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id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bisanti e torte</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" 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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kugel_(Heraldik)" title="Kugel (Heraldik) - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kugel (Heraldik)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roundel_(heraldry)" title="Roundel (heraldry) - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Roundel (heraldry)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roel_(her%C3%A1ldica)" title="Roel (heráldica) - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Roel (heráldica)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Besant_et_tourteau" title="Besant et tourteau - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Besant et tourteau" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%87%E3%83%AB_(%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0%E5%AD%A6)" title="ラウンデル (紋章学) - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ラウンデル (紋章学)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roundelis" title="Roundelis - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Roundelis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r133964453">.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-div>div,.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div>div{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-image{flex-basis:52px;flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div .hide-when-compact{display:block}</style><div style="" class="ambox metadata plainlinks avviso avviso-contenuto"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Niente fonti!"><img alt="Niente fonti!" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/45px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/68px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/90px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div> <div class="avviso-testo mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Questa voce o sezione  sull'argomento araldica <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">non cita le fonti necessarie</a> o quelle presenti sono insufficienti</b>. <div class="hide-when-compact"> <div class="noprint"><hr />Puoi <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bisanti_e_torte&action=edit">migliorare questa voce</a> aggiungendo citazioni da <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Fonti_attendibili" title="Wikipedia:Fonti attendibili">fonti attendibili</a> secondo le <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">linee guida sull'uso delle fonti</a>. Segui i suggerimenti del <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Araldica" title="Progetto:Araldica">progetto di riferimento</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Araldica" title="Araldica">araldica</a> i <a href="/wiki/Bisante_(araldica)" title="Bisante (araldica)">bisanti</a> e le <a href="/wiki/Tortello_(araldica)" title="Tortello (araldica)">torte</a> costituiscono una famiglia ricca di definizioni per la semplice rappresentazione molto stilizzata di un disco di piccolo formato. Classificato "figura naturale" da alcuni, "figura geometrica" da altri, il <i>bisante</i> sembra trarre la sua origine dal nome di una moneta di Bisanzio, mentre la <i>torta</i> è più enigmatica (certi autori - tra cui Michel de Crayencour - vedono in lei una fetta di un tronco d'albero). </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roeles.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Roeles.svg/150px-Roeles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="388" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Roeles.svg/225px-Roeles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Roeles.svg/300px-Roeles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="930" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Se il disco è di <a href="/wiki/Metallo_(araldica)" title="Metallo (araldica)">metallo</a>, si tratta di un <i> bisante</i>, se è di <a href="/wiki/Smalto_(araldica)" title="Smalto (araldica)">smalto</a> è una <i>torta</i>. </p> <ul><li>Il <i>bisante</i>, se d'<a href="/wiki/Oro_(araldica)" title="Oro (araldica)">oro</a>, non si blasona (fig. 1 <i>d'azzurro a un bisante</i>)</li> <li>se è d'<a href="/wiki/Argento_(araldica)" title="Argento (araldica)">argento</a>, occorre blasonarlo <i> bisante d'argento</i> (in Francia si utilizza un termine apposito <i>platte</i> (fig. 2 <i> di rosso ad un bisante d'argento in capo</i>)</li></ul> <p>Le torte, essendo più ricche di colori, hanno generato (almeno in Francia) una nomenclatura altrettanto ricca anche se poco impiegata: </p> <ul><li>la torta di <a href="/wiki/Rosso_(araldica)" title="Rosso (araldica)">rosso</a> è detta anche: <i>guse</i> (fig. 3 <i>d'oro a tre torte di rosso.</i> La posizione 2 e 1 è la posizione di default e come tale non si blasona)</li> <li>la torta d'<a href="/wiki/Azzurro_(araldica)" title="Azzurro (araldica)">azzurro</a> è detta anche: <i>heurte</i> (fig. 4 <i>d'argento a tre torte d'azzurro ordinate in banda</i>)</li> <li>la torta di <a href="/wiki/Nero_(araldica)" title="Nero (araldica)">nero</a> è detta anche:<i> ogoesse</i> (fig. 5 <i>d'oro alla croce d'azzurro accantonata da quattro torte di nero</i>)</li> <li>la torta di <a href="/wiki/Verde_(araldica)" title="Verde (araldica)">verde</a> è detta anche: <i>somme</i>, <i>volet</i> o <i>pomme</i> (fig. 6 <i>d'argento a due torte di verde ordinate in palo</i>)</li> <li>la torta di <a href="/wiki/Porpora_(araldica)" title="Porpora (araldica)">porpora</a> è detta anche: <i>gulpe</i> (fig. 7 <i>d'oro a tre torte di porpora male ordinate</i> - contrario di "ben ordinate": 2 e 1)</li></ul> <p>Varianti frequenti sono ottenute con un partito (divise in due verticalmente): </p> <ul><li>se si tratta di metallo-smalto è un <a href="/wiki/Bisante-tortello" title="Bisante-tortello">bisante-torta</a> (che può caricare solo uno smalto: fig. 8 <i>di nero ad un bisante-torta d'oro e di verde posta <a href="/wiki/Nel_punto" title="Nel punto">nel punto</a> d'onore</i>)</li> <li>se si tratta di smalto-metallo è una <a href="/wiki/Tortello-bisante" title="Tortello-bisante">torta-bisante</a> (che può caricare solo un metallo: fig. 9 <i>d'oro ad una torta-bisante d'azzurro e d'argento</i>)</li></ul> <p>Per avere la possibilità di caricare sia su metallo che su smalto, nell'araldica francese è stato ideato l'<i>occhio di falco</i>, definito come <i>bisante d'argento circondata da un anello di nero</i>; la stessa figura può anche essere definita come una <i>ogoesse (torta di nero)</i> a sua volta <i>"caricata da un grosso punto d'argento"</i> (confermando quindi la possibilità teorica di caricare sia un metallo <i>in quanto ogoesse</i>, sia uno smalto <i>in quanto bisante</i>…) (fig. 10: <i>trinciato d'oro e di verde, ad un occhio di falco attraversante sul tutto</i>). </p><p>Nell'araldica inglese, una torta è chiamata <i>roundel</i>, ma nomi simili sono anche impiegati per ogni smalto e metallo (in inglese nella parte alta della tabella): </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Metalli </th> <th colspan="7">Smalti </th></tr> <tr> <td><i>bezant</i><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel-or.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A circle of gold" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Roundel-or.svg/60px-Roundel-or.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Roundel-or.svg/90px-Roundel-or.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Roundel-or.svg/120px-Roundel-or.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span><br />bisante </td> <td><i>plate</i><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel-argent.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A circle of silver" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Roundel-argent.svg/60px-Roundel-argent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Roundel-argent.svg/90px-Roundel-argent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Roundel-argent.svg/120px-Roundel-argent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span><br />bisante<br />d'argento </td> <td><i>hurt</i><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel-azure.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A circle of blue" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Roundel-azure.svg/60px-Roundel-azure.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Roundel-azure.svg/90px-Roundel-azure.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Roundel-azure.svg/120px-Roundel-azure.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span><br />heurte </td> <td><i>torteau</i><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel-gules.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A circle of red" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Roundel-gules.svg/60px-Roundel-gules.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Roundel-gules.svg/90px-Roundel-gules.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Roundel-gules.svg/120px-Roundel-gules.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span><br />guse </td> <td><i>pellet</i>,<br /><i>ogress</i><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel-sable.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A circle of black" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Roundel-sable.svg/60px-Roundel-sable.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Roundel-sable.svg/90px-Roundel-sable.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Roundel-sable.svg/120px-Roundel-sable.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span><br />ogoesse </td> <td><i>pomme</i><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel-vert.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A circle of green" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Roundel-vert.svg/60px-Roundel-vert.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Roundel-vert.svg/90px-Roundel-vert.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Roundel-vert.svg/120px-Roundel-vert.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span><br />pomme </td> <td><i>golpe</i><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel-purpure.svg" 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