particular floor of a building. These technologies support a wide range of organizations with IP telephony networks. These offerings are available for service providers offering hosted <a href="/wiki/IP_PBX" title="IP PBX">IP PBX</a> and residential <a href="/wiki/Voice_over_IP" title="Voice over IP">Voice over Internet Protocol</a> (VoIP) services. This increasingly important segment in IP phone technology includes <span class="nowrap">E-911</span> call routing services and automated phone tracking appliances. Many of these services have been established according to FCC, CRTC, and NENA i2 standards, to help enterprises and service providers reduce liability concerns and meet <span class="nowrap">E-911</span> regulations.<sup id="cite_ref-Emergency_Gateway_Datasheet_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Emergency_Gateway_Datasheet-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:9-1-1_System.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/9-1-1_System.svg/900px-9-1-1_System.svg.png" decoding="async" width="900" height="453" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/9-1-1_System.svg/1350px-9-1-1_System.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/9-1-1_System.svg/1800px-9-1-1_System.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2583" data-file-height="1301" /></a><figcaption>The enhanced 911 System</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Computer-aided_dispatch">Computer-aided dispatch</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Computer-aided dispatch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Computer-aided_dispatch" title="Computer-aided dispatch">Computer-aided dispatch</a></div> <p>911 dispatchers use <a href="/wiki/Computer-aided_dispatch" title="Computer-aided dispatch">computer-aided dispatch</a> (CAD) to record a log of EMS, police and fire services. It can either be used to send messages to the dispatched via a mobile data terminal (MDT) and/or used to store and retrieve data (i.e. radio logs, field interviews, client information, schedules, etc.). A dispatcher may announce the call details to field units over a two-way radio. Some systems communicate using a two-way radio system's selective calling features. </p><p>CAD systems may send text messages with call-for-service details to alphanumeric pagers or wireless telephony text services like SMS. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funding">Funding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Funding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the United States and Canada, 911 is typically funded via monthly fees on telephone customers. <a href="/wiki/Telephone_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Telephone company">Telephone companies</a>, including wireless carriers, may be entitled to apply for and receive reimbursements for costs of their compliance with laws requiring that their networks be compatible with 911. Fees depend on locality and may range from around $.25 to $3.00 per month, per line.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The average wireless 911 fee is around $.72. </p><p>Monthly fees usually do not vary based on the customer's usage of the network, though some states do cap the number of lines subject to the fee for large multi-line businesses. </p><p>These fees defray the cost of providing the technical means for connecting callers to a 911 dispatch center; emergency services themselves are funded separately. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Problems">Problems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Problems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inactive_telephones">Inactive telephones</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Inactive telephones"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some U.S. states required that all landline telephones connected to the network be able to reach 911, even if normal service has been disconnected (as for nonpayment).<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the U.S., carriers are required to connect 911 calls from inactive mobile phones.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similar rules apply in Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, dispatchers may not receive <a href="/wiki/Enhanced_9-1-1#FCC_Requirements" class="mw-redirect" title="Enhanced 9-1-1">Phase II information</a> for inactive lines, and may not be able to call back if an emergency call is disconnected.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cell_phones">Cell phones</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Cell phones"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>About 70 percent of 911 calls came from cell phones in 2014,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and finding out where the calls came from required <a href="/wiki/Triangulation" title="Triangulation">triangulation</a>. A <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i> study showed that where information was compiled on the subject, many of the calls from cell phones did not include information allowing the caller to be located. Chances of getting as close as 100 feet (30 metres) were higher in areas with more towers. But if a call was made from a large building, even that would not be enough to precisely locate the caller. New federal rules, which service providers helped with, require location information for 40 percent of calls by 2017 and 80 percent by 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, if a cellphone is connected to a cell tower in a different jurisdiction, which can happen often in a border community, the 911 call will go to the wrong dispatch center. <sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2018,<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> 80 percent of 911 calls in the United States were made on cell phones, but the ability to do so by text messaging was not required. <a href="/wiki/Text-to-911" class="mw-redirect" title="Text-to-911">Text-to-911</a> was first used in <a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a> in 2009. According to the FCC, only 1,600 of about 6,000 911 call centers had the ability, up from 650 in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Certain cell phone operating systems allow users to access local emergency services by calling any country's version of 911.<sup id="cite_ref-CBS_siri_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBS_siri-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Internet_telephony">Internet telephony</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Internet telephony"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Voice_over_IP" title="Voice over IP">Voice over IP</a></div> <p>If 911 is dialed from a commercial VoIP service, depending on how the provider handles such calls, the call may not go anywhere at all, or it may go to a non-emergency number at the public safety answering point associated with the billing or service address of the caller.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because a VoIP adapter can be plugged into any broadband internet connection, a caller could be hundreds or even thousands of miles away from home, yet if the call goes to an answering point at all, it would be the one associated with the caller's address and not the actual location of the call. It may never be possible to reliably and accurately identify the location of a VoIP user, even if a GPS receiver is installed in the VoIP adapter, since such phones are normally used indoors, and thus may be unable to get a signal. </p><p>In March 2005, commercial VoIP provider <a href="/wiki/Vonage" title="Vonage">Vonage</a> was sued by the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Attorney_General" title="Texas Attorney General">Texas Attorney General</a>, who alleged that their website and other sales and service documentation did not make clear enough that Vonage's provision of 911 service was not done traditionally. In May 2005, the FCC issued an order requiring VoIP providers to offer 911 service to all their subscribers within 120 days of the order being published.<sup id="cite_ref-FCC.9-1-1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FCC.9-1-1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Canada, the federal regulators have required <a href="/wiki/Internet_service_providers" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet service providers">Internet service providers</a> (ISPs) to provide an equivalent service to the conventional PSAPs, but even these encounter problems with caller location, since their databases rely on company billing addresses.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>VoIP services operating in Canada are required to provide 911 emergency service.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2008, an 18-month-old boy in <a href="/wiki/Calgary,_Alberta" class="mw-redirect" title="Calgary, Alberta">Calgary, Alberta</a>, died after a <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a> VoIP provider's 911 operator had an ambulance dispatched to the address of the family's previous abode in <a href="/wiki/Mississauga,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Mississauga, Ontario">Mississauga, Ontario</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Emergencies_across_jurisdictions">Emergencies across jurisdictions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Emergencies across jurisdictions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When a caller dials 911, the call is routed to the local public safety answering point. However, if the caller is reporting an emergency in another jurisdiction, the dispatchers may or may not know how to contact the proper authorities. The publicly posted phone numbers for most police departments in the U.S. are non-emergency numbers that often specifically instruct callers to dial 911 in case of emergency, which does not resolve the issue for callers outside of the jurisdiction. </p><p>NENA has developed the North American 911 Resource Database which includes the National PSAP Registry. PSAPs can query this database to obtain emergency contact information of a PSAP in another county or state when it receives a call involving another jurisdiction. Online access to this database is provided at no charge for authorized local and state 911 authorities.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/28px-Telecom-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/42px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/56px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Telecommunication" title="Portal:Telecommunication">Telecommunication portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="telephone icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/28px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/42px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/56px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="722" data-file-height="722" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Telephones" title="Portal:Telephones">Telephones portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balance,_by_David.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/30px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/46px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/61px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="606" data-file-height="558" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Law" title="Portal:Law">Law portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/WHO_Rod.svg/12px-WHO_Rod.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/WHO_Rod.svg/18px-WHO_Rod.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/WHO_Rod.svg/24px-WHO_Rod.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="107" data-file-height="250" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Medicine" title="Portal:Medicine">Medicine portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3-1-1" class="mw-redirect" title="3-1-1">3-1-1</a>, non-emergency number</li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-1-1" class="mw-redirect" title="4-1-1">4-1-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9-1-1_Tapping_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="9-1-1 Tapping Protocol">9-1-1 Tapping Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N11_code" title="N11 code">N11 code</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dial_1119" title="Dial 1119">Dial 1119</a></i>, a 1950 MGM feature film that portrays "1119" as a police emergency number</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECall" title="ECall">eCall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_dispatcher" title="Emergency medical dispatcher">Emergency medical dispatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_telephone" title="Emergency telephone">Emergency telephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_telephone_number" title="Emergency telephone number">Emergency telephone number</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_9-1-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Enhanced 9-1-1">Enhanced 9-1-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friendly_caller_program" title="Friendly caller program">Friendly caller program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_Case_of_Emergency" title="In Case of Emergency">In Case of Emergency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next_Generation_9-1-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Next Generation 9-1-1">Next Generation 9-1-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverse_9-1-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Reverse 9-1-1">Reverse 9-1-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Text-to-9-1-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Text-to-9-1-1">Text-to-9-1-1</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2012/12/12/3758760/itu-911-112-standard-emergency-numbers">"911, 108 and 112 are the world's standard emergency numbers, ITU decides"</a>. <i>The Verge</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416111209/https://www.theverge.com/2012/12/12/3758760/itu-911-112-standard-emergency-numbers">Archived</a> from the original on April 16, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 26,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=911%2C+108+and+112+are+the+world%27s+standard+emergency+numbers%2C+ITU+decides&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2012%2F12%2F12%2F3758760%2Fitu-911-112-standard-emergency-numbers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-and-e9-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-and-e9_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-and-e9_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fcc.gov/general/9-1-1-and-e9-1-1-services">"911 and E911 Services | Federal Communications Commission"</a>. <i>www.fcc.gov</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191214153212/https://www.fcc.gov/general/9-1-1-and-e9-1-1-services">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 30,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fcc.gov&rft.atitle=911+and+E911+Services+%7C+Federal+Communications+Commission&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fcc.gov%2Fgeneral%2F9-1-1-and-e9-1-1-services&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FCC.9-1-1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FCC.9-1-1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FCC.9-1-1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FCC.9-1-1_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150928232230/http://transition.fcc.gov/pshs/services/911-services/">"9-1-1 Service"</a>. <i>Federal Communications Commission</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://transition.fcc.gov/pshs/services/911-services/">the original</a> on September 28, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 9,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Federal+Communications+Commission&rft.atitle=9-1-1+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftransition.fcc.gov%2Fpshs%2Fservices%2F911-services%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160803112707/http://www.mb.com.ph/911-philippines-is-ready/">"911 Philippines is ready!"</a>. <i>Manila Bulletin</i>. MB. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mb.com.ph/911-philippines-is-ready/">the original</a> on August 3, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 31,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=911+Philippines+is+ready%21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mb.com.ph%2F911-philippines-is-ready%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEscobar2022" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Escobar, Rosanny (November 22, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ven911.gob.ve/?p=646">"VEN 9-1-1 arriba a sus 9 años de creación – Ven 911"</a>. <i>Ven 911</i> (in Spanish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240223203043/https://ven911.gob.ve/?p=646">Archived</a> from the original on February 23, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 14,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ven+911&rft.atitle=VEN+9-1-1+arriba+a+sus+9+a%C3%B1os+de+creaci%C3%B3n+%E2%80%93+Ven+911&rft.date=2022-11-22&rft.aulast=Escobar&rft.aufirst=Rosanny&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fven911.gob.ve%2F%3Fp%3D646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090114072201/http://www.btplc.com/News/Articles/ShowArticle.cfm?ArticleID=6e55cb12-8c0c-417f-b68c-6a7f62b1d8c8">"999 celebrates its 70th birthday"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BT_plc" class="mw-redirect" title="BT plc">BT plc</a>. June 29, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.btplc.com/News/Articles/ShowArticle.cfm?ArticleID=6e55cb12-8c0c-417f-b68c-6a7f62b1d8c8">the original</a> on January 14, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=999+celebrates+its+70th+birthday&rft.pub=BT+plc&rft.date=2007-06-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.btplc.com%2FNews%2FArticles%2FShowArticle.cfm%3FArticleID%3D6e55cb12-8c0c-417f-b68c-6a7f62b1d8c8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-w454-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-w454_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iredellcountync.gov/1768/History-of-9-1-1">"History of 9-1-1"</a>. <i>Iredell County, NC</i>. March 1, 1968<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 15,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Iredell+County%2C+NC&rft.atitle=History+of+9-1-1&rft.date=1968-03-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iredellcountync.gov%2F1768%2FHistory-of-9-1-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spvm.qc.ca/en/Pages/Discover-SPVM/Who-does-what/911-Emergency-Centre-/History">"SPVM History"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Service_de_police_de_la_Ville_de_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Service de police de la Ville de Montréal">Service de police de la Ville de Montréal</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200406191334/https://spvm.qc.ca/en/Pages/Discover-SPVM/Who-does-what/911-Emergency-Centre-/History">Archived</a> from the original on April 6, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SPVM+History&rft.pub=Service+de+police+de+la+Ville+de+Montr%C3%A9al&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspvm.qc.ca%2Fen%2FPages%2FDiscover-SPVM%2FWho-does-what%2F911-Emergency-Centre-%2FHistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NENA-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NENA_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NENA_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NENA_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NENA_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180515005550/https://www.nena.org/?page=911overviewfacts">"9-1-1 Origin & History"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Emergency_Number_Association" title="National Emergency Number Association">National Emergency Number Association</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nena.org/?page=911overviewfacts">the original</a> on May 15, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 14,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Emergency+Number+Association&rft.atitle=9-1-1+Origin+%26+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nena.org%2F%3Fpage%3D911overviewfacts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTempleman" class="citation web cs1">Templeman, Jack. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.winnipeg.ca/police/History/history5.stm">"History of the Winnipeg Police - Part Five - the Fifties & Sixties"</a>. <i>Winnipeg Police Service</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170616142920/http://www.winnipeg.ca/police/History/history5.stm">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Winnipeg+Police+Service&rft.atitle=History+of+the+Winnipeg+Police+-+Part+Five+-+the+Fifties+%26+Sixties&rft.aulast=Templeman&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.winnipeg.ca%2Fpolice%2FHistory%2Fhistory5.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121105054133/http://www.cbc.ca/archives/categories/science-technology/technology/canada-says-hello-the-first-century-of-the-telephone/winnipeggers-call-999-for-help.html">"Winnipeggers call 999 for help"</a>. CBC News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/archives/categories/science-technology/technology/canada-says-hello-the-first-century-of-the-telephone/winnipeggers-call-999-for-help.html">the original</a> on November 5, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Winnipeggers+call+999+for+help&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Farchives%2Fcategories%2Fscience-technology%2Ftechnology%2Fcanada-says-hello-the-first-century-of-the-telephone%2Fwinnipeggers-call-999-for-help.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/independentlens/blog/history-of-911-americas-emergency-service-before-and-after-kitty-genovese/">History of 911: America’s Emergency Service, Before and After Kitty Genovese</a>", January 19, 2017, by Carolyn Abate in Beyond the Films, PBS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210520191051/https://www.pbs.org/independentlens/blog/history-of-911-americas-emergency-service-before-and-after-kitty-genovese/">Archived</a> May 20, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.insideedition.com/how-the-death-of-kitty-genovese-birthed-911-and-neighborhood-watches-58288">"How the Death of Kitty Genovese Birthed 911 and Neighborhood Watches"</a>. <i>Inside Edition</i>. March 21, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210520192547/https://www.insideedition.com/how-the-death-of-kitty-genovese-birthed-911-and-neighborhood-watches-58288">Archived</a> from the original on May 20, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Inside+Edition&rft.atitle=How+the+Death+of+Kitty+Genovese+Birthed+911+and+Neighborhood+Watches&rft.date=2020-03-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.insideedition.com%2Fhow-the-death-of-kitty-genovese-birthed-911-and-neighborhood-watches-58288&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDarata2018" class="citation web cs1">Darata, Heather (April 2, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iaedjournal.org/adoption-of-911/">"Adoption Of 911"</a>. <i>IAED Journal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210520191045/https://iaedjournal.org/adoption-of-911/">Archived</a> from the original on May 20, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IAED+Journal&rft.atitle=Adoption+Of+911&rft.date=2018-04-02&rft.aulast=Darata&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fiaedjournal.org%2Fadoption-of-911%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas2018" class="citation web cs1">Thomas, Kristin (June 8, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thevintagenews.com/2018/06/08/kitty-genovese/">"The murder of "Kitty" Genovese that led to the Bystander Effect & the 911 system"</a>. <i>The Vintage News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210520191219/https://www.thevintagenews.com/2018/06/08/kitty-genovese/">Archived</a> from the original on May 20, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Vintage+News&rft.atitle=The+murder+of+%22Kitty%22+Genovese+that+led+to+the+Bystander+Effect+%26+the+911+system&rft.date=2018-06-08&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Kristin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thevintagenews.com%2F2018%2F06%2F08%2Fkitty-genovese%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.com/topics/crime/kitty-genovese">Kitty Genovese</a>", August 21, 2018, History. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210520191212/https://www.history.com/topics/crime/kitty-genovese">Archived</a> May 20, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dispatch-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dispatch_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllen" class="citation magazine cs1">Allen, Gary. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180923121122/https://www.countyofunion.org/site/cpage.asp?cpage_id=180009766&sec_id=180003667">"History of 911"</a>. <i>Dispatch Magazine</i>. County of Union, South Carolina. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.countyofunion.org/site/cpage.asp?cpage_id=180009766&sec_id=180003667">the original</a> on September 23, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 14,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dispatch+Magazine&rft.atitle=History+of+911&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.countyofunion.org%2Fsite%2Fcpage.asp%3Fcpage_id%3D180009766%26sec_id%3D180003667&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151117231228/http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1981/04/23/page/10/">"Illinois Bell to offer 911 system to suburbs"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i>. April 23, 1981. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1981/04/23/page/10">the original</a> on November 17, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 15,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Illinois+Bell+to+offer+911+system+to+suburbs&rft.date=1981-04-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.chicagotribune.com%2F1981%2F04%2F23%2Fpage%2F10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas_Powers1984" class="citation news cs1">Thomas Powers, William Recktenwald (April 6, 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151117063357/http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1984/04/06/page/533/article/suburbs-scurrying-to-get-quick-dial-emergency-systems">"Suburbs scurrying to get quick-dial emergency systems"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1984/04/06/page/533/article/suburbs-scurrying-to-get-quick-dial-emergency-systems">the original</a> on November 17, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 15,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Suburbs+scurrying+to+get+quick-dial+emergency+systems&rft.date=1984-04-06&rft.aulast=Thomas+Powers&rft.aufirst=William+Recktenwald&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.chicagotribune.com%2F1984%2F04%2F06%2Fpage%2F533%2Farticle%2Fsuburbs-scurrying-to-get-quick-dial-emergency-systems&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCekay1989" class="citation news cs1">Cekay, Thomas (April 2, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151117024647/http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1989/04/02/page/33/article/911-service-becomes-no-1-on-suburb-referendum-list/index.html">"911 service becomes No. 1 on suburb referendum list"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1989/04/02/page/33/article/911-service-becomes-no-1-on-suburb-referendum-list/index.html">the original</a> on November 17, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 15,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=911+service+becomes+No.+1+on+suburb+referendum+list&rft.date=1989-04-02&rft.aulast=Cekay&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.chicagotribune.com%2F1989%2F04%2F02%2Fpage%2F33%2Farticle%2F911-service-becomes-no-1-on-suburb-referendum-list%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nena.org/page/911Statistics">"9-1-1 Statistics"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Emergency_Number_Association" title="National Emergency Number Association">National Emergency Number Association</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220311013825/https://www.nena.org/page/911Statistics">Archived</a> from the original on March 11, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 26,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=9-1-1+Statistics&rft.pub=National+Emergency+Number+Association&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nena.org%2Fpage%2F911Statistics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180216152146/http://publiclibraries.nu.ca/site/main/npls/fire-emergency">"Community Directory – Fire/Emergency Numbers"</a>. Government of Nunavut. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publiclibraries.nu.ca/site/main/npls/fire-emergency">the original</a> on February 16, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 31,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Community+Directory+%E2%80%93+Fire%2FEmergency+Numbers&rft.pub=Government+of+Nunavut&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpubliclibraries.nu.ca%2Fsite%2Fmain%2Fnpls%2Ffire-emergency&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobertson2008" class="citation news cs1">Robertson, Grant (December 19, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/technology/canadas-9-1-1-emergency/article560927/?page=all">"Canada's 9-1-1 emergency"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Globe_and_Mail" title="The Globe and Mail">The Globe and Mail</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091123102834/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/technology/article728860.ece">Archived</a> from the original on November 23, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 20,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Globe+and+Mail&rft.atitle=Canada%27s+9-1-1+emergency&rft.date=2008-12-19&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=Grant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theglobeandmail.com%2Ftechnology%2Fcanadas-9-1-1-emergency%2Farticle560927%2F%3Fpage%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCohen" class="citation web cs1">Cohen, Sidney. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/nwt-911-live-1.5340356">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Growing pains' expected when N.W.T.'s 911 service goes live on Monday"</a>. CBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210822213842/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/nwt-911-live-1.5340356">Archived</a> from the original on August 22, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 22,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Growing+pains%27+expected+when+N.W.T.%27s+911+service+goes+live+on+Monday&rft.pub=CBC&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Sidney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fcanada%2Fnorth%2Fnwt-911-live-1.5340356&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/att-and-state-of-tennessee-to-launch-text-to-9-1-1-trial-168598246.html">"AT&T and State of Tennessee to Launch Text to 9-1-1 Trial"</a>. PR Newswire. September 5, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120909232500/http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/att-and-state-of-tennessee-to-launch-text-to-9-1-1-trial-168598246.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 9, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AT%26T+and+State+of+Tennessee+to+Launch+Text+to+9-1-1+Trial&rft.pub=PR+Newswire&rft.date=2012-09-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prnewswire.com%2Fnews-releases%2Fatt-and-state-of-tennessee-to-launch-text-to-9-1-1-trial-168598246.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theyucatantimes.com/2016/08/mexico-will-start-first-phase-of-emergency-911-in-october/">"Mexico will start first phase of emergency 911 in October"</a>. <i>The Yucatan Times</i>. August 8, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180215083701/http://www.theyucatantimes.com/2016/08/mexico-will-start-first-phase-of-emergency-911-in-october/">Archived</a> from the original on February 15, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 14,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Yucatan+Times&rft.atitle=Mexico+will+start+first+phase+of+emergency+911+in+October&rft.date=2016-08-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theyucatantimes.com%2F2016%2F08%2Fmexico-will-start-first-phase-of-emergency-911-in-october%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180215024004/https://www.razon.com.mx/por-primera-vez-mexico-cuenta-con-datos-sobre-llamadas-al-911/">"Por primera vez México cuenta con datos sobre llamadas al 911"</a>. <i>La Razón</i> (in Mexican Spanish). July 24, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.razon.com.mx/por-primera-vez-mexico-cuenta-con-datos-sobre-llamadas-al-911/">the original</a> on February 15, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 14,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Raz%C3%B3n&rft.atitle=Por+primera+vez+M%C3%A9xico+cuenta+con+datos+sobre+llamadas+al+911&rft.date=2017-07-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.razon.com.mx%2Fpor-primera-vez-mexico-cuenta-con-datos-sobre-llamadas-al-911%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=38.52.505">"Washington State Legislature website"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120308194913/http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=38.52.505">Archived</a> from the original on March 8, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Washington+State+Legislature+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fapps.leg.wa.gov%2FRCW%2Fdefault.aspx%3Fcite%3D38.52.505&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130616021059/http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6526125/description.html">"U.S. Patent#6526125 (PatentStorm website)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6526125/description.html">the original</a> on June 16, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+Patent%236526125+%28PatentStorm+website%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.patentstorm.us%2Fpatents%2F6526125%2Fdescription.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Emergency_Gateway_Datasheet-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Emergency_Gateway_Datasheet_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120914042248/http://www1.911enable.com/documents/pdf/emergency_gateway_datasheet.pdf">"Emergency Gateway Datasheet"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 911 Enable. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www1.911enable.com/documents/pdf/emergency_gateway_datasheet.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on September 14, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Emergency+Gateway+Datasheet&rft.pub=911+Enable&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww1.911enable.com%2Fdocuments%2Fpdf%2Femergency_gateway_datasheet.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170130185342/http://www.co.yellowstone.mt.gov/des/e911/911UserFees.pdf">"Range of 911 User Fees"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.co.yellowstone.mt.gov/des/e911/911UserFees.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on January 30, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Range+of+911+User+Fees&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.co.yellowstone.mt.gov%2Fdes%2Fe911%2F911UserFees.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://transition.fcc.gov/Bureaus/Common_Carrier/Reports/FCC-State_Link/IAD/pntris99.pdf">"TELEPHONE PENETRATION BY INCOME BY STATE"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Fcc.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110810224937/http://transition.fcc.gov/Bureaus/Common_Carrier/Reports/FCC-State_Link/IAD/pntris99.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on August 10, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 8,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TELEPHONE+PENETRATION+BY+INCOME+BY+STATE&rft.pub=Fcc.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftransition.fcc.gov%2FBureaus%2FCommon_Carrier%2FReports%2FFCC-State_Link%2FIAD%2Fpntris99.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141020231449/http://www.denco.org/jurisdictions.html">"Denton County (Ga.) 9-1-1 website"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.denco.org/jurisdictions.html">the original</a> on October 20, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Denton+County+%28Ga.%29+9-1-1+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.denco.org%2Fjurisdictions.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.calgary.ca/CSPS/PSC/Pages/Calling-9-1-1.aspx">"Calling 9-1-1 (City of Calgary website)"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120407192311/http://www.calgary.ca/CSPS/PSC/Pages/Calling-9-1-1.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on April 7, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Calling+9-1-1+%28City+of+Calgary+website%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.calgary.ca%2FCSPS%2FPSC%2FPages%2FCalling-9-1-1.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121204062436/http://www.deseretnews.com/article/660214358/Old-cell-phones-give-dispatchers-headache.html">"Old cell phones give dispatchers headache"</a>. <i>Deseret News</i>. April 23, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deseretnews.com/article/660214358/Old-cell-phones-give-dispatchers-headache.html">the original</a> on December 4, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deseret+News&rft.atitle=Old+cell+phones+give+dispatchers+headache&rft.date=2007-04-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deseretnews.com%2Farticle%2F660214358%2FOld-cell-phones-give-dispatchers-headache.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fcc.gov/guides/wireless-911-services">"9-1-1 Wireless Services"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a>. May 26, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141017072437/http://www.fcc.gov/guides/wireless-911-services">Archived</a> from the original on October 17, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=9-1-1+Wireless+Services&rft.pub=Federal+Communications+Commission&rft.date=2011-05-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fcc.gov%2Fguides%2Fwireless-911-services&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoyle2015" class="citation news cs1">Boyle, John (February 24, 2015). "Calling 9-1-1 on a cell? They won't know your address". <i><a href="/wiki/Asheville_Citizen-Times" title="Asheville Citizen-Times">Asheville Citizen-Times</a></i>. p. A1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asheville+Citizen-Times&rft.atitle=Calling+9-1-1+on+a+cell%3F+They+won%27t+know+your+address&rft.pages=A1&rft.date=2015-02-24&rft.aulast=Boyle&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.montgomerytwp.org/eGov/apps/document/center.egov">"Important Info about Calling 911 from a Cell Phone!"</a>. <i>Montgomery Township, PA</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230627213951/https://www.montgomerytwp.org/eGov/apps/document/center.egov">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Montgomery+Township%2C+PA&rft.atitle=Important+Info+about+Calling+911+from+a+Cell+Phone%21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.montgomerytwp.org%2FeGov%2Fapps%2Fdocument%2Fcenter.egov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson2018" class="citation news cs1">Anderson, Mae (October 31, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apnews.com/93b9cf8a789b4a5ea32105d7f2eb6aa7">"Why is it so hard to text 911?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181205003438/https://www.apnews.com/93b9cf8a789b4a5ea32105d7f2eb6aa7">Archived</a> from the original on December 5, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 4,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Why+is+it+so+hard+to+text+911%3F&rft.date=2018-10-31&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Mae&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apnews.com%2F93b9cf8a789b4a5ea32105d7f2eb6aa7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CBS_siri-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CBS_siri_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEarl2017" class="citation news cs1">Earl, Jennifer (March 22, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/iphone-siri-108-warning-about-potentially-dangerous-prank/">"iPhone users warned about potentially dangerous "Siri 108" prank"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/CBS_Interactive" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS Interactive">CBS Interactive</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191024020404/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/iphone-siri-108-warning-about-potentially-dangerous-prank/">Archived</a> from the original on October 24, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 23,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=iPhone+users+warned+about+potentially+dangerous+%22Siri+108%22+prank&rft.date=2017-03-22&rft.aulast=Earl&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fiphone-siri-108-warning-about-potentially-dangerous-prank%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050317131253/http://www.911voip.org/faqs.htm">"911VoIp FAQs"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.911voip.org/faqs.htm#1">the original</a> on March 17, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=911VoIp+FAQs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.911voip.org%2Ffaqs.htm%231&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090406085412/http://www.crtc.gc.ca/eng/NEWS/RELEASES/2005/r050404.htm">"CRTC Decision on 9-1-1 Emergency Services for VoIP Service Providers"</a> (Press release). <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Radio-television_and_Telecommunications_Commission" title="Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission">Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission</a>. April 4, 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crtc.gc.ca/eng/NEWS/RELEASES/2005/r050404.htm">the original</a> on April 6, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 13,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CRTC+Decision+on+9-1-1+Emergency+Services+for+VoIP+Service+Providers&rft.pub=Canadian+Radio-television+and+Telecommunications+Commission&rft.date=2005-04-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crtc.gc.ca%2Feng%2FNEWS%2FRELEASES%2F2005%2Fr050404.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2005/dt2005-21.htm">"Telecom Decision CRTC 2005–21"</a>. <i>Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission</i>. Government of Canada. April 4, 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170410193827/http://www.crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2005/dt2005-21.htm">Archived</a> from the original on April 10, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 29,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Radio-television+and+Telecommunications+Commission&rft.atitle=Telecom+Decision+CRTC+2005%E2%80%9321&rft.date=2005-04-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcrtc.gc.ca%2Feng%2Farchive%2F2005%2Fdt2005-21.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/calgary-toddler-dies-after-family-calls-911-on-internet-phone-1.694532">"Calgary Toddler Dies after Family Calls 9-1-1 on Internet Phone"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBC_News" title="CBC News">CBC News</a>. April 30, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130921054836/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/calgary-toddler-dies-after-family-calls-911-on-internet-phone-1.694532">Archived</a> from the original on September 21, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 13,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Calgary+Toddler+Dies+after+Family+Calls+9-1-1+on+Internet+Phone&rft.date=2008-04-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fcanada%2Fcalgary%2Fcalgary-toddler-dies-after-family-calls-911-on-internet-phone-1.694532&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091008105744/http://www.nena.org/north-america-911-resource-database">"NENA 9-1-1 Resource DB"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nena.org/north-america-911-resource-database">the original</a> on October 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 6,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NENA+9-1-1+Resource+DB&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nena.org%2Fnorth-america-911-resource-database&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A911+%28emergency+telephone+number%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>T. I. Dayharsh, T. J. Yung, D. K. Hunter and S. C. Ivy, "Update on the national emergency number 911," <i>IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,</i> vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 292-297, Nov. 1979, doi: 10.1109/T-VT.1979.23804.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/911" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:911">911</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/phone/911/">9-1-1 Services</a>, Web site of 9-1-1 Services in Canada.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.911.gov/">911.gov</a>, Web site of the 911 Program in the United States.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Emergency_medical_services_around_the_world" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:EMS_around_the_world" title="Template:EMS around the world"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:EMS_around_the_world" title="Template talk:EMS around the world"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:EMS_around_the_world" title="Special:EditPage/Template:EMS around the world"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Emergency_medical_services_around_the_world" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services" title="Emergency medical services">Emergency medical services</a> around the world</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services" title="Emergency medical services">Emergency medical services</a> by country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Austria" title="Emergency medical services in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Australia" title="Emergency medical services in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Belgium" title="Emergency medical services in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Brazil#Emergency_medicine" title="Healthcare in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Canada" title="Emergency medical services in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Finland" title="Emergency medical services in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_France" title="Emergency medical services in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Germany" title="Emergency medical services in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Hong_Kong" title="Emergency medical services in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Iceland" title="Emergency medical services in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PHECC" title="PHECC">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Israel" title="Emergency medical services in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Italy" title="Emergency medical services in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_the_Netherlands" title="Emergency medical services in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_New_Zealand" title="Emergency medical services in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Norway" title="Emergency medical services in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="Emergency medical services in Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Poland" title="Emergency medical services in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Portugal" title="Emergency medical services in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Russia" title="Emergency medical services in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Spain" title="Emergency medical services in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_South_Africa" title="Emergency medical services in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Emergency medical services in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_Ukraine" title="Emergency medical services in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_the_United_States" title="Emergency medical services in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paramedic" title="Paramedic">Paramedics</a> by country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paramedics_in_Australia" title="Paramedics in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramedics_in_Canada" title="Paramedics in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramedics_in_Germany" title="Paramedics in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PHECC" title="PHECC">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramedics_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Paramedics in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramedics_in_the_United_States" title="Paramedics in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="N11_codes" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:N11_codes" title="Template:N11 codes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:N11_codes" title="Template talk:N11 codes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:N11_codes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:N11 codes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="N11_codes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/N11_code" title="N11 code">N11 codes</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/211_(telephone_number)" title="211 (telephone number)">211</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/311_(telephone_number)" title="311 (telephone number)">311</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/411_(telephone_number)" title="411 (telephone number)">411</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-1-1" title="5-1-1">511</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6-1-1" title="6-1-1">611</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7-1-1" class="mw-redirect" title="7-1-1">711</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8-1-1" title="8-1-1">811</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">911</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="telephone icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/16px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/24px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/32px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="722" data-file-height="722" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Telephones" title="Portal:Telephones">Telephones portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Emergency_telephone_numbers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Emergency_telephone_numbers" title="Template:Emergency telephone numbers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Emergency_telephone_numbers" title="Template talk:Emergency telephone numbers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Emergency_telephone_numbers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Emergency telephone numbers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Emergency_telephone_numbers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Emergency_telephone_number" title="Emergency telephone number">Emergency telephone numbers</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_telephone" title="Emergency telephone">Emergency telephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonised_service_of_social_value" title="Harmonised service of social value">Harmonised service of social value</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/000_(emergency_telephone_number)" title="000 (emergency telephone number)">000</a> (Australia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/102_(ambulance_service)" title="102 (ambulance service)">102</a> (India)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/106_(emergency_telephone_number)" title="106 (emergency telephone number)">106</a> (Australia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/108_(emergency_telephone_number)" title="108 (emergency telephone number)">108</a> (India)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=110_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="110 (emergency telephone number) (page does not exist)">110</a> (<a href="/wiki/Emergency_Police_Centre" title="Emergency Police Centre">Iran</a>, Japan, China)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/111_(emergency_telephone_number)" title="111 (emergency telephone number)">111</a> (New Zealand)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/112_(emergency_telephone_number)" title="112 (emergency telephone number)">112</a> (Europe and others, worldwide <a href="/wiki/GSM" title="GSM">GSM</a> mobile networks)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/119_(emergency_telephone_number)" title="119 (emergency telephone number)">119</a> (parts of Asia and Jamaica)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=120_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="120 (emergency telephone number) (page does not exist)">120</a> (China)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/122_(emergency_telephone_number)" class="mw-redirect" title="122 (emergency telephone number)">122</a> (Austria, Egypt, and Bosnia and Herzegovina)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=123_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="123 (emergency telephone number) (page does not exist)">123</a> (Colombia, Egypt)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=128_(emergency_telephone_number)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="128 (emergency telephone number) (page does not exist)">128</a> (Mercosur member states)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Brazil#Public_utility" title="Telephone numbers in Brazil">190</a> (Brazil)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">911</a> (Iraq, North America <a href="/wiki/Enhanced_911" title="Enhanced 911">E-911 system</a>, <a href="/wiki/911_(Philippines)" title="911 (Philippines)">Philippines</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/988_(telephone_number)" title="988 (telephone number)">988</a> (North America Suicide & Crisis Lifeline)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/999_(emergency_telephone_number)" title="999 (emergency telephone number)">999</a> (Bangladesh, UK and others)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rescue_1122" title="Rescue 1122">1122</a> (Pakistan)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="telephone icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/16px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/24px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg/32px-Telephone_icon_blue_gradient.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="722" data-file-height="722" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Telephones" title="Portal:Telephones">Telephones portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/16px-Telecom-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/24px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/32px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Telecommunication" title="Portal:Telecommunication">Telecommunication portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_emergency_telephone_numbers" title="List of emergency telephone numbers">List article</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Emergency_telephone_numbers" title="Category:Emergency telephone numbers">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Emergency_telephone_numbers" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Emergency telephone numbers">Wikimedia Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&oldid=1259710716">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&oldid=1259710716</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:N11_codes" title="Category:N11 codes">N11 codes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Emergency_telephone_numbers" title="Category:Emergency telephone numbers">Emergency telephone numbers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications-related_introductions_in_1968" title="Category:Telecommunications-related introductions in 1968">Telecommunications-related introductions in 1968</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Category:Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Three-digit_telephone_numbers" title="Category:Three-digit telephone numbers">Three-digit telephone numbers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telephone_numbers_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Telephone numbers in the United States">Telephone numbers in the United States</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)">CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Mexican_Spanish-language_sources_(es-mx)" title="Category:CS1 Mexican Spanish-language sources (es-mx)">CS1 Mexican Spanish-language sources (es-mx)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_May_2022" title="Category:Use mdy dates from May 2022">Use mdy dates from May 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_October_2024" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2024">Articles with unsourced statements from October 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2008" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2008">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2008</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements" title="Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements">All articles containing potentially dated statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_February_2018" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from February 2018">Articles needing additional references from February 2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2018" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 26 November 2024, at 17:18<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=911_(emergency_telephone_number)&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-697b7966c5-2fkdf","wgBackendResponseTime":183,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.627","walltime":"0.765","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3707,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":129365,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":3402,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":15,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":15,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":186430,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 660.350 1 -total"," 40.12% 264.907 1 Template:Reflist"," 17.17% 113.361 13 Template:Cite_news"," 15.35% 101.356 3 Template:Navbox"," 14.70% 97.077 28 Template:Cite_web"," 13.16% 86.888 1 Template:EMSworld"," 8.72% 57.551 1 Template:Short_description"," 6.48% 42.803 1 Template:More_citations_needed"," 6.13% 40.506 1 Template:Ambox"," 5.26% 34.716 2 Template:Pagetype"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.390","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":9769819,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-5649595d6f-ghhlj","timestamp":"20241126171820","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"911 (emergency telephone number)","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/911_(emergency_telephone_number)","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q533806","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q533806","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-11-12T08:29:46Z","dateModified":"2024-11-26T17:18:19Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/53\/FEMA_-_7976_-_Photograph_by_Mark_Wolfe_taken_on_05-14-2003_in_Tennessee.jpg","headline":"emergency telephone number for the North American Numbering Plan (NANP)"}</script> </body> </html>