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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Isaiah 28:28 Grain for bread must be ground, but it is not endlessly threshed. Though the wheels of the cart roll over it, the horses do not crush it.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/isaiah/28-28.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/15/23_Isa_28_28.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Isaiah 28:28 - Listen and Hear" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="Grain for bread must be ground, but it is not endlessly threshed. 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The wheels of a threshing cart may be rolled over it, but one does not use horses to grind grain.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/isaiah/28.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />Grain for bread is easily crushed, so he doesn’t keep on pounding it. He threshes it under the wheels of a cart, but he doesn’t pulverize it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/isaiah/28.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />Does one crush grain for bread? No, he does not thresh it forever; when he drives his cart wheel over it with his horses, he does not crush it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/isaiah/28.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />Grain for bread must be ground, but it is not endlessly threshed. Though the wheels of the cart roll over it, the horses do not crush it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/isaiah/28.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />Bread <i>corn</i> is bruised; because he will not ever be threshing it, nor break <i>it with</i> the wheel of his cart, nor bruise it <i>with</i> his horsemen.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/isaiah/28.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />Bread <i>flour</i> must be ground; Therefore he does not thresh it forever, Break <i>it with</i> his cartwheel, Or crush it <i>with</i> his horsemen.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/isaiah/28.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br /><i>Grain for</i> bread is crushed, Indeed, he does not continue to thresh it forever. Because the wheel of <i>his</i> cart and his horses <i>eventually</i> damage <i>it,</i> He does not thresh it <i>longer.</i><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/isaiah/28.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />Grain for bread is crushed, Indeed, he does not continue to thresh it forever. Because the wheel of his cart and his horses eventually damage it, He does not thresh it longer.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/isaiah/28.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br /><i>Grain for</i> bread is crushed, Indeed, he does not continue to thresh it forever. Because the wheel of <i>his</i> cart and his horses <i>eventually</i> damage <i>it,</i> He does not thresh it longer.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/isaiah/28.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br /><i>Grain for</i> bread is crushed, But he does not continue to thresh it forever. Because the wheel of <i>his</i> cart and his horses <i>eventually</i> disturb <i>it</i>, He does not crush it longer.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/isaiah/28.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />Bread <i>grain</i> is crushed fine, Indeed, the farmer does not continue to thresh it forever. Because the wheel of his cart and his horses <i>eventually</i> damage it, He does not thresh it longer.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/isaiah/28.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Bread grain is crushed, but is not threshed endlessly. Though the wheel of the farmer’s cart rumbles, his horses do not crush it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/isaiah/28.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Bread grain is crushed, but is not threshed endlessly. Though the wheel of the farmer&#8217s cart rumbles, his horses do not crush it. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/isaiah/28.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />Bread grain is ground; for he will not be always threshing it: and though the wheel of his cart and his horses scatter it, he doth not grind it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/isaiah/28.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />Wheat and barley are pounded, but not beaten to pulp; they are run over with a wagon, but not ground to dust. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/isaiah/28.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />Bread corn is ground; for he will not ever be threshing it: and though the wheel of his cart and his horses scatter it, he doth not grind it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/isaiah/28.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />Grain is ground into flour, but the grinding eventually stops. It will be threshed. The wheels of his cart will roll over it, but his horses won't crush it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/isaiah/28.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />They do not ruin the wheat by threshing it endlessly, and they know how to thresh it by driving a cart over it without bruising the grains. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/isaiah/28.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />It must be ground; one cannot keep threshing it forever. Even if he drives his cart and horses over it, he cannot crush it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/isaiah/28.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />Grain for bread must be ground, but it is not endlessly threshed. Though the wheels of the cart roll over it, the horses do not crush it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/isaiah/28.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />Grain is crushed, though one certainly does not thresh it forever. The wheel of one's wagon rolls over it, but his horses do not crush it. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/isaiah/28.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />Bread flour must be ground; so he will not always be threshing it. Although he drives the wheel of his threshing cart over it, his horses do not grind it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/isaiah/28.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />Bread-corn is bruised; because he will not always be threshing it, nor break it with the wheel of his cart, nor bruise it with his horsemen.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/isaiah/28.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />Bread flour must be ground; so he will not always be threshing it. Although he drives the wheel of his threshing cart over it, his horses don’t grind it. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/isaiah/28.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />Bread-[grain] is beaten small, "" For he does not severely thresh it forever, "" Nor has a wheel of his cart crushed [it], "" Nor do his hooves beat it small.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/isaiah/28.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> Bread -corn is beaten small, For not for ever doth he sorely thresh it, Nor crushed it hath a wheel of his cart, Nor do his hoofs beat it small.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/isaiah/28.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />Bread shall be beaten small; for threshing, he will not forever thresh it; and the wheel of his wagon he put in motion and his horsemen shall not beat it small.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/isaiah/28.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />But bread corn shall be broken small: but the thrasher shall not thrash it for ever, neither shall the cart wheel hurt it, nor break it with its teeth. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/isaiah/28.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />But grain for bread must be crushed. Truly, the thresher cannot thresh it unceasingly, and the cartwheel can neither disrupt it, nor break it with its surface.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/isaiah/28.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />Grain is crushed for bread, but not forever; though he thresh it thoroughly, and drive his cartwheel and horses over it, he does not pulverize it. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/isaiah/28.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />Grain is crushed for bread, but one does not thresh it forever; one drives the cart wheel and horses over it, but does not pulverize it.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/isaiah/28.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />Grain is threshed for our sakes because man would not otherwise be threshing it, nor break it with many wheels of his threshing instruments, nor crush it under the feet of his oxen.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/isaiah/28.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />Grain is trodden for our sake, because it was not profitable to tread. He has trodden it and with the many wheels of his threshers and by his hooves will break it in pieces<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/isaiah/28.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />Is bread corn crushed? Nay, he will not ever be threshing it; And though the roller of his wagon and its sharp edges move noisily, He doth not crush it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/isaiah/28.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />for I will not be wroth with you for ever, neither shall the voice of my anger crush you.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/isaiah/28-28.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Xv9bHT-nr9s?start=5853" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/isaiah/28.htm">Listen and Hear</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">27</span>Surely caraway is not threshed with a sledge, and the wheel of a cart is not rolled over the cumin. But caraway is beaten out with a stick, and cumin with a rod. <span class="reftext">28</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/3899.htm" title="3899: le·ḥem (N-ms) -- Bread, food. From lacham; food, especially bread, or grain.">Grain for bread</a> <a href="/hebrew/1854.htm" title="1854: yū·ḏāq (V-Hofal-Imperf-3ms) -- To crush, pulverize, thresh. A primitive root; to crush crumble.">must be ground,</a> <a href="/hebrew/3588.htm" title="3588: kî (Conj) -- That, for, when. ">but</a> <a href="/hebrew/3808.htm" title="3808: lō (Adv-NegPrt) -- Not. Or lowi; or loh; a primitive particle; not; by implication, no; often used with other particles.">it is not</a> <a href="/hebrew/1758.htm" title="1758: yə·ḏū·šen·nū (V-Qal-Imperf-3ms:: 3mse) -- To tread, thresh. Or dowsh; or diysh; a primitive root; to trample or thresh.">endlessly threshed.</a> <a href="/hebrew/5331.htm" title="5331: lā·ne·ṣaḥ (Prep-l:: N-ms) -- Eminence, enduring, everlastingness, perpetuity. "></a> <a href="/hebrew/156.htm" title="156: ’ā·ḏō·wōš (V-Qal-InfAbs) -- To tread out. A primitive root; to tread out."></a> <a href="/hebrew/1536.htm" title="1536: gil·gal (N-msc) -- A wheel. A variation of galgal.">Though the wheels</a> <a href="/hebrew/5699.htm" title="5699: ‘eḡ·lā·ṯōw (N-fsc:: 3ms) -- A cart. From the same as agol; something revolving, i.e. A wheeled vehicle.">of the cart</a> <a href="/hebrew/2000.htm" title="2000: wə·hā·mam (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConjPerf-3ms) -- A primitive root; properly, to put in commotion; by implication, to disturb, drive, destroy.">roll over it,</a> <a href="/hebrew/6571.htm" title="6571: ū·p̄ā·rā·šāw (Conj-w:: N-mpc:: 3ms) -- A steed, a driver, cavalry. From parash; a steed (compare cuwc); also a driver, i.e. cavalry.">the horses</a> <a href="/hebrew/3808.htm" title="3808: lō- (Adv-NegPrt) -- Not. Or lowi; or loh; a primitive particle; not; by implication, no; often used with other particles.">do not</a> <a href="/hebrew/1854.htm" title="1854: yə·ḏuq·qen·nū (V-Qal-Imperf-3ms:: 3mse) -- To crush, pulverize, thresh. A primitive root; to crush crumble.">crush it.</a> </span><span class="reftext">29</span>This also comes from the LORD of Hosts, who is wonderful in counsel and excellent in wisdom.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/11-28.htm">Matthew 11:28-30</a></span><br />Come to Me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. / Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me, for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. / For My yoke is easy and My burden is light.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/hebrews/12-11.htm">Hebrews 12:11</a></span><br />No discipline seems enjoyable at the time, but painful. Later on, however, it yields a harvest of righteousness and peace to those who have been trained by it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/james/3-17.htm">James 3:17-18</a></span><br />But the wisdom from above is first of all pure, then peace-loving, gentle, accommodating, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial, and sincere. / Peacemakers who sow in peace reap the fruit of righteousness.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_timothy/2-6.htm">2 Timothy 2:6</a></span><br />The hardworking farmer should be the first to partake of the crops.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/galatians/6-9.htm">Galatians 6:9</a></span><br />Let us not grow weary in well-doing, for in due time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/5-3.htm">Romans 5:3-5</a></span><br />Not only that, but we also rejoice in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; / perseverance, character; and character, hope. / And hope does not disappoint us, because God has poured out His love into our hearts through the Holy Spirit, whom He has given us.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_corinthians/9-10.htm">1 Corinthians 9:10</a></span><br />Isn’t He actually speaking on our behalf? Indeed, this was written for us, because when the plowman plows and the thresher threshes, they should also expect to share in the harvest.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/philippians/4-5.htm">Philippians 4:5</a></span><br />Let your gentleness be apparent to all. The Lord is near.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/colossians/1-10.htm">Colossians 1:10-11</a></span><br />so that you may walk in a manner worthy of the Lord and may please Him in every way: bearing fruit in every good work, growing in the knowledge of God, / being strengthened with all power according to His glorious might so that you may have full endurance and patience, and joyfully<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_peter/5-10.htm">1 Peter 5:10</a></span><br />And after you have suffered for a little while, the God of all grace, who has called you to His eternal glory in Christ, will Himself restore you, secure you, strengthen you, and establish you.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/proverbs/3-11.htm">Proverbs 3:11-12</a></span><br />My son, do not reject the discipline of the LORD, and do not loathe His rebuke; / for the LORD disciplines the one He loves, as does a father the son in whom he delights.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/126-5.htm">Psalm 126:5-6</a></span><br />Those who sow in tears will reap with shouts of joy. / He who goes out weeping, bearing a trail of seed, will surely return with shouts of joy, carrying sheaves of grain.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/31-28.htm">Jeremiah 31:28</a></span><br />Just as I watched over them to uproot and tear down, to demolish, destroy, and bring disaster, so I will watch over them to build and to plant,” declares the LORD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/hosea/10-12.htm">Hosea 10:12</a></span><br />Sow for yourselves righteousness and reap the fruit of loving devotion; break up your unplowed ground. For it is time to seek the LORD until He comes and sends righteousness upon you like rain.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ecclesiastes/3-1.htm">Ecclesiastes 3:1-2</a></span><br />To everything there is a season, and a time for every purpose under heaven: / a time to be born and a time to die, a time to plant and a time to uproot,</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">Bread corn is bruised; because he will not ever be threshing it, nor break it with the wheel of his cart, nor bruise it with his horsemen.</p><p class="hdg">bread</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/isaiah/21-10.htm">Isaiah 21:10</a></b></br> O my threshing, and the corn of my floor: that which I have heard of the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, have I declared unto you.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/amos/9-9.htm">Amos 9:9</a></b></br> For, lo, I will command, and I will sift the house of Israel among all nations, like as <i>corn</i> is sifted in a sieve, yet shall not the least grain fall upon the earth.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/matthew/3-12.htm">Matthew 3:12</a></b></br> Whose fan <i>is</i> in his hand, and he will throughly purge his floor, and gather his wheat into the garner; but he will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire.</p><p class="hdg">the wheel</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/isaiah/28-27.htm">Isaiah 28:27</a></b></br> For the fitches are not threshed with a threshing instrument, neither is a cart wheel turned about upon the cummin; but the fitches are beaten out with a staff, and the cummin with a rod.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/isaiah/12-1.htm">Although</a> <a href="/ecclesiastes/9-8.htm">Always</a> <a href="/isaiah/21-14.htm">Bread</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-24.htm">Break</a> <a href="/isaiah/3-15.htm">Bruise</a> <a href="/songs/5-7.htm">Bruised</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-27.htm">Cart</a> <a href="/isaiah/21-10.htm">Corn</a> <a href="/isaiah/14-25.htm">Crush</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-3.htm">Crushed</a> <a href="/isaiah/26-5.htm">Crushing</a> <a href="/isaiah/27-3.htm">Damage</a> <a href="/isaiah/27-8.htm">Drives</a> <a href="/psalms/80-8.htm">Drove</a> <a href="/job/41-30.htm">Edges</a> <a href="/luke/18-5.htm">Eventually</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/23-29.htm">Flour</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-27.htm">Grain</a> <a href="/isaiah/3-15.htm">Grind</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-24.htm">Ground</a> <a href="/isaiah/22-7.htm">Horsemen</a> <a href="/isaiah/22-6.htm">Horses</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-11.htm">Indeed</a> <a href="/proverbs/21-12.htm">Lets</a> <a href="/isaiah/10-15.htm">Move</a> <a href="/proverbs/26-27.htm">Roller</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-27.htm">Sharp</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-27.htm">Threshing</a> <a href="/numbers/7-3.htm">Wagon</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-27.htm">Wheel</a> <a href="/isaiah/5-28.htm">Wheels</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/isaiah/30-20.htm">Although</a> <a href="/isaiah/57-16.htm">Always</a> <a href="/isaiah/30-20.htm">Bread</a> <a href="/isaiah/30-13.htm">Break</a> <a href="/isaiah/30-26.htm">Bruise</a> <a href="/isaiah/36-6.htm">Bruised</a> <a href="/amos/2-13.htm">Cart</a> <a href="/isaiah/36-17.htm">Corn</a> <a href="/isaiah/41-15.htm">Crush</a> <a href="/isaiah/38-14.htm">Crushed</a> <a href="/isaiah/38-13.htm">Crushing</a> <a href="/jeremiah/7-6.htm">Damage</a> <a href="/isaiah/59-19.htm">Drives</a> <a href="/jeremiah/13-20.htm">Drove</a> <a href="/isaiah/41-15.htm">Edges</a> <a href="/luke/18-5.htm">Eventually</a> <a href="/isaiah/47-2.htm">Flour</a> <a href="/isaiah/30-23.htm">Grain</a> <a href="/isaiah/47-2.htm">Grind</a> <a href="/isaiah/29-4.htm">Ground</a> <a href="/isaiah/31-1.htm">Horsemen</a> <a href="/isaiah/30-16.htm">Horses</a> <a href="/isaiah/29-20.htm">Indeed</a> <a href="/isaiah/44-14.htm">Lets</a> <a href="/isaiah/30-2.htm">Move</a> <a href="/ezekiel/30-21.htm">Roller</a> <a href="/isaiah/41-15.htm">Sharp</a> <a href="/isaiah/41-15.htm">Threshing</a> <a href="/amos/2-13.htm">Wagon</a> <a href="/jeremiah/18-3.htm">Wheel</a> <a href="/jeremiah/18-3.htm">Wheels</a><div class="vheading2">Isaiah 28</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/isaiah/28-1.htm">The prophet threatens Ephraim for their pride and drunkenness</a></span><br><span class="reftext">5. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/isaiah/28-5.htm">The residue shall be advanced in the kingdom of Christ</a></span><br><span class="reftext">7. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/isaiah/28-7.htm">He rebukes their error</a></span><br><span class="reftext">9. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/isaiah/28-9.htm">Their unwillingness to learn</a></span><br><span class="reftext">14. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/isaiah/28-14.htm">And their security</a></span><br><span class="reftext">16. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/isaiah/28-16.htm">Christ the sure foundation is promised</a></span><br><span class="reftext">17. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/isaiah/28-17.htm">Their security shall be tried</a></span><br><span class="reftext">23. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/isaiah/28-23.htm">They are incited to the consideration of God's providence</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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The grinding of grain is a metaphor for the trials and refining processes that believers undergo. In biblical times, grain was ground using millstones, a labor-intensive process that required patience and skill. This imagery can be connected to the refining process described in other scriptures, such as <a href="/malachi/3-3.htm">Malachi 3:3</a>, where God is depicted as a refiner and purifier. The necessity of grinding also points to the idea that trials and challenges are essential for spiritual growth and maturity.<p><b>but it is not endlessly threshed</b><br>Threshing was a common agricultural practice in ancient Israel, involving the separation of grain from the chaff. This phrase suggests that while discipline and refinement are necessary, they are not meant to be excessive or unending. God's discipline is purposeful and measured, as seen in <a href="/hebrews/12-10.htm">Hebrews 12:10-11</a>, where it is described as producing a harvest of righteousness and peace. The restraint in threshing reflects God's mercy and understanding of human limitations, ensuring that His people are not overwhelmed.<p><b>Though the wheels of the cart roll over it</b><br>The imagery of cart wheels rolling over grain further emphasizes the process of refinement and pressure. In ancient times, carts were used to transport heavy loads, and their wheels could crush anything in their path. This phrase suggests that while believers may face significant pressure and challenges, these are part of God's refining process. The rolling wheels can be seen as a metaphor for life's trials, which, although heavy, are controlled by God to achieve His purposes, as seen in <a href="/romans/8-28.htm">Romans 8:28</a>.<p><b>the horses do not crush it</b><br>Horses, often associated with strength and power, symbolize the potential for overwhelming force. However, this phrase reassures that despite the presence of powerful forces, the grain is not crushed. This reflects God's protection and care for His people, ensuring that they are not destroyed by the trials they face. It echoes <a href="/1_corinthians/10-13.htm">1 Corinthians 10:13</a>, which promises that God will not allow believers to be tested beyond their ability to endure. The restraint shown by the horses underscores God's sovereignty and the assurance that He will preserve His people through their trials.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/i/isaiah.htm">Isaiah</a></b><br>The prophet who delivered God's messages to the people of Judah and Jerusalem. He is known for his prophecies concerning judgment and redemption.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/j/judah.htm">Judah</a></b><br>The southern kingdom of Israel, often the focus of Isaiah's prophecies, including warnings and promises of restoration.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/t/threshing.htm">Threshing</a></b><br>An agricultural process used to separate grain from chaff, symbolizing God's method of refining and purifying His people.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/b/bread.htm">Bread</a></b><br>A staple food representing sustenance and life, often used metaphorically in the Bible to signify spiritual nourishment.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/c/cart_and_horses.htm">Cart and Horses</a></b><br>Tools and animals used in the threshing process, symbolizing the means by which God disciplines and refines His people.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_purpose_in_discipline.htm">God's Purpose in Discipline</a></b><br>God's discipline, like threshing, is purposeful and measured. He refines us to bring out the best, not to destroy us.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/e/endurance_through_trials.htm">Endurance Through Trials</a></b><br>Just as grain is not endlessly threshed, our trials have a limit. God knows how much we can bear and uses trials to strengthen our faith.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/s/spiritual_nourishment.htm">Spiritual Nourishment</a></b><br>The process of making bread from grain symbolizes how God uses our experiences to nourish and grow us spiritually.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/trust_in_god's_sovereignty.htm">Trust in God's Sovereignty</a></b><br>Trust that God is in control of the refining process. He uses the right tools and methods to shape us according to His will.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/h/hope_in_restoration.htm">Hope in Restoration</a></b><br>The imagery of bread reminds us of the ultimate restoration and fulfillment found in Christ, the Bread of Life.<a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/isaiah/28.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(28) <span class= "bld">Bread corn is bruised.</span>--Better, as a question, <span class= "ital">Is bread corn crushed to pieces? </span>As the poor and meek of the earth were as the fennel and the cummin, so Israel, in its national greatness, was as the "bread corn" of the wheat and barley. For this a severer chastisement, a more thorough threshing, was needed; but the end of threshing is the preservation, not the destruction, of the true grain. It is for a time, not for ever. It separates the worthless from the precious. The wheels stop when they have done their work.<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/isaiah/28.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 28.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Bread corn is braised</span>; literally, <span class="accented">bread</span>; but no doubt the corn, from which bread is made, is meant. Most critics regard the clause as interrogative, "Is bread corn bruised?" - and the answer as given in the negative by the rest of the sentence, "No; he will not continue always threshing it, nor crunch it with his cart-wheel and his horses - he will not bruise it." Even where the rougher modes of threshing are employed, there is moderation in their employment. Care is taken not to injure the grain. Here the main bearing of the whole parable appears. The afflictions which God sends upon his people are adapted to their strength and to their needs. In no case are they such as to crush and injure. Only such violence is used as is required to detach the good seed from the husks. Where the process is most severe, still the "bread-corn" is not "bruised." <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/isaiah/28-28.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">Grain for bread</span><br /><span class="heb">לֶ֣חֶם</span> <span class="translit">(le·ḥem)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3899.htm">Strong's 3899: </a> </span><span class="str2">Food, bread, grain</span><br /><br /><span class="word">must be ground,</span><br /><span class="heb">יוּדָ֔ק</span> <span class="translit">(yū·ḏāq)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Hofal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1854.htm">Strong's 1854: </a> </span><span class="str2">To crush, pulverize, thresh</span><br /><br /><span class="word">but</span><br /><span class="heb">כִּ֛י</span> <span class="translit">(kî)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunction<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> </span><span class="str2">A relative conjunction</span><br /><br /><span class="word">it is not</span><br /><span class="heb">לֹ֥א</span> <span class="translit">(lō)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adverb - Negative particle<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3808.htm">Strong's 3808: </a> </span><span class="str2">Not, no</span><br /><br /><span class="word">endlessly threshed.</span><br /><span class="heb">יְדוּשֶׁ֑נּוּ</span> <span class="translit">(yə·ḏū·šen·nū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1758.htm">Strong's 1758: </a> </span><span class="str2">To trample, thresh</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Though the wheels</span><br /><span class="heb">גִּלְגַּ֧ל</span> <span class="translit">(gil·gal)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1536.htm">Strong's 1536: </a> </span><span class="str2">A wheel, a whirlwind, dust</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of the cart</span><br /><span class="heb">עֶגְלָת֛וֹ</span> <span class="translit">(‘eḡ·lā·ṯōw)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5699.htm">Strong's 5699: </a> </span><span class="str2">Something revolving, a wheeled vehicle</span><br /><br /><span class="word">roll over it,</span><br /><span class="heb">וְ֠הָמַם</span> <span class="translit">(wə·hā·mam)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2000.htm">Strong's 2000: </a> </span><span class="str2">To make a noise, move noisily, confuse, discomfit</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the horses</span><br /><span class="heb">וּפָרָשָׁ֖יו</span> <span class="translit">(ū·p̄ā·rā·šāw)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6571.htm">Strong's 6571: </a> </span><span class="str2">A steed, a driver, cavalry</span><br /><br /><span class="word">do not</span><br /><span class="heb">לֹֽא־</span> <span class="translit">(lō-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adverb - Negative particle<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3808.htm">Strong's 3808: </a> </span><span class="str2">Not, no</span><br /><br /><span class="word">crush it.</span><br /><span class="heb">יְדֻקֶּֽנּוּ׃</span> <span class="translit">(yə·ḏuq·qen·nū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1854.htm">Strong's 1854: </a> </span><span class="str2">To crush, pulverize, thresh</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/isaiah/28-28.htm">Isaiah 28:28 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/isaiah/28-28.htm">Isaiah 28:28 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/isaiah/28-28.htm">Isaiah 28:28 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/isaiah/28-28.htm">Isaiah 28:28 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/isaiah/28-28.htm">Isaiah 28:28 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/isaiah/28-28.htm">Isaiah 28:28 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/isaiah/28-28.htm">Isaiah 28:28 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/isaiah/28-28.htm">Isaiah 28:28 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/isaiah/28-28.htm">Isaiah 28:28 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/isaiah/28-28.htm">Isaiah 28:28 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/isaiah/28-28.htm">OT Prophets: Isaiah 28:28 Bread flour must be ground (Isa Isi Is)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/isaiah/28-27.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Isaiah 28:27"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Isaiah 28:27" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/isaiah/28-29.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Isaiah 28:29"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Isaiah 28:29" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>