ACP - ACP Letters

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SEARCH_INPUT_MODAL = document.getElementById('search_query_modal'); searchRunning = false; offset = 20; INITIAL_OFFSET = 20; var MutationObserver = window.MutationObserver || window.WebKitMutationObserver || window.MozMutationObserver; const targetNodeSearchModal = document.getElementById("templateSearchResultModal"); const configSearchModal = { attributes: true, childList: true, subtree: true }; // Callback function to execute when mutations are observed const callbackSearchModal = (mutationList, observer) => { for (const mutation of mutationList) { if (mutation.type === "childList") { // console.log("A child node has been added or removed."); picturesGallery(); } else if (mutation.type === "attributes") { // console.log(`The ${mutation.attributeName} attribute was modified.`); } } }; // Create an observer instance linked to the callback function const observer = new MutationObserver(callbackSearchModal); // Start observing the target node for configured mutations observer.observe(targetNodeSearchModal, configSearchModal); 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} $('body').on('click', '#templateSearchResultContainer .paperlist-avatar img', function (e) { if(searchPaperListAvatarThumb.length === 0 && searchPaperListAvatar.length === 0) { $('#templateSearchResultContainer .paperlist-avatar img').each(function () { var webversion = $(this).attr('data-web'); var width = $(this).attr('data-width'); var height = $(this).attr('data-height'); var caption = $(this).attr('data-caption'); var figure = { src: webversion, w: width, h: height, title: caption }; searchPaperListAvatarThumb.push($(this)[0]); searchPaperListAvatar.push(figure); }); } var target = $(this); var index = $('#templateSearchResultContainer .paperlist-avatar img').index(target); var options = { showHideOpacity:false, bgOpacity:0.8, index:index, spacing:0.15, history: false, focus:false, getThumbBoundsFn: function(index) { var thumbnail = searchPaperListAvatarThumb[index]; var pageYScroll = window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop; var rect = thumbnail.getBoundingClientRect(); return {x:rect.left, y:rect.top + pageYScroll, w:rect.width}; } }; search_gallery = new PhotoSwipe( search_pswpElement, PhotoSwipeUI_Default,[searchPaperListAvatar[index]],options); search_gallery.init(); }); } function showError(code, msg) { console.error(code, msg); $("#templateSearchLoadingModal").modal("hide"); switch(code) { case -3: // http request fail case -2: // invalid MO response case 4: // CORS case 1: // project $("#templateSearchErrorModal1").modal({}); break; case -1: // timeout $("#templateSearchErrorModal2").modal({}); break; case 2: // empty term $("#templateSearchErrorModal3").modal({}); break; case 3: // DOS $("#templateSearchErrorModal4").modal({}); break; default: $("#templateSearchErrorModal1").modal({}); break; } } function clearForm() { var myFormElement = document.getElementById("library-filters") var elements = myFormElement.elements; $(".form-check-input").prop('checked', false).change().parent().removeClass('active'); for(i=0; i<elements.length; i++) { field_type = elements[i].type.toLowerCase(); switch(field_type) { case "text": case "password": case "textarea": case "hidden": elements[i].value = ""; break; case "radio": case "checkbox": if (elements[i].checked) { elements[i].checked = false; } break; case "select-one": case "select-multi": elements[i].selectedIndex = -1; break; default: break; } } } function generateShowMoreButton(offset, term) { var code = '<button aria-label="ShowMore" id="showMore" class="btn btn-success float-right mr-2" data-offset="' + offset + '">Show more</button>'; return code; } function hideModal(id) { $("#"+id).modal('hide'); } function showModal(id) { $("#"+id).modal({}); } function prepareForPhotoSwipe() { searchPaperListAvatar = []; searchPaperListAvatarThumb = []; search_pswpElement = document.querySelectorAll('.pswp')[0]; } function _sendAjax(projectID, term) { let httpRequest = new XMLHttpRequest(); if(searchRunning) { console.log("Search running"); return; } if (!httpRequest) { console.error("Giving up :( Cannot create an XMLHTTP instance"); showError(-1); return false; } // httpRequest.timeout = 20000; // time in milliseconds httpRequest.withCredentials = false; httpRequest.ontimeout = (e) => { showError(-1, "result timeout"); searchRunning = false; }; httpRequest.onreadystatechange = function() { if (httpRequest.readyState === XMLHttpRequest.DONE) { searchRunning = false; if (httpRequest.status === 200) { let rs = JSON.parse(httpRequest.responseText); if(rs) { if(rs.isError) { showError(rs.errorCode, rs.errorMessage); } else { let html = rs.resultHTMLs; $("#modal_search_query").val(rs.term); $("#templateSearchResultTerm").html(rs.term); $("#templateSearchResultNr").html(rs.resultsNr); $("#templateRefineSearch").html(rs.filter); if(rs.filter == false) { console.log('filter empty'); $("#refineSearchModal").removeClass('d-block').addClass('d-none'); } if(rs.resultsNr==1) $("#templateSearchResultNrPlural").hide(); else $("#templateSearchResultNrPlural").show(); if(rs.resultsNr==0) { hideModal('templateSearchLoadingModal'); $("#templateSearchResultContainer").html(""); $("#templateSearchResultContainerEmpty").removeClass("d-none"); showModal('templateSearchResultModal'); } else { if((rs.resultsNr - offset)>0) { html = html + generateShowMoreButton(offset, term); } $("#templateSearchResultContainerEmpty").addClass("d-none"); if( offset == INITIAL_OFFSET) { hideModal('templateSearchLoadingModal'); $("#templateSearchResultContainer").html(html); showModal('templateSearchResultModal'); } else { $('#showMore').remove(); startHtml = $("#templateSearchResultContainer").html(); $("#templateSearchResultContainer").html(startHtml + html); } // prepareForPhotoSwipe(); } } } else { showError(-2, "invalid result"); } } else { showError(-3, "There was a problem with the request."); } } }; if(offset == INITIAL_OFFSET) { hideModal('templateSearchResultModal'); showModal('templateSearchLoadingModal'); } httpRequest.open("GET", FINDER_URL+"?project="+projectID+"&term="+encodeURI(term)+((offset>INITIAL_OFFSET)?("&offset="+(offset-INITIAL_OFFSET)) : "")); httpRequest.send(); searchRunning = true; } function _runSearch() { var projectID = document.querySelector('meta[name="global_projectID"]').content; var term = _searchTrimInput(SEARCH_INPUT.value); if(term.length > 0) { _sendAjax(projectID, term); } else { showError(2, 'Empty search term') } } function _searchTrimInput(str) { return str.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/gm, ''); } function run() { _addEventListener(); $('#templateSearchInfoBtn, #modalSearchInfoBtn').popover({ sanitize: false, html: true, content: $("#templateSearchInfo").html(), placement: "bottom", template: '<div class="popover" role="tooltip"><div class="arrow"></div><button class="m-1 float-right btn btn-sm btn-danger" id="templateSearchInfoClose"><i class="fas fa-times-circle"></i></button><h3 class="popover-header"></h3><div class="popover-body"></div></div>', title: "Search tips", }); $(document).click(function (e) { let t = $(e.target); let a = t && t.attr("data-toggle")!=="popover" && t.parent().attr("data-toggle")!=="popover"; let b = t && $(".popover").has(t).length===0; if(a && b) { $('#templateSearchInfoBtn').popover('hide'); $('#modalSearchInfoBtn').popover('hide'); } }); $('#templateSearchInfoBtn').on('shown.bs.popover', function () { $("#templateSearchInfoClose").click(function(e){ $('#templateSearchInfoBtn').popover('hide'); e.stopPropagation(); e.stopImmediatePropagation(); return false; }); }) $('#templateSearchResultModal').on('hidden.bs.modal', function(e) { $('body').off('click', '#templateSearchResultContainer .paperlist-avatar img'); var pswpElement = document.querySelectorAll('.pswp')[0]; var gallery = null; var paperListAvatar = []; var paperListAvatarThumb = []; $('.paperlist-avatar img').each(function(){ var webversion = $(this).attr('data-web'); var width = $(this).attr('data-width'); var height = $(this).attr('data-height'); var caption =$(this).attr('data-caption'); var figure = { src:webversion, w:width, h:height, title:caption }; paperListAvatarThumb.push($(this)[0]); paperListAvatar.push(figure); }); $('body').on('click', '.paperlist-avatar img', function (e) { if(paperListAvatarThumb.length === 0 && paperListAvatar.length === 0){ $('.paperlist-avatar img').each(function(){ var webversion = $(this).attr('data-web'); var width = $(this).attr('data-width'); var height = $(this).attr('data-height'); var caption =$(this).attr('data-caption'); var figure = { src:webversion, w:width, h:height, title:caption }; paperListAvatarThumb.push($(this)[0]); paperListAvatar.push(figure); }); } var target = $(this); var index = $('.paperlist-avatar img').index(target); var options = { showHideOpacity:true, bgOpacity:0.8, index:index, spacing:0.15, getThumbBoundsFn: function(index) { var thumbnail = paperListAvatarThumb[index]; var pageYScroll = window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop; var rect = thumbnail.getBoundingClientRect(); return {x:rect.left, y:rect.top + pageYScroll, w:rect.width}; } }; gallery = new PhotoSwipe( pswpElement, PhotoSwipeUI_Default,[paperListAvatar[index]],options); gallery.init(); }); }); $('#templateSearchResultModal').on('hide.bs.modal', function(e) { $("#templateRefineSearch").removeClass('d-block').addClass('d-none'); $("#refineSearchModalHide").removeClass('d-block').addClass('d-none'); $("#refineSearchModal").removeClass('d-none').addClass('d-block'); offset = INITIAL_OFFSET; }) $(document).on("click", "#showMore", function(e){ offset+=INITIAL_OFFSET; runSearchModal() e.stopPropagation(); e.stopImmediatePropagation(); return false; }); $(document).ready(function() { $(document).on("click", "#refineSearchModal", function (e) { $("#templateRefineSearch").removeClass('d-none').addClass('d-block'); $(this).removeClass('d-block').addClass('d-none'); $("#refineSearchModalHide").removeClass('d-none').addClass('d-block'); }); $(document).on("click", "#refineSearchModalHide", function (e) { $("#templateRefineSearch").removeClass('d-block').addClass('d-none'); $(this).removeClass('d-block').addClass('d-none'); $("#refineSearchModal").removeClass('d-none').addClass('d-block'); }); $(document).on("click", "#modal_start_site_search", function (e) { runSearchModal(); e.stopPropagation(); e.stopImmediatePropagation(); return false; }); }); } function runSearchModal() { var projectID = document.querySelector('meta[name="global_projectID"]').content; var queryString = $('#library-filters').serialize(); var term = _searchTrimInput($('#modal_search_query').val()); term+='&'+queryString; if(term.length > 0) { _sendAjax(projectID, term); } else { showError(2, 'Empty search term') } } if(document.getElementById('search_query_solr')) { run(); } </script> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header>  <main class="one-column version-2023"> <div id="content" class="container"> <div id="page_content_container" class="CMSCONTAINER row"> <div class="col"> <div class="level2Toc"> <div class="grid-container no-margin"> <div class="grid-100"> <h1>ACP Letters</h1> </div> </div> <div class="row no-gutters auto-fixed-top-forced"> <div class="col-12 hide-on-fixed"> <div class="grid-container show-js paperList-filter" style="display: none;"> <div class="grid-100"> <form class="radio" autocomplete="off"> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-auto mr-2"> <label> <input type="radio" class="show-hide" name="paperListFilter" checked="checked" value="all" data-bubble="true" data-show=".paperList-final,.paperList-discussion"> All papers </label> </div> <div class="col-auto mr-2"> <label> <input type="radio" class="show-hide" name="paperListFilter" value="final" data-bubble="true" data-show=".paperList-final" data-hide=".paperList-discussion"> Final revised papers only </label> </div> <div class="col-auto mr-2"> <label> <input type="radio" class="show-hide" name="paperListFilter" value="discussion" data-bubble="true" data-show=".paperList-discussion" data-hide=".paperList-final"> Preprints only </label> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 pb-3 show-on-fixed recent-selection-wrapper" style="display:none;"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Filters</button> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object type-0 in-range paperList-discussion" data-diff="0"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 14 Nov 2024</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2024/egusphere-2024-3236/">Lightning declines over shipping lanes following regulation of fuel sulfur emissions</a> <div class="authors">Chris J. Wright, Joel A. Thornton, Lyatt Jaeglé, Yang Cao, Yannian Zhu, Jihu Liu, Randall Jones II, Robert H. Holzworth, Daniel Rosenfeld, Robert Wood, Peter Blossey, and Daehyun Kim</div> <div class="citation">External preprint server, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2408.07207,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2408.07207,</span> 2024</div> <div class="statusMessage"><span>Preprint under review for ACP</span> <nobr>(discussion: open, 0 comments)</nobr></div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_124073" data-show=".short_summary_124073" data-hide=".short_summary_button_124073" >Short summary</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_124073" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> Aerosol particles influence clouds, which exert a large forcing on solar radiation and fresh water. To better understand the mechanisms by which aerosol influences thunderstorms, we look at the two busiest shipping lanes in the world, where recent regulations have reduced sulfur emissions by nearly an order of magnitude. We find that the reduction in emissions has been accompanied by a dramatic decrease in both lightning and the number of droplets in clouds over the shipping lanes. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_124073" data-show=".short_summary_button_124073">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="2"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/11275/2024/acp-24-11275-2024-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/11275/2024/acp-24-11275-2024-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="© Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/11275/2024/acp-24-11275-2024-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="416" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 10 Oct 2024</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/11275/2024/">The 2023 global warming spike was driven by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation</a> <div class="authors">Shiv Priyam Raghuraman, Brian Soden, Amy Clement, Gabriel Vecchi, Sofia Menemenlis, and Wenchang Yang</div> <div class="citation">Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11275–11283, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11275-2024,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11275-2024,</span> 2024</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_121369" data-show=".short_summary_121369" data-hide=".short_summary_button_121369" >Short summary</span> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle ce_comment_button_121369 ml-2" data-show=".ce_comment_121369" data-hide=".ce_comment_button_121369">Executive editor</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_121369" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> The rapid global warming of 2023 has led to concerns that it could be externally driven. Here we show that climate models subject only to internal variability predict such warming spikes but rarely (<em>p</em>~1.6 %). However, when a prolonged La Niña immediately precedes an El Niño, as occurred leading up to 2023, such spikes are not uncommon (<em>p</em>~10.3 %). Virtually all of the spikes occur during an El Niño, strongly suggesting that internal variability drove the 2023 warming. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_121369" data-show=".short_summary_button_121369">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="j-widget__max ce_comment ce_comment_121369 mt-3" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Executive editor</div> <div class="content"> The rapid increase in global warming in 2023 has sparked fears that Earth has entered a new warm state. Possible explanations for a warming spike have included transient changes in radiative forcing or deficiencies in climate models. This study shows that the primary cause is a mode of natural climate variability – the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The authors show that, while the magnitude of global warming caused by ENSO was particularly large in 2023, it is not unprecedented in the historical record. The implication is that global warming is continuing at a steady average rate without dramatic acceleration. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".ce_comment_121369" data-show=".ce_comment_button_121369">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/11275/2024/acp-24-11275-2024-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/11275/2024/acp-24-11275-2024-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/11275/2024/acp-24-11275-2024-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="© Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="416" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object type-1 in-range paperList-discussion" data-diff="3"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 03 Sep 2024</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2024/egusphere-2024-2547/">Observational Constraints Suggest a Smaller Effective Radiative Forcing from Aerosol-Cloud Interactions</a> <div class="authors">Chanyoung Park, Brian J. Soden, Ryan J. Kramer, Tristan S. L’Ecuyer, and Haozhe He</div> <div class="citation">EGUsphere, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2547,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2547,</span> 2024</div> <div class="statusMessage"><span>Preprint under review for ACP</span> <nobr>(discussion: final response, 3 comments)</nobr></div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_122545" data-show=".short_summary_122545" data-hide=".short_summary_button_122545" >Short summary</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_122545" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> This study addresses the challenge of quantifying the impact of aerosol-cloud interactions. By analyzing satellite data and reanalysis, we examine cloud responses to aerosols by incorporating aerosol-to-cloud droplet activation rates. Our "perfect-model" validation reveals a smaller, less uncertain impact of aerosol-cloud interactions than previously estimated. This breakthrough suggests a reduced role of aerosol-cloud interactions in determining climate sensitivity. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_122545" data-show=".short_summary_button_122545">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object type-2 in-range paperList-discussion" data-diff="3"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 26 Aug 2024</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2024/egusphere-2024-1909/">Modulation of the Northern polar vortex by the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai eruption and associated surface response</a> <div class="authors">Ales Kuchar, Timofei Sukhodolov, Gabriel Chiodo, Andrin Jörimann, Jessica Kult-Herdin, Eugene Rozanov, and Harald Rieder</div> <div class="citation">EGUsphere, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1909,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1909,</span> 2024</div> <div class="statusMessage"><span>Revised manuscript under review for ACP</span> <nobr>(discussion: final response, 9 comments)</nobr></div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_121314" data-show=".short_summary_121314" data-hide=".short_summary_button_121314" >Short summary</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_121314" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> In January 2022, the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano erupted, sending massive amount of water vapor into the atmosphere. This event had a significant impact on stratospheric and lower mesosphere chemical composition. A year later stratospheric conditions have been disturbed during so-called Sudden Stratospheric. Here we simulate a novel pathway by which the water-rich eruption such as HT may have contributed to conditions during these events and consequently impacted surface climate. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_121314" data-show=".short_summary_button_121314">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object type-2 in-range paperList-discussion" data-diff="5"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 01 Jul 2024</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2024/egusphere-2024-1863/">Pristine oceans control the uncertainty in aerosol–cloud interactions</a> <div class="authors">Goutam Choudhury, Karoline Block, Mahnoosh Haghighatnasab, Johannes Quaas, Tom Goren, and Matthias Tesche</div> <div class="citation">EGUsphere, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1863,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1863,</span> 2024</div> <div class="statusMessage"><span>Revised manuscript under review for ACP</span> <nobr>(discussion: final response, 3 comments)</nobr></div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_121221" data-show=".short_summary_121221" data-hide=".short_summary_button_121221" >Short summary</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_121221" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> More aerosol particles in the atmosphere increase the reflectivity of clouds, leading to more sunlight being reflected back into space and cooling the Earth. Accurate global measurements of these particles are crucial to estimate this cooling effect. This study compares and harmonizes two newly developed global datasets of aerosol concentrations, offering valuable insights for their future use and refinement. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_121221" data-show=".short_summary_button_121221">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="6"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/6375/2024/acp-24-6375-2024-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/6375/2024/acp-24-6375-2024-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="© 2024 California Institute of Technology. Government sponsorship acknowledged." data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/6375/2024/acp-24-6375-2024-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="263" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 30 May 2024</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/6375/2024/">Direct observational evidence from space of the effect of CO<sub>2</sub> increase on longwave spectral radiances: the unique role of high-spectral-resolution measurements</a> <div class="authors">João Teixeira, R. Chris Wilson, and Heidar Th. Thrastarson</div> <div class="citation">Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6375–6383, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6375-2024,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6375-2024,</span> 2024</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_111327" data-show=".short_summary_111327" data-hide=".short_summary_button_111327" >Short summary</span> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle ce_comment_button_111327 ml-2" data-show=".ce_comment_111327" data-hide=".ce_comment_button_111327">Executive editor</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_111327" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> This paper presents direct evidence from space (solely based on observations) that CO<sub>2</sub> increase leads to the theoretically expected effects on longwave spectral radiances. This is achieved by using a methodology that allows us to isolate the CO<sub>2</sub> effects from the temperature and water vapor effects. By searching for ensembles of temperature and water vapor profiles that are similar to each other but have different values of CO<sub>2</sub>, it is possible to estimate the direct effects of CO<sub>2</sub> on the spectra. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_111327" data-show=".short_summary_button_111327">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="j-widget__max ce_comment ce_comment_111327 mt-3" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Executive editor</div> <div class="content"> The core element of climate change is the sensitivity of the Earth's climate system to the balance between incoming solar radiation and outgoing terrestrial radiation at the top of the atmosphere. CO2 is one of the key atmospheric parameters controlling the outgoing longwave radiation. In this paper, hyper-spectral satellite data of the outgoing long wave radiation from a decade of observations are successfully used for the first time to disentangle the radiative effect of CO2 increase from those of other relevant parameters such as temperature and water vapour variations. The paper demonstrates convincingly that the observed radiative changes agree excellently with theoretical predictions of outgoing long wave radiation changes due to the observed CO2 increase. While solely based on observations from space, these results confirm a fundamental theoretical underpinning of the science of global warming. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".ce_comment_111327" data-show=".ce_comment_button_111327">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/6375/2024/acp-24-6375-2024-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/6375/2024/acp-24-6375-2024-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/6375/2024/acp-24-6375-2024-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="© 2024 California Institute of Technology. Government sponsorship acknowledged." data-height="263" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="10"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/2033/2024/acp-24-2033-2024-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/2033/2024/acp-24-2033-2024-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="© Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/2033/2024/acp-24-2033-2024-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="436" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 16 Feb 2024</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/2033/2024/">Moist bias in the Pacific upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) in climate models affects regional circulation patterns</a> <div class="authors">Felix Ploeger, Thomas Birner, Edward Charlesworth, Paul Konopka, and Rolf Müller</div> <div class="citation">Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2033–2043, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2033-2024,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2033-2024,</span> 2024</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_115044" data-show=".short_summary_115044" data-hide=".short_summary_button_115044" >Short summary</span> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle ce_comment_button_115044 ml-2" data-show=".ce_comment_115044" data-hide=".ce_comment_button_115044">Executive editor</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_115044" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> We present a novel mechanism of how regional anomalies in water vapour concentrations in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere impact regional atmospheric circulation systems. These impacts include a displaced upper-level Asian monsoon circulation and strengthened prevailing westerlies in the Pacific region. Current climate models have biases in simulating these regional water vapour anomalies and circulation impacts, but the biases can be avoided by improving the model transport. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_115044" data-show=".short_summary_button_115044">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="j-widget__max ce_comment ce_comment_115044 mt-3" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Executive editor</div> <div class="content"> There is a very strong contrast between water vapor concentrations in the stratosphere (dry) and the troposphere (moist). Climate models typically represent this contrast poorly and suffer from a ‘moist bias’ in the extratropical lower stratosphere. Here two versions of a particular model, one a standard version and the other with a different transport scheme which greatly reduces the moist bias, are used to give a clear demonstration of its effect, through the radiative effects of water vapor, on the regional-scale tropospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere Pacific region. The authors then show that differences in moist bias explain differences in this circulation across a large set of climate models. Improvements in transport schemes and hence better representation of the troposphere-stratosphere contrast in water vapor are likely to improve important regional scale features of the tropospheric circulation. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".ce_comment_115044" data-show=".ce_comment_button_115044">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/2033/2024/acp-24-2033-2024-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/2033/2024/acp-24-2033-2024-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/2033/2024/acp-24-2033-2024-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="© Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="436" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="14"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/12935/2023/acp-23-12935-2023-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/12935/2023/acp-23-12935-2023-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="© Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/12935/2023/acp-23-12935-2023-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="391" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 16 Oct 2023</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/12935/2023/">The dehydration carousel of stratospheric water vapor in the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone</a> <div class="authors">Paul Konopka, Christian Rolf, Marc von Hobe, Sergey M. Khaykin, Benjamin Clouser, Elisabeth Moyer, Fabrizio Ravegnani, Francesco D'Amato, Silvia Viciani, Nicole Spelten, Armin Afchine, Martina Krämer, Fred Stroh, and Felix Ploeger</div> <div class="citation">Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12935–12947, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12935-2023,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12935-2023,</span> 2023</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_110238" data-show=".short_summary_110238" data-hide=".short_summary_button_110238" >Short summary</span> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle ce_comment_button_110238 ml-2" data-show=".ce_comment_110238" data-hide=".ce_comment_button_110238">Executive editor</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_110238" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> We studied water vapor in a critical region of the atmosphere, the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone, using rare in situ observations. Our study shows that extremely high water vapor values observed in the stratosphere within the Asian monsoon anticyclone still undergo significant freeze-drying and that water vapor concentrations set by the Lagrangian dry point are a better proxy for the stratospheric water vapor budget than rare observations of enhanced water mixing ratios. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_110238" data-show=".short_summary_button_110238">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="j-widget__max ce_comment ce_comment_110238 mt-3" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Executive editor</div> <div class="content"> The paper exploits recent in-situ observations of water vapour in the lower stratosphere in the StratoClim campaign which was focused on the Asian Monsoon region, accepted as very important as providing a pathway from troposphere to stratosphere for important chemical species. The paper uses trajectory modelling to argue that, whilst very large water vapour concentrations were observed in some locations, significant further dehydration is likely as the air masses are transported, over tens of days, on a spiralling path into the main body of the stratosphere. The conclusion is therefore that these large water vapour concentrations do not imply a substantial moistening of the stratosphere. There has been a long-standing debate about the role of processes on different scales, from the cloud-scale to the regional scale, in controlling stratospheric water vapour, which has an important effect on the radiative balance of the troposphere. In combining in-situ data and trajectory modelling this study should help progress towards scientific consensus on this point. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".ce_comment_110238" data-show=".ce_comment_button_110238">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/12935/2023/acp-23-12935-2023-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/12935/2023/acp-23-12935-2023-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/12935/2023/acp-23-12935-2023-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="© Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="391" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="14"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/12545/2023/acp-23-12545-2023-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/12545/2023/acp-23-12545-2023-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="© Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/12545/2023/acp-23-12545-2023-avatar-web.png" data-width="498" data-height="600" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 09 Oct 2023</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/12545/2023/">Rapid saturation of cloud water adjustments to shipping emissions</a> <div class="authors">Peter Manshausen, Duncan Watson-Parris, Matthew W. Christensen, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, and Philip Stier</div> <div class="citation">Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12545–12555, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12545-2023,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12545-2023,</span> 2023</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_111087" data-show=".short_summary_111087" data-hide=".short_summary_button_111087" >Short summary</span> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle ce_comment_button_111087 ml-2" data-show=".ce_comment_111087" data-hide=".ce_comment_button_111087">Executive editor</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_111087" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> Aerosol from burning fuel changes cloud properties, e.g., the number of droplets and the content of water. Here, we study how clouds respond to different amounts of shipping aerosol. Droplet numbers increase linearly with increasing aerosol over a broad range until they stop increasing, while the amount of liquid water always increases, independently of emission amount. These changes in cloud properties can make them reflect more or less sunlight, which is important for the earth's climate. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_111087" data-show=".short_summary_button_111087">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="j-widget__max ce_comment ce_comment_111087 mt-3" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Executive editor</div> <div class="content"> Ship tracks are enhanced regions of cloud brightness that trail behind ships that are known to be created by their effluent. They are widely used as observational test beds to deepen understanding of how pollution might affect cloud microphysical processes and climate at larger regional and global scales. This study uses satellite observations of cloud properties and records of ship position and their effluent to assess perturbations from ship emissions on cloud droplet number and liquid water path. The study found that, as expected, the droplet number perturbation in shiptracks scales with ship emission rates of aerosol particles. Surprisingly, however, the liquid water path in drizzling clouds increased by an amount that was nearly fixed. The observation points to novel non-linear threshold behaviours of relevance to representations of aerosol indirect effects in climate models. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".ce_comment_111087" data-show=".ce_comment_button_111087">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/12545/2023/acp-23-12545-2023-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/12545/2023/acp-23-12545-2023-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/12545/2023/acp-23-12545-2023-avatar-web.png" data-width="498" data-caption="© Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="600" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="16"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/8259/2023/acp-23-8259-2023-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/8259/2023/acp-23-8259-2023-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="© Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/8259/2023/acp-23-8259-2023-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="417" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 25 Jul 2023</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/8259/2023/">Detection of large-scale cloud microphysical changes within a major shipping corridor after implementation of the International Maritime Organization 2020 fuel sulfur regulations</a> <div class="authors">Michael S. Diamond</div> <div class="citation">Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8259–8269, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8259-2023,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8259-2023,</span> 2023</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_111419" data-show=".short_summary_111419" data-hide=".short_summary_button_111419" >Short summary</span> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle ce_comment_button_111419 ml-2" data-show=".ce_comment_111419" data-hide=".ce_comment_button_111419">Executive editor</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_111419" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> Fuel sulfur regulations were implemented for ships in 2020 to improve air quality but may also accelerate global warming. We use spatial statistics and satellite retrievals to detect changes in the size of cloud droplets and find evidence for a resulting decrease in cloud brightness within a major shipping corridor after the sulfur limits went into effect. Our results confirm both that the regulations are being followed and that they are having a warming influence via their effect on clouds. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_111419" data-show=".short_summary_button_111419">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="j-widget__max ce_comment ce_comment_111419 mt-3" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Executive editor</div> <div class="content"> In 2020, a new international law was imposed that placed strong restrictions on sulfur emissions from the international shipping industry. In addition to reducing air pollution, an anticipated side effect was reduction of the climate cooling effect that is often associated with "ship-tracks". Aerosol pollutant emissions from ships, when they rise into overlying clouds, lead to higher cloud droplet number concentrations, smaller cloud droplet sizes, and clouds that are more reflective to incoming sunlight, easily seen in satellite imagery as long bright lines downwind of ships. Past studies into whether the new law has led to darker clouds have been equivocal. For this study, the authors used sophisticated statistical techniques to compare cloud droplet size and reflectivity before and after the law was implemented focusing on a shipping corridor in the southeast Atlantic. They found strong evidence that droplet sizes have indeed increased, and that clouds have darkened with a significant local climate warming. Globally, the impact is much smaller, but may still represent an important consideration for assessments of the total summed effect of aerosols on climate. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".ce_comment_111419" data-show=".ce_comment_button_111419">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/8259/2023/acp-23-8259-2023-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/8259/2023/acp-23-8259-2023-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/8259/2023/acp-23-8259-2023-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="© Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="417" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="20"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/4115/2023/acp-23-4115-2023-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/4115/2023/acp-23-4115-2023-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="© Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/4115/2023/acp-23-4115-2023-avatar-web.png" data-width="520" data-height="600" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 05 Apr 2023</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/4115/2023/">Uncertainty in aerosol–cloud radiative forcing is driven by clean conditions</a> <div class="authors">Edward Gryspeerdt, Adam C. Povey, Roy G. Grainger, Otto Hasekamp, N. Christina Hsu, Jane P. Mulcahy, Andrew M. Sayer, and Armin Sorooshian</div> <div class="citation">Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4115–4122, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4115-2023,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4115-2023,</span> 2023</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_106326" data-show=".short_summary_106326" data-hide=".short_summary_button_106326" >Short summary</span> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle ce_comment_button_106326 ml-2" data-show=".ce_comment_106326" data-hide=".ce_comment_button_106326">Executive editor</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_106326" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> The impact of aerosols on clouds is one of the largest uncertainties in the human forcing of the climate. Aerosol can increase the concentrations of droplets in clouds, but observational and model studies produce widely varying estimates of this effect. We show that these estimates can be reconciled if only polluted clouds are studied, but this is insufficient to constrain the climate impact of aerosol. The uncertainty in aerosol impact on clouds is currently driven by cases with little aerosol. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_106326" data-show=".short_summary_button_106326">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="j-widget__max ce_comment ce_comment_106326 mt-3" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Executive editor</div> <div class="content"> Relative absence of something is often more difficult to quantify than its presence. This paper uses satellite observations and global model data to show that it is uncertainties in the quantification of clean-sky conditions that contribute most to current uncertainties in estimates of the sensitivity of cloud properties to varying degrees of aerosol loading. This is a novel result that should prove of broad interest to the aerosol-cloud-climate community for reframing how the problem is approached, by focusing on improved quantification of clean conditions. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".ce_comment_106326" data-show=".ce_comment_button_106326">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/4115/2023/acp-23-4115-2023-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/4115/2023/acp-23-4115-2023-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/4115/2023/acp-23-4115-2023-avatar-web.png" data-width="520" data-caption="© Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="600" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="22"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/1677/2023/acp-23-1677-2023-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/1677/2023/acp-23-1677-2023-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="© Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/1677/2023/acp-23-1677-2023-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="293" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 01 Feb 2023</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/1677/2023/">Natural marine cloud brightening in the Southern Ocean</a> <div class="authors">Gerald G. Mace, Sally Benson, Ruhi Humphries, Peter M. Gombert, and Elizabeth Sterner</div> <div class="citation">Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 1677–1685, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1677-2023,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1677-2023,</span> 2023</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_105831" data-show=".short_summary_105831" data-hide=".short_summary_button_105831" >Short summary</span> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle ce_comment_button_105831 ml-2" data-show=".ce_comment_105831" data-hide=".ce_comment_button_105831">Executive editor</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_105831" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> The number of cloud droplets per unit volume is a significantly important property of clouds that controls their reflective properties. Computer models of the Earth's atmosphere and climate have low skill at predicting the reflective properties of Southern Ocean clouds. Here we investigate the properties of those clouds using satellite data and find that the cloud droplet number and cloud albedo in the Southern Ocean are related to the oceanic phytoplankton abundance near Antarctica. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_105831" data-show=".short_summary_button_105831">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="j-widget__max ce_comment ce_comment_105831 mt-3" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Executive editor</div> <div class="content"> The Southern Ocean can be considered a region exhibiting pristine conditions as during the pre-industrial time. Thus, any changes in radiative forcing in this region can be attributed to natural factors. Feedbacks of ocean biological activity on Earth’s radiation budget have been put forward as the CLAW hypothesis (Charlson et al., 1987, https://www.nature.com/articles/326655a0). It implies that emissions of biogenic sulfur-containing compounds result in the formation of cloud condensation nuclei, which lead to higher cloud droplet number concentrations. Such clouds are more reflective and thus lead to a cooling effect. The current study provides satellite-based evidence of the increase droplet number concentrations and cloud reflectivity (‘albedo’) triggered by chlorophyll emissions, as a proxy for biological activity. Specifically, it demonstrates for the first time the extent to which the cloud albedo is modulated by biological factors as a function of latitude along the Antarctic shelf. While the study does not extend to discussing the subsequent feedbacks of cloud reflectivity to biological activity, it clearly demonstrates how biological ocean activity affects cloudiness above the Southern Ocean and thus may regulate temperature. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".ce_comment_105831" data-show=".ce_comment_button_105831">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/1677/2023/acp-23-1677-2023-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/1677/2023/acp-23-1677-2023-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/1677/2023/acp-23-1677-2023-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="© Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="293" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="23"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/251/2023/acp-23-251-2023-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/251/2023/acp-23-251-2023-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="© Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/251/2023/acp-23-251-2023-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="342" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 13 Jan 2023</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/251/2023/">Strong particle production and condensational growth in the upper troposphere sustained by biogenic VOCs from the canopy of the Amazon Basin</a> <div class="authors">Yunfan Liu, Hang Su, Siwen Wang, Chao Wei, Wei Tao, Mira L. Pöhlker, Christopher Pöhlker, Bruna A. Holanda, Ovid O. Krüger, Thorsten Hoffmann, Manfred Wendisch, Paulo Artaxo, Ulrich Pöschl, Meinrat O. Andreae, and Yafang Cheng</div> <div class="citation">Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 251–272, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-251-2023,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-251-2023,</span> 2023</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_105454" data-show=".short_summary_105454" data-hide=".short_summary_button_105454" >Short summary</span> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle ce_comment_button_105454 ml-2" data-show=".ce_comment_105454" data-hide=".ce_comment_button_105454">Executive editor</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_105454" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> The origins of the abundant cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in the upper troposphere (UT) of the Amazon remain unclear. With model developments of new secondary organic aerosol schemes and constrained by observation, we show that strong aerosol nucleation and condensation in the UT is triggered by biogenic organics, and organic condensation is key for UT CCN production. This UT CCN-producing mechanism may prevail over broader vegetation canopies and deserves emphasis in aerosol–climate feedback. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_105454" data-show=".short_summary_button_105454">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="j-widget__max ce_comment ce_comment_105454 mt-3" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Executive editor</div> <div class="content"> Traditionally, the interactions between aerosols, clouds, weather and climate has focused on sulphate aerosols. However, in the last 20 years it has become apparent that secondary organic aerosols are also highly abundant in the troposphere. These could represent a major coupling in the earth system between the biosphere and the atmosphere, and thus climate because forests are known to emit large quantities of biogenic VOCs that are known to produce secondary organic aerosols. However selectively studying their influence on the free troposphere is difficult as it requires in situ measurements aboard scientific aircraft. This study observes the role of biogenic secondary organic aerosols on the abundance of cloud condensation nuclei in the upper troposphere above the Amazon, and compares it with a state-of-the-art predictive model. This further supports the importance of these processes in earth system models and gives confidence that the current level of understanding will produce accurate predictions. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".ce_comment_105454" data-show=".ce_comment_button_105454">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/251/2023/acp-23-251-2023-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/251/2023/acp-23-251-2023-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/251/2023/acp-23-251-2023-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="© Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="342" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="24"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/22/13783/2022/acp-22-13783-2022-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/22/13783/2022/acp-22-13783-2022-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="Figure based on Reid et al. 2018" data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/22/13783/2022/acp-22-13783-2022-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="460" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 01 Nov 2022</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/22/13783/2022/">Not all types of secondary organic aerosol mix: two phases observed when mixing different secondary organic aerosol types</a> <div class="authors">Fabian Mahrt, Long Peng, Julia Zaks, Yuanzhou Huang, Paul E. Ohno, Natalie R. Smith, Florence K. A. Gregson, Yiming Qin, Celia L. Faiola, Scot T. Martin, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, Markus Ammann, and Allan K. Bertram</div> <div class="citation">Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 13783–13796, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13783-2022,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13783-2022,</span> 2022</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_103008" data-show=".short_summary_103008" data-hide=".short_summary_button_103008" >Short summary</span> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle ce_comment_button_103008 ml-2" data-show=".ce_comment_103008" data-hide=".ce_comment_button_103008">Executive editor</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_103008" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> The number of condensed phases in mixtures of different secondary organic aerosol (SOA) types determines their impact on air quality and climate. Here we observe the number of phases in individual particles that contain mixtures of two different types of SOA. We find that SOA mixtures can form one- or two-phase particles, depending on the difference in the average oxygen-to-carbon (O / C) ratios of the two SOA types that are internally mixed within individual particles. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_103008" data-show=".short_summary_button_103008">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="j-widget__max ce_comment ce_comment_103008 mt-3" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Executive editor</div> <div class="content"> Organic aerosol remain one of the more complex and hard to predict when studying atmospheric aerosols and their influences on air quality, meteorology and climate. Among its many complexities is the phase and viscosity of the organic matter, which dictates how it interacts with other particulate components and the gas phase, in turn affecting growth rates and cloud activation. There have been a number of previous works studying phase separation, where the organic matter becomes immiscible with an aqueous component (containing inorganic salts), but this new letter presents compelling visual evidence that different organic phases are also capable of separation. Different secondary organic aerosol (SOA) mixtures were created and some mixtures exhibited separation, with a factor being the oxygen-to-carbon ratio of the material, likely a surrogate for polarity. If this behaviour is found to be important in atmospheric aerosols this represents a new direction in how these may need to be represented in models. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".ce_comment_103008" data-show=".ce_comment_button_103008">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/22/13783/2022/acp-22-13783-2022-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/22/13783/2022/acp-22-13783-2022-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/22/13783/2022/acp-22-13783-2022-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="Figure based on Reid et al. 2018" data-height="460" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div>  <div class="pswp" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true" >  <div class="pswp__bg"></div>  <div class="pswp__scroll-wrap">  <div class="pswp__container"> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> </div>  <div class="pswp__ui pswp__ui--hidden"> <div class="pswp__top-bar">  <div class="pswp__counter"></div> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--close" title="Close (Esc)"></button> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--fs" title="Toggle fullscreen"></button>   <div class="pswp__preloader"> <div class="pswp__preloader__icn"> <div class="pswp__preloader__cut"> <div class="pswp__preloader__donut"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pswp__share-modal pswp__share-modal--hidden pswp__single-tap"> <div class="pswp__share-tooltip"></div> </div> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--left" title="Previous (arrow left)"> </button> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--right" title="Next (arrow right)"> </button> <div class="pswp__caption "> <div class="pswp__caption__center"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script> $(function (){ $('.recent-selection-wrapper button').click((event) => { event.preventDefault(); 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