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Portal:Astronomy - Wikipedia

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Available in 65 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">65 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portaal:Sterrekunde" title="Portaal:Sterrekunde – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Portaal:Sterrekunde" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17580674 badge-featuredportal mw-list-item" title="featured portal badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84%D9%83" title="بوابة:علم الفلك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بوابة:علم الفلك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ok%E1%BA%BDndusu:Mbyjakuaa" title="Okẽndusu:Mbyjakuaa – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Okẽndusu:Mbyjakuaa" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Astronomiya" title="Portal:Astronomiya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Portal:Astronomiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0:%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="প্রবেশদ্বার:জ্যোতির্বিজ্ঞান – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রবেশদ্বার:জ্যোতির্বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Партал:Астраномія – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Партал:Астраномія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Портал:Астрономия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Портал:Астрономия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Astronomija" title="Portal:Astronomija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Portal:Astronomija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Astronomia" title="Portal:Astronomia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Portal:Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Astronomie" title="Portál:Astronomie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Portál:Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Astronomi" title="Portal:Astronomi – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Portal:Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17580674 badge-featuredportal mw-list-item" title="featured portal badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Astronomie" title="Portal:Astronomie – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Portal:Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portaal:Astronoomia" title="Portaal:Astronoomia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Portaal:Astronoomia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%B7:%CE%91%CF%83%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Πύλη:Αστρονομία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πύλη:Αστρονομία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Astronom%C3%ADa" title="Portal:Astronomía – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Portal:Astronomía" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portalo:Astronomio" title="Portalo:Astronomio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Portalo:Astronomio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari:Astronomia" title="Atari:Astronomia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Atari:Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17580674 badge-featuredportal mw-list-item" title="featured portal badge"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87:%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="درگاه:اخترشناسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="درگاه:اخترشناسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portail:Astronomie" title="Portail:Astronomie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Portail:Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%ED%84%B8:%EC%B2%9C%EB%AC%B8%ED%95%99" title="포털:천문학 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="포털:천문학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AC:%D4%B1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Պորտալ:Աստղագիտություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պորտալ:Աստղագիտություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0:%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="प्रवेशद्वार:खगोलशास्त्र – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रवेशद्वार:खगोलशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Astronomi" title="Portal:Astronomi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Portal:Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portale:Astronomia" title="Portale:Astronomia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Portale:Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%9C:%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A2%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%9C" title="פורטל:מדעי החלל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פורטל:מדעי החלל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="პორტალი:ასტრონომია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პორტალი:ასტრონომია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Портал:Астрономия – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Портал:Астрономия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%C4%81ls:Astronomija" title="Portāls:Astronomija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Portāls:Astronomija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Astronomie" title="Portal:Astronomie – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Portal:Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikisritis:Astronomija" title="Vikisritis:Astronomija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vikisritis:Astronomija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Csillag%C3%A1szat" title="Portál:Csillagászat – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Portál:Csillagászat" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Портал:Астрономија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Портал:Астрономија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%83%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="കവാടം:ജ്യോതിഃശാസ്ത്രം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കവാടം:ജ്യോതിഃശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84%D9%83" title="بوابة:علم الفلك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بوابة:علم الفلك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Astronomi" title="Portal:Astronomi – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Portal:Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portaal:Astronomie" title="Portaal:Astronomie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Portaal:Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="Portal:天文学 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Portal:天文学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17580674 badge-featuredportal mw-list-item" title="featured portal badge"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Astronomi" title="Portal:Astronomi – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Portal:Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Astronomiya" title="Portal:Astronomiya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Portal:Astronomiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A2:_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%81_%D9%BE%DA%91%DA%BE%D8%AA" title="بوآ: تارہ پڑھت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بوآ: تارہ پڑھت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%87:%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="تانبه:ستورپوهنه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="تانبه:ستورپوهنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Astronomia" title="Portal:Astronomia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Portal:Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Astronomia" title="Portal:Astronomia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Portal:Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipediya:Portal:Astronomiya" title="Vikipediya:Portal:Astronomiya – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Vikipediya:Portal:Astronomiya" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Astronomie" title="Portal:Astronomie – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Portal:Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punku_p%27anqa:_Quyllur_yachay" title="Punku p&#039;anqa: Quyllur yachay – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Punku p&#039;anqa: Quyllur yachay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17580674 badge-featuredportal mw-list-item" title="featured portal badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Портал:Астрономия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Портал:Астрономия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA:%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="ද්වාරය:තාරකා විද්‍යාව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ද්වාරය:තාරකා විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8:%D9%81%D9%84%DA%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="باب:فلڪيات – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="باب:فلڪيات" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Astron%C3%B3mia" title="Portál:Astronómia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Portál:Astronómia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Astronomija" title="Portal:Astronomija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Portal:Astronomija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Cilmi_Fallag" title="Portal:Cilmi Fallag – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Portal:Cilmi Fallag" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%95:%DA%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="دەروازە:گەردوون – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەروازە:گەردوون" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Портал:Астрономија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Портал:Астрономија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teemasivu:T%C3%A4htitiede" title="Teemasivu:Tähtitiede – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Teemasivu:Tähtitiede" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Astronomi" title="Portal:Astronomi – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Portal:Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D:%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="வலைவாசல்:வானியல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வலைவாசல்:வானியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Портал:Астрономия – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Портал:Астрономия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a 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hreflang="uk" data-title="Портал:Астрономія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8:%D9%81%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="باب:فلکیات – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="باب:فلکیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17580674 badge-featuredportal mw-list-item" title="featured portal badge"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BB%95ng_th%C3%B4ng_tin:Thi%C3%AAn_v%C4%83n_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Cổng thông tin:Thiên văn học – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cổng thông tin:Thiên văn học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng 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.portal-column-right-extra-narrow{float:inherit;width:inherit}}</style> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Wikipedia portal for content related to Astronomy</div> <div style="font-size:85%;"><span class="anchor" id="portals-browsebar"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist noprint" style="text-align: center"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portal topics</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Human_activities" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Activities</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Culture_and_the_arts" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Geography_and_places" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Geography</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Health_and_fitness" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Health</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#History_and_events" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">History</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Mathematics_and_logic" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Mathematics</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Natural_and_physical_sciences" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Nature</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#People_and_self" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">People</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Philosophy_and_thinking" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Philosophy</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Religion_and_belief_systems" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Religion</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Society_and_social_sciences" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Society</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Technology_and_applied_sciences" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Technology</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Special:RandomInCategory/All_portals" title="Special:RandomInCategory/All portals">Random portal</a></dd></dl> </div></div> <table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="background: white; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; border-color: black;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="55%" style="vertical-align: top; padding: 0; margin: 0;"> <div style="font-size: 200%; text-align: center; padding: 0.1em; font-variant: small-caps; color: #513"><span style="font-size:70%;">The</span> Astronomy <span style="font-size:70%;">Portal</span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r996214246">.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container{clear:both;width:100%;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container>.flex-columns-column{float:left;width:50%;min-width:360px;padding:0 0.5em;box-sizing:border-box;flex:1;display:flex;flex-direction:column}@media screen and (max-width:393px){.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container>.flex-columns-column{min-width:0}}.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container>.flex-columns-column:first-child{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container>.flex-columns-column:last-child{padding-right:0}@media screen and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container>.flex-columns-column{padding:0;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container{display:block}}.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container>.flex-columns-column>div{flex:1 0 auto}.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container>.flex-columns-column>div.flex-columns-noflex{flex:0}</style><div class="flex-columns-container"><div class="flex-columns-column"><div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#ccccff;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AAstronomy&amp;action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a>&#160;</div><h2 id="Introduction" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Introduction</h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fcfcfc;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Percival_Lowell_observing_Venus_from_the_Lowell_Observatory_in_1914.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Percival Lowell observing Venus from the Lowell Observatory telescope in 1914"><img alt="A man sitting on a chair mounted to a moving platform, staring through a large telescope." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Percival_Lowell_observing_Venus_from_the_Lowell_Observatory_in_1914.jpg/115px-Percival_Lowell_observing_Venus_from_the_Lowell_Observatory_in_1914.jpg" decoding="async" width="115" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Percival_Lowell_observing_Venus_from_the_Lowell_Observatory_in_1914.jpg/173px-Percival_Lowell_observing_Venus_from_the_Lowell_Observatory_in_1914.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Percival_Lowell_observing_Venus_from_the_Lowell_Observatory_in_1914.jpg/230px-Percival_Lowell_observing_Venus_from_the_Lowell_Observatory_in_1914.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Percival Lowell observing Venus from the Lowell Observatory telescope in 1914</figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">Astronomy</a></b> is a <a href="/wiki/Natural_science" title="Natural science">natural science</a> that studies <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_object" title="Astronomical object">celestial objects</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Phenomena" class="mw-redirect" title="Phenomena">phenomena</a> that occur in the cosmos. It uses <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Physics" title="Physics">physics</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry">chemistry</a> in order to explain their origin and their overall <a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_the_Universe" class="mw-redirect" title="Chronology of the Universe">evolution</a>. Objects of interest include <a href="/wiki/Planets" class="mw-redirect" title="Planets">planets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Natural_satellite" title="Natural satellite">moons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Star" title="Star">stars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nebulae" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebulae">nebulae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galaxy" title="Galaxy">galaxies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meteoroid" title="Meteoroid">meteoroids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">asteroids</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Comet" title="Comet">comets</a>. Relevant phenomena include <a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">supernova</a> explosions, <a href="/wiki/Gamma_ray_burst" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamma ray burst">gamma ray bursts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quasar" title="Quasar">quasars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blazar" title="Blazar">blazars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pulsar" title="Pulsar">pulsars</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cosmic_microwave_background_radiation" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosmic microwave background radiation">cosmic microwave background radiation</a>. More generally, astronomy studies everything that originates beyond <a href="/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Earth" title="Atmosphere of Earth">Earth's atmosphere</a>. <a href="/wiki/Cosmology" title="Cosmology">Cosmology</a> is a branch of astronomy that studies the <a href="/wiki/Universe" title="Universe">universe</a> as a whole. </p><p>Astronomy is one of the oldest natural sciences. The early civilizations in <a href="/wiki/Recorded_history" title="Recorded history">recorded history</a> made methodical observations of the <a href="/wiki/Night_sky" title="Night sky">night sky</a>. These include the <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_astronomy" title="Egyptian astronomy">Egyptians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Babylonian_astronomy" title="Babylonian astronomy">Babylonians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greek_astronomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek astronomy">Greeks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_astronomy" title="Indian astronomy">Indians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chinese_astronomy" title="Chinese astronomy">Chinese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maya_civilization" title="Maya civilization">Maya</a>, and many ancient <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">indigenous peoples of the Americas</a>. In the past, astronomy included disciplines as diverse as <a href="/wiki/Astrometry" title="Astrometry">astrometry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Celestial_navigation" title="Celestial navigation">celestial navigation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Observational_astronomy" title="Observational astronomy">observational astronomy</a>, and the making of <a href="/wiki/Calendar" title="Calendar">calendars</a>. </p><p>Professional astronomy is split into <a href="/wiki/Observational_astronomy" title="Observational astronomy">observational</a> and <a href="/wiki/Theoretical_astronomy" title="Theoretical astronomy">theoretical</a> branches. Observational astronomy is focused on acquiring data from observations of astronomical objects. This data is then analyzed using basic principles of physics. Theoretical astronomy is oriented toward the development of computer or analytical models to describe astronomical objects and phenomena. These two fields complement each other. Theoretical astronomy seeks to explain observational results and observations are used to confirm theoretical results. </p><p>Astronomy is one of the few sciences in which amateurs play an <a href="/wiki/Citizen_science" title="Citizen science">active role</a>. This is especially true for the discovery and observation of <a href="/wiki/Transient_astronomical_event" class="mw-redirect" title="Transient astronomical event">transient events</a>. <a href="/wiki/Amateur_astronomy" title="Amateur astronomy">Amateur astronomers</a> have helped with many important discoveries, such as finding new comets. (<b><a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">Full article...</a></b>) </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div></div><div class="flex-columns-column"><div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#ccccff;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"></div><h2 id="General_images_-_load_new_batch" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">General images - <span class="noprint plainlinks purgelink"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Astronomy&amp;action=purge"><span title="Purge this page"><small><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkblue"><i>load new batch</i></span></small></span></a></span></h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fcfcfc;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <div style="text-align: center;"><small><b>The following are images from various astronomy-related articles on Wikipedia.</b></small></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1021884966">.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container>.gallery.mw-gallery-slideshow>.gallerycarousel>div>div>div>span:nth-child(2){display:none}.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container .randomSlideshow-sr-only{display:block;width:1px;height:1px;text-indent:-999px;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container ul.gallery:first-child label{display:inline-block!important;padding:0.2em 0.3em}.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container ul.gallery:first-child label,.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container ul.gallery:first-child input{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container ul.gallery:first-child input{transform:scale(1.4)}.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container ul.gallery:first-child label:last-child{display:none!important}.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container ul.gallery:first-child .gallerybox{display:block;margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container ul.gallery:first-child .gallerybox li,.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container ul.gallery:first-child .gallerybox div,.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container ul.gallery:first-child .gallerybox p{padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container ul.gallery.mw-gallery-slideshow:first-child{position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);display:inline-block;text-align:center;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container ul.gallery:first-child .gallerybox{order:99999;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container ul.gallery:first-child label{flex:0 0}.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container ul.gallery:first-child .gallerybox{width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container ul.gallery:first-child .gallerybox>div,.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container ul.gallery:first-child .gallerybox>div>div{width:inherit!important;max-width:100%;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .randomSlideshow-container .nomobile+ul label{display:none!important}</style><div class="randomSlideshow-container" style="max-width:85%; margin:-4em auto;"><div class="nomobile"></div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-slideshow switcher-container"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Equinozio_da_Pizzo_Vento,tramonto_fondachelli_fantina,_sicilia.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 1Sunset at the equinox from the prehistoric site of Pizzo Vento at Fondachelli Fantina, Sicily (from History of astronomy)"><img alt="Image 1Sunset at the equinox from the prehistoric site of Pizzo Vento at Fondachelli Fantina, Sicily (from History of astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Equinozio_da_Pizzo_Vento%2Ctramonto_fondachelli_fantina%2C_sicilia.JPG/120px-Equinozio_da_Pizzo_Vento%2Ctramonto_fondachelli_fantina%2C_sicilia.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Equinozio_da_Pizzo_Vento%2Ctramonto_fondachelli_fantina%2C_sicilia.JPG/180px-Equinozio_da_Pizzo_Vento%2Ctramonto_fondachelli_fantina%2C_sicilia.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Equinozio_da_Pizzo_Vento%2Ctramonto_fondachelli_fantina%2C_sicilia.JPG/240px-Equinozio_da_Pizzo_Vento%2Ctramonto_fondachelli_fantina%2C_sicilia.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 1</span></span>Sunset at the <a href="/wiki/Equinox" title="Equinox">equinox</a> from the prehistoric site of Pizzo Vento at <a href="/wiki/Fondachelli-Fantina" title="Fondachelli-Fantina">Fondachelli Fantina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> (from <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History of astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NAMA_Machine_d%27Anticyth%C3%A8re_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 2The Antikythera Mechanism was an analog computer from 150 to 100&#160;BC designed to calculate the positions of astronomical objects. (from History of astronomy)"><img alt="Image 2The Antikythera Mechanism was an analog computer from 150 to 100&#160;BC designed to calculate the positions of astronomical objects. (from History of astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/NAMA_Machine_d%27Anticyth%C3%A8re_1.jpg/120px-NAMA_Machine_d%27Anticyth%C3%A8re_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/NAMA_Machine_d%27Anticyth%C3%A8re_1.jpg/180px-NAMA_Machine_d%27Anticyth%C3%A8re_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/NAMA_Machine_d%27Anticyth%C3%A8re_1.jpg/240px-NAMA_Machine_d%27Anticyth%C3%A8re_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1036" data-file-height="924" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 2</span></span>The <a href="/wiki/Antikythera_Mechanism" class="mw-redirect" title="Antikythera Mechanism">Antikythera Mechanism</a> was an <a href="/wiki/Analog_computer" title="Analog computer">analog computer</a> from 150 to 100&#160;BC designed to calculate the positions of astronomical objects. (from <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History of astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Milky_way_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 3Map of the Milky Way Galaxy, with the constellations that cross the galactic plane in each direction and the known prominent components annotated including main arms, spurs, bar, nucleus/bulge, notable nebulae and globular clusters (from History of astronomy)"><img alt="Image 3Map of the Milky Way Galaxy, with the constellations that cross the galactic plane in each direction and the known prominent components annotated including main arms, spurs, bar, nucleus/bulge, notable nebulae and globular clusters (from History of astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Milky_way_map.png/110px-Milky_way_map.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Milky_way_map.png/165px-Milky_way_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Milky_way_map.png/220px-Milky_way_map.png 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="2238" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 3</span></span>Map of the <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a> Galaxy, with the <a href="/wiki/Constellations" class="mw-redirect" title="Constellations">constellations</a> that cross the <a href="/wiki/Galactic_plane" title="Galactic plane">galactic plane</a> in each direction and the known prominent components annotated including <a href="/wiki/Spiral_arm" title="Spiral arm">main arms</a>, spurs, bar, <a href="/wiki/Galactic_Center" title="Galactic Center">nucleus/bulge</a>, notable <a href="/wiki/Nebulae" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebulae">nebulae</a> and <a href="/wiki/Globular_clusters" class="mw-redirect" title="Globular clusters">globular clusters</a> (from <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History of astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Martian-like_Landscape_of_La_Silla.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 4The main platform at La Silla hosts a huge range of telescopes with which astronomers can explore the Universe. (from Observational astronomy)"><img alt="Image 4The main platform at La Silla hosts a huge range of telescopes with which astronomers can explore the Universe. (from Observational astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/The_Martian-like_Landscape_of_La_Silla.jpg/120px-The_Martian-like_Landscape_of_La_Silla.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/The_Martian-like_Landscape_of_La_Silla.jpg/180px-The_Martian-like_Landscape_of_La_Silla.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/The_Martian-like_Landscape_of_La_Silla.jpg/240px-The_Martian-like_Landscape_of_La_Silla.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5033" data-file-height="1683" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 4</span></span>The main platform at <a href="/wiki/La_Silla_Observatory" title="La Silla Observatory">La Silla</a> hosts a huge range of telescopes with which astronomers can explore the Universe. (from <b><a href="/wiki/Observational_astronomy" title="Observational astronomy">Observational astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 5The Oort cloud, one of the most successful theoretical models about the Solar System (from Theoretical astronomy)"><img alt="Image 5The Oort cloud, one of the most successful theoretical models about the Solar System (from Theoretical astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg/120px-Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg/180px-Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg/240px-Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="439" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 5</span></span>The <a href="/wiki/Oort_cloud" title="Oort cloud">Oort cloud</a>, one of the most successful theoretical models about the <a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a> (from <b><a href="/wiki/Theoretical_astronomy" title="Theoretical astronomy">Theoretical astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beneath_the_Milky_Way.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 6Places like Paranal Observatory offer crystal clear skies for observing astronomical objects with or without instruments. (from Amateur astronomy)"><img alt="Image 6Places like Paranal Observatory offer crystal clear skies for observing astronomical objects with or without instruments. (from Amateur astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Beneath_the_Milky_Way.jpg/120px-Beneath_the_Milky_Way.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Beneath_the_Milky_Way.jpg/180px-Beneath_the_Milky_Way.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Beneath_the_Milky_Way.jpg/240px-Beneath_the_Milky_Way.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5760" data-file-height="3840" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 6</span></span>Places like <a href="/wiki/Paranal_Observatory" title="Paranal Observatory">Paranal Observatory</a> offer crystal clear skies for observing astronomical objects with or without instruments. (from <b><a href="/wiki/Amateur_astronomy" title="Amateur astronomy">Amateur astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Astolabio_di_ahmad_ibn_muhammad_al-naqqash,_ottone_inciso,_saragozza,_1079-1080.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 7Arabic astrolabe from 1079 to 1080&#160;AD (from History of astronomy)"><img alt="Image 7Arabic astrolabe from 1079 to 1080&#160;AD (from History of astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Astolabio_di_ahmad_ibn_muhammad_al-naqqash%2C_ottone_inciso%2C_saragozza%2C_1079-1080.JPG/78px-Astolabio_di_ahmad_ibn_muhammad_al-naqqash%2C_ottone_inciso%2C_saragozza%2C_1079-1080.JPG" decoding="async" width="78" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Astolabio_di_ahmad_ibn_muhammad_al-naqqash%2C_ottone_inciso%2C_saragozza%2C_1079-1080.JPG/117px-Astolabio_di_ahmad_ibn_muhammad_al-naqqash%2C_ottone_inciso%2C_saragozza%2C_1079-1080.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Astolabio_di_ahmad_ibn_muhammad_al-naqqash%2C_ottone_inciso%2C_saragozza%2C_1079-1080.JPG/156px-Astolabio_di_ahmad_ibn_muhammad_al-naqqash%2C_ottone_inciso%2C_saragozza%2C_1079-1080.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1288" data-file-height="1977" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 7</span></span>Arabic <a href="/wiki/Astrolabe" title="Astrolabe">astrolabe</a> from 1079 to 1080&#160;AD (from <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History of astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Big_bang_inflation_vs_standard_genericchart.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 8The inflationary theory as an augmentation to the Big Bang theory was first proposed by Alan Guth of MIT. Inflation solves the &#39;horizon problem&#39; by making the early universe much more compact than was assumed in the standard model. Given such smaller size, causal contact (i.e., thermal communication) would have been possible among all regions of the early universe. The image was an adaptation from various generic charts depicting the growth of the size of the observable universe, for both the standard model and inflationary model respectively, of the Big Bang theory. (from Physical cosmology)"><img alt="Image 8The inflationary theory as an augmentation to the Big Bang theory was first proposed by Alan Guth of MIT. Inflation solves the &#39;horizon problem&#39; by making the early universe much more compact than was assumed in the standard model. Given such smaller size, causal contact (i.e., thermal communication) would have been possible among all regions of the early universe. The image was an adaptation from various generic charts depicting the growth of the size of the observable universe, for both the standard model and inflationary model respectively, of the Big Bang theory. (from Physical cosmology)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Big_bang_inflation_vs_standard_genericchart.png/120px-Big_bang_inflation_vs_standard_genericchart.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Big_bang_inflation_vs_standard_genericchart.png/180px-Big_bang_inflation_vs_standard_genericchart.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Big_bang_inflation_vs_standard_genericchart.png/240px-Big_bang_inflation_vs_standard_genericchart.png 2x" data-file-width="590" data-file-height="489" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 8</span></span>The inflationary theory as an augmentation to the Big Bang theory was first proposed by Alan Guth of MIT. Inflation solves the 'horizon problem' by making the early universe much more compact than was assumed in the standard model. Given such smaller size, causal contact (i.e., thermal communication) would have been possible among all regions of the early universe. The image was an adaptation from various generic charts depicting the growth of the size of the observable universe, for both the standard model and inflationary model respectively, of the Big Bang theory. (from <b><a href="/wiki/Physical_cosmology" title="Physical cosmology">Physical cosmology</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Telescope.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 950 cm refracting telescope at Nice Observatory (from Observational astronomy)"><img alt="Image 950 cm refracting telescope at Nice Observatory (from Observational astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Telescope.jpg/78px-Telescope.jpg" decoding="async" width="78" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Telescope.jpg/117px-Telescope.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Telescope.jpg/156px-Telescope.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1108" data-file-height="1707" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 9</span></span>50 cm refracting telescope at <a href="/wiki/Nice_Observatory" title="Nice Observatory">Nice Observatory</a> (from <b><a href="/wiki/Observational_astronomy" title="Observational astronomy">Observational astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sir_Patrick_Moore_at_the_opening_of_the_South_Downs_Planetarium.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 10Sir Patrick Moore was one of the world&#39;s leading popularisers of astronomy. (from Amateur astronomy)"><img alt="Image 10Sir Patrick Moore was one of the world&#39;s leading popularisers of astronomy. (from Amateur astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Sir_Patrick_Moore_at_the_opening_of_the_South_Downs_Planetarium.jpg/99px-Sir_Patrick_Moore_at_the_opening_of_the_South_Downs_Planetarium.jpg" decoding="async" width="99" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Sir_Patrick_Moore_at_the_opening_of_the_South_Downs_Planetarium.jpg/149px-Sir_Patrick_Moore_at_the_opening_of_the_South_Downs_Planetarium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Sir_Patrick_Moore_at_the_opening_of_the_South_Downs_Planetarium.jpg/199px-Sir_Patrick_Moore_at_the_opening_of_the_South_Downs_Planetarium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2653" data-file-height="3202" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 10</span></span><a href="/wiki/Sir_Patrick_Moore" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Patrick Moore">Sir Patrick Moore</a> was one of the world's leading popularisers of astronomy. (from <b><a href="/wiki/Amateur_astronomy" title="Amateur astronomy">Amateur astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crab_Nebula_in_Multiple_Wavelengths.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 11The Crab Nebula as seen in various wavelengths (from Observational astronomy)"><img alt="Image 11The Crab Nebula as seen in various wavelengths (from Observational astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Crab_Nebula_in_Multiple_Wavelengths.png/120px-Crab_Nebula_in_Multiple_Wavelengths.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Crab_Nebula_in_Multiple_Wavelengths.png/180px-Crab_Nebula_in_Multiple_Wavelengths.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Crab_Nebula_in_Multiple_Wavelengths.png/240px-Crab_Nebula_in_Multiple_Wavelengths.png 2x" data-file-width="2735" data-file-height="633" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 11</span></span>The <a href="/wiki/Crab_Nebula" title="Crab Nebula">Crab Nebula</a> as seen in various wavelengths (from <b><a href="/wiki/Observational_astronomy" title="Observational astronomy">Observational astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clock_accuracy.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 12Historical accuracy of atomic clocks from NIST. (from Theoretical astronomy)"><img alt="Image 12Historical accuracy of atomic clocks from NIST. (from Theoretical astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Clock_accuracy.jpg/120px-Clock_accuracy.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Clock_accuracy.jpg/180px-Clock_accuracy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Clock_accuracy.jpg/240px-Clock_accuracy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="273" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 12</span></span>Historical accuracy of atomic clocks from <a href="/wiki/NIST" class="mw-redirect" title="NIST">NIST</a>. (from <b><a href="/wiki/Theoretical_astronomy" title="Theoretical astronomy">Theoretical astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Under_the_Spell_of_the_Magellanic_Clouds.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 13ALMA is the world&#39;s most powerful telescope for studying the Universe at submillimeter and millimeter wavelengths. (from Observational astronomy)"><img alt="Image 13ALMA is the world&#39;s most powerful telescope for studying the Universe at submillimeter and millimeter wavelengths. (from Observational astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Under_the_Spell_of_the_Magellanic_Clouds.jpg/120px-Under_the_Spell_of_the_Magellanic_Clouds.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Under_the_Spell_of_the_Magellanic_Clouds.jpg/180px-Under_the_Spell_of_the_Magellanic_Clouds.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Under_the_Spell_of_the_Magellanic_Clouds.jpg/240px-Under_the_Spell_of_the_Magellanic_Clouds.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 13</span></span><a href="/wiki/Atacama_Large_Millimeter_Array" title="Atacama Large Millimeter Array">ALMA</a> is the world's most powerful telescope for studying the Universe at submillimeter and millimeter wavelengths. (from <b><a href="/wiki/Observational_astronomy" title="Observational astronomy">Observational astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Cat%27s_Paw_Remastered.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 14An image of the Cat&#39;s Paw Nebula created combining the work of professional and amateur astronomers. The image is the combination of the 2.2-metre MPG/ESO telescope of the La Silla Observatory in Chile and a 0.4-meter amateur telescope. (from Amateur astronomy)"><img alt="Image 14An image of the Cat&#39;s Paw Nebula created combining the work of professional and amateur astronomers. The image is the combination of the 2.2-metre MPG/ESO telescope of the La Silla Observatory in Chile and a 0.4-meter amateur telescope. (from Amateur astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/The_Cat%27s_Paw_Remastered.jpeg/116px-The_Cat%27s_Paw_Remastered.jpeg" decoding="async" width="116" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/The_Cat%27s_Paw_Remastered.jpeg/173px-The_Cat%27s_Paw_Remastered.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/The_Cat%27s_Paw_Remastered.jpeg/231px-The_Cat%27s_Paw_Remastered.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="7740" data-file-height="8040" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 14</span></span>An image of the <a href="/wiki/Cat%27s_Paw_Nebula" class="mw-redirect" title="Cat&#39;s Paw Nebula">Cat's Paw Nebula</a> created combining the work of professional and amateur astronomers. The image is the combination of the 2.2-metre MPG/ESO telescope of the La Silla Observatory in Chile and a 0.4-meter amateur telescope. (from <b><a href="/wiki/Amateur_astronomy" title="Amateur astronomy">Amateur astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nebra_disc_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 15The Nebra sky disk, Germany, 1800–1600 BC (from History of astronomy)"><img alt="Image 15The Nebra sky disk, Germany, 1800–1600 BC (from History of astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Nebra_disc_1.jpg/120px-Nebra_disc_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Nebra_disc_1.jpg/180px-Nebra_disc_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Nebra_disc_1.jpg/240px-Nebra_disc_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4177" data-file-height="3385" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 15</span></span>The <a href="/wiki/Nebra_sky_disk" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebra sky disk">Nebra sky disk</a>, Germany, 1800–1600 BC (from <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History of astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Senenmut-Grab.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 16Segment of the astronomical ceiling of Senenmut&#39;s Tomb (circa 1479–1458 BC), depicting constellations, protective deities, and twenty-four segmented wheels for the hours of the day and the months of the year (from History of astronomy)"><img alt="Image 16Segment of the astronomical ceiling of Senenmut&#39;s Tomb (circa 1479–1458 BC), depicting constellations, protective deities, and twenty-four segmented wheels for the hours of the day and the months of the year (from History of astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Senenmut-Grab.JPG/120px-Senenmut-Grab.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Senenmut-Grab.JPG/180px-Senenmut-Grab.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Senenmut-Grab.JPG/240px-Senenmut-Grab.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2678" data-file-height="1589" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 16</span></span>Segment of the <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_ceiling_of_Senenmut%27s_Tomb" title="Astronomical ceiling of Senenmut&#39;s Tomb">astronomical ceiling of Senenmut's Tomb</a> (circa 1479–1458 BC), depicting constellations, protective deities, and twenty-four segmented wheels for the hours of the day and the months of the year (from <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History of astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gravitational_lens_found_in_the_DESI_Legacy_Surveys_data_(noirlab2104c).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 17An example of a gravitational lens found in the DESI Legacy Surveys data. There are four sets of lensed images in DESI-090.9854-35.9683, corresponding to four distinct background galaxies—from the outermost giant red arc to the innermost bright blue arc, arranged in four concentric circles. All of them are gravitationally warped—or lensed—by the orange galaxy at the very center. Dark matter is expected to produce gravitational lensing also. (from Physical cosmology)"><img alt="Image 17An example of a gravitational lens found in the DESI Legacy Surveys data. There are four sets of lensed images in DESI-090.9854-35.9683, corresponding to four distinct background galaxies—from the outermost giant red arc to the innermost bright blue arc, arranged in four concentric circles. All of them are gravitationally warped—or lensed—by the orange galaxy at the very center. Dark matter is expected to produce gravitational lensing also. (from Physical cosmology)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Gravitational_lens_found_in_the_DESI_Legacy_Surveys_data_%28noirlab2104c%29.jpg/120px-Gravitational_lens_found_in_the_DESI_Legacy_Surveys_data_%28noirlab2104c%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Gravitational_lens_found_in_the_DESI_Legacy_Surveys_data_%28noirlab2104c%29.jpg/180px-Gravitational_lens_found_in_the_DESI_Legacy_Surveys_data_%28noirlab2104c%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Gravitational_lens_found_in_the_DESI_Legacy_Surveys_data_%28noirlab2104c%29.jpg/240px-Gravitational_lens_found_in_the_DESI_Legacy_Surveys_data_%28noirlab2104c%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 17</span></span>An example of a gravitational lens found in the DESI Legacy Surveys data. There are four sets of lensed images in DESI-090.9854-35.9683, corresponding to four distinct background galaxies—from the outermost giant red arc to the innermost bright blue arc, arranged in four concentric circles. All of them are gravitationally warped—or lensed—by the orange galaxy at the very center. Dark matter is expected to produce gravitational lensing also. (from <b><a href="/wiki/Physical_cosmology" title="Physical cosmology">Physical cosmology</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ioannis_Bayeri_Rhainani_Vranometria_1661_(84132460)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 18Southern Hemisphere (from History of astronomy)"><img alt="Image 18Southern Hemisphere (from History of astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Ioannis_Bayeri_Rhainani_Vranometria_1661_%2884132460%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Ioannis_Bayeri_Rhainani_Vranometria_1661_%2884132460%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Ioannis_Bayeri_Rhainani_Vranometria_1661_%2884132460%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Ioannis_Bayeri_Rhainani_Vranometria_1661_%2884132460%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Ioannis_Bayeri_Rhainani_Vranometria_1661_%2884132460%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-Ioannis_Bayeri_Rhainani_Vranometria_1661_%2884132460%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9993" data-file-height="7815" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 18</span></span><a href="/wiki/Southern_Hemisphere" title="Southern Hemisphere">Southern Hemisphere</a> (from <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History of astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hubble_01_Cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 19The Hubble Space Telescope (from History of astronomy)"><img alt="Image 19The Hubble Space Telescope (from History of astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Hubble_01_Cropped.jpg/120px-Hubble_01_Cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Hubble_01_Cropped.jpg/180px-Hubble_01_Cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Hubble_01_Cropped.jpg/240px-Hubble_01_Cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 19</span></span>The <a href="/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Hubble Space Telescope">Hubble Space Telescope</a> (from <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History of astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:IAU_2006_General_Assembly-_Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_Votes_(iau0603g).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 20A voting session is conducted in 2006 International Astronomical Union&#39;s general assembly for determining a new definition of a planet (from Astronomer)"><img alt="Image 20A voting session is conducted in 2006 International Astronomical Union&#39;s general assembly for determining a new definition of a planet (from Astronomer)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/IAU_2006_General_Assembly-_Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_Votes_%28iau0603g%29.jpg/120px-IAU_2006_General_Assembly-_Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_Votes_%28iau0603g%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/IAU_2006_General_Assembly-_Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_Votes_%28iau0603g%29.jpg/180px-IAU_2006_General_Assembly-_Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_Votes_%28iau0603g%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/IAU_2006_General_Assembly-_Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_Votes_%28iau0603g%29.jpg/240px-IAU_2006_General_Assembly-_Result_of_the_IAU_Resolution_Votes_%28iau0603g%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 20</span></span>A voting session is conducted in 2006 <a href="/wiki/International_Astronomical_Union" title="International Astronomical Union">International Astronomical Union</a>'s general assembly for determining a <a href="/wiki/IAU_definition_of_planet" title="IAU definition of planet">new definition of a planet</a> (from <b><a href="/wiki/Astronomer" title="Astronomer">Astronomer</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%8D%97%E5%85%AC%E6%87%B7%E4%BB%81%E5%83%8F.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 21Portrait of the Flemish astronomer Ferdinand Verbiest who became head of the Mathematical Board and director of the Observatory of the Chinese emperor in 1669 (from Astronomer)"><img alt="Image 21Portrait of the Flemish astronomer Ferdinand Verbiest who became head of the Mathematical Board and director of the Observatory of the Chinese emperor in 1669 (from Astronomer)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/%E5%8D%97%E5%85%AC%E6%87%B7%E4%BB%81%E5%83%8F.jpg/89px-%E5%8D%97%E5%85%AC%E6%87%B7%E4%BB%81%E5%83%8F.jpg" decoding="async" width="89" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/%E5%8D%97%E5%85%AC%E6%87%B7%E4%BB%81%E5%83%8F.jpg/133px-%E5%8D%97%E5%85%AC%E6%87%B7%E4%BB%81%E5%83%8F.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/%E5%8D%97%E5%85%AC%E6%87%B7%E4%BB%81%E5%83%8F.jpg/178px-%E5%8D%97%E5%85%AC%E6%87%B7%E4%BB%81%E5%83%8F.jpg 2x" data-file-width="758" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 21</span></span>Portrait of the Flemish astronomer <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Verbiest" title="Ferdinand Verbiest">Ferdinand Verbiest</a> who became head of the Mathematical Board and director of the Observatory of the Chinese emperor in 1669 (from <b><a href="/wiki/Astronomer" title="Astronomer">Astronomer</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PIA16874-CobeWmapPlanckComparison-20130321.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 22Comparison of CMB (Cosmic microwave background) results from satellites COBE, WMAP and Planck documenting a progress in 1989–2013 (from History of astronomy)"><img alt="Image 22Comparison of CMB (Cosmic microwave background) results from satellites COBE, WMAP and Planck documenting a progress in 1989–2013 (from History of astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/PIA16874-CobeWmapPlanckComparison-20130321.jpg/120px-PIA16874-CobeWmapPlanckComparison-20130321.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/PIA16874-CobeWmapPlanckComparison-20130321.jpg/180px-PIA16874-CobeWmapPlanckComparison-20130321.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/PIA16874-CobeWmapPlanckComparison-20130321.jpg/240px-PIA16874-CobeWmapPlanckComparison-20130321.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 22</span></span>Comparison of <a href="/wiki/CMB" class="mw-redirect" title="CMB">CMB</a> (Cosmic microwave background) results from satellites <a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Background_Explorer" title="Cosmic Background Explorer">COBE</a>, <a href="/wiki/WMAP" class="mw-redirect" title="WMAP">WMAP</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Planck_(spacecraft)" title="Planck (spacecraft)">Planck</a></i> documenting a progress in 1989–2013 (from <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History of astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mayall_Telescope.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 23Mayall telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory (from Observational astronomy)"><img alt="Image 23Mayall telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory (from Observational astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Mayall_Telescope.jpg/90px-Mayall_Telescope.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Mayall_Telescope.jpg/135px-Mayall_Telescope.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Mayall_Telescope.jpg/180px-Mayall_Telescope.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 23</span></span><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_U._Mayall_Telescope" title="Nicholas U. Mayall Telescope">Mayall telescope</a> at <a href="/wiki/Kitt_Peak_National_Observatory" title="Kitt Peak National Observatory">Kitt Peak National Observatory</a> (from <b><a href="/wiki/Observational_astronomy" title="Observational astronomy">Observational astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jantar_Mantar_at_Jaipur.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 24Historical Jantar Mantar observatory in Jaipur, India (from History of astronomy)"><img alt="Image 24Historical Jantar Mantar observatory in Jaipur, India (from History of astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Jantar_Mantar_at_Jaipur.jpg/120px-Jantar_Mantar_at_Jaipur.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Jantar_Mantar_at_Jaipur.jpg/180px-Jantar_Mantar_at_Jaipur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Jantar_Mantar_at_Jaipur.jpg/240px-Jantar_Mantar_at_Jaipur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1984" data-file-height="1248" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 24</span></span>Historical <a href="/wiki/Jantar_Mantar_(Jaipur)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jantar Mantar (Jaipur)">Jantar Mantar</a> observatory in <a href="/wiki/Jaipur" title="Jaipur">Jaipur</a>, India (from <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History of astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Silla_Poses_for_an_Ultra_HD_Shoot.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 25Ultra HD photography taken at La Silla Observatory (from Observational astronomy)"><img alt="Image 25Ultra HD photography taken at La Silla Observatory (from Observational astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/La_Silla_Poses_for_an_Ultra_HD_Shoot.jpg/85px-La_Silla_Poses_for_an_Ultra_HD_Shoot.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/La_Silla_Poses_for_an_Ultra_HD_Shoot.jpg/128px-La_Silla_Poses_for_an_Ultra_HD_Shoot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/La_Silla_Poses_for_an_Ultra_HD_Shoot.jpg/170px-La_Silla_Poses_for_an_Ultra_HD_Shoot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3723" data-file-height="5245" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 25</span></span>Ultra HD photography taken at <a href="/wiki/La_Silla_Observatory" title="La Silla Observatory">La Silla Observatory</a> (from <b><a href="/wiki/Observational_astronomy" title="Observational astronomy">Observational astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Openstax_Astronomy_EM_spectrum_and_atmosphere.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 26Overview of types of observational astronomy by observed wavelengths and their observability. (from Observational astronomy)"><img alt="Image 26Overview of types of observational astronomy by observed wavelengths and their observability. (from Observational astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Openstax_Astronomy_EM_spectrum_and_atmosphere.jpg/120px-Openstax_Astronomy_EM_spectrum_and_atmosphere.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Openstax_Astronomy_EM_spectrum_and_atmosphere.jpg/180px-Openstax_Astronomy_EM_spectrum_and_atmosphere.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Openstax_Astronomy_EM_spectrum_and_atmosphere.jpg/240px-Openstax_Astronomy_EM_spectrum_and_atmosphere.jpg 2x" data-file-width="976" data-file-height="861" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 26</span></span>Overview of types of observational astronomy by observed wavelengths and their observability. (from <b><a href="/wiki/Observational_astronomy" title="Observational astronomy">Observational astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chichen_Itza_Observatory_2_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 27&quot;El Caracol&quot; observatory temple at Chichen Itza, Mexico (from History of astronomy)"><img alt="Image 27&quot;El Caracol&quot; observatory temple at Chichen Itza, Mexico (from History of astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Chichen_Itza_Observatory_2_1.jpg/120px-Chichen_Itza_Observatory_2_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Chichen_Itza_Observatory_2_1.jpg/180px-Chichen_Itza_Observatory_2_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Chichen_Itza_Observatory_2_1.jpg/240px-Chichen_Itza_Observatory_2_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="2194" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 27</span></span>"El Caracol" observatory temple at <a href="/wiki/Chichen_Itza" title="Chichen Itza">Chichen Itza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> (from <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History of astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CMB_Timeline300_no_WMAP.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 28Artist conception of the Big Bang cosmological model, the most widely accepted out of all in physical cosmology (neither time nor size to scale) (from Physical cosmology)"><img alt="Image 28Artist conception of the Big Bang cosmological model, the most widely accepted out of all in physical cosmology (neither time nor size to scale) (from Physical cosmology)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/CMB_Timeline300_no_WMAP.jpg/120px-CMB_Timeline300_no_WMAP.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/CMB_Timeline300_no_WMAP.jpg/180px-CMB_Timeline300_no_WMAP.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/CMB_Timeline300_no_WMAP.jpg/240px-CMB_Timeline300_no_WMAP.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1980" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 28</span></span>Artist conception of the <a href="/wiki/Big_Bang" title="Big Bang">Big Bang</a> cosmological model, the most widely accepted out of all in physical cosmology (neither time nor size to scale) (from <b><a href="/wiki/Physical_cosmology" title="Physical cosmology">Physical cosmology</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Babylonian_tablet_recording_Halley%27s_comet.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 29Babylonian tablet in the British Museum recording Halley&#39;s Comet in 164&#160;BC (from History of astronomy)"><img alt="Image 29Babylonian tablet in the British Museum recording Halley&#39;s Comet in 164&#160;BC (from History of astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Babylonian_tablet_recording_Halley%27s_comet.jpg/74px-Babylonian_tablet_recording_Halley%27s_comet.jpg" decoding="async" width="74" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Babylonian_tablet_recording_Halley%27s_comet.jpg/111px-Babylonian_tablet_recording_Halley%27s_comet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Babylonian_tablet_recording_Halley%27s_comet.jpg/149px-Babylonian_tablet_recording_Halley%27s_comet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="912" data-file-height="1470" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 29</span></span>Babylonian tablet in the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a> recording <a href="/wiki/Halley%27s_Comet" title="Halley&#39;s Comet">Halley's Comet</a> in 164&#160;BC (from <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History of astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hans_Oberndorfer_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 30Amateur astronomer recording observations of the sun. (from Amateur astronomy)"><img alt="Image 30Amateur astronomer recording observations of the sun. (from Amateur astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Hans_Oberndorfer_2.JPG/120px-Hans_Oberndorfer_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Hans_Oberndorfer_2.JPG/180px-Hans_Oberndorfer_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Hans_Oberndorfer_2.JPG/240px-Hans_Oberndorfer_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2665" data-file-height="2001" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 30</span></span>Amateur astronomer recording observations of the sun. (from <b><a href="/wiki/Amateur_astronomy" title="Amateur astronomy">Amateur astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Astronoomiahuvilised.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 31An assembly in Estonia to observe meteors (from Observational astronomy)"><img alt="Image 31An assembly in Estonia to observe meteors (from Observational astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Astronoomiahuvilised.jpg/120px-Astronoomiahuvilised.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Astronoomiahuvilised.jpg/180px-Astronoomiahuvilised.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Astronoomiahuvilised.jpg/240px-Astronoomiahuvilised.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4016" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 31</span></span>An assembly in <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a> to observe <a href="/wiki/Perseids" title="Perseids">meteors</a> (from <b><a href="/wiki/Observational_astronomy" title="Observational astronomy">Observational astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Outreach,_one_of_the_most_rewarding_jobs_(4798622790).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 32Amateur astronomy groups are often involved in outreach to introduce astronomy to the general public (from Amateur astronomy)"><img alt="Image 32Amateur astronomy groups are often involved in outreach to introduce astronomy to the general public (from Amateur astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Outreach%2C_one_of_the_most_rewarding_jobs_%284798622790%29.jpg/120px-Outreach%2C_one_of_the_most_rewarding_jobs_%284798622790%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Outreach%2C_one_of_the_most_rewarding_jobs_%284798622790%29.jpg/180px-Outreach%2C_one_of_the_most_rewarding_jobs_%284798622790%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Outreach%2C_one_of_the_most_rewarding_jobs_%284798622790%29.jpg/240px-Outreach%2C_one_of_the_most_rewarding_jobs_%284798622790%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 32</span></span>Amateur astronomy groups are often involved in outreach to introduce astronomy to the general public (from <b><a href="/wiki/Amateur_astronomy" title="Amateur astronomy">Amateur astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Starwatching.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 33An amateur astrophotography setup with an automated guide system connected to a laptop (from Observational astronomy)"><img alt="Image 33An amateur astrophotography setup with an automated guide system connected to a laptop (from Observational astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Starwatching.jpg/90px-Starwatching.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Starwatching.jpg/135px-Starwatching.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Starwatching.jpg/180px-Starwatching.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 33</span></span>An amateur astrophotography setup with an automated guide system connected to a laptop (from <b><a href="/wiki/Observational_astronomy" title="Observational astronomy">Observational astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Quito_Observatory_04.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 34One of the Oldest Observatories in South America is the Quito Astronomical Observatory, founded in 1873 and located 12 minutes south of the Equator in Quito, Ecuador. The Quito Astronomical Observatory is the National Observatory of Ecuador and is located in the Historic Center of Quito and is managed by the National Polytechnic School. (from Observational astronomy)"><img alt="Image 34One of the Oldest Observatories in South America is the Quito Astronomical Observatory, founded in 1873 and located 12 minutes south of the Equator in Quito, Ecuador. The Quito Astronomical Observatory is the National Observatory of Ecuador and is located in the Historic Center of Quito and is managed by the National Polytechnic School. (from Observational astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Quito_Observatory_04.JPG/120px-Quito_Observatory_04.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Quito_Observatory_04.JPG/180px-Quito_Observatory_04.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Quito_Observatory_04.JPG/240px-Quito_Observatory_04.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 34</span></span>One of the Oldest Observatories in <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Quito_Astronomical_Observatory" title="Quito Astronomical Observatory">Quito Astronomical Observatory</a>, founded in 1873 and located 12 minutes south of the <a href="/wiki/Equator" title="Equator">Equator</a> in Quito, Ecuador. The Quito Astronomical Observatory is the National Observatory of Ecuador and is located in the Historic Center of Quito and is managed by the <a href="/wiki/National_Polytechnic_School" class="mw-redirect" title="National Polytechnic School">National Polytechnic School</a>. (from <b><a href="/wiki/Observational_astronomy" title="Observational astronomy">Observational astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Berlin_Gold_hat_calendar.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 35Calendrical functions of the Berlin Gold Hat c.&#160;1000&#160;BC (from History of astronomy)"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Berlin_Gold_hat_calendar.jpg/120px-Berlin_Gold_hat_calendar.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Berlin_Gold_hat_calendar.jpg/180px-Berlin_Gold_hat_calendar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Berlin_Gold_hat_calendar.jpg/240px-Berlin_Gold_hat_calendar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1008" data-file-height="626" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 35</span></span>Calendrical functions of the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Gold_Hat" title="Berlin Gold Hat">Berlin Gold Hat</a> c.&#160;1000&#160;BC (from <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History of astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aratea_93v.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 369th-century diagram of the positions of the seven planets on 18 March 816, from the Leiden Aratea (from History of astronomy)"><img alt="Image 369th-century diagram of the positions of the seven planets on 18 March 816, from the Leiden Aratea (from History of astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Aratea_93v.jpg/105px-Aratea_93v.jpg" decoding="async" width="105" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Aratea_93v.jpg/158px-Aratea_93v.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Aratea_93v.jpg/211px-Aratea_93v.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1367" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 36</span></span>9th-century diagram of the positions of the <a href="/wiki/Classical_planet" title="Classical planet">seven planets</a> on 18 March 816, from the <a href="/wiki/Leiden_Aratea" title="Leiden Aratea">Leiden Aratea</a> (from <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History of astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:History_of_the_Universe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 37History of the Universe – gravitational waves are hypothesized to arise from cosmic inflation, a rapidly accelerated expansion just after the Big Bang (from Physical cosmology)"><img alt="Image 37History of the Universe – gravitational waves are hypothesized to arise from cosmic inflation, a rapidly accelerated expansion just after the Big Bang (from Physical cosmology)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/History_of_the_Universe.svg/120px-History_of_the_Universe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/History_of_the_Universe.svg/180px-History_of_the_Universe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/History_of_the_Universe.svg/240px-History_of_the_Universe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="396" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 37</span></span>History of the <a href="/wiki/Universe" title="Universe">Universe</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gravitational_wave" title="Gravitational wave">gravitational waves</a> are hypothesized to arise from <a href="/wiki/Inflation_(cosmology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Inflation (cosmology)">cosmic inflation</a>, a rapidly accelerated expansion just after the <a href="/wiki/Big_Bang" title="Big Bang">Big Bang</a> (from <b><a href="/wiki/Physical_cosmology" title="Physical cosmology">Physical cosmology</a></b>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ioannis_Bayeri_Rhainani_Vranometria_1661_(84132277)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image 38The Northern Hemisphere page from Johann Bayer&#39;s 1661 edition of Uranometria - the first atlas to have star charts covering the entire celestial sphere (from History of astronomy)"><img alt="Image 38The Northern Hemisphere page from Johann Bayer&#39;s 1661 edition of Uranometria - the first atlas to have star charts covering the entire celestial sphere (from History of astronomy)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Ioannis_Bayeri_Rhainani_Vranometria_1661_%2884132277%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Ioannis_Bayeri_Rhainani_Vranometria_1661_%2884132277%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Ioannis_Bayeri_Rhainani_Vranometria_1661_%2884132277%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Ioannis_Bayeri_Rhainani_Vranometria_1661_%2884132277%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Ioannis_Bayeri_Rhainani_Vranometria_1661_%2884132277%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-Ioannis_Bayeri_Rhainani_Vranometria_1661_%2884132277%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9667" data-file-height="7699" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none"><span class="randomSlideshow-sr-only">Image 38</span></span>The <a href="/wiki/Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere">Northern Hemisphere</a> page from <a href="/wiki/Johann_Bayer" title="Johann Bayer">Johann Bayer</a>'s 1661 edition of <i><a href="/wiki/Uranometria" title="Uranometria">Uranometria</a></i> - the first <a href="/wiki/Atlas" title="Atlas">atlas</a> to have <a href="/wiki/Star_chart" title="Star chart">star charts</a> covering the entire <a href="/wiki/Celestial_sphere" title="Celestial sphere">celestial sphere</a> (from <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History of astronomy</a></b>)</div> </li> </ul></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div></div></div> <div style="text-align:center; margin:0.25em auto 0.75em"><span class="noprint plainlinks purgelink"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Astronomy&amp;action=purge"><span title="Purge this page"><b>Refresh with new selections below (purge)</b></span></a></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r996214246"><div class="flex-columns-container"><div class="flex-columns-column"><div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#ccccff;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"></div><h2 id="Featured_article_-_show_another" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cscr-featured.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/23px-Cscr-featured.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/35px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/46px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="443" /></a></span> Featured article - <span class="noprint plainlinks purgelink"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Astronomy&amp;action=purge"><span title="Purge this page"><small><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkblue"><i>show another</i></span></small></span></a></span></h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fcfcfc;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <div style="text-align: center;"><i><small>This is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FA" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:FA">Featured article</a>, which represents some of the best content on English Wikipedia.</small></i></div> <hr /> <figure class="mw-halign-left skin-invert" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mars_symbol_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mars_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/24px-Mars_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mars_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/36px-Mars_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mars_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/48px-Mars_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a><figcaption>♂</figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a></b> is the fourth <a href="/wiki/Planet" title="Planet">planet</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Mars_surface_color" title="Mars surface color">surface of Mars is orange-red</a> because it is covered in <a href="/wiki/Iron(III)_oxide" title="Iron(III) oxide">iron(III) oxide</a> dust, giving it the nickname "<b>the Red Planet</b>". Mars is among the <a href="/wiki/List_of_brightest_natural_objects_in_the_sky" title="List of brightest natural objects in the sky">brightest objects in Earth's sky</a>, and its high-contrast <a href="/wiki/Albedo_feature" title="Albedo feature">albedo features</a> have made it a common subject for <a href="/wiki/Telescope" title="Telescope">telescope</a> viewing. It is classified as a <a href="/wiki/Terrestrial_planet" title="Terrestrial planet">terrestrial planet</a> and is the second smallest of the <a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a>'s planets with a diameter of 6,779&#160;km (4,212&#160;mi). In terms of orbital motion, a Martian solar day (<a href="/wiki/Mars_sol" title="Mars sol">sol</a>) is equal to 24.6 hours, and a <a href="/wiki/Timekeeping_on_Mars" title="Timekeeping on Mars">Martian solar year</a> is equal to 1.88 Earth years (687 Earth days). Mars has <a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Mars" title="Moons of Mars">two natural satellites</a> that are small and irregular in shape: <a href="/wiki/Phobos_(moon)" title="Phobos (moon)">Phobos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Deimos_(moon)" title="Deimos (moon)">Deimos</a>. </p><p>The relatively flat <a href="/wiki/Plain" title="Plain">plains</a> in northern parts of Mars strongly contrast with the cratered terrain in southern <a href="/wiki/Highland" title="Highland">highlands</a> – this terrain observation is known as the <a href="/wiki/Martian_dichotomy" title="Martian dichotomy">Martian dichotomy</a>. Mars hosts many enormous extinct <a href="/wiki/Volcano" title="Volcano">volcanoes</a> (the tallest is <a href="/wiki/Olympus_Mons" title="Olympus Mons">Olympus Mons</a>, 21.9&#160;km or 13.6&#160;mi tall) and one of the largest <a href="/wiki/Canyon" title="Canyon">canyons</a> in the Solar System (<a href="/wiki/Valles_Marineris" title="Valles Marineris">Valles Marineris</a>, 4,000&#160;km or 2,500&#160;mi long). <a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Mars" title="Geology of Mars">Geologically</a>, the planet is fairly active with <a href="/wiki/Marsquake" title="Marsquake">marsquakes</a> trembling underneath the ground, <a href="/wiki/Martian_dust_devils" title="Martian dust devils">dust devils</a> sweeping across the landscape, and <a href="/wiki/Cirrus_cloud" title="Cirrus cloud">cirrus clouds</a>. <a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide">Carbon dioxide</a> is substantially present in Mars's <a href="/wiki/Polar_ice_cap" title="Polar ice cap">polar ice caps</a> and <a href="/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Mars" title="Atmosphere of Mars">thin atmosphere</a>. During a year, there are large surface temperature swings on the surface between −78.5&#160;°C (−109.3&#160;°F) to 5.7&#160;°C (42.3&#160;°F) similar to Earth's <a href="/wiki/Season" title="Season">seasons</a>, as both planets have significant <a href="/wiki/Axial_tilt" title="Axial tilt">axial tilt</a>, Earth at 23.5 degrees and Mars at 25 degrees. (<b><a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Full article...</a></b>)<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1256386598">.mw-parser-output .cot-header-mainspace{background:#F0F2F5;color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cot-header-other{background:#CCFFCC;color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cot-header-mainspace{background:#14181F;color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cot-header-other{background:#003500;color:inherit}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cot-header-mainspace{background:#14181F;color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cot-header-other{background:#003500;color:inherit}}</style> </p> <div style="margin-left:0"> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-archivedtalk mw-collapsed" style="color:inherit; background: transparent; text-align: left; border: 1px solid Silver; margin: 0.2em auto auto; width:100%; clear: both; padding: 1px;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="cot-header-other" style="background:fff; font-size:87%; padding:0.2em 0.3em; text-align:center; color:#202122"><div style="font-size:115%;margin:0 4em"><span style="font-size:85%;">List of featured articles</span></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; border: solid 1px Silver; padding: 0.6em; background: var(--background-color-base, #fff);"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vega" title="Vega">Vega</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/GRB_970508" title="GRB 970508">GRB 970508</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Titan_(moon)" title="Titan (moon)">Titan (moon)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Definition_of_planet" title="Definition of planet">Definition of planet</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_(moon)" title="Ariel (moon)">Ariel (moon)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Umbriel_(moon)" class="mw-redirect" title="Umbriel (moon)">Umbriel (moon)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Triton_(moon)" title="Triton (moon)">Triton (moon)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Bang" title="Big Bang">Big Bang</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Transit_of_Venus" title="Transit of Venus">Transit of Venus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%27s_Eye_Nebula" title="Cat&#39;s Eye Nebula">Cat's Eye Nebula</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_8" title="Apollo 8">Apollo 8</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kreutz_sungrazer" title="Kreutz sungrazer">Kreutz sungrazer</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Astrophysics_Data_System" title="Astrophysics Data System">Astrophysics Data System</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Shoemaker%E2%80%93Levy_9" title="Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9">Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury (planet)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Io_(moon)" title="Io (moon)">Io (moon)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Comet_Hale%E2%80%93Bopp" title="Comet Hale–Bopp">Comet Hale–Bopp</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hubble_Deep_Field" title="Hubble Deep Field">Hubble Deep Field</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/H_II_region" title="H II region">H II region</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Barnard%27s_Star" title="Barnard&#39;s Star">Barnard's Star</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Globular_cluster" title="Globular cluster">Globular cluster</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Hubble Space Telescope">Hubble Space Telescope</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy" title="Galaxy">Galaxy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Johannes Kepler</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Herbig%E2%80%93Haro_object" title="Herbig–Haro object">Herbig–Haro object</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Enceladus" title="Enceladus">Enceladus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Callisto_(moon)" title="Callisto (moon)">Callisto (moon)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Scattered_disc" title="Scattered disc">Scattered disc</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/IK_Pegasi" title="IK Pegasi">IK Pegasi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Ceti" title="Tau Ceti">Tau Ceti</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/White_dwarf" title="White dwarf">White dwarf</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/General_relativity" title="General relativity">General relativity</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Redshift" title="Redshift">Redshift</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Jupiter" title="Atmosphere of Jupiter">Atmosphere of Jupiter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Heng" title="Zhang Heng">Zhang Heng</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">Supernova</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Uranus" title="Rings of Uranus">Rings of Uranus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gamma-ray_burst" title="Gamma-ray burst">Gamma-ray burst</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Nebular_hypothesis" title="Nebular hypothesis">Nebular hypothesis</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/243_Ida" title="243 Ida">243 Ida</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(dwarf_planet)" title="Eris (dwarf planet)">Eris (dwarf planet)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Main_sequence" title="Main sequence">Main sequence</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Star" title="Star">Star</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(constellation)" title="Andromeda (constellation)">Andromeda (constellation)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Proxima_Centauri" title="Proxima Centauri">Proxima Centauri</a></li></ul></div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#ccccff;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AAstronomy%2FDid_you_know%2F1&amp;action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a>&#160;</div><h2 id="Did_you_know_-_show_different_entries" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Did you know - <span class="noprint plainlinks purgelink"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Astronomy&amp;action=purge"><span title="Purge this page"><small><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkblue"><i>show different entries</i></span></small></span></a></span></h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fcfcfc;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <ul><li>... that 12th-century <a href="/wiki/Islamic_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic science">Muslim scientist</a> <b><a href="/wiki/Al-Khazini" title="Al-Khazini">Al-Khazini</a></b>, who proposed a theory of <a href="/wiki/Gravitation" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravitation">gravitation</a> long before <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a>, was, in his early life, a <a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">slave</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Seljuq_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Seljuq dynasty">Seljuq Turks</a>?</li> <li>... that <b><a href="/wiki/Kepler-47c" title="Kepler-47c">Kepler-47c</a></b> is a <a href="/wiki/Circumbinary_planet" title="Circumbinary planet">circumbinary planet</a> orbiting in the <a href="/wiki/Habitable_zone" title="Habitable zone">habitable zone</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kepler-47" title="Kepler-47">Kepler-47</a>, a binary star system?</li> <li>... that two high school students used the automated telescope at <b><a href="/wiki/Leuschner_Observatory" title="Leuschner Observatory">Leuschner Observatory</a></b> to record the earliest images of <a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">supernova</a> <b><a href="/wiki/SN_1994I" title="SN 1994I">SN 1994I</a></b>?</li> <li>... that the <a href="/wiki/Kuiper_(crater_on_Mercury)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuiper (crater on Mercury)">Kuiper crater</a> in the <b><a href="/wiki/Kuiper_quadrangle" title="Kuiper quadrangle">Kuiper quadrangle</a></b>, named after Dutch American astronomer <a href="/wiki/Gerard_Kuiper" title="Gerard Kuiper">Gerard Kuiper</a>, has the highest <a href="/wiki/Albedo" title="Albedo">albedo</a> recorded on <a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a>?</li> <li>...that Mt. <b><a href="/wiki/Olympus_Mons" title="Olympus Mons">Olympus Mons</a></b> on <i><a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a></i> is the highest peak in the solar system?</li></ul> <div class="noprint" style="margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Did_you_know" title="Portal:Astronomy/Did you know">More Did you know facts</a></b></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#ccccff;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"></div><h2 id="More_Did_you_know_(auto_generated)" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em"><span id="More_Did_you_know_.28auto_generated.29"></span>More Did you know <small>(auto generated)</small></h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fcfcfc;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_filetypes.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Nuvola_apps_filetypes.svg/47px-Nuvola_apps_filetypes.svg.png" decoding="async" width="47" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Nuvola_apps_filetypes.svg/71px-Nuvola_apps_filetypes.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Nuvola_apps_filetypes.svg/94px-Nuvola_apps_filetypes.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>... that the star <b><a href="/wiki/TRAPPIST-1" title="TRAPPIST-1"><span class="nowrap">TRAPPIST-1</span></a></b> has seven planets, several of which may <a href="/wiki/Circumstellar_habitable_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Circumstellar habitable zone">have temperatures that would allow the existence of liquid water</a> <i>(artist's impression depicted)</i><span style="padding-left:0.15em;">&#63;</span></li> <li>... that novelist <a href="/wiki/Hal_Clement" title="Hal Clement">Hal Clement</a> created the planet <b><a href="/wiki/Mesklin" title="Mesklin">Mesklin</a></b> in 1953 based on the real-world suspected detection of an <a href="/wiki/Exoplanet" title="Exoplanet">extrasolar planet</a>?</li> <li>... that a profile of artist <b><a href="/wiki/Mark_Hearld" title="Mark Hearld">Mark Hearld</a></b> said his "wrens and squirrels, field mice and owls" help a child care about the planet better than telling them it is burning?</li> <li>... that <b><a href="/wiki/Fictional_planets_of_the_Solar_System" title="Fictional planets of the Solar System">fictional planets of the Solar System</a></b> include planets between Venus and Earth, planets on the inside of a <a href="/wiki/Hollow_Earth" title="Hollow Earth">hollow Earth</a>, and a planet "behind the Earth"?</li> <li>... that the <b><a href="/wiki/Springfield_Science_Museum" title="Springfield Science Museum">Springfield Science Museum</a></b> is home to the oldest operating projection <a href="/wiki/Planetarium" title="Planetarium">planetarium</a> in the United States?</li> <li>... that examples of <b><a href="/wiki/Artificial_planet" title="Artificial planet">artificial planets</a></b> in science fiction include <a href="/wiki/Riverworld" title="Riverworld">Riverworld</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Well_World" title="Well World">Well World</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Death_Star" title="Death Star">Death Star</a>?</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#ccccff;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AAstronomy%2FProjects&amp;action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a>&#160;</div><h2 id="WikiProjects" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">WikiProjects</h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fcfcfc;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <table style="width:100%;border:solid 0px #FFFFFF;background-color:transparent;text-align:center;padding:0px;padding-top:1em;" cellspacing="0px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:33%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Astronomy" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Astronomy"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/55px-Crab_Nebula.jpg" decoding="async" width="55" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/83px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/110px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3864" data-file-height="3864" /></a></span> </td> <td style="width:33%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Solar_System" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Solar System"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/44px-Solar_system.jpg" decoding="async" width="44" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/67px-Solar_system.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/88px-Solar_system.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="5600" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Astronomy" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Astronomy">WikiProject Astronomy</a></b> </th> <th><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Solar_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Solar System">WikiProject Solar System</a></b> </th></tr> <tr> <td><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Cosmology" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Cosmology"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/WMAP_2012.png/55px-WMAP_2012.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/WMAP_2012.png/83px-WMAP_2012.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/WMAP_2012.png/110px-WMAP_2012.png 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Spaceflight" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Spaceflight"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/55px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/83px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/110px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="padding:0px;"> <th><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Cosmology" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Cosmology">WikiProject Cosmology</a></b> </th> <th><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Spaceflight" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Spaceflight">WikiProject Spaceflight</a></b> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div></div><div class="flex-columns-column"><div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#ccccff;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AAstronomy%2FPicture%2F52&amp;action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a>&#160;</div><h2 id="Selected_image_-_show_another" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Selected image - <span class="noprint plainlinks purgelink"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Astronomy&amp;action=purge"><span title="Purge this page"><small><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkblue"><i>show another</i></span></small></span></a></span></h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fcfcfc;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NGC_2371.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/NGC_2371.jpg/360px-NGC_2371.jpg" decoding="async" width="360" height="360" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/NGC_2371.jpg/540px-NGC_2371.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/NGC_2371.jpg/720px-NGC_2371.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <table class="noprint" width="100%" border="0" style="padding: 0; margin: 0; background-color:transparent"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center;" width="33%"><small>Credit: English Wikipedia en:user:Friendlystar</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>NGC 2371-2</b> is a dual lobed <a href="/wiki/Planetary_nebula" title="Planetary nebula">planetary nebula</a> located in the <a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">constellation</a> <a href="/wiki/Gemini_(constellation)" title="Gemini (constellation)">Gemini</a>. At 13th magnitude, this nebula is well within the limits of most amateur telescopes. </p> <table class="noprint" width="100%" border="0" style="padding: 0; margin: 0; background-color:transparent"> <tbody><tr> <td width="33%"><div style="text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Picture#Selections" title="Portal:Astronomy/Picture">More selected pictures</a></b></div></td> <td> <div style="text-align:right;margin-right:10px;margin-bottom:4px;"> <p><b><a href="/wiki/NGC_2371-2" title="NGC 2371-2">Read more</a></b> </p> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#ccccff;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2025_in_space" title="Template:2025 in space"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2025_in_space" title="Template talk:2025 in space"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2025_in_space" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2025 in space"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="2025_in_space902" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2025 in space</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><div style="float: left;"> «&#160;<a href="/wiki/Template:2024_in_space" title="Template:2024 in space">2024</a></div> <div style="float: right;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:2026_in_space&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:2026 in space (page does not exist)">2026</a>&#160;»</div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2025_in_spaceflight" title="2025 in spaceflight">Space probe launches</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Category:Space_probes_launched_in_2025" title="Category:Space probes launched in 2025"><img alt="Space probes launched in 2025" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/15px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/30px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hakuto-R_Mission_2" title="Hakuto-R Mission 2">Hakuto-R Mission 2</a> (January)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Ghost_Mission_1" title="Blue Ghost Mission 1">Blue Ghost Mission 1</a> (January)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IM-2" title="IM-2">IM-2</a> (February)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPHEREx" title="SPHEREx">SPHEREx</a> (February)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Rider" title="Space Rider">Space Rider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianwen-2" title="Tianwen-2">Tianwen-2</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding-left: 0.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Close-up_of_the_Einstein_ring_around_galaxy_NGC_6505_ESA506346.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Close-up_of_the_Einstein_ring_around_galaxy_NGC_6505_ESA506346.jpg/200px-Close-up_of_the_Einstein_ring_around_galaxy_NGC_6505_ESA506346.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Close-up_of_the_Einstein_ring_around_galaxy_NGC_6505_ESA506346.jpg/300px-Close-up_of_the_Einstein_ring_around_galaxy_NGC_6505_ESA506346.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Close-up_of_the_Einstein_ring_around_galaxy_NGC_6505_ESA506346.jpg/400px-Close-up_of_the_Einstein_ring_around_galaxy_NGC_6505_ESA506346.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Selected <a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_object" title="Near-Earth object">NEOs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_asteroid_close_approaches_to_Earth_in_2025&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="List of asteroid close approaches to Earth in 2025 (page does not exist)">Asteroid close approaches</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2024_YR4" title="2024 YR4">2024 YR<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">4</span></span></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discoveries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NGC_6505#Altieri&#39;s_lens" title="NGC 6505">Altieri's lens</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_exoplanets_discovered_in_2025" title="List of exoplanets discovered in 2025">Exoplanets</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Category:Exoplanets_discovered_in_2025" title="Category:Exoplanets discovered in 2025"><img alt="Exoplanets discovered in 2025" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/15px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/30px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaia_4b&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaia 4b (page does not exist)">Gaia 4b</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaia_5b&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaia 5b (page does not exist)">Gaia 5b</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comets <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Category:Comets_in_2025" title="Category:Comets in 2025"><img alt="Comets in 2025" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/15px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/30px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C/2024_G3_(ATLAS)" title="C/2024 G3 (ATLAS)">C/2024 G3 (ATLAS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/2024_L5_(ATLAS)" title="C/2024 L5 (ATLAS)">C/2024 L5 (ATLAS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/210P/Christensen" title="210P/Christensen">210P/Christensen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/32px-Earth-moon.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/48px-Earth-moon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/64px-Earth-moon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Outer_space" title="Portal:Outer space">Outer space&#32;portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:2024_in_outer_space" title="Category:2024 in outer space">Category:2024 in outer space</a> — <b><a href="/wiki/Category:2025_in_outer_space" title="Category:2025 in outer space">Category:2025 in outer space</a></b> — <a href="/wiki/Category:2026_in_outer_space" title="Category:2026 in outer space">Category:2026 in outer space</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2025_in_science" title="2025 in science">2025 in science</a></div> <dl><dt><span style="font-weight:normal;">21 November 2024 –</span></dt> <dd>The <a href="/wiki/European_Southern_Observatory" title="European Southern Observatory">European Southern Observatory</a> announces that its astronomers in <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> capture the first close-up image of a <a href="/wiki/WOH_G64" title="WOH G64">star</a> outside the <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/21/science/behemoth-star-closeup-picture.html">(<i>The New York Times</i>)</a></dd> <dt><span style="font-weight:normal;">20 November 2024 –</span> <a href="/wiki/Discoveries_of_exoplanets" title="Discoveries of exoplanets">Discoveries of exoplanets</a></dt> <dd>In a study published by the <a href="/wiki/Nature_(journal)" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a> journal, astronomers announce the discovery of <a href="/wiki/IRAS_04125%2B2902_b" title="IRAS 04125+2902 b">IRAS 04125+2902 b</a>, a newborn <a href="/wiki/Exoplanet" title="Exoplanet">exoplanet</a>. The discovery was made by Madyson Barber, a graduate student at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill" title="University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill">University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08123-3">(<i>Nature</i>)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/grad-study-discovers-planet-orbiting-nearby-star-astronomers/story?id=116006890">(ABC News)</a></dd></dl> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#ccccff;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AAstronomy%2FAnniversaries%2FFebruary&amp;action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a>&#160;</div><h2 id="February_anniversaries" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">February anniversaries</h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fcfcfc;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <ul><li>5 February 1974 &#8211; <a href="/wiki/Mariner_10" title="Mariner 10">Mariner 10</a> becomes the first spacecraft to use a <a href="/wiki/Gravity_assist" title="Gravity assist">gravity assist</a> when it flies by <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a> in order to reach <a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a></li> <li>5 February 2002 &#8211; <a href="/wiki/HESSI" class="mw-redirect" title="HESSI">HESSI</a> (High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager) solar flare observatory is launched on a mission to explore the physics of <a href="/wiki/Particle_acceleration" title="Particle acceleration">particle acceleration</a> and energy release in <a href="/wiki/Solar_flare" title="Solar flare">solar flares</a></li> <li>10 February 2002 &#8211; <a href="/wiki/Solar_Orbiter" title="Solar Orbiter">Solar Orbiter</a> is launched to perform detailed measurements of the inner <a href="/wiki/Heliosphere" title="Heliosphere">heliosphere</a> and nascent <a href="/wiki/Solar_wind" title="Solar wind">solar wind</a>, and perform close observations of the polar regions of the Sun</li> <li>15 February 1845 &#8211; The <a href="/wiki/Leviathan_of_Parsonstown" title="Leviathan of Parsonstown">Leviathan of Parsonstown</a>, the world's largest telescope from 1845 to 1917, sees <a href="/wiki/First_light_(astronomy)" title="First light (astronomy)">first light</a></li> <li>18 February 1930 &#8211; 23-year-old astronomer <a href="/wiki/Clyde_Tombaugh" title="Clyde Tombaugh">Clyde Tombaugh</a> discovers <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> by using a <a href="/wiki/Blink_comparator" title="Blink comparator">blink comparator</a> on photographs he took in the previous month at <a href="/wiki/Lowell_Observatory" title="Lowell Observatory">Lowell Observatory</a></li> <li>25 February 2002 &#8211; <a href="/wiki/Mariner_6" class="mw-redirect" title="Mariner 6">Mariner 6</a> is launched to study the surface and atmosphere of <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a> during close flybys</li></ul> <div class="noprint" style="margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; text-align:right;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Anniversaries" title="Portal:Astronomy/Anniversaries">More anniversaries</a></b></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#ccccff;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AAstronomy%2FPortals&amp;action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a>&#160;</div><h2 id="Space-related_Portals" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Space-related Portals</h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fcfcfc;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-unbordered portal-bar-related" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><ul class="portal-bar-content portal-bar-content-related"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:He1523a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/22px-He1523a.jpg" decoding="async" width="22" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/33px-He1523a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/43px-He1523a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Stars" title="Portal:Stars">Stars</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/25px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/38px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/50px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight" title="Portal:Spaceflight">Spaceflight</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/27px-Earth-moon.jpg" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/41px-Earth-moon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/54px-Earth-moon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Outer_space" title="Portal:Outer space">Outer space</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/20px-Solar_system.jpg" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/30px-Solar_system.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/40px-Solar_system.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="5600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Solar_System" title="Portal:Solar System">Solar System</a></li></ul></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div></div></div> <div style="width:100%"> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#ccccff;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AAstronomy%2FEvents%2FFebruary_2025&amp;action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a>&#160;</div><h2 id="Astronomical_events" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Astronomical events</h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fcfcfc;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <p><i>All times <a href="/wiki/Universal_Time" title="Universal Time">UT</a> unless otherwise specified.</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2025&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2025 (page does not exist)">Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2025</a> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Celestial_events_by_month84" style="width: 65em;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Celestial_events_by_month_links" title="Template:Celestial events by month links"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Celestial_events_by_month_links" title="Template talk:Celestial events by month links"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Celestial_events_by_month_links" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Celestial events by month links"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Celestial_events_by_month84" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Celestial events by month</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Portal:Astronomy</a></b> and <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Outer_space" title="Portal:Outer space">Portal:Outer space</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2025</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2025" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2025">January</a></li> <li>February</li> <li>March</li> <li>April</li> <li>May</li> <li>June</li> <li>July</li> <li>August</li> <li>September</li> <li>October</li> <li>November</li> <li>December</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="21" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_space.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/P_space.png" decoding="async" width="77" height="68" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="77" data-file-height="68" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2024</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2024" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2024">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2024" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2024">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2024" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2024">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2024" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2024">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2024" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2024">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2024" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2024">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2024" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2024">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2024" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2024">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2024" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2024">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2024" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2024">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2024" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2024">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2024" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2024">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2023</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2023" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2023">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2023" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2023">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2023" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2023">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2023" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2023">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2023" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2023">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2023" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2023">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2023" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2023">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2023" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2023">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2023" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2023">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2023" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2023">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2023" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2023">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2023" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2023">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2022</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2022" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2022">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2022" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2022">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2022" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2022">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2022" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2022">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2022" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2022">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2022" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2022">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2022" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2022">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2022" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2022">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2022" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2022">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2022" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2022">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2022" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2022">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2022" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2022">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2021</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2021" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2021">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2021" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2021">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2021" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2021">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2021" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2021">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2021" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2021">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2021" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2021">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2021" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2021">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2021" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2021">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2021" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2021">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2021" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2021">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2021" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2021">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2021" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2021">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2020" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2020">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2020" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2020">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2020" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2020">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2020" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2020">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2020" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2020">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2020" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2020">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2020" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2020">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2020" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2020">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2020" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2020">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2020" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2020">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2020" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2020">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2020" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2020">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2019</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2019" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2019">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2019" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2019">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2019" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2019">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2019" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2019">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2019" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2019">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2019" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2019">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2019" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2019">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2019" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2019">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2019" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2019">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2019" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2019">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2019" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2019">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2019" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2019">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2018</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2018" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2018">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2018" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2018">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2018" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2018">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2018" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2018">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2018" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2018">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2018" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2018">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2018" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2018">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2018" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2018">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2018" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2018">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2018" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2018">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2018" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2018">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2018" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2018">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2017</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2017" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2017">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2017" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2017">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2017" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2017">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2017" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2017">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2017" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2017">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2017" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2017">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2017" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2017">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2017" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2017">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2017" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2017">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2017" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2017">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2017" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2017">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2017" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2017">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2016</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2016" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2016">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2016" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2016">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2016" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2016">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2016" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2016">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2016" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2016">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2016" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2016">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2016" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2016">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2016" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2016">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2016" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2016">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2016" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2016">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2016" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2016">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2016" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2016">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/2015" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/2015">2015</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2015" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2015">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2015" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2015">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2015" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2015">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2015" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2015">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2015" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2015">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2015" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2015">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2015" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2015">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2015" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2015">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2015" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2015">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2015" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2015">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2015" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2015">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2015" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2015">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/2014" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/2014">2014</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2014" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2014">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2014" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2014">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2014" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2014">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2014" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2014">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2014" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2014">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2014" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2014">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2014" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2014">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2014" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2014">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2014" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2014">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2014" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2014">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2014" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2014">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2014" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2014">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/2013" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/2013">2013</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2013" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2013">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2013" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2013">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2013" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2013">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2013" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2013">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2013" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2013">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2013" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2013">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2013" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2013">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2013" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2013">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2013" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2013">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2013" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2013">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2013" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2013">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2013" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2013">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2012</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2012" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2012">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2012" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2012">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2012" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2012">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2012" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2012">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2012" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2012">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2012" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2012">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2012" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2012">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2012" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2012">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2012" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2012">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2012" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2012">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2012" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2012">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2012" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2012">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/2011" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/2011">2011</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2011" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2011">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2011" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2011">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2011" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2011">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2011" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2011">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2011" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2011">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2011" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2011">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2011" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2011">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2011" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2011">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2011" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2011">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2011" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2011">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2011" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2011">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2011" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2011">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/2010" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/2010">2010</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2010" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2010">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2010" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2010">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2010" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2010">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2010" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2010">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2010" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2010">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2010" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2010">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2010" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2010">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2010" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2010">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2010" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2010">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2010" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2010">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2010" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2010">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2010" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2010">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/2009" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/2009">2009</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2009" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2009">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2009" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2009">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2009" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2009">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2009" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2009">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2009" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2009">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2009" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2009">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2009" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2009">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2009" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2009">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2009" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2009">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2009" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2009">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2009" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2009">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2009" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2009">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/2008" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/2008">2008</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2008" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2008">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2008" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2008">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2008" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2008">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2008" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2008">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2008" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2008">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2008" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2008">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2008" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2008">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2008" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2008">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2008" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2008">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2008" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2008">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2008" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2008">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2008" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2008">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/2007" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/2007">2007</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2007" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2007">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2007" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2007">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2007" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2007">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2007" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2007">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2007" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2007">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2007" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2007">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2007" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2007">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2007" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2007">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2007" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2007">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2007" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2007">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2007" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2007">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2007" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2007">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/2006" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/2006">2006</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/January_2006" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/January 2006">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/February_2006" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/February 2006">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/March_2006" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/March 2006">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/April_2006" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/April 2006">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2006" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2006">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2006" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2006">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2006" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2006">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2006" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2006">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2006" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2006">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2006" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2006">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2006" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2006">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2006" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2006">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/2005" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/2005">2005</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>January</li> <li>February</li> <li>March</li> <li>April</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/May_2005" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/May 2005">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/June_2005" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/June 2005">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/July_2005" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/July 2005">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/August_2005" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/August 2005">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/September_2005" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/September 2005">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/October_2005" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/October 2005">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/November_2005" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/November 2005">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy/Events/December_2005" title="Portal:Astronomy/Events/December 2005">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#ccccff;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AAstronomy%2FBasics&amp;action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a>&#160;</div><h2 id="Topics" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Topics</h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fcfcfc;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049300">.mw-parser-output .PlainNavboxes .navbox,.mw-parser-output .PlainNavboxes .navbox th,.mw-parser-output .PlainNavboxes .navbox tr,.mw-parser-output .PlainNavboxes .navbox td,.mw-parser-output .PlainNavboxes .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .PlainNavboxes .navbox-subgroup,.mw-parser-output .PlainNavboxes .navbox tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .PlainNavboxes .navbox tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .PlainNavboxes .navbox tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output .PlainNavboxes .navbox tr+tr>.navbox-list,.mw-parser-output .PlainNavboxes .navbox-even,.mw-parser-output .PlainNavboxes .navbox-odd,.mw-parser-output .PlainNavboxes .navbox span,.mw-parser-output .PlainNavboxes .navbox abbr{background-color:transparent!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:transparent!important;box-shadow:none!important}</style> <div class="PlainNavboxes"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Astronomy559" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Astronomy_navbox" title="Template:Astronomy navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Astronomy_navbox" title="Template talk:Astronomy navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Astronomy_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Astronomy navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Astronomy559" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">Astronomy</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_astronomy" title="Outline of astronomy">Outline</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_astronomy" title="Timeline of astronomy">Timeline</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astronomer" title="Astronomer">Astronomer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_symbols" title="Astronomical symbols">Astronomical symbols</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_object" title="Astronomical object">Astronomical object</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_astronomy" title="Glossary of astronomy">Glossary</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_topics_in_space" title="List of topics in space">... in space</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Astronomy by</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Manner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Amateur_astronomy" title="Amateur astronomy">Amateur</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Observational_astronomy" title="Observational astronomy">Observational</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidewalk_astronomy" title="Sidewalk astronomy">Sidewalk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Space_telescope" title="Space telescope">Space telescope</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Celestial subject</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Galactic_astronomy" title="Galactic astronomy">Galactic</a> / <a href="/wiki/Extragalactic_astronomy" title="Extragalactic astronomy">Extragalactic</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Local system</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Solar</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">EM methods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Radio_astronomy" title="Radio astronomy">Radio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Submillimetre_astronomy" title="Submillimetre astronomy">Submillimetre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Infrared_astronomy" title="Infrared astronomy">Infrared</a> (<span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Far-infrared_astronomy" title="Far-infrared astronomy">Far-infrared</a></span>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Visible-light_astronomy" title="Visible-light astronomy">Visible-light <span style="font-size:85%;">(optical)</span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet_astronomy" title="Ultraviolet astronomy">Ultraviolet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/X-ray_astronomy" title="X-ray astronomy">X-ray</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/History_of_X-ray_astronomy" title="History of X-ray astronomy">History</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gamma-ray_astronomy" title="Gamma-ray astronomy">Gamma-ray</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Other methods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Neutrino_astronomy" title="Neutrino astronomy">Neutrino</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_ray_astronomy" title="Cosmic ray astronomy">Cosmic rays</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gravitational-wave_astronomy" title="Gravitational-wave astronomy">Gravitational radiation</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/High-energy_astronomy" title="High-energy astronomy">High-energy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Radar_astronomy" title="Radar astronomy">Radar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Spherical_astronomy" title="Spherical astronomy">Spherical</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Multi-messenger_astronomy" title="Multi-messenger astronomy">Multi-messenger</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_astronomy" title="Cultural astronomy">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_astronomy" title="Australian Aboriginal astronomy">Australian Aboriginal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_astronomy" title="Babylonian astronomy">Babylonian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_astronomy" title="Chinese astronomy">Chinese</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_astronomy" title="Egyptian astronomy">Egyptian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_astronomy" title="Ancient Greek astronomy">Greek</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_astronomy" title="Hebrew astronomy">Hebrew</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Indian_astronomy" title="Indian astronomy">Indian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Inuit_astronomy" title="Inuit astronomy">Inuit</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maya_astronomy" title="Maya astronomy">Maya</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astronomy_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world" title="Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world">Medieval Islamic</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Persian_astronomy" title="Persian astronomy">Persian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astronomy_in_Serbia" title="Astronomy in Serbia">Serbian</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Serbian_folk_astronomy" title="Serbian folk astronomy">folk</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_astronomy" title="Tibetan astronomy">Tibetan</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Optical_telescope" title="Optical telescope">Optical<br />telescopes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_optical_telescopes" title="List of optical telescopes">List</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Category:Telescopes" title="Category:Telescopes">Category</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Extremely_large_telescope" title="Extremely large telescope">Extremely large telescope</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Extremely_Large_Telescope" title="Extremely Large Telescope">Extremely Large Telescope</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gran_Telescopio_Canarias" title="Gran Telescopio Canarias">Gran Telescopio Canarias</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hale_Telescope" title="Hale Telescope">Hale Telescope</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Hubble Space Telescope">Hubble Space Telescope</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/W._M._Keck_Observatory" title="W. M. Keck Observatory">Keck Observatory</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Large_Binocular_Telescope" title="Large Binocular Telescope">Large Binocular Telescope</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Southern_African_Large_Telescope" title="Southern African Large Telescope">Southern African Large Telescope</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Very_Large_Telescope" title="Very Large Telescope">Very Large Telescope</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Archaeoastronomy" title="Archaeoastronomy">Archaeoastronomy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astrobiology" title="Astrobiology">Astrobiology</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astrochemistry" title="Astrochemistry">Astrochemistry</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astroinformatics" title="Astroinformatics">Astroinformatics</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astrophysics" title="Astrophysics">Astrophysics</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astrology_and_astronomy" title="Astrology and astronomy">Astrology and astronomy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astrometry" title="Astrometry">Astrometry</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Astronomers_Monument" title="Astronomers Monument">Astronomers Monument</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astroparticle_physics" title="Astroparticle physics">Astroparticle physics</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Binoculars" title="Binoculars">Binoculars</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">Constellation</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/IAU_designated_constellations" title="IAU designated constellations">IAU</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Photometry_(astronomy)" title="Photometry (astronomy)">Photometry</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Planetarium" title="Planetarium">Planetarium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Planetary_geology" title="Planetary geology">Planetary geology</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Physical_cosmology" title="Physical cosmology">Physical cosmology</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Quantum_cosmology" title="Quantum cosmology">Quantum cosmology</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_astronomers" title="List of astronomers">List of astronomers</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_astronomers" title="List of French astronomers">French</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astronomy_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world#Notable_astronomers" title="Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world">Medieval Islamic</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_astronomers_and_astrophysicists" title="List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists">Russian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_women_astronomers" title="List of women astronomers">Women</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Telescope" title="Telescope">Telescope</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/X-ray_telescope" title="X-ray telescope">X-ray telescope</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_telescope" title="History of the telescope">history</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_telescopes" title="Lists of telescopes">lists</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zodiac" title="Zodiac">Zodiac</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Astronomy" title="Category:Astronomy">Category</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" 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science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Solar astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomy#Stellar_astronomy" title="Astronomy">Stellar astronomy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> </div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#ccccff;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AAstronomy%2FSubcategories&amp;action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a>&#160;</div><h2 id="Subcategories" 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class="CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{&quot;mode&quot;:0,&quot;hideprefix&quot;:20,&quot;showcount&quot;:false,&quot;namespaces&quot;:false,&quot;notranslations&quot;:false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Astronomy" data-ct-loaded="1" aria-expanded="true"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Astronomy" title="Category:Astronomy">Astronomy</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Astronomy_by_location" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Astronomy_by_location" title="Category:Astronomy by location">Astronomy by location</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span 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title="Category:Astronomical coordinate systems">Astronomical coordinate systems</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Astronomical_hypotheses" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Astronomical_hypotheses" title="Category:Astronomical hypotheses">Astronomical hypotheses</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Celestial_navigation" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Celestial_navigation" title="Category:Celestial navigation">Celestial navigation</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div 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class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Dark-sky_preserves" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Dark-sky_preserves" title="Category:Dark-sky preserves">Dark-sky preserves</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Astronomy_data_and_publications" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Astronomy_data_and_publications" title="Category:Astronomy data and publications">Astronomy data and publications</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a 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events</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="History_of_astronomy" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_astronomy" title="Category:History of astronomy">History of astronomy</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Astronomical_instruments" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Astronomical_instruments" title="Category:Astronomical instruments">Astronomical instruments</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span 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title="Category:Astronomy organizations">Astronomy organizations</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="People_associated_with_astronomy" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:People_associated_with_astronomy" title="Category:People associated with astronomy">People associated with astronomy</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Philosophy_of_astronomy" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Philosophy_of_astronomy" title="Category:Philosophy of astronomy">Philosophy of astronomy</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Astronomy_prizes" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Astronomy_prizes" title="Category:Astronomy prizes">Astronomy prizes</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Astronomy_projects" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Astronomy_projects" title="Category:Astronomy projects">Astronomy projects</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Sky_regions" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sky_regions" title="Category:Sky regions">Sky regions</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Solar_System" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Solar_System" title="Category:Solar System">Solar System</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Space_telescopes" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Space_telescopes" title="Category:Space telescopes">Space telescopes</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeEmptyBullet"></span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Astronomical_symbols" title="Category:Astronomical symbols">Astronomical symbols</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Time_in_astronomy" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Time_in_astronomy" title="Category:Time in astronomy">Time in astronomy</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeEmptyBullet"></span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Units_of_measurement_in_astronomy" title="Category:Units of measurement in astronomy">Units of measurement in astronomy</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Unsolved_problems_in_astronomy" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Unsolved_problems_in_astronomy" title="Category:Unsolved problems in astronomy">Unsolved problems in astronomy</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Works_about_astronomy" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Works_about_astronomy" title="Category:Works about astronomy">Works about astronomy</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Astronomy_stubs" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Astronomy_stubs" title="Category:Astronomy stubs">Astronomy stubs</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div></div></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r996214246"><div class="flex-columns-container"><div class="flex-columns-column"><div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#ccccff;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AAstronomy%2FThings_you_can_do&amp;action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a>&#160;</div><h2 id="Things_you_can_do" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Things you can do</h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fcfcfc;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <table cellspacing="10"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div style="position:relative;left:0px;margin-right:-10px;z-index:15">Here are some <i><b>Open Tasks</b></i>&#160;:<ul style="font-size:85%;padding:.3em 0 .3em 25px;margin:0"> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Why_Aren%27t_These_Pages_Copy-edited" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Why Aren&#39;t These Pages Copy-edited">Copyedit</a>:</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pages_needing_attention/Astronomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Pages needing attention/Astronomy">More...</a></i> </li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/Wikify#wiki_markup" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikify">Wikify</a>:</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pages_needing_attention/Astronomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Pages needing attention/Astronomy">More...</a></i> </li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Duplicate_articles" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Duplicate articles">Merge</a>:</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pages_needing_attention/Astronomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Pages needing attention/Astronomy">More...</a></i> </li> <li> <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requested_articles" title="Wikipedia:Requested articles">Requests</a>: </b> <a href="/wiki/User:Schiefesfragezeichen/Borde-Vilenkin-Guth_Theorem" title="User:Schiefesfragezeichen/Borde-Vilenkin-Guth Theorem">Borde-Vilenkin-Guth Theorem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antigalaxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Antigalaxy">Antigalaxy</a>, Sunspot index, undefined names in the <a href="/wiki/List_of_astronomers" title="List of astronomers">List of astronomers</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pages_needing_attention/Astronomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Pages needing attention/Astronomy">More...</a></i> </li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Find_or_fix_a_stub" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Find or fix a stub">Stubs</a>: </b><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Astronomy_stubs" title="Category:Astronomy stubs">Astronomy stub articles...</a></i> </li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Articles for deletion">Discuss deletion</a>:</b> <i>No deletion requests</i> </li> </ul> <p>Astronomy <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAC" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:FAC">featured article candidates</a>: </p> <ul style="font-size:85%;padding:.3em 0 .3em 25px;margin:0"> <li>No current candidates</li> </ul> <p>Astronomy articles for which <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:PR" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:PR">peer review</a> has been requested: </p> <ul style="font-size:85%;padding:.3em 0 .3em 25px;margin:0"> <li>No current requests</li> </ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div></div><div class="flex-columns-column"><div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#ccccff;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3AAstronomy%2FWikibooks&amp;action=edit"><span style="color:black">edit</span></a>&#160;</div><h2 id="Wikibooks" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Wikibooks</h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fcfcfc;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikibooks-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikibooks logo"><img alt="Wikibooks logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/45px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/68px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/90px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Wikibooks logo</figcaption></figure> <p>These books may be in various stages of development. See also the related <b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Science_bookshelf" class="extiw" title="b:Science bookshelf">Science</a></b> and <b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Mathematics_bookshelf" class="extiw" title="b:Mathematics bookshelf">Mathematics</a></b> bookshelves. </p> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Astronomy" class="extiw" title="b:Astronomy">Astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/GAT:_A_Glossary_of_Astronomical_Terms" class="extiw" title="b:GAT: A Glossary of Astronomical Terms">GAT: A Glossary of Astronomical Terms</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Astrophysics" class="extiw" title="b:Introduction to Astrophysics">Introduction to Astrophysics</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/General_relativity" class="extiw" title="b:General relativity">General relativity</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Observing_the_Sky_from_30%C2%B0S" class="extiw" title="b:Observing the Sky from 30°S">Observing the Sky from 30°S</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Observing_the_Sky_from_40%C2%B0N" class="extiw" title="b:Observing the Sky from 40°N">Observing the Sky from 40°N</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wikijunior">Wikijunior</h3></div> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Wikijunior_Solar_System" class="extiw" title="b:Wikijunior Solar System">Solar System</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:black;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#ccccff;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:black;font-size:80%"></div><h2 id="Associated_Wikimedia" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:black;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Associated Wikimedia</h2></div><div style="color:black;opacity:1;border:1px solid #afa3bf;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#fcfcfc;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239335380">.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li{display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li span{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li>div{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;padding:6px 4px}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li>div:first-child{text-align:center}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-dark,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-light{display:none}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-dark{display:inline}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-dark{display:inline}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-light{display:none}}@media(min-width:360px){.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li{width:33%;min-width:20em;white-space:nowrap;flex:1 0 25%}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li>div:first-child{min-width:50px}}</style> <p>The following <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a> sister projects provide more on this subject: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul id="sister-projects-list"> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Category:Astronomy"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/31px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/47px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/62px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Category:Astronomy" class="extiw" title="commons:Special:Search/Category:Astronomy">Commons</a></span><br />Free media repository</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Astronomy"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/35px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/53px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/70px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Astronomy" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Special:Search/Astronomy">Wikibooks</a></span><br />Free textbooks and manuals</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:Search/Astronomy"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/47px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="47" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/71px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/94px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </div> <div><span><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:Search/Astronomy" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Special:Search/Astronomy">Wikidata</a></span><br />Free knowledge base</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Astronomy"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/51px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="51" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/77px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/102px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Astronomy" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Special:Search/Astronomy">Wikinews</a></span><br />Free-content news</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Astronomy"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/53px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/70px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Astronomy" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Special:Search/Astronomy">Wikiquote</a></span><br />Collection of quotations</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Astronomy"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/35px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/53px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/70px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Astronomy" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Special:Search/Astronomy">Wikisource</a></span><br />Free-content library</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Portal:Astronomy"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="41" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/62px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/82px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Portal:Astronomy" class="extiw" title="wikiversity:Portal:Astronomy">Wikiversity</a></span><br />Free learning tools</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Astronomy"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/35px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/53px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/70px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Astronomy" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/Astronomy">Wiktionary</a></span><br />Dictionary and thesaurus</div> </li> </ul> </div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div style="text-align: center; margin-top: 1em;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239335380"> <div class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Discover Wikipedia using <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal" title="Wikipedia:Portal">portals</a></b></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul id="sister-projects-list"> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg/35px-Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg/53px-Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg/70px-Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">List of all portals</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/35px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/53px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/70px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:The_arts" title="Portal:The arts">The arts portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/35px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/53px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/70px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/35px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/53px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/70px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Portal:Current events">Current events portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="globe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/35px-Terra.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/53px-Terra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/70px-Terra.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Geography" title="Portal:Geography">Geography portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/35px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/53px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/70px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:History" title="Portal:History">History portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="square root of x" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg/35px-Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg/53px-Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg/70px-Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Mathematics" title="Portal:Mathematics">Mathematics portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/35px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/53px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/70px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Science" title="Portal:Science">Science portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Social_sciences.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Social_sciences.svg/35px-Social_sciences.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Social_sciences.svg/53px-Social_sciences.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Social_sciences.svg/70px-Social_sciences.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="122" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Society" title="Portal:Society">Society portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Noun-technology.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/35px-Noun-technology.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/53px-Noun-technology.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/70px-Noun-technology.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="90" data-file-height="88" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Technology" title="Portal:Technology">Technology portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Random_font_awesome.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Random_font_awesome.svg/35px-Random_font_awesome.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Random_font_awesome.svg/53px-Random_font_awesome.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Random_font_awesome.svg/70px-Random_font_awesome.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Special:RandomInCategory/All_portals" title="Special:RandomInCategory/All portals">Random portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/35px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/53px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/70px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Portals" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Portals">WikiProject Portals</a></span></div> </li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"> </li> </ul> </div> <p><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a> to this page: <a href="/wiki/Astronomy_portal" class="mw-redirect" title="Astronomy portal">Astronomy portal</a> • <a href="/wiki/P:ASTRO" class="mw-redirect" title="P:ASTRO">P:ASTRO</a> <span class="noprint" style="font-style: italic; font-size: 85%"><a href="/wiki/Special:Purge/Portal:Astronomy" title="Special:Purge/Portal:Astronomy"><span>Purge server cache</span></a></span> </p> </div> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.codfw.main‐57bccb6b4d‐5xnbb Cached time: 20250223012731 Cache expiry: 21600 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, no‐toc] CPU time usage: 5.649 seconds Real time usage: 6.364 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3265/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 314163/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 18270/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 21/100 Expensive parser function count: 14/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 128766/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 5.229/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 8824484/52428800 bytes Lua Profile: MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::find 1620 ms 30.7% MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::sub 1060 ms 20.1% 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