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class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Gunea"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Edukiak" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Edukiak</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">⇑ Gora</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Webgunea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Webgunea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Webgunea</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Webgunea-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Erakutsi/ezkutatu Webgunea azpiatal</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Webgunea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Artikuluen_jatorria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Artikuluen_jatorria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Artikuluen jatorria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Artikuluen_jatorria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erabilgarritasuna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erabilgarritasuna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Erabilgarritasuna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erabilgarritasuna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erabiltzaileen_kokapena" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erabiltzaileen_kokapena"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Erabiltzaileen kokapena</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erabiltzaileen_kokapena-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ikerketa_zientifikoaren_gordailua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ikerketa_zientifikoaren_gordailua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Ikerketa zientifikoaren gordailua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ikerketa_zientifikoaren_gordailua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erreferentziak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erreferentziak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Erreferentziak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erreferentziak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ikus,_gainera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ikus,_gainera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ikus, gainera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ikus,_gainera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kanpo estekak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Eduki-taula" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sci-Hub</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 43 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-43" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">43 hizkuntza</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – afrikaansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaansa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%8A-%D9%87%D8%A8" title="ساي-هب – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ساي-هب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – azerbaijanera" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC" title="সাই-হাব – bengalera" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সাই-হাব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C-%DA%BE%DB%95%D8%A8" title="سای-ھەب – erdialdeko kurduera" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سای-ھەب" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="erdialdeko kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – estoniera" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="سای-هاب – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سای-هاب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – galiziera" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – hungariera" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – armeniera" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – georgiera" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – kirgizera" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%88-%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D" title="സൈ-ഹബ് – malabarera" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സൈ-ഹബ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – malaysiera" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaysiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – errumaniera" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="errumaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – esloveniera" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – albaniera" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%8B-%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A" title="ไซ-ฮับ – thailandiera" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไซ-ฮับ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – wu txinera" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub – txinera" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Sci-Hub" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q21980377#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Aldatu hizkuntzen arteko loturak" class="wbc-editpage">Aldatu loturak</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Izen-tarteak"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Eduki orrialdea ikusi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikulua</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eztabaida:Sci-Hub&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Artikuluari buruzko eztabaida (sortu gabe) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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middle;"><b>Sci-Hub</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Uniform_Resource_Locator" title="Uniform Resource Locator">URL helbidea</a> </th> <td>sci-hub.ltd<br />sci-hub.ren<br />sci-hub.zone<br />mg.scihub.ltd<br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vertsluisants.fr/index.php?article4/where-scihub-libgen-server-down">Zerbitzari lista</a></td></tr><tr><th>Komertziala?</th><td>Ez</td></tr> <tr> <th>Webgune mota </th> <td>Webgune zientifikoa</td></tr><tr><th>Erabiltzailea erregistratzea</th><td>Bat bera ere ez</td></tr><tr><th>Hizkuntza(k)</th><td>Ingelesa</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <th>Jabea </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Elbakyan" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandra Elbakyan">Alexandra Elbakyan</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Egilea</th><td><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Elbakyan" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandra Elbakyan">Alexandra Elbakyan</a></td></tr><tr><th>Argitalpen data</th><td><a href="/wiki/2011" title="2011">2011ko</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Irailaren_05&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irailaren 05 (sortu gabe)">irailaren 05a</a> (13 urte)</td></tr><tr><th>Egoera</th><td>Aktibo</td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Sci-Hub</b> biltegi eta <a href="/wiki/Webgune" title="Webgune">webgune</a> pirata bat da non 84 milioi <a href="/wiki/Zientzia-artikulu" title="Zientzia-artikulu">artikulu akademiko</a> baino gehiago aurkitzen diren. <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstango</a> <a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Elbakyan" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandra Elbakyan">Alexandra Elbakyanek</a> sortu zuen 2011ko irailaren 5ean, artikulu akademikoen kostu handien ondorioz.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Webgunea oso erabilia da mundu osoan. 2019ko irailean, jabeek esan zuten 400.000 eskaera inguru egiten zirela egunean eta 2021ean 2 milioi eskaera egunean.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sci-Hub-en artikulu <a href="/wiki/Datu-base" title="Datu-base">datu-basea</a> maiz eguneratzen da artikulu berriak gehituz web orrian, 2021eko otsailean 88 milioi baino gehiago izanik. </p><p><br /> Sci-Hub eta Elbakyan bi aldiz auzitara eraman zituzten, 2015ean eta 2017an <a href="/wiki/Ameriketako_Estatu_Batuak" title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuak">Ameriketako Estatu Batuetan</a> <a href="/wiki/Egile-eskubideak" title="Egile-eskubideak">copyright</a> arau-hausteengatik, eta bi kasuak galdu zituzten, <a href="/wiki/Interneteko_domeinu" title="Interneteko domeinu">Interneteko domeinuen</a> izen batzuk galduz.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Webguneak domeinu-izen ezberdinak erabili ditu ordutik. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sci-Hub&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Historia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sci-Hub&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Historia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sci-Hub <a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Elbakian" title="Alexandra Elbakian">Alexandra Elbakyanek</a> sortu zuen, <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstanen</a> jaioa 1988an.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elbakyanek Informazioaren teknologia gradu titulua eskuratu zuen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satbayev_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satbayev University (sortu gabe)">Kazakh National Technical Unibertsitatean</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> eta urtebete eman zuen Moskuko segurtasun informatikoko enpresa batean lanean. 2010ean Alemaniako <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friburgoko_Unibertsitatea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friburgoko Unibertsitatea (sortu gabe)">Friburgoko Unibertsitateko</a> ikerketa-talde batean sartu zen. Orduan <a href="/wiki/Transhumanismo" title="Transhumanismo">transhumanismotaz</a> interesatu zen eta <a href="/wiki/Ameriketako_Estatu_Batuak" title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuak">Estatu Batuetako</a> <a href="/wiki/Transhumanismo" title="Transhumanismo">transhumanismo</a> konferentzia batean parte hartu ondoren, Elbakyan bere herrialdera itzuli zen eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Georgia_Institute_of_Technology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georgia Institute of Technology (sortu gabe)">Georgia Institute of Technologyn</a> ikerketa lanetan ibili zen. </p><p>Ondoren <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstanera</a> itzuli zen, non herrialdeko unibertsitate batean ikerketzen hasi zen. Elbakyanen arabera, zaila izan zitzaion bere ikerketa proiektuaren inguruko paper zientifikoei heltzea. Ikerketa paperak partekatzeko helburuz egin zituen ekarpenak <a href="/wiki/Foro_(internet)" title="Foro (internet)">foro</a> desberdinetara paperak igotzen. 2011n, Sci-Hub garatu zuen paperak automatikoki partekatzeko, urte bereko irailaren 5ean abiatuz. </p><p>2021eko maiatzean, Sci-Hub erabiltzaileek webgunearen datuak gordetzeko kolaboratu zuten. 2021eko irailean, <a href="/wiki/Webgune" title="Webgune">webgunearen</a> hamargarren urteurrena ospatu zuen 2,3 milioi artikulu baino gehiago igoz bere datu-basera.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Webgunea">Webgunea</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sci-Hub&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Webgunea»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sci-Hub&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Webgunea"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gunea erabiltzaileen donazioz finantzatzen da.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a> kodea, <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> <a href="/wiki/Zerbitzari" title="Zerbitzari">web-zerbitzarien</a> konfigurazioa eta horien mantentze-lanak Elbakyanek berak egiten du dena espioien arriskurik ez izateko edo talde hautsi batek zerbitzua arriskuan jar ez dezan.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Urteetan zehar, zenbait URL helbide eta IP helbide erabili dira Sci-Hub-erako, hainbat lege-agintarik konfiskatu baitituzte dozenaka <a href="/wiki/Domeinu_izen" class="mw-redirect" title="Domeinu izen">domeinu-izen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Artikuluen_jatorria">Artikuluen jatorria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sci-Hub&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Artikuluen jatorria»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sci-Hub&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Artikuluen jatorria"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sci-Hub-ek artikuluak lortzen ditu kredentzial filtratuei esker,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> baina kredentzialen jatorria ez da guztiz argia.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Badirudi batzuk dohaintzan emanak izan direla, beste batzuk Sci-Hub-era iritsi aurretik salduak izan direla, eta beste batzuk <a href="/wiki/Phishing" title="Phishing">phishing</a> bidez lortutakoak ondoren Sci-Hub-ek erabiliz.<sup id="cite_ref-#1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-#1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Elbakyanek berak ukatu zuen <a href="/wiki/Phishing" title="Phishing">phishing</a> mezu elektronikorik bidali izana, eta esan zuen: "Pasahitzen iturri zehatza ez zen inoiz pertsonalki garrantzitsua niretzat".<sup id="cite_ref-:3_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Scholarly Kitchen, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Society_for_Scholarly_Publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Society for Scholarly Publishing (sortu gabe)">Society for Scholarly Publishing</a>-ek sortutako blogaren arabera, Sci-Hub-en aurkako lege-ekintzetan inplikatuta dauden kideak dituena, Sci-Hubek artikuluak eskuratzeko erabiltzen dituen kredentzialak lotuta daude unibertsitate-sareetan beste informazio bat eskuratzearekin (esaterako, ziberespioitza unibertsitateei) eta kredentzialak merkatu beltzetan saltzearekin.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hainbat artikuluk jakinarazi dute 39 herrialdetako 370 unibertsitate baino gehiagoko sare informatikoetan sartu dela Sci-Hub. Horien artean 150 erakunde baino gehiago daude Estatu Batuetan, 30 baino gehiago Kanadan, 39 Erresuma Batuan eta 10 baino gehiago Suedian. Erresuma Batuko unibertsitateen artean <a href="/wiki/Cambridgeko_Unibertsitatea" title="Cambridgeko Unibertsitatea">Cambridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxfordeko_Unibertsitatea" title="Oxfordeko Unibertsitatea">Oxford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial College London</a> aurkitzen dira.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Erabilgarritasuna">Erabilgarritasuna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sci-Hub&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erabilgarritasuna»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sci-Hub&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Erabilgarritasuna"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sci-Hub webguneak ia argitaletxe akademiko guztietako artikuluak eskaintzen ditu, hala nola <a href="/wiki/Elsevier" title="Elsevier">Elsevier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nature" title="Nature">Springer/Nature</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Institute_of_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (sortu gabe)">Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_Chemical_Society" title="American Chemical Society">American Chemical Society</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiley_Blackwell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wiley Blackwell (sortu gabe)">Wiley Blackwell</a> eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Society_of_Chemistry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal Society of Chemistry (sortu gabe)">Royal Society of Chemistry</a>, baita sarbide irekiko lanak ere, eta argitaletxeen egile-eskubideak kontuan hartu gabe banatzen ditu.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ez da harpidetzarik edo ordainketarik behar.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Erabiltzaileak interfaze bateratu batekin sar daitezke iturri guztietako artikuluetara, orrialde nagusiko bilaketa-barran, Sci-Hub <a href="/wiki/URL" class="mw-redirect" title="URL">URLean</a> <a href="/wiki/DOI" class="mw-redirect" title="DOI">DOI</a> sartuz, edo editore baten <a href="/wiki/URL" class="mw-redirect" title="URL">URLa</a> Sci-Hub bilatzailean gehituz.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eskaera batzuk erabiltzaileak <a href="/wiki/Captcha" title="Captcha">Captcha</a> bat sartzea eskatzen dute.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Telegram_(aplikazioa)" title="Telegram (aplikazioa)">Telegram</a> berehalako mezularitza-zerbitzuan ere eskura daitezke lanak, bot baten bitartez.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Artikulua dagoeneko <a href="/wiki/Gordailu_digital" title="Gordailu digital">gordailuan</a> badago, eskaera berehala beteko da. Artikulua jada ez badago <a href="/wiki/Gordailu_digital" title="Gordailu digital">gordailuan</a>, itxarote-pantaila bat agertuko da, eta webguneak beste pertsona baten izendapen-agiriak agertuko dizkio erabiltzailearen izenean <a href="/wiki/Proxy" title="Proxy">proxy</a> serie batzuei, artikulurako sarbidea duen bat aurkitzen duen arte; orduan, erabiltzailea aurkeztu eta gordailuan gordeko da.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-#1_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-#1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2014. urtearen amaierara arte, Sci-Hub LibGen-en oinarritzen zen biltegiratze gisa: erabiltzaileek eskatutako artikuluak LibGen-i eskatzen zitzaizkion eta handik zerbitzatzen ziren eskuragarri bazeuden, bestela beste bide batzuetatik bilatzen ziren eta gero LibGen-en biltegiratzen ziren.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Biltegiratze iraunkorrari esker, aurreko sistemak baino erabiltzaile gehiagori eman ahal zitzaien zerbitzua, <a href="/wiki/Cache_memoria" title="Cache memoria">Cache memoriaren</a> edukia ezabatzen baitzuen 6 orduren ondoren.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2015az geroztik, Sci-Hubek bere biltegiratzea erabiltzen du helburu bererako. 2017an, Sci-Hubek <a href="/wiki/Liburu_elektroniko" title="Liburu elektroniko">liburu elektronikoen</a> eskaerak Libgen-i zuzentzen jarraitzen zuen.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Webguneak 2021ean presio legal handiagoari aurre egin ondoren, artxibozainek erreskate-misio bati ekin zioten, webgunerako eta edukietarako sarbide iraunkorra ziurtatzeko. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Reddit" title="Reddit">Reddit</a>-en webgune batean antolatu ziren, <a href="/wiki/BitTorrent" title="BitTorrent">BitTorrent</a> teknologiaren bidez Sci-Hub-eko edukien biltegiratze deszentralizatua eta entrega koordinatzeko.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Erabiltzaileen_kokapena">Erabiltzaileen kokapena</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sci-Hub&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erabiltzaileen kokapena»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sci-Hub&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Erabiltzaileen kokapena"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>2016an Sci-Hub-i egindako 28 milioi eskaeraren azterketan, Science-n argitaratua, Who's downloading pirated papers? Everyonek Sci-Hub erabiltzaileen mapa bat erakusten du, mundu osoko puntuekin.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ikerketa_zientifikoaren_gordailua">Ikerketa zientifikoaren gordailua</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sci-Hub&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ikerketa zientifikoaren gordailua»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sci-Hub&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Ikerketa zientifikoaren gordailua"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sci-Hubek artxibo akademikoa egile garaikidearen <a href="/wiki/Egile-eskubideak" title="Egile-eskubideak">egile-eskubideak</a> mugetatik kanpo egiten du, eta <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a> ez bezala, sarbide irekiko lizentziarik ez duten obra akademikoetarako sarbidea ere ematen du.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sci-Hub-en eskuragarri dauden artikuluen datuak iraulita daude.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemia" title="COVID-19 pandemia">COVID-19aren pandemiari</a> erantzunez, artxibozain talde batek Sci-Hub erabili du <a href="/wiki/Koronabirus" title="Koronabirus">koronabirusari</a> buruzko 5.000 artikulu baino gehiagoko <a href="/wiki/Gordailu_digital" title="Gordailu digital">gordailu digital</a> bat sortzeko. Onartzen dute <a href="/wiki/Gordailu_digital" title="Gordailu digital">gordailu digitala</a> argi eta garbi irisgarria izatea legez kanpokoa dela, baina agindu moraltzat jotzen dute.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sci-Hub&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sci-Hub&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Erreferentziak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:1-1">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-0"><sup><b>a</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-1"><sup><b>b</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-2"><sup><b>c</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-3"><sup><b>d</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-4"><sup><b>e</b></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFHimmelsteinRomeroLevernierMunro2018-03-01">Himmelstein, Daniel S; Romero, Ariel Rodriguez; Levernier, Jacob G; Munro, Thomas Anthony; McLaughlin, Stephen Reid; Greshake Tzovaras, Bastian; Greene, Casey S.  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(2016-03-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://crln.acrl.org/index.php/crlnews/article/view/9457">«Sci-Hub unmasked: Piracy, information policy, and your library»</a> <i>College & Research Libraries News</i> 77 (3): 122–125.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.5860%2Fcrln.77.3.9457">10.5860/crln.77.3.9457</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/2150-6698">2150-6698</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2021-12-07)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-12">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_12-0"><sup><b>a</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_12-1"><sup><b>b</b></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFRosenwald2016-03-30">Rosenwald, Michael S..  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Think Again»</a> <i>The Scholarly Kitchen</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2021-12-07)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFRohrlich">Rohrlich, Justin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qz.com/1773765/sci-hub-creator-says-shes-not-working-for-russian-intelligence/">«The “Robin Hood of science” says she’s not a Russian asset»</a> <i>Quartz</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2021-12-07)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Suedieraz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Suedieraz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dn.se/ekonomi/spion-eller-en-kunskapens-robin-hood/">«Spion eller en kunskapens Robin Hood?»</a> <i>Dagens Nyheter</i> 2020-01-10 <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1101-2447">1101-2447</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2021-12-07)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFFortson">Fortson, Danny. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/russian-pirate-hacked-39-british-universities-6x9335xh9"><i>‘Russian pirate hacked 39 British universities’. </i></a> <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0140-0460">0140-0460</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2021-12-07)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tricitynews.com/local-news/ubc-sfu-allegedly-hacked-by-russian-intelligence-backed-internet-pirates-3113820">«UBC, SFU allegedly hacked by Russian intelligence-backed internet pirates»</a> <i>Tri-City News</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2021-12-07)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFCabanac2016-04">Cabanac, Guillaume.  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(2016-02-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/2016/02/25/sci-hub-how-does-it-work/">«Sci-Hub: How Does it Work?»</a> <i>The Scholarly Kitchen</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2021-12-07)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181118182646/https://www.deepdotweb.com/2016/05/23/sci-hub-offers-encrypted-bot-help-users-stay-safe/">«Sci-Hub Offers Encrypted Bot to Help Users Stay Safe - Deep Dot Web»</a> <i>web.archive.org</i> 2018-11-18 <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2021-12-07)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://americanlibrariesmagazine.org/2016/05/31/why-sci-hub-matters/">«Sci-Hub: What It Is and Why It Matters»</a> <i>American Libraries Magazine</i> 2016-05-31 <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2021-12-07)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gizmodo.com/archivists-want-to-make-sci-hub-un-censorable-1846898276">«Archivists Want to Make Sci-Hub 'Un-Censorable'»</a> <i>Gizmodo</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2021-12-07)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFshrine2021-05-14">shrine.  (2021-05-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reddit.com/r/DataHoarder/comments/nc27fv/rescue_mission_for_scihub_and_open_science_we_are/">«Rescue Mission for Sci-Hub and Open Science: We are the library.»</a> <i>r/DataHoarder</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2021-12-07)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sci-Hub&oldid=1058587818"><i>Sci-Hub. </i></a> 2021-12-04 <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2021-12-07)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFFrancisco">Francisco, Thomas Claburn in San. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theregister.com/2020/09/10/open_access_journal/">«Open access journals are vanishing from the web, Internet Archive stands ready to fill in the gaps»</a> <i>www.theregister.com</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2021-12-07)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFGreshake2017-04-21">Greshake, Bastian.  (2017-04-21). [<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5428489/">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5428489/</a> «Looking into Pandora's Box: The Content of Sci-Hub and its Usage»] <i>F1000Research</i> 6: 541.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.12688%2Ff1000research.11366.1">10.12688/f1000research.11366.1</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/2046-1402">2046-1402</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28529712">28529712</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5428489">5428489</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2021-12-07)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vice.com/en/article/z3b3v5/archivists-are-bypassing-paywalls-to-share-studies-about-coronaviruses">«'It’s a Moral Imperative:' Archivists Made a Directory of 5,000 Coronavirus Studies to Bypass Paywalls»</a> <i>www.vice.com</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2021-12-07)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ikus,_gainera"><span id="Ikus.2C_gainera"></span>Ikus, gainera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sci-Hub&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ikus, gainera»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sci-Hub&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Ikus, gainera"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Swartz#Open_Access" title="Aaron Swartz">Guerilla Open Access Manifesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access">Open access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pirate_Bay" title="The Pirate Bay">The Pirate Bay</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo_estekak">Kanpo estekak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Autoritate_kontrola" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Autoritate_kontrola" title="Laguntza:Autoritate kontrola">Autoritate kontrola</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Wikimedia proiektuak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21980377" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q21980377">Q21980377</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sci-Hub">Sci-Hub</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q21980377%22">Q21980377</a></span></span></li></ul> <hr /> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="mw-mf-linked-projects hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21980377" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q21980377">Q21980377</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sci-Hub">Sci-Hub</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q21980377%22">Q21980377</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐75687f9f4b‐xdm99 Cached time: 20250322011030 Cache expiry: 82186 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.373 seconds Real time usage: 0.441 seconds 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