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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1956_Summer_Olympics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1956_Summer_Olympics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>1956 Summer Olympics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1956_Summer_Olympics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1960_Summer_Olympics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1960_Summer_Olympics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>1960 Summer Olympics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1960_Summer_Olympics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Olympic_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Olympic_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Post-Olympic career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-Olympic_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Later years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marriage_and_family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marriage_and_family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Marriage and family</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marriage_and_family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death_and_legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death_and_legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Death and legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death_and_legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Awards and honors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Wilma Rudolph</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 48 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%81" title="فيلما رودولف – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فيلما رودولف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84" title="Вілма Рудольф – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вілма Рудольф" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolphov%C3%A1" title="Wilma Rudolphová – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Wilma Rudolphová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%A1%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%86" title="Γουίλμα Ρούντολφ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γουίλμα Ρούντολφ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81" title="ویلما رودالف – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویلما رودالف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A7%88_%EB%A3%A8%EB%8F%8C%ED%94%84" title="윌마 루돌프 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="윌마 루돌프" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%B4%D5%A1_%D5%8C%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A4%D5%B8%D5%AC%D6%86" title="Վիլմա Ռուդոլֆ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վիլմա Ռուդոլֆ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%94_%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A3" title="וילמה רודולף – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="וילמה רודולף" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ვილმა რუდოლფი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვილმა რუდოლფი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilma_R%C5%ABdolfa" title="Vilma Rūdolfa – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vilma Rūdolfa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%AE_%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BE%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D" title="വിൽമ റുഡോൾഫ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വിൽമ റുഡോൾഫ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%81" title="فيلما رودولف – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فيلما رودولف" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84" title="Вильма Рудольф – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Вильма Рудольф" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89%E3%83%AB%E3%83%95" title="ウィルマ・ルドルフ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウィルマ・ルドルフ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilma_Rudolf" title="Vilma Rudolf – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Vilma Rudolf" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84,_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Рудольф, Вилма – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рудольф, Вилма" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%84" title="Вилма Рудолф – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Вилма Рудолф" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%83%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D" title="வில்மா ருடோல்ஃப் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வில்மா ருடோல்ஃப்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8D" title="విల్మా రుడాల్ఫ్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="విల్మా రుడాల్ఫ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%84" title="Вілма Рудолф – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вілма Рудолф" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Wilma Rudolph" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%91%AA%C2%B7%E9%AD%AF%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AB" title="威瑪·魯道夫 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="威瑪·魯道夫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">African American athlete (1940–1994)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Wilma Rudolph</div></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Wilma_Rudolph_1960.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Wilma_Rudolph_1960.jpg/220px-Wilma_Rudolph_1960.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="319" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Wilma_Rudolph_1960.jpg/330px-Wilma_Rudolph_1960.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Wilma_Rudolph_1960.jpg/440px-Wilma_Rudolph_1960.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1364" data-file-height="1980" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Rudolph in 1960</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #CCCC99;">Personal information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Birth name</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Wilma Glodean Rudolph</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Full name</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Wilma Glodean Rudolph<sup id="cite_ref-sports-reference_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sports-reference-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Nickname(s)</span></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Skeeter<sup id="cite_ref-Bio-WR_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bio-WR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />The Black Gazelle<br />The Tornado<br />The Black Pearl<br />The Flash<br />The Track Star</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1940-06-23</span>)</span>June 23, 1940<br /><span class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Bethlehem,_Tennessee" title="Saint Bethlehem, Tennessee">Saint Bethlehem, Tennessee</a>, U.S.</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">November 12, 1994<span style="display:none">(1994-11-12)</span> (aged 54)<br /><span class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Brentwood,_Tennessee" title="Brentwood, Tennessee">Brentwood, Tennessee</a>, U.S.</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Height</th><td class="infobox-data">5 ft 11 in (180 cm)<sup id="cite_ref-sports-reference_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sports-reference-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Weight</th><td class="infobox-data">130 lb (59 kg)<sup id="cite_ref-sports-reference_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sports-reference-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #CCCC99;">Sport</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sport</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Track_and_field" title="Track and field">Track and field</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Club</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_Tigers_and_Lady_Tigers" title="Tennessee State Tigers and Lady Tigers">TSU Tigerbelles</a>, Nashville</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Retired</th><td class="infobox-data">1962</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #CCCC99;">Achievements and titles</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic finals</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/1956_Summer_Olympics" title="1956 Summer Olympics">1956 Summer Olympics</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1960_Summer_Olympics" title="1960 Summer Olympics">1960 Summer Olympics</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #CCCC99;"><div class="mw-collapsible" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%"> <div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="line-height:1.6em; background-color:#ccf; font-size:105%; background-color:transparent;"><div style="margin:0 4em;">Medal record</div></div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size:105%"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151960987">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style> <table class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; background-color:#f9f9f9; color:#000000; font-weight:normal"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0"> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#eeeeee;color:inherit;"><span class="nowrap"> Women's <a href="/wiki/Athletics_(sport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Athletics (sport)">athletics</a></span> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#eeeeee;color:inherit;" class="adr">Representing <span class="country-name"> the <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </span> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#cccccc;color:inherit;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the Summer Olympics">Olympic Games</a></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Gold medal – first place"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1960_Summer_Olympics" title="1960 Summer Olympics">1960 Rome</a> </span></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">100 m</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Gold medal – first place"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="nowrap">1960 Rome </span></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">200 m</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Gold medal – first place"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="nowrap">1960 Rome </span></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">4×100 m relay</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bronze medal – third place"><img alt="Bronze medal – third place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Bronze_medal_icon_%28B_initial%29.svg/16px-Bronze_medal_icon_%28B_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Bronze_medal_icon_%28B_initial%29.svg/24px-Bronze_medal_icon_%28B_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Bronze_medal_icon_%28B_initial%29.svg/32px-Bronze_medal_icon_%28B_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1956_Summer_Olympics" title="1956 Summer Olympics">1956 Melbourne</a> </span></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">4×100 m relay</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div></th></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Wilma Glodean Rudolph</b> (June 23, 1940 – November 12, 1994) was an American <a href="/wiki/Sprint_(running)" title="Sprint (running)">sprinter</a> who overcame childhood polio and went on to become a world-record-holding Olympic champion and international sports icon in <a href="/wiki/Track_and_field" title="Track and field">track and field</a> following her successes in the 1956 and 1960 <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a>. Rudolph competed in the <a href="/wiki/200_metres" title="200 metres">200-meter</a> dash and won a <a href="/wiki/Bronze_medal" title="Bronze medal">bronze medal</a> in the <a href="/wiki/4_x_100_metres_relay" class="mw-redirect" title="4 x 100 metres relay">4 × 100-meter relay</a> at the <a href="/wiki/1956_Summer_Olympics" title="1956 Summer Olympics">1956 Summer Olympics</a> at <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>. She also won three <a href="/wiki/Gold_medal" title="Gold medal">gold medals</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/100_metres" title="100 metres">100-</a> and 200-meter individual events and the 4 x 100-meter relay at the <a href="/wiki/1960_Summer_Olympics" title="1960 Summer Olympics">1960 Summer Olympics</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rudolph was acclaimed the fastest woman in the world in the 1960s and became the first American woman to win three <a href="/wiki/Gold_medal" title="Gold medal">gold medals</a> in track and field during a single Olympic Games.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Due to the worldwide television coverage of the 1960 Summer Olympics, Rudolph became an international star along with other Olympic athletes such as <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Cassius Clay</a> (later known as Muhammad Ali), <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Robertson" title="Oscar Robertson">Oscar Robertson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rafer_Johnson" title="Rafer Johnson">Rafer Johnson</a> who competed in Italy. </p><p>As an Olympic champion in the early 1960s, Rudolph was among the most highly visible black women in America and abroad. She became a role model for black and female athletes and her Olympic successes helped elevate women's track and field in the United States. Rudolph is also regarded as a civil rights and women's rights pioneer. In 1962 Rudolph retired from competition at the peak of her athletic career as the world record-holder in the 100- and 200-meter individual events and the 4 × 100-meter relays. After competing in the 1960 Summer Olympics, the 1963 graduate of <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_University" title="Tennessee State University">Tennessee State University</a> became an educator and coach. Rudolph died of brain and throat cancer in 1994, and her achievements are memorialized in a variety of tributes, including a U.S. postage stamp, documentary films, and a made-for-television movie, as well as in numerous publications, especially books for young readers. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilma_Rudolph&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wilma Rudolph was <a href="/wiki/Preterm_birth" title="Preterm birth">born prematurely</a> to Blanche Rudolph at 4.5 pounds (2.0 kg) on June 23, 1940, in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Bethlehem,_Tennessee" title="Saint Bethlehem, Tennessee">Saint Bethlehem, Tennessee</a> (now part of Clarksville).<sup id="cite_ref-sports-reference_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sports-reference-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NBAW958-61_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NBAW958-61-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was the 20th of 22 children from her father Ed Rudolph's two marriages.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-espn_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LibertiSmith-12_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LibertiSmith-12-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly after Wilma's birth, her family moved to <a href="/wiki/Clarksville,_Tennessee" title="Clarksville, Tennessee">Clarksville, Tennessee</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-NBAW958-61_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NBAW958-61-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where she grew up and attended elementary and high school. Her father, Ed, who worked as a railway porter and did odd jobs in Clarksville, died in 1961; her mother, Blanche, worked as a maid in Clarksville homes and died in 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-guardianolysrs_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardianolysrs-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rudolph had several early childhood illnesses, including pneumonia and scarlet fever, and she contracted <a href="/wiki/Poliomyelitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Poliomyelitis">infantile paralysis</a> (caused by the <a href="/wiki/Poliovirus" title="Poliovirus">poliovirus</a>) at the age of five.<sup id="cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hine-992-93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rudolph recovered from polio but lost strength in her left leg and foot. Physically disabled for much of her early life, Rudolph wore a leg brace until she was 12 years old. Because there was little medical care available to African American residents of Clarksville in the 1940s, Rudolph's parents sought treatment for her at the historically black <a href="/wiki/Meharry_Medical_College" title="Meharry Medical College">Meharry Medical College</a> (now Nashville General Hospital at Meharry) in <a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville, Tennessee</a>, about 50 miles (80 km) from Clarksville.<sup id="cite_ref-LS29_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LS29-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For two years, Rudolph and her mother made weekly bus trips to Nashville for treatments to regain the use of her weakened leg.<sup id="cite_ref-LS29_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LS29-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rudolph also received subsequent at-home massage treatments four times a day from members of her family and wore an orthopedic shoe for support of her foot for another two years.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because of the treatments she received at Meharry and the daily massages from her family members, Rudolph was able to overcome the debilitating effects of polio and learned to walk without a leg brace or orthopedic shoe for support by the time she was 12 years old.<sup id="cite_ref-NBAW958-61_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NBAW958-61-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hine-992-93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rudolph was initially homeschooled due to the frequent illnesses that caused her to miss kindergarten and first grade. Rudolph began attending second grade at Cobb Elementary School in Clarksville in 1947 at age seven.<sup id="cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hine-992-93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She attended Clarksville's all-black Burt High School, where Rudolph excelled in basketball and track. During her senior year of high school, Rudolph became pregnant with her first child, Yolanda, who was born in 1958, a few weeks before her enrollment at <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_University" title="Tennessee State University">Tennessee State University</a> in Nashville.<sup id="cite_ref-Bio-WR_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bio-WR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In college, Rudolph continued to compete in track. She also became a member of the <a href="/wiki/Delta_Sigma_Theta" title="Delta Sigma Theta">Delta Sigma Theta</a> sorority. In 1963, Rudolph graduated from Tennessee State with a bachelor's degree in education. Her college education was paid by her participation in a work-study scholarship program that required Rudolph to work on the TSU campus for two hours a day.<sup id="cite_ref-NBAW958-61_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NBAW958-61-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hine-992-93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-s22_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s22-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilma_Rudolph&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_years">Early years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilma_Rudolph&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rudolph was first introduced to organized sports at Burt High School, the center of Clarksville's African American community. After completing several years of medical treatments to regain the use of her left leg, Rudolph chose to follow in her sister Yvonne's footsteps and began playing basketball in the eighth grade. Rudolph continued to play basketball in high school, where she became a starter on the team and began competing in track. In her sophomore year, Rudolph scored 803 points and set a new record for high school girls' basketball.<sup id="cite_ref-NBAW958-61_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NBAW958-61-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rudolph's high school coach, C. C. Gray, gave her the nickname of "Skeeter" (for mosquito) because she moved so fast.<sup id="cite_ref-guardianolysrs_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardianolysrs-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While playing for her high school basketball team, Rudolph was spotted by <a href="/wiki/Ed_Temple" title="Ed Temple">Ed Temple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_University" title="Tennessee State University">Tennessee State's</a> track and field coach, a major break for the active young athlete. The day that Temple saw the tenth grader for the first time, he knew Rudolph was a natural athlete. She had already gained some track experience on Burt High School's track team two years earlier, mostly as a way to keep busy between basketball seasons.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a high school sophomore, Rudolph competed at <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Tuskegee_University" title="Tuskegee University">Tuskegee Institute</a> in her first major track event. Although she lost the race, Rudolph was determined to continue competing and win.<sup id="cite_ref-NBAW958-61_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NBAW958-61-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Temple invited 14-year-old Rudolph to join his summer training program at Tennessee State. After attending the track camp, Rudolph won all nine events she entered at an <a href="/wiki/Amateur_Athletic_Union" title="Amateur Athletic Union">Amateur Athletic Union</a> track meet in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NBAW958-61_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NBAW958-61-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under Temple's guidance, she continued to train regularly at TSU while still a high school student. Rudolph raced at amateur athletic events with TSU's women's track team, known as the Tigerbelles, for two more years before enrolling at TSU as a student in 1958.<sup id="cite_ref-guardianolysrs_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardianolysrs-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1956_Summer_Olympics">1956 Summer Olympics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilma_Rudolph&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1956 Summer Olympics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When Rudolph was 16 and a junior in high school, she attended the 1956 U.S. Olympic track and field team trials in <a href="/wiki/Seattle,_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle, Washington">Seattle, Washington</a>, and qualified to compete in the <a href="/wiki/200_metres_at_the_Olympics" title="200 metres at the Olympics">200-meter</a> individual event at the <a href="/wiki/1956_Summer_Olympics" title="1956 Summer Olympics">1956 Summer Olympics</a> in <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>. Rudolph, the youngest member of the U.S. Olympic team, was one of five TSU Tigerbelles to qualify for the 1956 Melbourne Olympics.<sup id="cite_ref-Bio-WR_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bio-WR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-t_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-t-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rudolph was defeated in a preliminary heat of the 200-meter race at the Melbourne Olympic Games but ran the third leg of the <a href="/wiki/4_x_100_meters_relay" class="mw-redirect" title="4 x 100 meters relay">4 × 100 m relay</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-RomanConquest_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RomanConquest-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The American team of Rudolph, <a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Daniels" title="Isabelle Daniels">Isabelle Daniels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mae_Faggs" title="Mae Faggs">Mae Faggs</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Matthews" title="Margaret Matthews">Margaret Matthews</a>, all of whom were TSU Tigerbelles, won the <a href="/wiki/Bronze_medal" title="Bronze medal">bronze medal</a>, matching the world-record time of 44.9 seconds. The <a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">British</a> team won the silver medal. The Australian team, with the 100- and 200-meter gold medalist <a href="/wiki/Betty_Cuthbert" title="Betty Cuthbert">Betty Cuthbert</a> as their anchor leg, won the gold medal in a time of 44.5 seconds.<sup id="cite_ref-guardianolysrs_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardianolysrs-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Rudolph returned to her Tennessee home from the Melbourne Olympic Games, Rudolph showed her high school classmates the <a href="/wiki/Bronze_medal" title="Bronze medal">bronze medal</a> that she had won and decided to try to win a gold medal at the <a href="/wiki/1960_Summer_Olympics" title="1960 Summer Olympics">1960 Summer Olympics</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-sports-reference_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sports-reference-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-guardianolysrs_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardianolysrs-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1958, Rudolph enrolled at Tennessee State, where Temple continued as her track coach.<sup id="cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hine-992-93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the <a href="/wiki/Pan_American_Games" title="Pan American Games">Pan American Games</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> the following year, Rudolph won a silver medal in the 100-meter individual event, as well as a gold medal in the 4 × 100-meter relay with teammates <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isabelle_Dan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isabelle Dan (page does not exist)">Isabelle Dan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Joe_(cheerleader)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Joe (cheerleader) (page does not exist)">Barbara Joe</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lucinda_Williams_(athlete)" title="Lucinda Williams (athlete)">Lucinda Williams</a>. She also won the <a href="/wiki/Amateur_Athletic_Union" title="Amateur Athletic Union">AAU</a> 200-meter title in 1959 and defended it for four consecutive years. During her career, Rudolph also won three AAU indoor titles.<sup id="cite_ref-sports-reference_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sports-reference-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1960_Summer_Olympics">1960 Summer Olympics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilma_Rudolph&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1960 Summer Olympics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Giuseppina_leone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Giuseppina_leone.jpg/260px-Giuseppina_leone.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Giuseppina_leone.jpg/390px-Giuseppina_leone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Giuseppina_leone.jpg/520px-Giuseppina_leone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="385" /></a><figcaption>Rudolph wins the women's 100-meter dash at the 1960 Summer Olympics in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a></figcaption></figure> <p>While she was still a sophomore at Tennessee State, Rudolph competed in the U.S. Olympic track and field trials at <a href="/wiki/Abilene_Christian_University" title="Abilene Christian University">Abilene Christian University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas">Abilene, Texas</a>, where she set a world record in the 200-meter dash that stood for eight years. Rudolph also qualified for the <a href="/wiki/1960_Summer_Olympics" title="1960 Summer Olympics">1960 Summer Olympics</a> in the <a href="/wiki/100_meters_at_the_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="100 meters at the Olympics">100-meter</a> dash.<sup id="cite_ref-NBAW958-61_7-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NBAW958-61-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the <a href="/wiki/1960_Summer_Olympics" title="1960 Summer Olympics">1960 Summer Olympics</a> in Rome, Italy, Rudolph competed in three events on a <a href="/wiki/Cinder_track" title="Cinder track">cinder track</a> in Rome's <a href="/wiki/Stadio_Olimpico" title="Stadio Olimpico">Stadio Olimpico</a>: the 100- and 200-meter sprints, as well as the 4 × 100-meter relay. Rudolph, who won a gold medal in each of these events, became the first American woman to win three gold medals in a single Olympiad.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-espn_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rudolph ran the finals in the 100-meter dash in a wind-aided time of 11.0 seconds. (The record-setting time was not credited as a <a href="/wiki/List_of_world_records_in_athletics" title="List of world records in athletics">world record</a>, because the wind, at 2.75 metres (3.01 yd) per second, exceeded the maximum of 2 metres (2.2 yd).) Rudolph became the first American woman to win a gold medal in the 100-meter race since Helen Stephens did so in the <a href="/wiki/1936_Summer_Olympics" title="1936 Summer Olympics">1936 Summer Olympics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-espn_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RomanConquest_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RomanConquest-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rudolph won another gold medal in the finals of the 200-meter dash with a time of 24.0 seconds, after setting a new Olympic record of 23.2 seconds in the opening heat.<sup id="cite_ref-Bio-WR_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bio-WR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After these wins, she was hailed throughout the world as "the fastest woman in history."<sup id="cite_ref-Bio-WR_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bio-WR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On September 7, 1960, the temperature climbed toward 40 °C (104 °F) as thousands of spectators jammed the stadium. Rudolph combined efforts with her Olympic teammates from Tennessee State—<a href="/wiki/Martha_Hudson" title="Martha Hudson">Martha Hudson</a>, Lucinda Williams, and Barbara Jones—to win the 4 × 100-meter relays with a time of 44.5 seconds, after setting a world record of 44.4 seconds in the semifinals. Rudolph ran the anchor leg for the American team in the finals and nearly dropped the baton after a pass from Williams, but she overtook Germany's anchor leg to win the relay in a close finish.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-guardianolysrs_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardianolysrs-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rudolph had a special, personal reason to hope for victory—to pay tribute to <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Owens" title="Jesse Owens">Jesse Owens</a>, the celebrated American athlete and star of the <a href="/wiki/1936_Summer_Olympics" title="1936 Summer Olympics">1936 Summer Olympics</a> in <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, who had been her inspiration.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rudolph was one of the most popular athletes of the 1960 Rome Olympics and emerged from the Olympic Games as "The Tornado, the fastest woman on earth."<sup id="cite_ref-Biracree82_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biracree82-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Italians nicknamed her "La Gazzella Nera" ("The Black Gazelle").<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The French called her "La Perle Noire" ("The Black Pearl"), as well as "La Chattanooga Choo-Choo.<sup id="cite_ref-Biracree82_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biracree82-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Time-FastestFemale_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Time-FastestFemale-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Along with other 1960 Olympic athletes such as <a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay" class="mw-redirect" title="Cassius Clay">Cassius Clay</a> (later known as Muhammad Ali), <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Robertson" title="Oscar Robertson">Oscar Robertson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rafer_Johnson" title="Rafer Johnson">Rafer Johnson</a>, Rudolph became an international star due to the first worldwide television coverage of the Olympics that year.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1960 Rome Olympics launched her into the public spotlight and the media cast her as America's athletic "leading lady" and a "queen," with praises of Rudolph's athletic accomplishments as well as her feminine beauty and poise.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Olympic_career">Post-Olympic career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilma_Rudolph&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Post-Olympic career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wilma_Rudolph.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Wilma_Rudolph.jpg/220px-Wilma_Rudolph.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Wilma_Rudolph.jpg/330px-Wilma_Rudolph.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Wilma_Rudolph.jpg/440px-Wilma_Rudolph.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2649" data-file-height="2515" /></a><figcaption>Rudolph at the finish line during the 50-yard dash at the track meet at Madison Square Garden in 1961</figcaption></figure> <p>Rudolph returned home to Clarksville after completing a post-games European tour, where she and her Olympic teammates competed in meets in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, and at other venues in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>. Rudolph's hometown of Clarksville celebrated "Welcome Wilma Day" on October 4, 1960, with a full day of festivities. Governor Buford Ellington had created these plans to welcome Rudolph home with a parade. Ellington was elected because he had old fashioned segregationist beliefs. This was the complete opposite of what Rudolph stood for. Rudolph heard this and refused to attend her own celebration of it being segregated. Due to the concert of Rudolph not attending her own event, the parade was changed to be integrated. She makes everlasting history by standing up for what she believes in as this marks the first ever integrated event in her hometown of Clarksville, Tennessee. An estimated 1,100 attended the banquet in Rudolph's honor and thousands lined the city streets to watch the parade.<sup id="cite_ref-guardianolysrs_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardianolysrs-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rudolph's gold-medal victories in Rome also "propelled her to become one of the most highly visible black women across the United States and around the world."<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her Olympic star status also "gave an enormous boost to the indoor track circuit in the months following the Olympic Games in Rome."<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1961, Rudolph competed in the prestigious, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Invitational" title="Los Angeles Invitational">Los Angeles Invitational</a> indoor track meet, where thousands turned out to watch her run. Besides, Rudolph was invited to compete in <a href="/wiki/New_York_Athletic_Club" title="New York Athletic Club">New York Athletic Club</a> track events and became the first woman invited to compete at the Millrose Games. She was also invited to compete at the <a href="/wiki/Penn_Relays" title="Penn Relays">Penn Relays</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Drake_Relays" title="Drake Relays">Drake Relays</a>, among others.<sup id="cite_ref-NBAW958-61_7-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NBAW958-61-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following Rudolph's Olympic victories, the United States Information Agency made a 10-minute documentary film, <i>Wilma Rudolph: Olympic Champion</i> (1961), to highlight her accomplishments on the track.<sup id="cite_ref-LS83-85_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LS83-85-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rudolph's appearance in 1960 on <i><a href="/wiki/To_Tell_the_Truth" title="To Tell the Truth">To Tell the Truth</a></i>, an American television game show, and later as a guest on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Ed_Sullivan_Show" title="The Ed Sullivan Show">The Ed Sullivan Show</a></i> also helped promote her status as an iconic sports star.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1961, Rudolph married William Ward, a North Carolina College at Durham track team member;<sup id="cite_ref-Eagle_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eagle-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> they divorced in 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-LS-98_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LS-98-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the interim, Rudolph retired from track competition at age 22, following victories in the 100-meter and 4 x 100-meter-relay races at the U.S.–<a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> meet at Stanford University in 1962.<sup id="cite_ref-USATF_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USATF-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time of her retirement, Rudolph was still the world record-holder in the 100-meter (11.2 seconds set on July 19, 1961), 200-meter (22.9 seconds set on July 9, 1960), and 4 x 100-meter-relay events. She had also won seven national AAU sprint titles and set the women's indoor track record of 6.9 seconds in the 60-yard dash. As Rudolph explained it, she retired at the peak of her athletic career because Rudolph wanted to leave the sport while still at her best. As such, Rudolph did not compete at the <a href="/wiki/1964_Summer_Olympic_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="1964 Summer Olympic Games">1964 Summer Olympic Games</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-RomanConquest_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RomanConquest-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USATF_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USATF-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> saying, "If I won two gold medals, there would be something lacking. I'll stick with the glory I've already won like Jesse Owens did in 1936."<sup id="cite_ref-RomanConquest_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RomanConquest-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After retiring from competition, Rudolph continued her education at Tennessee State and earned a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">bachelor's degree</a> in elementary education in 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hine-992-93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-s22_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s22-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same year, she made a month-long trip to <a href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">West Africa</a> as a goodwill ambassador for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">U.S State Department</a>. Rudolph served as U.S. representative to the 1963 Friendship Games in <a href="/wiki/Dakar" title="Dakar">Dakar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a>, and visited <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Upper_Volta" title="Republic of Upper Volta">Upper Volta</a>, where she attended sporting events, visited schools, and made guest appearances on television and radio broadcasts. Rudolph also attended the premiere of the U.S. Information Agency's documentary film that highlighted her track career.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 1963, a few weeks after returning from <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, Rudolph participated in a civil rights protest in her hometown of Clarksville to desegregate one of the city's restaurants. Within a short time, the mayor announced that the city's public facilities, including its restaurants, would become fully integrated.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rudolph also married Robert Eldridge, who had fathered her child when she was in high school, later that year. The couple had three additional children,<sup id="cite_ref-NBAW958-61_7-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NBAW958-61-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hine-992-93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but divorced after 17 years of marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-s23_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s23-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_years">Later years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilma_Rudolph&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Later years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rudolph did not earn significant money as an amateur athlete and shifted to a career in teaching and coaching after her retirement from track competition.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She began as a second-grade teacher at Cobb Elementary School, where Rudolph had attended as a child, and coached track at Burt High School, where she had once been a student-athlete herself,<sup id="cite_ref-NBAW958-61_7-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NBAW958-61-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but conflict forced Rudolph to leave the position.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Rudolph moved several times over the years and lived in various places such as Chicago, Illinois; <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>; <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">Saint Louis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>; <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>; Tennessee; <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-t_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-t-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rudolph's autobiography, <i>Wilma: The Story of Wilma Rudolph</i>, was published in 1977. It served as the basis for several other publications and films. By 2014, at least 21 books on Rudolph's life had been published for children from pre-school youth to high school students.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to teaching, Rudolph worked for nonprofit organizations and government-sponsored projects that supported athletic development among American children. In <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, she became involved in the federal <a href="/wiki/Job_Corps" title="Job Corps">Job Corps</a> program, and Rudolph served as a track specialist for Operation Champion in 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-NBAW958-61_7-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NBAW958-61-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bio1_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio1-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1981, Rudolph established and led the Wilma Rudolph Foundation, a nonprofit organization based in Indianapolis, Indiana, that trains youth athletes.<sup id="cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hine-992-93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Six years later, she joined <a href="/wiki/DePauw_University" title="DePauw University">DePauw University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Greencastle,_Indiana" title="Greencastle, Indiana">Greencastle, Indiana</a>, as director of its women's track program and served as a consultant on minority affairs to the university's president.<sup id="cite_ref-Depauw_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Depauw-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rudolph went on to host a local television show in Indianapolis. She was also a publicist for Universal Studios as well as a television sports commentator for <a href="/wiki/ESPN_on_ABC" title="ESPN on ABC">ABC Sports</a> during the <a href="/wiki/1984_Summer_Olympics" title="1984 Summer Olympics">1984 Summer Olympics</a> in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, and lit the cauldron to open the Pan American Games in Indianapolis in 1987 in front of 80,000 spectators at the <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Motor_Speedway" title="Indianapolis Motor Speedway">Indianapolis Motor Speedway</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Depauw_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Depauw-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1992, two years before her untimely death, Rudolph became a vice president at Nashville's Baptist Hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-t_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-t-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marriage_and_family">Marriage and family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilma_Rudolph&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Marriage and family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rudolph dated boxing legend <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a> during the early 1960s. She was married twice, with both marriages ending in divorce. On October 14, 1961, Rudolph married William "Willie" Ward, a member of the <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Central_University" title="North Carolina Central University">North Carolina College</a> at Durham track team.<sup id="cite_ref-Eagle_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eagle-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They divorced in May 1963. After her graduation from Tennessee State in 1963, Rudolph married Robert Eldridge, her high school sweetheart, with whom she already had a daughter, Yolanda, born in 1958.<sup id="cite_ref-s22_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s22-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rudolph and Eldridge had four children: two daughters (Yolanda, born in 1958, and Djuanna, born in 1964) and two sons (Robert Jr., born in 1965, and Xurry, born in 1971).<sup id="cite_ref-espn_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-s22_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s22-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bio1_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio1-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They got divorced in 1980. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death_and_legacy">Death and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilma_Rudolph&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Death and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In July 1994 (shortly after her mother's death), Rudolph was diagnosed with <a href="/wiki/Brain_tumor" title="Brain tumor">brain cancer</a>. She also had been diagnosed with throat cancer. Her condition deteriorated rapidly, and Rudolph died on November 12, 1994, at her home in <a href="/wiki/Brentwood,_Tennessee" title="Brentwood, Tennessee">Brentwood</a>, a suburb of Nashville, Tennessee; she was only 54 years old.<sup id="cite_ref-sports-reference_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sports-reference-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rudolph's legacy lies in her efforts to overcome obstacles that included childhood illnesses and a physical disability to become the fastest woman runner in the world in 1960. At the 1960 Rome Olympics, Rudolph became the first American woman to win three gold medals in a single Olympiad. Rudolph was one of the first role models for black and female athletes. Her Olympic success "gave a tremendous boost to women's track in the United States."<sup id="cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hine-992-93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rudolph's celebrity also caused gender barriers to be broken at previously all-male track and field events such as the Millrose Games.<sup id="cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hine-992-93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to her athletic accomplishments, Rudolph is remembered for her contributions to youth, including founding and heading the Wilma Rudolph Foundation, which trains youth athletes.<sup id="cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hine-992-93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her life is remembered in numerous publications, especially books for young readers. Rudolph's life has been featured in documentary films and made-for-television movies too: </p> <ul><li>Walter de Hoog directed <i>Wilma Rudolph: Olympic Champion</i> (1961), the United States Information Agency's ten-minute film documentary of her accomplishments on the track.<sup id="cite_ref-LS83-85_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LS83-85-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 1977, <a href="/wiki/Bud_Greenspan" title="Bud Greenspan">Bud Greenspan</a> produced <i>Wilma</i> (also known as <i>The Story of Wilma Rudolph</i>), a made-for-television <a href="/wiki/Docudrama" title="Docudrama">docudrama</a> adaptation of her autobiography starring Shirley Jo Finney as Rudolph and costarring <a href="/wiki/Cicely_Tyson" title="Cicely Tyson">Cicely Tyson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jason_Bernard" title="Jason Bernard">Jason Bernard</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Denzel_Washington" title="Denzel Washington">Denzel Washington</a> in one of his first roles.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2015, Positive Edge Education Ltd. commissioned Pixel Revolution Films, a <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>-based film company, to produce three short inspiration dramas to be screened in schools, including one about Rudolph's life. <i>Unlimited</i> (2015) was written and directed by Ian and Dominic Higgins.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilma_Rudolph&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Awards and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WilmaRudolphFOEAward.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/WilmaRudolphFOEAward.jpg/170px-WilmaRudolphFOEAward.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/WilmaRudolphFOEAward.jpg/255px-WilmaRudolphFOEAward.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/WilmaRudolphFOEAward.jpg/340px-WilmaRudolphFOEAward.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Rudolph receiving a <a href="/wiki/Fraternal_Order_of_Eagles" title="Fraternal Order of Eagles">Fraternal Order of Eagles</a> Award with <a href="/wiki/Roger_Maris" title="Roger Maris">Roger Maris</a> <i>(left)</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Rudolph was named <a href="/wiki/United_Press_International" title="United Press International">United Press International</a> Athlete of the Year (1960) and <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press_Athlete_of_the_Year" title="Associated Press Athlete of the Year">Associated Press Woman Athlete of the Year</a> (1960 and 1961). She was also the recipient of the <a href="/wiki/James_E._Sullivan_Award" title="James E. Sullivan Award">James E. Sullivan Award</a> (1960) for the top amateur athlete in the United States and the <a href="/wiki/Babe_Didrikson_Zaharias" title="Babe Didrikson Zaharias">Babe Didrikson Zaharias</a> Award (1962). In addition, Rudolph had a private meeting with <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Oval_Office" title="Oval Office">Oval Office</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-s22_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s22-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bio1_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio1-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rudolph was also honored with the National Sports Award (1993).<sup id="cite_ref-s23_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s23-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rudolph was inducted into several women's and sports halls of fame: </p> <ul><li>Black Sports Hall of Fame (1973)<sup id="cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hine-992-93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>U.S. National Track and Field Hall of Fame (1974)<sup id="cite_ref-espn_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USATF_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USATF-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Olympic_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Olympic Hall of Fame">U.S. Olympic Hall of Fame</a> (1983)<sup id="cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hine-992-93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="National Women's Hall of Fame">National Women's Hall of Fame</a> (1994)<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>National Black Sports and Entertainment Hall of Fame (2001)<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>In 1984, the Women's Sports Foundation selected Rudolph as one of the five greatest women athletes in the United States. In 1996, the foundation presented its first <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilma_Rudolph_Courage_Award&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilma Rudolph Courage Award (page does not exist)">Wilma Rudolph Courage Award</a> to <a href="/wiki/Jackie_Joyner-Kersee" title="Jackie Joyner-Kersee">Jackie Joyner-Kersee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hine-992-93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1994, a portion of <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_79" title="U.S. Route 79">U.S. Route 79</a> was named <a href="/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph_Boulevard" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilma Rudolph Boulevard">Wilma Rudolph Boulevard</a>, extending from Interstate 24, exit 4, in Clarksville to the Red River (Lynnwood-Tarpley) bridge near the Kraft Street intersection.<sup id="cite_ref-s23_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s23-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 21, 1995, the Wilma Rudolph Memorial Commission placed a black <a href="/wiki/Marble" title="Marble">marble</a> marker at her grave site in Edgefield Missionary Baptist Church.<sup id="cite_ref-bio1_40-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio1-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 1996, a life-size bronze statue of Rudolph was erected "at the southern end of the Cumberland River Walk at the base of the Pedestrian Overpass" at College Street and Riverside Drive in Clarksville.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, the city of Clarksville, TN built the Wilma Rudolph Event Center, located at Liberty Park on Cumberland Drive. The life-size bronze statue was moved there from its previous location at Riverside Drive, and stands there now near the entrance of the building. </p><p>On December 2, 1980, Tennessee State University named its indoor track in Rudolph's honor.<sup id="cite_ref-t_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-t-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On August 11, 1995 (nine months after Rudolph's death), Tennessee State University dedicated a new, six-story dormitory as the Wilma G. Rudolph Residence Center. The building houses upper class and graduate women. It provides Wi-Fi access and includes a computer lab, beauty salon, and cafeteria.<sup id="cite_ref-t_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-t-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1997, Governor <a href="/wiki/Don_Sundquist" title="Don Sundquist">Don Sundquist</a> proclaimed that June 23 be known as "Wilma Rudolph Day" in Tennessee.<sup id="cite_ref-bio1_40-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio1-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The December 29, 1999, issue of <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a></i> ranked Rudolph first on its list of the top 50 greatest sports figures of the twentieth-century from Tennessee.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ESPN ranked Rudolph forty-first in its listing of the twentieth century's greatest athletes.<sup id="cite_ref-s23_38-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s23-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the withdrawal of U.S. troops from Berlin in 1994, Berlin American High School (BAHS) was turned over to the people of Berlin and became the "Gesamtschule Am Hegewinkel". The school was renamed the "Wilma Rudolph Oberschule" in her honor in summer 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 14, 2004, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Postal_Service" title="United States Postal Service">U.S. Postal Service</a> issued a 23-cent postage stamp, the fifth in its <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Americans_series" title="Distinguished Americans series">Distinguished Americans series</a>, in recognition of her accomplishments.<sup id="cite_ref-USPS_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USPS-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilma_Rudolph&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Roman_bronze_copy_of_Myron%E2%80%99s_Discobolos%2C_2nd_century_CE_%28Glyptothek_Munich%29.jpg/17px-Roman_bronze_copy_of_Myron%E2%80%99s_Discobolos%2C_2nd_century_CE_%28Glyptothek_Munich%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="17" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Roman_bronze_copy_of_Myron%E2%80%99s_Discobolos%2C_2nd_century_CE_%28Glyptothek_Munich%29.jpg/26px-Roman_bronze_copy_of_Myron%E2%80%99s_Discobolos%2C_2nd_century_CE_%28Glyptothek_Munich%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Roman_bronze_copy_of_Myron%E2%80%99s_Discobolos%2C_2nd_century_CE_%28Glyptothek_Munich%29.jpg/35px-Roman_bronze_copy_of_Myron%E2%80%99s_Discobolos%2C_2nd_century_CE_%28Glyptothek_Munich%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2030" data-file-height="3274" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Sport_of_athletics" title="Portal:Sport of athletics">Sport of athletics portal</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilma_Rudolph&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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href="#cite_ref-sports-reference_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sports-reference_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px 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.cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141113083713/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ru/wilma-rudolph-1.html">"Wilma Rudolph"</a>. <i>sports-reference.com</i>. Sports Reference. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ru/wilma-rudolph-1.html">the original</a> on November 13, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 27,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sports-reference.com&rft.atitle=Wilma+Rudolph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sports-reference.com%2Folympics%2Fathletes%2Fru%2Fwilma-rudolph-1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bio-WR-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bio-WR_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bio-WR_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bio-WR_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bio-WR_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bio-WR_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biography.com/people/wilma-rudolph-9466552rudolph-9466552">"Wilma Rudolph Biography"</a>. <i>Biography.com</i>. A&E Television Networks. June 19, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biography.com&rft.atitle=Wilma+Rudolph+Biography&rft.date=2016-06-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biography.com%2Fpeople%2Fwilma-rudolph-9466552rudolph-9466552&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged April 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Women on the Scene Cleveland, Ohio." <i>Milwaukee Star</i>, vol. VIII, no. 80, 12 Apr. 1969, p. Page 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://olympics.com/en/news/ethelda-bleibtrey-the-trailblazer-for-women-s-swimming-who-was-arrested-due-to-h">"Ethelda Bleibtrey, the trailblazer for women's swimming who was arrested due to her swimsuit"</a>. <i>Olympics.com</i>. June 27, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 3,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Olympics.com&rft.atitle=Ethelda+Bleibtrey%2C+the+trailblazer+for+women%27s+swimming+who+was+arrested+due+to+her+swimsuit&rft.date=2023-06-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Folympics.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fethelda-bleibtrey-the-trailblazer-for-women-s-swimming-who-was-arrested-due-to-h&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://usopm.org/helene-madison/">"Helene Madison"</a>. <i>usopm.org</i>. 21 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 3,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=usopm.org&rft.atitle=Helene+Madison&rft.date=2019-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fusopm.org%2Fhelene-madison%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiberti2015" class="citation book cs1">Liberti, Rita (2015). <i>(Re) Presenting Wilma Rudolph</i>. 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Haney, "Wilma Rudolph" in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith,_Jessie_Carnie1992" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Jessie Carnie, ed. (1992). <i>Notable Black American Women</i>. Detroit: Gale Research. pp. 958–61.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Notable+Black+American+Women&rft.place=Detroit&rft.pages=958-61&rft.pub=Gale+Research&rft.date=1992&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bbc_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/11/newsid_3554000/3554568.stm">"1960: Rudolph takes third Olympic gold"</a>. BBC. 11 September 1960<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=1960%3A+Rudolph+takes+third+Olympic+gold&rft.date=1960-09-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fonthisday%2Fhi%2Fdates%2Fstories%2Fseptember%2F11%2Fnewsid_3554000%2F3554568.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-espn-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-espn_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFM._B._Roberts" class="citation web cs1">M. B. Roberts. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/sportscentury/features/00016444.html">"Rudolph ran and world went wild"</a>. ESPN<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>. <q>Rudolph grew up in a poor family, the 20th of her father Ed's 22 children (from two marriages). Although she never shared a home with all her siblings and half-siblings at once, there were still plenty of brothers and sisters to serve as "lookouts" if she mischievously removed her braces. Her brothers and sisters took turns massaging her crippled leg every day. Once a week her mother Blanche, a domestic worker, drove her 90 miles roundtrip to a Nashville hospital for therapy.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rudolph+ran+and+world+went+wild&rft.pub=ESPN&rft.au=M.+B.+Roberts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fsportscentury%2Ffeatures%2F00016444.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LibertiSmith-12-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LibertiSmith-12_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRita_Liberti_and_Maureen_M._Smith2015" class="citation book cs1">Rita Liberti and Maureen M. Smith (2015). <i>(Re)Presenting Wilma Rudolph</i>. Sports and Entertainment. Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press. p. 12. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-3384-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-3384-6"><bdi>978-0-8156-3384-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%28Re%29Presenting+Wilma+Rudolph&rft.place=Syracuse%2C+New+York&rft.series=Sports+and+Entertainment&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-8156-3384-6&rft.au=Rita+Liberti+and+Maureen+M.+Smith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-guardianolysrs-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-guardianolysrs_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-guardianolysrs_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-guardianolysrs_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-guardianolysrs_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-guardianolysrs_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-guardianolysrs_11-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-guardianolysrs_11-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRob_Bagchi2012" class="citation news cs1">Rob Bagchi (June 1, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2012/jun/01/50-stunning-olympic-moments-wilma-rudolph">"50 stunning Olympic moments No35: Wilma Rudolph's triple gold in 1960"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=50+stunning+Olympic+moments+No35%3A+Wilma+Rudolph%27s+triple+gold+in+1960&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.au=Rob+Bagchi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsport%2Fblog%2F2012%2Fjun%2F01%2F50-stunning-olympic-moments-wilma-rudolph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hine-992-93-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hine-992-93_12-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brenda Meese, "Wilma Glodean Rudolph" in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHine,_Darlene_Clark,_Elsa_Barkley_Brown,_and_Rosalyn_Terborg-Penn,_eds.1993" class="citation book cs1">Hine, Darlene Clark, Elsa Barkley Brown, and Rosalyn Terborg-Penn, eds. (1993). <i>Black Women in American: A Historical Encyclopedia</i>. Vol. II. Bloomington, Indiana: IU Press. pp. 992–93.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Black+Women+in+American%3A+A+Historical+Encyclopedia&rft.place=Bloomington%2C+Indiana&rft.pages=992-93&rft.pub=IU+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.au=Hine%2C+Darlene+Clark%2C+Elsa+Barkley+Brown%2C+and+Rosalyn+Terborg-Penn%2C+eds.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|author=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LS29-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LS29_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LS29_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Liberti and Smith, p. 29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartha_Ward_Plowden1996" class="citation book cs1">Martha Ward Plowden (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/olympicblackwome00plow/page/121"><i>Olympic Black Women</i></a>. Tennessee State University Library: Pelican Publishing Company. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/olympicblackwome00plow/page/121">121</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56554-080-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-56554-080-8"><bdi>1-56554-080-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Olympic+Black+Women&rft.place=Tennessee+State+University+Library&rft.pages=121&rft.pub=Pelican+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=1-56554-080-8&rft.au=Martha+Ward+Plowden&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Folympicblackwome00plow%2Fpage%2F121&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Liberti and Smith, pp. 124–25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-s22-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-s22_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-s22_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-s22_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-s22_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-s22_16-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith (2006), p. xxii.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Biracree (1988), p. 47</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-t-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-t_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-t_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-t_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-t_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-t_18-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBobby_Lovett2016" class="citation web cs1">Bobby Lovett (June 20, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tnstate.edu/library/documents/Rudolph.pdf">"Wilma Rudolph and the TSU Tigerbelles"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Tennessee State University</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tennessee+State+University&rft.atitle=Wilma+Rudolph+and+the+TSU+Tigerbelles&rft.date=2016-06-20&rft.au=Bobby+Lovett&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tnstate.edu%2Flibrary%2Fdocuments%2FRudolph.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span> See also: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBobby_Lovett2012" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Lovett" title="Bobby Lovett">Bobby Lovett</a> (March 1, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entry.php?rec=1156">"Wilma Rudolph (1940–1994) and the TSU Tigerbelles"</a>. <i>Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture Version 2 (online edition)</i>. University of Tennessee Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-02-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Wilma+Rudolph+%281940%E2%80%931994%29+and+the+TSU+Tigerbelles&rft.btitle=Tennessee+Encyclopedia+of+History+and+Culture+Version+2+%28online+edition%29&rft.pub=University+of+Tennessee+Press&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft.au=Bobby+Lovett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftennesseeencyclopedia.net%2Fentry.php%3Frec%3D1156&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RomanConquest-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RomanConquest_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RomanConquest_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RomanConquest_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RomanConquest_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLarry_Schwartz" class="citation web cs1">Larry Schwartz. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/sportscentury/features/00016446.html">"Her Roman Conquest"</a>. ESPN<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Her+Roman+Conquest&rft.pub=ESPN&rft.au=Larry+Schwartz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fsportscentury%2Ffeatures%2F00016446.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Biracree (1988), p. 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Biracree82-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Biracree82_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Biracree82_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Tom Biracree (1988), <i>Wilma Rudolph</i>, p. 82.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJan_Onofrio1999" class="citation book cs1">Jan Onofrio (1 June 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zyw4bSvQxJUC&pg=RA1-PA228"><i>Tennessee Biographical Dictionary</i></a>. North American Book Dist LLC. p. 1. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-403-09700-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-403-09700-5"><bdi>978-0-403-09700-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tennessee+Biographical+Dictionary&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=North+American+Book+Dist+LLC&rft.date=1999-06-01&rft.isbn=978-0-403-09700-5&rft.au=Jan+Onofrio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dzyw4bSvQxJUC%26pg%3DRA1-PA228&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Time-FastestFemale-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Time-FastestFemale_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070306125327/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,826652,00.html">"The Fastest Female"</a>. <i>Time Time</i>. September 19, 1960. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,826652,00.html">the original</a> on March 6, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time+Time&rft.atitle=The+Fastest+Female&rft.date=1960-09-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C826652%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"'Sportin Life' with Dennis J. Harrington Wilma Rudolph' a Sprinter Named Desire'." <i>Chicago Metro News</i>, 12 July 1975, p. PAGE 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmy_Ruth2000" class="citation book cs1">Amy Ruth (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wilmarudolph00ruth/page/34"><i>Wilma Rudolph</i></a>. New York: Lerner Publications. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wilmarudolph00ruth/page/34">34, 61</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8225-4976-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8225-4976-5"><bdi>978-0-8225-4976-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wilma+Rudolph&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=34%2C+61&rft.pub=Lerner+Publications&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-8225-4976-5&rft.au=Amy+Ruth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwilmarudolph00ruth%2Fpage%2F34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span> See also: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarroll_Van_West1998" class="citation book cs1">Carroll Van West (1998). <i>Tennessee Encyclopedia of History & Culture</i>. Nashville: Tennessee Historical Society and Rutledge Hill Press. p. 813. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1558535993" title="Special:BookSources/1558535993"><bdi>1558535993</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tennessee+Encyclopedia+of+History+%26+Culture&rft.place=Nashville&rft.pages=813&rft.pub=Tennessee+Historical+Society+and+Rutledge+Hill+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=1558535993&rft.au=Carroll+Van+West&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Liberti and Smith, pp. 42, 46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Liberti and Smith, pp. 18–19, 39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Liberti and Smith, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Liberti and Smith, p. 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Liberti and Smith, pp. 49–50, 55.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LS83-85-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LS83-85_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LS83-85_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Liberti and Smith, pp. 83–85.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Liberti and Smith, pp. 16, 42, 46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eagle-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Eagle_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Eagle_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/eagle1960nort"><i>The Eagle</i></a>. Vol. 1960. Durham: North Carolina Central University. 1960.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Eagle&rft.place=Durham&rft.pub=North+Carolina+Central+University&rft.date=1960&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Feagle1960nort&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LS-98-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LS-98_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Liberti and Smith, p. 98.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USATF-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USATF_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USATF_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USATF_35-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130423092652/http://www.usatf.org/HallOfFame/TF/showBio.asp?HOFIDs=141">"Wilma Rudolph"</a>. USA Track and Field. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legacy.usatf.org/HallOfFame/TF/showBio.asp?HOFIDs=141">the original</a> on April 23, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 16,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wilma+Rudolph&rft.pub=USA+Track+and+Field&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legacy.usatf.org%2FHallOfFame%2FTF%2FshowBio.asp%3FHOFIDs%3D141&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Liberti and Smith, pp. 91–94.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Liberti and Smith, pp. 88, 96.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-s23-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-s23_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-s23_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-s23_38-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-s23_38-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith (2006), p. xxiii.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Liberti and Smith, pp. 14–15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bio1-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bio1_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio1_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio1_40-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio1_40-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio1_40-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121104072633/http://www.lkwdpl.org/wihohio/rudo-wil.htm">"Wilma Rudolph biography"</a>. Women in History. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lkwdpl.org/wihohio/rudo-wil.htm">the original</a> on 2012-11-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 11,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wilma+Rudolph+biography&rft.pub=Women+in+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lkwdpl.org%2Fwihohio%2Frudo-wil.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Depauw-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Depauw_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Depauw_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110807035927/http://www.depauw.edu/news/index.asp?id=21712">"Olympic Gold Medalist Wilma Rudolph Joins DePauw Team"</a>. DePauw University. January 14, 1987. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.depauw.edu/news/index.asp?id=21712">the original</a> on August 7, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Olympic+Gold+Medalist+Wilma+Rudolph+Joins+DePauw+Team&rft.pub=DePauw+University&rft.date=1987-01-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.depauw.edu%2Fnews%2Findex.asp%3Fid%3D21712&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilma_L._Moore2012" class="citation journal cs1">Wilma L. Moore (Fall 2012). "Everyday People: Champions and History Makers". <i>Traces of Indiana and Midwestern History</i>. <b>24</b> (4). Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society: 26–29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Traces+of+Indiana+and+Midwestern+History&rft.atitle=Everyday+People%3A+Champions+and+History+Makers&rft.ssn=fall&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=26-29&rft.date=2012&rft.au=Wilma+L.+Moore&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnita_Verschoth1964" class="citation magazine cs1">Anita Verschoth (September 7, 1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20131116090725/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1076342/">"Slight Change Of Pace For Wilma"</a>. <i>Sports Illustrated</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1076342/">the original</a> on November 16, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=Slight+Change+Of+Pace+For+Wilma&rft.date=1964-09-07&rft.au=Anita+Verschoth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsportsillustrated.cnn.com%2Fvault%2Farticle%2Fmagazine%2FMAG1076342%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles_Chamberlain1973" class="citation journal cs1">Charles Chamberlain (February 22, 1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2202&dat=19730222&id=i55cAAAAIBAJ&pg=6736,4123510">"Will Wilma Rudolph Eldridge's Daughter Add To Three Olympic Gold Medals Her Mom Won In International Competition?"</a>. <i>Gettysburg Times</i>: 14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gettysburg+Times&rft.atitle=Will+Wilma+Rudolph+Eldridge%27s+Daughter+Add+To+Three+Olympic+Gold+Medals+Her+Mom+Won+In+International+Competition%3F&rft.pages=14&rft.date=1973-02-22&rft.au=Charles+Chamberlain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D2202%26dat%3D19730222%26id%3Di55cAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6736%2C4123510&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmy_Ruth2000" class="citation book cs1">Amy Ruth (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rBq3xO9far0C&pg=PA97ID"><i>Wilma Rudolph</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Black+Hall+of+Fame+Is+Honoring+Entertainment+and+Sports+Stars&rft.date=2001-08-29&rft.au=Amy+Waldman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2001%2F08%2F29%2Fnyregion%2Fblack-hall-of-fame-is-honoring-entertainment-and-sports-stars.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.upi.com/Archives/2001/08/30/Black-Sports-and-Entertainment-Hall-of-Fame/3424999144000/">"Black Sports and Entertainment Hall of Fame"</a>. <i>UPI Archives</i>. UPI. August 30, 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wilma+Rudolph+Courage+Award&rft.pub=Women%27s+Sports+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.womensportsfoundation.org%2Fcgi-bin%2Fiowa%2Fabout%2Fawards%2Fresults.html%3Frecord%3D14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090804125453/http://www.clarksville.tn.us/info-html/what_to_see.html">"What To See: Wilma Rudolph Statue"</a>. Clarksville-Montgomery County Economic Development Council. August 4, 2009. Archived from the original on August 4, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+To+See%3A+Wilma+Rudolph+Statue&rft.pub=Clarksville-Montgomery+County+Economic+Development+Council&rft.date=2009-08-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.clarksville.tn.us%2Finfo-html%2Fwhat_to_see.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.si.com/vault/1999/12/27/271866/the-master-list-the-50-greatest-sports-figures-of-the-century-from-each-of-the-50-states">"The Master List: The 50 Greatest Sports Figures of the Century from Each of the 50 States"</a>. <i>Sports Illustrated</i>. December 29, 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Postal+Service+Honors+Wilma+Rudolph+with+%27Distinguished+America&rft.pub=DePauw+University&rft.date=2004-07-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.depauw.edu%2Fnews-media%2Flatest-news%2Fdetails%2F21829%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilma_Rudolph&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/11/newsid_3554000/3554568.stm">"1960: Rudolph takes third Olympic gold"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=50+stunning+Olympic+moments+No.+35%3A+Wilma+Rudolph%27s+triple+gold+in+1960&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.au=Bagchi%2C+Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsport%2Fblog%2F2012%2Fjun%2F01%2F50-stunning-olympic-moments-wilma-rudolph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBiography.com_Editors2016" class="citation web cs1">Biography.com Editors (June 17, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160822022116/http://www.biography.com/people/wilma-rudolph-9466552">"Wilma Rudolph Biography"</a>. A&E Television Networks. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biography.com/people/wilma-rudolph-9466552">the original</a> on August 22, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wilma+Rudolph+Biography&rft.pub=A%26E+Television+Networks&rft.date=2016-06-17&rft.au=Biography.com+Editors&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biography.com%2Fpeople%2Fwilma-rudolph-9466552&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|author=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBiracree,_Tom1988" class="citation book cs1">Biracree, Tom (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wilmarudolph00bira"><i>Wilma Rudolph: Champion Athlete</i></a>. New York: Chelsea House Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1555466753" title="Special:BookSources/1555466753"><bdi>1555466753</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wilma+Rudolph%3A+Champion+Athlete&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Chelsea+House+Publishers&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=1555466753&rft.au=Biracree%2C+Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwilmarudolph00bira&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.upi.com/Archives/2001/08/30/Black-Sports-and-Entertainment-Hall-of-Fame/3424999144000/">"Black Sports and Entertainment Hall of Fame"</a>. <i>UPI Archives</i>. UPI. August 30, 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UPI+Archives&rft.atitle=Black+Sports+and+Entertainment+Hall+of+Fame&rft.date=2001-08-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FArchives%2F2001%2F08%2F30%2FBlack-Sports-and-Entertainment-Hall-of-Fame%2F3424999144000%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBraun,_Eric2005" class="citation book cs1">Braun, Eric (2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wilmarudolph0000brau"><i>Wilma Rudolph</i></a></span>. Capstone Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7368-4234-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7368-4234-9"><bdi>0-7368-4234-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wilma+Rudolph&rft.pub=Capstone+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-7368-4234-9&rft.au=Braun%2C+Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwilmarudolph0000brau&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChamberlain,_Charles1973" class="citation journal cs1">Chamberlain, Charles (February 22, 1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=i55cAAAAIBAJ&pg=6736%2C4123510">"Will Wilma Rudolph Eldridge's Daughter Add To Three Olympic Gold Medals Her Mom Won In International Competition?"</a>. <i>The Gettysburg Times</i>. Gettysburg, Pennsylvania: 14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-02-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Gettysburg+Times&rft.atitle=Will+Wilma+Rudolph+Eldridge%27s+Daughter+Add+To+Three+Olympic+Gold+Medals+Her+Mom+Won+In+International+Competition%3F&rft.pages=14&rft.date=1973-02-22&rft.au=Chamberlain%2C+Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3Di55cAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6736%252C4123510&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoffey,_Wayne_R.1993" class="citation book cs1">Coffey, Wayne R. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wilmarudolph00coff"><i>Wilma Rudolph</i></a>. Blackbirch Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56711-004-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-56711-004-5"><bdi>1-56711-004-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wilma+Rudolph&rft.pub=Blackbirch+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=1-56711-004-5&rft.au=Coffey%2C+Wayne+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwilmarudolph00coff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConrad,_David2002" class="citation book cs1">Conrad, David (2002). <i>Stick to It!: The Story of Wilma Rudolph</i>. Compass Point Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7565-0384-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7565-0384-1"><bdi>0-7565-0384-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stick+to+It%21%3A+The+Story+of+Wilma+Rudolph&rft.pub=Compass+Point+Books&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-7565-0384-1&rft.au=Conrad%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/eagle1960nort"><i>The Eagle</i></a>. Vol. 1960. Durham: North Carolina Central University. 1960.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Eagle&rft.place=Durham&rft.pub=North+Carolina+Central+University&rft.date=1960&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Feagle1960nort&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070306125327/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,826652,00.html">"The Fastest Female"</a>. <i>Time</i>. September 19, 1960. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,826652,00.html">the original</a> on March 6, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=The+Fastest+Female&rft.date=1960-09-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C826652%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></li> <li>Haney, James E., "Wilma Rudolph" in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith,_Jessie_Carnie1992" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Jessie Carnie, ed. (1992). <i>Notable Black American Women</i>. Detroit: Gale Research. pp. 958–61.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Notable+Black+American+Women&rft.place=Detroit&rft.pages=958-61&rft.pub=Gale+Research&rft.date=1992&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Harper, Jo. <i>Wilma Rudolph: Olympic Runner</i> (Childhood of Famous Americans), Aladdin (January 6, 2004) – <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-606-29739-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-606-29739-1">0-606-29739-1</a></li> <li>Krull, Kathleen. <i>Wilma Unlimited: How Wilma Rudolph Became the World's Fastest Woman</i>, Harcourt * Children's Books; Library Binding edition (April 1, 1996) – <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-15-201267-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-15-201267-2">0-15-201267-2</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiberti,_Rita,_and_Maureen_M._Smith2015" class="citation book cs1">Liberti, Rita, and Maureen M. Smith (2015). <i>(Re)Presenting Wilma Rudolph</i>. Sports and Entertainment. Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-3384-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-3384-6"><bdi>978-0-8156-3384-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%28Re%29Presenting+Wilma+Rudolph&rft.place=Syracuse%2C+New+York&rft.series=Sports+and+Entertainment&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-8156-3384-6&rft.au=Liberti%2C+Rita%2C+and+Maureen+M.+Smith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLovett,_Bobby_L.2016" class="citation web cs1">Lovett, Bobby L. (June 20, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tnstate.edu/library/documents/Rudolph.pdf">"Wilma Rudolph and the TSU Tigerbelles"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Tennessee State University</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tennessee+State+University&rft.atitle=Wilma+Rudolph+and+the+TSU+Tigerbelles&rft.date=2016-06-20&rft.au=Lovett%2C+Bobby+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tnstate.edu%2Flibrary%2Fdocuments%2FRudolph.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLovett,_Bobby_L.2011" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Lovett, Bobby L. (February 24, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entry.php?rec=1156">"Wilma Rudolph (1940–1994) and the TSU Tigerbelles"</a>. <i>Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture Version 2 (online edition)</i>. University of Tennessee Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-02-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Wilma+Rudolph+%281940%E2%80%931994%29+and+the+TSU+Tigerbelles&rft.btitle=Tennessee+Encyclopedia+of+History+and+Culture+Version+2+%28online+edition%29&rft.pub=University+of+Tennessee+Press&rft.date=2011-02-24&rft.au=Lovett%2C+Bobby+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftennesseeencyclopedia.net%2Fentry.php%3Frec%3D1156&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaraniss,_David2008" class="citation book cs1">Maraniss, David (2008). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/rome1960olympics00mara"><i>Rome 1960: The Olympics That Changed The World</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-3408-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-3408-2"><bdi>978-1-4165-3408-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rome+1960%3A+The+Olympics+That+Changed+The+World&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-4165-3408-2&rft.au=Maraniss%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frome1960olympics00mara&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.si.com/vault/1999/12/27/271866/the-master-list-the-50-greatest-sports-figures-of-the-century-from-each-of-the-50-states">"The Master List: The 50 Greatest Sports Figures of the Century from Each of the 50 States"</a>. <i>Sports Illustrated</i>. December 29, 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=The+Master+List%3A+The+50+Greatest+Sports+Figures+of+the+Century+from+Each+of+the+50+States&rft.date=1999-12-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.si.com%2Fvault%2F1999%2F12%2F27%2F271866%2Fthe-master-list-the-50-greatest-sports-figures-of-the-century-from-each-of-the-50-states&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore,_Wilma_L.2012" class="citation journal cs1">Moore, Wilma L. (Fall 2012). "Everyday People: Sports Champions and History Makers". <i>Traces of Indiana and Midwestern History</i>. <b>24</b> (4). Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society: 26–29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Traces+of+Indiana+and+Midwestern+History&rft.atitle=Everyday+People%3A+Sports+Champions+and+History+Makers&rft.ssn=fall&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=26-29&rft.date=2012&rft.au=Moore%2C+Wilma+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Norwood, Arlisha. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/wilma-rudolph">"Wilma Rudolph.</a>" National Women's History Museum. 2017.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110807035927/http://www.depauw.edu/news/index.asp?id=21712">"Olympic Gold Medalist Wilma Rudolph Joins DePauw Team"</a>. DePauw University. January 14, 1987. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.depauw.edu/news/index.asp?id=21712">the original</a> on August 7, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Olympic+Gold+Medalist+Wilma+Rudolph+Joins+DePauw+Team&rft.pub=DePauw+University&rft.date=1987-01-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.depauw.edu%2Fnews%2Findex.asp%3Fid%3D21712&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOnofrio,_Jan1999" class="citation book cs1">Onofrio, Jan (June 1, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zyw4bSvQxJUC&pg=RA1-PA228"><i>Tennessee Biographical Dictionary</i></a>. North American Book Dist LLC. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-403-09700-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-403-09700-5"><bdi>978-0-403-09700-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tennessee+Biographical+Dictionary&rft.pub=North+American+Book+Dist+LLC&rft.date=1999-06-01&rft.isbn=978-0-403-09700-5&rft.au=Onofrio%2C+Jan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dzyw4bSvQxJUC%26pg%3DRA1-PA228&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlowden,_Martha_Ward1996" class="citation book cs1">Plowden, Martha Ward (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/olympicblackwome00plow"><i>Olympic Black Women</i></a>. Tennessee State University Library: Pelican Publishing Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56554-080-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-56554-080-8"><bdi>1-56554-080-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Olympic+Black+Women&rft.place=Tennessee+State+University+Library&rft.pub=Pelican+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=1-56554-080-8&rft.au=Plowden%2C+Martha+Ward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Folympicblackwome00plow&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170218204803/http://www.depauw.edu/news-media/latest-news/details/21829/">"Postal Service Honors Wilma Rudolph with 'Distinguished America"</a>. DePauw University. July 14, 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.depauw.edu/news-media/latest-news/details/21829/">the original</a> on February 18, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Postal+Service+Honors+Wilma+Rudolph+with+%27Distinguished+America&rft.pub=DePauw+University&rft.date=2004-07-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.depauw.edu%2Fnews-media%2Flatest-news%2Fdetails%2F21829%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoberts,_M._B." class="citation web cs1">Roberts, M. B. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/sportscentury/features/00016444.html">"Rudolph ran and world went wild"</a>. ESPN<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rudolph+ran+and+world+went+wild&rft.pub=ESPN&rft.au=Roberts%2C+M.+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fsportscentury%2Ffeatures%2F00016444.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRuth,_Amy2000" class="citation book cs1">Ruth, Amy (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wilmarudolph00ruth"><i>Wilma Rudolph</i></a>. Lerner Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8225-4976-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-8225-4976-X"><bdi>0-8225-4976-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wilma+Rudolph&rft.pub=Lerner+Publications&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-8225-4976-X&rft.au=Ruth%2C+Amy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwilmarudolph00ruth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchraff,_Anne_E.2004" class="citation book cs1">Schraff, Anne E. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wilmarudolphgrea0000schr"><i>Wilma Rudolph: The Greatest Woman Sprinter in History</i></a>. Enslow Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7660-2291-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7660-2291-9"><bdi>0-7660-2291-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wilma+Rudolph%3A+The+Greatest+Woman+Sprinter+in+History&rft.pub=Enslow+Publishers&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-7660-2291-9&rft.au=Schraff%2C+Anne+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwilmarudolphgrea0000schr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchwartz,_Larry" class="citation web cs1">Schwartz, Larry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/sportscentury/features/00016446.html">"Her Roman Conquest"</a>. ESPN<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Her+Roman+Conquest&rft.pub=ESPN&rft.au=Schwartz%2C+Larry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fsportscentury%2Ffeatures%2F00016446.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSherrow,_Victoria2000" class="citation book cs1">Sherrow, Victoria (2000). <i>Wilma Rudolph</i>. On My Own Biographies. Carolrhoda Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57505-246-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-57505-246-6"><bdi>1-57505-246-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wilma+Rudolph&rft.series=On+My+Own+Biographies&rft.pub=Carolrhoda+Books&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=1-57505-246-6&rft.au=Sherrow%2C+Victoria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith,_Maureen_Margaret2006" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Maureen Margaret (2006). <i>Wilma Rudolph: A Biography</i>. Greenwood Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0313333076" title="Special:BookSources/0313333076"><bdi>0313333076</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wilma+Rudolph%3A+A+Biography&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0313333076&rft.au=Smith%2C+Maureen+Margaret&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStreissguth,_Tom2007" class="citation book cs1">Streissguth, Tom (2007). <i>Wilma Rudolph</i>. Turnaround Publisher. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8225-6693-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8225-6693-9"><bdi>978-0-8225-6693-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wilma+Rudolph&rft.pub=Turnaround+Publisher&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-8225-6693-9&rft.au=Streissguth%2C+Tom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4809778/"><i>Unlimited</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVan_West,_Carroll1998" class="citation book cs1">Van West, Carroll (1998). <i>Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture</i>. Nashville: Tennessee Historical Society/Rutledge Hill Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1558535993" title="Special:BookSources/1558535993"><bdi>1558535993</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tennessee+Encyclopedia+of+History+and+Culture&rft.place=Nashville&rft.pub=Tennessee+Historical+Society%2FRutledge+Hill+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=1558535993&rft.au=Van+West%2C+Carroll&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaldman,_Amy2001" class="citation journal cs1">Waldman, Amy (August 29, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2001/08/29/nyregion/black-hall-of-fame-is-honoring-entertainment-and-sports-stars.html">"Black Hall of Fame Is Honoring Entertainment and Sports Stars"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Black+Hall+of+Fame+Is+Honoring+Entertainment+and+Sports+Stars&rft.date=2001-08-29&rft.au=Waldman%2C+Amy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2001%2F08%2F29%2Fnyregion%2Fblack-hall-of-fame-is-honoring-entertainment-and-sports-stars.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090804125453/http://www.clarksville.tn.us/info-html/what_to_see.html">"What To See: Wilma Rudolph Statue"</a>. Clarksville-Montgomery County Economic Development Council. August 4, 2009. Archived from the original on August 4, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+To+See%3A+Wilma+Rudolph+Statue&rft.pub=Clarksville-Montgomery+County+Economic+Development+Council&rft.date=2009-08-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.clarksville.tn.us%2Finfo-html%2Fwhat_to_see.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0076923/"><i>Wilma</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929091358/http://www.greatwomen.org/women.php?action=viewone&id=131">"Wilma Rudolph"</a>. National Women's Hall of Fame. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greatwomen.org/women.php?action=viewone&id=131">the original</a> on September 29, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wilma+Rudolph&rft.pub=National+Women%27s+Hall+of+Fame&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.greatwomen.org%2Fwomen.php%3Faction%3Dviewone%26id%3D131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141113083713/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ru/wilma-rudolph-1.html">"Wilma Rudolph"</a>. <i>sports-reference.com</i>. Sports Reference. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ru/wilma-rudolph-1.html">the original</a> on November 13, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 27,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sports-reference.com&rft.atitle=Wilma+Rudolph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sports-reference.com%2Folympics%2Fathletes%2Fru%2Fwilma-rudolph-1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130423092652/http://www.usatf.org/HallOfFame/TF/showBio.asp?HOFIDs=141">"Wilma Rudolph"</a>. USA Track and Field. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legacy.usatf.org/HallOfFame/TF/showBio.asp?HOFIDs=141">the original</a> on April 23, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 16,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wilma+Rudolph&rft.pub=USA+Track+and+Field&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legacy.usatf.org%2FHallOfFame%2FTF%2FshowBio.asp%3FHOFIDs%3D141&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121104072633/http://www.lkwdpl.org/wihohio/rudo-wil.htm">"Wilma Rudolph biography"</a>. Women in History. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lkwdpl.org/wihohio/rudo-wil.htm">the original</a> on 2012-11-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 11,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wilma+Rudolph+biography&rft.pub=Women+in+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lkwdpl.org%2Fwihohio%2Frudo-wil.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928141238/http://www.womensportsfoundation.org/cgi-bin/iowa/about/awards/results.html?record=14">"Wilma Rudolph Courage Award"</a>. Women's Sports Foundation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.womensportsfoundation.org/cgi-bin/iowa/about/awards/results.html?record=14">the original</a> on September 28, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wilma+Rudolph+Courage+Award&rft.pub=Women%27s+Sports+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.womensportsfoundation.org%2Fcgi-bin%2Fiowa%2Fabout%2Fawards%2Fresults.html%3Frecord%3D14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilma+Rudolph" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilma_Rudolph&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Lansbury, Jennifer. <i>A spectacular leap: black women athletes in twentieth-century America</i>. University of Arkansas Press, 2014, Fayetteville. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781557286581" title="Special:BookSources/9781557286581">9781557286581</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilma_Rudolph&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Wilma_Rudolph" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Wilma Rudolph">Wilma Rudolph</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="wd_p1146"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14372878">Wilma Rudolph</a> at <a href="/wiki/World_Athletics" title="World Athletics">World Athletics</a><span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback" style="padding-left:.3em"><a class="external text" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31083#P1146"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Edit on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </a></span></span></li> <li><span class="wd_p10634"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatf.org/athlete-bios/wilma-rudolph">Wilma Rudolph</a> at <a href="/wiki/USA_Track_%26_Field" title="USA Track & Field">www.USATF.org</a><span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback" style="padding-left:.3em"><a class="external text" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31083#P10634"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Edit on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, 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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </a></span></span></li> <li><span class="wd_p5815"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://olympics.com/en/athletes/wilma-rudolph">Wilma Rudolph</a> at <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">Olympics.com</a><span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback" style="padding-left:.3em"><a class="external text" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31083#P5815"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Edit on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </a></span></span></li> <li><span class="wd_p8286"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/77958">Wilma Rudolph</a> at <a href="/wiki/Olympedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympedia">Olympedia</a><span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback" style="padding-left:.3em"><a class="external text" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31083#P8286"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Edit on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teamusa.com/hall-of-fame/hall-of-fame-members/wilma-rudolph">Wilma Rudolph</a> at the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Olympic_%26_Paralympic_Hall_of_Fame" title="United States Olympic & Paralympic Hall of Fame">Team USA Hall of Fame</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1356385/">Wilma Rudolph</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31083#P345" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100205200729/http://myhero.com/myhero/hero.asp?hero=wilmaRudolph">Archived</a> 2010-02-05 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, My Hero Project</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/5532">Wilma Rudolph</a> at <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080801085244/http://en.beijing2008.cn/education/stories/n214077706.shtml">Wilma Rudolph</a>, <a href="/wiki/2008_Summer_Olympics" title="2008 Summer Olympics">2008 Summer Olympics</a> website</li> <li>Norwood, Arlisha. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/wilma-rudolph">"Wilma Rudolph"</a>. 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100 m Women"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Footer_Olympic_Champions_100_m_Women" title="Template talk:Footer Olympic Champions 100 m Women"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Footer_Olympic_Champions_100_m_Women" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Footer Olympic Champions 100 m Women"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Olympic_champions_in_women&#039;s_100_metres" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/100_metres_at_the_Olympics" title="100 metres at the Olympics">Olympic champions in women's 100 metres</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1928_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">1928</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Betty_Robinson" title="Betty Robinson">Betty Robinson</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1928_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1928 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1932_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">1932</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82awa_Walasiewicz" title="Stanisława Walasiewicz">Stanisława Walasiewicz</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Poland_at_the_1932_Summer_Olympics" title="Poland at the 1932 Summer Olympics">POL</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1936_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">1936</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Helen_Stephens" title="Helen Stephens">Helen Stephens</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1936_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1936 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1948_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">1948</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fanny_Blankers-Koen" title="Fanny Blankers-Koen">Fanny Blankers-Koen</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Netherlands_at_the_1948_Summer_Olympics" title="Netherlands at the 1948 Summer Olympics">NED</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1952_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">1952</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Jackson-Nelson" title="Marjorie Jackson-Nelson">Marjorie Jackson</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Australia_at_the_1952_Summer_Olympics" title="Australia at the 1952 Summer Olympics">AUS</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">1956</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Betty_Cuthbert" title="Betty Cuthbert">Betty Cuthbert</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Australia_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics" title="Australia at the 1956 Summer Olympics">AUS</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">1960</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilma Rudolph</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1960 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">1964</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wyomia_Tyus" title="Wyomia Tyus">Wyomia Tyus</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1964 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1968_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">1968</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wyomia_Tyus" title="Wyomia Tyus">Wyomia Tyus</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1968_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1968 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">1972</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Renate_Stecher" title="Renate Stecher">Renate Stecher</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/East_Germany_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics" title="East Germany at the 1972 Summer Olympics">GDR</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1976_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">1976</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Annegret_Richter" title="Annegret Richter">Annegret Richter</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/West_Germany_at_the_1976_Summer_Olympics" title="West Germany at the 1976 Summer Olympics">FRG</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1980_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1980 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">1980</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lyudmila_Kondratyeva" title="Lyudmila Kondratyeva">Lyudmila Kondratyeva</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union_at_the_1980_Summer_Olympics" title="Soviet Union at the 1980 Summer Olympics">URS</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">1984</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1984 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1988_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">1988</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Florence_Griffith_Joyner" title="Florence Griffith Joyner">Florence Griffith Joyner</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1988_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1988 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">1992</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gail_Devers" title="Gail Devers">Gail Devers</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1992 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">1996</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gail_Devers" title="Gail Devers">Gail Devers</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1996 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2000_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">2000</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/Marion_Jones" title="Marion Jones">not awarded</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">2004</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Belarus_%281995%E2%80%932012%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belarus_%281995%E2%80%932012%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Belarus_%281995%E2%80%932012%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Belarus_%281995%E2%80%932012%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Belarus_%281995%E2%80%932012%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Belarus_%281995%E2%80%932012%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="450" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Yulia_Nestsiarenka" title="Yulia Nestsiarenka">Yulia Nestsiarenka</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Belarus_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics" title="Belarus at the 2004 Summer Olympics">BLR</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">2008</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Shelly-Ann_Fraser-Pryce" title="Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce">Shelly-Ann Fraser</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Jamaica_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics" title="Jamaica at the 2008 Summer Olympics">JAM</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">2012</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Shelly-Ann_Fraser-Pryce" title="Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce">Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Jamaica_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics" title="Jamaica at the 2012 Summer Olympics">JAM</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">2016</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elaine_Thompson-Herah" title="Elaine Thompson-Herah">Elaine Thompson</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Jamaica_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics" title="Jamaica at the 2016 Summer Olympics">JAM</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">2020</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elaine_Thompson-Herah" title="Elaine Thompson-Herah">Elaine Thompson-Herah</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Jamaica_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics" title="Jamaica at the 2020 Summer Olympics">JAM</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2024_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_100_metres" title="Athletics at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres">2024</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Julien_Alfred" title="Julien Alfred">Julien Alfred</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia_at_the_2024_Summer_Olympics" title="Saint Lucia at the 2024 Summer Olympics">LCA</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Olympic_champions_in_women&#039;s_200_metres" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:gold;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Footer_Olympic_Champions_200_m_Women" title="Template:Footer Olympic Champions 200 m Women"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Footer_Olympic_Champions_200_m_Women" title="Template talk:Footer Olympic Champions 200 m Women"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Footer_Olympic_Champions_200_m_Women" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Footer Olympic Champions 200 m Women"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Olympic_champions_in_women&#039;s_200_metres" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/200_metres_at_the_Olympics" title="200 metres at the Olympics">Olympic champions in women's 200 metres</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1948_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">1948</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fanny_Blankers-Koen" title="Fanny Blankers-Koen">Fanny Blankers-Koen</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Netherlands_at_the_1948_Summer_Olympics" title="Netherlands at the 1948 Summer Olympics">NED</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1952_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">1952</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Jackson-Nelson" title="Marjorie Jackson-Nelson">Marjorie Jackson</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Australia_at_the_1952_Summer_Olympics" title="Australia at the 1952 Summer Olympics">AUS</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">1956</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Betty_Cuthbert" title="Betty Cuthbert">Betty Cuthbert</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Australia_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics" title="Australia at the 1956 Summer Olympics">AUS</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">1960</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilma Rudolph</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1960 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">1964</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Edith_McGuire" title="Edith McGuire">Edith McGuire</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1964 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1968_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">1968</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Irena_Szewi%C5%84ska" title="Irena Szewińska">Irena Szewińska</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Poland_at_the_1968_Summer_Olympics" title="Poland at the 1968 Summer Olympics">POL</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">1972</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Renate_Stecher" title="Renate Stecher">Renate Stecher</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/East_Germany_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics" title="East Germany at the 1972 Summer Olympics">GDR</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1976_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">1976</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4rbel_W%C3%B6ckel" title="Bärbel Wöckel">Bärbel Eckert</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/East_Germany_at_the_1976_Summer_Olympics" title="East Germany at the 1976 Summer Olympics">GDR</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1980_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 1980 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">1980</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4rbel_W%C3%B6ckel" title="Bärbel Wöckel">Bärbel Eckert</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/East_Germany_at_the_1980_Summer_Olympics" title="East Germany at the 1980 Summer Olympics">GDR</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">1984</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Valerie_Brisco-Hooks" title="Valerie Brisco-Hooks">Valerie Brisco-Hooks</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1984 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1988_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">1988</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Florence_Griffith_Joyner" title="Florence Griffith Joyner">Florence Griffith Joyner</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1988_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1988 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">1992</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Torrence" title="Gwen Torrence">Gwen Torrence</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1992 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">1996</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Marie-Jos%C3%A9_P%C3%A9rec" title="Marie-José Pérec">Marie-José Pérec</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/France_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics" title="France at the 1996 Summer Olympics">FRA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2000_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">2000</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Pauline_Davis-Thompson" title="Pauline Davis-Thompson">Pauline Davis-Thompson</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bahamas_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics" title="Bahamas at the 1996 Summer Olympics">BAH</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">2004</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Veronica_Campbell_Brown" title="Veronica Campbell Brown">Veronica Campbell Brown</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Jamaica_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics" title="Jamaica at the 2004 Summer Olympics">JAM</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">2008</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Veronica_Campbell_Brown" title="Veronica Campbell Brown">Veronica Campbell Brown</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Jamaica_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics" title="Jamaica at the 2008 Summer Olympics">JAM</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">2012</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Allyson_Felix" title="Allyson Felix">Allyson Felix</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 2012 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">2016</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elaine_Thompson-Herah" title="Elaine Thompson-Herah">Elaine Thompson</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Jamaica_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics" title="Jamaica at the 2016 Summer Olympics">JAM</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">2020</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elaine_Thompson-Herah" title="Elaine Thompson-Herah">Elaine Thompson-Herah</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Jamaica_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics" title="Jamaica at the 2020 Summer Olympics">JAM</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2024_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_200_metres" title="Athletics at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres">2024</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gabrielle_Thomas" title="Gabrielle Thomas">Gabrielle Thomas</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_2024_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 2024 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Olympic_champions_in_women&#039;s_4_×_100_metres_relay" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:gold;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Olympic_champions_4_%C3%97_100_metres_women" title="Template:Olympic champions 4 × 100 metres women"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Olympic_champions_4_%C3%97_100_metres_women" title="Template talk:Olympic champions 4 × 100 metres women"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Olympic_champions_4_%C3%97_100_metres_women" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Olympic champions 4 × 100 metres women"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Olympic_champions_in_women&#039;s_4_×_100_metres_relay" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay_at_the_Olympics" title="4 × 100 metres relay at the Olympics">Olympic champions in women's 4 × 100 metres relay</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1928_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">1928</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bobbie_Rosenfeld" title="Bobbie Rosenfeld">Bobbie Rosenfeld</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ethel_Smith_(athlete)" title="Ethel Smith (athlete)">Ethel Smith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jane_Bell_(athlete)" title="Jane Bell (athlete)">Jane Bell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myrtle_Cook" title="Myrtle Cook">Myrtle Cook</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Canada_at_the_1928_Summer_Olympics" title="Canada at the 1928 Summer Olympics">CAN</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1932_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">1932</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mary_Carew" title="Mary Carew">Mary Carew</a>, <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Furtsch" title="Evelyn Furtsch">Evelyn Furtsch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Annette_Rogers" title="Annette Rogers">Annette Rogers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wilhelmina_von_Bremen" title="Wilhelmina von Bremen">Wilhelmina von Bremen</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1932_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1932 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1936_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">1936</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Bland" title="Harriet Bland">Harriet Bland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Annette_Rogers" title="Annette Rogers">Annette Rogers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Betty_Robinson" title="Betty Robinson">Betty Robinson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helen_Stephens" title="Helen Stephens">Helen Stephens</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1936_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1936 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1948_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">1948</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Xenia_Stad-de_Jong" title="Xenia Stad-de Jong">Xenia Stad-de Jong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netti_Witziers-Timmer" title="Netti Witziers-Timmer">Netti Witziers-Timmer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerda_van_der_Kade-Koudijs" title="Gerda van der Kade-Koudijs">Gerda van der Kade-Koudijs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fanny_Blankers-Koen" title="Fanny Blankers-Koen">Fanny Blankers-Koen</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Netherlands_at_the_1948_Summer_Olympics" title="Netherlands at the 1948 Summer Olympics">NED</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1952_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">1952</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mae_Faggs" title="Mae Faggs">Mae Faggs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Jones_(sprinter)" title="Barbara Jones (sprinter)">Barbara Jones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Janet_Moreau" title="Janet Moreau">Janet Moreau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Hardy_Lavender" title="Catherine Hardy Lavender">Catherine Hardy</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1952_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1952 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">1956</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Shirley_Strickland" title="Shirley Strickland">Shirley Barbara de la Hunty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norma_Croker" title="Norma Croker">Norma Croker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fleur_Mellor" title="Fleur Mellor">Fleur Mellor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Betty_Cuthbert" title="Betty Cuthbert">Betty Cuthbert</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Australia_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics" title="Australia at the 1956 Summer Olympics">AUS</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">1960</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Martha_Hudson" title="Martha Hudson">Martha Hudson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lucinda_Williams_(athlete)" title="Lucinda Williams (athlete)">Lucinda Williams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Jones_(sprinter)" title="Barbara Jones (sprinter)">Barbara Jones</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilma Rudolph</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1960 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">1964</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Poland_%281928%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Teresa_Ciep%C5%82y" title="Teresa Ciepły">Teresa Ciepły</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irena_Szewi%C5%84ska" title="Irena Szewińska">Irena Kirszenstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Halina_G%C3%B3recka" title="Halina Górecka">Halina Górecka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ewa_K%C5%82obukowska" title="Ewa Kłobukowska">Ewa Kłobukowska</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Poland_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics" title="Poland at the 1964 Summer Olympics">POL</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1968_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">1968</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Ferrell" title="Barbara Ferrell">Barbara Ferrell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Bailes" title="Margaret Bailes">Margaret Bailes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mildrette_Netter" title="Mildrette Netter">Mildrette Netter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wyomia_Tyus" title="Wyomia Tyus">Wyomia Tyus</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1968_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1968 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">1972</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Christiane_Krause" title="Christiane Krause">Christiane Krause</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Becker" title="Ingrid Becker">Ingrid Mickler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Annegret_Richter" title="Annegret Richter">Annegret Richter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heide_Rosendahl" title="Heide Rosendahl">Heide Rosendahl</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/West_Germany_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics" title="West Germany at the 1972 Summer Olympics">FRG</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1976_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">1976</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Marlies_G%C3%B6hr" title="Marlies Göhr">Marlies Göhr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Renate_Stecher" title="Renate Stecher">Renate Stecher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carla_Bodendorf" title="Carla Bodendorf">Carla Bodendorf</a>, <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4rbel_W%C3%B6ckel" title="Bärbel Wöckel">Bärbel Wöckel</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/East_Germany_at_the_1976_Summer_Olympics" title="East Germany at the 1976 Summer Olympics">GDR</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1980_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1980 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">1980</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Romy_M%C3%BCller" title="Romy Müller">Romy Müller</a>, <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4rbel_W%C3%B6ckel" title="Bärbel Wöckel">Bärbel Wöckel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Auerswald" title="Ingrid Auerswald">Ingrid Auerswald</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marlies_G%C3%B6hr" title="Marlies Göhr">Marlies Göhr</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/East_Germany_at_the_1980_Summer_Olympics" title="East Germany at the 1980 Summer Olympics">GDR</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">1984</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Alice_Brown_(sprinter)" title="Alice Brown (sprinter)">Alice Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeanette_Bolden" title="Jeanette Bolden">Jeanette Bolden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chandra_Cheeseborough" title="Chandra Cheeseborough">Chandra Cheeseborough</a>, <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1984 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1988_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">1988</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Alice_Brown_(sprinter)" title="Alice Brown (sprinter)">Alice Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sheila_Echols" title="Sheila Echols">Sheila Echols</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florence_Griffith_Joyner" title="Florence Griffith Joyner">Florence Griffith Joyner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dannette_Young" title="Dannette Young">Dannette Young</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1988_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1988 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">1992</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Esther_Jones_(athlete)" title="Esther Jones (athlete)">Esther Jones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carlette_Guidry-White" title="Carlette Guidry-White">Carlette Guidry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Torrence" title="Gwen Torrence">Gwen Torrence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Finn-Burrell" title="Michelle Finn-Burrell">Michelle Finn</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1992 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">1996</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gail_Devers" title="Gail Devers">Gail Devers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inger_Miller" title="Inger Miller">Inger Miller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chryste_Gaines" title="Chryste Gaines">Chryste Gaines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Torrence" title="Gwen Torrence">Gwen Torrence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carlette_Guidry-White" title="Carlette Guidry-White">Carlette Guidry</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1996 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2000_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">2000</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Savatheda_Fynes" title="Savatheda Fynes">Savatheda Fynes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chandra_Sturrup" title="Chandra Sturrup">Chandra Sturrup</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pauline_Davis-Thompson" title="Pauline Davis-Thompson">Pauline Davis-Thompson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Debbie_Ferguson-McKenzie" title="Debbie Ferguson-McKenzie">Debbie Ferguson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eldece_Clarke-Lewis" title="Eldece Clarke-Lewis">Eldece Lewis</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bahamas_at_the_2000_Summer_Olympics" title="Bahamas at the 2000 Summer Olympics">BAH</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">2004</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tayna_Lawrence" title="Tayna Lawrence">Tayna Lawrence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sherone_Simpson" title="Sherone Simpson">Sherone Simpson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aleen_Bailey" title="Aleen Bailey">Aleen Bailey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Veronica_Campbell_Brown" title="Veronica Campbell Brown">Veronica Campbell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beverly_McDonald" title="Beverly McDonald">Beverly McDonald</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Jamaica_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics" title="Jamaica at the 2004 Summer Olympics">JAM</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">2008</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Olivia_Borl%C3%A9e" title="Olivia Borlée">Olivia Borlée</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hanna_Mari%C3%ABn" title="Hanna Mariën">Hanna Mariën</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89lodie_Ou%C3%A9draogo" title="Élodie Ouédraogo">Élodie Ouédraogo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kim_Gevaert" title="Kim Gevaert">Kim Gevaert</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Belgium_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics" title="Belgium at the 2008 Summer Olympics">BEL</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">2012</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tianna_Bartoletta" title="Tianna Bartoletta">Tianna Madison</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allyson_Felix" title="Allyson Felix">Allyson Felix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bianca_Knight" title="Bianca Knight">Bianca Knight</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carmelita_Jeter" title="Carmelita Jeter">Carmelita Jeter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeneba_Tarmoh" title="Jeneba Tarmoh">Jeneba Tarmoh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lauryn_Williams" title="Lauryn Williams">Lauryn Williams</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 2012 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">2016</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tianna_Bartoletta" title="Tianna Bartoletta">Tianna Bartoletta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allyson_Felix" title="Allyson Felix">Allyson Felix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tori_Bowie" title="Tori Bowie">Tori Bowie</a>, <a href="/wiki/English_Gardner" title="English Gardner">English Gardner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morolake_Akinosun" title="Morolake Akinosun">Morolake Akinosun</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 2016 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">2020</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Briana_Williams" title="Briana Williams">Briana Williams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elaine_Thompson-Herah" title="Elaine Thompson-Herah">Elaine Thompson-Herah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shelly-Ann_Fraser-Pryce" title="Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce">Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shericka_Jackson" title="Shericka Jackson">Shericka Jackson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Natasha_Morrison" title="Natasha Morrison">Natasha Morrison</a>, <a href="/wiki/Remona_Burchell" title="Remona Burchell">Remona Burchell</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Jamaica_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics" title="Jamaica at the 2020 Summer Olympics">JAM</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2024_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_4_%C3%97_100_metres_relay" title="Athletics at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay">2024</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Melissa_Jefferson_(athlete)" class="mw-redirect" title="Melissa Jefferson (athlete)">Melissa Jefferson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Twanisha_Terry" title="Twanisha Terry">Twanisha Terry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gabrielle_Thomas" title="Gabrielle Thomas">Gabrielle Thomas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sha%27Carri_Richardson" title="Sha'Carri Richardson">Sha'Carri Richardson</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_2024_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 2024 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships_winners_in_women&#039;s_60_m_(40_yards,_50_m,_50_yards,_60_yards,_55_m)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #F0DC82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships_winners_in_women%27s_60_m" title="Template:USA Indoor Track and Field Championships winners in women's 60 m"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships_winners_in_women%27s_60_m" title="Template talk:USA Indoor Track and Field Championships winners in women's 60 m"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships_winners_in_women%27s_60_m" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USA Indoor Track and Field Championships winners in women's 60 m"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships_winners_in_women&#039;s_60_m_(40_yards,_50_m,_50_yards,_60_yards,_55_m)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">USA Indoor Track and Field Championships</a> winners in women's <a href="/wiki/60_m" class="mw-redirect" title="60 m">60 m</a> <small>(40 yards, 50 m, 50 yards, 60 yards, 55 m)</small></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background: #F0DC82">1927–1979<br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Amateur_Athletic_Union" title="Amateur Athletic Union">Amateur Athletic Union</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1927_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1927 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1927</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Grosse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rosa Grosse (page does not exist)">Rosa Grosse</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Canada">CAN</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eleanor_Egg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eleanor Egg (page does not exist)">Eleanor Egg</a> (2nd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1928_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1928 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1928</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katherine_Mearls&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katherine Mearls (page does not exist)">Katherine Mearls</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1929_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1929 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1929</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mary_Carew" title="Mary Carew">Mary Carew</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1930_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1930 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1930</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mary_Carew" title="Mary Carew">Mary Carew</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1931_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1931 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1931</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mary_Carew" title="Mary Carew">Mary Carew</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1932_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1932 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1932</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mary_Carew" title="Mary Carew">Mary Carew</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1933_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1933 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1933</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pearl_Young_(sprinter)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pearl Young (sprinter) (page does not exist)">Pearl Young</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1934_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1934 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1934</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82awa_Walasiewicz" title="Stanisława Walasiewicz">Stanisława Walasiewicz</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Poland">POL</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/wiki/Louise_Stokes" title="Louise Stokes">Louise Stokes</a> (3rd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1935_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1935 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1935</a>: <a href="/wiki/Helen_Stephens" title="Helen Stephens">Helen Stephens</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1936_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1936 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1936</a>: <a href="/wiki/Helen_Stephens" title="Helen Stephens">Helen Stephens</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1937_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1937 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1937</a>: <a href="/wiki/Helen_Stephens" title="Helen Stephens">Helen Stephens</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1941_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1941 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1941</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Lane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Lane (page does not exist)">Jean Lane</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1945_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1945 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1945</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alice_Coachman" title="Alice Coachman">Alice Coachman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1946_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1946 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1946</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alice_Coachman" title="Alice Coachman">Alice Coachman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1948_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1948 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1948</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juanita_Watson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juanita Watson (page does not exist)">Juanita Watson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1949_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1949 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1949</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dolores_Dwyer" title="Dolores Dwyer">Dolores Dwyer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1950_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1950 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1950</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dolores_Dwyer" title="Dolores Dwyer">Dolores Dwyer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1951_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1951 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1951</a>: <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Hardy_Lavender" title="Catherine Hardy Lavender">Catherine Hardy Lavender</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1952_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1952 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1952</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dolores_Dwyer" title="Dolores Dwyer">Dolores Dwyer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1953_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1953 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1953</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mabel_Landry" title="Mabel Landry">Mabel Landry</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1954_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1954 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1954</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mabel_Landry" title="Mabel Landry">Mabel Landry</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1955_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1955 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1955</a>: <a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Daniels" title="Isabelle Daniels">Isabelle Daniels</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1956_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1956 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1956</a>: <a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Daniels" title="Isabelle Daniels">Isabelle Daniels</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1957_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1957 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1957</a>: <a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Daniels" title="Isabelle Daniels">Isabelle Daniels</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1958_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1958 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1958</a>: <a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Daniels" title="Isabelle Daniels">Isabelle Daniels</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1959_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1959 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1959</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilma Rudolph</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1960_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1960 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1960</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilma Rudolph</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1961_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1961 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1961</a>: <a href="/wiki/Willye_White" title="Willye White">Willye White</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1962_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1962 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1962</a>: <a href="/wiki/Willye_White" title="Willye White">Willye White</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1963_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1963 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1963</a>: <a href="/wiki/Willye_White" title="Willye White">Willye White</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1964_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1964 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1964</a>: <a href="/wiki/Debbie_Thompson" title="Debbie Thompson">Debbie Thompson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1965_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1965 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1965</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wyomia_Tyus" title="Wyomia Tyus">Wyomia Tyus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1966_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1966 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1966</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wyomia_Tyus" title="Wyomia Tyus">Wyomia Tyus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1967_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1967 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1967</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wyomia_Tyus" title="Wyomia Tyus">Wyomia Tyus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1968_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1968 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1968</a>: <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Ferrell" title="Barbara Ferrell">Barbara Ferrell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1969_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1969 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1969</a>: <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Ferrell" title="Barbara Ferrell">Barbara Ferrell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1970_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1970 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1970</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_games.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_games.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_games.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_games.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_games.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Olympic_games.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chi_Cheng_(athlete)" title="Chi Cheng (athlete)">Chi Cheng</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Chinese Taipei">TPE</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/wiki/Iris_Davis" title="Iris Davis">Iris Davis</a> (2nd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1971_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1971 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1971</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pat_Hawkins_(hurdler)" title="Pat Hawkins (hurdler)">Pat Hawkins</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1972_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1972 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1972</a>: <a href="/wiki/Iris_Davis" title="Iris Davis">Iris Davis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1973_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1973 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1973</a>: <a href="/wiki/Iris_Davis" title="Iris Davis">Iris Davis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1974_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1974 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1974</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Theresa_Montgomery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theresa Montgomery (page does not exist)">Theresa Montgomery</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1975_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1975 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1975</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Alice_Annum" title="Alice Annum">Alice Annum</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Ghana">GHA</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Angel_Doyle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angel Doyle (page does not exist)">Angel Doyle</a> (2nd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1976_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1976 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1976</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lisa_Hopkins_(sprinter)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lisa Hopkins (sprinter) (page does not exist)">Lisa Hopkins</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1977_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1977 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1977</a>: <a href="/wiki/Brenda_Morehead" title="Brenda Morehead">Brenda Morehead</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1978_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1978 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1978</a>: <a href="/wiki/Brenda_Morehead" title="Brenda Morehead">Brenda Morehead</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1979_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1979 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1979</a>: <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background: #F0DC82">1980–1992<br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/The_Athletics_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="The Athletics Congress">The Athletics Congress</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1980_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1980 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1980</a>: <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1981_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1981 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1981</a>: <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1982_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1982 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1982</a>: <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1983_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1983 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1983</a>: <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1984_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1984 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1984</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alice_Brown_(sprinter)" title="Alice Brown (sprinter)">Alice Brown</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1985_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1985 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1985</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alice_Brown_(sprinter)" title="Alice Brown (sprinter)">Alice Brown</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1986_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1986 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1986</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jeanette_Bolden" title="Jeanette Bolden">Jeanette Bolden</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1987_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1987 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1987</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Anelia_Nuneva" title="Anelia Nuneva">Anelia Nuneva</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Bulgaria">BUL</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/wiki/Jeanette_Bolden" title="Jeanette Bolden">Jeanette Bolden</a> (2nd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1988_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1988 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1988</a>: <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Torrence" title="Gwen Torrence">Gwen Torrence</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1989_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1989 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1989</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Torrence" title="Gwen Torrence">Gwen Torrence</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1990_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1990 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1990</a>: <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Finn-Burrell" title="Michelle Finn-Burrell">Michelle Finn-Burrell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1991_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1991 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1991</a>: <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Finn-Burrell" title="Michelle Finn-Burrell">Michelle Finn-Burrell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1992_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1992 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1992</a>: <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Finn-Burrell" title="Michelle Finn-Burrell">Michelle Finn-Burrell</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background: #F0DC82">1993–present<br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/USA_Track_%26_Field" title="USA Track & Field">USA Track & Field</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1993_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1993 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1993</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gail_Devers" title="Gail Devers">Gail Devers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1994_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1994 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1994</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Torrence" title="Gwen Torrence">Gwen Torrence</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1995_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1995 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1995</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Torrence" title="Gwen Torrence">Gwen Torrence</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1996_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1996 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1996</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Torrence" title="Gwen Torrence">Gwen Torrence</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1997_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1997 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1997</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gail_Devers" title="Gail Devers">Gail Devers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1998_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1998 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1998</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Christy_Opara-Thompson" title="Christy Opara-Thompson">Christy Opara-Thompson</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Nigeria">NGR</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/wiki/Carlette_Guidry-White" title="Carlette Guidry-White">Carlette Guidry-White</a> (2nd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1999_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1999 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1999</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gail_Devers" title="Gail Devers">Gail Devers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2000_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2000 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2000</a>: <a href="/wiki/Carlette_Guidry-White" title="Carlette Guidry-White">Carlette Guidry-White</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2001_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2001 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2001</a>: <a href="/wiki/Chryste_Gaines" title="Chryste Gaines">Chryste Gaines</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2002_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2002 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2002</a>: <a href="/wiki/Chryste_Gaines" title="Chryste Gaines">Chryste Gaines</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2003_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2003 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2003</a>: <a href="/wiki/Angela_Williams_(sprinter,_born_1980)" title="Angela Williams (sprinter, born 1980)">Angela Williams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2004_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2004 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2004</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gail_Devers" title="Gail Devers">Gail Devers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2005_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2005 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2005</a>: <a href="/wiki/Angela_Daigle" title="Angela Daigle">Angela Daigle</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2006_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2006 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2006</a>: <a href="/wiki/Me%27Lisa_Barber" title="Me'Lisa Barber">Me'Lisa Barber</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2007_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2007 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2007</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hasani_Roseby&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hasani Roseby (page does not exist)">Hasani Roseby</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2008_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2008 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2008</a>: <a href="/wiki/Angela_Williams_(sprinter,_born_1980)" title="Angela Williams (sprinter, born 1980)">Angela Williams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2009_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2009 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2009</a>: <a href="/wiki/Me%27Lisa_Barber" title="Me'Lisa Barber">Me'Lisa Barber</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2010_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2010 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2010</a>: <a href="/wiki/Carmelita_Jeter" title="Carmelita Jeter">Carmelita Jeter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2011_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2011 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2011</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alexandria_Anderson" title="Alexandria Anderson">Alexandria Anderson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2012_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2012 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2012</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tianna_Bartoletta" title="Tianna Bartoletta">Tianna Bartoletta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2013_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2013 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2013</a>: <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Pierre" title="Barbara Pierre">Barbara Pierre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2014_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2014 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2014</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tianna_Bartoletta" title="Tianna Bartoletta">Tianna Bartoletta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2015_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2015 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2015</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tianna_Bartoletta" title="Tianna Bartoletta">Tianna Bartoletta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2016_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2016 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2016</a>: <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Pierre" title="Barbara Pierre">Barbara Pierre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2017 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2017</a>: <a href="/wiki/Morolake_Akinosun" title="Morolake Akinosun">Morolake Akinosun</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2018 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2018</a>: <a href="/wiki/Javianne_Oliver" title="Javianne Oliver">Javianne Oliver</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2019 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2019</a>: <a href="/wiki/Shania_Collins" title="Shania Collins">Shania Collins</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2020_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2020 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2020</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mikiah_Brisco" title="Mikiah Brisco">Mikiah Brisco</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2022_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2022 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2022</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mikiah_Brisco" title="Mikiah Brisco">Mikiah Brisco</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2023_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2023 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2023</a>: <a href="/wiki/Aleia_Hobbs" title="Aleia Hobbs">Aleia Hobbs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2024_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2024 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2024</a>: <a href="/wiki/Aleia_Hobbs" title="Aleia Hobbs">Aleia Hobbs</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background: #F0DC82">Notes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><span class="wrap">* Distances have varied as follows: 40 yards (1927–32), 50 meters (1933–54), 50 yards (1956–64), 60 yards (1965–86), 55 meters (1987–90)</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships_winners_in_women&#039;s_200_m_(220_yards,_200_yards,_240_yards)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #F0DC82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships_winners_in_women%27s_200_m" title="Template:USA Indoor Track and Field Championships winners in women's 200 m"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships_winners_in_women%27s_200_m" title="Template talk:USA Indoor Track and Field Championships winners in women's 200 m"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships_winners_in_women%27s_200_m" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USA Indoor Track and Field Championships winners in women's 200 m"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships_winners_in_women&#039;s_200_m_(220_yards,_200_yards,_240_yards)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">USA Indoor Track and Field Championships</a> winners in women's <a href="/wiki/200_m" class="mw-redirect" title="200 m">200 m</a> <small>(220 yards, 200 yards, 240 yards)</small></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background: #F0DC82">1927–1979<br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Amateur_Athletic_Union" title="Amateur Athletic Union">Amateur Athletic Union</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1928_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1928 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1928</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Irene_Moran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irene Moran (page does not exist)">Irene Moran</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1929_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1929 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1929</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Donovan_(hurdler)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catherine Donovan (hurdler) (page does not exist)">Catherine Donovan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1930_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1930 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1930</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82awa_Walasiewicz" title="Stanisława Walasiewicz">Stanisława Walasiewicz</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Poland">POL</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Capp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catherine Capp (page does not exist)">Catherine Capp</a> (2nd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1931_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1931 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1931</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82awa_Walasiewicz" title="Stanisława Walasiewicz">Stanisława Walasiewicz</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Poland">POL</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Capp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catherine Capp (page does not exist)">Catherine Capp</a> (2nd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1932_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1932 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1932</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Capp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catherine Capp (page does not exist)">Catherine Capp</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1933_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1933 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1933</a>: <a href="/wiki/Annette_Rogers" title="Annette Rogers">Annette Rogers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1934_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1934 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1934</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82awa_Walasiewicz" title="Stanisława Walasiewicz">Stanisława Walasiewicz</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Poland">POL</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/wiki/Annette_Rogers" title="Annette Rogers">Annette Rogers</a> (2nd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1935_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1935 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1935</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82awa_Walasiewicz" title="Stanisława Walasiewicz">Stanisława Walasiewicz</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Poland">POL</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Jane_Santschi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Jane Santschi (page does not exist)">Mary Jane Santschi</a> (2nd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1936_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1936 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1936</a>: <a href="/wiki/Annette_Rogers" title="Annette Rogers">Annette Rogers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1937_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1937 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1937</a>: <a href="/wiki/Helen_Stephens" title="Helen Stephens">Helen Stephens</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1941_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1941 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1941</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Lane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Lane (page does not exist)">Jean Lane</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1945_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1945 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1945</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82awa_Walasiewicz" title="Stanisława Walasiewicz">Stanisława Walasiewicz</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Poland">POL</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/wiki/Nell_Jackson" title="Nell Jackson">Nell Jackson</a> (2nd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1946_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1946 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1946</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82awa_Walasiewicz" title="Stanisława Walasiewicz">Stanisława Walasiewicz</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Poland">POL</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juanita_Watson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juanita Watson (page does not exist)">Juanita Watson</a> (2nd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1948_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1948 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1948</a>: <a href="/wiki/Audrey_Patterson" title="Audrey Patterson">Audrey Patterson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1949_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1949 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1949</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mae_Faggs" title="Mae Faggs">Mae Faggs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1950_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1950 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1950</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mae_Faggs" title="Mae Faggs">Mae Faggs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1951_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1951 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1951</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mae_Faggs" title="Mae Faggs">Mae Faggs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1952_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1952 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1952</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mae_Faggs" title="Mae Faggs">Mae Faggs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1953_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1953 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1953</a>: <a href="/wiki/Janet_Moreau" title="Janet Moreau">Janet Moreau</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1954_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1954 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1954</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mae_Faggs" title="Mae Faggs">Mae Faggs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1955_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1955 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1955</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfrances_Lyman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfrances Lyman (page does not exist)">Alfrances Lyman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1956_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1956 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1956</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mae_Faggs" title="Mae Faggs">Mae Faggs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1957_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1957 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1957</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lucinda_Williams_(athlete)" title="Lucinda Williams (athlete)">Lucinda Williams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1958_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1958 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1958</a>: <a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Daniels" title="Isabelle Daniels">Isabelle Daniels</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1959_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1959 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1959</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lucinda_Williams_(athlete)" title="Lucinda Williams (athlete)">Lucinda Williams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1960_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1960 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1960</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilma Rudolph</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1961_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1961 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1961</a>: <a href="/wiki/Vivian_Brown_(athlete)" title="Vivian Brown (athlete)">Vivian Brown</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1962_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1962 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1962</a>: <a href="/wiki/Vivian_Brown_(athlete)" title="Vivian Brown (athlete)">Vivian Brown</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1963_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1963 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1963</a>: <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_White" title="Marilyn White">Marilyn White</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1964_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1964 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1964</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Valerie_Carter_(sprinter)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valerie Carter (sprinter) (page does not exist)">Valerie Carter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1965_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1965 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1965</a>: <a href="/wiki/Edith_McGuire" title="Edith McGuire">Edith McGuire</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1966_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1966 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1966</a>: <a href="/wiki/Edith_McGuire" title="Edith McGuire">Edith McGuire</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1967_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1967 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1967</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Una_Morris" title="Una Morris">Una Morris</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Jamaica">JAM</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/wiki/Kathy_Hammond" title="Kathy Hammond">Kathy Hammond</a> (2nd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1968_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1968 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1968</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Vilma_Charlton" title="Vilma Charlton">Vilma Charlton</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Jamaica">JAM</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nancy_Beeson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nancy Beeson (page does not exist)">Nancy Beeson</a> (2nd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1969_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1969 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1969</a>: <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Ferrell" title="Barbara Ferrell">Barbara Ferrell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1970_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1970 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1970</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diane_Kummer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diane Kummer (page does not exist)">Diane Kummer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1971_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1971 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1971</a>: <a href="/wiki/Esther_Stroy" title="Esther Stroy">Esther Stroy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1972_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1972 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1972</a>: <a href="/wiki/Esther_Stroy" title="Esther Stroy">Esther Stroy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1973_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1973 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1973</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rosalyn_Bryant" title="Rosalyn Bryant">Rosalyn Bryant</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1974_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1974 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1974</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Linda_Cordy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linda Cordy (page does not exist)">Linda Cordy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Theresa_Montgomery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theresa Montgomery (page does not exist)">Theresa Montgomery</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1975_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1975 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1975</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rosalyn_Bryant" title="Rosalyn Bryant">Rosalyn Bryant</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1976_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1976 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1976</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pamela_Jiles_(athlete)" title="Pamela Jiles (athlete)">Pamela Jiles</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1977_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1977 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1977</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rosalyn_Bryant" title="Rosalyn Bryant">Rosalyn Bryant</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1978_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1978 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1978</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/23px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/35px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/45px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freida_Nichols&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Freida Nichols (page does not exist)">Freida Nichols</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Barbados">BAR</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Theresa_Montgomery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theresa Montgomery (page does not exist)">Theresa Montgomery</a> (2nd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1979_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1979 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1979</a>: <a href="/wiki/Chandra_Cheeseborough" title="Chandra Cheeseborough">Chandra Cheeseborough</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background: #F0DC82">1980–1992<br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/The_Athletics_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="The Athletics Congress">The Athletics Congress</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1980_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1980 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1980</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wanda_Hooker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wanda Hooker (page does not exist)">Wanda Hooker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1981_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1981 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1981</a>: <a href="/wiki/Chandra_Cheeseborough" title="Chandra Cheeseborough">Chandra Cheeseborough</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1982_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1982 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1982</a>: <a href="/wiki/Chandra_Cheeseborough" title="Chandra Cheeseborough">Chandra Cheeseborough</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1983_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1983 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1983</a>: <a href="/wiki/Chandra_Cheeseborough" title="Chandra Cheeseborough">Chandra Cheeseborough</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1984_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1984 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1984</a>: <a href="/wiki/Valerie_Brisco-Hooks" title="Valerie Brisco-Hooks">Valerie Brisco-Hooks</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1985_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1985 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1985</a>: <a href="/wiki/Valerie_Brisco-Hooks" title="Valerie Brisco-Hooks">Valerie Brisco-Hooks</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1986_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1986 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1986</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Marita_Koch" title="Marita Koch">Marita Koch</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="East Germany">GDR</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/wiki/Grace_Jackson" title="Grace Jackson">Grace Jackson</a> (2nd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1987_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1987 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1987</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Grace_Jackson" title="Grace Jackson">Grace Jackson</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Jamaica">JAM</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/wiki/Valerie_Brisco-Hooks" title="Valerie Brisco-Hooks">Valerie Brisco-Hooks</a> (2nd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1988_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1988 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1988</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Grace_Jackson" title="Grace Jackson">Grace Jackson</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Jamaica">JAM</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/wiki/Terri_Dendy" title="Terri Dendy">Terri Dendy</a> (3rd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1989_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1989 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1989</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alice_Jackson" title="Alice Jackson">Alice Jackson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1990_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1990 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1990</a>: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Grace_Jackson" title="Grace Jackson">Grace Jackson</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<abbr title="Jamaica">JAM</abbr>)</span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lamonda_Miller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lamonda Miller (page does not exist)">Lamonda Miller</a> (3rd)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1991_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1991 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1991</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rochelle_Stevens" title="Rochelle Stevens">Rochelle Stevens</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1992_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1992 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1992</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dyan_Webber" title="Dyan Webber">Dyan Webber</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background: #F0DC82">1993–present<br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/USA_Track_%26_Field" title="USA Track & Field">USA Track & Field</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1993_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1993 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1993</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rochelle_Stevens" title="Rochelle Stevens">Rochelle Stevens</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1994_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1994 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1994</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Torrence" title="Gwen Torrence">Gwen Torrence</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1995_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1995 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1995</a>: <a href="/wiki/Carlette_Guidry-White" title="Carlette Guidry-White">Carlette Guidry-White</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1996_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1996 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1996</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Torrence" title="Gwen Torrence">Gwen Torrence</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1997_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1997 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1997</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tameka_Roberts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tameka Roberts (page does not exist)">Tameka Roberts</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1998_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1998 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1998</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tameka_Roberts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tameka Roberts (page does not exist)">Tameka Roberts</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1999_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="1999 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">1999</a>: <a href="/wiki/Zundra_Feagin-Alexander" title="Zundra Feagin-Alexander">Zundra Feagin-Alexander</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2000_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2000 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2000</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanceen_Parry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanceen Parry (page does not exist)">Nanceen Parry</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2001_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2001 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2001</a>: <a href="/wiki/LaTasha_Jenkins" title="LaTasha Jenkins">LaTasha Jenkins</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2002_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2002 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2002</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Willisa_Heintz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willisa Heintz (page does not exist)">Willisa Heintz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2003_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2003 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2003</a>: <a href="/wiki/Allyson_Felix" title="Allyson Felix">Allyson Felix</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2004_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="2004 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships">2004</a>: <a href="/wiki/Crystal_Cox" title="Crystal Cox">Crystal Cox</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background: #F0DC82">Notes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><span class="wrap">* Distances have varied as follows: 220 yards (1928-32, 1945-46, 1949-64, 1966-68, 1970-86), 200 yards (1965), 240 yards (1967).</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="US_National_Championship_winners_in_women&#039;s_100-meter_dash" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #F0DC82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Footer_US_NC_100m_Women" title="Template:Footer US NC 100m Women"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Footer_US_NC_100m_Women" title="Template talk:Footer US NC 100m Women"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Footer_US_NC_100m_Women" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Footer US NC 100m Women"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="US_National_Championship_winners_in_women&#039;s_100-meter_dash" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/USA_Outdoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships">US National Championship</a> winners in women's <a href="/wiki/100_metres" title="100 metres">100-meter dash</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background: #F0DC82">1923–1979<br />Amateur Athletic Union</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1923–1924: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frances_Ruppert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frances Ruppert (page does not exist)">Frances Ruppert</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1925: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helen_Filkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helen Filkey (page does not exist)">Helen Filkey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1926: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosa_Grosse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rosa Grosse (page does not exist)">Rosa Grosse</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1927–1928<sup>OT</sup>: <a href="/wiki/Elta_Cartwright" title="Elta Cartwright">Elta Cartwright</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1929: <a href="/wiki/Betty_Robinson" title="Betty Robinson">Betty Robinson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1930: <a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82awa_Walasiewicz" title="Stanisława Walasiewicz">Stella Walsh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1931: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eleanor_Egg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eleanor Egg (page does not exist)">Eleanor Egg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1932<sup>OT</sup>: <a href="/wiki/Wilhelmina_von_Bremen" title="Wilhelmina von Bremen">Wilhelmina von Bremen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1933: <a href="/wiki/Annette_Rogers" title="Annette Rogers">Annette Rogers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1934: not held</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1935–1936: <a href="/wiki/Helen_Stephens" title="Helen Stephens">Helen Stephens</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1937: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Claire_Isicson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claire Isicson (page does not exist)">Claire Isicson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1938: <a href="/wiki/Lula_Hymes" class="mw-redirect" title="Lula Hymes">Lula Hymes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1939: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Olive_Hasenfus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olive Hasenfus (page does not exist)">Olive Hasenfus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1940–1941: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Lane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Lane (page does not exist)">Jean Lane</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1942: <a href="/wiki/Alice_Coachman" title="Alice Coachman">Alice Coachman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1943–1944: <a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82awa_Walasiewicz" title="Stanisława Walasiewicz">Stella Walsh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1945–1946: <a href="/wiki/Alice_Coachman" title="Alice Coachman">Alice Coachman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1947: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juanita_Watson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juanita Watson (page does not exist)">Juanita Watson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1948: <a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82awa_Walasiewicz" title="Stanisława Walasiewicz">Stella Walsh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1949–1950: <a href="/wiki/Jean_Patton" title="Jean Patton">Jean Patton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1951: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_McNabb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary McNabb (page does not exist)">Mary McNabb</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1952: <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Hardy" class="mw-redirect" title="Catherine Hardy">Catherine Hardy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1953–1954: <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Jones_(athlete)" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbara Jones (athlete)">Barbara Jones</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1955–1956: <a href="/wiki/Mae_Faggs" title="Mae Faggs">Mae Faggs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1957: <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Jones_(athlete)" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbara Jones (athlete)">Barbara Jones</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1958: <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Matthews" title="Margaret Matthews">Margaret Matthews</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1959–1962: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilma Rudolph</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1963: <a href="/wiki/Edith_McGuire" title="Edith McGuire">Edith McGuire</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1964–1966: <a href="/wiki/Wyomia_Tyus" title="Wyomia Tyus">Wyomia Tyus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1967: <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Ferrell" title="Barbara Ferrell">Barbara Ferrell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1968: <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Bailes" title="Margaret Bailes">Margaret Bailes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1969: <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Ferrell" title="Barbara Ferrell">Barbara Ferrell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1970: <a href="/wiki/Chi_Cheng_(athlete)" title="Chi Cheng (athlete)">Chi Cheng</a> (TWN) * <a href="/wiki/Iris_Davis" title="Iris Davis">Iris Davis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1971: <a href="/wiki/Iris_Davis" title="Iris Davis">Iris Davis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1972: <a href="/wiki/Alice_Annum" title="Alice Annum">Alice Annum</a> (GHA) * (3) <a href="/wiki/Iris_Davis" title="Iris Davis">Iris Davis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/Iris_Davis" title="Iris Davis">Iris Davis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1974: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Renaye_Bowen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renaye Bowen (page does not exist)">Renaye Bowen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1975: <a href="/wiki/Rosalyn_Bryant" title="Rosalyn Bryant">Rosalyn Bryant</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1976: <a href="/wiki/Chandra_Cheeseborough" title="Chandra Cheeseborough">Chandra Cheeseborough</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1977: <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1978: <a href="/wiki/Leleith_Hodges" title="Leleith Hodges">Leleith Hodges</a> (JAM) * <a href="/wiki/Brenda_Morehead" title="Brenda Morehead">Brenda Morehead</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1979: <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background: #F0DC82">1980–1992<br />The Athletics Congress</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1980: <a href="/wiki/Alice_Brown_(sprinter)" title="Alice Brown (sprinter)">Alice Brown</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1981–1983: <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1984 <a href="/wiki/Merlene_Ottey" title="Merlene Ottey">Merlene Ottey</a> (JAM) * <a href="/wiki/Alice_Brown_(sprinter)" title="Alice Brown (sprinter)">Alice Brown</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1985: <a href="/wiki/Merlene_Ottey" title="Merlene Ottey">Merlene Ottey</a> (JAM) * <a href="/wiki/Pam_Marshall" title="Pam Marshall">Pam Marshall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1986: <a href="/wiki/Pam_Marshall" title="Pam Marshall">Pam Marshall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1987: <a href="/wiki/Diane_Williams_(athlete)" title="Diane Williams (athlete)">Diane Williams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1988: <a href="/wiki/Sheila_Echols" title="Sheila Echols">Sheila Echols</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1989: <a href="/wiki/Dawn_Sowell" title="Dawn Sowell">Dawn Sowell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1990: <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Finn-Burrell" title="Michelle Finn-Burrell">Michelle Finn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1991: <a href="/wiki/Carlette_Guidry-White" title="Carlette Guidry-White">Carlette Guidry</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1992<sup>OT</sup>: <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Torrence" title="Gwen Torrence">Gwen Torrence</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background: #F0DC82">1993–present<br />USA Track & Field</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1993–1994: <a href="/wiki/Gail_Devers" title="Gail Devers">Gail Devers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1995–1996<sup>OT</sup>: <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Torrence" title="Gwen Torrence">Gwen Torrence</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1997–1998: <a href="/wiki/Marion_Jones" title="Marion Jones">Marion Jones</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1999: <a href="/wiki/Inger_Miller" title="Inger Miller">Inger Miller</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2000<sup>OT</sup>: <a href="/wiki/Marion_Jones" title="Marion Jones">Marion Jones</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2001–2002: <a href="/wiki/Chryste_Gaines" title="Chryste Gaines">Chryste Gaines</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/Torri_Edwards" title="Torri Edwards">Torri Edwards</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2004<sup>OT</sup>: <a href="/wiki/LaTasha_Colander" title="LaTasha Colander">LaTasha Colander</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2005: <a href="/wiki/Me%27Lisa_Barber" title="Me'Lisa Barber">Me'Lisa Barber</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2006: <a href="/wiki/Lauryn_Williams" title="Lauryn Williams">Lauryn Williams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2007: <a href="/wiki/Torri_Edwards" title="Torri Edwards">Torri Edwards</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2008<sup>OT</sup>: <a href="/wiki/Muna_Lee_(athlete)" title="Muna Lee (athlete)">Muna Lee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2009: <a href="/wiki/Carmelita_Jeter" title="Carmelita Jeter">Carmelita Jeter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2010: <a href="/wiki/Allyson_Felix" title="Allyson Felix">Allyson Felix</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2011–2012<sup>OT</sup>: <a href="/wiki/Carmelita_Jeter" title="Carmelita Jeter">Carmelita Jeter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2013: <a href="/wiki/English_Gardner" title="English Gardner">English Gardner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2014: <a href="/wiki/Tianna_Bartoletta" title="Tianna Bartoletta">Tianna Bartoletta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2015: <a href="/wiki/Tori_Bowie" title="Tori Bowie">Tori Bowie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2016<sup>OT</sup>: <a href="/wiki/English_Gardner" title="English Gardner">English Gardner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2017: <a href="/wiki/Tori_Bowie" title="Tori Bowie">Tori Bowie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2018: <a href="/wiki/Aleia_Hobbs" title="Aleia Hobbs">Aleia Hobbs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2019: <a href="/wiki/Teahna_Daniels" title="Teahna Daniels">Teahna Daniels</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2021<sup>2020 OT</sup>: <a href="/wiki/Javianne_Oliver" title="Javianne Oliver">Javianne Oliver</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background: #F0DC82">Notes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"><i>OT</i>: 1928, 1932, and since 1992, championships incorporated the Olympic Trials, otherwise held as a discrete event.</span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"><i>2020 OT</i>: The 2020 Olympic Trials were delayed and held in 2021 due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.</span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"><i>Distance</i>: The event was over 100 yards until 1927; from 1929 to 1931, 1955, 1957 to 1958, 1961 to 1962, 1965 to 1966, 1969 to 1970 and 1973 to 1974.</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="US_National_Championship_winners_in_women&#039;s_200-meter_dash" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #F0DC82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Footer_US_NC_200m_Women" title="Template:Footer US NC 200m Women"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Footer_US_NC_200m_Women" title="Template talk:Footer US NC 200m Women"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Footer_US_NC_200m_Women" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Footer US NC 200m Women"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="US_National_Championship_winners_in_women&#039;s_200-meter_dash" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/USA_Outdoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships">US National Championship</a> winners in women's <a href="/wiki/200_metres" title="200 metres">200-meter dash</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background: #F0DC82">1926–1979<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Amateur Athletic Union</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1926: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frances_Keddie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frances Keddie (page does not exist)">Frances Keddie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1927: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ellen_Brough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ellen Brough (page does not exist)">Ellen Brough</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1928<sup>OT</sup>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Florence_Wright&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Florence Wright (page does not exist)">Florence Wright</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1929: <a href="/wiki/Maybelle_Gilliland" title="Maybelle Gilliland">Maybelle Gilliland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1930–1931: <a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82awa_Walasiewicz" title="Stanisława Walasiewicz">Stella Walsh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1932<sup>OT</sup>–1933 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Olive_Hasenfus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olive Hasenfus (page does not exist)">Olive Hasenfus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1934: not held</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1935: <a href="/wiki/Helen_Stephens" title="Helen Stephens">Helen Stephens</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1936: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beverly_Hobbs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beverly Hobbs (page does not exist)">Beverly Hobbs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1937: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gertrude_Johnson_(athlete)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gertrude Johnson (athlete) (page does not exist)">Gertrude Johnson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1938: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fanny_Vitale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fanny Vitale (page does not exist)">Fanny Vitale</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1939–1940: <a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82awa_Walasiewicz" title="Stanisława Walasiewicz">Stella Walsh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1941: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Lane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Lane (page does not exist)">Jean Lane</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1942–1948: <a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82awa_Walasiewicz" title="Stanisława Walasiewicz">Stella Walsh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1949–1950: <a href="/wiki/Nell_Jackson" title="Nell Jackson">Nell Jackson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1951: <a href="/wiki/Jean_Patton" title="Jean Patton">Jean Patton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1952: <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Hardy" class="mw-redirect" title="Catherine Hardy">Catherine Hardy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1953: <a href="/wiki/Dolores_Dwyer" title="Dolores Dwyer">Dolores Dwyer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1954–1956: <a href="/wiki/Mae_Faggs" title="Mae Faggs">Mae Faggs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1957: <a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Daniels" title="Isabelle Daniels">Isabelle Daniels</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1958: <a href="/wiki/Lucinda_Williams_(athlete)" title="Lucinda Williams (athlete)">Lucinda Williams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1959: <a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Daniels" title="Isabelle Daniels">Isabelle Daniels</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1960: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilma Rudolph</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1961: <a href="/wiki/Lacey_O%27Neal" title="Lacey O'Neal">Lacey O'Neal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1962–1963: <a href="/wiki/Vivian_Brown_(athlete)" title="Vivian Brown (athlete)">Vivian Brown</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1964–1965: <a href="/wiki/Edith_McGuire" title="Edith McGuire">Edith McGuire</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1966: <a href="/wiki/Wyomia_Tyus" title="Wyomia Tyus">Wyomia Tyus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1967: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diana_Wilson_(athlete)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diana Wilson (athlete) (page does not exist)">Diana Wilson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1968: <a href="/wiki/Wyomia_Tyus" title="Wyomia Tyus">Wyomia Tyus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1969: <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Ferrell" title="Barbara Ferrell">Barbara Ferrell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1970: <a href="/wiki/Chi_Cheng_(athlete)" title="Chi Cheng (athlete)">Chi Cheng</a> (TWN) * <a href="/w/index.php?title=Williomae_Fergerson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Williomae Fergerson (page does not exist)">Williomae Fergerson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1971: <a href="/wiki/Raelene_Boyle" title="Raelene Boyle">Raelene Boyle</a> (AUS) * <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kathie_Lawson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kathie Lawson (page does not exist)">Kathie Lawson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1972: <a href="/wiki/Alice_Annum" title="Alice Annum">Alice Annum</a> (GHA) * (3) <a href="/wiki/Pamela_Greene" class="mw-redirect" title="Pamela Greene">Pamela Greene</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/Mable_Fergerson" title="Mable Fergerson">Mable Fergerson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1974: <a href="/wiki/Alice_Annum" title="Alice Annum">Alice Annum</a> (GHA) * <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran_Sichting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fran Sichting (page does not exist)">Fran Sichting</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1975: <a href="/wiki/Debra_Armstrong" title="Debra Armstrong">Debra Armstrong</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1976: <a href="/wiki/Brenda_Morehead" title="Brenda Morehead">Brenda Morehead</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1977–1979: <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background: #F0DC82">1980–1992<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">The Athletics Congress</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1980: <a href="/wiki/Karen_Hawkins_(athlete)" title="Karen Hawkins (athlete)">Karen Hawkins</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1981: <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1982: <a href="/wiki/Merlene_Ottey" title="Merlene Ottey">Merlene Ottey</a> (JAM) * <a href="/wiki/Florence_Griffith_Joyner" title="Florence Griffith Joyner">Florence Griffith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1983: <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Ashford" title="Evelyn Ashford">Evelyn Ashford</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1984 <a href="/wiki/Merlene_Ottey" title="Merlene Ottey">Merlene Ottey</a> (JAM) * (3) <a href="/wiki/Pam_Marshall" title="Pam Marshall">Pam Marshall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1985 <a href="/wiki/Merlene_Ottey" title="Merlene Ottey">Merlene Ottey</a> (JAM) * <a href="/wiki/Pam_Marshall" title="Pam Marshall">Pam Marshall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1986–1987: <a href="/wiki/Pam_Marshall" title="Pam Marshall">Pam Marshall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1988: <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Torrence" title="Gwen Torrence">Gwen Torrence</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1989: <a href="/wiki/Dannette_Young" title="Dannette Young">Dannette Young</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1990: <a href="/wiki/Grace_Jackson" title="Grace Jackson">Grace Jackson</a> (JAM) * <a href="/wiki/Dannette_Young" title="Dannette Young">Dannette Young</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1991–1992<sup>OT</sup>: <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Torrence" title="Gwen Torrence">Gwen Torrence</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background: #F0DC82">1993–present<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">USA Track & Field</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1993: <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Torrence" title="Gwen Torrence">Gwen Torrence</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1994: <a href="/wiki/Carlette_Guidry-White" title="Carlette Guidry-White">Carlette Guidry-White</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1995: <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Torrence" title="Gwen Torrence">Gwen Torrence</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1996<sup>OT</sup>: <a href="/wiki/Carlette_Guidry-White" title="Carlette Guidry-White">Carlette Guidry-White</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1997: <a href="/wiki/Inger_Miller" title="Inger Miller">Inger Miller</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1998–2000<sup>OT</sup>: <a href="/wiki/Marion_Jones" title="Marion Jones">Marion Jones</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2001: <a href="/wiki/LaTasha_Jenkins" title="LaTasha Jenkins">LaTasha Jenkins</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2002: <a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Durst" title="Stephanie Durst">Stephanie Durst</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/Torri_Edwards" title="Torri Edwards">Torri Edwards</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2004<sup>OT</sup>–2005: <a href="/wiki/Allyson_Felix" title="Allyson Felix">Allyson Felix</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2006: <a href="/wiki/Rachelle_Boone-Smith" title="Rachelle Boone-Smith">Rachelle Boone-Smith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2007–2009<sup>OT</sup>: <a href="/wiki/Allyson_Felix" title="Allyson Felix">Allyson Felix</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2010: <a href="/wiki/Connie_Moore" class="mw-redirect" title="Connie Moore">Connie Moore</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2011: <a href="/wiki/Shalonda_Solomon" title="Shalonda Solomon">Shalonda Solomon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2012<sup>OT</sup>: <a href="/wiki/Allyson_Felix" title="Allyson Felix">Allyson Felix</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2013: <a href="/wiki/Kimberlyn_Duncan" title="Kimberlyn Duncan">Kimberlyn Duncan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2014: <a href="/wiki/Jeneba_Tarmoh" title="Jeneba Tarmoh">Jeneba Tarmoh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2015: <a href="/wiki/Jenna_Prandini" title="Jenna Prandini">Jenna Prandini</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2016<sup>OT</sup>: <a href="/wiki/Tori_Bowie" title="Tori Bowie">Tori Bowie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2017: <a href="/wiki/Deajah_Stevens" title="Deajah Stevens">Deajah Stevens</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2018: <a href="/wiki/Jenna_Prandini" title="Jenna Prandini">Jenna Prandini</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2019: <a href="/wiki/Dezerea_Bryant" title="Dezerea Bryant">Dezerea Bryant</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2021<sup>2020 OT</sup>: <a href="/wiki/Gabrielle_Thomas" title="Gabrielle Thomas">Gabrielle Thomas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2022: <a href="/wiki/Abby_Steiner" title="Abby Steiner">Abby Steiner</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background: #F0DC82">Notes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"><i>OT</i>: 1928, 1932, and since 1992, championships incorporated the Olympic Trials in Olympic years, otherwise held as a discrete event.</span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"><i>Distance</i>:The event was over 220 yards until 1932, 1955, 1957-8, 1961-3, 1965-6, 1969-70 and 1973-4</span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"><i>2020 OT</i>: The 2020 Olympic Trials were delayed and held in 2021 due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1956_USA_Olympic_track_and_field_team" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Footer_USA_Track_%26_Field_1956_Summer_Olympics" title="Template:Footer USA Track & Field 1956 Summer Olympics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Footer_USA_Track_%26_Field_1956_Summer_Olympics" title="Template talk:Footer USA Track & Field 1956 Summer Olympics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Footer_USA_Track_%26_Field_1956_Summer_Olympics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Footer USA Track & Field 1956 Summer Olympics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1956_USA_Olympic_track_and_field_team" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics#Athletics" title="United States at the 1956 Summer Olympics">1956 USA Olympic track and field team</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Men's track<br />and road athletes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Ashenfelter" title="Horace Ashenfelter">Horace Ashenfelter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thane_Baker" title="Thane Baker">Thane Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Bowden" title="Don Bowden">Don Bowden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Calhoun" title="Lee Calhoun">Lee Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Coleman_(athlete)" title="Phil Coleman (athlete)">Phil Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Costes" title="Nick Costes">Nick Costes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Courtney" title="Tom Courtney">Tom Courtney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josh_Culbreath" title="Josh Culbreath">Josh Culbreath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Davis_(athlete)" title="Glenn Davis (athlete)">Glenn Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Davis_(hurdler)" title="Jack Davis (hurdler)">Jack Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Dellinger" title="Bill Dellinger">Bill Dellinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliott_Denman" title="Elliott Denman">Elliott Denman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Hart_(athlete)" title="Dick Hart (athlete)">Dick Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Hewson" title="James Hewson">James Hewson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Jenkins_Sr." title="Charles Jenkins Sr.">Charles Jenkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon_Jones_(athlete)" title="Deacon Jones (athlete)">Deacon Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Jones_(athlete)" title="Lou Jones (athlete)">Lou Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Kelley" title="John J. Kelley">Johnny Kelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leamon_King" title="Leamon King">Leamon King</a> (r)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Laskau" title="Henry Laskau">Henry Laskau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Lea_(athlete)" title="Jim Lea (athlete)">Jim Lea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_MacDonald_(athlete)" title="Bruce MacDonald (athlete)">Bruce MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Mashburn" title="Jesse Mashburn">Jesse Mashburn</a> (r)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_McKenzie_(athlete)" title="Gordon McKenzie (athlete)">Gordon McKenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Morrow" title="Bobby Morrow">Bobby Morrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ira_Murchison" title="Ira Murchison">Ira Murchison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Shankle" title="Joel Shankle">Joel Shankle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Sjogren" title="Leo Sjogren">Leo Sjogren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Southern" title="Eddie Southern">Eddie Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnie_Sowell" title="Arnie Sowell">Arnie Sowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lonnie_Spurrier" title="Lonnie Spurrier">Lonnie Spurrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Stanfield" title="Andy Stanfield">Andy Stanfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curt_Stone" title="Curt Stone">Curt Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Thackwray" title="Dean Thackwray">Dean Thackwray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Truex" title="Max Truex">Max Truex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Walters" title="Jerome Walters">Jerome Walters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Weinacker" title="Adolf Weinacker">Adolf Weinacker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Wheeler_(athlete)" title="Ted Wheeler (athlete)">Ted Wheeler</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Athletics_pictogram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Athletics_pictogram.svg/50px-Athletics_pictogram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Athletics_pictogram.svg/75px-Athletics_pictogram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Athletics_pictogram.svg/100px-Athletics_pictogram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Men's field athletes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Bantum" title="Ken Bantum">Ken Bantum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Bell_(long_jumper)" title="Greg Bell (long jumper)">Greg Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bennett_(athlete)" title="John Bennett (athlete)">John Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milt_Campbell" title="Milt Campbell">Milt Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Conley" title="Phil Conley">Phil Conley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Connolly" title="Hal Connolly">Hal Connolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ira_Davis_(athlete)" title="Ira Davis (athlete)">Ira Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dumas" title="Charles Dumas">Charles Dumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Garcia_(athlete)" title="Benjamin Garcia (athlete)">Benjamin Garcia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortune_Gordien" title="Fortune Gordien">Fortune Gordien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Gutowski" title="Bob Gutowski">Bob Gutowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Hall_(athlete)" title="Albert Hall (athlete)">Al Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafer_Johnson" title="Rafer Johnson">Rafer Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Des_Koch" title="Des Koch">Des Koch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Mattos" title="George Mattos">George Mattos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Nieder" title="Bill Nieder">Bill Nieder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parry_O%27Brien" title="Parry O'Brien">Parry O'Brien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Oerter" title="Al Oerter">Al Oerter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Reavis" title="Phil Reavis">Phil Reavis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Richards" title="Bob Richards">Bob Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Sharpe_(athlete)" title="Bill Sharpe (athlete)">Bill Sharpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Shaw_(triple_jumper)" title="George Shaw (triple jumper)">George Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vern_Wilson_(high_jumper)" title="Vern Wilson (high jumper)">Vern Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cy_Young_(athlete)" title="Cy Young (athlete)">Cy Young</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Women's track athletes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Daniels" title="Isabelle Daniels">Isabelle Daniels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constance_Darnowski" title="Constance Darnowski">Constance Darnowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meredith_Ellis" title="Meredith Ellis">Meredith Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mae_Faggs" title="Mae Faggs">Mae Faggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Matthews" title="Margaret Matthews">Margaret Matthews</a> (r)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mueller_(athlete)" title="Barbara Mueller (athlete)">Barbara Mueller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Robertson" title="Irene Robertson">Irene Robertson</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilma Rudolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucinda_Williams_(athlete)" title="Lucinda Williams (athlete)">Lucinda Williams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Women's field athletes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Anderson_(athlete)" title="Karen Anderson (athlete)">Karen Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earlene_Brown" title="Earlene Brown">Earlene Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paula_Deubel" title="Paula Deubel">Paula Deubel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Marie_Flynn" title="Ann Marie Flynn">Ann Marie Flynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamela_Kurrell" title="Pamela Kurrell">Pam Kurrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Larney" title="Marjorie Larney">Marjorie Larney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Matthews" title="Margaret Matthews">Margaret Matthews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_McDaniel" title="Mildred McDaniel">Mildred McDaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lois_Testa" title="Lois Testa">Lois Testa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amelia_Wood" title="Amelia Wood">Amelia Wershoven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willye_White" title="Willye White">Willye White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Coaches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Kelly_(coach)" title="Jim Kelly (coach)">Jim Kelly</a> (men's head coach)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Anderson_(track_and_field_coach)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Anderson (track and field coach) (page does not exist)">Frank Anderson</a> (men's assistant coach)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Giegengack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bob Giegengack (page does not exist)">Bob Giegengack</a> (men's assistant coach)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jess_Mortensen" title="Jess Mortensen">Jess Mortensen</a> (men's assistant coach)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nell_Jackson" title="Nell Jackson">Nell Jackson</a> (women's head coach)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boo_Morcom" title="Boo Morcom">Boo Morcom</a> (women's field event coach)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1960_USA_Olympic_track_and_field_team" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Footer_USA_Track_%26_Field_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="Template:Footer USA Track & Field 1960 Summer Olympics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Footer_USA_Track_%26_Field_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="Template talk:Footer USA Track & Field 1960 Summer Olympics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Footer_USA_Track_%26_Field_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Footer USA Track & Field 1960 Summer Olympics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1960_USA_Olympic_track_and_field_team" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics#Athletics" title="United States at the 1960 Summer Olympics">1960 USA Olympic track and field team</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Men's track<br />and road athletes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Allen_(athlete)" title="John Allen (athlete)">John Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Beatty" title="Jim Beatty">Jim Beatty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Breckenridge" title="Alex Breckenridge">Alex Breckenridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Budd" title="Frank Budd">Frank Budd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyrol_Burleson" title="Dyrol Burleson">Dyrol Burleson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Calhoun" title="Lee Calhoun">Lee Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lester_Carney" title="Lester Carney">Les Carney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Close" title="Pete Close">Pete Close</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Coleman_(athlete)" title="Phil Coleman (athlete)">Phil Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Cunliffe" title="Ernie Cunliffe">Ernie Cunliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifton_Cushman" title="Clifton Cushman">Cliff Cushman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Davis_(athlete)" title="Glenn Davis (athlete)">Glenn Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otis_Davis" title="Otis Davis">Otis Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Dellinger" title="Bill Dellinger">Bill Dellinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Grelle" title="Jim Grelle">Jim Grelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudy_Haluza" title="Rudy Haluza">Rudy Haluza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Howard_(hurdler)" title="Dick Howard (hurdler)">Dick Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Johnson" title="Stone Johnson">Stone Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon_Jones_(athlete)" title="Deacon Jones (athlete)">Deacon Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayes_Jones" title="Hayes Jones">Hayes Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Kelley" title="John J. Kelley">John J. Kelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Laird" title="Ron Laird">Ron Laird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_MacDonald_(athlete)" title="Bruce MacDonald (athlete)">Bruce MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_May" title="Willie May">Willie May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_McKenzie_(athlete)" title="Gordon McKenzie (athlete)">Gordon McKenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Mimm" title="Bob Mimm">Bob Mimm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Murphy_(runner)" title="Tom Murphy (runner)">Tom Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Norton" title="Ray Norton">Ray Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Siebert" title="Jerry Siebert">Jerry Siebert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Sime" title="Dave Sime">Dave Sime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Soth" title="Bob Soth">Bob Soth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Truex" title="Max Truex">Max Truex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Yerman" title="Jack Yerman">Jack Yerman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Young_(athlete)" title="Earl Young (athlete)">Earl Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Young_(runner)" title="George Young (runner)">George Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Zinn" title="Ronald Zinn">Ron Zinn</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Athletics_pictogram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Athletics_pictogram.svg/50px-Athletics_pictogram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Athletics_pictogram.svg/75px-Athletics_pictogram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Athletics_pictogram.svg/100px-Athletics_pictogram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Men's field athletes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_Alley_(athlete)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bill Alley (athlete) (page does not exist)">Bill Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rink_Babka" title="Rink Babka">Rink Babka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Bagdonas" title="Ed Bagdonas">Ed Bagdonas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Beucher" title="Terry Beucher">Terry Beucher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Boston" title="Ralph Boston">Ralph Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Bragg" title="Don Bragg">Don Bragg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Cantello" title="Al Cantello">Al Cantello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Clark_(pole_vaulter)" title="Dave Clark (pole vaulter)">Dave Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cochran" title="Dick Cochran">Dick Cochran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Connolly" title="Hal Connolly">Hal Connolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ira_Davis_(athlete)" title="Ira Davis (athlete)">Ira Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dumas" title="Charles Dumas">Charles Dumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Edstrom" title="Dave Edstrom">Dave Edstrom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Faust_(athlete)" title="Joe Faust (athlete)">Joe Faust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Hall_(athlete)" title="Albert Hall (athlete)">Al Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafer_Johnson" title="Rafer Johnson">Rafer Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Long" title="Dallas Long">Dallas Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Morris_(pole_vaulter)" title="Ron Morris (pole vaulter)">Ron Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Mulkey" title="Phil Mulkey">Phil Mulkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Nieder" title="Bill Nieder">Bill Nieder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parry_O%27Brien" title="Parry O'Brien">Parry O'Brien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Oerter" title="Al Oerter">Al Oerter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo_Roberson" title="Bo Roberson">Bo Roberson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Sharpe_(athlete)" title="Bill Sharpe (athlete)">Bill Sharpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_Stokes" title="Herman Stokes">Herman Stokes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Thomas_(athlete)" title="John Thomas (athlete)">John Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Watson_(athlete,_born_1941)" title="Anthony Watson (athlete, born 1941)">Anthony Watson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Women's track athletes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Crowder" title="Shirley Crowder">Shirley Crowder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Daniels" title="Pat Daniels">Pat Daniels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Hudson" title="Martha Hudson">Martha Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Jones_(sprinter)" title="Barbara Jones (sprinter)">Barbara Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernestine_Pollards" title="Ernestine Pollards">Ernestine Pollards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Robertson" title="Irene Robertson">Irene Robertson</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilma Rudolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo_Ann_Terry" title="Jo Ann Terry">Jo Ann Terry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucinda_Williams_(athlete)" title="Lucinda Williams (athlete)">Lucinda Williams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Women's field athletes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Anderson_(athlete)" title="Karen Anderson (athlete)">Karen Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Brown_(athlete)" title="Barbara Brown (athlete)">Barbara Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earlene_Brown" title="Earlene Brown">Earlene Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olga_Fikotov%C3%A1" title="Olga Fikotová">Olga Connolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Gaertner" title="Jean Gaertner">Jean Gaertner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamela_Kurrell" title="Pamela Kurrell">Pamela Kurrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neomia_Rogers" title="Neomia Rogers">Neomia Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Smith_(athlete)" title="Annie Smith (athlete)">Annie Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willye_White" title="Willye White">Willye White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Coaches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Snyder_(athlete)" title="Larry Snyder (athlete)">Larry Snyder</a> (head coach)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Eastment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Eastment (page does not exist)">George Eastment</a> (assistant coach)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Higgins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ralph Higgins (page does not exist)">Ralph Higgins</a> (assistant coach)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_(Bud)_Winter" title="Lloyd (Bud) Winter">Lloyd "Bud" Winter</a> (assistant coach)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Temple" title="Ed Temple">Ed Temple</a> (women's head coach)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran_Welch" title="Fran Welch">Fran Welch</a> (women's field event coach)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="IAAF_Hall_of_Fame" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:IAAF_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:IAAF Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:IAAF_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:IAAF Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:IAAF_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:IAAF Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="IAAF_Hall_of_Fame" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/IAAF_Hall_of_Fame" title="IAAF Hall of Fame">IAAF Hall of Fame</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Owens" title="Jesse Owens">Jesse Owens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abebe_Bikila" title="Abebe Bikila">Abebe Bikila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paavo_Nurmi" title="Paavo Nurmi">Paavo Nurmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Bubka" title="Sergey Bubka">Sergey Bubka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Coe" title="Sebastian Coe">Sebastian Coe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Lewis" title="Carl Lewis">Carl Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Z%C3%A1topek" title="Emil Zátopek">Emil Zátopek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Oerter" title="Al Oerter">Al Oerter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adhemar_da_Silva" title="Adhemar da Silva">Adhemar da Silva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Moses" title="Edwin Moses">Edwin Moses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_Blankers-Koen" title="Fanny Blankers-Koen">Fanny Blankers-Koen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Cuthbert" title="Betty Cuthbert">Betty Cuthbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Joyner-Kersee" title="Jackie Joyner-Kersee">Jackie Joyner-Kersee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Junxia" title="Wang Junxia">Wang Junxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irena_Szewi%C5%84ska" title="Irena Szewińska">Irena Szewińska</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Johnson_(sprinter)" title="Michael Johnson (sprinter)">Michael Johnson</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_O%27Brien" title="Dan O'Brien">Dan O'Brien</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babe_Didrikson_Zaharias" title="Babe Didrikson Zaharias">Babe Zaharias</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Juantorena" title="Alberto Juantorena">Alberto Juantorena</a><sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kipchoge_Keino" title="Kipchoge Keino">Kip Keino</a><sup>4</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Snell" title="Peter Snell">Peter Snell</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Holubnychy" title="Volodymyr Holubnychy">Vladimir Golubnichiy</a><sup>6</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iolanda_Bala%C8%99" title="Iolanda Balaș">Iolanda Balaș</a><sup>7</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefka_Kostadinova" title="Stefka Kostadinova">Stefka Kostadinova</a><sup>7</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Dillard" title="Harrison Dillard">Harrison Dillard</a><sup>8</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Jackson-Nelson" title="Marjorie Jackson-Nelson">Marjorie Jackson</a><sup>8</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannes_Kolehmainen" title="Hannes Kolehmainen">Hannes Kolehmainen</a><sup>8</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalya_Lisovskaya" title="Natalya Lisovskaya">Natalya Lisovskaya</a><sup>8</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svetlana_Masterkova" title="Svetlana Masterkova">Svetlana Masterkova</a><sup>8</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noureddine_Morceli" title="Noureddine Morceli">Noureddine Morceli</a><sup>8</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parry_O%27Brien" title="Parry O'Brien">Parry O'Brien</a><sup>8</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie-Jos%C3%A9_P%C3%A9rec" title="Marie-José Pérec">Marie-José Pérec</a><sup>8</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Saneyev" title="Viktor Saneyev">Viktor Saneyev</a><sup>8</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuriy_Sedykh" title="Yuriy Sedykh">Yuriy Sedykh</a><sup>8</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daley_Thompson" title="Daley Thompson">Daley Thompson</a><sup>8</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grete_Waitz" title="Grete Waitz">Grete Waitz</a><sup>8</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valeriy_Brumel" title="Valeriy Brumel">Valeriy Brumel</a><sup>9</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Davis_(athlete)" title="Glenn Davis (athlete)">Glenn Davis</a><sup>9</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heike_Drechsler" title="Heike Drechsler">Heike Drechsler</a><sup>9</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hicham_El_Guerrouj" title="Hicham El Guerrouj">Hicham El Guerrouj</a><sup>9</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marita_Koch" title="Marita Koch">Marita Koch</a><sup>9</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Korzeniowski" title="Robert Korzeniowski">Robert Korzeniowski</a><sup>9</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%81nis_L%C5%ABsis" title="Jānis Lūsis">Jānis Lūsis</a><sup>9</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Mathias" title="Bob Mathias">Bob Mathias</a><sup>9</sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilma Rudolph</a><sup>9</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Strickland" title="Shirley Strickland">Shirley Strickland de la Hunty</a><sup>9</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lasse_Vir%C3%A9n" title="Lasse Virén">Lasse Virén</a><sup>9</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Warmerdam" title="Cornelius Warmerdam">Cornelius Warmerdam</a><sup>9</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>New entry</dt> <dd><sup>1</sup>May 17, 2012</dd> <dd><sup>2</sup>June 6, 2012</dd> <dd><sup>3</sup>June 11, 2012</dd> <dd><sup>4</sup>July 2, 2012</dd> <dd><sup>5</sup>August 4, 2012</dd> <dd><sup>6</sup>September 15, 2012</dd> <dd><sup>7</sup>October 13, 2012</dd> <dd><sup>8</sup>November 16, 2013</dd> <dd><sup>9</sup>November 21, 2014</dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="USTFCCCA_Collegiate_Track_&amp;_Field/Cross_Country_Athlete_Hall_of_Fame" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Footer_Collegiate_Track_Field_Cross_Country_Athlete_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:Footer Collegiate Track Field Cross Country Athlete Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Footer_Collegiate_Track_Field_Cross_Country_Athlete_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:Footer Collegiate Track Field Cross Country Athlete Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Footer_Collegiate_Track_Field_Cross_Country_Athlete_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Footer Collegiate Track Field Cross Country Athlete Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="USTFCCCA_Collegiate_Track_&amp;_Field/Cross_Country_Athlete_Hall_of_Fame" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/USTFCCCA" class="mw-redirect" title="USTFCCCA">USTFCCCA</a> Collegiate Track & Field/Cross Country Athlete Hall of Fame</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2022</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jenny_Simpson" title="Jenny Simpson">Jenny Barringer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Boston" title="Ralph Boston">Ralph Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Delany" title="Ron Delany">Ron Delany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Dillard" title="Harrison Dillard">Harrison Dillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzy_Favor_Hamilton" title="Suzy Favor Hamilton">Suzy Favor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Greene_(athlete)" title="Charles Greene (athlete)">Charlie Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlette_Guidry-White" title="Carlette Guidry-White">Carlette Guidry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeHart_Hubbard" title="DeHart Hubbard">DeHart Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicki_Huber" title="Vicki Huber">Vicki Huber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Johnson_(athlete)" title="Jackie Johnson (athlete)">Jackie Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Joyner-Kersee" title="Jackie Joyner-Kersee">Jackie Joyner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sally_Kipyego" title="Sally Kipyego">Sally Kipyego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Lewis" title="Carl Lewis">Carl Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Lindgren" title="Gerry Lindgren">Gerry Lindgren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Matson" title="Randy Matson">Randy Matson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Metcalfe" title="Ralph Metcalfe">Ralph Metcalfe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Milburn" title="Rod Milburn">Rodney Milburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Morrow" title="Bobby Morrow">Bobby Morrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suleiman_Nyambui" title="Suleiman Nyambui">Suleiman Nyambui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Olson" title="Billy Olson">Billy Olson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlene_Ottey" title="Merlene Ottey">Merlene Ottey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Owens" title="Jesse Owens">Jesse Owens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Patton" title="Mel Patton">Mel Patton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Prefontaine" title="Steve Prefontaine">Steve Prefontaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meg_Ritchie" title="Meg Ritchie">Meg Ritchie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Rono" title="Henry Rono">Henry Rono</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilma Rudolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Ryun" title="Jim Ryun">Jim Ryun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erick_Walder" title="Erick Walder">Erick Walder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Woodruff_(athlete)" title="John Woodruff (athlete)">John Woodruff</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Athletics_pictogram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Athletics_pictogram.svg/50px-Athletics_pictogram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Athletics_pictogram.svg/75px-Athletics_pictogram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Athletics_pictogram.svg/100px-Athletics_pictogram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2023</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dyrol_Burleson" title="Dyrol Burleson">Dyrol Burleson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Carter_(nose_tackle)" title="Michael Carter (nose tackle)">Michael Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joetta_Clark_Diggs" title="Joetta Clark Diggs">Joetta Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Conley_Sr." title="Mike Conley Sr.">Michael Conley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Hudson" title="Sheila Hudson">Sheila Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holli_Hyche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holli Hyche (page does not exist)">Holli Hyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Moses" title="Edwin Moses">Edwin Moses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renaldo_Nehemiah" title="Renaldo Nehemiah">Renaldo Nehemiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonia_O%27Sullivan" title="Sonia O'Sullivan">Sonia O'Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Shea" title="Julie Shea">Julie Shea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seilala_Sua" title="Seilala Sua">Seilala Sua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Thomas_(athlete)" title="John Thomas (athlete)">John Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyomia_Tyus" title="Wyomia Tyus">Wyomia Tyus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Wottle" title="Dave Wottle">Dave Wottle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class of 2024</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rosalyn_Bryant" title="Rosalyn Bryant">Rosalyn Bryant</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regina_Cavanaugh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regina Cavanaugh (page does not exist)">Regina Cavanaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollis_Conway" title="Hollis Conway">Hollis Conway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Dellinger" title="Bill Dellinger">Bill Dellinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benita_Fitzgerald-Brown" title="Benita Fitzgerald-Brown">Benita Fitzgerald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Hardin" title="Glenn Hardin">Glenn Hardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bal%C3%A1zs_Kiss_(athlete)" title="Balázs Kiss (athlete)">Balázs Kiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marty_Liquori" title="Marty Liquori">Marty Liquori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Myricks" title="Larry Myricks">Larry Myricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Ritter" title="Louise Ritter">Louise Ritter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Salb" title="Karl Salb">Karl Salb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Skieresz" title="Amy Skieresz">Amy Skieresz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trecia-Kaye_Smith" title="Trecia-Kaye Smith">Trecia-Kaye Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Williams_(sprinter,_born_1980)" title="Angela Williams (sprinter, born 1980)">Angela Williams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="James_E._Sullivan_Award_winners" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sullivan_Award_winners" title="Template:Sullivan Award winners"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sullivan_Award_winners" title="Template talk:Sullivan Award winners"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sullivan_Award_winners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sullivan Award winners"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="James_E._Sullivan_Award_winners" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/James_E._Sullivan_Award" title="James E. Sullivan Award">James E. Sullivan Award</a> winners</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1930: <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Jones_(golfer)" title="Bobby Jones (golfer)">Jones</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1931: <a href="/wiki/Barney_Berlinger" title="Barney Berlinger">Berlinger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1932: <a href="/wiki/Jim_Bausch" title="Jim Bausch">Bausch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1933: <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Cunningham_(athlete)" title="Glenn Cunningham (athlete)">Cunningham</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1934: <a href="/wiki/Bill_Bonthron" title="Bill Bonthron">Bonthron</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1935: <a href="/wiki/Lawson_Little" title="Lawson Little">Little</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1936: <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Morris" title="Glenn Morris">Morris</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1937: <a href="/wiki/Don_Budge" title="Don Budge">Budge</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1938: <a href="/wiki/Don_Lash" title="Don Lash">Lash</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1939: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Burk" title="Joe Burk">Burk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1940: <a href="/wiki/Greg_Rice_(athlete)" title="Greg Rice (athlete)">Rice</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1941: <a href="/wiki/Leslie_MacMitchell" title="Leslie MacMitchell">MacMitchell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1942: <a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Warmerdam" title="Cornelius Warmerdam">Warmerdam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1943: <a href="/wiki/Gil_Dodds" title="Gil Dodds">Dodds</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1944: <a href="/wiki/Ann_Curtis" title="Ann Curtis">Curtis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1945: <a href="/wiki/Doc_Blanchard" title="Doc Blanchard">Blanchard</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1946: <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Tucker" title="Arnold Tucker">Tucker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1947: <a href="/wiki/John_B._Kelly_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="John B. Kelly Jr.">Kelly Jr.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1948: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Mathias" title="Bob Mathias">Mathias</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1949: <a href="/wiki/Dick_Button" title="Dick Button">Button</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1950: <a href="/wiki/Fred_Wilt" title="Fred Wilt">Wilt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1951: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Richards" title="Bob Richards">Richards</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1952: <a href="/wiki/Horace_Ashenfelter" title="Horace Ashenfelter">Ashenfelter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1953: <a href="/wiki/Sammy_Lee_(diver)" title="Sammy Lee (diver)">Sa. Lee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1954: <a href="/wiki/Mal_Whitfield" title="Mal Whitfield">Whitfield</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1955: <a href="/wiki/Harrison_Dillard" title="Harrison Dillard">Dillard</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1956: <a href="/wiki/Pat_McCormick_(diver)" title="Pat McCormick (diver)">McCormick</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1957: <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Morrow" title="Bobby Morrow">Morrow</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1958: <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Davis_(athlete)" title="Glenn Davis (athlete)">Davis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1959: <a href="/wiki/Parry_O%27Brien" title="Parry O'Brien">O'Brien</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1960: <a href="/wiki/Rafer_Johnson" title="Rafer Johnson">R. Johnson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1961: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rudolph</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1962: <a href="/wiki/Jim_Beatty" title="Jim Beatty">Beatty</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1963: <a href="/wiki/John_Pennel" title="John Pennel">Pennel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1964: <a href="/wiki/Don_Schollander" title="Don Schollander">Schollander</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1965: <a href="/wiki/Bill_Bradley" title="Bill Bradley">Bradley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1966: <a href="/wiki/Jim_Ryun" title="Jim Ryun">Ryun</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1967: <a href="/wiki/Randy_Matson" title="Randy Matson">Matson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1968: <a href="/wiki/Debbie_Meyer" title="Debbie Meyer">Meyer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1969: <a href="/wiki/Bill_Toomey" title="Bill Toomey">Toomey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1970: <a href="/wiki/John_Kinsella_(swimmer)" title="John Kinsella (swimmer)">Kinsella</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1971: <a href="/wiki/Mark_Spitz" title="Mark Spitz">Spitz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1972: <a href="/wiki/Frank_Shorter" title="Frank Shorter">Shorter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/Bill_Walton" title="Bill Walton">Walton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1974: <a href="/wiki/Rick_Wohlhuter" title="Rick Wohlhuter">Wohlhuter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1975: <a href="/wiki/Tim_Shaw_(swimmer)" title="Tim Shaw (swimmer)">Shaw</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1976: <a href="/wiki/Caitlyn_Jenner" title="Caitlyn Jenner">Jenner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1977: <a href="/wiki/John_Naber" title="John Naber">Naber</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1978: <a href="/wiki/Tracy_Caulkins" title="Tracy Caulkins">Caulkins</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1979: <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Thomas_(gymnast)" title="Kurt Thomas (gymnast)">Thomas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1980: <a href="/wiki/Eric_Heiden" title="Eric Heiden">Heiden</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1981: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Lewis" title="Carl Lewis">Lewis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1982: <a href="/wiki/Mary_Decker" title="Mary Decker">Decker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1983: <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Moses" title="Edwin Moses">Moses</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1984: <a href="/wiki/Greg_Louganis" title="Greg Louganis">Louganis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1985: <a href="/wiki/Joan_Benoit" title="Joan Benoit">Benoit</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1986: <a href="/wiki/Jackie_Joyner-Kersee" title="Jackie Joyner-Kersee">Joyner-Kersee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1987: <a href="/wiki/Jim_Abbott" title="Jim Abbott">Abbott</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1988: <a href="/wiki/Florence_Griffith_Joyner" title="Florence Griffith Joyner">Griffith Joyner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1989: <a href="/wiki/Janet_Evans" title="Janet Evans">Evans</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1990: <a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(American_wrestler)" title="John Smith (American wrestler)">Smith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1991: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Powell_(long_jumper)" title="Mike Powell (long jumper)">Powell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1992: <a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Blair" title="Bonnie Blair">Blair</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1993: <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Ward" title="Charlie Ward">Ward</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1994: <a href="/wiki/Dan_Jansen" title="Dan Jansen">Jansen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1995: <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Baumgartner" title="Bruce Baumgartner">Baumgartner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1996: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Johnson_(sprinter)" title="Michael Johnson (sprinter)">M. Johnson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1997: <a href="/wiki/Peyton_Manning" title="Peyton Manning">Manning</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1998: <a href="/wiki/Chamique_Holdsclaw" title="Chamique Holdsclaw">Holdsclaw</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1999: <a href="/wiki/Coco_Miller" title="Coco Miller">C. Miller</a> & <a href="/wiki/Kelly_Miller_(basketball)" title="Kelly Miller (basketball)">K. Miller</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2000: <a href="/wiki/Rulon_Gardner" title="Rulon Gardner">Gardner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2001: <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Kwan" title="Michelle Kwan">Kwan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2002: <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Hughes" title="Sarah Hughes">Hughes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Phelps" title="Michael Phelps">Phelps</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2004: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Hamm" title="Paul Hamm">Hamm</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2005: <a href="/wiki/JJ_Redick" title="JJ Redick">Redick</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2006: <a href="/wiki/Jessica_Long" title="Jessica Long">Long</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2007: <a href="/wiki/Tim_Tebow" title="Tim Tebow">Tebow</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2008: <a href="/wiki/Shawn_Johnson_East" title="Shawn Johnson East">S. Johnson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2009: <a href="/wiki/Amy_Palmiero-Winters" title="Amy Palmiero-Winters">Palmeiro-Winters</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2010: <a href="/wiki/Evan_Lysacek" title="Evan Lysacek">Lysacek</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2011: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Rodriguez_(American_football)" title="Andrew Rodriguez (American football)">Rodriguez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2012: <a href="/wiki/Missy_Franklin" title="Missy Franklin">Franklin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2013: <a href="/wiki/John_Urschel" title="John Urschel">Urschel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2014: <a href="/wiki/Ezekiel_Elliott" title="Ezekiel Elliott">Elliott</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2015: <a href="/wiki/Breanna_Stewart" title="Breanna Stewart">Stewart</a> & <a href="/wiki/Keenan_Reynolds_(American_football)" title="Keenan Reynolds (American football)">Reynolds</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2016: <a href="/wiki/Lauren_Carlini" title="Lauren Carlini">Carlini</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2017: <a href="/wiki/Kyle_Snyder_(wrestler)" title="Kyle Snyder (wrestler)">Snyder</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2018: <a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Plummer" title="Kathryn Plummer">Plummer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2019: <a href="/wiki/Sabrina_Ionescu" title="Sabrina Ionescu">Ionescu</a> & <a href="/wiki/Spencer_Lee" title="Spencer Lee">Sp. Lee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2020: No award</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2021: <a href="/wiki/Simone_Biles" title="Simone Biles">Biles</a> & <a href="/wiki/Caeleb_Dressel" title="Caeleb Dressel">Dressel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2022: <a href="/wiki/Carissa_Moore" title="Carissa Moore">Moore</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2023: <a href="/wiki/Caitlin_Clark" title="Caitlin Clark">Clark</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Inductees_to_the_National_Women&#039;s_Hall_of_Fame" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:National Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:National Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Inductees_to_the_National_Women&#039;s_Hall_of_Fame" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Inductees to the <a href="/wiki/National_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="National Women's Hall of Fame">National Women's Hall of Fame</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1970–1979" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1970–1979</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1973</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Addams" title="Jane Addams">Jane Addams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_Anderson" title="Marian Anderson">Marian Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_B._Anthony" title="Susan B. Anthony">Susan B. Anthony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Barton" title="Clara Barton">Clara Barton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_McLeod_Bethune" title="Mary McLeod Bethune">Mary McLeod Bethune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackwell" title="Elizabeth Blackwell">Elizabeth Blackwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_S._Buck" title="Pearl S. Buck">Pearl S. Buck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Carson" title="Rachel Carson">Rachel Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Cassatt" title="Mary Cassatt">Mary Cassatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Dickinson" title="Emily Dickinson">Emily Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amelia_Earhart" title="Amelia Earhart">Amelia Earhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Hamilton" title="Alice Hamilton">Alice Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Hayes" title="Helen Hayes">Helen Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Keller" title="Helen Keller">Helen Keller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Eleanor Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_R._Sabin" title="Florence R. Sabin">Florence Sabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Chase_Smith" title="Margaret Chase Smith">Margaret Chase Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Cady_Stanton" title="Elizabeth Cady Stanton">Elizabeth Cady Stanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_B._Taussig" title="Helen B. Taussig">Helen Brooke Taussig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Tubman" title="Harriet Tubman">Harriet Tubman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abigail_Adams" title="Abigail Adams">Abigail Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Mead" title="Margaret Mead">Margaret Mead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babe_Didrikson_Zaharias" title="Babe Didrikson Zaharias">Mildred "Babe" Didrikson Zaharias</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1979</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dorothea_Dix" title="Dorothea Dix">Dorothea Dix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juliette_Gordon_Low" title="Juliette Gordon Low">Juliette Gordon Low</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Paul" title="Alice Paul">Alice Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Ann_Seton" title="Elizabeth Ann Seton">Elizabeth Bayley Seton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1980–1989" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1980–1989</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1981</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Sanger" title="Margaret Sanger">Margaret Sanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sojourner_Truth" title="Sojourner Truth">Sojourner Truth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1982</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carrie_Chapman_Catt" title="Carrie Chapman Catt">Carrie Chapman Catt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Perkins" title="Frances Perkins">Frances Perkins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1983</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belva_Ann_Lockwood" title="Belva Ann Lockwood">Belva Lockwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucretia_Mott" title="Lucretia Mott">Lucretia Mott</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1984</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Jones" title="Mother Jones">Mary "Mother" Harris Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Smith" title="Bessie Smith">Bessie Smith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1986</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_McClintock" title="Barbara McClintock">Barbara McClintock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Stone" title="Lucy Stone">Lucy Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Beecher_Stowe" title="Harriet Beecher Stowe">Harriet Beecher Stowe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1988</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gwendolyn_Brooks" title="Gwendolyn Brooks">Gwendolyn Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willa_Cather" title="Willa Cather">Willa Cather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sally_Ride" title="Sally Ride">Sally Ride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Risteau" title="Mary Risteau">Mary Risteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ida_B._Wells" title="Ida B. Wells">Ida B. Wells-Barnett</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1990–1999" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1990–1999</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Bourke-White" title="Margaret Bourke-White">Margaret Bourke-White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Jordan" title="Barbara Jordan">Barbara Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billie_Jean_King" title="Billie Jean King">Billie Jean King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_B._Seibert" title="Florence B. Seibert">Florence B. Seibert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1991</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_B._Elion" title="Gertrude B. Elion">Gertrude Belle Elion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1993</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethel_Percy_Andrus" title="Ethel Percy Andrus">Ethel Percy Andrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoinette_Brown_Blackwell" title="Antoinette Brown Blackwell">Antoinette Blackwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Blackwell" title="Emily Blackwell">Emily Blackwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Chisholm" title="Shirley Chisholm">Shirley Chisholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Cochran" title="Jacqueline Cochran">Jacqueline Cochran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Johnson_Colvin" title="Ruth Johnson Colvin">Ruth Colvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_Wright_Edelman" title="Marian Wright Edelman">Marian Wright Edelman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Catherine_Evans" title="Alice Catherine Evans">Alice Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Friedan" title="Betty Friedan">Betty Friedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Grasso" title="Ella Grasso">Ella Grasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Griffiths" title="Martha Griffiths">Martha Wright Griffiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fannie_Lou_Hamer" title="Fannie Lou Hamer">Fannie Lou Hamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Height" title="Dorothy Height">Dorothy Height</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolores_Huerta" title="Dolores Huerta">Dolores Huerta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Putnam_Jacobi" title="Mary Putnam Jacobi">Mary Putnam Jacobi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mae_Jemison" title="Mae Jemison">Mae Jemison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Lyon" title="Mary Lyon">Mary Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Eliza_Mahoney" title="Mary Eliza Mahoney">Mary Mahoney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilma_Mankiller" title="Wilma Mankiller">Wilma Mankiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constance_Baker_Motley" title="Constance Baker Motley">Constance Baker Motley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_O%27Keeffe" title="Georgia O'Keeffe">Georgia O'Keeffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Oakley" title="Annie Oakley">Annie Oakley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks">Rosa Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esther_Peterson" title="Esther Peterson">Esther Peterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeannette_Rankin" title="Jeannette Rankin">Jeannette Rankin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Swallow_Richards" title="Ellen Swallow Richards">Ellen Swallow Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_Roulet" title="Elaine Roulet">Elaine Roulet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Siva_Saubel" title="Katherine Siva Saubel">Katherine Siva Saubel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Steinem" title="Gloria Steinem">Gloria Steinem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Stephens" title="Helen Stephens">Helen Stephens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillian_Wald" title="Lillian Wald">Lillian Wald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madam_C._J._Walker" title="Madam C. J. Walker">Madam C. J. Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faye_Wattleton" title="Faye Wattleton">Faye Wattleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosalyn_Sussman_Yalow" title="Rosalyn Sussman Yalow">Rosalyn S. Yalow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Yerkovich" title="Gloria Yerkovich">Gloria Yerkovich</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1994</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bella_Abzug" title="Bella Abzug">Bella Abzug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Baker" title="Ella Baker">Ella Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myra_Bradwell" title="Myra Bradwell">Myra Bradwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Jump_Cannon" title="Annie Jump Cannon">Annie Jump Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Cunningham_Croly" title="Jane Cunningham Croly">Jane Cunningham Croly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Shipe_East" title="Catherine Shipe East">Catherine East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Ferraro" title="Geraldine Ferraro">Geraldine Ferraro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Perkins_Gilman" title="Charlotte Perkins Gilman">Charlotte Perkins Gilman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Hopper" title="Grace Hopper">Grace Hopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_LaKelly_Hunt" title="Helen LaKelly Hunt">Helen LaKelly Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zora_Neale_Hurston" title="Zora Neale Hurston">Zora Neale Hurston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Hutchinson" title="Anne Hutchinson">Anne Hutchinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Wisebart_Jacobs" title="Frances Wisebart Jacobs">Frances Wisebart Jacobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susette_La_Flesche" title="Susette La Flesche">Susette La Flesche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_McManus" title="Louise McManus">Louise McManus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Mitchell" title="Maria Mitchell">Maria Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonia_Novello" title="Antonia Novello">Antonia Novello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Richards" title="Linda Richards">Linda Richards</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilma Rudolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Bone_Schiess" title="Betty Bone Schiess">Betty Bone Schiess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muriel_Siebert" title="Muriel Siebert">Muriel Siebert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nettie_Stevens" title="Nettie Stevens">Nettie Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey" title="Oprah Winfrey">Oprah Winfrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Winnemucca" title="Sarah Winnemucca">Sarah Winnemucca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Wright" title="Frances Wright">Fanny Wright</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1995</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Apgar" title="Virginia Apgar">Virginia Apgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Bancroft" title="Ann Bancroft">Ann Bancroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amelia_Bloomer" title="Amelia Bloomer">Amelia Bloomer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Carson_Breckinridge" title="Mary Carson Breckinridge">Mary Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileen_Collins" title="Eileen Collins">Eileen Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Dole" title="Elizabeth Dole">Elizabeth Hanford Dole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Dallas_Dudley" title="Anne Dallas Dudley">Anne Dallas Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Baker_Eddy" title="Mary Baker Eddy">Mary Baker Eddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Fitzgerald" title="Ella Fitzgerald">Ella Fitzgerald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Fuller" title="Margaret Fuller">Margaret Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matilda_Joslyn_Gage" title="Matilda Joslyn Gage">Matilda Joslyn Gage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillian_Moller_Gilbreth" title="Lillian Moller Gilbreth">Lillian Moller Gilbreth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nannerl_O._Keohane" title="Nannerl O. Keohane">Nannerl O. Keohane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Kuhn" title="Maggie Kuhn">Maggie Kuhn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Day_O%27Connor" title="Sandra Day O'Connor">Sandra Day O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephine_St._Pierre_Ruffin" title="Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin">Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Schroeder" title="Pat Schroeder">Pat Schroeder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_G._Solomon" title="Hannah G. Solomon">Hannah Greenebaum Solomon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1996</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louisa_May_Alcott" title="Louisa May Alcott">Louisa May Alcott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Bunch" title="Charlotte Bunch">Charlotte Anne Bunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Xavier_Cabrini" title="Frances Xavier Cabrini">Frances Xavier Cabrini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Hallaren" title="Mary Hallaren">Mary A. Hallaren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oveta_Culp_Hobby" title="Oveta Culp Hobby">Oveta Culp Hobby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelmina_Holladay" title="Wilhelmina Holladay">Wilhelmina Cole Holladay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Morrow_Lindbergh" title="Anne Morrow Lindbergh">Anne Morrow Lindbergh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Goeppert_Mayer" title="Maria Goeppert Mayer">Maria Goeppert Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernestine_Rose" title="Ernestine Rose">Ernestine Louise Potowski Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Tallchief" title="Maria Tallchief">Maria Tallchief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Wharton" title="Edith Wharton">Edith Wharton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1998</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_Albright" title="Madeleine Albright">Madeleine Albright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_Angelou" title="Maya Angelou">Maya Angelou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellie_Bly" title="Nellie Bly">Nellie Bly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydia_Moss_Bradley" title="Lydia Moss Bradley">Lydia Moss Bradley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Calderone" title="Mary Calderone">Mary Steichen Calderone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Ann_Shadd" title="Mary Ann Shadd">Mary Ann Shadd Cary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Ganz_Cooney" title="Joan Ganz Cooney">Joan Ganz Cooney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerty_Cori" title="Gerty Cori">Gerty Cori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Moore_Grimk%C3%A9" title="Sarah Moore Grimké">Sarah Grimké</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Ward_Howe" title="Julia Ward Howe">Julia Ward Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" title="Shirley Ann Jackson">Shirley Ann Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shannon_Lucid" title="Shannon Lucid">Shannon Lucid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharine_McCormick" title="Katharine McCormick">Katharine Dexter McCormick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rozanne_L._Ridgway" title="Rozanne L. Ridgway">Rozanne L. Ridgway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Nourse_Rogers" title="Edith Nourse Rogers">Edith Nourse Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felice_Schwartz" title="Felice Schwartz">Felice Schwartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver" title="Eunice Kennedy Shriver">Eunice Kennedy Shriver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Sills" title="Beverly Sills">Beverly Sills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Wald" title="Florence Wald">Florence Wald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelina_Grimk%C3%A9" title="Angelina Grimké">Angelina Grimké Weld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chien-Shiung_Wu" title="Chien-Shiung Wu">Chien-Shiung Wu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2000–2009" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2000–2009</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faye_Glenn_Abdellah" title="Faye Glenn Abdellah">Faye Glenn Abdellah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Smith_DeVoe" title="Emma Smith DeVoe">Emma Smith DeVoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjory_Stoneman_Douglas" title="Marjory Stoneman Douglas">Marjory Stoneman Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Dyer" title="Mary Dyer">Mary Dyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Earle" title="Sylvia Earle">Sylvia A. Earle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Eastman" title="Crystal Eastman">Crystal Eastman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_M._Holm" title="Jeanne M. Holm">Jeanne Holm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leontine_T._Kelly" title="Leontine T. Kelly">Leontine T. Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Oldham_Kelsey" title="Frances Oldham Kelsey">Frances Oldham Kelsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Mullany" title="Kate Mullany">Kate Mullany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Reno" title="Janet Reno">Janet Reno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Howard_Shaw" title="Anna Howard Shaw">Anna Howard Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophia_Smith_(Smith_College)" title="Sophia Smith (Smith College)">Sophia Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ida_Tarbell" title="Ida Tarbell">Ida Tarbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilma_Vaught" title="Wilma Vaught">Wilma L. Vaught</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Edwards_Walker" title="Mary Edwards Walker">Mary Edwards Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Dodge_Wauneka" title="Annie Dodge Wauneka">Annie Dodge Wauneka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudora_Welty" title="Eudora Welty">Eudora Welty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Willard" title="Frances Willard">Frances E. Willard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Hansine_Andersen" title="Dorothy Hansine Andersen">Dorothy H. Andersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball">Lucille Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosalynn_Carter" title="Rosalynn Carter">Rosalynn Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydia_Maria_Child" title="Lydia Maria Child">Lydia Maria Child</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Coleman" title="Bessie Coleman">Bessie Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Day" title="Dorothy Day">Dorothy Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_de_Forest" title="Marian de Forest">Marian de Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Althea_Gibson" title="Althea Gibson">Althea Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrice_Hicks" title="Beatrice Hicks">Beatrice A. Hicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Holdridge" title="Barbara Holdridge">Barbara Holdridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Williams_Russell_Strong" title="Harriet Williams Russell Strong">Harriet Williams Russell Strong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Howell_Warner" title="Emily Howell Warner">Emily Howell Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Woodhull" title="Victoria Woodhull">Victoria Woodhull</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2002</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paulina_Kellogg_Wright_Davis" class="mw-redirect" title="Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis">Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg" title="Ruth Bader Ginsburg">Ruth Bader Ginsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharine_Graham" title="Katharine Graham">Katharine Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertha_Holt" title="Bertha Holt">Bertha Holt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Engle_Pennington" title="Mary Engle Pennington">Mary Engle Pennington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercy_Otis_Warren" title="Mercy Otis Warren">Mercy Otis Warren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2003</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linda_G._Alvarado" title="Linda G. Alvarado">Linda G. Alvarado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna_de_Varona" title="Donna de Varona">Donna de Varona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Ederle" title="Gertrude Ederle">Gertrude Ederle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Matilda_Harper" title="Martha Matilda Harper">Martha Matilda Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Roberts_Harris" title="Patricia Roberts Harris">Patricia Roberts Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Kwolek" title="Stephanie Kwolek">Stephanie L. Kwolek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothea_Lange" title="Dorothea Lange">Dorothea Lange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Robbins_Leet" title="Mildred Robbins Leet">Mildred Robbins Leet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patsy_Mink" title="Patsy Mink">Patsy Takemoto Mink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacagawea" title="Sacagawea">Sacagawea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Sullivan" title="Anne Sullivan">Anne Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Widnall" title="Sheila Widnall">Sheila E. Widnall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2005</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Florence_E._Allen" title="Florence E. Allen">Florence E. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Benedict" title="Ruth Benedict">Ruth Fulton Benedict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Bumpers" title="Betty Bumpers">Betty Bumpers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_R._Colwell" title="Rita R. Colwell">Rita Rossi Colwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_Cope" title="Marianne Cope">Mother Marianne Cope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_Lin" title="Maya Lin">Maya Y. Lin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Locke" title="Patricia Locke">Patricia A. Locke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanche_Scott" class="mw-redirect" title="Blanche Scott">Blanche Stuart Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Burnett_Talbert" title="Mary Burnett Talbert">Mary Burnett Talbert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2007</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_K._Baum" title="Eleanor K. Baum">Eleanor K. Baum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Child" title="Julia Child">Julia Child</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Coffin_Wright" title="Martha Coffin Wright">Martha Coffin Pelham Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swanee_Hunt" title="Swanee Hunt">Swanee Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winona_LaDuke" title="Winona LaDuke">Winona LaDuke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_K%C3%BCbler-Ross" title="Elisabeth Kübler-Ross">Elisabeth Kübler-Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Pipher" title="Judith Pipher">Judith L. Pipher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Filene_Shouse" title="Catherine Filene Shouse">Catherine Filene Shouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Szold" title="Henrietta Szold">Henrietta Szold</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2009</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Bourgeois" title="Louise Bourgeois">Louise Bourgeois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Cohn" title="Mildred Cohn">Mildred Cohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_DeCrow" title="Karen DeCrow">Karen DeCrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Kelly-Dreiss" title="Susan Kelly-Dreiss">Susan Kelly-Dreiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allie_B._Latimer" title="Allie B. Latimer">Allie B. Latimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Lazarus" title="Emma Lazarus">Emma Lazarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Patrick" title="Ruth Patrick">Ruth Patrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Talbot_Perkins" title="Rebecca Talbot Perkins">Rebecca Talbot Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Solomon" title="Susan Solomon">Susan Solomon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Stoneman" title="Kate Stoneman">Kate Stoneman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2010–2019" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2010–2019</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2011</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katharine_Drexel" title="Katharine Drexel">St. Katharine Drexel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Harrison_Eustis" title="Dorothy Harrison Eustis">Dorothy Harrison Eustis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loretta_Ford" title="Loretta Ford">Loretta C. Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abby_Kelley_Foster" title="Abby Kelley Foster">Abby Kelley Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Murray_Free" title="Helen Murray Free">Helen Murray Free</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billie_Holiday" title="Billie Holiday">Billie Holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coretta_Scott_King" title="Coretta Scott King">Coretta Scott King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilly_Ledbetter" title="Lilly Ledbetter">Lilly Ledbetter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">Barbara A. Mikulski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna_Shalala" title="Donna Shalala">Donna E. Shalala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathrine_Switzer" title="Kathrine Switzer">Kathrine Switzer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2013</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford">Betty Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ina_May_Gaskin" title="Ina May Gaskin">Ina May Gaskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Krone" title="Julie Krone">Julie Krone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Millett" title="Kate Millett">Kate Millett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Joseph_Rogers" title="Mary Joseph Rogers">Mary Joseph Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernice_Sandler" title="Bernice Sandler">Bernice Sandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Schwartz" title="Anna Schwartz">Anna Schwartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Willard" title="Emma Willard">Emma Willard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2015</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tenley_Albright" title="Tenley Albright">Tenley Albright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Brinker" title="Nancy Brinker">Nancy Brinker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Graham" title="Martha Graham">Martha Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcia_Greenberger" title="Marcia Greenberger">Marcia Greenberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Iglewski" title="Barbara Iglewski">Barbara Iglewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Kilbourne" title="Jean Kilbourne">Jean Kilbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlotta_Walls_LaNier" title="Carlotta Walls LaNier">Carlotta Walls LaNier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippa_Marrack" title="Philippa Marrack">Philippa Marrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Harriman_Rumsey" title="Mary Harriman Rumsey">Mary Harriman Rumsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Smeal" title="Eleanor Smeal">Eleanor Smeal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2017</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matilda_Cuomo" title="Matilda Cuomo">Matilda Cuomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Grandin" title="Temple Grandin">Temple Grandin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorraine_Hansberry" title="Lorraine Hansberry">Lorraine Hansberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Jackson_(entrepreneur)" title="Victoria Jackson (entrepreneur)">Victoria Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherry_Lansing" title="Sherry Lansing">Sherry Lansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_Boothe_Luce" title="Clare Boothe Luce">Clare Boothe Luce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aimee_Mullins" title="Aimee Mullins">Aimee Mullins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Mutter" title="Carol Mutter">Carol Mutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Rowley" title="Janet Rowley">Janet Rowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Waters" title="Alice Waters">Alice Waters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2019</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Allred" title="Gloria Allred">Gloria Allred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Davis" title="Angela Davis">Angela Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Deer" title="Sarah Deer">Sarah Deer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Malachowski" title="Nicole Malachowski">Nicole Malachowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_O%27Neill" title="Rose O'Neill">Rose O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Slaughter" title="Louise Slaughter">Louise Slaughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurie_Spiegel" title="Laurie Spiegel">Laurie Spiegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flossie_Wong-Staal" title="Flossie Wong-Staal">Flossie Wong-Staal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2020–2029" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2020–2029</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aretha_Franklin" title="Aretha Franklin">Aretha Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Hillary_(adventurer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbara Hillary (adventurer)">Barbara Hillary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Rose_Johns" title="Barbara Rose Johns">Barbara Rose Johns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Lacks" title="Henrietta Lacks">Henrietta Lacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toni_Morrison" title="Toni Morrison">Toni Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Church_Terrell" title="Mary Church Terrell">Mary Church Terrell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2022</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Octavia_E._Butler" title="Octavia E. Butler">Octavia E. Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Chicago" title="Judy Chicago">Judy Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_S._Halstead" title="Rebecca S. Halstead">Rebecca S. Halstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mia_Hamm" title="Mia Hamm">Mia Hamm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joy_Harjo" title="Joy Harjo">Joy Harjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Howland" title="Emily Howland">Emily Howland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Johnson" title="Katherine Johnson">Katherine Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indra_Nooyi" title="Indra Nooyi">Indra Nooyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Obama" title="Michelle Obama">Michelle Obama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2024</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Bath" title="Patricia Bath">Patricia Bath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_Bridges" title="Ruby Bridges">Ruby Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elouise_P._Cobell" title="Elouise P. Cobell">Elouise P. Cobell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimberl%C3%A9_Crenshaw" title="Kimberlé Crenshaw">Kimberlé Crenshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peggy_McIntosh" title="Peggy McIntosh">Peggy McIntosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Plaskow" title="Judith Plaskow">Judith Plaskow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loretta_Ross" title="Loretta Ross">Loretta Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Stone_(artist)" title="Sandy Stone (artist)">Sandy Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Wessels_Williams" title="Anna Wessels Williams">Anna Wessels Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serena_Williams" title="Serena Williams">Serena Williams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Associated_Press_Female_Athlete_of_the_Year" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Associated_Press_Female_Athlete_of_the_Year_navbox" title="Template:Associated Press Female Athlete of the Year navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Associated_Press_Female_Athlete_of_the_Year_navbox" title="Template talk:Associated Press Female Athlete of the Year navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Associated_Press_Female_Athlete_of_the_Year_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Associated Press Female Athlete of the Year navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Associated_Press_Female_Athlete_of_the_Year" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press_Athlete_of_the_Year" title="Associated Press Athlete of the Year">Associated Press Female Athlete of the Year</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1931: <a href="/wiki/Helene_Madison" title="Helene Madison">Helene Madison</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1932: <a href="/wiki/Babe_Didrikson_Zaharias" title="Babe Didrikson Zaharias">Babe Didrikson Zaharias</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1933: <a href="/wiki/Helen_Jacobs" title="Helen Jacobs">Helen Jacobs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1934: <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Van_Wie" title="Virginia Van Wie">Virginia Van Wie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1935: <a href="/wiki/Helen_Wills" title="Helen Wills">Helen Wills</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1936: <a href="/wiki/Helen_Stephens" title="Helen Stephens">Helen Stephens</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1937: <a href="/wiki/Katherine_Rawls" title="Katherine Rawls">Katherine Rawls</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1938: <a href="/wiki/Patty_Berg" title="Patty Berg">Patty Berg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1939: <a href="/wiki/Alice_Marble" title="Alice Marble">Alice Marble</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1940: <a href="/wiki/Alice_Marble" title="Alice Marble">Alice Marble</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1941: <a href="/wiki/Betty_Hicks" title="Betty Hicks">Betty Hicks</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1942: <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Callen" title="Gloria Callen">Gloria Callen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1943: <a href="/wiki/Patty_Berg" title="Patty Berg">Patty Berg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1944: <a href="/wiki/Ann_Curtis" title="Ann Curtis">Ann Curtis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1945: <a href="/wiki/Babe_Didrikson_Zaharias" title="Babe Didrikson Zaharias">Babe Didrikson Zaharias</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1946: <a href="/wiki/Babe_Didrikson_Zaharias" title="Babe Didrikson Zaharias">Babe Didrikson Zaharias</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1947: <a href="/wiki/Babe_Didrikson_Zaharias" title="Babe Didrikson Zaharias">Babe Didrikson Zaharias</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1948: <a href="/wiki/Fanny_Blankers-Koen" title="Fanny Blankers-Koen">Fanny Blankers-Koen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1949: <a href="/wiki/Marlene_Hagge" title="Marlene Hagge">Marlene Hagge</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1950: <a href="/wiki/Babe_Didrikson_Zaharias" title="Babe Didrikson Zaharias">Babe Didrikson Zaharias</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1951: <a href="/wiki/Maureen_Connolly" title="Maureen Connolly">Maureen Connolly</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1952: <a href="/wiki/Maureen_Connolly" title="Maureen Connolly">Maureen Connolly</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1953: <a href="/wiki/Maureen_Connolly" title="Maureen Connolly">Maureen Connolly</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1954: <a href="/wiki/Babe_Didrikson_Zaharias" title="Babe Didrikson Zaharias">Babe Didrikson Zaharias</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1955: <a href="/wiki/Patty_Berg" title="Patty Berg">Patty Berg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1956: <a href="/wiki/Pat_McCormick_(diver)" title="Pat McCormick (diver)">Pat McCormick</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1957: <a href="/wiki/Althea_Gibson" title="Althea Gibson">Althea Gibson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1958: <a href="/wiki/Althea_Gibson" title="Althea Gibson">Althea Gibson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1959: <a href="/wiki/Maria_Bueno" title="Maria Bueno">Maria Bueno</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1960: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilma Rudolph</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1961: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilma Rudolph</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1962: <a href="/wiki/Dawn_Fraser" title="Dawn Fraser">Dawn Fraser</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1963: <a href="/wiki/Mickey_Wright" title="Mickey Wright">Mickey Wright</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1964: <a href="/wiki/Mickey_Wright" title="Mickey Wright">Mickey Wright</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1965: <a href="/wiki/Kathy_Whitworth" title="Kathy Whitworth">Kathy Whitworth</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1966: <a href="/wiki/Kathy_Whitworth" title="Kathy Whitworth">Kathy Whitworth</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1967: <a href="/wiki/Billie_Jean_King" title="Billie Jean King">Billie Jean King</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1968: <a href="/wiki/Peggy_Fleming" title="Peggy Fleming">Peggy Fleming</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1969: <a href="/wiki/Debbie_Meyer" title="Debbie Meyer">Debbie Meyer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1970: <a href="/wiki/Chi_Cheng_(athlete)" title="Chi Cheng (athlete)">Chi Cheng</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1971: <a href="/wiki/Evonne_Goolagong_Cawley" title="Evonne Goolagong Cawley">Evonne Goolagong</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1972: <a href="/wiki/Olga_Korbut" title="Olga Korbut">Olga Korbut</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/Billie_Jean_King" title="Billie Jean King">Billie Jean King</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1974: <a href="/wiki/Chris_Evert" title="Chris Evert">Chris Evert</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1975: <a href="/wiki/Chris_Evert" title="Chris Evert">Chris Evert</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1976: <a href="/wiki/Nadia_Com%C4%83neci" title="Nadia Comăneci">Nadia Comăneci</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1977: <a href="/wiki/Chris_Evert" title="Chris Evert">Chris Evert</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1978: <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Lopez" title="Nancy Lopez">Nancy Lopez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1979: <a href="/wiki/Tracy_Austin" title="Tracy Austin">Tracy Austin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1980: <a href="/wiki/Chris_Evert" title="Chris Evert">Chris Evert</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1981: <a href="/wiki/Tracy_Austin" title="Tracy Austin">Tracy Austin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1982: <a href="/wiki/Mary_Decker" title="Mary Decker">Mary Decker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1983: <a href="/wiki/Martina_Navratilova" title="Martina Navratilova">Martina Navratilova</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1984: <a href="/wiki/Mary_Lou_Retton" title="Mary Lou Retton">Mary Lou Retton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1985: <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Lopez" title="Nancy Lopez">Nancy Lopez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1986: <a href="/wiki/Martina_Navratilova" title="Martina Navratilova">Martina Navratilova</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1987: <a href="/wiki/Jackie_Joyner-Kersee" title="Jackie Joyner-Kersee">Jackie Joyner-Kersee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1988: <a href="/wiki/Florence_Griffith_Joyner" title="Florence Griffith Joyner">Florence Griffith Joyner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1989: <a href="/wiki/Steffi_Graf" title="Steffi Graf">Steffi Graf</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1990: <a href="/wiki/Beth_Daniel" title="Beth Daniel">Beth Daniel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1991: <a href="/wiki/Monica_Seles" title="Monica Seles">Monica Seles</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1992: <a href="/wiki/Monica_Seles" title="Monica Seles">Monica Seles</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1993: <a href="/wiki/Sheryl_Swoopes" title="Sheryl Swoopes">Sheryl Swoopes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1994: <a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Blair" title="Bonnie Blair">Bonnie Blair</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1995: <a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Lobo" title="Rebecca Lobo">Rebecca Lobo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1996: <a href="/wiki/Amy_Van_Dyken" title="Amy Van Dyken">Amy Van Dyken</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1997: <a href="/wiki/Martina_Hingis" title="Martina Hingis">Martina Hingis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1998: <a href="/wiki/Pak_Se-ri" title="Pak Se-ri">Pak Se-ri</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1999: <a href="/wiki/United_States_women%27s_national_soccer_team" title="United States women's national soccer team">United States women's national soccer team</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2000: <a href="/wiki/Marion_Jones" title="Marion Jones">Marion Jones</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2001: <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Capriati" title="Jennifer Capriati">Jennifer Capriati</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2002: <a href="/wiki/Serena_Williams" title="Serena Williams">Serena Williams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/Annika_S%C3%B6renstam" title="Annika Sörenstam">Annika Sörenstam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2004: <a href="/wiki/Annika_S%C3%B6renstam" title="Annika Sörenstam">Annika Sörenstam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2005: <a href="/wiki/Annika_S%C3%B6renstam" title="Annika Sörenstam">Annika Sörenstam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2006: <a href="/wiki/Lorena_Ochoa" title="Lorena Ochoa">Lorena Ochoa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2007: <a href="/wiki/Lorena_Ochoa" title="Lorena Ochoa">Lorena Ochoa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2008: <a href="/wiki/Candace_Parker" title="Candace Parker">Candace Parker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2009: <a href="/wiki/Serena_Williams" title="Serena Williams">Serena Williams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2010: <a href="/wiki/Lindsey_Vonn" title="Lindsey Vonn">Lindsey Vonn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2011: <a href="/wiki/Abby_Wambach" title="Abby Wambach">Abby Wambach</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2012: <a href="/wiki/Gabby_Douglas" title="Gabby Douglas">Gabby Douglas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2013: <a href="/wiki/Serena_Williams" title="Serena Williams">Serena Williams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2014: <a href="/wiki/Mo%27ne_Davis" title="Mo'ne Davis">Mo'ne Davis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2015: <a href="/wiki/Serena_Williams" title="Serena Williams">Serena Williams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2016: <a href="/wiki/Simone_Biles" title="Simone Biles">Simone Biles</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2017: <a href="/wiki/Katie_Ledecky" title="Katie Ledecky">Katie Ledecky</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2018: <a href="/wiki/Serena_Williams" title="Serena Williams">Serena Williams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2019: <a href="/wiki/Simone_Biles" title="Simone Biles">Simone Biles</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2020: <a href="/wiki/Naomi_Osaka" title="Naomi Osaka">Naomi Osaka</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2021: <a href="/wiki/Candace_Parker" title="Candace Parker">Candace Parker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2022: <a href="/wiki/Katie_Ledecky" title="Katie Ledecky">Katie Ledecky</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2023: <a href="/wiki/Simone_Biles" title="Simone Biles">Simone Biles</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="NAACP_Image_Award_–_Jackie_Robinson_Sports_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NAACP_Image_Award_%E2%80%93_Jackie_Robinson_Sports_Award" title="Template:NAACP Image Award – Jackie Robinson Sports Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NAACP_Image_Award_%E2%80%93_Jackie_Robinson_Sports_Award" title="Template talk:NAACP Image Award – Jackie Robinson Sports Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NAACP_Image_Award_%E2%80%93_Jackie_Robinson_Sports_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NAACP Image Award – Jackie Robinson Sports Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="NAACP_Image_Award_–_Jackie_Robinson_Sports_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/NAACP_Image_Award_%E2%80%93_Jackie_Robinson_Sports_Award" title="NAACP Image Award – Jackie Robinson Sports Award">NAACP Image Award – Jackie Robinson Sports Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wilma Rudolph</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harlem_Globetrotters" title="Harlem Globetrotters">Harlem Globetrotters</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Joyner-Kersee" title="Jackie Joyner-Kersee">Jackie Joyner-Kersee</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Robinson" title="Sugar Ray Robinson">Sugar Ray Robinson</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Campanella" title="Roy Campanella">Roy Campanella</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anita_DeFrantz" title="Anita DeFrantz">Anita DeFrantz</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_Johnson" title="Magic Johnson">Magic Johnson</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Robinson_(American_football_coach)" title="Eddie Robinson (American football coach)">Eddie Robinson</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Brown" title="Jim Brown">Jim Brown</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Jordan" title="Michael Jordan">Michael Jordan</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LeBron_James" title="LeBron James">LeBron James</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Curry" title="Stephen Curry">Stephen Curry</a> / WNBA Players Association (2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31083#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31083#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31083#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000078633001">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/69770651">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/199243/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJy4hcwJc4WTMMttx7QQbd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/120858681">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n86116402">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p195551141">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=344562">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007322242805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wilma RUDOLPH"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iaaf.org/athletes/_/14372878">World Athletics</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd120858681.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/120858681">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/152911774">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10570651">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w608766d">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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