Optics & Photonics News - December 2024

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class=""> <head id="head"> <title>Optics & Photonics News - December 2024</title> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="CsUCSEnKf8_k8lxpoN1L_Ryu6pBX4HuAm0GHjJg18WY" /> <link rel="canonical" href="http://www.optica-opn.org/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/"/> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Periodical", "issn": "1047-6938", "name": "Optics & Photonics News", "publisher": "Optica", "sameAs": [ "https://twitter.com/OPNmagazine" ] } </script> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org/", "@type": "WebSite", "name": "Optics & Photonics News", "url": "https://www.optica-opn.org/", "potentialAction": { "@type": "SearchAction", "target": "https://www.optica-opn.org/search/?searchtext={search_term_string}", "query-input": "required name=search_term_string" } } </script> <meta property="twitter:site" content="@opnmagazine"> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="https://opn-web-afd-d3bfbkd5bcc5asbs.z02.azurefd.net/opn/media/images/favicon.ico?t=638415376290765282" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="https://opn-web-afd-d3bfbkd5bcc5asbs.z02.azurefd.net/opn/media/images/icons/apple-icon-57x57.png?t=638422188873104699"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="https://opn-web-afd-d3bfbkd5bcc5asbs.z02.azurefd.net/opn/media/images/icons/apple-icon-60x60.png?t=638422188874511110"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="https://opn-web-afd-d3bfbkd5bcc5asbs.z02.azurefd.net/opn/media/images/icons/apple-icon-72x72.png?t=638422188876229775"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="https://opn-web-afd-d3bfbkd5bcc5asbs.z02.azurefd.net/opn/media/images/icons/apple-icon-76x76.png?t=638422188877479712"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="https://opn-web-afd-d3bfbkd5bcc5asbs.z02.azurefd.net/opn/media/images/icons/apple-icon-114x114.png?t=638422188879042318"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="https://opn-web-afd-d3bfbkd5bcc5asbs.z02.azurefd.net/opn/media/images/icons/apple-icon-120x120.png?t=638422188880292310"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="https://opn-web-afd-d3bfbkd5bcc5asbs.z02.azurefd.net/opn/media/images/icons/apple-icon-144x144.png?t=638422188881543004"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="https://opn-web-afd-d3bfbkd5bcc5asbs.z02.azurefd.net/opn/media/images/icons/apple-icon-152x152.png?t=638422188882792413"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://opn-web-afd-d3bfbkd5bcc5asbs.z02.azurefd.net/opn/media/images/icons/apple-icon-180x180.png?t=638422188884198636"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="https://opn-web-afd-d3bfbkd5bcc5asbs.z02.azurefd.net/opn/media/images/icons/android-icon-192x192.png?t=638422188870760771"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://opn-web-afd-d3bfbkd5bcc5asbs.z02.azurefd.net/opn/media/images/icons/favicon-32x32.png?t=638422188887167415"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="96x96" href="https://opn-web-afd-d3bfbkd5bcc5asbs.z02.azurefd.net/opn/media/images/icons/favicon-96x96.png?t=638422188888417502"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://opn-web-afd-d3bfbkd5bcc5asbs.z02.azurefd.net/opn/media/images/icons/favicon-16x16.png?t=638422188885448726"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffffff"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://opn-web-afd-d3bfbkd5bcc5asbs.z02.azurefd.net/opn/media/images/icons/ms-icon-144x144.png?t=638422190578298134"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#000000"> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Material+Icons|Material+Icons+Outlined" rel="stylesheet"> <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,400italic,500,500italic,600,600italic|Noto+Sans:400,700,400italic,700italic|Noto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic&subset=latin,greek-ext' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/main.css?v=XJ6HkaJr8ELNA064vxI5KwjMQgmRhCVzv2ws6vsCIPc" />   <script> (function (w, d, s, l, i) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push({ 'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js' }); var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j = d.createElement(s), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); })(window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-KQ36GV'); </script> <script type='text/javascript'> var googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; (function () { var gads = document.createElement('script'); gads.async = true; gads.type = 'text/javascript'; var useSSL = 'https:' == document.location.protocol; gads.src = (useSSL ? 'https:' : 'http:') + '//www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js'; var node = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; node.parentNode.insertBefore(gads, node); })(); </script>   <script type='text/javascript'> var gptAdSlots = []; googletag.cmd.push(function () { var mapping = googletag.sizeMapping(). addSize([0, 0], []). addSize([992, 0], [[728, 90], [300, 250]]). // Desktop addSize([768, 0], [[468, 60], [220, 183]]). // Tablet Vertical addSize([324, 0], [[324, 45], [300, 250]]). //Mobile build(); // Define the GPT slot gptAdSlots[0] = googletag.defineSlot('/1971109/OPN_Leaderboard', [[324, 45], [468, 60], [728, 90]], 'div-gpt-ad-1447342506503-0'). defineSizeMapping(mapping). addService(googletag.pubads()) .setCollapseEmptyDiv(true); gptAdSlots[1] = googletag.defineSlot('/1971109/OPN_Primary_300x250', [[300, 250], [220, 183]], 'div-gpt-ad-1446063630648-0'). defineSizeMapping(mapping) .addService(googletag.pubads()) //.setCollapseEmptyDiv(true); gptAdSlots[2] = googletag.defineSlot('/1971109/OPN_Secondary_300x250', [[300, 250], [220, 183]], 'div-gpt-ad-1446063630648-1'). defineSizeMapping(mapping). addService(googletag.pubads()) //.setCollapseEmptyDiv(true); //googletag.pubads().enableLazyLoad(); // Start ad fetching googletag.enableServices(); //$(window).resize(function(){googletag.pubads().refresh([gptAdSlots[0], gptAdSlots[1], gptAdSlots[2]])}); }); </script>  </head> <body class="LTR Chrome en-US ContentBody">  <noscript> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-KQ36GV" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"> </iframe> </noscript>  <a class="sr-only sr-only-focusable" href="#content" aria-label="Skip To Content">Skip To Content</a> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <section class="col my-2 d-flex justify-content-center flex-column"> <h6 class="opn-ad-header text-center">ADVERTISEMENT</h6> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1447342506503-0" class="text-center"> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1447342506503-0'); googletag.pubads().refresh([gptAdSlots[0]]); }); </script> </div> </section> </div> <section class="d-flex flex-row account-bar bg-black"> <div class="col-3 px-1 d-flex align-items-center"> <a href="https://www.optica.org"> <img class="img-fluid" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/icons/logo_optica_nodescriptor_reverse_rgb.svg" alt="Optica" width="150" /> </a> </div> <div class="col d-none d-lg-flex align-items-center justify-content-end"> <div class="dropdown"> <a class="btn btn-link btn-sm text-white dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="searchBoxButton" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="fas fa-search"> <span class="sr-only">Show Search Dialog</span> </span> </a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right" id="searchBox" aria-labelledby="searchBoxButton"> <div class="search-box"> <input type="text" id="headerSearch" placeholder="Search" class="navbar-search form-control rounded-0 border-top-0 border-right-0 border-left-0 border-bottom border-black shadow-none search-box__input" /> <button aria-expanded="false" class="btn btn-icon align-self-center mr-1 collapsed search-box__button" id="headerSearchButton" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"> <span class="sr-only">Search</span> <i class="fas fa-search h5" aria-hidden="true"></i> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-auto d-none d-lg-flex align-items-center justify-content-end"> <a class="btn btn-secondary text-white btn-sm" href="https://www.optica.org/join?utm_source=opn&utm_medium=button&utm_campaign=opn+join">JOIN OPTICA</a> <a class="btn btn-link btn-sm text-white text-nowrap" href="/account/login?returnUrl=%2Fhome%2Farticles%2Fvolume_35%2FDecember_2024%2F"> Member Login </a> </div> </section> <header class="main-header d-flex align-items-center flex-column flex-lg-row"> <div class="px-1"> <a class="d-block my-1" href="/"> <img alt="Optics and Photonics News" class="img-fluid" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/logos/opn-masthead-one-line_rgb.svg" width="550" /> </a> </div> <div class="mx-auto ml-md-auto mr-md-0 d-none d-lg-block"> <div class="dropdown"> <nav class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right" aria-labelledby="mainMenuButton"> <div class="container main-nav"> <div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-lg-6"> <div class="col d-flex flex-column">  <ul class="list-inline list-unstyled mt-auto"> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://twitter.com/OPNmagazine" target="_blank"> <i class="fab fa-lg fa-twitter"></i> </a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/opticaworldwide" target="_blank"> <i class="fab fa-lg fa-facebook"></i> </a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/optica.worldwide/" target="_blank"> <i class="fab fa-lg fa-instagram"></i> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col"> <h6 class="text-primary">Explore Latest</h6> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li> <a href="/home/news">Research and Industry News</a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/careers">Careers</a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/books">Book Reviews</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col"> <h6 class="text-primary">Multimedia</h6> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li> <a href="/home/gallery/after_images/">After Image</a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/gallery/image_of_the_week/">Image of the Week</a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/extras/opn_infographics">Infographics</a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/gallery/videos/">OPN Video</a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/gallery/photo_contests/">Photo Contest</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col"> <h6 class="text-primary">The Magazine</h6> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li> <a href="/home/archive">Archive</a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/magazine">Latest Issue</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col"> <h6 class="text-primary">Information</h6> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li> <a href="/home/about">About OPN</a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/contact">Contact</a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/advertiser">For Advertisers</a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/author">For Authors</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col"> <a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/"> <img class="img-fluid" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/articles/2024/1224/departments/202412-cover-web.jpg?ext=.jpg" alt="Artist’s illustration of an inverse-designed structure on the silicon photonics platform, performing vector-matrix multiplication with light (see Nikkhah et al.)"/> </a> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <button aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" class="dropdown-toggle btn btn-link text-black" data-boundary="viewport" data-toggle="dropdown" id="mainMenuButton" type="button"><i class="fas fa-bars"></i> MENU</button> </div> </div> <div class="navbar navbar-mobile navbar-dark bg-black w-100 d-lg-none px-1 py-2"> <button class="btn btn-icon rounded-circle" data-toggle="modal" data-dismiss="modal" data-target="#mobileSitesMenu" type="button"> <span class="sr-only">Other Optica Sites</span> <svg width="24" height="24" fill="currentColor"> <path d="M4 6a2 2 0 104 0 2 2 0 00-4 0zm6 12a2 2 0 104 0 2 2 0 00-4 0zm-4 2a2 2 0 110-4 2 2 0 010 4zm-2-8a2 2 0 104 0 2 2 0 00-4 0zm8 2a2 2 0 110-4 2 2 0 010 4zm6-10a2 2 0 100 4 2 2 0 000-4zm-6 4a2 2 0 110-4 2 2 0 010 4zm4 4a2 2 0 104 0 2 2 0 00-4 0zm2 8a2 2 0 110-4 2 2 0 010 4z"/> </svg> </button> <button class="btn btn-icon rounded-circle" data-toggle="modal" data-dismiss="modal" data-target="#mobileSearchMenu" type="button"> <span class="sr-only">Search</span> <i class="fas fa-search h5" aria-hidden="true"></i> </button> <button class="btn btn-icon rounded-circle" data-toggle="modal" data-dismiss="modal" data-target="#mobileNavMenu" type="button"> <span class="sr-only">Menu</span> <i class="fas fa-bars h5" aria-hidden="true"></i> </button> <div class="modal bg-black d-lg-none fade" id="mobileSitesMenu" data-keyboard="false" data-backdrop="false" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="mobileSitesMenuLabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog mw-100 m-0"> <div class="modal-header text-uppercase justify-content-center"> <b class="modal-title" id="mobileSitesMenuLabel">Other Optica Sites</b> </div> <div class="modal-content bg-transparent"> <div class="modal-body px-1 py-0 pb-4"> <ul class="app-menu list-unstyled row row-cols-3 justify-content-center"> <li class="col embed-responsive embed-responsive-1by1"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://opg.optica.org"> Optica Publishing Group <i class="mdi mdi-call-made" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> </li> <li class="col embed-responsive embed-responsive-1by1"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://prism.osapublishing.org"> PRISM <i class="mdi mdi-call-made" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> </li> <li class="col embed-responsive embed-responsive-1by1"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://awards.osa.org"> BEAM <i class="mdi mdi-call-made" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> </li> <li class="col embed-responsive embed-responsive-1by1"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.frontiersinoptics.org"> FIO+LS <i class="mdi mdi-call-made" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> </li> <li class="col embed-responsive embed-responsive-1by1"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.cleoconference.org"> CLEO <i class="mdi mdi-call-made" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> </li> <li class="col embed-responsive embed-responsive-1by1"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.ofcconference.org"> OFC <i class="mdi mdi-call-made" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> </li> <li class="col embed-responsive embed-responsive-1by1"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.optics4kids.org"> Optics 4 Kids <i class="mdi mdi-call-made" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> </li> <li class="col embed-responsive embed-responsive-1by1"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.opticseducation.org"> Optics Education <i class="mdi mdi-call-made" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> </li> <li class="col embed-responsive embed-responsive-1by1"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.optica.org/history"> Living History <i class="mdi mdi-call-made" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> </li> <li class="col embed-responsive embed-responsive-1by1"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.optica.org/ipac"> IPAC <i class="mdi mdi-call-made" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> </li> <li class="col embed-responsive embed-responsive-1by1"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.gemminitiative.org"> GEMM <i class="mdi mdi-call-made" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> </li> <li class="col embed-responsive embed-responsive-1by1"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.lightthefuture.org"> NPI <i class="mdi mdi-call-made" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> </li> <li class="col embed-responsive embed-responsive-1by1"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.greenphotonicsguide.com"> Green Photonics Guide <i class="mdi mdi-call-made" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> </li> </ul> <div class="modal-footer mt-auto d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center p-1"> <button class="close text-white" type="button" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <hr class="mt-0" /> <div id="mainNavRef" class="row"> </div> </div> <main class="main-content" id="content"> <div class="container"> <div class="row mb-1"> <div class="col"> <div class="small text-uppercase" id="breadCrumbs" itemprop="breadcrumb"> <a href="/home/archives">ISSUES</a> > <a class="text-capitalize" href="/home/articles/volume_35/">2024</a> <span>></span> <span class="text-capitalize">DECEMBER 2024</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col"> <div class="d-flex flex-row h-100"> <img class="img-fluid mr-2" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/articles/2024/1224/departments/202412-cover-web.jpg?ext=.jpg" alt="current issue magazine cover" role="presentation"> <div class="d-flex flex-column h-100" style="max-width: 40%;"> <small><em>Optics & Photonics News</em> Magazine</small> <br> December 2024 Issue <br> <ul class="list-unstyled p-0 m-0 d-flex flex-column h-100"> <li class="py-1 pr-1 pl-0" style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;"> <a class="text-black" href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/features/optics_in_2024/">Optics in 2024</a> </li> <li class="py-1 pr-1 pl-0" style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;"> <a class="text-black" href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/features/2024_photo_contest_winners/">2024 Photo Contest Winners</a> </li> <li class="py-0 pr-1 pl-0 mt-auto"> <a class="text-black" href="/home/archive">Browse all Issues</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <section id="FeatureArticles"> <div class="my-2 py-1"> <div class="row"> <h4 class="col">Feature Articles</h4> </div> <div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-md-2 row-cols-lg-3"> <div class="col"> <div class="card bg-transparent border-0 mb-1"> <a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/features/optics_in_2024/"> <img class="card-img-top h-50" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/articles/2024/1224/features/202412-p26-summary-icon2.jpg?ext=.jpg" role="presentation" alt=""> </a> <div class="card-body px-0"> <h5 class="my-1"><a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/features/optics_in_2024/">Optics in 2024</a></h5> <p><p>This special issue of <em>Optics & Photonics News</em> highlights exciting peer-reviewed optics research that has emerged over the past year.</p> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card bg-transparent border-0 mb-1"> <a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/features/2024_photo_contest_winners/"> <img class="card-img-top h-50" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/articles/2024/1224/features/202412-p20-contest-icon1.jpg?ext=.jpg" role="presentation" alt=""> </a> <div class="card-body px-0"> <h5 class="my-1"><a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/features/2024_photo_contest_winners/">2024 Photo Contest Winners</a></h5> <p><p>Congratulations to the winners of OPN’s 19<sup>th</sup> annual After Image photo contest!</p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <hr class="my-0"> </div> </section> <section id="DepartmentArticles"> <div class="my-2 py-1"> <div class="row"> <h4 class="col">Departments and Columns</h4> </div> <div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-md-3 row-cols-lg-5"> <div class="col"> <div class="card bg-transparent border-0 mb-1"> <a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/departments/research_and_industry_news/"> <img class="card-img-top h-50" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/articles/2024/1224/departments/202412-p08-news-icon.jpg?ext=.jpg" role="presentation" alt=""> </a> <div class="card-body px-0"> <small class="text-uppercase text-black">Newsroom</small> <h5 class="my-1"><a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/departments/research_and_industry_news/">Research and Industry News</a></h5> <p><p>Optical tweezers on integrated chip / AR comes into focus / Laser headset tests stroke risk / 3D images from smartphones / Industry news</p> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card bg-transparent border-0 mb-1"> <a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/departments/how_community_lifts_a_career/"> <img class="card-img-top h-50" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/articles/2024/1224/departments/202412-p14-convo-icon.jpg?ext=.jpg" role="presentation" alt=""> </a> <div class="card-body px-0"> <small class="text-uppercase text-black">Conversations</small> <h5 class="my-1"><a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/departments/how_community_lifts_a_career/">How Community Lifts a Career</a></h5> <p><p>OPN spoke with Brandon Buscaino about his time as president of the Stanford Optical Society, his experience as an Optica Ambassador and why he chose a career in industry.</p> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card bg-transparent border-0 mb-1"> <a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/departments/optics_in_2025_beyond/"> <img class="card-img-top h-50" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/articles/2024/1224/departments/202412-p17-info-icon.jpg?ext=.jpg" role="presentation" alt=""> </a> <div class="card-body px-0"> <small class="text-uppercase text-black">Infographic</small> <h5 class="my-1"><a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/departments/optics_in_2025_beyond/">Optics in 2025 & Beyond</a></h5> <p><p>Each December, OPN looks at interesting research results of the past year. But what about the year ahead? We asked several contributors to our “Optics in 2024” feature for thoughts on areas that might advance in 2025. </p> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card bg-transparent border-0 mb-1"> <a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/departments/the_unexpected_failure_of_herschel_s_astrometer/"> <img class="card-img-top h-50" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/articles/2024/1224/departments/202412-p18-light-icon.jpg?ext=.jpg" role="presentation" alt=""> </a> <div class="card-body px-0"> <small class="text-uppercase text-black">Light Touch</small> <h5 class="my-1"><a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/departments/the_unexpected_failure_of_herschel_s_astrometer/">The Unexpected Failure of Herschel鈥檚 Astrometer</a></h5> <p><p>Sir John Herschel invented an elaborate device to measure the brightness of stars—and then didn’t use it.</p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <hr class="my-0"> </div> </section> <section id="AdOne"> <div class="row justify-content-around py-2"> <div class="col-12 col-lg-4"> <h6 class="opn-ad-header">ADVERTISEMENT</h6> <div class="mb-1" id="div-gpt-ad-1446063630648-0"> <script type='text/javascript'> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1446063630648-0'); googletag.pubads().refresh([gptAdSlots[1]]); }); </script> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg-4"> <h6 class="opn-ad-header">ADVERTISEMENT</h6> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1446063630648-1" class="mb-1"> <script type='text/javascript'> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1446063630648-1'); googletag.pubads().refresh([gptAdSlots[2]]); }); </script> </div> </div> </div> <hr class="my-0" /> </section> <section id="AlsoInIssue"> <div class="my-2 py-1"> <div class="row"> <h4 class="col">Also in this Issue</h4> </div> <div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-md-3 row-cols-lg-5"> <div class="col"> <div class="card bg-transparent border-0 mb-1"> <a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/departments/president_s_message/"> <img class="card-img-top h-50" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/articles/2024/1224/departments/202412-p04-pres-img.jpg?ext=.jpg" role="presentation" alt=""> </a> <div class="card-body px-0"> <small class="text-uppercase text-black">President's Message</small> <h5 class="my-1"><a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/departments/president_s_message/">Hope for the Future</a></h5> <p><p>I leave office with the hope that problems will be overcome and science will flourish worldwide.</p> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card bg-transparent border-0 mb-1"> <a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/departments/30_20_and_10_years_ago_in_opn/"> <img class="card-img-top h-50" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/articles/2024/1224/departments/202412-p07-looking-img03.jpg?ext=.jpg" role="presentation" alt=""> </a> <div class="card-body px-0"> <small class="text-uppercase text-black">Looking Back</small> <h5 class="my-1"><a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/departments/30_20_and_10_years_ago_in_opn/">30, 20 and 10 Years Ago in OPN</a></h5> <p><p>Microwave trap; hollow-core Bragg fibers; spontaneous spatial organization of a cold atomic cloud.</p> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card bg-transparent border-0 mb-1"> <a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/departments/news_from_the_society/"> <img class="card-img-top h-50" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/articles/2024/1224/departments/202412-p58-oif-img01.jpg?ext=.jpg" role="presentation" alt=""> </a> <div class="card-body px-0"> <small class="text-uppercase text-black">Optica in Focus</small> <h5 class="my-1"><a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/departments/news_from_the_society/">News from the Society</a></h5> <p><p>Optica Fellow stories / Global Photonics Economic Forum / NES local section turns 75 / Frequency combs incubator / Best-paper prizes / MedTech and PECC Industry Summits / Gapontsev Prize / Laser Congress / In memoriam: Wilson Sibbett / Thank you, editors and meeting volunteers</p> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card bg-transparent border-0 mb-1"> <a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/departments/water_on_the_moon/"> <img class="card-img-top h-50" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/articles/2024/1224/departments/202412-p64-aftimg-icon2.jpg?ext=.jpg" role="presentation" alt=""> </a> <div class="card-body px-0"> <small class="text-uppercase text-black">After Image</small> <h5 class="my-1"><a href="/home/articles/volume_35/december_2024/departments/water_on_the_moon/">Water on the Moon</a></h5> <p><p>In a stop-action shot of water dripping from a faucet into a blue cup of water, motion is frozen by a flash that illuminates an image of the moon.</p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <hr class="my-0"> </div> </section> <div class="row"> <article id="Article" class="col-md-8"> </article> <aside id="ArticleOnlySidebar" class="col-md-4"> </aside> </div> </div> <section class="ArchiveIssues"> <div class="bg-dark mb-2"> <div class="container"> <div class="row justify-content-center row-cols-md-4 py-1"> <div class="col d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center text-center"> <a class="text-center text-white" href="/home/articles/volume_35/november_2024/"> <img class="img-fluid mb-1 mt-1" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/articles/2024/1124/departments/202411-cover-web.jpg?ext=.jpg" role="presentation" alt=""><br> <span class="text-center">November 2024</span> </a> </div> <div class="col d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center text-center"> <a class="text-center text-white" href="/home/articles/volume_35/october_2024/"> <img class="img-fluid mb-1 mt-1" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/articles/2024/1024/departments/202410-cover-web.jpg?ext=.jpg" role="presentation" alt="United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket"><br> <span class="text-center">October 2024</span> </a> </div> <div class="col d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center text-center"> <a class="text-center text-white" href="/home/articles/volume_35/september_2024/"> <img class="img-fluid mb-1 mt-1" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/articles/2024/0924/departments/202409-cover-web.jpg?ext=.jpg" role="presentation" alt="The voracious data needs of generative AI are creating new opportunities for companies in integrated photonics."><br> <span class="text-center">September 2024</span> </a> </div> <div class="col d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center"> <a class="text-white" href="/home/archive">View Archives >> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="container"> <div class="row justify-content-center my-2 py-1"> <div class="col-8"> </div> </div> <hr class="mt-0"> </div> </main>  <div class="modal bg-black d-lg-none fade" id="mobileNavMenu" data-keyboard="false" data-backdrop="false" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="mobileNavMenuLabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog h-100 mw-100 m-0"> <div class="modal-header text-uppercase justify-content-center"> <strong class="modal-title" id="mobileNavMenuLabel">Menu</strong> </div> <div class="modal-content h-100 bg-transparent"> <div class="modal-body h-100 d-flex flex-column px-1 py-0 pb-4"> <div class="navbar accordion p-0" id="mobileNavMenuAccordion"> <ul class="navbar-nav d-flex text-left justify-content-between flex-fill"> <li class="nav-item border-gray-700 border-bottom"> <button class="btn btn-link p-0 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#mobile17320" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="mobileNavLatest"> <span class="nav-link fz-9">Explore Latest</span> <i class="fas fa-chevron-right h5 m-0 p-1" aria-hidden="true"></i> </button> <div id="mobile17320" class="collapse"> <ul class="list-unstyled text-left mx-1 pb-2"> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/home/news">Research and Industry News</a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/home/careers">Careers</a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/home/books">Book Reviews</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item border-gray-700 border-bottom"> <button class="btn btn-link p-0 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#mobile17321" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="mobileNavLatest"> <span class="nav-link fz-9">Multimedia</span> <i class="fas fa-chevron-right h5 m-0 p-1" aria-hidden="true"></i> </button> <div id="mobile17321" class="collapse"> <ul class="list-unstyled text-left mx-1 pb-2"> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/home/gallery/after_images/">After Image</a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/home/gallery/image_of_the_week/">Image of the Week</a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/home/extras/opn_infographics">Infographics</a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/home/gallery/videos/">OPN Video</a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/home/gallery/photo_contests/">Photo Contest</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item border-gray-700 border-bottom"> <button class="btn btn-link p-0 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#mobile17322" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="mobileNavLatest"> <span class="nav-link fz-9">The Magazine</span> <i class="fas fa-chevron-right h5 m-0 p-1" aria-hidden="true"></i> </button> <div id="mobile17322" class="collapse"> <ul class="list-unstyled text-left mx-1 pb-2"> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/home/archive">Archive</a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/home/magazine">Latest Issue</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item border-gray-700 border-bottom"> <button class="btn btn-link p-0 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#mobile17323" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="mobileNavLatest"> <span class="nav-link fz-9">Information</span> <i class="fas fa-chevron-right h5 m-0 p-1" aria-hidden="true"></i> </button> <div id="mobile17323" class="collapse"> <ul class="list-unstyled text-left mx-1 pb-2"> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/home/about">About OPN</a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/home/contact">Contact</a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/home/advertiser">For Advertisers</a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/home/author">For Authors</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="row mt-2"> <a class="col btn btn-outline-primary p-1 mx-1" href="https://www.optica.org/join?utm_source=opn&utm_medium=button&utm_campaign=opn+join">JOIN OPTICA</a> <a class="col btn btn-outline-primary p-1 mx-1 text-nowrap" href="/account/login?returnUrl=%2Fhome%2Farticles%2Fvolume_35%2FDecember_2024%2F"> Log In </a> </div> <div class="modal-footer mt-auto d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center p-1"> <button class="close text-white" type="button" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>   <div class="modal bg-black d-lg-none fade" id="mobileSearchMenu" data-keyboard="false" data-backdrop="false" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog mw-100 h-100 m-0"> <div class="modal-content bg-transparent h-100"> <div class="modal-body d-flex flex-column align-items-center justify-content-center px-2 py-0"> <div class="w-100 mt-auto"> <input type="text" maxlength="1000" id="mobileSearchInput" class="form-control-lg mb-1 bg-transparent border-top-0 border-right-0 border-left-0 rounded-0 shadow-none text-white px-0 form-control"/> <input type="submit" value="Search" id="mobileSearchSubmit" class="col btn btn-primary p-1 btn-default"/> </div> <div class="modal-footer mt-auto d-flex w-100 justify-content-center align-items-center p-1"> <button class="close text-white" type="button" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <footer class="footer bg-black pb-3"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <div class="row no-gutters py-1"> <div class="col"> <ul class="list-inline list-unstyled mt-auto"> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://twitter.com/OPNmagazine" target="_blank"> <i class="fab fa-lg fa-twitter"></i> </a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/opticaworldwide" target="_blank"> <i class="fab fa-lg fa-facebook"></i> </a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/optica.worldwide/" target="_blank"> <i class="fab fa-lg fa-instagram"></i> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col"> <a href="/home/"> <img alt="" class="img-fluid mb-1" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/logos/opn-footer.svg" width="250" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-md-2 row-cols-lg-4"> <div class="col"> <h6 class="text-secondary">Explore Latest</h6> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li> <a href="/home/news/" > Research and Industry News </a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/careers/" > Careers </a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/books/" > Book Reviews </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col"> <h6 class="text-secondary">Multimedia</h6> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li> <a href="/home/gallery/image_of_the_week/" > Image of the Week </a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/gallery/videos/" > OPN Video </a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/gallery/after_images/" > After Image </a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/gallery/photo_contests/" > Photo Contest </a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/extras/opn_infographics/" > Infographics </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col"> <h6 class="text-secondary">The Magazine</h6> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li> <a href="/home/magazine/" > Latest Issue </a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/archive/" > Archive </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col"> <h6 class="text-secondary">Information</h6> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li> <a href="/home/about/" > About OPN </a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/author/" > For Authors </a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/advertiser/" > For Advertisers </a> </li> <li> <a href="/home/contact/" > Contact </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 col-lg-8 d-flex align-items-end text-center text-lg-left"> <small> <strong>Copyright 2024 OPTICA. All rights reserved. | <a href="/home/image_use_policy">Image Use Policy</a> | <a href="https://www.optica.org/about/policies/privacy_policy/" target="_blank">Privacy Policy</a> | <a href="https://www.optica.org/en-us/about_osa/policies/terms_of_use/" target="_blank"> Terms of Use</a></strong> </small> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg ml-lg-auto text-center text-lg-right"> <a href="https://www.optica.org"> <img class="img-fluid" src="https://opnmedia.blob.core.windows.net/$web/opn/media/images/logos/optica-white-2023.png" alt="Optica" style="max-width: 10rem; height: auto;" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <script src="https://kit.fontawesome.com/2fdb58459b.js" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/combine/npm/jquery@3.5.1/dist/jquery.slim.min.js,npm/popper.js@1.16.1,npm/bootstrap@4.6.2,npm/packery@2.1.2/dist/packery.pkgd.min.js,npm/imagesloaded@5.0.0/imagesloaded.pkgd.min.js"></script> <script type="module" src="/assets/js/main.js?v=8vFKRc4kEpwCPqZswcB0amZKCow1NLS2a2_AOdYItH0"></script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Optics & Photonics News - December 2024