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height: 1.4375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Слободна енциклопедија" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-mk.svg" width="114" height="11" style="width: 7.125em; height: 0.6875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%98" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Пребарај низ Википедија [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Пребарај</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Пребарајте по Википедија" aria-label="Пребарајте по Википедија" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Пребарај низ Википедија [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Специјална:Барај"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Пребарај</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Лични алатки"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Изглед"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Сменете ги големината на фонтот, ширината и бојата" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Изглед" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Изглед</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_mk.wikipedia.org&uselang=mk" class=""><span>Дарување</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Ви препорачуваме да направите сметка и да се најавите, иако тоа не е задолжително" class=""><span>Направи сметка</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Ви препорачуваме да се најавите, иако тоа не е задолжително. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Најава</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Повеќе можности" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Лични алатки" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Лични алатки</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Корисничко мени" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_mk.wikipedia.org&uselang=mk"><span>Дарување</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Ви препорачуваме да направите сметка и да се најавите, иако тоа не е задолжително"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Направи сметка</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Ви препорачуваме да се најавите, иако тоа не е задолжително. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Најава</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страници за одјавени уредници <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%88:%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4" aria-label="Дознајте повеќе за уредувањето"><span>дознајте повеќе</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Список на уредувања направени од оваа IP-адреса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Придонеси</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a 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href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8\" title=\"Википедија:Уредувачки натпревари\"\u003Eуредувачки натпревар\u003C/a\u003E за \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_(2024)\" title=\"Википедија:Уредувачки натпревари/Средување (2024)\"\u003Eсредување на статии\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E. Прочитајте ги правилата и вклучете се!\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Мрежно место"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Содржина" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Содржина</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">премести во страничникот</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">скриј</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Почеток</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Историја" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Историја"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Историја</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Историја-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Хемиски_својства" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Хемиски_својства"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Хемиски својства</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Хемиски_својства-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Префрли на пододделот Хемиски својства</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Хемиски_својства-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Мешливост" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Мешливост"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Мешливост</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Мешливост-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Производство" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Производство"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Производство</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Производство-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Префрли на пододделот Производство</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Производство-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Други_подготвителни_правци" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Други_подготвителни_правци"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Други подготвителни правци</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Други_подготвителни_правци-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Употреба" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Употреба"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Употреба</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Употреба-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Префрли на пододделот Употреба</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Употреба-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Прекурсор_на_бензен_и_ксилен" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Прекурсор_на_бензен_и_ксилен"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Прекурсор на бензен и ксилен</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Прекурсор_на_бензен_и_ксилен-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Нитрирање" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Нитрирање"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Нитрирање</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Нитрирање-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Оксидација" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Оксидација"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Оксидација</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Оксидација-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Растворувач" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Растворувач"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Растворувач</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Растворувач-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Гориво" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Гориво"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Гориво</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Гориво-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Други_употреби" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Други_употреби"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Други употреби</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Други_употреби-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Токсикологија_и_метаболизам" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Токсикологија_и_метаболизам"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Токсикологија и метаболизам</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Токсикологија_и_метаболизам-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Префрли на пододделот Токсикологија и метаболизам</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Токсикологија_и_метаболизам-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Рекреативна_употреба" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Рекреативна_употреба"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Рекреативна употреба</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Рекреативна_употреба-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Биоремедијација" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Биоремедијација"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Биоремедијација</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Биоремедијација-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Наводи" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Наводи"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Наводи</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Наводи-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Цитирани_извори" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Цитирани_извори"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Цитирани извори</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Цитирани_извори-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Надворешни_врски" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Надворешни_врски"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Надворешни врски</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Надворешни_врски-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Содржина" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Прик./скр. содржина" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Прик./скр. содржина</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Толуен</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Појдете на статија на друг јазик. Достапно на 64 јазици" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 јазици</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolueen" title="Tolueen — африканс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tolueen" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африканс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86" title="تولوين — арапски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تولوين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арапски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolu%C3%A9n" title="Toluén — арагонски" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Toluén" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluol" title="Toluol — азербејџански" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Toluol" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербејџански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%86" title="تولوئن — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="تولوئن" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8" title="টলুইন — бенгалски" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="টলুইন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluene" title="Toluene — јужномински" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Toluene" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="јужномински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Талуол — белоруски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Талуол" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белоруски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Толуен — бугарски" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Толуен" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="бугарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluen" title="Toluen — босански" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Toluen" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolu%C3%A8" title="Toluè — каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Toluè" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluen" title="Toluen — чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Toluen" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluen" title="Toluen — дански" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Toluen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluol" title="Toluol — германски" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Toluol" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="германски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolueen" title="Tolueen — естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tolueen" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Τολουόλιο — грчки" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τολουόλιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грчки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluene" title="Toluene — англиски" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Toluene" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolueno" title="Tolueno — шпански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tolueno" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="шпански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolueno" title="Tolueno — есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tolueno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolueno" title="Tolueno — баскиски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tolueno" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%86" title="تولوئن — персиски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تولوئن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolu%C3%A8ne" title="Toluène — француски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Toluène" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tol%C3%BA%C3%A9in" title="Tolúéin — ирски" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Tolúéin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolueno" title="Tolueno — галициски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tolueno" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галициски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%86%A8%EB%A3%A8%EC%97%94" title="톨루엔 — корејски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="톨루엔" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B8%D5%AC" title="Տոլուոլ — ерменски" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տոլուոլ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ерменски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8" title="टॉल्यूइन — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="टॉल्यूइन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluen" title="Toluen — хрватски" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Toluen" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хрватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluena" title="Toluena — индонезиски" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Toluena" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluene" title="Toluene — италијански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Toluene" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италијански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9F" title="טולואן — хебрејски" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טולואן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="хебрејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ტოლუოლი — грузиски" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტოლუოლი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Толуол — казашки" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Толуол" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Толуол — киргиски" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Толуол" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluols" title="Toluols — латвиски" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Toluols" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латвиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluenas" title="Toluenas — литвански" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Toluenas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литвански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluen" title="Toluen — ломбардиски" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Toluen" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ломбардиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluol" title="Toluol — унгарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Toluol" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="унгарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86" title="تولوين — египетски арапски" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تولوين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="египетски арапски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluena" title="Toluena — малајски" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Toluena" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малајски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolueen" title="Tolueen — холандски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tolueen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="холандски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3" title="トルエン — јапонски" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トルエン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="јапонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluen" title="Toluen — норвешки букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Toluen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвешки букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86" title="ٹالوین — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ٹالوین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluen" title="Toluen — полски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Toluen" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="полски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolueno" title="Tolueno — португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tolueno" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluen" title="Toluen — романски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Toluen" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="романски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Толуол — руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Толуол" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluene" title="Toluene — шкотски германски" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Toluene" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шкотски германски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolu%C3%A9n" title="Toluén — словачки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Toluén" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словачки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluen" title="Toluen — словенечки" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Toluen" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенечки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluen" title="Toluen — српски" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Toluen" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="српски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluen" title="Toluen — српскохрватски" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Toluen" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="српскохрватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolueeni" title="Tolueeni — фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tolueeni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluen" title="Toluen — шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Toluen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="தொலுயீன் — тамилски" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தொலுயீன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="โทลูอีน — тајландски" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โทลูอีน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тајландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluen" title="Toluen — турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Toluen" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Толуен — украински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Толуен" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="ٹالواین — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ٹالواین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluen" title="Toluen — виетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Toluen" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="виетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%AF" title="甲苯 — ву" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="甲苯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%AF" title="甲苯 — кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="甲苯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E8%8B%AF" title="甲苯 — кинески" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="甲苯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кинески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15779#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Уредување на меѓујазични врски" class="wbc-editpage">Уреди врски</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Именски простори"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Преглед на содржинската страница [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Страница</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80:%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" rel="discussion" title="Разговор за содржинската страница [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Разговор</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Менување на јазичната варијанта" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">македонски</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Посети"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD"><span>Читај</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit" title="Уредете ја страницава [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Уреди</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit" title="Уредување на изворниот код на страницава [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Уреди извор</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=history" title="Претходни верзии на оваа страница. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Историја</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Алатки за страници"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="алатник" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">алатник</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Алатки</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">премести во страничникот</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">скриј</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Повеќе можности" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Дејства </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD"><span>Читај</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit" title="Уредете ја страницава [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Уреди</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit" title="Уредување на изворниот код на страницава [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Уреди извор</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=history"><span>Историја</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Општо </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%9E%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B5/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Список на сите викистраници што водат овде [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Што води овде</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" rel="nofollow" title="Скорешни промени на страници со врски на оваа страница [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Поврзани промени</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Список на сите 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD"><span>Создај книга</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=show-download-screen"><span>Преземи како PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&printable=yes" title="Верзија за печатење на оваа страница [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Верзија за печатење</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> На други проекти </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Toluene" hreflang="en"><span>Ризница</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15779" title="Врска до поврзаниот предмет во складиштето за податоци [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Предмет на Википодатоци</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Алатки за страници"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Изглед"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Изглед</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">премести во страничникот</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">скриј</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Од Википедија — слободната енциклопедија</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="mk" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox bordered" style="border-collapse:collapse; margin-top:2px; width:22em; text-align:left; ;"> <caption style="text-align:center;">Толуен </caption> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="borderless" align="center"> <table border="0" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border-right:1px solid #aaa;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Toluol.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Toluol.svg/80px-Toluol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Toluol.svg/120px-Toluol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Toluol.svg/160px-Toluol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="70" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Toluene-from-xtal-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Toluene-from-xtal-3D-balls.png/100px-Toluene-from-xtal-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Toluene-from-xtal-3D-balls.png/150px-Toluene-from-xtal-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Toluene-from-xtal-3D-balls.png/200px-Toluene-from-xtal-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="820" data-file-height="1100" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="2"><div class="NavFrame" style="border:none; padding:0;"><div class="NavHead" style="width:96%; background:transparent;text-align:center;">Претпочитано име по <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%93%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%98%D1%83%D0%B7_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Меѓународен сојуз за чиста и применета хемија">МСЧПХ</a>:</div><div class="NavContent" style="width:96%; background:transparent;text-align:center;"><p style="word-wrap: break-word;">Толуен<sup id="cite_ref-iupac2013_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iupac2013-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/IUPAC-%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="IUPAC-номенклатура">Систематско име</a> </td> <td>Метилбензен </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="2"><div class="NavFrame" style="border:none; padding:0;"><div class="NavHead" style="width:96%; background:transparent;text-align:center;">Други називи</div><div class="NavContent" style="width:96%; background:transparent;text-align:center;"><p style="word-wrap: break-word;">Метил бензен<sup id="cite_ref-h1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-h1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Бензилен<br />Фенилметан<br />Толуол<br />Анисен</p></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#f8eaba; text-align:center;">Назнаки </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/CAS-%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%98" title="CAS-број">CAS-бр.</a></div> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.commonchemistry.org/ChemicalDetail.aspx?ref=108-88-3">108-88-3</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><span style="display:none">Ок</span></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Кратенки </td> <td>PhMe<br />MePh<br />BnH<br />Tol </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChEBI" title="ChEBI">ChEBI</a> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=17578">CHEBI:17578</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><span style="display:none">Н</span></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChEMBL" title="ChEMBL">ChEMBL</a> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembldb/index.php/compound/inspect/ChEMBL9113">ChEMBL9113</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><span style="display:none">Ок</span></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.1108.html">1108</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><span style="display:none">Ок</span></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank">DrugBank</a> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01900">DB01900</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><span style="display:none">Н</span></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%; text-align:left; font-weight:normal; background:transparent;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%93%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Меѓународна хемиска назнака (страницата не постои)">InChI</a></div> <ul class="NavContent" style="list-style: none; margin-left: 0; max-width:22em; text-align:left; padding-left:1em; font-size:105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; margin-top:0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;">InChI=1S/C7H8/c1-7-5-3-2-4-6-7/h2-6H,1H3<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><span style="display:none">Ок</span></sup><br />Клуч: YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><span style="display:none">Ок</span></sup></div> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; margin-top:0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;">InChI=1/C7H8/c1-7-5-3-2-4-6-7/h2-6H,1H3<br />Клуч: YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYAT</div> </li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">IUPHAR/BPS</div> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?tab=summary&ligandId=5481">5481</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3Д-модел (<a href="/wiki/Jmol" title="Jmol">Jmol</a>) </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/jmol.php?model=Cc1ccccc1">Слика</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/KEGG" title="KEGG">KEGG</a> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kegg.jp/entry/C01455">C01455</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><span style="display:none">Ок</span></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=1140">1140</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Регистар на токсичните дејства на хемиските супстанции">RTECS-бр.</a> </td> <td>XS5250000 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%; text-align:left; font-weight:normal; background:transparent;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Упростен систем за заведување во редови со молекуларен внос">SMILES</a></div> <ul class="NavContent" style="list-style: none; margin-left: 0; max-width:22em; text-align:left; padding-left:1em; font-size:105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; margin-top:0.6em; border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;">Cc1ccccc1</div> </li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Единствена назнака за состојки">UNII</a> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fdasis.nlm.nih.gov/srs/srsdirect.jsp?regno=3FPU23BG52">3FPU23BG52</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><span style="display:none">Ок</span></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#f8eaba; text-align:center;">Својства </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Хемиска формула">Хемиска формула</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Моларна маса">Моларна маса</a> </td> <td>0 g mol<sup>−1</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Изглед </td> <td>Безбојна течност<sup id="cite_ref-GESTIS_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GESTIS-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мирис (страницата не постои)">Мирис</a> </td> <td>сладок, лут, сличен на <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Бензен">бензен</a><sup id="cite_ref-PGCH_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGCH-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Густина">Густина</a> </td> <td>0,8623 g/mL (25 °C)<sup id="cite_ref-h1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-h1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Точка на топење">Точка на топење</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Точка на вриење">Точка на вриење</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Воден раствор">Растворливост во вода</a></div> </td> <td>0,54 g/L (5 °C)<br />0,519 g/L (25 °C)<br />0,63 g/L (45 °C)<br />1,2 g/L (90 °C)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Партиционен коефициент (страницата не постои)">log P</a> </td> <td>2,73<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Парен притисок">Парен притисок</a> </td> <td>2,8 kPa (20 °C)<sup id="cite_ref-PGCH_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGCH-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Магнетна чувствителност (страницата не постои)">Магнетна чувствителност</a> (χ)</div> </td> <td>−66,1·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Топлинска спроводливост">Топлинска спроводливост</a> </td> <td>0,1310<span class="nowrap"> </span>W/(m·K) (25 °C)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%88%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Показател на прекршување">Показател на прекршување</a> (<i>n</i><sub>D</sub>) </td> <td>1,4941 (25 °C)<sup id="cite_ref-h1_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-h1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Вискозност">Вискозност</a> </td> <td>0,560<span class="nowrap"> </span>mPa·s (25 °C)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Структура </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Диполен момент (страницата не постои)">Диполен момент</a> </td> <td>0,375 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Debye&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Debye (страницата не постои)">D</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Термохемија </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Стандардна етналпија на образување (страницата не постои)">Ст. енталпија на<br />образување</a> Δ<sub>f</sub><i>H</i><sup><s>o</s></sup><sub>298</sub> </td> <td>12,4<span class="nowrap"> </span>kJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Стандардна енталпија на согорување (страницата не постои)">Ст. енталпија на<br />согорување</a> Δ<sub>c</sub><i>H</i><sup><s>o</s></sup><sub>298</sub> </td> <td>3,910<span class="nowrap"> </span>MJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Специфичен топлински капацитет">Специфичен топлински капацитет</a>, <i>C</i> </td> <td>157,3<span class="nowrap"> </span>J/(mol·K) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#f8eaba; text-align:center;">Опасност </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background-color:#eaeaea;"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Безбедност при работа (страницата не постои)">Безбедност при работа</a></b>: </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f1f1f1;"> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Главни опасности</div> </td> <td>многу запалив </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background-color:#eaeaea;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Глобално ускладен систем на класификација и означување на хемикалиите (страницата не постои)"><b>GHS</b>-ознаки</a>: </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f1f1f1;"> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Пиктограми</div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="GHS02: Запаливо"><img alt="GHS02: Запаливо" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg/50px-GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg/75px-GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg/100px-GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="GHS08: Опасност по здравјето"><img alt="GHS08: Опасност по здравјето" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg/50px-GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg/75px-GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg/100px-GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="724" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="GHS07: Извичник"><img alt="GHS07: Извичник" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg/50px-GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg/75px-GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg/100px-GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f1f1f1;"> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Сигнални зборови</div> </td> <td><b>Опасност</b> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f1f1f1;"> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Изјави за опасност</div> </td> <td><abbr class="abbr" title="H225: Многу запалива течност или испарение">H225</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="H304: Може да биде смртоносно ако се проголта или ако навлезе во дишните патишта">H304</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="H315: Предизвикува раздразнување на кожата">H315</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="H336: Може да предизвика поспаност или несвестица">H336</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="H361d: Се претпоставува дека го оштетува плодот">H361d</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="H373: Може да ги оштети органите при долготрајна или повеќекратна изложеност">H373</abbr> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f1f1f1;"> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Изјави за претпазливост</div> </td> <td><abbr class="abbr" title="P210: Држете понастрана од топлина, врели површини, искри, отворен пламен и други извори на палење. Забрането пушење.">P210</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P240: Заземјен и прицврстен сад и опрема за преточување.">P240</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P301+P310: АКО СЕ ПРОГОЛТА: Веднаш јавете се во ЦЕНТАРОТ ЗА КОНТРОЛА НА ТРУЕЊА или на лекар.">P301+P310</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P302+P352: АКО ДОЈДЕ ВО ДОПИР СО КОЖАТА: Мијте со сапун и вода.">P302+P352</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P308+P313: АКО дојде до изложеност или се сомневате на тоа: Побарајте медицински совет/нега.">P308+P313</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P314: Побарајте медицински совет/нега ако не се чувствувате добро.">P314</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P403+P233: Складирајте на добро проветрено место. Држете го садот цврсто затворен.">P403+P233</abbr> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/NFPA_704" title="NFPA 704"><b>NFPA 704</b></a> </td> <td><div style="width:100%; background:transparent;"><div id="container" style="margin:0 auto; width:82px; font-family:sans-serif"><div id="on_image_elements" class="nounderlines" style="background:; float:left; font-size:20px; text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; position:relative; height:80px; width:80px; padding:1px;"> <div role="img" id="diamond_image_and_mw_ImageMap" style="position:absolute; height:80px; width:80px;"><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="NFPA 704 four-colored diamond" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/80px-NFPA_704.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/120px-NFPA_704.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/160px-NFPA_704.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" usemap="#ImageMap_44d581864eac5322" /></span><map name="ImageMap_44d581864eac5322"><area href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Сино" shape="poly" coords="23,23,47,47,23,70,0,47" alt="Здравје 2: Силна или подлоготрајна но не хронична изложеност може да предизвика привремена онеспособеност или можна остаточна повреда. На пр. хлороформ" title="Здравје 2: Силна или подлоготрајна но не хронична изложеност може да предизвика привремена онеспособеност или можна остаточна повреда. На пр. хлороформ" /><area href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Црвено" shape="poly" coords="47,0,70,23,47,47,23,23" alt="Запаливост 3: Течности и цврсти материи кои може да се запалат на речиси сите амбиентни температурни услови. Точка на палење помеѓу 23 и 38 °C. На пр. бензин" title="Запаливост 3: Течности и цврсти материи кои може да се запалат на речиси сите амбиентни температурни услови. Точка на палење помеѓу 23 и 38 °C. На пр. бензин" /><area href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Жолто" shape="poly" coords="70,23,94,47,70,70,47,47" alt="Нестабилност 0: Вообичаено стабилна, дури и при изложеност на оган, и не реагира со вода. На пр. течен азот" title="Нестабилност 0: Вообичаено стабилна, дури и при изложеност на оган, и не реагира со вода. На пр. течен азот" /><area href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Бело" shape="poly" coords="47,47,70,70,47,94,23,70" alt="Посебни опасности (бела): нема код" title="Посебни опасности (бела): нема код" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><div style="width:13px; text-align:center; position:absolute; top:31px; left:15px;"> <a href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Сино" title="NFPA 704"><span style="color:black;" title="Здравје 2: Силна или подлоготрајна но не хронична изложеност може да предизвика привремена онеспособеност или можна остаточна повреда. На пр. хлороформ">2</span></a></div><div style="width:12px; text-align:center; position:absolute; top:12px; left:35px;"> <a href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Црвено" title="NFPA 704"><span style="color:black;" title="Запаливост 3: Течности и цврсти материи кои може да се запалат на речиси сите амбиентни температурни услови. Точка на палење помеѓу 23 и 38 °C. На пр. бензин">3</span></a></div><div style="width:13px; text-align:center; position:absolute; top:31px; left:54px;"> <a href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Жолто" title="NFPA 704"><span style="color:black;" title="Нестабилност 0: Вообичаено стабилна, дури и при изложеност на оган, и не реагира со вода. На пр. течен азот">0</span></a></div></div></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Температура на запалување">Температура на запалување</a> </td> <td>4 °C (39 °F; 277 K) </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Температура на самозапалување">Температура на<br />самозапалување</a></div> </td> <td>480 °C (896 °F; 753 K) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Граници на запалливост">Граници на запалливост</a> </td> <td>1,1–7,1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гранична допуштена концентрација (страницата не постои)">Гранична допуштена концентрација</a> (TLV)</div> </td> <td>50 mL/m<sup>3</sup>, 190 mg/m<sup>3</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background-color:#eaeaea;"><b>Смртоносна доза</b> или концентрација: </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f1f1f1;"> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">LC<sub>50</sub> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BC%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Смртоносна доза (страницата не постои)">средна концентрација</a>)</div> </td> <td>>26700 ppm (стаорец, 1 <a href="/wiki/Hour" class="mw-redirect" title="Hour">h</a>)<br />400 ppm (глушец, 24 h)<sup id="cite_ref-IDLH_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IDLH-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f1f1f1;"> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">LC<sub>Lo</sub> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BC%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Смртоносна доза (страницата не постои)">најниска објавена</a>)</div> </td> <td>55,000 ppm (зајак, 40 min)<sup id="cite_ref-IDLH_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IDLH-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background-color:#eaeaea;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Institute_for_Occupational_Safety_and_Health" class="extiw" title="en:National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health"><b>NIOSH</b></a> (здравствени граници во САД): </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f1f1f1;"> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">PEL (дозволива)</div> </td> <td>TWA 200 ppm C 300 ppm 500 ppm (10-минутен максимален врв)<sup id="cite_ref-PGCH_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGCH-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f1f1f1;"> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">REL (препорачана)</div> </td> <td>TWA 100 ppm (375 mg/m<sup>3</sup>) ST 150 ppm (560 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-PGCH_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGCH-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f1f1f1;"> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">IDLH (непосредна опасност)</div> </td> <td>500 ppm<sup id="cite_ref-PGCH_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGCH-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Безбедносен лист (страницата не постои)">Безбедносен лист</a> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/t3913.htm">SIRI.org</a> </td></tr> <tr id="cite_ref-12" class="cite-bracket"> <th colspan="2" style="background:#f8eaba; text-align:center;">Дополнителни податоци </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #f8eaba; text-align: center"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/21px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/28px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><span style="display:none">Ок</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Chemicals/Chembox_validation" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validation">(што е ова?)</a>  <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&diff=cur&oldid=415867864578">(провери)</a></span><br />Освен ако не е поинаку укажано, податоците се однесуваат на материјалите во нивната <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B1%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Стандардна состојба">стандардна состојба (25 °C, 100 kPa)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #f8eaba; text-align: center"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Chemical_infobox#References" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:Chemical infobox">Наводи</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Толуен</b> (исто така познат како <b>толуол</b>) е супституиран <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Ароматични јаглеводороди">ароматичен јаглеводород</a>. Тоа е безбојна течност нерастворлива во вода со мирис поврзан со разредувачите на бои.Тоа е моно-супституиран дериват на <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Бензен">бензен</a>, кој се состои од метил група (CH<sub>3</sub>) поврзана со фенилна група. Како такво, неговото систематско име според <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%93%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%98%D1%83%D0%B7_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Меѓународен сојуз за чиста и применета хемија">МСЧПХ</a> е <b>метилбензен</b>. Толуенот претежно се користи како индустриска суровина и како растворувач. </p><p>Како растворувач во некои видови разредувачи на боја, трајни маркери, контактен цемент и одредени видови лепила, толуенот понекогаш се користи како рекреативен инхалатор<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> и има потенцијал да предизвика сериозна невролошка штета.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Историја"><span id=".D0.98.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.98.D0.B0"></span>Историја</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Уреди го одделот „Историја“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=1" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Историја"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Соединението за прв пат беше изолирано во 1837 година преку дестилација на борово масло од Пјер Џозеф Пелетие и Филип Нериус Валтер, кој го нарече <i>rétinnaphte (ретинафте)</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Во 1841 година, Анри Етјен Сент-Клер Девил изолирал јаглеводород од балзам од Толу (ароматичен екстракт од тропското колумбиско дрво <i>Myroxylon balsamum</i>), кој Девил го препознал како сличен на Волтеровата <i>rétinnaphte</i> и на бензенот; оттука тој го нарече новиот јаглеводород <i>benzoène (бензоен)</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Во 1843 година, Јонс Јакоб Берзелиус го препорачал името <i>toluin (толуин)</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Во 1850 година, францускиот хемичар Огист Каурс од дестилат од дрво изолирал јаглеводород кој го препознал како сличен на <i>benzoène</i> на Девил и кој Каурс го нарекол <i>toluène (толуен)</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Хемиски_својства"><span id=".D0.A5.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B8_.D1.81.D0.B2.D0.BE.D1.98.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.B0"></span>Хемиски својства</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Уреди го одделот „Хемиски својства“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=2" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Хемиски својства"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Растојанието помеѓу атомите на јаглеродот во прстенот на толуен е 0,1399 nm. Врската C-CH<sub>3</sub> е подолга на 0,1524 nm, додека просечната должина на врската C-H е 0,111 nm.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Толуенот реагира како нормален ароматичен јаглеводород при <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Електрофилна ароматична супституција (страницата не постои)">електрофилна ароматична супституција</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Бидејќи метил групата има поголеми својства за ослободување електрони (позитивен индуктивен ефект) од атом на водород во иста положба, толуенот е пореактивен од бензенот кон електрофилите. Се подложува на сулфонирање за да се добие р-толуенсулфонска киселина и хлорирање со Cl<sub>2</sub> во присуство на FeCl<sub>3</sub> или бромирање со Br<sub>2</sub> и FeBr<sub>3</sub> за да се добијат орто и пара изомери на хлоротолуен или бромотолуен. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Toluol_(elektrophile_Substitution_HNO3).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Toluol_%28elektrophile_Substitution_HNO3%29.png/287px-Toluol_%28elektrophile_Substitution_HNO3%29.png" decoding="async" width="287" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Toluol_%28elektrophile_Substitution_HNO3%29.png/431px-Toluol_%28elektrophile_Substitution_HNO3%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Toluol_%28elektrophile_Substitution_HNO3%29.png/574px-Toluol_%28elektrophile_Substitution_HNO3%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2004" data-file-height="773" /></a><figcaption>Сулфонирање на толуен</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Toluene_Catalytic_Halogenation_Reactions_V.1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Toluene_Catalytic_Halogenation_Reactions_V.1.png/367px-Toluene_Catalytic_Halogenation_Reactions_V.1.png" decoding="async" width="367" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Toluene_Catalytic_Halogenation_Reactions_V.1.png/551px-Toluene_Catalytic_Halogenation_Reactions_V.1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Toluene_Catalytic_Halogenation_Reactions_V.1.png/734px-Toluene_Catalytic_Halogenation_Reactions_V.1.png 2x" data-file-width="2912" data-file-height="472" /></a><figcaption>Бромирање на толуен</figcaption></figure> <p>Поважно, метил страничниот ланец во толуенот е подложен на оксидација. Толуенот реагира со <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Калиум перманганат">калиум перманганат</a> за да се добие <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Бензоева киселина">бензоева киселин</a>а, а со <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хромил хлорид (страницата не постои)">хромил хлорид</a> за да се добие <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Бензалдехид">бензалдехид</a> (Етард реакција). </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:%C3%89tard_Reaction_V.1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/%C3%89tard_Reaction_V.1.svg/280px-%C3%89tard_Reaction_V.1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/%C3%89tard_Reaction_V.1.svg/420px-%C3%89tard_Reaction_V.1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/%C3%89tard_Reaction_V.1.svg/560px-%C3%89tard_Reaction_V.1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="214" /></a><figcaption>Оксидација на толуен со хромил хлорид</figcaption></figure> <p>C-H врските на метил групата во толуен се бензилни, што значи дека се послаби од C-H врските кај поедноставните алкани. Одразувајќи ја оваа слабост, метил групата во толуен се подложува на халогенињаре во услови на слободни радикали. На пример, кога се загрева со N-бромосуцинимид (NBS) во присуство на AIBN, толуенот се претвора во <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бензил бромид (страницата не постои)">бензил бромид</a>. Истата конверзија може да се изврши со елементарен бром во присуство на УВ светлина или дури и сончева светлина. </p><p>Толуенот, исто така, може да биде бромиран со негово третирање со HBr и H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> во присуство на светлина.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>CH<sub>3</sub> + Br<sub>2</sub> → C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>Br + HBr</dd> <dd>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>Br + Br<sub>2</sub> → C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>CHBr<sub>2</sub> + HBr</dd></dl> <p>Метил групата во толуен се подложува на депротонирање само со многу силни бази; неговата pKa се проценува на приближно 41.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Целосна хидрогенизација на толуен дава метилциклохексан. Реакцијата бара висок притисок на <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Водород">водород</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Катализатор">катализатор</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Мешливост"><span id=".D0.9C.D0.B5.D1.88.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.B2.D0.BE.D1.81.D1.82"></span>Мешливост</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Уреди го одделот „Мешливост“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=3" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Мешливост"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Толуенот се меша (растворлив во сите пропорции) со <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Етанол">етанол</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Бензен">бензен</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Диетил етер">диетил етер</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ацетон">ацетон</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC" title="Хлороформ">хлороформ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Оцетна киселина">глацијална оцетна киселина</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Јаглерод дисулфид">јаглерод дисулфид</a>, но не се меша со <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Вода">вода</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Производство"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.B4.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.BE"></span>Производство</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Уреди го одделот „Производство“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=4" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Производство"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Толуенот природно се појавува на ниски нивоа во суровата нафта и е нуспроизвод во производството на бензин од каталитички реформатор или етиленски крекер. Тоа е исто така нуспроизвод од производството на кокс од јаглен. Конечното раздвојување и прочистување се врши со кој било од процесите на дестилација или екстракција со растворувач што се користат за ароматиката на BTX (<a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Бензен">бензен</a>, толуен и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ксилен (страницата не постои)">ксиленски изомери</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Други_подготвителни_правци"><span id=".D0.94.D1.80.D1.83.D0.B3.D0.B8_.D0.BF.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B3.D0.BE.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B2.D1.86.D0.B8"></span>Други подготвителни правци</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Уреди го одделот „Други подготвителни правци“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=5" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Други подготвителни правци"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Толуенот може да се подготви со различни методи. На пример, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Бензен">бензенот</a> реагира со <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Метанол">метанол</a> во присуство на цврста киселина и дава толуен:<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {C6H6 + CH3OH ->[t^o]C6H5CH3 + H2O}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>CH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>OH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"> <mover> <mo>→</mo> <mpadded width="+0.611em" lspace="0.278em" voffset=".15em"> <msup> <mi>t</mi> <mi>o</mi> </msup> </mpadded> </mover> </mrow> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>5</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>CH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {C6H6 + CH3OH ->[t^o]C6H5CH3 + H2O}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b6cd1c2e0452714547fc7f9b995f21c2ab391336" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; margin-top: -0.433ex; width:37.867ex; height:4.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {C6H6 + CH3OH ->[t^o]C6H5CH3 + H2O}}}"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Употреба"><span id=".D0.A3.D0.BF.D0.BE.D1.82.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B1.D0.B0"></span>Употреба</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Уреди го одделот „Употреба“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=6" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Употреба"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Прекурсор_на_бензен_и_ксилен"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BA.D1.83.D1.80.D1.81.D0.BE.D1.80_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.B1.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B7.D0.B5.D0.BD_.D0.B8_.D0.BA.D1.81.D0.B8.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BD"></span>Прекурсор на бензен и ксилен</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Уреди го одделот „Прекурсор на бензен и ксилен“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=7" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Прекурсор на бензен и ксилен"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Толуенот главно се користи како прекурсор на бензенот преку хидродеалкилација: </p> <dl><dd>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>CH<sub>3</sub> + H<sub>2</sub> → C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub> + CH<sub>4</sub></dd></dl> <p>Втората рангирана употреба вклучува нејзина диспропорција со мешавина од бензен и ксилен.<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Нитрирање"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B8.D1.82.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.9A.D0.B5"></span>Нитрирање</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Уреди го одделот „Нитрирање“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=8" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Нитрирање"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Нитирањето на толуен дава моно-, ди- и тринитротолуен, од кои сите се широко користени. Динитротолуенот е прекурсор на толуен диизоцијанат, кој се користи во производството на полиуретанска пена. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Тринитротолуен">Тринитротолуенот</a> е експлозивот кој обично скратено се пишува TNT. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Toluene_3nitricacid.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Toluene_3nitricacid.PNG/383px-Toluene_3nitricacid.PNG" decoding="async" width="383" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Toluene_3nitricacid.PNG/575px-Toluene_3nitricacid.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Toluene_3nitricacid.PNG/766px-Toluene_3nitricacid.PNG 2x" data-file-width="767" data-file-height="277" /></a><figcaption>Синтеза на 2,4,6-тринитротолуен</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Оксидација"><span id=".D0.9E.D0.BA.D1.81.D0.B8.D0.B4.D0.B0.D1.86.D0.B8.D1.98.D0.B0"></span>Оксидација</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Уреди го одделот „Оксидација“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=9" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Оксидација"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Бензоевата киселина и бензалдехидот се произведуваат комерцијално со делумна оксидација на толуен со кислород. Типични катализатори вклучуваат кобалт или манган нафтанати.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Benzoic_acid-chemical-synthesis-1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="toluene oxidation" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Benzoic_acid-chemical-synthesis-1.svg/225px-Benzoic_acid-chemical-synthesis-1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="225" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Benzoic_acid-chemical-synthesis-1.svg/338px-Benzoic_acid-chemical-synthesis-1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Benzoic_acid-chemical-synthesis-1.svg/450px-Benzoic_acid-chemical-synthesis-1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="88" /></a><figcaption>Оксидација на толен до бензоева киселина</figcaption></figure></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Растворувач"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.BE.D1.80.D1.83.D0.B2.D0.B0.D1.87"></span>Растворувач</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Уреди го одделот „Растворувач“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=10" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Растворувач"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Толуенот е вообичаен растворувач, на пр. за бои, разредувачи на бои, силиконски заптивки,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> многу хемиски реактанти, гума, мастило за печатење, лепила (лепила), лакови, кожари за кожа и средства за дезинфекција.<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Гориво"><span id=".D0.93.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.B2.D0.BE"></span>Гориво</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Уреди го одделот „Гориво“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=11" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Гориво"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Толуенот може да се користи како засилувач на октанскиот број во бензинските горива за мотори со внатрешно согорување, како и за млазното гориво. Толуенот со 86 % по волумен ги хранеше сите турбо мотори во <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0_1" title="Формула 1">Формула 1</a> во текот на 1980-тите, првпат пионер од тимот на Хонда. Останатите 14 % беа „полнител“ на n-хептан, за да се намали бројот на октани за да се исполнат ограничувањата за гориво во Формула 1. Толуенот на 100 % може да се користи како гориво и за двотактни и за четиритактни мотори; сепак, поради густината на горивото и други фактори, горивото не испарува лесно освен ако претходно не се загрее на 70 °C (158 °F). Хонда го реши овој проблем во нивните Формула 1 болиди со насочување на линиите за гориво преку разменувач на топлина, црпејќи енергија од водата во системот за ладење за да го загрее горивото.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Во Австралија во 2003 година, беше откриено дека толуенот бил незаконски комбиниран со бензин во места за гориво за продажба како стандардно гориво за возила. Толуенот нема акциза за гориво, додека другите горива се оданочуваат со повеќе од 40 %, обезбедувајќи поголема профитна маржа за добавувачите на гориво. Степенот на замена на толуен не е одреден.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Други_употреби"><span id=".D0.94.D1.80.D1.83.D0.B3.D0.B8_.D1.83.D0.BF.D0.BE.D1.82.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B1.D0.B8"></span>Други употреби</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Уреди го одделот „Други употреби“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=12" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Други употреби"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Во лабораторија, толуенот се користи како растворувач за јаглеродни наноматеријали, вклучувајќи наноцевки и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фулерен (страницата не постои)">фулерени</a>, а може да се користи и како индикатор за фулерен. Бојата на толуенскиот раствор на C<sub>60</sub> е светло виолетова. Толуенот се користи како цемент за фини полистиренски комплети (со растворање и потоа фузија на површини) бидејќи може многу прецизно да се нанесе со четка и не содржи ниту еден дел од лепилото. Толуенот може да се користи за пукање на црвените крвни зрнца со цел да се извлече хемоглобин во биохемиските експерименти. Толуенот, исто така, се користел како течност за ладење поради неговите добри способности за пренос на топлина во натриумовите ладни стапици што се користат во јамките на системот на <a href="/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Јадрен реактор">нуклеарниот реактор</a>. Толуенот се користел и во процесот на отстранување на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Кокаин">кокаинот</a> од листовите на кока во производството на сирупот <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0-%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Кока-Кола">Кока-Кола</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Токсикологија_и_метаболизам"><span id=".D0.A2.D0.BE.D0.BA.D1.81.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B3.D0.B8.D1.98.D0.B0_.D0.B8_.D0.BC.D0.B5.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B0.D0.BC"></span>Токсикологија и метаболизам</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Уреди го одделот „Токсикологија и метаболизам“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=13" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Токсикологија и метаболизам"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4650192">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Главна статија: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Toluene_(toxicology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toluene (toxicology) (страницата не постои)">Toluene (toxicology)</a></div> <p>Еколошките и токсиколошките ефекти на толуенот се опширно проучувани.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Вдишување на толуен во ниски до умерени нивоа може да предизвика замор, збунетост, слабост, дејства од типот на пијанство, губење на меморијата, гадење, губење на апетит, губење на слухот,<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> и губење на видот во боја.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Некои од овие симптоми обично исчезнуваат кога ќе се прекине изложувањето. Вдишување на високи нивоа на толуен за кратко време може да предизвика зашеметеност, гадење или поспаност, несвестица, па дури и смрт.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Сепак, толуенот е многу помалку токсичен од бензенот и како последица на тоа, во голема мера го заменил како ароматичен растворувач во хемиската подготовка. Американската агенција за заштита на животната средина (ЕПА) наведува дека канцерогениот потенцијал на толуенот не може да се процени поради недоволни информации.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Во 2013 година, светската продажба на толуен изнесуваше околу 24,5 милијарди американски долари.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Слично на многу други растворувачи како што се 1,1,1-трихлороетан и некои алкилбензени, се покажа дека толуенот делува како некомпетитивен антагонист на NMDA рецепторот и позитивен алостеричен модулатор за ГАБА<sub>А</sub> рецептор.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid19151967_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid19151967-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Дополнително, се покажа дека толуенот покажува ефекти слични на антидепресивите кај глодарите во тестот за принудно пливање (FST) и тестот за суспензија на опашката (TST),<sup id="cite_ref-pmid19151967_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid19151967-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> најверојатно поради неговите NMDA антагонистички својства. </p><p>Толуенот понекогаш се користи како рекреативен инхалатор („шмркање на лепак“), најверојатно поради неговите еуфорични и разединувачки ефекти.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid19151967_46-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid19151967-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Толуенот ги инхибира возбудливите јонски канали како што се NMDA рецепторот, никотинскиот ацетилхолин рецептор и серотонин 5-HT<sub>3</sub> рецепторот. Исто така, ја потенцира функцијата на инхибиторните јонски канали, како што се ГАБА<sub>А</sub> и глицинските рецептори. Покрај тоа, толуенот ги нарушува напонските калциумови канали и јонските канали затворени со ATP.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Рекреативна_употреба"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B5.D0.BA.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.B2.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.83.D0.BF.D0.BE.D1.82.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B1.D0.B0"></span>Рекреативна употреба</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Уреди го одделот „Рекреативна употреба“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=14" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Рекреативна употреба"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Толуенот се користи како интоксикативен инхалатор на начин ненаменет од производителите. Луѓето вдишуваат производи што содржат толуен (на пример, разредувач за боја, контактен цемент, лепило за модели итн.) поради неговото опојно дејство. Поседувањето и употребата на толуен и производи што го содржат се регулирани во многу јурисдикции, поради наводната причина за спречување на малолетниците да ги добијат овие производи за рекреативни цели на дрога. Од 2007 година, 24 американски држави имаа закони со кои се казнува употребата, поседувањето со намера за употреба и/или дистрибуцијата на такви инхаланти.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Во 2005 година, <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Европска Унија">Европската унија</a> ја забрани општата продажба на производи што се состојат од повеќе од 0,5% толуен.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Биоремедијација"><span id=".D0.91.D0.B8.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B8.D1.98.D0.B0.D1.86.D0.B8.D1.98.D0.B0"></span>Биоремедијација</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Уреди го одделот „Биоремедијација“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=15" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Биоремедијација"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Неколку видови габи, вклучувајќи ги <i>Cladofialophora</i>, <i>Exophiala</i>, <i>Leptodontidium</i> (<i>syn.</i> <i>Leptodontium</i>), <i>Pseudeurotium zonatum</i> и <i>Cladosporium sphaerospermum</i> и одредени видови бактерии можат да го разградат толуенот користејќи го како извор на јаглерод и енергија.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Наводи"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B0.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B8"></span>Наводи</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Уреди го одделот „Наводи“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=16" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Наводи"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-iupac2013-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-iupac2013_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book)</i>. Cambridge: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Society_of_Chemistry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal Society of Chemistry (страницата не постои)">The Royal Society of Chemistry</a>. 2014. стр. 139. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1039%2F9781849733069-00130">10.1039/9781849733069-00130</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80/978-0-85404-182-4" title="Специјална:ПечатенИзвор/978-0-85404-182-4"><bdi>978-0-85404-182-4</bdi></a>. <q>Toluene and xylene are preferred IUPAC names, but are not freely substitutable; toluene is substitutable under certain conditions, but only for general nomenclature (see P-15.1.8 for a general substitution rules for retained names).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nomenclature+of+Organic+Chemistry+%3A+IUPAC+Recommendations+and+Preferred+Names+2013+%28Blue+Book%29&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=139&rft.pub=The+Royal+Society+of+Chemistry&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1039%2F9781849733069-00130&rft.isbn=978-0-85404-182-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5289462">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:var(--color-subtle,#54595d)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-h1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-h1_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-h1_2-1">2,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-h1_2-2">2,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Haynes">Haynes</a>, p. 3,514</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GESTIS-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-GESTIS_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gestis.dguv.de/data?name=010070&lang=en">Запис </a> во Базата на супстанции GESTIS на Институтот за безбедност и здравје при работа </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PGCH-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-PGCH_4-0">4,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-PGCH_4-1">4,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-PGCH_4-2">4,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-PGCH_4-3">4,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-PGCH_4-4">4,4</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0619.html">„Џебен водич за опасните хемиски материи #0619“</a>. Национален институт за безбедност и здравје при работа (NIOSH).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%8F%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD+%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87+%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5+%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8+%230619&rft.pub=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82+%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82+%D0%B8+%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0+%28NIOSH%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fniosh%2Fnpg%2Fnpgd0619.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#808080ff;">(англиски)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Haynes">Haynes</a>, p. 5,164</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Haynes, p. 5,176</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Haynes">Haynes</a>, p. 3,579</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Haynes">Haynes</a>, p. 6,258</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Haynes">Haynes</a>, p. 6,246</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Haynes">Haynes</a>, p. 9,66</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IDLH-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-IDLH_11-0">11,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-IDLH_11-1">11,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/108883.html">„Toluene“</a>. <i>Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_for_Occupational_Safety_and_Health&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (страницата не постои)">National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health</a> (NIOSH).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Immediately+Dangerous+to+Life+and+Health&rft.atitle=Toluene&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fniosh%2Fidlh%2F108883.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newenv.com/resources/nfpa_chemicals">„NFPA Chemicals“</a>. New Environment, Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211114020414/https://www.newenv.com/resources/nfpa_chemicals">Архивирано</a> од изворникот 2021-11-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Посетено на <span class="nowrap">2015-03-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NFPA+Chemicals&rft.pub=New+Environment%2C+Inc.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newenv.com%2Fresources%2Fnfpa_chemicals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMcKeown2015" class="citation web">McKeown NJ (Feb 1, 2015). Tarabar A (уред.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/818939-overview">„Toluene Toxicity, Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology“</a>. WebMD Health Professional Network. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160309085115/http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/818939-overview">Архивирано</a> од изворникот March 9, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Посетено на <span class="nowrap">March 22,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Toluene+Toxicity%2C+Background%2C+Pathophysiology%2C+Epidemiology&rft.pub=WebMD+Health+Professional+Network&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.aulast=McKeown&rft.aufirst=NJ&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Femedicine.medscape.com%2Farticle%2F818939-overview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFStreicherGabowMossKono1981" class="citation journal">Streicher HZ, Gabow PA, Moss AH, Kono D, Kaehny WD (June 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_annals-of-internal-medicine_1981-06_94_6/page/758">„Syndromes of toluene sniffing in adults“</a>. <i>Annals of Internal Medicine</i>. <b>94</b> (6): 758–62. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7326%2F0003-4819-94-6-758">10.7326/0003-4819-94-6-758</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7235417">7235417</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Internal+Medicine&rft.atitle=Syndromes+of+toluene+sniffing+in+adults&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=758-62&rft.date=1981-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7326%2F0003-4819-94-6-758&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F7235417&rft.aulast=Streicher&rft.aufirst=HZ&rft.au=Gabow%2C+PA&rft.au=Moss%2C+AH&rft.au=Kono%2C+D&rft.au=Kaehny%2C+WD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_annals-of-internal-medicine_1981-06_94_6%2Fpage%2F758&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDevathasanLowTeohWan1984" class="citation journal">Devathasan G, Low D, Teoh PC, Wan SH, Wong PK (February 1984). „Complications of chronic glue (toluene) abuse in adolescents“. <i>Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine</i>. <b>14</b> (1): 39–43. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1445-5994.1984.tb03583.x">10.1111/j.1445-5994.1984.tb03583.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6087782">6087782</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+and+New+Zealand+Journal+of+Medicine&rft.atitle=Complications+of+chronic+glue+%28toluene%29+abuse+in+adolescents&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=39-43&rft.date=1984-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1445-5994.1984.tb03583.x&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F6087782&rft.aulast=Devathasan&rft.aufirst=G&rft.au=Low%2C+D&rft.au=Teoh%2C+PC&rft.au=Wan%2C+SH&rft.au=Wong%2C+PK&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pelletier PJ and Walter FN (1837) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k29634/f902.image.langEN">"Examen des produits provenant du traitement de la résine dans la fabrication du gaz pour l'éclairage"</a> <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161021035401/http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k29634/f902.image.langEN">Архивирано</a> на 21 октомври 2016 г.</small> (Examination of products arising from the treatment of resin during the production of illuminating gas), <i>Comptes rendus</i>, <b>4</b> : 898–899.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pelletier PJ and Walter FN (1838) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=iau.31858046218297;view=1up;seq=273">"Examen des produits provenant du traitement de la résine dans la fabrication du gaz pour l'éclairage,"</a> <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220913125711/https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/imgsrv/html?id=iau.31858046218297;seq=273">Архивирано</a> на 13 септември 2022 г.</small> <i>Annales de Chimie et de Physique</i>, 2nd series, <b>67</b> : 269–303. Toluene is named on pp. 278–279: <i>"Nous désignerons la substance qui nous occupe par le nom de </i>rétinnaphte<i>, qui rappelle son origine et ses propriétés physiques (ρητίνη-νάφτα)."</i> (We will designate the substance that occupies us by the name of <i>rétinnaphte</i>, which recalls its origin and its physical properties (ρητίνη-νάφτα [resin-naphtha]).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Deville, H. (1841) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k29723/f478.image.langEN">"Recherches sur les résines. Étude du baume de Tolu"</a> <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161021035427/http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k29723/f478.image.langEN">Архивирано</a> на 21 октомври 2016 г.</small> (Investigations of resins. Study of Tolu balsam), <i>Comptes rendus</i>, <b>13</b> : 476–478.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Deville, H. (1841) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hx3dxg;view=1up;seq=157">"Recherches chimiques sur les résines; Premier mémoire"</a> <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210502063334/https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hx3dxg;view=1up;seq=157">Архивирано</a> на 2 мај 2021 г.</small> (Chemical investigations of resins; first memoir), <i>Annales de Chimie et de Physique</i>, 3rd series, <b>3</b> : 151–195. Deville names toluene on p. 170: <i>"J'ai adopté, pour le corps qui m'occupe dans ce moment, le nom de </i>benzoène<i>, qui rappelle, dans les baumes dont il provient, ce caractère presque générique qui est de contenir de l'acide benzoïque."</i> (I've adopted, for this substance that occupies me at the moment, the name <i>benzoène</i>, which recalls, in the balsams from which it comes, that character which is contained in benzoic acid.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWisniak2004" class="citation journal">Wisniak J (2004). „Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville: A physician turned metallurgist“. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Journal_of_Materials_Engineering_and_Performance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance (страницата не постои)">Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance</a></i>. <b>13</b> (2): 117–118. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004JMEP...13..117W">2004JMEP...13..117W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1361%2F10599490418271">10.1361/10599490418271</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:95058552">95058552</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Materials+Engineering+and+Performance&rft.atitle=Henri+%C3%89tienne+Sainte-Claire+Deville%3A+A+physician+turned+metallurgist&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=117-118&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A95058552&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1361%2F10599490418271&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2004JMEP...13..117W&rft.aulast=Wisniak&rft.aufirst=J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Berzelius, Jacob (1843) <i>Jahres Berichte</i>, <b>22</b> : <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433109960207;view=1up;seq=372">353–354.</a> <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220913125714/https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/imgsrv/html?id=nyp.33433109960207;seq=372">Архивирано</a> на 13 септември 2022 г.</small>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCahours1850" class="citation journal">Cahours A (1850). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k2987x/f319.image.langEN">„Recherches sur les huiles légères obtenues dans la distillation du bois“</a> [Investigations of light oils obtained by the distillation of wood]. <i>Comptes Rendus</i> (француски). <b>30</b>: 319–323 (320). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160301003417/http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k2987x/f319.image.langEN">Архивирано</a> од изворникот 2016-03-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Посетено на <span class="nowrap">2015-08-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comptes+Rendus&rft.atitle=Recherches+sur+les+huiles+l%C3%A9g%C3%A8res+obtenues+dans+la+distillation+du+bois&rft.volume=30&rft.pages=319-323+%28320%29&rft.date=1850&rft.aulast=Cahours&rft.aufirst=A&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbpt6k2987x%2Ff319.image.langEN&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWisniak2013" class="citation journal">Wisniak J (October 2013). „Auguste André Thomas Cahours“. <i>Educación Química</i>. <b>24</b> (4): 451–460. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Слободен пристап"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0187-893X%2813%2972500-X">10.1016/S0187-893X(13)72500-X</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Educaci%C3%B3n+Qu%C3%ADmica&rft.atitle=Auguste+Andr%C3%A9+Thomas+Cahours&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=451-460&rft.date=2013-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0187-893X%2813%2972500-X&rft.aulast=Wisniak&rft.aufirst=J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Haynes, p. 9.53</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFVogelFurnissHannafordTatchell1989" class="citation book">Vogel AS, Furniss BS, Hannaford AJ, Tatchell AR, Smith PW (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/vogel_-_practical_organic_chemistry_5th_edition.pdf"><i>Vogel's Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (5. изд.). New York: Longman/Wiley. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80/0582462363" title="Специјална:ПечатенИзвор/0582462363"><bdi>0582462363</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vogel%27s+Textbook+of+Practical+Organic+Chemistry&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=5&rft.pub=Longman%2FWiley&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0582462363&rft.aulast=Vogel&rft.aufirst=AS&rft.au=Furniss%2C+BS&rft.au=Hannaford%2C+AJ&rft.au=Tatchell%2C+AR&rft.au=Smith%2C+PW&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffaculty.ksu.edu.sa%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fvogel_-_practical_organic_chemistry_5th_edition.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWade2003" class="citation book">Wade LG (2003). <i>Organic Chemistry</i> (5. изд.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. стр. 871. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80/013033832X" title="Специјална:ПечатенИзвор/013033832X"><bdi>013033832X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Organic+Chemistry&rft.place=Upper+Saddle+River%2C+New+Jersey&rft.pages=871&rft.edition=5&rft.pub=Prentice+Hall&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=013033832X&rft.aulast=Wade&rft.aufirst=LG&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMarch1992" class="citation book">March J (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/advancedorganicc04edmarc"><i>Advanced Organic Chemistry</i></a> (4. изд.). New York: Wiley. стр. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/advancedorganicc04edmarc/page/723">723</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80/0471581488" title="Специјална:ПечатенИзвор/0471581488"><bdi>0471581488</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Advanced+Organic+Chemistry&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=723&rft.edition=4&rft.pub=Wiley&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0471581488&rft.aulast=March&rft.aufirst=J&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fadvancedorganicc04edmarc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPodgoršekStavberZupanIskra2006" class="citation journal">Podgoršek A, Stavber S, Zupan M, Iskra J (2006). „Free Radical Bromination by the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>–HBr System on water“. <i>Tetrahedron Letters</i>. <b>47</b> (40): 7245–7247. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.tetlet.2006.07.109">10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.07.109</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tetrahedron+Letters&rft.atitle=Free+Radical+Bromination+by+the+H%3Csub%3E2%3C%2Fsub%3EO%3Csub%3E2%3C%2Fsub%3E%E2%80%93HBr+System+on+water&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=40&rft.pages=7245-7247&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.tetlet.2006.07.109&rft.aulast=Podgor%C5%A1ek&rft.aufirst=A&rft.au=Stavber%2C+S&rft.au=Zupan%2C+M&rft.au=Iskra%2C+J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHenry_Hsieh,_Roderic_P._Quirk" class="citation book">Henry Hsieh, Roderic P. Quirk. <i>Anionic Polymerization: Principles and Practical Applications</i>. стр. 41.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anionic+Polymerization%3A+Principles+and+Practical+Applications&rft.pages=41&rft.au=Henry+Hsieh%2C+Roderic+P.+Quirk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:0_30-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fishersci.com/shop/products/toluene-semiconductor-grade-99-min-thermo-scientific/AA19399AP">„Toluene, Semiconductor Grade, 99% min, Thermo Scientific | Fisher Scientific“</a>. <i>www.fishersci.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Посетено на <span class="nowrap">2022-04-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fishersci.com&rft.atitle=Toluene%2C+Semiconductor+Grade%2C+99%25+min%2C+Thermo+Scientific+%7C+Fisher+Scientific&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fishersci.com%2Fshop%2Fproducts%2Ftoluene-semiconductor-grade-99-min-thermo-scientific%2FAA19399AP&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ullmann-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ullmann_31-0">31,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ullmann_31-1">31,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ullmann_31-2">31,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ullmann_31-3">31,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation">„Toluene“, <i>Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry</i>, Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2005, <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F14356007.a27_147.pub2">10.1002/14356007.a27_147.pub2</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Toluene&rft.btitle=Ullmann%27s+Encyclopedia+of+Industrial+Chemistry&rft.place=Weinheim&rft.pub=Wiley-VCH&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F14356007.a27_147.pub2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="OrgChem" class="citation book">Wade LG (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/organicchemistry0000wade_s6l5"><i>Organic Chemistry</i></a> (Pearson new international. изд.). Harlow: Pearson Education Limited. стр. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/organicchemistry0000wade_s6l5/page/985">985</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80/978-1-292-02165-2" title="Специјална:ПечатенИзвор/978-1-292-02165-2"><bdi>978-1-292-02165-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Organic+Chemistry&rft.place=Harlow&rft.pages=985&rft.edition=Pearson+new+international&rft.pub=Pearson+Education+Limited&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-292-02165-2&rft.aulast=Wade&rft.aufirst=LG&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Forganicchemistry0000wade_s6l5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freepatentsonline.com/6387487.html">„Dual cure, low-solvent silicone pressure sensitive adhesives – General Electric Company“</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121004053140/http://www.freepatentsonline.com/6387487.html">Архивирано</a> од изворникот 2012-10-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Посетено на <span class="nowrap">2008-02-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dual+cure%2C+low-solvent+silicone+pressure+sensitive+adhesives+%E2%80%93+General+Electric+Company&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.freepatentsonline.com%2F6387487.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation conference"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.k20a.org/upload/HondaRA168EEngine.pdf"><i>Honda Formula One Turbo-charged V-6 1.5L Engine</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. SAE International Congress and Exposition. February 27 – March 3, 1989. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170911205138/http://www.k20a.org/upload/HondaRA168EEngine.pdf">Архивирано</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> од изворникот September 11, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Посетено на <span class="nowrap">September 11,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.btitle=Honda+Formula+One+Turbo-charged+V-6+1.5L+Engine&rft.date=1989-02-27%2F1989-03-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.k20a.org%2Fupload%2FHondaRA168EEngine.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303213422/http://www.libertyoil.com.au/www/230/1001164/displayarticle/1001248.html">„Scam on petrol sparks spot tests“</a>. <i>Liberty Oil</i>. Архивирано од <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.libertyoil.com.au/www/230/1001164/displayarticle/1001248.html">изворникот</a> на 3 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Liberty+Oil&rft.atitle=Scam+on+petrol+sparks+spot+tests&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.libertyoil.com.au%2Fwww%2F230%2F1001164%2Fdisplayarticle%2F1001248.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/worldtoday/stories/s106466.htm">„The World Today Archive – Authorities yet to acknowledge petrol scam problem“</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Australian Broadcasting Corporation (страницата не постои)">Australian Broadcasting Corporation</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121110070444/http://www.abc.net.au/worldtoday/stories/s106466.htm">Архивирано</a> од изворникот 2012-11-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Посетено на <span class="nowrap">2009-09-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Australian+Broadcasting+Corporation&rft.atitle=The+World+Today+Archive+%E2%80%93+Authorities+yet+to+acknowledge+petrol+scam+problem&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fworldtoday%2Fstories%2Fs106466.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMerory1968" class="citation book">Merory J (1968). <i>Food Flavorings: Composition, Manufacture and Use</i> (2. изд.). Westport, CT: AVI Publishing Company, Inc..</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Food+Flavorings%3A+Composition%2C+Manufacture+and+Use&rft.place=Westport%2C+CT&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=AVI+Publishing+Company%2C+Inc..&rft.date=1968&rft.aulast=Merory&rft.aufirst=J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHogan2011" class="citation">Hogan CM (2011), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eoearth.org/article/Sulfur?topic=49557">„Sulfur“</a>, Во Jorgensen A, Cleveland CJ (уред.), <i>Encyclopedia of Earth</i>, Washington DC: National Council for Science and the Environment, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121028080550/http://www.eoearth.org/article/Sulfur?topic=49557">Архивирано</a> од изворникот 28 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">, Посетено на <span class="nowrap">26 October</span> 2012</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sulfur&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Earth&rft.place=Washington+DC&rft.pub=National+Council+for+Science+and+the+Environment&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Hogan&rft.aufirst=CM&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eoearth.org%2Farticle%2FSulfur%3Ftopic%3D49557&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFChangChenLienSung2006" class="citation journal">Chang SJ, Chen CJ, Lien CH, Sung FC (August 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_environmental-health-perspectives_2006-08_114_8/page/1283">„Hearing loss in workers exposed to toluene and noise“</a>. <i>Environmental Health Perspectives</i>. <b>114</b> (8): 1283–6. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1289%2Fehp.8959">10.1289/ehp.8959</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC">PMC</a> <span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Слободен пристап"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1552019">1552019</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16882540">16882540</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Hearing+loss+in+workers+exposed+to+toluene+and+noise&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=1283-6&rft.date=2006-08&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1552019&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16882540&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1289%2Fehp.8959&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=SJ&rft.au=Chen%2C+CJ&rft.au=Lien%2C+CH&rft.au=Sung%2C+FC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_environmental-health-perspectives_2006-08_114_8%2Fpage%2F1283&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMorataNylénJohnsonDunn1995" class="citation journal">Morata TC, Nylén P, Johnson AC, Dunn DE (1995). „Auditory and vestibular functions after single or combined exposure to toluene: a review“. <i>Archives of Toxicology</i>. <b>69</b> (7): 431–43. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs002040050196">10.1007/s002040050196</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8526738">8526738</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:22919141">22919141</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Auditory+and+vestibular+functions+after+single+or+combined+exposure+to+toluene%3A+a+review&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=431-43&rft.date=1995&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A22919141&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F8526738&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs002040050196&rft.aulast=Morata&rft.aufirst=TC&rft.au=Nyl%C3%A9n%2C+P&rft.au=Johnson%2C+AC&rft.au=Dunn%2C+DE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKishiEguchiYuasaKatakura2001" class="citation journal">Kishi R, Eguchi T, Yuasa J, Katakura Y, Arata Y, Harabuchi I, и др. (January 2001). „Effects of low-level occupational exposure to styrene on color vision: dose relation with a urinary metabolite“. <i>Environmental Research</i>. <b>85</b> (1): 25–30. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001ER.....85...25K">2001ER.....85...25K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Fenrs.2000.4227">10.1006/enrs.2000.4227</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11161648">11161648</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+low-level+occupational+exposure+to+styrene+on+color+vision%3A+dose+relation+with+a+urinary+metabolite&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=25-30&rft.date=2001-01&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11161648&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1006%2Fenrs.2000.4227&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2001ER.....85...25K&rft.aulast=Kishi&rft.aufirst=R&rft.au=Eguchi%2C+T&rft.au=Yuasa%2C+J&rft.au=Katakura%2C+Y&rft.au=Arata%2C+Y&rft.au=Harabuchi%2C+I&rft.au=Kawai%2C+T&rft.au=Masuchi%2C+A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/chemicals/chem_profiles/toluene/health_tol.html">"Health Effects of Toluene"</a> <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101125213554/http://ccohs.ca/oshanswers/chemicals/chem_profiles/toluene/health_tol.html">Архивирано</a> на 25 ноември 2010 г.</small>, Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/toluene/physiologic_effects.html">"Toluene Toxicity Physiologic Effects"</a> <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161012074521/http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/toluene/physiologic_effects.html">Архивирано</a> на 12 октомври 2016 г.</small>, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.epa.gov/airtoxics/hlthef/toluene.html">[1]</a> <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150306051516/http://www.epa.gov/airtoxics/hlthef/toluene.html">Архивирано</a> на 6 март 2015 г.</small>, EPA</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCeresana" class="citation web">Ceresana. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ceresana.com/en/market-studies/chemicals/toluene/">„Toluene – Study: Market, Analysis, Trends – Ceresana“</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170429112325/http://www.ceresana.com/en/market-studies/chemicals/toluene/">Архивирано</a> од изворникот 2017-04-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Посетено на <span class="nowrap">2015-04-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Toluene+%E2%80%93+Study%3A+Market%2C+Analysis%2C+Trends+%E2%80%93+Ceresana&rft.au=Ceresana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceresana.com%2Fen%2Fmarket-studies%2Fchemicals%2Ftoluene%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid19151967-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pmid19151967_46-0">46,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pmid19151967_46-1">46,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pmid19151967_46-2">46,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCruzSoberanes-ChávezPáez-MartinezLópez-Rubalcava2009" class="citation journal">Cruz SL, Soberanes-Chávez P, Páez-Martinez N, López-Rubalcava C (June 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_psychopharmacology_2009-06_204_2/page/279">„Toluene has antidepressant-like actions in two animal models used for the screening of antidepressant drugs“</a>. <i>Psychopharmacology</i>. <b>204</b> (2): 279–86. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00213-009-1462-2">10.1007/s00213-009-1462-2</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19151967">19151967</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:2235023">2235023</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychopharmacology&rft.atitle=Toluene+has+antidepressant-like+actions+in+two+animal+models+used+for+the+screening+of+antidepressant+drugs&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=279-86&rft.date=2009-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A2235023&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19151967&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs00213-009-1462-2&rft.aulast=Cruz&rft.aufirst=SL&rft.au=Soberanes-Ch%C3%A1vez%2C+P&rft.au=P%C3%A1ez-Martinez%2C+N&rft.au=L%C3%B3pez-Rubalcava%2C+C&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_psychopharmacology_2009-06_204_2%2Fpage%2F279&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://flipper.diff.org/app/items/info/5367">„Toluene“</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190216153233/http://flipper.diff.org/app/items/info/5367">Архивирано</a> од изворникот 2019-02-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Посетено на <span class="nowrap">2019-02-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Toluene&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fflipper.diff.org%2Fapp%2Fitems%2Finfo%2F5367&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSpigel2009" class="citation web">Spigel S (8 July 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cga.ct.gov/2009/rpt/2009-R-0251.htm">„State Laws on Inhalant Use“</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150225222036/http://www.cga.ct.gov/2009/rpt/2009-R-0251.htm">Архивирано</a> од изворникот 25 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Посетено на <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=State+Laws+on+Inhalant+Use&rft.date=2009-07-08&rft.aulast=Spigel&rft.aufirst=S&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cga.ct.gov%2F2009%2Frpt%2F2009-R-0251.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icis.com/resources/news/2005/09/24/1008648/eu-sets-0-1-limit-on-use-of-toluene-tcb/">„EU sets 0.1% limit on use of toluene, TCB“</a>. <i>ICIS</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reed_Business_Information&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reed Business Information (страницата не постои)">Reed Business Information</a>. 24 September 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180718174344/https://www.icis.com/resources/news/2005/09/24/1008648/eu-sets-0-1-limit-on-use-of-toluene-tcb/">Архивирано</a> од изворникот 18 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Посетено на <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ICIS&rft.atitle=EU+sets+0.1%25+limit+on+use+of+toluene%2C+TCB&rft.date=2005-09-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icis.com%2Fresources%2Fnews%2F2005%2F09%2F24%2F1008648%2Feu-sets-0-1-limit-on-use-of-toluene-tcb%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-50">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPrenafeta-BolduKuhnLuykxAnke2001" class="citation journal">Prenafeta-Boldu FX, Kuhn A, Luykx DM, Anke H, van Groenestijn JW, de Bont JA (April 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edepot.wur.nl/25292">„Isolation and characterisation of fungi growing on volatile aromatic hydrocarbons as their sole carbon and energy source“</a>. <i>Mycological Research</i>. <b>105</b> (4): 477–484. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0953756201003719">10.1017/S0953756201003719</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170922020728/http://edepot.wur.nl/25292">Архивирано</a> од изворникот 2017-09-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Посетено на <span class="nowrap">2018-04-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mycological+Research&rft.atitle=Isolation+and+characterisation+of+fungi+growing+on+volatile+aromatic+hydrocarbons+as+their+sole+carbon+and+energy+source&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=477-484&rft.date=2001-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0953756201003719&rft.aulast=Prenafeta-Boldu&rft.aufirst=FX&rft.au=Kuhn%2C+A&rft.au=Luykx%2C+DM&rft.au=Anke%2C+H&rft.au=van+Groenestijn%2C+JW&rft.au=de+Bont%2C+JA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedepot.wur.nl%2F25292&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Цитирани_извори"><span id=".D0.A6.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B8.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B2.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8"></span>Цитирани извори</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Уреди го одделот „Цитирани извори“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=17" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Цитирани извори"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFHaynes,_William_M.2016" class="citation book">Haynes, William M., уред. (2016). <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=CRC_Handbook_of_Chemistry_and_Physics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (страницата не постои)">CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics</a></i> (97th. изд.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=CRC_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CRC Press (страницата не постои)">CRC Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80/9781498754293" title="Специјална:ПечатенИзвор/9781498754293"><bdi>9781498754293</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=CRC+Handbook+of+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.edition=97th&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781498754293&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmk.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5289462"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Надворешни_врски"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B0.D0.B4.D0.B2.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B5.D1.88.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.B2.D1.80.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B8"></span>Надворешни врски</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Уреди го одделот „Надворешни врски“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&section=18" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Надворешни врски"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">„<span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Toluene?uselang=mk">Толуен</a>“ на Ризницата <sup><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0_(%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Ризница (Викимедија)">?</a></sup></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/toluene/">ATSDR – Case Studies in Environmental Medicine: Toluene Toxicity</a> U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (public domain)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/toluene/">Toluene</a> CDC – NIOSH Workplace Safety and Health Topic (DHHS)</li> <li>OSHA-NIOSH 2018. <a href="//doi.org/10.26616/NIOSHPUB2018124" class="extiw" title="doi:10.26616/NIOSHPUB2018124">Preventing Hearing Loss Caused by Chemical (Ototoxicity) and Noise Exposure Safety and Health Information Bulletin (SHIB)</a>, Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. SHIB 03-08-2018. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2018-124.</li></ul> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:azzurro;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-преглед"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Предлошка:Јаглеводороди"><abbr title="Преглед на предлошкава" style=";background:azzurro;;background:none transparent;border:none;">п</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-разговор"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Разговор за предлошка:Јаглеводороди"><abbr title="Разговор за предлошкава" style=";background:azzurro;;background:none transparent;border:none;">р</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-уреди"><a class="external text" href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8&action=edit"><abbr title="Уредување на предлошкава" style=";background:azzurro;;background:none transparent;border:none;">у</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Јаглеводород">Јаглеводороди</a></div></th></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:azzurro;">Заситени<br />алифатични<br />јаглеводороди</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Алкан">Алкани</a><br />C<sub><i>n</i></sub>H<sub>2<i>n</i> + 2</sub></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8">Линеарни</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Метан">Метан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Етан">Етан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Пропан">Пропан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Бутан">Бутан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Пентан">Пентан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Хексан">Хексан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хептан (страницата не постои)">Хептан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Октан">Октан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нонан (страницата не постои)">Нонан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5)" title="Декан (соединение)">Декан</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8">Разгранети</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изобутан (страницата не постои)">Изобутан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изопентан (страницата не постои)">Изопентан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3-метилпентан (страницата не постои)">3-метилпентан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Неопентан (страницата не постои)">Неопентан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-метилпентан (страницата не постои)">Изохексан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-метилхексан (страницата не постои)">Изохептан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2,2,4-%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2,2,4-триметилпентан (страницата не постои)">Изооктан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-метилоктан (страницата не постои)">Изононан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изодекан (страницата не постои)">Изодекан</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Циклоалкан">Циклоалкани</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Циклопропан">Циклопропан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Циклобутан">Циклобутан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Циклопентан">Циклопентан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Циклохексан">Циклохексан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Циклохептан">Циклохептан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Циклооктан">Циклооктан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Циклононан">Циклононан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Циклодекан">Циклодекан</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алкилциклоалкан (страницата не постои)">Алкилциклоалкани</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Метилциклопропан (страницата не постои)">Метилциклопропан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Метилциклобутан (страницата не постои)">Метилциклобутан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Метилциклопентан (страницата не постои)">Метилциклопентан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Метилциклохексан (страницата не постои)">Метилциклохексан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изопропилциклохексан (страницата не постои)">Изопропилциклохексан</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бициклоалкан (страницата не постои)">Бициклоалкани</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Хаусан">Хаусан</a> (бицикло[2.1.0]пентан)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Норборнан (страницата не постои)">Норборнан</a> (бицикло[2.2.1]хептан)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Декалин (страницата не постои)">Декалин</a> (бицикло[4.4.0]декан)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Полициклоалкан (страницата не постои)">Полициклоалкани</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Адамантан (страницата не постои)">Адамантан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Дијамантоид">Дијамантоид</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Перхидрофенантрен (страницата не постои)">Перхидрофенантрен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Стеран (страницата не постои)">Стеран</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кубан (страницата не постои)">Кубан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Призман (страницата не постои)">Призман</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Додекаедран (страницата не постои)">Додекаедран</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Баскетан (страницата не постои)">Баскетан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Черчан (страницата не постои)">Черчан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пагодан (страницата не постои)">Пагодан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Твистан (страницата не постои)">Твистан</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8">Други</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Спироалкан (страницата не постои)">Спироалкани</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:azzurro;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Незаситен јаглеводород (страницата не постои)">Незаситени</a><br />алифатични<br />јаглеводороди</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Алкен">Алкени</a><br />C<sub><i>n</i></sub>H<sub>2<i>n</i></sub></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8">Линеарни</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Етилен">Етен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пропен (страницата не постои)">Пропен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бутен (страницата не постои)">Бутен</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Пентен">Пентен</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Хексен">Хексен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хептен (страницата не постои)">Хептен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Октен (страницата не постои)">Октен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нонен (страницата не постои)">Нонен</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Децен">Децен</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8">Разгранети</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изобутен (страницата не постои)">Изобутен</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Изопентен">Изопентен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изохексен (страницата не постои)">Изохексен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изохептен (страницата не постои)">Изохептен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изооктен (страницата не постои)">Изооктен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изононен (страницата не постои)">Изононен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изодецен (страницата не постои)">Изодецен</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Алкин">Алкини</a><br />C<sub><i>n</i></sub>H<sub>2<i>n</i> − 2</sub></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8">Линеарни</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Ацетилен">Етин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пропин (страницата не постои)">Пропин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_(%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бутин (хемиско соединение) (страницата не постои)">Бутин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пентин (страницата не постои)">Пентин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3-%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3-хексин (страницата не постои)">Хексин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хептин (страницата не постои)">Хептин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Октин (страницата не постои)">Октин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нонин (страницата не постои)">Нонин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1-%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1-декин (страницата не постои)">Декин</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8">Разгранети</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изопентин (страницата не постои)">Изопентин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изохексин (страницата не постои)">Изохексин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изохептин (страницата не постои)">Изохептин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изооктин (страницата не постои)">Изооктин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изононин (страницата не постои)">Изононин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изодекин (страницата не постои)">Изодекин</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклоалкен (страницата не постои)">Циклоалкени</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Циклопропен">Циклопропен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклобутен (страницата не постои)">Циклобутен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклопентен (страницата не постои)">Циклопентен</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Циклохексен">Циклохексен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклохептен (страницата не постои)">Циклохептен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклооктен (страницата не постои)">Циклооктен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклононен (страницата не постои)">Циклононен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклодецен (страницата не постои)">Циклодецен</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алкилциклоалкен (страницата не постои)">Алкилциклоалкени</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1-метилциклопропен (страницата не постои)">Метилциклопропен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Метилциклобутен (страницата не постои)">Метилциклобутен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Метилциклопентен (страницата не постои)">Метилциклопентен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Метилциклохексен (страницата не постои)">Метилциклохексен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изопропилциклохексен (страницата не постои)">Изопропилциклохексен</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бициклоалкен (страницата не постои)">Бициклоалкени</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Норборнен (страницата не постои)">Норборнен</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклоалкин (страницата не постои)">Циклоалкини</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклопропин (страницата не постои)">Циклопропин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклобутин (страницата не постои)">Циклобутин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклопентин (страницата не постои)">Циклопентин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклохексин (страницата не постои)">Циклохексин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклохептин (страницата не постои)">Циклохептин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклооктин (страницата не постои)">Циклооктин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклононин (страницата не постои)">Циклононин</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклодекин (страницата не постои)">Циклодекин</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Диен">Диени</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пропадиен (страницата не постои)">Пропадиен</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Бутадиен">Бутадиен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пиперилен (страницата не постои)">Пентадиен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1,5-%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1,5-хексадиен (страницата не постои)">Хексадиен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хептадиен (страницата не постои)">Хептадиен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1,7-%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1,7-октадиен (страницата не постои)">Октадиен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нонадиен (страницата не постои)">Нонадиен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Декадиен (страницата не постои)">Декадиен</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;">Други</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алкатриен (страницата не постои)">Алкатриен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алкадиен (страницата не постои)">Алкадиен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кумулен (страницата не постои)">Кумулен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклооктатетраен (страницата не постои)">Циклооктатетраен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклододекатриен (страницата не постои)">Циклододекатриен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Енин (страницата не постои)">Енин</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:azzurro;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="Ароматичен јаглеводород">Ароматични<br />јаглеводороди</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Полицикличен ароматичен јаглеводород (страницата не постои)">ПАЈ</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ацен (страницата не постои)">Ацени</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Нафтален">Нафтален</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Антрацен (страницата не постои)">Антрацен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тетрацен (страницата не постои)">Тетрацен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пентацен (страницата не постои)">Пентацен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хексацен (страницата не постои)">Хексацен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хептацен (страницата не постои)">Хептацен</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;">Други</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Азулен">Азулен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Флуорен (страницата не постои)">Флуорен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хелицен (страницата не постои)">Хелицени</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циркулен (страницата не постои)">Циркулени</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бутален (страницата не постои)">Бутален</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Фенантрен">Фенантрен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хризен (страницата не постои)">Хризен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пирен (страницата не постои)">Пирен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Коранулен (страницата не постои)">Коранулен</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Кекулен">Кекулен</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алкилбензен (страницата не постои)">Алкилбензени</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Толуен</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=C2-%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C2-бензени (страницата не постои)">C2-бензени</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ксилен (страницата не постои)">Ксилени</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=O-%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="O-ксилен (страницата не постои)"><i>o</i>-ксилен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=M-%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="M-ксилен (страницата не постои)"><i>m</i>-ксилен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=P-%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="P-ксилен (страницата не постои)"><i>p</i>-ксилен</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;">Други</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Етилбензен">Етилбензен</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=C3-%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C3-бензени (страницата не постои)">C3-бензени</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Триметилбензени (страницата не постои)">Триметилбензени</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мезитилен (страницата не постои)">Мезитилен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Псевдокумен (страницата не постои)">Псевдокумен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хемелитен (страницата не постои)">Хемелитен</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;">Други</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кумен (страницата не постои)">Кумен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-пропилбензен (страницата не постои)"><i>n</i>-пропилбензен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4-%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4-етилтолуен (страницата не постои)">4-етилтолуен</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=C4-%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C4-бензени (страницата не постои)">C4-бензени</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цимени (страницата не постои)">Цимени</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=O-%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="O-цимен (страницата не постои)"><i>o</i>-цимен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=M-%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="M-цимен (страницата не постои)"><i>m</i>-цимен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=P-%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="P-цимен (страницата не постои)"><i>p</i>-цимен</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тетраметилбензени (страницата не постои)">Тетраметилбензени</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дурен (страницата не постои)">Дурен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пренитен (страницата не постои)">Пренитен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изодурен (страницата не постои)">Изодурен</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;">Други</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-бутилбензен (страницата не постои)"><i>n</i>-бутилбензен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BA-%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сек-бутилбензен (страницата не постои)"><i>сек</i>-бутилбензен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82-%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Терт-бутилбензен (страницата не постои)"><i>терт</i>-бутилбензен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изобутилбензен (страницата не постои)">Изобутилбензен</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;">Други</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хексаметилбензен (страницата не постои)">Хексаметилбензен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2-%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-фенилхексан (страницата не постои)">2-фенилхексан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1,3,5-%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1,3,5-Триетилбензен (страницата не постои)">1,3,5-Триетилбензен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1,3,5-%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1,3,5-Трихептилбензен (страницата не постои)">1,3,5-Трихептилбензен</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;">Винилбензени</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Стирен (страницата не постои)">Стирен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дивинилбензен (страницата не постои)">Дивинилбензен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4-%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4-винилтолуен (страницата не постои)">4-винилтолуен</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;">Други</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Бензен">Бензен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклопропенилиден (страницата не постои)">Циклопропенилиден</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фенилацетилен (страницата не постои)">Фенилацетилен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Транс-пропенилбензен (страницата не постои)"><i>транс</i>-пропенилбензен</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:azzurro;">Други</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Нормативна контрола">Нормативна контрола</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-sh85-135907">WorldCat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%98_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Контролен број на Конгресната библиотека">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85135907">sh85135907</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Обединета нормативна податотека">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4185632-6">4185632-6</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Национална библиотека на Франција">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123654235">cb123654235</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123654235">(податоци)</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Национална парламентарна библиотека (Јапонија)">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00573330">00573330</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Преземено од „<a dir="ltr" href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Толуен&oldid=5240860">https://mk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Толуен&oldid=5240860</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div 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