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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_policies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_policies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Government policies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_policies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_heritage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_heritage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Cultural heritage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultural_heritage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Features</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Features-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Features subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vowels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vowels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Vowels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vowels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consonants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consonants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Consonants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consonants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cognitive_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cognitive_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Cognitive features</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cognitive_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Others" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Others"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Others</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Others-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " 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Available in 36 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo_Gomero" title="Silbo Gomero – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Silbo Gomero" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="لغة الصفير – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لغة الصفير" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo_Qomero" title="Silbo Qomero – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Silbo Qomero" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Силбо – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Силбо" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiulet_gomerenc" title="Xiulet gomerenc – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Xiulet gomerenc" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo_gomero" title="Silbo gomero – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Silbo gomero" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Silbo" title="El Silbo – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="El Silbo" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo" title="Silbo – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Silbo" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo_gomero" title="Silbo gomero – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Silbo gomero" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo" title="Silbo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Silbo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gomerako_txistua" title="Gomerako txistua – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gomerako txistua" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo" title="Silbo – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Silbo" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asub%C3%ADo_gomero" title="Asubío gomero – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Asubío gomero" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%A2%D5%B8_%D4%B3%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B5%D5%B8" title="Սիլբո Գոմերյո – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սիլբո Գոմերյո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo_Gomero" title="Silbo Gomero – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Silbo Gomero" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo_Gomero" title="Silbo Gomero – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Silbo Gomero" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo_gomero" title="Silbo gomero – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Silbo gomero" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbus_Gomerensis" title="Silbus Gomerensis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Silbus Gomerensis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo_Gomero_kalba" title="Silbo Gomero kalba – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Silbo Gomero kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_silbo" title="El silbo – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="El silbo" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo" title="Silbo – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Silbo" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo_Gomero" title="Silbo Gomero – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Silbo Gomero" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9C" title="シルボ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シルボ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo_gomero" title="Silbo gomero – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Silbo gomero" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo_gomero" title="Silbo gomero – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Silbo gomero" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_silbo" title="Język silbo – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język silbo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo_Gomero" title="Silbo Gomero – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Silbo Gomero" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluieratul_%C3%AEn_Insula_La_Gomera" title="Fluieratul în Insula La Gomera – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fluieratul în Insula La Gomera" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%BE_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Сильбо гомеро – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сильбо гомеро" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo_Gomero" title="Silbo Gomero – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Silbo Gomero" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Силбо Гомеро – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Силбо Гомеро" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo" title="Silbo – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Silbo" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo_gomero" title="Silbo gomero – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Silbo gomero" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%BE_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Сільбо гомеро – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сільбо гомеро" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbo_Gomero" title="Silbo Gomero – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Silbo Gomero" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%9A%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%9A%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B3" title="ⴰⵚⵉⵏⵚⵉⴳ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵚⵉⵏⵚⵉⴳ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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searchaux" style="display:none">Whistled language</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="font-size:125%; color: black; background-color: #c9ffd9;">Silbo Gomero</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:El_Silbo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/El_Silbo.jpg/200px-El_Silbo.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/El_Silbo.jpg/300px-El_Silbo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/El_Silbo.jpg/400px-El_Silbo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1326" data-file-height="1858" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Native to</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Region</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Native speakers</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">22,000</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">Language family</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Indo-European_languages" title="Indo-European languages">Indo-European</a> <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> <a href="/wiki/Italic_languages" title="Italic languages">Italic</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Latino-Faliscan_languages" title="Latino-Faliscan languages">Latino-Faliscan</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Romance_languages" title="Romance languages">Romance</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Italo-Western_languages" title="Italo-Western languages">Italo-Western</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Romance_languages" title="Western Romance languages">Western Romance</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Gallo-Romance_languages" title="Gallo-Romance languages">Gallo</a>-<a href="/wiki/Iberian_Romance_languages" title="Iberian Romance languages">Iberian</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Romance_languages" title="Iberian Romance languages">Ibero-Romance</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/West_Iberian_languages" title="West Iberian languages">West Iberian</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Castilian_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Castilian languages">Castilian</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><b>Silbo Gomero</b></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #c9ffd9;">Language codes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">–</td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236303919">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}</style> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #eee; font-size: 125%;">Whistled language of the island of La Gomera (Canary Islands), the Silbo Gomero</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader category"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em; text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><b><a href="/wiki/UNESCO_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_Lists" title="UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists">UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Domains</th><td class="infobox-data category">Oral traditions and expressions</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/00172">172</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Template:UNESCO_Representative_List_of_the_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_of_Humanity/ENA" title="Template:UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity/ENA">Europe and North America</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#eee; font-size:110%;">Inscription history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Inscription</th><td class="infobox-data">2009 (4th session)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Masterpieces_of_the_Oral_and_Intangible_Heritage_of_Humanity" title="Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity">List</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Representative</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Silbo Gomero</b> (Spanish: <i lang="es">silbo gomero</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="es-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish" title="Help:IPA/Spanish">[ˈsilβo<span class="wrap"> </span>ɣoˈmeɾo]</a></span>, "Gomeran whistle"), also known as <i><b>el silbo</b></i> ("the whistle"), is a <a href="/wiki/Whistled_language" title="Whistled language">whistled</a> <a href="/wiki/Register_(sociolinguistics)" title="Register (sociolinguistics)">register</a> of Spanish used by inhabitants of <a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a>, historically used to communicate across the deep ravines and narrow valleys that radiate through the island. It enabled messages to be exchanged over a distance of up to five kilometres.<sup id="cite_ref-whlang_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whlang-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to its loudness, Silbo Gomero is generally used for public communication. Messages conveyed range from event invitations to public information advisories.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A speaker of Silbo Gomero is sometimes called a <i>silbador</i> ("whistler"). </p><p>Silbo Gomero is a transposition of <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> from speech to whistling. This oral <a href="/wiki/Phoneme" title="Phoneme">phoneme</a>-whistled phoneme substitution emulates Spanish <a href="/wiki/Phonology" title="Phonology">phonology</a> through a reduced set of whistled <a href="/wiki/Phonemes" class="mw-redirect" title="Phonemes">phonemes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Trujillo_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trujillo-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2009, <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> declared it a <a href="/wiki/Masterpieces_of_the_Oral_and_Intangible_Heritage_of_Humanity" title="Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity">Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-UNESCO_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silbo_Gomero&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Gomera_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/La_Gomera_1.jpg/220px-La_Gomera_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/La_Gomera_1.jpg/330px-La_Gomera_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/La_Gomera_1.jpg/440px-La_Gomera_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1472" data-file-height="1045" /></a><figcaption>The narrow valleys of <a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Little is known of the original <a href="/wiki/Guanche_language" title="Guanche language">Guanche language</a> or the languages of the Canaries, but it is assumed that their phonological system must have been simple enough to allow an efficient whistled language.<sup id="cite_ref-whlang_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whlang-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 9–10">: 9–10 </span></sup> Used by the island's original inhabitants, the <a href="/wiki/Guanches" title="Guanches">Guanches</a>, the whistled language existed before the arrival of Spanish settlers and was also spoken on <a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">el Hierro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a>. Silbo was adapted to Spanish during the Spanish settlement in the 16th century and was widely spoken throughout the period into the following 17th century.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1976 Silbo barely remained on el Hierro, where it had flourished at the end of the 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-whlang_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whlang-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 8">: 8 </span></sup> Use of the language declined in the 1950s, one factor being the economic decline, which led many speakers to move away to seek better jobs.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Technological developments such as the telephone played a part in reducing the practicality and utility of the language. The language's earlier survival had been due to its role in overcoming distance and terrain, in addition to the ease with which it is learned by native speakers.<sup id="cite_ref-whlang_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whlang-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 8">: 8 </span></sup> Most significantly, from the 1960s to 1980s, many people turned away from agriculture and so many middle-class families did not want their children to speak the language as it was negatively associated with the rural peasants. </p><p>In the late 1990s, <a href="/wiki/Language_revitalization" title="Language revitalization">language revitalization</a> efforts began and initiatives from within the community started. By 1999, the revitalization of Silbo Gomero was furthered by education policies and other legislative measures. It now has official protection as an example of <a href="/wiki/Intangible_cultural_heritage" title="Intangible cultural heritage">intangible cultural heritage</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Speakers">Speakers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silbo_Gomero&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Speakers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many people in La Gomera speak Silbo Gomero, but their expression of the language deviates in minor ways that show the speaker's origins. According to a 2009 <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> report, all of La Gomera's inhabitants understand the language, but only those born before 1950 and the younger generations who attended school since 1999 can speak it.<sup id="cite_ref-UNESCO_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Those born before 1950 were taught the language by their elders in their homes, and those who attended or are attending school since 1999 were taught it formally in school. Those born between 1950 and 1980 understand the language but are unable to speak it, as the language was hardly used and negatively viewed during their time of <a href="/wiki/Language_acquisition" title="Language acquisition">language acquisition</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-UNESCO_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Revitalization">Revitalization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silbo_Gomero&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Revitalization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When this medium of communication was endangered in the late 20th century, <a href="/wiki/Language_revitalization" title="Language revitalization">revitalization</a> efforts were generated at both community level and governmental level. A combination of initiatives from the La Gomeran community and policies implemented by the authorities saw Silbo Gomero being revitalized and maintained as a cultural asset. These revitalization efforts were well-documented by UNESCO as part of the proceedings for the selection of the 2009 <a href="/wiki/Representative_List_of_the_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_of_Humanity" class="mw-redirect" title="Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity">Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-UNESCO_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Community_initiatives">Community initiatives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silbo_Gomero&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Community initiatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a bid to preserve Silbo Gomero for the island's youth, expert whistlers sought to obtain authorization, which enabled them to teach the language on a free and voluntary basis at a dedicated centre. This initiative by the senior islanders garnered encouraging responses, with parent-teacher associations extending it to all schools. The first of many revitalization measures was thus adopted at the grassroots level, not by public or private entities, which reflected locals' attitude toward Silbo Gomero. Education policies implemented later were inspired as such: revitalization began at the grassroots and escalated to the highest government bodies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Government_policies">Government policies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silbo_Gomero&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Government policies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 26 June 1997,<sup id="cite_ref-UNESCO_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Parliament of the Canary Islands approved a motion calling on the government to include Silbo Gomero as part of the school curriculum. Silbo Gomero then became a mandatory subject in primary and secondary education, as of July 1999. The provincial government was supportive in its implementation of education policy and also the establishment of a formalized Silbo Gomero curriculum through the publication of <i>El Silbo Gomero, Materiales didácticos</i> (<i>Educational Materials on the Silbo Gomero</i>). </p><p>In addition to the compulsory learning of Silbo Gomero at the primary and secondary level, an Island School of Silbo Gomero was established for post-secondary students who wish to continue to train in Silbo Gomero until they become accredited professional instructors. Students of the Island School work to become capable of teaching Silbo Gomero not only to their fellow citizens, but also to tourists who visit La Gomera. This facilitates the sustainability of the revitalization and also works towards language maintenance. </p><p>Thereafter, the Ministry of Education, Universities, Culture and Sport of the Canary Islands developed a staff training plan in order to ensure that the elderly expert whistlers can be replaced in the near future by qualified professional teachers with relevant diplomas. This comprised the provision of training courses on proficiency in, and teaching of, Silbo Gomero. The training plan was launched in 2007, with the participation of 18 teachers.<sup id="cite_ref-UNESCO_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Besides the implementation of education policies, the authorities also sought to strengthen the corpus of Silbo Gomero by developing a project to digitize all recorded audio material. Local, national and worldwide distribution of documentaries on Silbo Gomero were also made. The government also raised the status of Silbo Gomero by selecting it via the National Historical Heritage Council to represent Spain in the nominations for inclusion on the 2009 Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cultural_heritage">Cultural heritage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silbo_Gomero&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Cultural heritage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Members of the Gomeran community treasure Silbo Gomero as part of the island's identity, and use the whistled language in traditional rituals and festivities on the island. These include "<a href="/wiki/Bajada_(festival)" title="Bajada (festival)">bajadas</a>", which are processions dedicated to the <a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Virgin</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">patron saints</a> of the community. </p><p>On 15 March 1999,<sup id="cite_ref-UNESCO_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Silbo Gomero was declared as part of the historical ethnographic heritage of the Canary Islands. The annual celebration of "School Encounters with Silbo Gomero" was also inaugurated in La Gomera. In 2005, the monument to Silbo Gomero was inducted in <a href="/wiki/Garajonay_National_Park" title="Garajonay National Park">Garajonay National Park</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silbo_Gomero&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Demostraci%C3%B3n_de_silbo_gomero,_La_Gomera,_Espa%C3%B1a,_2012-12-14,_DD_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Demostraci%C3%B3n_de_silbo_gomero%2C_La_Gomera%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2012-12-14%2C_DD_01.jpg/122px-Demostraci%C3%B3n_de_silbo_gomero%2C_La_Gomera%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2012-12-14%2C_DD_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="122" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Demostraci%C3%B3n_de_silbo_gomero%2C_La_Gomera%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2012-12-14%2C_DD_01.jpg/183px-Demostraci%C3%B3n_de_silbo_gomero%2C_La_Gomera%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2012-12-14%2C_DD_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Demostraci%C3%B3n_de_silbo_gomero%2C_La_Gomera%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2012-12-14%2C_DD_01.jpg/244px-Demostraci%C3%B3n_de_silbo_gomero%2C_La_Gomera%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2012-12-14%2C_DD_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2451" data-file-height="4017" /></a><figcaption>Silbo Gomero demonstration at a restaurant in La Gomera.</figcaption></figure><p> Silbo Gomero is not used only by Gomerans; visitors to the island can be exposed to it too, in restaurants that provide demonstrations for tourists. Minister of Tourism of La Gomera, Fernando Mendez, has said that whistling is essential to La Gomera's tourism industry.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silbo_Gomero&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Silbo.ogg" title="File:Silbo.ogg">A dialogue in Silbo Gomero</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="58" data-mwtitle="Silbo.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Silbo.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Silbo.ogg/Silbo.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ASilbo.ogg&lang=es&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español ‪(es)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ASilbo.ogg&lang=eu&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="eu" label="euskara ‪(eu)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ASilbo.ogg&lang=pl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pl" label="polski ‪(pl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description"></div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><i class="selfreference">Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</i></div> </div> <p>According to different studies, Silbo Gomero has between two<sup id="cite_ref-UNESCO_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and four<sup id="cite_ref-Meyer_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meyer-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-meyer_2008_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-meyer_2008-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Trujillo_Ortiz_2005_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trujillo_Ortiz_2005-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> vowels and between four<sup id="cite_ref-UNESCO_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and ten<sup id="cite_ref-Meyer_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meyer-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Annie_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Annie-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> consonants. It is a whistled form of a dialect of <a href="/wiki/Canarian_Spanish" title="Canarian Spanish">Canarian Spanish</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-whlang_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whlang-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 54">: 54 </span></sup> Silbo replaces each vowel or consonant with a whistling sound. Whistles are distinguished according to pitch and continuity. As with other whistled forms of non-tonal languages, Silbo works by retaining approximately the articulation of ordinary speech, so "the timbre variations of speech appear in the guise of pitch variations".<sup id="cite_ref-whlang_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whlang-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: v">: v </span></sup> </p><p>Silbo Gomero is a complex language to learn, with its whistling techniques requiring physical precision and a strength of the body parts used to produce the language that can only be acquired with practice. Silbo Gomero uses the tongue, lips, and hands, differing greatly from conventional language, which uses the mouth cavity to blend and contrast several acoustic frequencies. The whistling mechanism, in contrast, is limited to a single basic pitch between 1,000 and 3,000 <a href="/wiki/Hertz" title="Hertz">hertz</a>. The physical precision comes in the whistler's ability to vary the frequencies at different speeds and start and stop the production of the sound waves. This technique is handed down within La Gomera's community, with unchanged teaching methods that date to the late 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-UNESCO_4-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same pitch can represent many sounds, so Silbo has many fewer phonemes than Spanish. This means that communication can be ambiguous; context and word choice are important for effective communication.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vowels">Vowels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silbo_Gomero&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Vowels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Silbo Gomero's vowels are described roughly as sustained lines of high and low frequency that are distinct from each other. </p> <table border="1" class="wikitable"> <caption>Vowels </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Pitch </th> <th>General representation </th> <th>Vowels of the spoken language represented </th></tr> <tr> <td>High frequency </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//i/" class="mw-redirect" title="/i/">/i/</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/i/<span class="wrap"> </span>and<span class="wrap"> </span><a href="/wiki//e/" class="mw-redirect" title="/e/">/e/</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Low frequency </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki/Open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open front unrounded vowel">/a/</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/a/,<span class="wrap"> </span><a href="/wiki//o/" class="mw-redirect" title="/o/">/o/</a>,<span class="wrap"> </span><a href="/wiki//u/" class="mw-redirect" title="/u/">/u/</a></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>The high-frequency <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/i/</span> represents the <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/i/,<span class="wrap"> </span>/e/</span> vowels of the spoken language being whistled, while the low-frequency whistle of <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/a/</span> represents the vowels <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/a/,<span class="wrap"> </span>/o/,<span class="wrap"> </span>/u/</span>. It is said that it is not possible to produce any vowels with intermediary frequencies because the whistling mechanism does not have the same functions as the vocal mechanism.<sup id="cite_ref-UNESCO_4-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1978, <a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Trujillo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramón Trujillo">Ramón Trujillo</a> of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_La_Laguna" title="University of La Laguna">University of La Laguna</a> theorized that Silbo Gomero has only two vowels. His work, containing almost 100 spectrograms, concludes that the language has two vowels and four consonants.<sup id="cite_ref-Trujillo_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trujillo-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Trujillo's work, Silbo's vowels are given one quality, that of pitch, either high or low. But a more recent study gives a statistical analysis of Silbo's vowels showing that four vowels are statistically distinguished in production and perception.<sup id="cite_ref-Meyer_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meyer-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-meyer_2008_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-meyer_2008-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2005, Annie Rialland of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Paris_III:_Sorbonne_Nouvelle" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Paris III: Sorbonne Nouvelle">University of Paris III: Sorbonne Nouvelle</a> published an acoustic and phonological analysis of Silbo based on new materials, showing that not only gliding tones but also intensity modulation plays a role in distinguishing Silbo's sounds.<sup id="cite_ref-Annie_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Annie-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Trujillo's 2005 collaboration with Gomeran whistler Isidro Ortiz and others revises his earlier work, finding that four vowels are indeed perceived,<sup id="cite_ref-Trujillo_Ortiz_2005_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trujillo_Ortiz_2005-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 63">: 63 </span></sup> and describes in detail the areas of divergence between his empirical data and Classe's phonetic hypotheses. Despite Trujillo's 2005 work acknowledging the existence of four vowels, his 2006 bilingual work <i>El Silbo Gomero. Nuevo estudio fonológico</i><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> inexplicably reiterates his two-vowel theory. Trujillo's 2006 work directly addresses many of Rialland's conclusions, but it seems that at the time of that writing he was unaware of Meyer's work. </p><p>Meyer suggests that there are four vowel classes: <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/i/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/e/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/a/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/u,<span class="wrap"> </span>o/</span>. But Meyer also says there are five perceived vowels with significant overlap. Rialland and Trujillo agree that the <a href="/wiki/Harmonic" title="Harmonic">harmonic</a> of the whistle matches the second <a href="/wiki/Formant" title="Formant">formant</a> of the spoken vowels. Spoken <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/a/</span>'s F2 and whistled <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/a/</span>'s H1 match in their frequency (1480 Hz). But there is a disconnect in harmonics and formants near the frequency basement. Spoken speech has a wide range of F2 frequencies (790 Hz to 2300 Hz), but whistles are limited to between <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003120000000000000♠"></span>1200 and 2400 Hz</span>. Vowels are therefore shifted upward at the lower end (maintaining 1480 Hz as <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/a/</span>), increasing confusion between <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/o/</span> (spoken F2 freq. 890 Hz, whistled <1300 Hz) and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/u/</span> (spoken freq 790 Hz, whistled <<1300 Hz). In whistling the frequency basement must be raised to the minimum whistle harmonic of 1000 Hz, reducing frequency spacing in the vowels, which increases misidentification of the lower vowels. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consonants">Consonants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silbo_Gomero&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Consonants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Silbo Gomero's consonants are modifications of the vowel-based "melody line" or "vocal line". They may rise or fall, and can be modified by being broken, continuous or occlusive. The four main consonants in a 1978 analysis are listed as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-UNESCO_4-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table border="2" class="wikitable"> <caption>Consonants </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Pitch </th> <th>General representation </th> <th>Consonants of the spoken language represented </th></tr> <tr> <td>continuous high pitch </td> <td><span class="nowrap">⟨y⟩</span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//l/" class="mw-redirect" title="/l/">/l/</a></span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//%CA%8E/" class="mw-redirect" title="/ʎ/">/ʎ/</a></span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//n/" class="mw-redirect" title="/n/">/n/</a></span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//%C9%B2/" class="mw-redirect" title="/ɲ/">/ɲ/</a></span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//%C9%BE/" class="mw-redirect" title="/ɾ/">/ɾ/</a></span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki/Dental,_alveolar_and_postalveolar_trills" class="mw-redirect" title="Dental, alveolar and postalveolar trills">/r/</a></span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//d/" class="mw-redirect" title="/d/">/d/</a></span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//j/" class="mw-redirect" title="/j/">/j/</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>broken high pitch </td> <td><span class="nowrap">⟨ch⟩</span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//t%CD%A1%CA%83/" class="mw-redirect" title="/t͡ʃ/">/t͡ʃ/</a></span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//t/" class="mw-redirect" title="/t/">/t/</a></span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_sibilant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar sibilant">/s/</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>continuous low pitch </td> <td><span class="nowrap">⟨g⟩</span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//%C9%A1/" class="mw-redirect" title="/ɡ/">/ɡ/</a></span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//b/" title="/b/">/b/</a></span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//m/" class="mw-redirect" title="/m/">/m/</a></span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//j/" class="mw-redirect" title="/j/">/j/</a></span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//h/" class="mw-redirect" title="/h/">/h/</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>broken low pitch </td> <td><span class="nowrap">⟨k⟩</span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//k/" class="mw-redirect" title="/k/">/k/</a></span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//p/" class="mw-redirect" title="/p/">/p/</a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The documentation on the official Silbo Gomero page on the UNESCO website is in line with Trujillo's 1978 study. Trujillo suggested that the consonants are either rises or dips in the "melody line" that can be broken or continuous. Further study by Meyer and Rialland suggests that vowels are stripped to their inherent class of sound, which is communicated in the whistle in these ways: voice (<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/k/</span> vs <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɡ/</span>) is transmitted by the whistled feature [-<a href="/wiki/Continuant" title="Continuant">continuity</a>]. A silent pause in the whistle communicates [+<a href="/wiki/Voice_(phonetics)" title="Voice (phonetics)">voice</a>] (<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɡ/</span>), while a [+continuous] consonant gives the quality [-voice] (<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/k/</span>). Placement of the consonant (<a href="/wiki/Dental_consonant" title="Dental consonant">dental</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palatal_consonant" title="Palatal consonant">palatal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fricative" title="Fricative">fricative</a>) is transmitted in whistle by the loci, the sharpness or speed, of the formant transitions between vowels. Consonant classes are simplified into four classes. Extra high loci (near vertical formant loci) denotes <a href="/wiki/Affricates" class="mw-redirect" title="Affricates">affricates</a> and stridents, rising loci denotes <a href="/wiki/Alveolar_consonant" title="Alveolar consonant">alveolar</a>, medial (loci just above the vowel formant) denotes <a href="/wiki/Palatal" class="mw-redirect" title="Palatal">palatal</a>, and falling (low loci) denotes <a href="/wiki/Pharyngeal_consonant" title="Pharyngeal consonant">pharyngeal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Labial_consonant" title="Labial consonant">labial</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fricative" title="Fricative">fricative</a>. This gives eight whistled consonants, but including tone gradual decay (with intensity falling off) as a feature on continuous and interrupted sounds gives 10 consonants. In these situations gradual decay is given [+voice], and continuous is given [+<a href="/wiki/Liquid_consonant" title="Liquid consonant">liquid</a>].<sup id="cite_ref-Meyer_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meyer-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Annie_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Annie-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The representation of <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/s/</span> is treated as a broken high pitch in Silbo, though in the spoken language, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/s/</span> is a continuous high pitch consonant. There are two reasons for this anomaly. First, in functional terms, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/s/</span> is high in frequency, and thus extremely useful. Second, as the continuous high-pitched consonant of Silbo already represents many other consonants of the spoken language (<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/l/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ʎ/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/n/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɲ/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɾ/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/r/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/d/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki//%CA%9D/" class="mw-redirect" title="/ʝ/">/ʝ/</a></span>), it would be very confusing to add to that list. Thus, as the broken high-pitched consonant does not fully represent <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/t͡ʃ/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/t/</span>, it can represent the frequently used <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/s/</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-UNESCO_4-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cognitive_features">Cognitive features</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silbo_Gomero&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Cognitive features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Studies have shown that Silbo Gomero speakers process the whistled register in the same way as standard spoken language. Studies by Manuel Carreiras of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_La_Laguna" title="University of La Laguna">University of La Laguna</a> and David Corina of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington" title="University of Washington">University of Washington</a> published in 2004 and 2005 involved two participant groups of <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> speakers. One group spoke Silbo and one did not. Results obtained from monitoring the participants' brain activity by <a href="/wiki/Functional_magnetic_resonance_imaging" title="Functional magnetic resonance imaging">functional magnetic resonance imaging</a> show that while non-speakers of Silbo merely process Silbo as whistling, Silbo speakers process the sounds in the same linguistic centers of the brain that process Spanish sentences.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Others">Others</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silbo_Gomero&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Others"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Moviemaker and photographer Francesca Phillips wrote and directed a 26-minute <a href="/wiki/Documentary" class="mw-redirect" title="Documentary">documentary</a> on the usage of Silbo Gomero in La Gomera, <i>Written in the Wind</i> (2009). The movie won Best Short Documentary in <a href="/wiki/Anthropology" title="Anthropology">Anthropology</a> at The World Mountain Documentary Festival held in <a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Romanian moviemaker <a href="/wiki/Corneliu_Porumboiu" title="Corneliu Porumboiu">Corneliu Porumboiu</a> directed the 2019 movie <i><a href="/wiki/The_Whistlers_(film)" title="The Whistlers (film)">The Whistlers</a></i>, in which Silbo features prominently.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>French singer Féloche dedicated a song to Silbo.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>There are other examples of transposition of an oral natural language into a pitch string. When quickly spoken, <a href="/wiki/Yoruba_language" title="Yoruba language">Yoruba</a> vowels are <a href="/wiki/Assimilation_(phonology)" title="Assimilation (phonology)">assimilated</a> and consonants <a href="/wiki/Elision" title="Elision">elided</a>, so the linguistic information is carried by the <a href="/wiki/Tone_(linguistics)" title="Tone (linguistics)">tone</a> system, which can therefore be transposed into <a href="/wiki/Talking_drum" title="Talking drum">talking drums</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silbo_Gomero&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-whlang-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-whlang_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-whlang_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-whlang_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-whlang_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-whlang_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-whlang_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBusnelClasse1976" class="citation book cs1">Busnel, René-Guy; Classe, André (1976). <i>Whistled Languages</i>. Communications and Cybernetics. Vol. 13. <a href="/wiki/Springer-Verlag" class="mw-redirect" title="Springer-Verlag">Springer-Verlag</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-642-46335-8">10.1007/978-3-642-46335-8</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-387-07713-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-387-07713-0"><bdi>978-0-387-07713-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Whistled+Languages&rft.series=Communications+and+Cybernetics&rft.pub=Springer-Verlag&rft.date=1976&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-642-46335-8&rft.isbn=978-0-387-07713-0&rft.aulast=Busnel&rft.aufirst=Ren%C3%A9-Guy&rft.au=Classe%2C+Andr%C3%A9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASilbo+Gomero" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRacoma2014" class="citation web cs1">Racoma, Bernadine (11 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.daytranslations.com/blog/silbo-gomero-whistled-language/">"Silbo Gomero: The Whistled Language"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Silbo+Gomero%3A+The+Whistled+Language&rft.date=2014-02-11&rft.aulast=Racoma&rft.aufirst=Bernadine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.daytranslations.com%2Fblog%2Fsilbo-gomero-whistled-language%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASilbo+Gomero" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Trujillo-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Trujillo_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Trujillo_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrujillo_Carreño1978" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Trujillo_Carre%C3%B1o" title="Ramón Trujillo Carreño">Trujillo Carreño, Ramón</a> (1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://silbo-gomero.com/LinguisticAnalysis/GomeranWhistle1990English.html"><i>El silbo gomero: análisis lingüístico</i></a> [<i>The Gomeran Whistle: Linguistic Analysis</i>]. Translated by Brent, Jeff. Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain: Editorial Interinsular Canaria. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-85543-03-3" title="Special:BookSources/84-85543-03-3"><bdi>84-85543-03-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230327173051/silbo-gomero.com/LinguisticAnalysis/GomeranWhistle1990English.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+silbo+gomero%3A+an%C3%A1lisis+ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstico&rft.place=Santa+Cruz+de+Tenerife%2C+Spain&rft.pub=Editorial+Interinsular+Canaria&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=84-85543-03-3&rft.aulast=Trujillo+Carre%C3%B1o&rft.aufirst=Ram%C3%B3n&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsilbo-gomero.com%2FLinguisticAnalysis%2FGomeranWhistle1990English.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASilbo+Gomero" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNESCO-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UNESCO_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNESCO_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNESCO_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNESCO_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNESCO_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNESCO_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNESCO_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNESCO_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNESCO_4-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNESCO_4-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNESCO_4-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNESCO_4-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNESCO_4-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/whistled-language-of-the-island-of-la-gomera-canary-islands-the-silbo-gomero-00172">"Whistled language of the island of La Gomera (Canary Islands), the Silbo Gomero"</a>. <i>Intangible Cultural Heritage</i>. UNESCO.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Intangible+Cultural+Heritage&rft.atitle=Whistled+language+of+the+island+of+La+Gomera+%28Canary+Islands%29%2C+the+Silbo+Gomero&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fich.unesco.org%2Fen%2FRL%2Fwhistled-language-of-the-island-of-la-gomera-canary-islands-the-silbo-gomero-00172&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASilbo+Gomero" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlitt2013" class="citation news cs1">Plitt, Laura (11 January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-20953138">"Silbo Gomero: A whistling language revived"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Silbo+Gomero%3A+A+whistling+language+revived&rft.date=2013-01-11&rft.aulast=Plitt&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fmagazine-20953138&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASilbo+Gomero" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Meyer-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Meyer_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meyer_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meyer_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meyer_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeyer2005" class="citation thesis cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Meyer, Julien (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lemondesiffle.free.fr/projet/science/TheseMeyer.pdf"><i>Description typologique et intelligibilité des langues sifflées, approche linguistique et bioacoustique</i></a> [<i>Typological description and intelligibility of whistled languages, a linguistic and bioacustic approach</i>] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (PhD) (in French). Université Lumière Lyon 2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Description+typologique+et+intelligibilit%C3%A9+des+langues+siffl%C3%A9es%2C+approche+linguistique+et+bioacoustique&rft.inst=Universit%C3%A9+Lumi%C3%A8re+Lyon+2&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Julien&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemondesiffle.free.fr%2Fprojet%2Fscience%2FTheseMeyer.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASilbo+Gomero" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-meyer_2008-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-meyer_2008_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-meyer_2008_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeyer2008" class="citation journal cs1">Meyer, Julien (2008). "Typology and acoustic strategies of whistled languages: Phonetic comparison and perceptual cues of whistled vowels". <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_the_International_Phonetic_Association" title="Journal of the International Phonetic Association">Journal of the International Phonetic Association</a></i>. <b>38</b> (1): 69–94. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0025100308003277">10.1017/S0025100308003277</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:55852067">55852067</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+International+Phonetic+Association&rft.atitle=Typology+and+acoustic+strategies+of+whistled+languages%3A+Phonetic+comparison+and+perceptual+cues+of+whistled+vowels&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=69-94&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0025100308003277&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A55852067%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Julien&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASilbo+Gomero" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Trujillo_Ortiz_2005-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Trujillo_Ortiz_2005_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Trujillo_Ortiz_2005_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrujillo_CarreñoMorera_PérezGuarro_PallásPadrón_Brito2005" class="citation book cs1">Trujillo Carreño, Ramón; Morera Pérez, Marcial; Guarro Pallás, Amador; Padrón Brito, Ubaldo; Ortiz Mendoza, Isidro; Botanz Parra, Rogelio; Darias Darias, Eugenio (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/cmsweb/export/sites/educacion/web/.content/publicaciones/archivos/documento/libro_silbo_gomero.pdf"><i>El silbo gomero. Materiales didácticos</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Programas de innovación educativa. Consejería de Educación, Cultura y Deportes. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-689-2610-8" title="Special:BookSources/84-689-2610-8"><bdi>84-689-2610-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+silbo+gomero.+Materiales+did%C3%A1cticos&rft.series=Programas+de+innovaci%C3%B3n+educativa&rft.pub=Consejer%C3%ADa+de+Educaci%C3%B3n%2C+Cultura+y+Deportes&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=84-689-2610-8&rft.aulast=Trujillo+Carre%C3%B1o&rft.aufirst=Ram%C3%B3n&rft.au=Morera+P%C3%A9rez%2C+Marcial&rft.au=Guarro+Pall%C3%A1s%2C+Amador&rft.au=Padr%C3%B3n+Brito%2C+Ubaldo&rft.au=Ortiz+Mendoza%2C+Isidro&rft.au=Botanz+Parra%2C+Rogelio&rft.au=Darias+Darias%2C+Eugenio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gobiernodecanarias.org%2Fcmsweb%2Fexport%2Fsites%2Feducacion%2Fweb%2F.content%2Fpublicaciones%2Farchivos%2Fdocumento%2Flibro_silbo_gomero.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASilbo+Gomero" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Annie-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Annie_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Annie_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Annie_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRialland2005" class="citation journal cs1">Rialland, Annie (2005). "Phonological and phonetic aspects of whistled languages". <i><a href="/wiki/Phonology_(journal)" title="Phonology (journal)">Phonology</a></i>. <b>22</b> (2): 237–271. <a href="/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="CiteSeerX (identifier)">CiteSeerX</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.484.4384">10.1.1.484.4384</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0952675705000552">10.1017/S0952675705000552</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:18615779">18615779</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phonology&rft.atitle=Phonological+and+phonetic+aspects+of+whistled+languages&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=237-271&rft.date=2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fsummary%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.484.4384%23id-name%3DCiteSeerX&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A18615779%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0952675705000552&rft.aulast=Rialland&rft.aufirst=Annie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASilbo+Gomero" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPereira2013" class="citation web cs1">Pereira, Diana (18 July 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141208120654/http://termcoord.wordpress.com/2013/07/18/silbo-gomero-a-language-of-whistles/">"Silbo Gomero, a language of whistles"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://termcoord.wordpress.com/2013/07/18/silbo-gomero-a-language-of-whistles/">the original</a> on 8 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Silbo+Gomero%2C+a+language+of+whistles&rft.date=2013-07-18&rft.aulast=Pereira&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftermcoord.wordpress.com%2F2013%2F07%2F18%2Fsilbo-gomero-a-language-of-whistles%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASilbo+Gomero" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrujillo_Carreño2006" class="citation book cs1">Trujillo Carreño, Ramón (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.academiacanarialengua.org/publicacion/el-silbo-gomero-nuevo-estudio-fonologico-edicion-bilingue-espanol-ingles/"><i>El silbo gomero. Nuevo estudio fonológico (Edición bilingüe español-inglés)</i></a>. Cuadernos de dialectología de la Academia Canaria de la Lengua. Academia Canaria de la Lengua. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8-4960-5936-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-8-4960-5936-8"><bdi>978-8-4960-5936-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+silbo+gomero.+Nuevo+estudio+fonol%C3%B3gico+%28Edici%C3%B3n+biling%C3%BCe+espa%C3%B1ol-ingl%C3%A9s%29&rft.series=Cuadernos+de+dialectolog%C3%ADa+de+la+Academia+Canaria+de+la+Lengua&rft.pub=Academia+Canaria+de+la+Lengua&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-8-4960-5936-8&rft.aulast=Trujillo+Carre%C3%B1o&rft.aufirst=Ram%C3%B3n&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.academiacanarialengua.org%2Fpublicacion%2Fel-silbo-gomero-nuevo-estudio-fonologico-edicion-bilingue-espanol-ingles%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASilbo+Gomero" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarreirasLopezRiveroCorina2005" class="citation journal cs1">Carreiras M, Lopez J, Rivero F, Corina D (2005). "Linguistic perception: neural processing of a whistled language". <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_(journal)" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a></i>. <b>433</b> (7021): 31–32. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005Natur.433...31C">2005Natur.433...31C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F433031a">10.1038/433031a</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15635400">15635400</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:31727535">31727535</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Linguistic+perception%3A+neural+processing+of+a+whistled+language&rft.volume=433&rft.issue=7021&rft.pages=31-32&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F433031a&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A31727535%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15635400&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005Natur.433...31C&rft.aulast=Carreiras&rft.aufirst=M&rft.au=Lopez%2C+J&rft.au=Rivero%2C+F&rft.au=Corina%2C+D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASilbo+Gomero" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Phillips, Francesca (writer, director, camerawoman); Perera, Rigoberto (voice-over actor); Miles, Michael (cameraman); Bradshell, Michael (editor); Daltry, Stephen (composer) (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.francescaphillips.com/written-in-the-wind/"><i>Written in the Wind</i></a> (Motion picture) (in Spanish and English). Phillips, Francesca<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Written+in+the+Wind&rft.pub=Phillips%2C+Francesca&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.francescaphillips.com%2Fwritten-in-the-wind%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASilbo+Gomero" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silbo_Gomero&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://silbo-gomero.com/">silbo-gomero.com</a> – Jeff Brent's homepage</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cognews.com/1069225595/index_html">Silbo Gomero – The Whistling Language</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050213063731/http://cognews.com/1069225595/index_html">Archived</a> 13 February 2005 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://Silbo-Gomero.com/mp3s/BBC-SilboGomeroInterview-8-26-08-JeffBrent-IsidroOrtiz.mp3">BBC4 interviews Isidro Ortiz & J.Brent – 26 August 2008</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cultural_domain_of_the_Canary_Islands" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Culture_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Category:Culture of the Canary Islands">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Culture_of_the_Canary_Islands" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Culture of the Canary Islands">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guanches" title="Guanches">Guanches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bimbache" title="Bimbache">Bimbache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands_in_pre-colonial_times" title="Canary Islands in pre-colonial times">Pre-colonial times</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Conquest of the Canary Islands">Conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Alc%C3%A1%C3%A7ovas" title="Treaty of Alcáçovas">Treaty of Alcáçovas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Acentejo" title="First Battle of Acentejo">First Battle of Acentejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Kingdom of the Canary Islands">Kingdom of the Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aguere" title="Battle of Aguere">Battle of Aguere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Acentejo" title="Second Battle of Acentejo">Second Battle of Acentejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife_(1657)" title="Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (1657)">Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (1657)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife_(1797)" title="Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (1797)">Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (1797)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_transition_to_democracy" title="Spanish transition to democracy">Spanish transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" title="Autonomous communities of Spain">Autonomous community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canarian_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Canarian Parliament">Canarian Parliament</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Escudo_de_Canarias.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="G-clef"><img alt="G-clef" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Escudo_de_Canarias.svg/105px-Escudo_de_Canarias.svg.png" decoding="async" width="105" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Escudo_de_Canarias.svg/158px-Escudo_de_Canarias.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Escudo_de_Canarias.svg/210px-Escudo_de_Canarias.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1450" data-file-height="1060" /></a><figcaption>G-clef</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guanche_language" title="Guanche language">Guanche</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canarian_Spanish" title="Canarian Spanish">Canarian</a> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silbo_Gomero_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Silbo Gomero language">Gomeran Whistle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mythology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garajonay_National_Park#Gara_and_Jonay" title="Garajonay National Park">Gara and Jonay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acham%C3%A1n" title="Achamán">Achamán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achuguayo" title="Achuguayo">Achuguayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achuhucanac" title="Achuhucanac">Achuhucanac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaxiraxi" title="Chaxiraxi">Chaxiraxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chijoraji" title="Chijoraji">Chijoraji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guayota" title="Guayota">Guayota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magec" title="Magec">Magec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxios" title="Maxios">Maxios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibicena" title="Tibicena">Tibicena</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historic sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bienes_de_Inter%C3%A9s_Cultural_in_the_Province_of_Las_Palmas" title="List of Bienes de Interés Cultural in the Province of Las Palmas">Bienes de Interés Cultural (Las Palmas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bienes_de_Inter%C3%A9s_Cultural_in_the_Province_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="List of Bienes de Interés Cultural in the Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Bienes de Interés Cultural (Tenerife)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castillo_de_San_Jos%C3%A9" title="Castillo de San José">Castillo de San José</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caves_of_Valeron" title="Caves of Valeron">Caves of Valeron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Doors_cave_site,_Telde" title="Four Doors cave site, Telde">Four Doors cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guayadeque_ravine" title="Guayadeque ravine">Guayadeque ravine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas_Cathedral" title="Las Palmas Cathedral">Las Palmas Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Maip%C3%A9s_Necropolis" title="El Maipés Necropolis">El Maipés Necropolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Canario" title="Museo Canario">Museo Canario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painted_Cave,_Galdar" title="Painted Cave, Galdar">Painted Cave, Galdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_San_Juan_Bautista_(Arucas)" title="Church of San Juan Bautista (Arucas)">Church of San Juan Bautista</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums<br />and galleries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Museum_of_Puerto_de_la_Cruz" title="Archaeological Museum of Puerto de la Cruz">Archaeological Museum of Puerto de la Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Center_of_Modern_Art" title="Atlantic Center of Modern Art">Atlantic Center of Modern Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_of_San_Crist%C3%B3bal_(Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife)" title="Castle of San Cristóbal (Santa Cruz de Tenerife)">Castle of San Cristóbal (Santa Cruz de Tenerife)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centro_de_Fotograf%C3%ADa_Isla_de_Tenerife" title="Centro de Fotografía Isla de Tenerife">Centro de Fotografía Isla de Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castillo_de_San_Jos%C3%A9" title="Castillo de San José">Castillo de San José</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elder_Museum_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Elder Museum of Science and Technology">Elder Museum of Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Canario" title="Museo Canario">Museo Canario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_History_of_Tenerife" title="Museum of the History of Tenerife">Museum of the History of Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_de_la_Naturaleza_y_Arqueolog%C3%ADa" title="Museo de la Naturaleza y Arqueología">Museo de la Naturaleza y Arqueología</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Municipal_de_Bellas_Artes_de_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Museo Municipal de Bellas Artes de Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Museo Municipal de Bellas Artes de Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Science_and_the_Cosmos" title="Museum of Science and the Cosmos">Museum of Science and the Cosmos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenerife_Espacio_de_las_Artes" title="Tenerife Espacio de las Artes">Tenerife Espacio de las Artes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canarian_cuisine" title="Canarian cuisine">Cuisine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Almogrote" title="Almogrote">Almogrote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arepa" title="Arepa">Canarian arepa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canarian_wrinkly_potatoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Canarian wrinkly potatoes">Canarian wrinkly potatoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gofio" title="Gofio">Gofio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malvasia" title="Malvasia">Malvasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majorero" title="Majorero">Majorero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_syrup" title="Palm syrup">Miel de palma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mojo_(sauce)" title="Mojo (sauce)">Mojo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasteles" title="Pasteles">Pasteles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ropa_vieja" title="Ropa vieja">Ropa vieja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancocho" title="Sancocho">Sancocho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangria" title="Sangria">Sangria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_beer#Canarias_Brewery" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical beer">Tropical beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_wine" title="Spanish wine">Wines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Music of the Canary Islands">Musical instruments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A1caras" title="Chácaras">Chácaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timple" title="Timple">Timple</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carnival_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnival_of_Las_Palmas" title="Carnival of Las Palmas">Carnival of Las Palmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bajada_(festival)" title="Bajada (festival)">Bajada (festival)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalcade_of_Magi" title="Cavalcade of Magi">Cavalcade of Magi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Spain" title="Holy Week in Spain">Holy Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_Candelaria" title="Virgin of Candelaria">Virgin of Candelaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cristo_de_La_Laguna" title="Cristo de La Laguna">Cristo de La Laguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akelarre_(witchcraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Akelarre (witchcraft)">Akelarre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Tenerife#Bola_canaria" title="Sport in Tenerife">Bola canaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canarian_wrestling" title="Canarian wrestling">Canarian wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juego_del_Palo" class="mw-redirect" title="Juego del Palo">Juego del Palo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salto_del_pastor" class="mw-redirect" title="Salto del pastor">Salto del pastor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Isla_de_Lanzarote" title="Open Isla de Lanzarote">Open Lanzarote Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Costa_Adeje_%E2%80%93_Isla_de_Tenerife" title="Open Costa Adeje – Isla de Tenerife">Open Costa Adeje</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols places of<br />the Canary Islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Teide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auditorio_de_Tenerife" title="Auditorio de Tenerife">Auditorio de Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garajonay_National_Park" title="Garajonay National Park">Garajonay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caldera_de_Taburiente" class="mw-redirect" title="Caldera de Taburiente">Caldera de Taburiente</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/16px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/24px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/32px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spain" title="Portal:Spain">Spain portal</a>  <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/16px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/24px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/32px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islands" title="Portal:Islands">Islands portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="UNESCO_Oral_and_Intangible_Heritage_of_Humanity:_Music" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:UNESCO_Oral_and_Intangible_music" title="Template:UNESCO Oral and Intangible music"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:UNESCO_Oral_and_Intangible_music" title="Template talk:UNESCO Oral and Intangible music"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:UNESCO_Oral_and_Intangible_music" title="Special:EditPage/Template:UNESCO Oral and Intangible music"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="UNESCO_Oral_and_Intangible_Heritage_of_Humanity:_Music" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/UNESCO_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_Lists" title="UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists">UNESCO Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity</a>: Music</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aka_people#Music" title="Aka people">Aka polyphony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_iso-polyphony" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian iso-polyphony">Albanian folk iso-polyphony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angklung" title="Angklung">Angklung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqyn" title="Aqyn">Aqyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_maqam" title="Arabic maqam">Arabic maqam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arirang" title="Arirang">Arirang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashiqs_of_Azerbaijan" title="Ashiqs of Azerbaijan">Ashiqs of Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tar_(Azerbaijani_instrument)" title="Tar (Azerbaijani instrument)">Azerbaijani tar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baul#Baul_music" title="Baul">Baul music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Be%C4%87arac" title="Bećarac">Bećarac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bigwala" title="Bigwala">Bigwala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biyelgee" title="Biyelgee">Biyelgee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bistritsa_Babi" title="Bistritsa Babi">Bistritsa Babi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bumba_Meu_Boi#Bumba_meu_boi_in_Maranhão" title="Bumba Meu Boi">Bumba-meu-boi from Maranhão</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_music" title="Byzantine music">Byzantine music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dainichido_Bugaku" title="Dainichido Bugaku">Dainichido Bugaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peking_opera" title="Peking opera">Beijing opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candombe" title="Candombe">Candombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cante_Alentejano" title="Cante Alentejano">Cante Alentejano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_opera" title="Cantonese opera">Cantonese opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantu_a_tenore" title="Cantu a tenore">Cantu a tenore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ca_tr%C3%B9" title="Ca trù">Ca trù</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cremona_violins" class="mw-redirect" title="Cremona violins">Cremona violins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doina" title="Doina">Doina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duduk" title="Duduk">Duduk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eshuva" title="Eshuva">Eshuva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fado" title="Fado">Fado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frevo" title="Frevo">Frevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fujara" title="Fujara">Fujara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gagaku" title="Gagaku">Gagaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gagok" title="Gagok">Gagok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garifuna_music" title="Garifuna music">Garifuna music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Georgia_(country)#Traditional_vocal_polyphony" title="Music of Georgia (country)">Georgian vocal polyphony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_of_gong_culture" title="Space of gong culture">Gong culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guqin" title="Guqin">Guqin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwo_ka" title="Gwo ka">Gwoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shan%27ge" title="Shan'ge">Hua'er</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudhud_chants" class="mw-redirect" title="Hudhud chants">Hudhud chants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jongmyo_jerye" title="Jongmyo jerye">Jongmyo Jereyak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Maqam" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraqi Maqam">Iraqi Maqam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istrian_scale" title="Istrian scale">Istrian scale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kgal_Laox" class="mw-redirect" title="Kgal Laox">Kgal Laox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overtone_singing" title="Overtone singing">Khuumii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klapa" title="Klapa">Klapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koodiyattam" title="Koodiyattam">Koodiyattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutar" title="Dutar">Khorasan Bakhshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumi_odori" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumi odori">Kumi odori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu">Kunqu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lhamo" title="Lhamo">Lhamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_song" title="Long song">Long song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maloya" title="Maloya">Maloya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshrep" title="Meshrep">Meshrep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morin_khuur" title="Morin khuur">Morin khuur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mugham" title="Mugham">Mugham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muqam" title="Muqam">Muqam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanguan_music" title="Nanguan music">Nanyin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nh%C3%A3_nh%E1%BA%A1c" title="Nhã nhạc">Nhã nhạc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pungmul" title="Pungmul">Nongak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ojkanje" title="Ojkanje">Ojkanje singing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pansori" title="Pansori">Pansori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirekua" title="Pirekua">Pirekua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quan_h%E1%BB%8D" title="Quan họ">Quan họ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qudud_Halabiya" title="Qudud Halabiya">Qudud Halabiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radif_(music)" title="Radif (music)">Radif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggae" title="Reggae">Reggae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebetiko" title="Rebetiko">Rebetiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sama_(Sufism)" title="Sama (Sufism)">Sama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samba_de_roda" class="mw-redirect" title="Samba de roda">Samba de roda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setos" title="Setos">Seto Leelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shashmaqam" title="Shashmaqam">Shashmaqam</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Silbo Gomero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slov%C3%A1cko_Verbu%C5%88k" class="mw-redirect" title="Slovácko Verbuňk">Slovácko Verbuňk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Yemen" title="Music of Yemen">Song of Sana'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosso_Bala" class="mw-redirect" title="Sosso Bala">Sosso Bala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Lithuania#Sutartinės" title="Music of Lithuania">Sutartinės</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1nch%C3%A1z" title="Táncház">Táncház</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Song_of_the_Sibyl" title="The Song of the Sibyl">The Song of the Sibyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumba_francesa" title="Tumba francesa">Tumba francesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallenato" title="Vallenato">Vallenato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_chant" title="Vedic chant">Vedic chant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayang#Wayang_kulit" title="Wayang">Wayang kulit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi%27an_guyue" title="Xi'an guyue">Xi'an guyue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xoan_singing" title="Xoan singing">Xoan singing</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balafon_Jamie.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Gum-rubber mallets on a balafon." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Balafon_Jamie.jpg/80px-Balafon_Jamie.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Balafon_Jamie.jpg/120px-Balafon_Jamie.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Balafon_Jamie.jpg/160px-Balafon_Jamie.jpg 2x" data-file-width="690" data-file-height="1038" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="UNESCO_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_elements_in_Spain" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Intangible_Heritage_Spain" title="Template:Intangible Heritage Spain"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Intangible_Heritage_Spain" title="Template talk:Intangible Heritage Spain"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Intangible_Heritage_Spain" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Intangible Heritage Spain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="UNESCO_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_elements_in_Spain" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_elements_in_Spain" title="List of Intangible Cultural Heritage elements in Spain">UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage elements in Spain</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mystery_Play_of_Elche" title="Mystery Play of Elche">Mystery Play of Elche</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patum_de_Berga" title="Patum de Berga">Patum of Berga</a></li> <li>Irrigators’ tribunals of the Spanish Mediterranean coast: the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Wise_Men_of_the_plain_of_Murcia" title="Council of Wise Men of the plain of Murcia">Council of Wise Men of the plain of Murcia</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Water_Tribunal_of_the_plain_of_Valencia" title="Water Tribunal of the plain of Valencia">Water Tribunal of the plain of Valencia</a></li> <li>Whistled language of the island of La Gomera (Canary Islands), the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Silbo Gomero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Song_of_the_Sibyl" title="The Song of the Sibyl">Chant of the Sybil on Majorca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flamenco" title="Flamenco">Flamenco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castell" title="Castell">Human towers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Mare_de_D%C3%A9u_de_la_Salut_Festival" title="La Mare de Déu de la Salut Festival">Festivity of 'la Mare de Déu de la Salut' of Algemesí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtyards_Festival_of_C%C3%B3rdoba" title="Courtyards Festival of Córdoba">Fiesta of the patios in Cordova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencia_Fallas" title="Valencia Fallas">Valencia Fallas</a> festivity</li> <li>Tamboradas drum-playing rituals</li> <li>Wine Horses</li> <li>Manual bell ringing</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shared</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_cuisine" title="Mediterranean cuisine">Mediterranean diet</a></li> <li>Summer solstice fire festivals in the Pyrenees</li> <li>Art of <a href="/wiki/Dry_stone" title="Dry stone">dry stone</a> walling, knowledge and techniques</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talavera_pottery" class="mw-redirect" title="Talavera pottery">Talavera pottery</a> and <a href="/wiki/Talavera_de_la_Reina_pottery" title="Talavera de la Reina pottery">Talavera de la Reina pottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falconry" title="Falconry">Falconry</a>, a living human heritage</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timber_rafting" title="Timber rafting">Timber rafting</a></li> <li>Knowledge, craft and skills of handmade glass production</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transhumance" title="Transhumance">Transhumance</a>, the seasonal droving of livestock</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Good Safeguarding<br />Practices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Centre for traditional culture – school museum of Pusol pedagogic project</li> <li>Revitalization of the traditional craftsmanship of lime-making in Morón de la Frontera</li> <li>Methodology for inventorying intangible cultural heritage in biosphere reserves: the experience of Montseny</li> <li>Portuguese-Galician border ICH: a safeguarding model created by Ponte...nas ondas!</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Silbo_Gomero&oldid=1257610903">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Silbo_Gomero&oldid=1257610903</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Languages_of_Spain" title="Category:Languages of Spain">Languages of Spain</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spanish_language" title="Category:Spanish language">Spanish language</a></li><li><a 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