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class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miles_Dempsey" title="Miles Dempsey – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Miles Dempsey" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miles_Dempsey" title="Miles Dempsey – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Miles Dempsey" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miles_Dempsey" title="Miles Dempsey – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Miles Dempsey" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B2_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%81%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="مایلز کریستوفر دمپسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مایلز کریستوفر دمپسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miles_Dempsey" title="Miles Dempsey – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Miles Dempsey" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4_%EB%8E%80%ED%94%84%EC%8B%9C" title="마일스 뎀프시 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마일스 뎀프시" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miles_Dempsey" title="Miles Dempsey – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Miles Dempsey" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%A1_%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A1%D7%99" title="מיילס דמפסי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מיילס דמפסי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%B2_%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B3%D9%89" title="مايلز ديمبسى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مايلز ديمبسى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miles_Dempsey" title="Miles Dempsey – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Miles Dempsey" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miles_Dempsey" title="Miles Dempsey – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Miles Dempsey" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miles_Dempsey" title="Miles Dempsey – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Miles Dempsey" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miles_Dempsey" title="Miles Dempsey – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Miles Dempsey" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miles_Dempsey" title="Miles Dempsey – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Miles Dempsey" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miles_Christopher_Dempsey" title="Miles Christopher Dempsey – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Miles Christopher Dempsey" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF" title="மைலஸ் டெம்சி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மைலஸ் டெம்சி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miles_Dempsey" title="Miles Dempsey – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Miles Dempsey" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%81%D1%96" title="Майлз Демпсі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Майлз Демпсі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84%D8%B2_%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="مائلز ڈیمپسی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مائلز ڈیمپسی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miles_Dempsey" title="Miles Dempsey – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Miles Dempsey" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q540593#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%; background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div style="display:inline-block" class="fn">Sir Miles Dempsey</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;; line-height: 1.5em"><a href="/wiki/File:Lieutenant_General_M_C_Dempsey,_Cb,_Dso,_Mc,_Commander_in_Chief,_British_Second_Army,_April_1944_TR1654_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Lieutenant_General_M_C_Dempsey%2C_Cb%2C_Dso%2C_Mc%2C_Commander_in_Chief%2C_British_Second_Army%2C_April_1944_TR1654_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Lieutenant_General_M_C_Dempsey%2C_Cb%2C_Dso%2C_Mc%2C_Commander_in_Chief%2C_British_Second_Army%2C_April_1944_TR1654_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Lieutenant_General_M_C_Dempsey%2C_Cb%2C_Dso%2C_Mc%2C_Commander_in_Chief%2C_British_Second_Army%2C_April_1944_TR1654_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Lieutenant_General_M_C_Dempsey%2C_Cb%2C_Dso%2C_Mc%2C_Commander_in_Chief%2C_British_Second_Army%2C_April_1944_TR1654_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Lieutenant_General_M_C_Dempsey%2C_Cb%2C_Dso%2C_Mc%2C_Commander_in_Chief%2C_British_Second_Army%2C_April_1944_TR1654_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Lieutenant_General_M_C_Dempsey%2C_Cb%2C_Dso%2C_Mc%2C_Commander_in_Chief%2C_British_Second_Army%2C_April_1944_TR1654_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="580" data-file-height="632" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="font-size: 100%">Lieutenant-General Miles Dempsey in April 1944</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Nickname(s)</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">"Bimbo"</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">(1896-12-15)15 December 1896 <a href="/wiki/New_Brighton,_Merseyside" title="New Brighton, Merseyside">New Brighton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wallasey" title="Wallasey">Wallasey, Cheshire</a>, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">5 June 1969(1969-06-05) (aged 72) <a href="/wiki/Yattendon" title="Yattendon">Yattendon, Berkshire</a>, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service / branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1915–1947</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/General_(United_Kingdom)" title="General (United Kingdom)">General</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em"><a href="/wiki/Service_number" title="Service number">Service number</a></th><td class="infobox-data">9391<a href="#cite_note-KCB-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Unit</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Berkshire_Regiment" title="Royal Berkshire Regiment">Royal Berkshire Regiment</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Commands</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Command" title="Middle East Command">Middle East Land Forces</a> (1946–47)</li><li>Allied Land Forces, South East Asia (1945–46)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Army_(United_Kingdom)" title="Fourteenth Army (United Kingdom)">Fourteenth Army</a> (1945)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Army_(United_Kingdom)" title="Second Army (United Kingdom)">Second Army</a> (1944–45)</li><li><a href="/wiki/XIII_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="XIII Corps (United Kingdom)">XIII Corps</a> (1942–44)</li><li><a href="/wiki/42nd_Armoured_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="42nd Armoured Division (United Kingdom)">42nd Armoured Division</a> (1941–42)</li><li><a href="/wiki/42nd_(East_Lancashire)_Infantry_Division" title="42nd (East Lancashire) Infantry Division">42nd (East Lancashire) Infantry Division</a> (1941)</li><li><a href="/wiki/46th_Infantry_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="46th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)">46th Infantry Division</a> (1941)</li><li><a href="/wiki/13th_Infantry_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="13th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)">13th Infantry Brigade</a> (1939–40)</li><li>1st Battalion, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Berkshire_Regiment" title="Royal Berkshire Regiment">Royal Berkshire Regiment</a> (1938–39)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Delville_Wood" title="Battle of Delville Wood">Battle of Delville Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cambrai_(1917)" title="Battle of Cambrai (1917)">Battle of Cambrai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_spring_offensive" title="German spring offensive">German spring offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Days_Offensive" title="Hundred Days Offensive">Hundred Days Offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_revolt_of_1920" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraqi revolt of 1920">Iraqi revolt of 1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_France" title="Battle of France">Battle of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Sicily" title="Allied invasion of Sicily">Allied invasion of Sicily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Normandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Normandy">Battle of Normandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_advance_from_Paris_to_the_Rhine" class="mw-redirect" title="Allied advance from Paris to the Rhine">Allied advance from Paris to the Rhine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Market_Garden" title="Operation Market Garden">Operation Market Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Allied_invasion_of_Germany" title="Western Allied invasion of Germany">Western Allied invasion of Germany</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine_Emergency" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestine Emergency">Palestine Emergency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire">Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Knight_Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_Bath" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath">Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Service_Order" title="Distinguished Service Order">Distinguished Service Order</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Military_Cross" title="Military Cross">Military Cross</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mentioned_in_Despatches" class="mw-redirect" title="Mentioned in Despatches">Mentioned in Despatches</a> (4)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Service_Medal_(U.S._Army)" title="Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)">Army Distinguished Service Medal</a> (United States)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Merit" title="Legion of Merit">Commander of the Legion of Merit</a> (United States)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Leopold_(Belgium)" title="Order of Leopold (Belgium)">Grand Officer of the Order of Leopold with Palm</a> (Belgium)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Croix_de_guerre_(Belgium)" title="Croix de guerre (Belgium)">Croix de guerre with Palm</a> (Belgium)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Orange-Nassau" title="Order of Orange-Nassau">Knight Grand Officer of the Order of Orange-Nassau with Swords</a> (Netherlands)</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <a href="/wiki/General_(United_Kingdom)" title="General (United Kingdom)">General</a> Sir Miles Christopher Dempsey, <a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire">GBE</a>, <a href="/wiki/Knight_Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_Bath" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath">KCB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Service_Order" title="Distinguished Service Order">DSO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_Cross" title="Military Cross">MC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Lieutenant" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Lieutenant">DL</a> (15 December 1896 – 5 June 1969) was a senior <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> officer who served in both <a href="/wiki/World_war" title="World war">world wars</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a> he commanded the <a href="/wiki/Second_Army_(United_Kingdom)" title="Second Army (United Kingdom)">Second Army</a> in northwest Europe. A highly professional career soldier who made his reputation in active service, Dempsey was highly thought of by both his subordinates and superiors, most notably <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Montgomery" title="Bernard Montgomery">Bernard Montgomery</a>, but is not well known. A 1915 graduate of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_College,_Sandhurst" title="Royal Military College, Sandhurst">Royal Military College, Sandhurst</a>, Dempsey was <a href="/wiki/Officer_(armed_forces)" title="Officer (armed forces)">commissioned</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Second_lieutenant" title="Second lieutenant">second lieutenant</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Berkshire_Regiment" title="Royal Berkshire Regiment">Royal Berkshire Regiment</a>. As a junior officer, he fought on the <a href="/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_I)" title="Western Front (World War I)">Western Front</a> during the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>, where he was wounded, and was awarded the Military Cross. After the war, he served in Iraq during the <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_revolt_of_1920" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraqi revolt of 1920">Iraqi revolt of 1920</a>, in Iran during the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a>, and in India. During the Second World War Dempsey formed a close relationship with Montgomery. He commanded the <a href="/wiki/13th_Infantry_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="13th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)">13th Brigade</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_France" title="Battle of France">Battle of France</a> in 1940, and then spent the next two years training troops in England. He commanded the <a href="/wiki/Eighth_Army_(United_Kingdom)" title="Eighth Army (United Kingdom)">Eighth Army</a>'s <a href="/wiki/XIII_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="XIII Corps (United Kingdom)">XIII Corps</a> in the Allied invasions of <a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Sicily" title="Allied invasion of Sicily">Sicily</a> and <a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Italy" title="Allied invasion of Italy">Italy</a> in 1943. He commanded the Second Army during the <a href="/wiki/Operation_Overlord" title="Operation Overlord">Battle of Normandy</a> and made rapid advances in the subsequent campaign in Northern France and Belgium. After the war, he commanded the <a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Army_(United_Kingdom)" title="Fourteenth Army (United Kingdom)">Fourteenth Army</a> in the Far East, and the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Command" title="Middle East Command">Middle East Command</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Palestine_Emergency" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestine Emergency">Palestine Emergency</a>. He retired from the Army in 1947, and was involved in <a href="/wiki/Horse_racing" title="Horse racing">horse racing</a>. He bred and raced his own horses, and was Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/The_Tote" title="The Tote">Racecourse Betting Control Board</a> from 1947 to 1951. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_military_career">Early life and military career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Miles_Dempsey&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and military career">edit</a>]</div> Miles Christopher Dempsey was born in <a href="/wiki/New_Brighton,_Merseyside" title="New Brighton, Merseyside">New Brighton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wallasey" title="Wallasey">Wallasey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cheshire" title="Cheshire">Cheshire</a>, on 15 December 1896,<a href="#cite_note-odnb-2">[2]</a> the third and youngest son of Arthur Francis, a marine insurance broker, and his wife Margaret Maud De La Fosse, the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Major-general_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Major-general (United Kingdom)">Major-General</a> Henry De La Fosse.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron20101-3">[3]</a> Dempsey was the descendant of a clan in <a href="/wiki/County_Offaly" title="County Offaly">County Offaly</a> and <a href="/wiki/County_Laois" title="County Laois">County Laois</a> in Ireland.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron20101-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMatthews190322–25-4">[4]</a> His ancestor <a href="/wiki/Terence_O%27Dempsey,_1st_Viscount_Clanmalier" title="Terence O'Dempsey, 1st Viscount Clanmalier">Terence O'Dempsey</a> had been knighted on the field of battle by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Devereux,_2nd_Earl_of_Essex" title="Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex">Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex</a> on 22 May 1599,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMatthews190391–92-5">[5]</a> and was created <a href="/wiki/Viscount_Clanmalier" title="Viscount Clanmalier">Viscount Clanmalier</a> in 1631.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMatthews1903117–118-6">[6]</a> <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_O%27Dempsey,_3rd_Viscount_Clanmalier" title="Maximilian O'Dempsey, 3rd Viscount Clanmalier">Maximilian O'Dempsey, 3rd Viscount Clanmalier</a>, was loyal to the Catholic <a href="/wiki/King_James_II" class="mw-redirect" title="King James II">King James II</a> and, as a result, was <a href="/wiki/Attainted" class="mw-redirect" title="Attainted">attainted</a>, and the family lost all their lands in 1691.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMatthews1903117–118-6">[6]</a> Dempsey's branch of the family left Ireland and by the mid-19th century had settled in Cheshire.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron20101-3">[3]</a> When Dempsey was six years old, his father killed himself, after which the family moved to <a href="/wiki/Crawley" title="Crawley">Crawley</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sussex" title="Sussex">Sussex</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron20101-3">[3]</a> Dempsey was educated at <a href="/wiki/Shrewsbury_School" title="Shrewsbury School">Shrewsbury School</a>, entering there in 1911. He captained the first eleven <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricket</a> team in the 1914 season when they did not lose a match. He was a school and house monitor, and played in the second eleven <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> team. He attended <a href="/wiki/Officers%27_Training_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Officers' Training Corps">Officers' Training Corps</a> camp at <a href="/wiki/Rugeley" title="Rugeley">Rugeley</a>, reaching the rank of <a href="/wiki/Sergeant" title="Sergeant">sergeant</a> by 1914. The <a href="/wiki/Great_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Great War">Great War</a> broke out in August of that year, and in October he left Shrewsbury to enter the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_College,_Sandhurst" title="Royal Military College, Sandhurst">Royal Military College, Sandhurst</a>, at the age of 17.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron20102–3-7">[7]</a> He graduated in February 1915 and was <a href="/wiki/Officer_(armed_forces)" title="Officer (armed forces)">commissioned</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Second_lieutenant" title="Second lieutenant">second lieutenant</a> into the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Berkshire_Regiment" title="Royal Berkshire Regiment">Royal Berkshire Regiment</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron20104–5-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> Promoted to <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_(British_Army_and_Royal_Marines)" title="Lieutenant (British Army and Royal Marines)">lieutenant</a> in August,<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Dempsey attended training courses until he reached the age of 19 and was eligible to proceed overseas. He served on the <a href="/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_I)" title="Western Front (World War I)">Western Front</a> with the 1st Battalion, Royal Berkshires, from June 1916 onwards.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron20104–5-8">[8]</a> The battalion was part of the <a href="/wiki/99th_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="99th Brigade (United Kingdom)">99th Brigade</a> of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Infantry_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="2nd Infantry Division (United Kingdom)">2nd Division</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWyrall1921a245–246-11">[11]</a> Dempsey, serving as a <a href="/wiki/Platoon" title="Platoon">platoon commander</a> in D Company, first saw action during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Delville_Wood" title="Battle of Delville Wood">Battle of Delville Wood</a> in late July 1916, part of the larger <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Somme" title="Battle of the Somme">Somme offensive</a>. Although successful, the battalion suffered heavy casualties, including eight officers. It was relieved in the line and saw little further fighting that year. Dempsey was promoted to the <a href="/wiki/Acting_(rank)" class="mw-redirect" title="Acting (rank)">acting</a> rank of <a href="/wiki/Captain_(British_Army_and_Royal_Marines)" title="Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)">captain</a> and assumed command of D Company, and later B Company. In November the battalion took part in an assault on Munich Trench, near the <a href="/wiki/Serre_(river)" title="Serre (river)">River Serre</a>. As at Delville Wood earlier in the year, the assault was successful but with heavy losses, although Dempsey again remained unscathed, and soon returned to England for home <a href="/wiki/Leave_(military)" title="Leave (military)">leave</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron20108–10-12">[12]</a> On 8 February 1917 he became the <a href="/wiki/Adjutant" title="Adjutant">adjutant</a> of the battalion.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECaddick-Adams200567-13">[13]</a> Following attacks near <a href="/wiki/Miraumont" title="Miraumont">Miraumont</a> and then <a href="/wiki/Oppy,_Pas-de-Calais" title="Oppy, Pas-de-Calais">Oppy</a> in April,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWyrall1921b431-14">[14]</a> the battalion, badly understrength, remained in a quiet sector of the front for most of the year and was temporarily merged with the 23rd (Service) Battalion, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Fusiliers" title="Royal Fusiliers">Royal Fusiliers</a>. Dempsey was posted as a <a href="/wiki/Staff_(military)" title="Staff (military)">staff officer</a> at <a href="/wiki/II_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="II Corps (United Kingdom)">II Corps</a> headquarters (HQ), before returning to the 1st Royal Berkshires, this time in command of A Company. In late November the battalion attacked Bourlon Wood as part of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cambrai_(1917)" title="Battle of Cambrai (1917)">Battle of Cambrai</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201010–11-15">[15]</a> On 12 March 1918, as the Germans prepared to launch their <a href="/wiki/German_spring_offensive" title="German spring offensive">Spring Offensive</a>, they laid down a heavy <a href="/wiki/Chemical_weapons_in_World_War_I" title="Chemical weapons in World War I">mustard gas</a> <a href="/wiki/Barrage_(artillery)" title="Barrage (artillery)">barrage</a> on Dempsey's battalion, which was now at <a href="/wiki/Lavacquerie" title="Lavacquerie">Lavacquerie</a> with Dempsey commanding D Company. Dempsey, along with 10 other officers and 250 <a href="/wiki/Other_ranks_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Other ranks (UK)">other ranks</a>, was gassed and later evacuated to England, where he had a lung removed.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201012–14-16">[16]</a> He returned to the battalion on 6 July, where, with the tide of the war having turned, the 1st Royal Berkshires took part in the <a href="/wiki/Hundred_Days_Offensive" title="Hundred Days Offensive">Hundred Days Offensive</a> until the war ended on with the <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_11_November_1918" title="Armistice of 11 November 1918">armistice of 11 November 1918</a>. Dempsey served as adjutant again from 5 October to 4 November.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECaddick-Adams200567-13">[13]</a> Dempsey was <a href="/wiki/Mentioned_in_despatches" class="mw-redirect" title="Mentioned in despatches">mentioned in despatches</a> on 8 November 1918,<a href="#cite_note-mid1-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201015-18">[18]</a> and awarded the <a href="/wiki/Military_Cross" title="Military Cross">Military Cross</a>, which was gazetted in the <a href="/wiki/1919_Birthday_Honours_(MC)" title="1919 Birthday Honours (MC)">King's Birthday Honours list on 3 June 1919</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MC-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmart200581-20">[20]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Between_the_wars">Between the wars</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Miles_Dempsey&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Between the wars">edit</a>]</div> After the war ended the 1st Royal Berkshires served in the <a href="/wiki/Allied_occupation_of_the_Rhineland" class="mw-redirect" title="Allied occupation of the Rhineland">Allied occupation of the Rhineland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201014-21">[21]</a> On 16 February 1919 Dempsey returned to the UK on leave.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECaddick-Adams200567-13">[13]</a> During the summer he played two <a href="/wiki/First-class_cricket" title="First-class cricket">first-class cricket</a> matches for <a href="/wiki/Sussex_County_Cricket_Club" title="Sussex County Cricket Club">Sussex</a> against <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Cricket_Club" title="Oxford University Cricket Club">Oxford University</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northamptonshire_County_Cricket_Club" title="Northamptonshire County Cricket Club">Northamptonshire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> The 1st Battalion was re-formed at <a href="/wiki/Draycot_Foliat#Chiseldon_Camp" title="Draycot Foliat">Chiseldon Camp</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a> in June and Dempsey rejoined it.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201016-23">[23]</a> In September it was sent to Iraq, where it helped suppress the <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_revolt_of_1920" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraqi revolt of 1920">Iraqi revolt of 1920</a>. The following August, it moved to Iran, where it formed part of <a href="/wiki/North_Persia_Force" title="North Persia Force">North Persia Force</a> (Norperforce) in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEnglish200952-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201016–23-25">[25]</a> While his battalion was stationed in Iran, Dempsey took up <a href="/wiki/Pelmanism_(system)" title="Pelmanism (system)">Pelmanism</a>. In late 1921 it moved again, this time to <a href="/wiki/Bareilly" title="Bareilly">Bareilly</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">India</a>, and Dempsey took over C Company. In 1922 he returned to England for his first leave in almost three years. He went back to India later in the year before returning to England again in 1923, this time to take up an appointment at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201024–26-26">[26]</a> While at Sandhurst Dempsey commanded No. 1 Platoon of No. 1 Company, which was commanded by <a href="/wiki/Major_(United_Kingdom)" title="Major (United Kingdom)">Major</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_O%27Connor" title="Richard O'Connor">Richard O'Connor</a>, who was later to serve under Dempsey.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEnglish200952-24">[24]</a> Another who he would later encounter, and become great friends with, was <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Browning" title="Frederick Browning">Frederick Browning</a>, then a captain and the college's adjutant.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201027-27">[27]</a> Dempsey remained in this post until 1927 when he returned to duties with his regiment. This time he was posted to the 2nd Battalion, which was serving in Germany as part of the <a href="/wiki/British_Army_of_the_Rhine" title="British Army of the Rhine">British Army of the Rhine</a> (BAOR). Dempsey took over B Company, and spent a large amount of his time travelling, mainly by bicycle, around Europe, visiting battlefields of old wars, as well as likely scenes of battle in any future conflicts.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201027–29-28">[28]</a> The 2nd Battalion returned to the UK in 1928.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEdmonds1987300–301-29">[29]</a> Between 1926 and 1932, he played <a href="/wiki/Minor_Counties_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor Counties Championship">Minor Counties Championship</a> cricket for <a href="/wiki/Berkshire_County_Cricket_Club" title="Berkshire County Cricket Club">Berkshire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> He also played football and <a href="/wiki/Field_hockey" title="Field hockey">hockey</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201016-23">[23]</a> In January 1930 Dempsey was admitted to the <a href="/wiki/Staff_College,_Camberley" title="Staff College, Camberley">Staff College, Camberley</a>, graduating in December 1931. His fellow students in the Junior Division included numerous future <a href="/wiki/General_officer" title="General officer">general officers</a>, including <a href="/wiki/William_Gott" title="William Gott">William Gott</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Hopkinson" title="George Hopkinson">George Hopkinson</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_William_Symes" title="George William Symes">George Symes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Chilton" title="Maurice Chilton">Maurice Chilton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aubertin_Walter_Sothern_Mallaby" title="Aubertin Walter Sothern Mallaby">Walter Mallaby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Blundell_Rawlins" title="Stuart Blundell Rawlins">Stuart Rawlins</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Nichols_(British_Army_officer)" title="John Nichols (British Army officer)">John Nichols</a>. The Senior Division attending from 1929 to 1930 included <a href="/wiki/Neil_Ritchie" title="Neil Ritchie">Neil Ritchie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Lumsden" title="Herbert Lumsden">Herbert Lumsden</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Erskine" title="George Erskine">George Erskine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ivor_Hughes" title="Ivor Hughes">Ivor Hughes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reginald_Denning" title="Reginald Denning">Reginald Denning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Redman" title="Harold Redman">Harold Redman</a> and <a href="/wiki/I._S._O._Playfair" title="I. S. O. Playfair">Ian Playfair</a>, while in Dempsey's second year, the Junior Division, attending from 1931 to 1932, included <a href="/wiki/Brian_Horrocks" title="Brian Horrocks">Brian Horrocks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Kirkman" title="Sidney Kirkman">Sidney Kirkman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Simpson_(British_Army_officer)" title="Frank Simpson (British Army officer)">Frank Simpson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Baillon" title="Joseph Baillon">Joseph Baillon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Dowler" title="Arthur Dowler">Arthur Dowler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wynford_Rees" title="Thomas Wynford Rees">Thomas Rees</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keith_Arbuthnott,_15th_Viscount_of_Arbuthnott" title="Keith Arbuthnott, 15th Viscount of Arbuthnott">Keith Arbuthnott</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cameron_Nicholson" title="Cameron Nicholson">Cameron Nicholson</a>. The instructors in Dempsey's first year included <a href="/wiki/Henry_Maitland_Wilson" title="Henry Maitland Wilson">Henry Maitland Wilson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trafford_Leigh-Mallory" title="Trafford Leigh-Mallory">Trafford Leigh-Mallory</a>. Nearly all of these men were to achieve high rank in the upcoming war.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201029–31-31">[31]</a> Enjoying his time at the Staff College, Dempsey captained the college cricket team. He also excelled at <a href="/wiki/Equitation" title="Equitation">equitation</a>, beating Gott in the <a href="/wiki/Point-to-point_(steeplechase)" title="Point-to-point (steeplechase)">point-to-point</a> competition.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201033-32">[32]</a> Students worked in syndicates; Dempsey's chose to study the August 1914 <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gumbinnen" title="Battle of Gumbinnen">Battle of Gumbinnen</a>. They toured the battlefield with <a href="/wiki/Hauptmann" title="Hauptmann">Hauptmann</a> <a href="/wiki/Anton_Reichard_von_Mauchenheim_genannt_Bechtolsheim" title="Anton Reichard von Mauchenheim genannt Bechtolsheim">Anton Reichard von Mauchenheim genannt Bechtolsheim</a>, a German Army officer who had been on two months' secondment to the British Army in 1930. The syndicate noted the influence that poor communications had on the outcome of the battle, and speculated as to how <a href="/wiki/Armoured_fighting_vehicle" title="Armoured fighting vehicle">armoured fighting vehicles</a> might have been employed had they existed at the time.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201031–33-33">[33]</a> Completion of the course at Camberley was normally followed by a staff posting to allow the graduate to practise his skills, and Dempsey's first posting after Camberley was as a General Staff Officer Grade 3 (GSO3) on the staff of the <a href="/wiki/Military_Secretary_(United_Kingdom)" title="Military Secretary (United Kingdom)">Military Secretary</a>, Major-General <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Clive" title="Sidney Clive">Sidney Clive</a>. Dempsey was responsible for the careers and assignments of all officers below the rank of <a href="/wiki/Colonel_(United_Kingdom)" title="Colonel (United Kingdom)">colonel</a>, with access to their annual confidential reports.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201034–35-34">[34]</a> Dempsey, who was promoted to major on 22 September 1932,<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> held this post until late January 1934, when he handed over to Horrocks upon receiving an appointment as <a href="/wiki/Brigade_major" title="Brigade major">brigade major</a> of the <a href="/wiki/5th_Infantry_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="5th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)">5th Infantry Brigade</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201034–35-34">[34]</a> The brigade, commanded by <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_(United_Kingdom)" title="Brigadier (United Kingdom)">Brigadier</a> <a href="/wiki/Victor_Fortune" title="Victor Fortune">Victor Fortune</a> (<a href="/wiki/Francis_Nosworthy" title="Francis Nosworthy">Francis Nosworthy</a> from 1935), formed part of the 2nd Division, then commanded by Major-General <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Wavell,_1st_Earl_Wavell" title="Archibald Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell">Archibald Wavell</a>. It served in <a href="/wiki/Aldershot_Command" title="Aldershot Command">Aldershot Command</a> and took part in numerous large-scale <a href="/wiki/Military_exercise" title="Military exercise">military manoeuvres</a> throughout Dempsey's time as brigade major. After handing over again to Horrocks in February 1936, Dempsey returned to the 1st Battalion of his regiment, taking command of HQ Company. The 1st Battalion was now stationed in <a href="/wiki/Shorncliffe,_Kent" class="mw-redirect" title="Shorncliffe, Kent">Shorncliffe, Kent</a>, as part of the <a href="/wiki/10th_Infantry_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="10th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)">10th Brigade</a> of the <a href="/wiki/4th_Infantry_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="4th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)">4th Division</a>. Shortly after Dempsey's return, <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel_(United_Kingdom)" title="Lieutenant colonel (United Kingdom)">Lieutenant Colonel</a> <a href="/wiki/Eric_Miles" title="Eric Miles">Eric Miles</a> assumed command.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201036–39-36">[36]</a> The following year Dempsey attended a brief course at the <a href="/wiki/Senior_Officers%27_School" title="Senior Officers' School">Senior Officers' School</a> at <a href="/wiki/Sheerness" title="Sheerness">Sheerness</a>, before being posted to South Africa, where he served as a General Staff Officer Grade 2 (GSO2) with the <a href="/wiki/Union_Defence_Force_(South_Africa)" title="Union Defence Force (South Africa)">Defence Forces of the Union of South Africa</a> at the <a href="/wiki/South_African_Army_College" title="South African Army College">South African Army College</a> at <a href="/wiki/Thaba_Tshwane" title="Thaba Tshwane">Roberts Heights</a> near <a href="/wiki/Pretoria" title="Pretoria">Pretoria</a>, a posting which he enjoyed. Relinquishing that post in late January 1938, he returned to England soon after to succeed Miles as <a href="/wiki/Commanding_officer" title="Commanding officer">commanding officer</a> (CO) of the 1st Battalion, Royal Berkshires,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201040–42-37">[37]</a> and received a promotion to lieutenant colonel on 11 February 1938.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> The 1st Battalion, still with the 10th Brigade, was both lacking in modern equipment and severely understrength, although, with the possibility of another war in Europe, the situation slowly changed and new equipment and <a href="/wiki/Army_Reserve_(United_Kingdom)" title="Army Reserve (United Kingdom)">reservists</a> began arriving.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201040–42-37">[37]</a> In October 1938 Dempsey's battalion moved to <a href="/wiki/Blackdown_Army_Camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackdown Army Camp">Blackdown Army Camp</a> in <a href="/wiki/Surrey" title="Surrey">Surrey</a>. It was transferred from Brigadier <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Barker" title="Evelyn Barker">Evelyn Barker</a>'s 10th Brigade to Brigadier <a href="/wiki/Noel_Irwin" title="Noel Irwin">Noel Irwin</a>'s <a href="/wiki/6th_Infantry_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="6th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)">6th Brigade</a> and became part of the 2nd Division once more.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201040–42-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEnglish200952-24">[24]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Second_World_War">Second World War</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Miles_Dempsey&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Second World War">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Belgium_and_France">Belgium and France</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Miles_Dempsey&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Belgium and France">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Generals_1939-1945_F3108.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/British_Generals_1939-1945_F3108.jpg/220px-British_Generals_1939-1945_F3108.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/British_Generals_1939-1945_F3108.jpg/330px-British_Generals_1939-1945_F3108.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/British_Generals_1939-1945_F3108.jpg/440px-British_Generals_1939-1945_F3108.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="592" /></a><figcaption>Brigadier Miles Dempsey (centre) and his staff, with their mascot 'Tiny' at Wervicq, France, in late 1939.</figcaption></figure> Soon after the start of the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a> in September 1939, Dempsey, with his battalion, was sent to France as part of the <a href="/wiki/British_Expeditionary_Force_(World_War_II)" title="British Expeditionary Force (World War II)">British Expeditionary Force</a> (BEF).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201040–42-37">[37]</a> In November Dempsey was promoted to the acting rank of brigadier, and assumed command of the <a href="/wiki/13th_Infantry_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="13th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)">13th Infantry Brigade</a> in place of Brigadier <a href="/wiki/Henry_Willcox" title="Henry Willcox">Henry Willcox</a>, who had been one of Dempsey's instructors at the Staff College in the 1930s, and had been promoted. Aged just 42, Dempsey was one of the youngest brigadiers in the British Army. The brigade now formed part of Major-General <a href="/wiki/Harold_Franklyn" title="Harold Franklyn">Harold Franklyn</a>'s <a href="/wiki/5th_Infantry_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="5th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)">5th Division</a>, although the division was still not fully formed. The brigade was sent to France as an independent formation, and had spent most of its time on guard duties in the BEF's rear areas. Together with the <a href="/wiki/15th_Infantry_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="15th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)">15th Infantry Brigade</a>, under Brigadier <a href="/wiki/Horatio_Pettus_Mackintosh_Berney-Ficklin" class="mw-redirect" title="Horatio Pettus Mackintosh Berney-Ficklin">Horatio Berney-Ficklin</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/17th_Infantry_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="17th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)">17th Infantry Brigade</a>, under Brigadier <a href="/wiki/Montagu_Stopford" title="Montagu Stopford">Montagu Stopford</a>, it re-joined the 5th Division when the division HQ arrived in late December. The 5th Division then became part of II Corps (<a href="/wiki/Lieutenant-General_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant-General (United Kingdom)">Lieutenant-General</a> <a href="/wiki/Alan_Brooke" class="mw-redirect" title="Alan Brooke">Alan Brooke</a>).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201043-39">[39]</a> The brigade saw action in May 1940 in the <a href="/wiki/Operation_David#Withdrawal_to_the_Escaut" title="Operation David">retreat from the River Dyle</a> and fought in the <a href="/wiki/Operation_David#Defence_of_the_Escaut" title="Operation David">defensive battle</a> on the <a href="/wiki/River_Scarpe" class="mw-redirect" title="River Scarpe">River Scarpe</a>. When the Belgian Army surrendered in late May the brigade took part in the holding <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Ypres%E2%80%93Comines_Canal" title="Battle of the Ypres–Comines Canal">battle of the Ypres–Comines Canal</a> allowing the <a href="/wiki/3rd_Division_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="3rd Division (United Kingdom)">3rd Infantry Division</a> (Major-General <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Montgomery" title="Bernard Montgomery">Bernard Montgomery</a>) to cross their rear and secure the gap created by the Belgian collapse.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMead2007117-40">[40]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dunkirk" title="Battle of Dunkirk">retreat to Dunkirk</a> the brigade provided part of the <a href="/wiki/Rearguard" title="Rearguard">rearguard</a> for the BEF during the <a href="/wiki/Dunkirk_evacuation" title="Dunkirk evacuation">Dunkirk evacuation</a> before being lifted off the beaches. By the time the 13th Brigade returned to England, it was reduced to fewer than 500 men, out of an original strength of nearly 3,000.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201049-41">[41]</a> For his services in France, Dempsey was mentioned in despatches and made a companion of the <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Service_Order" title="Distinguished Service Order">Distinguished Service Order</a> in July, which was presented to him by Franklyn.<a href="#cite_note-mid2-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-DSO-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201049-41">[41]</a> Soon after, Franklyn was replaced by Berney-Ficklin.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMead200764-44">[44]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:42nd_Armoured_Division_Exercise,_Near_Malton_in_Yorkshire,_29_September_1942_TR166.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/42nd_Armoured_Division_Exercise%2C_Near_Malton_in_Yorkshire%2C_29_September_1942_TR166.jpg/220px-42nd_Armoured_Division_Exercise%2C_Near_Malton_in_Yorkshire%2C_29_September_1942_TR166.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/42nd_Armoured_Division_Exercise%2C_Near_Malton_in_Yorkshire%2C_29_September_1942_TR166.jpg/330px-42nd_Armoured_Division_Exercise%2C_Near_Malton_in_Yorkshire%2C_29_September_1942_TR166.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/42nd_Armoured_Division_Exercise%2C_Near_Malton_in_Yorkshire%2C_29_September_1942_TR166.jpg/440px-42nd_Armoured_Division_Exercise%2C_Near_Malton_in_Yorkshire%2C_29_September_1942_TR166.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="559" /></a><figcaption>The Commander in Chief Home Forces, General Sir <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Paget" title="Bernard Paget">Bernard Paget</a> (left) and Dempsey (right) watch <a href="/wiki/42nd_(East_Lancashire)_Infantry_Division" title="42nd (East Lancashire) Infantry Division">42nd Armoured Division</a> exercises from a <a href="/wiki/Crusader_tank" title="Crusader tank">Crusader tank</a>.</figcaption></figure> In July Dempsey took up the appointment of Brigadier General Staff (BGS) of the newly created <a href="/wiki/VII_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="VII Corps (United Kingdom)">VII Corps</a>, which in December became known as the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Corps_(World_War_II)" title="Canadian Corps (World War II)">Canadian Corps</a>, and was commanded by Lieutenant General <a href="/wiki/Andrew_McNaughton" title="Andrew McNaughton">Andrew McNaughton</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Army" title="Canadian Army">Canadian Army</a>. As the senior staff officer of the new corps, he helped to oversee the Canadian units and higher formations during their training,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201049–52-45">[45]</a> and it was during this time where his "quiet competence, notable friendliness, and lack of airs endeared him to the Canadians."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEnglish200953-46">[46]</a> He held this position until 15 June 1941, when he was promoted to the acting rank of major-general, and given command of the <a href="/wiki/46th_Infantry_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="46th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)">46th Infantry Division</a>,<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> at the instigation of General <a href="/wiki/Alan_Brooke,_1st_Viscount_Alanbrooke" title="Alan Brooke, 1st Viscount Alanbrooke">Sir Alan Brooke</a>, then the <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief,_Home_Forces" title="Commander-in-Chief, Home Forces">Commander-in-Chief, Home Forces</a>, who had recognised Dempsey's ability in Belgium and France and thought highly of him.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEnglish200953-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201052-48">[48]</a> His stay with the division, which had fought in France a year earlier, was not destined to be for long as, four months later, he assumed command of the <a href="/wiki/42nd_(East_Lancashire)_Infantry_Division" title="42nd (East Lancashire) Infantry Division">42nd (East Lancashire) Infantry Division</a>, which was in the process of converting to an <a href="/wiki/Armoured_warfare" title="Armoured warfare">armoured division</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMead2007117-40">[40]</a> This required him to implement a huge training programme. The <a href="/wiki/125th_(Lancashire_Fusiliers)_Brigade" title="125th (Lancashire Fusiliers) Brigade">125th</a> and <a href="/wiki/126th_(East_Lancashire)_Brigade" title="126th (East Lancashire) Brigade">126th Infantry Brigades</a> were converted into the <a href="/wiki/10th_Armoured_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="10th Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom)">10th</a> and <a href="/wiki/11th_Armoured_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="11th Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom)">11th Armoured Brigades</a> and their infantry battalions converted to regiments of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Armoured_Corps" title="Royal Armoured Corps">Royal Armoured Corps</a>. Further challenges were presented in May 1942 when the establishment of British armoured divisions was altered to have an armoured brigade with an infantry brigade instead of having two armoured brigades. The 10th and 11th Armoured Brigades were withdrawn from the division and replaced by <a href="/wiki/30th_Armoured_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="30th Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom)">30th Armoured Brigade</a> and <a href="/wiki/71st_Infantry_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="71st Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)">71st Infantry Brigade</a>. By the end of the year, Dempsey had become well-versed in the direction of combined armoured and infantry formations as well as an experienced trainer of troops.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMead2007118-49">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sicily_and_Italy">Sicily and Italy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Miles_Dempsey&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Sicily and Italy">edit</a>]</div> On 12 December 1942 Dempsey was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant-general_(United_Kingdom)" title="Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom)">lieutenant-general</a> and assumed command of <a href="/wiki/XIII_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="XIII Corps (United Kingdom)">XIII Corps</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/Eighth_Army_(United_Kingdom)" title="Eighth Army (United Kingdom)">Eighth Army</a> in North Africa, at the request of Montgomery, the Eighth Army commander. Dempsey replaced Horrocks, who took over <a href="/wiki/X_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="X Corps (United Kingdom)">X Corps</a>. In his memoirs, Montgomery wrote that Dempsey had been a student of his when he was an instructor at the Staff College,<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMontgomery1958141-51">[51]</a> but his memory was faulty; Montgomery left the Staff College in 1929, and Dempsey did not arrive until 1930.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201033–34-52">[52]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Campaign_in_Sicily_1943_NA5687.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/The_Campaign_in_Sicily_1943_NA5687.jpg/220px-The_Campaign_in_Sicily_1943_NA5687.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/The_Campaign_in_Sicily_1943_NA5687.jpg/330px-The_Campaign_in_Sicily_1943_NA5687.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/The_Campaign_in_Sicily_1943_NA5687.jpg/440px-The_Campaign_in_Sicily_1943_NA5687.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="787" /></a><figcaption>Dempsey (left) with two of his staff (Major Priestly and Captain Hay) in Sicily in July 1943</figcaption></figure> Unlike a division, which had a set structure, a corps was a flexible formation to which divisions and brigades were assigned as necessary. When he arrived in <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a>, Dempsey found all he commanded was a headquarters, because the long <a href="/wiki/Line_of_communication" title="Line of communication">lines of communication</a> to Eighth Army's spearhead could only sustain X Corps and <a href="/wiki/XXX_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="XXX Corps (United Kingdom)">XXX Corps</a> (Lieutenant-General <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Leese" title="Oliver Leese">Oliver Leese</a>).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201058–59-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMead2007118-49">[49]</a> Dempsey was employed in the planning of the <a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Sicily" title="Allied invasion of Sicily">Allied invasion of Sicily</a>. The plan was developed by a staff in <a href="/wiki/Algiers" title="Algiers">Algiers</a> known as Force 141, under Major-General <a href="/wiki/Charles_Gairdner" title="Charles Gairdner">Charles Gairdner</a>. Dempsey temporarily assumed the role of <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_staff" title="Chief of staff">chief of staff</a> of Force 545, the staff responsible for planning the Eighth Army's part in the operation, until Major-General <a href="/wiki/Francis_de_Guingand" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis de Guingand">Francis de Guingand</a>, the Eighth Army chief of staff, could be spared to take over.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolonyFlynnDaviesGleave19738-54">[54]</a> Dempsey did not like the plan, which involved separate, dispersed landings. This assumed that the German and Italian response would be slow and weak, and nothing in the British experience of the war supported the expectation that this would be the case. Dempsey wanted the Allied forces to land where they could support each other in the event of a strong and vigorous German response. Dempsey took his objections to Montgomery on 13 March 1943 and then to Gairdner five days later. The former agreed with him but the latter did not.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201058–59-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDe_Guingand1947274–275-55">[55]</a> De Guingand took over on 17 April, enabling Dempsey to return to command of XIII Corps.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolonyFlynnDaviesGleave197321-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDe_Guingand1947272-57">[57]</a> De Guingand discussed the plan with Dempsey, agreed with Dempsey's objections and prepared an appreciation for Montgomery.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDe_Guingand1947274–275-55">[55]</a> Montgomery raised their objections with <a href="/wiki/General_(United_Kingdom)" title="General (United Kingdom)">General</a> <a href="/wiki/Harold_Alexander" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold Alexander">Harold Alexander</a>, the <a href="/wiki/15th_Army_Group" title="15th Army Group">15th Army Group</a> commander, on 24 April. After some debate, the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Allied_Commander" title="Supreme Allied Commander">Supreme Allied Commander</a>, General <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> accepted Montgomery's revised plan on 3 May.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolonyFlynnDaviesGleave197321–23-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDe_Guingand1947278–281-59">[59]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Campaign_in_Italy,_September-december_1943-_the_Allied_Advance_To_the_Gustav_Line-_Personalities_NA10338.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/The_Campaign_in_Italy%2C_September-december_1943-_the_Allied_Advance_To_the_Gustav_Line-_Personalities_NA10338.jpg/220px-The_Campaign_in_Italy%2C_September-december_1943-_the_Allied_Advance_To_the_Gustav_Line-_Personalities_NA10338.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/The_Campaign_in_Italy%2C_September-december_1943-_the_Allied_Advance_To_the_Gustav_Line-_Personalities_NA10338.jpg/330px-The_Campaign_in_Italy%2C_September-december_1943-_the_Allied_Advance_To_the_Gustav_Line-_Personalities_NA10338.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/The_Campaign_in_Italy%2C_September-december_1943-_the_Allied_Advance_To_the_Gustav_Line-_Personalities_NA10338.jpg/440px-The_Campaign_in_Italy%2C_September-december_1943-_the_Allied_Advance_To_the_Gustav_Line-_Personalities_NA10338.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="786" /></a><figcaption>Dempsey (right) in Italy with (left to right) <a href="/wiki/Freddie_de_Guingand" title="Freddie de Guingand">Freddie de Guingand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Broadhurst" title="Harry Broadhurst">Harry Broadhurst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Montgomery" title="Bernard Montgomery">Bernard Montgomery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Freyberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernard Freyberg">Bernard Freyberg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Walter_Allfrey" title="Charles Walter Allfrey">Charles Allfrey</a></figcaption></figure> For the invasion of Sicily, XIII Corps had two infantry divisions, the 5th Division under Berney-Ficklin and the <a href="/wiki/50th_Infantry_Division_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="50th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)">50th Division</a> under Major-General Sidney Kirkman and the <a href="/wiki/4th_Infantry_Brigade_and_Headquarters_North_East" class="mw-redirect" title="4th Infantry Brigade and Headquarters North East">4th Armoured Brigade</a> (Brigadier <a href="/wiki/John_Cecil_Currie" title="John Cecil Currie">John Cecil Currie</a>), which had only two armoured regiments, the <a href="/wiki/44th_Royal_Tank_Regiment" title="44th Royal Tank Regiment">44th Royal Tank Regiment</a> and the <a href="/wiki/3rd_County_of_London_Yeomanry_(Sharpshooters)" title="3rd County of London Yeomanry (Sharpshooters)">3rd County of London Yeomanry (Sharpshooters)</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolonyFlynnDaviesGleave19739,_94-60">[60]</a> He was also responsible for the <a href="/wiki/1st_Airborne_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="1st Airborne Division (United Kingdom)">1st Airborne Division</a> (Major-General George Hopkinson), to be dropped by <a href="/wiki/Paratrooper" title="Paratrooper">parachute</a> and <a href="/wiki/Military_glider" title="Military glider">glider</a> just prior to the <a href="/wiki/Amphibious_warfare" title="Amphibious warfare">amphibious landings</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolonyFlynnDaviesGleave19739,_26-61">[61]</a> The landings on Sicily on 10 July initially went well, with XIII Corps achieving all its first-day objectives but by 12 July progress slowed after the 5th Division encountered elements of the German <a href="/wiki/Hermann_G%C3%B6ring_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermann Göring Division">Hermann Göring Division</a>. Montgomery and Dempsey attempted to capture <a href="/wiki/Catania" title="Catania">Catania</a> using <a href="/wiki/Paratroops" class="mw-redirect" title="Paratroops">paratroops</a> and <a href="/wiki/Commandos_(United_Kingdom)" title="Commandos (United Kingdom)">commandos</a>. <a href="/wiki/Operation_Fustian" title="Operation Fustian">Operation Fustian</a> was only partially successful and Catania was not taken. Dempsey suggested an amphibious operation but this was rejected by Montgomery in favour of switching the main axis of the Eighth Army's advance inland to the west of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Etna" title="Mount Etna">Mount Etna</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201063–66-62">[62]</a> On 3 August Dempsey relieved Berney-Ficklin of his command. His performance had impressed neither Dempsey nor Montgomery and the latter was happy to replace him with another protégé, Major-General <a href="/wiki/Gerard_Bucknall" title="Gerard Bucknall">Gerard Bucknall</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMead200765-63">[63]</a> <a href="/wiki/Air_Vice_Marshal" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Vice Marshal">Air Vice Marshal</a> <a href="/wiki/Harry_Broadhurst" title="Harry Broadhurst">Harry Broadhurst</a> recalled an incident from the campaign:<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">"Bimbo" Dempsey, who'd then got XIII Corps, they were completely new ... they'd given a bomb line, asked for air support, close support, they were going to attack somewhere.<a href="#cite_note-67">[a]</a> And the Germans withdrew before we got there. So they advanced without bothering to tell us. And we attacked the place they said. And of course it was Dempsey's own troops. So Dempsey was stinkingly rude. Freddie [de Guingand] rang me up and said: "This is terrible, attacked our troops. I thought we had grown out of that. I said, "Well, I'll go into it." And of course Freddie signalled Montgomery. I went into it and found they'd advanced after they'd asked for air support and then forgotten to cancel it. So I rang Freddie up and said, "It's your lot this time, boy." Monty sent for Dempsey. I was there with him. And he lined Dempsey up and gave him the biggest strip I've ever seen a general get... made him apologise.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHamilton1983340–341-68">[67]</a></blockquote> On 13 August, towards the end of the campaign, the XIII Corps HQ was withdrawn to reserve to plan <a href="/wiki/Operation_Baytown" title="Operation Baytown">Operation Baytown</a>, the Eighth Army's part in the <a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Italy" title="Allied invasion of Italy">Allied invasion of Italy</a> across the <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Messina" title="Strait of Messina">Strait of Messina</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolonyFlynnDaviesGleave1973223-69">[68]</a> The 50th Division was earmarked to return to the UK and was replaced by the <a href="/wiki/1st_Canadian_Division" title="1st Canadian Division">1st Canadian Division</a> (Major-General <a href="/wiki/Guy_Simonds" title="Guy Simonds">Guy Simonds</a>), whom Dempsey considered a friend.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolonyFlynnDaviesGleave1973455-70">[69]</a> Although <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Cassibile" title="Armistice of Cassibile">surrender negotiations</a> with the Italians were in progress, intelligence on German and Italian dispositions was sketchy, so the possibility of strong opposition could not be ruled out.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201069–71-71">[70]</a> Dempsey insisted on an adequate number of <a href="/wiki/Landing_craft" title="Landing craft">landing craft</a> being provided to lift three brigades, along with their supplies, which delayed the operation until 3 September.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolonyFlynnDaviesGleave1973231–234-72">[71]</a> Although the XIII Corps landing was unopposed, and subsequent opposition was light, the Germans ensured his progress was slow by destroying bridges and culverts on the only routes through the harsh terrain. It took nearly two weeks to advance more than 300 mi (480 km) to the north to link up with the US <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_North" title="United States Army North">Fifth Army</a> landing at <a href="/wiki/Salerno" title="Salerno">Salerno</a> as part of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Avalanche" title="Operation Avalanche">Operation Avalanche</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201069–71-71">[70]</a> Allied forces then commenced to fight their way northward with the Fifth Army to the west and the Eighth Army to the east of the <a href="/wiki/Apennine_Mountains" title="Apennine Mountains">Apennine Mountains</a>. XIII Corps took part in the <a href="/wiki/Moro_River_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Moro River Campaign">Moro River Campaign</a> but the severe winter weather precluded further progress.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMead2007119-73">[72]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_Western_Europe">North Western Europe</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Miles_Dempsey&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: North Western Europe">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lieutenant_General_M_C_Dempsey,_Cb,_Dso,_Mc,_Commander_in_Chief,_British_Second_Army,_April_1944_TR1655.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Lieutenant_General_M_C_Dempsey%2C_Cb%2C_Dso%2C_Mc%2C_Commander_in_Chief%2C_British_Second_Army%2C_April_1944_TR1655.jpg/220px-Lieutenant_General_M_C_Dempsey%2C_Cb%2C_Dso%2C_Mc%2C_Commander_in_Chief%2C_British_Second_Army%2C_April_1944_TR1655.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Lieutenant_General_M_C_Dempsey%2C_Cb%2C_Dso%2C_Mc%2C_Commander_in_Chief%2C_British_Second_Army%2C_April_1944_TR1655.jpg/330px-Lieutenant_General_M_C_Dempsey%2C_Cb%2C_Dso%2C_Mc%2C_Commander_in_Chief%2C_British_Second_Army%2C_April_1944_TR1655.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Lieutenant_General_M_C_Dempsey%2C_Cb%2C_Dso%2C_Mc%2C_Commander_in_Chief%2C_British_Second_Army%2C_April_1944_TR1655.jpg/440px-Lieutenant_General_M_C_Dempsey%2C_Cb%2C_Dso%2C_Mc%2C_Commander_in_Chief%2C_British_Second_Army%2C_April_1944_TR1655.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a><figcaption>Dempsey at his desk in April 1944</figcaption></figure> In Sicily and Italy, Dempsey gained a reputation for his expertise in <a href="/wiki/Combined_operations" title="Combined operations">combined operations</a>. Montgomery, left Italy at the end of 1943 to take command of the <a href="/wiki/21st_Army_Group" title="21st Army Group">21st Army Group</a> for the forthcoming <a href="/wiki/Normandy_landings" title="Normandy landings">D-Day landings</a>, and he nominated Dempsey to command the <a href="/wiki/Second_Army_(United_Kingdom)" title="Second Army (United Kingdom)">Second Army</a>, the main British force involved.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMead2007117-40">[40]</a> Dempsey was not Montgomery's first choice for the assignment; he had recommended that Leese take over the Second Army and Dempsey be given the <a href="/wiki/First_Canadian_Army" title="First Canadian Army">First Canadian Army</a>. There was no chance that the Canadian government would accept a British officer, and the <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Imperial_General_Staff" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief of the Imperial General Staff">Chief of the Imperial General Staff</a> (CIGS), <a href="/wiki/Field_marshal_(United_Kingdom)" title="Field marshal (United Kingdom)">Field Marshal</a> Sir Alan Brooke, would not countenance it. Command of the First Canadian Army was given to Canadian Lieutenant-General <a href="/wiki/Harry_Crerar" title="Harry Crerar">Harry Crerar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDickson2007231-74">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuckley201334-75">[74]</a> Leese replaced Montgomery in command of the Eighth Army on Alexander's recommendation,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolonyFlynnDaviesGleave1973510-76">[75]</a> and Dempsey was given the Second Army on Montgomery's.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuckley201334-75">[74]</a> Montgomery believed that while Dempsey lacked Leese's ruthlessness and drive, he was cleverer and a better tactician.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201089-77">[76]</a> Dempsey established his Second Army headquarters at Ashley Gardens in London on 26 January 1944.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201081–84-78">[77]</a> With his chief of staff, Brigadier Maurice Chilton, who had been part of his syndicate at Camberley,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmart200561–62-79">[78]</a> and his naval and air counterparts, Rear Admiral Sir <a href="/wiki/Philip_Vian" title="Philip Vian">Philip Vian</a> and Broadhurst, Dempsey drew up the detailed plans for the assault on the British and Canadian beaches in Normandy. The Second Army made successful assaults at <a href="/wiki/Gold_Beach" title="Gold Beach">Gold</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juno_Beach" title="Juno Beach">Juno</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sword_Beach" title="Sword Beach">Sword</a> beaches on <a href="/wiki/D-Day" class="mw-redirect" title="D-Day">D-Day</a>, 6 June 1944.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201081–84-78">[77]</a> Dempsey came ashore that evening and established his tactical headquarters (Tac HQ) at <a href="/wiki/Banville,_Calvados" title="Banville, Calvados">Banville</a>. Like Montgomery, he lived at his Tac HQ, where he maintained a small staff with some <a href="/wiki/Aide-de-camp" title="Aide-de-camp">aides</a> and <a href="/wiki/Liaison_officer" title="Liaison officer">liaison officers</a>. It had caravans, radios and some vehicles, and could move at short notice. He had a staff car and an <a href="/wiki/Auster_Aircraft" title="Auster Aircraft">Auster</a> light aircraft, which he called his "whizzer", and used them to move about the battlefield. Main HQ moved to Normandy on 12 June and opened at <a href="/wiki/Creully" title="Creully">Creully</a>, where Montgomery had his 21st Army Group HQ. Although usually located further back than Tac HQ, it was still a field headquarters and did not require accommodation in buildings or fixed signal connections. It contained the operations, intelligence and air support branches.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201095–96-80">[79]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Visit_of_the_Prime_Minister,_Winston_Churchill_To_Caen,_Normandy,_22_July_1944_TR2045.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/The_Visit_of_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Winston_Churchill_To_Caen%2C_Normandy%2C_22_July_1944_TR2045.jpg/220px-The_Visit_of_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Winston_Churchill_To_Caen%2C_Normandy%2C_22_July_1944_TR2045.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/The_Visit_of_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Winston_Churchill_To_Caen%2C_Normandy%2C_22_July_1944_TR2045.jpg/330px-The_Visit_of_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Winston_Churchill_To_Caen%2C_Normandy%2C_22_July_1944_TR2045.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/The_Visit_of_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Winston_Churchill_To_Caen%2C_Normandy%2C_22_July_1944_TR2045.jpg/440px-The_Visit_of_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Winston_Churchill_To_Caen%2C_Normandy%2C_22_July_1944_TR2045.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="529" /></a><figcaption>Dempsey points out a section of the front to <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Guy_Simonds" title="Guy Simonds">Guy Simonds</a> (left) and Montgomery (right) look on.</figcaption></figure> Where possible, Main HQ was co-located with Broadhurst's <a href="/wiki/No._83_(Composite)_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="No. 83 (Composite) Group">No. 83 (Composite) Group</a> RAF and A Squadron of the <a href="/wiki/GHQ_Liaison_Regiment" title="GHQ Liaison Regiment">GHQ Liaison Regiment</a> (known as Phantom). Broadhurst was apprehensive when he found out that he would be Dempsey's opposite number, as their relationship in Italy had been strained, something Broadhurst attributed to Dempsey's inexperience as a corps commander. Broadhurst found that Dempsey had accepted that he had been wrong, and worked on forging the Army and RAF into a successful team. Dempsey seldom made a move without talking to Broadhurst, and the two gradually became friends.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTED'Este1994220-81">[80]</a> Main HQ was presided over by Chilton. Chilton and Dempsey would meet every day, usually at Tac HQ. Chilton later became Deputy <a href="/wiki/Adjutant_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Adjutant General">Adjutant General</a> at 21st Army Group HQ,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmart200561–62-79">[78]</a> and he was replaced as chief of staff by Brigadier <a href="/wiki/Harold_Pyman" title="Harold Pyman">Harold "Pete" Pyman</a> on 23 January 1945.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEllisWarhurst1968368-82">[81]</a> Rear HQ was normally situated 10 miles (16 km) or so further back and contained the rest of Second Army HQ. It was presided over by the <a href="/wiki/Quartermaster_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Quartermaster General">Quartermaster General</a>, Brigadier <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Hardy-Roberts" title="Geoffrey Hardy-Roberts">Geoffrey Hardy-Roberts</a>. In all, Second Army HQ had a strength of 189 officers and 970 other ranks.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201095–96-80">[79]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Battle_for_Caen" title="Battle for Caen">Battle for Caen</a> degenerated into a <a href="/wiki/Attrition_warfare" title="Attrition warfare">battle of attrition</a> during which the Anglo-Canadian forces were frustrated by determined German resistance. This fighting drew vital German units including the bulk of their armoured strength to the <a href="/wiki/Caen" title="Caen">Caen</a> sector, which facilitated <a href="/wiki/Operation_Cobra" title="Operation Cobra">Operation Cobra</a>, the breakout further west by Lieutenant General <a href="/wiki/Omar_Bradley" title="Omar Bradley">Omar Bradley</a>'s <a href="/wiki/First_United_States_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="First United States Army">U.S. First Army</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMead2007120-83">[82]</a> Dempsey convinced Montgomery to allow him to make an attempt at a breakthrough using three armoured divisions, assisted by heavy bombers dropping 7,000 long tons (7,100 t) of bombs. This was <a href="/wiki/Operation_Goodwood" title="Operation Goodwood">Operation Goodwood</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuckley201394–95-84">[83]</a> Launched on 18 July, it resulted in a costly 7-mile (11 km) advance. Goodwood increased the pressure on the German forces and inflicted heavy casualties on them. Montgomery succeeded in his principal aim of drawing away German reserves from Bradley's front, for by 25 July, when Operation Cobra delayed by weather from the 18 July actually commenced, the Germans had 600 tanks, including all the heavy battalions with <a href="/wiki/Tiger_I" title="Tiger I">Tiger I</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tiger_II" title="Tiger II">Tiger II</a> tanks, opposite the Second Army and just 100 facing the U.S. First Army. Dempsey argued after the war that Goodwood had succeeded in many of its strategic aims although there was no breakthrough. There were calls for Montgomery to be sacked, although this was never likely, but little criticism of Dempsey despite him being the architect and directly responsible for some of its tactical flaws.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuckley2013109–112-85">[84]</a> Dempsey's tactics were based on combat experience in the desert and Italy, but they were not always as applicable or as effective in Normandy. Doctrine called for armour and infantry to be employed in separate brigades, but in Normandy, closer cooperation between the two was required. <a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuckley200472–74-86">[85]</a> In the wake of Goodwood, the armoured divisions were reorganised, with infantry battalions and armoured regiments operating together in pairs. O'Connor had urged the adoption of <a href="/wiki/Armoured_personnel_carrier" title="Armoured personnel carrier">armoured personnel carriers</a> for the infantry, but Dempsey had not agreed to this.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuckley2013109–112-85">[84]</a> Dempsey's use of aerial bombardment and artillery to neutralise the German defences was a sound tactic, but the German forces were disposed in greater depth than had been encountered hitherto and the bombardment did not reach far enough. So too was the use of artillery to suppress the anti-tank defences, but it was less effective against the armoured <a href="/wiki/Self-propelled_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-propelled gun">self-propelled guns</a> that the Germans were now employing.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuckley201388–90-87">[86]</a> Montgomery took all the heat upon himself, and never tried to shift the blame onto Dempsey.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuckley2013109–112-85">[84]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HM_King_George_VI_With_the_British_Liberation_Army_in_Holland,_13_October_1944_TR2394.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/HM_King_George_VI_With_the_British_Liberation_Army_in_Holland%2C_13_October_1944_TR2394.jpg/220px-HM_King_George_VI_With_the_British_Liberation_Army_in_Holland%2C_13_October_1944_TR2394.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/HM_King_George_VI_With_the_British_Liberation_Army_in_Holland%2C_13_October_1944_TR2394.jpg/330px-HM_King_George_VI_With_the_British_Liberation_Army_in_Holland%2C_13_October_1944_TR2394.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/HM_King_George_VI_With_the_British_Liberation_Army_in_Holland%2C_13_October_1944_TR2394.jpg/440px-HM_King_George_VI_With_the_British_Liberation_Army_in_Holland%2C_13_October_1944_TR2394.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="530" /></a><figcaption>Dempsey (right) with <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Chilton" title="Maurice Chilton">Maurice Chilton</a> (left), King <a href="/wiki/George_VI" title="George VI">George VI</a> (second from left) and Montgomery.</figcaption></figure> On 2 August, Dempsey told Montgomery that he was fed up with Bucknall, the XXX Corps commander, and Major-General George Erskine, the commander of the <a href="/wiki/7th_Armoured_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="7th Armoured Division (United Kingdom)">7th Armoured Division</a>, and wanted to relieve them both. Relief of a corps commander is always a sensitive matter, and Bucknall had been appointed at Montgomery's request despite Brooke's reservations. Montgomery now had to admit to Brooke that he had made a mistake and that Bucknall was not fit to command a corps in mobile operations after all. Bucknall was replaced by Horrocks. Erskine was also replaced, in his case by Major-General <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Lloyd-Verney" title="Gerald Lloyd-Verney">Gerald Lloyd-Verney</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuckley2013158–160-88">[87]</a> This meant that three of the four British corps commanders in the 21st Army Group had commanded a corps before Dempsey had, but Horrocks (XXX Corps) and <a href="/wiki/John_Crocker" title="John Crocker">John Crocker</a> (<a href="/wiki/I_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="I Corps (United Kingdom)">I Corps</a>) had been wounded, O'Connor (<a href="/wiki/VIII_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="VIII Corps (United Kingdom)">VIII Corps</a>) had been a <a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war">prisoner of war</a>; the fourth, Ritchie (<a href="/wiki/XII_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="XII Corps (United Kingdom)">XII Corps</a>), had been commander of Eighth Army before being demoted after losing the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gazala" title="Battle of Gazala">Battle of Gazala</a> in June 1942.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuckley201335-89">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTED'Este199461–62-90">[89]</a> Horrocks wrote of Dempsey:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">He was shrewd, he never flapped, and consequently his second Army HQ was highly efficient and devoted to their Commander. I doubt whether anyone else could have worked so harmoniously and successfully with Montgomery as his immediate boss. The two were complementary: Montgomery the extrovert, who loved the headlines; Dempsey the introvert, who shunned publicity but got on with the job efficiently without any fuss.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHorrocksBelfieldEssame197718–19-91">[90]</a> </blockquote> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dempsey_is_invested_in_the_field.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Dempsey_is_invested_in_the_field.jpg/220px-Dempsey_is_invested_in_the_field.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Dempsey_is_invested_in_the_field.jpg/330px-Dempsey_is_invested_in_the_field.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Dempsey_is_invested_in_the_field.jpg/440px-Dempsey_is_invested_in_the_field.jpg 2x" data-file-width="923" data-file-height="824" /></a><figcaption>Dempsey is <a href="/wiki/Investiture" title="Investiture">invested</a> with his knighthood in the field by King <a href="/wiki/George_VI" title="George VI">George VI</a> while Montgomery looks on</figcaption></figure> The Second Army then made a rapid advance across northern France into <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, liberating <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a> on 3 September and <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a> the following day,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMead2007120-83">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuckley2013198–202-92">[91]</a> Dempsey's Tac HQ moved five times, covering 200 miles (320 km) in eleven days.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010130-93">[92]</a> Second Army took part in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Market_Garden" title="Operation Market Garden">Operation Market Garden</a>, the attempt to secure an early crossing of the <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a>. Dempsey believed that it was unlikely to succeed and openly questioned Montgomery.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuckley2013212-94">[93]</a> Dempsey suggested an alternative plan of crossing the <a href="/wiki/Meuse" title="Meuse">Maas</a> near <a href="/wiki/Venlo" title="Venlo">Venlo</a> and the Rhine at <a href="/wiki/Wesel" title="Wesel">Wesel</a>, 40 miles (64 km) closer to Bradley's American armies. According to Dempsey, Montgomery's mind was made up by a signal from London concerning the launching of German <a href="/wiki/V-2_rocket" title="V-2 rocket">V-2 rockets</a> against London from sites in the Netherlands. Montgomery's arguments were rooted in <a href="/wiki/Military_strategy" title="Military strategy">military strategy</a>, which was his responsibility, whereas Dempsey's were based in the <a href="/wiki/Operational_level_of_war" title="Operational level of war">operational level of war</a>, which was his. And too, Montgomery was difficult to argue with because he always employed well-reasoned military logic, and would not be swayed by anything but the same. Dempsey did convince Montgomery to enlarge the operation so that while Horrocks's XXX Corps would just be the spearhead, it would be accompanied by Ritchie's XII Corps on the left and O'Connor's VIII Corps on the right, and employ three airborne divisions instead of just one.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010134–137-95">[94]</a> Market-Garden commenced on 17 September. Airborne troops secured a succession of canal and river crossings to enable XXX Corps to reach the <a href="/wiki/Nederrijn" title="Nederrijn">Nederrijn</a> at <a href="/wiki/Arnhem" title="Arnhem">Arnhem</a> and advance into Germany.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuckley2013217–221-96">[95]</a> Intelligence had not detected the presence of unexpected German formations in the area and resistance proved greater than expected, frustrating XXX Corps' attempts to reach its final objective. During the operation, Dempsey, forward near the front with his Tac HQ, witnessed the assault crossing of the <a href="/wiki/Waal_(river)" title="Waal (river)">Waal</a> by the <a href="/wiki/82nd_Airborne_Division" title="82nd Airborne Division">U.S. 82nd Airborne Division</a>'s <a href="/wiki/504th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="504th Infantry Regiment (United States)">504th Parachute Regiment</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010141–142-97">[96]</a> He later wrote that the 82nd was "easily the best division on the <a href="/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Western Front (World War II)">Western front</a>".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010143-98">[97]</a> Dempsey met with the 82nd's commander, <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_general_(United_States)" title="Brigadier general (United States)">Brigadier General</a> <a href="/wiki/James_M._Gavin" title="James M. Gavin">James M. Gavin</a>, shook him by the hand and said "I am proud to meet the commander of the greatest division in the world today."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010141-99">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEnglish200984-100">[99]</a> Dempsey also impressed the American paratroopers with his demeanour. When a paratrooper told him that all the leaders of his squad were dead, Dempsey replied: "You're in charge."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010142-101">[100]</a> When it became clear that the operation no longer had any chance of success, Dempsey and Horrocks agreed to terminate it and withdraw the 1st Airborne Division from the north bank of the Nederrijn.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010142–143-102">[101]</a> On 15 October, during a visit to the Second Army, King <a href="/wiki/George_VI" title="George VI">George VI</a> <a href="/wiki/Investiture" title="Investiture">invested</a> Dempsey in the field with his award of the <a href="/wiki/Knight_Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_Bath" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath">Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath</a>,<a href="#cite_note-103">[102]</a> which had been gazetted on 27 June.<a href="#cite_note-KCB-1">[1]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:General_Dempsey_crossing_the_Rhine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/General_Dempsey_crossing_the_Rhine.jpg/220px-General_Dempsey_crossing_the_Rhine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/General_Dempsey_crossing_the_Rhine.jpg/330px-General_Dempsey_crossing_the_Rhine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/General_Dempsey_crossing_the_Rhine.jpg/440px-General_Dempsey_crossing_the_Rhine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="511" /></a><figcaption>Crossing the <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a> in March 1945.</figcaption></figure> The Second Army, with XII and XXX Corps in the vanguard and Simonds's <a href="/wiki/II_Canadian_Corps" title="II Canadian Corps">II Canadian Corps</a> under command, and VIII Corps in reserve, eventually <a href="/wiki/Operation_Plunder" title="Operation Plunder">crossed the Rhine</a> on 23 March 1945.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMead2007120–121-104">[103]</a> Dempsey was the first British commander to do so. The operation was a great success, with one historian writing: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">Within a week of the crossing, Dempsey had advanced forty miles with eight infantry, four armoured, and two airborne divisions, plus four independent armoured brigades. Because of meticulous planning and the application of overwhelming air and artillery firepower, the Second Army's 3,174 casualties between 24 and 31 March were relatively light. Airborne losses of 2,888 over the first three days were comparatively heavier, though perhaps not overly so given Plunder's scope. All things considered, Plunder was an exciting victory and one that Dempsey, who had fought all the way from the dark days of Dunkirk, must personally have relished.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEnglish200989-105">[104]</a></blockquote> On 7 April, <a href="/wiki/The_Illustrated_London_News" title="The Illustrated London News">The Illustrated London News</a> carried a full front page of a specially commissioned portrait painting of Dempsey by artist <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Pan" title="Arthur Pan">Arthur Pan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-106">[105]</a> In May, Dempsey's men captured <a href="/wiki/Bremen_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bremen (city)">Bremen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kiel" title="Kiel">Kiel</a>. On 3 May, a delegation of senior German officers led by <a href="/wiki/Generaladmiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Generaladmiral">Generaladmiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Hans-Georg_von_Friedeburg" title="Hans-Georg von Friedeburg">Hans-Georg von Friedeburg</a> arrived at Dempsey's Tac HQ and after questioning it appeared that Friedeburg was a representative of <a href="/wiki/Generalfeldmarschall" title="Generalfeldmarschall">Generalfeldmarschall</a> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Keitel" title="Wilhelm Keitel">Wilhelm Keitel</a>, who wished to surrender to Montgomery. Dempsey sent them to Montgomery, which led to the <a href="/wiki/German_surrender_at_L%C3%BCneburg_Heath" title="German surrender at Lüneburg Heath">German surrender at Lüneburg Heath</a> the next day. In the meantime, Dempsey negotiated the surrender of the <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a> garrison with <a href="/wiki/Generalmajor" title="Generalmajor">Generalmajor</a> <a href="/wiki/Alwin_Wolz" title="Alwin Wolz">Alwin Wolz</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010157–158-107">[106]</a> For his services in north west Europe, Dempsey was mentioned in despatches twice more,<a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[108]</a> and he was made a <a href="/wiki/Knight_Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire">Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire</a> in July.<a href="#cite_note-KBE-110">[109]</a> The United States awarded him its <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Service_Medal_(U.S._Army)" title="Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)">Army Distinguished Service Medal</a>,<a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a> and made him a <a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Merit" title="Legion of Merit">Commander of the Legion of Merit</a>.<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a> The Belgian government awarded him its <a href="/wiki/Croix_de_guerre_(Belgium)" title="Croix de guerre (Belgium)">Croix de guerre with Palm</a> and made him a <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Leopold_(Belgium)" title="Order of Leopold (Belgium)">Grand Officer of the Order of Leopold with Palm</a>,<a href="#cite_note-113">[112]</a> and the Netherlands government made him a <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Orange-Nassau" title="Order of Orange-Nassau">Knight Grand Officer of the Order of Orange-Nassau with Swords</a>.<a href="#cite_note-114">[113]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Far_East">Far East</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Miles_Dempsey&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Far East">edit</a>]</div> After the end of World War II in Europe, Dempsey had been nominated to become the commander in chief of British Troops in Austria, but this was abruptly cancelled.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010164-115">[114]</a> On 4 July 1945, Dempsey was summoned to a meeting with Brooke, who informed Dempsey that he was appointed to the command of the <a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Army_(United_Kingdom)" title="Fourteenth Army (United Kingdom)">Fourteenth Army</a> in the Far East. Brooke was disappointed with Dempsey's attitude, noting in his diary that Dempsey was "suffering from a swollen head, and I took some pains to deflate it!"<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrooke2003702-116">[115]</a> The appointment had come about because Leese, as Commander-in-Chief, <a href="/wiki/Allied_Land_Forces_South_East_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Allied Land Forces South East Asia">Allied Land Forces South East Asia</a> (ALSEA), had unwisely attempted to side-line Lieutenant-General Sir <a href="/wiki/William_Slim" class="mw-redirect" title="William Slim">William Slim</a>, the victorious Fourteenth Army commander, resulting in Leese's removal and replacement by Slim.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMead2007245–246-117">[116]</a> Dempsey assumed command of the Fourteenth Army on 10 August.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKirby2004235-118">[117]</a> The war ended soon after, and the Fourteenth Army re-occupied <a href="/wiki/British_Malaya" title="British Malaya">British Malaya</a>. <a href="/wiki/Operation_Zipper" title="Operation Zipper">Operation Zipper</a>, the planned amphibious landing, was carried out anyway. Dempsey was extremely critical of its poor planning, which he believed would have led to disaster under wartime conditions. Within <a href="/wiki/South_East_Asia_Command" title="South East Asia Command">South East Asia Command</a> there were 122,700 British Commonwealth and Dutch prisoners of war and 733,000 Japanese soldiers. Dempsey was in charge of their repatriation. He also had to deal with the <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_War_of_Independence" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian War of Independence">Indonesian War of Independence</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010166–167-119">[118]</a> The Fourteenth Army ceased to exist on 1 November, and part of its headquarters was used to form that of <a href="/wiki/Malaya_Command" title="Malaya Command">Malaya Command</a>, with Dempsey in command and his headquarters at <a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a>. On 8 November he handed over to Lieutenant-General Sir <a href="/wiki/Frank_Messervy" title="Frank Messervy">Frank Messervy</a>, and replaced Slim, who returned to the UK, as Commander-in-Chief of ALSEA.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKirby2004276-120">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-war_career">Post-war career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Miles_Dempsey&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Post-war career">edit</a>]</div> On 19 April 1946, Dempsey was appointed Commander-in-Chief, <a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Command" title="Middle East Command">Middle East</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKirby2004348-121">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[121]</a> Initially, his main concern was the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</a>. This abated after the end of 1946, allowing British troops to be withdrawn and the commitment handed over to the Americans.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010173–176-123">[122]</a> The other major concern was the <a href="/wiki/Palestine_Emergency" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestine Emergency">Palestine Emergency</a>. The British Army became involved in a full-scale <a href="/wiki/Counterinsurgency" title="Counterinsurgency">counterinsurgency</a>. Dempsey advised Montgomery, who was now the CIGS, that if the government was not willing to commit the resources required, then it should contemplate withdrawal from <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">Mandatory Palestine</a>. The experience left Dempsey with a distaste for the role of senior officer in peacetime.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010176–179-124">[123]</a> He was made acting general in June 1946,<a href="#cite_note-125">[124]</a> which was made permanent on 14 October.<a href="#cite_note-126">[125]</a> He was also appointed to the ceremonial post of <a href="/wiki/Aide-de-camp_general" title="Aide-de-camp general">aide-de-camp general</a> to the King.<a href="#cite_note-127">[126]</a> Nonetheless, he told <a href="/wiki/Lord_Mountbatten" title="Lord Mountbatten">Lord Mountbatten</a> that he regarded command of the Second Army as being the pinnacle of his career. Although Montgomery wanted Dempsey to succeed him as CIGS, Dempsey elected to retire instead.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010181–183-128">[127]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_D-Day_windows_on_the_west_wall_at_Christ_Church,_Portsdown_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1164770.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/The_D-Day_windows_on_the_west_wall_at_Christ_Church%2C_Portsdown_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1164770.jpg/220px-The_D-Day_windows_on_the_west_wall_at_Christ_Church%2C_Portsdown_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1164770.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/The_D-Day_windows_on_the_west_wall_at_Christ_Church%2C_Portsdown_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1164770.jpg/330px-The_D-Day_windows_on_the_west_wall_at_Christ_Church%2C_Portsdown_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1164770.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/The_D-Day_windows_on_the_west_wall_at_Christ_Church%2C_Portsdown_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1164770.jpg/440px-The_D-Day_windows_on_the_west_wall_at_Christ_Church%2C_Portsdown_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1164770.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>The D-Day windows on the west wall at Christ Church, <a href="/wiki/Portsdown_Hill" title="Portsdown Hill">Portsdown</a>. On Sunday 4 June 1944, Dempsey organised an "Eve of Battle" service here for the troops assembled for the Normandy Landings. In 1948 he returned to dedicate these two windows; and subsequently, returned on the Sunday nearest to this date every year until his death.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010200-129">[128]</a> </figcaption></figure> Dempsey retired from the Army in August 1947.<a href="#cite_note-130">[129]</a> In 1950, he was appointed <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief,_Home_Forces" title="Commander-in-Chief, Home Forces">Commander-in-Chief, Home Forces</a>. This was a "shadow" appointment, one that would only become active in the event of another major war.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010181–183-128">[127]</a> He relinquished it in 1956. <a href="#cite_note-131">[130]</a> He was advanced to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire in the <a href="/wiki/1956_New_Year_Honours" title="1956 New Year Honours">1956 New Year Honours</a>.<a href="#cite_note-GBE-132">[131]</a> He was Colonel of the Royal Berkshire Regiment from 1946 to 1956,<a href="#cite_note-133">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a> and held the ceremonial posts of <a href="/wiki/Colonel_Commandant" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonel Commandant">Colonel Commandant</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_Police" title="Royal Military Police">Royal Military Police</a>, from 1947 to 1957,<a href="#cite_note-135">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[135]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">Special Air Service</a> (SAS) from 1951 to 1960.<a href="#cite_note-137">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[137]</a> He was also <a href="/wiki/Colonel_(United_Kingdom)#Honorary_Colonel" title="Colonel (United Kingdom)">Honorary Colonel</a> of the Territorial Army's 21st SAS Regiment (<a href="/wiki/Artists_Rifles" title="Artists Rifles">Artists Rifles</a>) from 1948 to 1951.<a href="#cite_note-139">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[139]</a> There were proposals to disband the SAS, and to absorb it into other organisations like the <a href="/wiki/Parachute_Regiment_(United_Kingdom)" title="Parachute Regiment (United Kingdom)">Parachute Regiment</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Army_Air_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="Army Air Corps (United Kingdom)">Army Air Corps</a>. Montgomery managed to have the Parachute Regiment made a permanent part of the Army, but it was Dempsey's lobbying that achieved the same status for the SAS in May 1950.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECaddick-Adams200571-141">[140]</a> In 1948, Dempsey married Viola O'Reilly, the youngest daughter of Captain <a href="/wiki/Percy_O%27Reilly" title="Percy O'Reilly">Percy O'Reilly</a> of Colamber <a href="/wiki/County_Westmeath" title="County Westmeath">County Westmeath</a> in Ireland,<a href="#cite_note-odnb-2">[2]</a> whom he called "Tuppeny". The two met when Dempsey paid a visit to the stables of the King's racehorse trainer, <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Boyd-Rochfort" title="Cecil Boyd-Rochfort">Cecil Boyd-Rochfort</a>, where she was working. They shared a mutual love of horses. His marriage surprised many of his friends and relatives, as he had been a long-time bachelor, and the bride was <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> while Dempsey was <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>. He would sometimes join her for religious services in her own church. They decided to settle in <a href="/wiki/Berkshire" title="Berkshire">Berkshire</a>, the home of his old regiment, and conveniently close to <a href="/wiki/Horse_racing" title="Horse racing">horse racing</a> venues. They moved to the Old Vicarage at <a href="/wiki/Greenham" title="Greenham">Greenham</a>, and then to Coombe House in <a href="/wiki/Yattendon" title="Yattendon">Yattendon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron20101–2,_194–195-142">[141]</a> He was commissioned as a Deputy <a href="/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Lieutenant">Lord Lieutenant</a> in the county of Berkshire in 1950.<a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a> Dempsey was Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/The_Tote" title="The Tote">Racecourse Betting Control Board</a> from 1947 to 1951, and he bred and raced his own horses. He was chairman of <a href="/wiki/H_%26_G_Simonds_Ltd" title="H & G Simonds Ltd">H&G Simonds</a> from 1953 to 1963, and of <a href="/wiki/Greene_King" title="Greene King">Greene King and Sons</a> from 1955 to 1967, and the first non-family chairman and Deputy Chairman of <a href="/wiki/Courage_Brewery" title="Courage Brewery">Courage, Barclay, Simonds & Co</a> from 1961 to 1966.<a href="#cite_note-odnb-2">[2]</a> He declined to write any memoirs about his military experiences, and ordered that his diaries be burned.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHamilton1983697-144">[143]</a> However, some of his diaries and letters have survived, and are in the <a href="/wiki/The_National_Archives_(United_Kingdom)" title="The National Archives (United Kingdom)">National Archives</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Liddell_Hart_Centre_for_Military_Archives" title="Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives">Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives</a>.<a href="#cite_note-145">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a> His engagement diary for the first half of 1944 sold at auction in 2014 for £1,125.<a href="#cite_note-147">[146]</a> He oversaw the July 1947 publication of An Account of the Operations of Second Army in Europe 1944–1945, for which he wrote the foreword and Pyman edited,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECaddick-Adams200571-141">[140]</a> but only 48 copies were printed; one sold at auction for £8,750 in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-148">[147]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Miles_Dempsey&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Death">edit</a>]</div> During a visit to his nephew Michael in Kenya, Dempsey felt a pain in his back. When he returned to England it was diagnosed as cancer.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010200-129">[128]</a> He died at his home in Yattendon soon afterwards, on 5 June 1969.<a href="#cite_note-odnb-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-obit-149">[148]</a> "Bimbo died", author and historian <a href="/wiki/Peter_Caddick-Adams" title="Peter Caddick-Adams">Peter Caddick-Adams</a> wrote, "the way he had lived his life, in relative obscurity."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECaddick-Adams200572-150">[149]</a> He was buried in the churchyard at Yattendon. A memorial service was held at the <a href="/wiki/Farm_Street_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Farm Street Church">Farm Street Church</a>, which was attended by Montgomery and Mountbatten.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010200-129">[128]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reputation">Reputation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Miles_Dempsey&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Reputation">edit</a>]</div> Although modest and unassuming, Dempsey was considered to be a highly competent officer. He asserted effective control over the Second Army without taking the limelight. He was described thus by military historian <a href="/wiki/Carlo_D%27Este" title="Carlo D'Este">Carlo D'Este</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">A career infantryman, Dempsey was an ardent student of military history and during the interwar period had frequently visited Europe to study its battlefields firsthand [<a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a>]. Blessed with an active and incisive mind, a phenomenal memory and a unique skill in reading maps, Dempsey would soon leave his army staff in awe over his ability to remember everything he saw on a map, to bring a landscape literally to life in his mind even though he had never actually seen it. This talent proved particularly important during the crucial battles around Caen in June and July 1944. Dempsey was considered the Eighth Army's best expert in combined operations and, as he grew in experience, Montgomery soon recognized his potential for army command. The two men shared many qualities, including a disdain for paperwork and a determination, based on their First World War experiences, never to waste their soldiers' lives.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTED'Este199460-64">[64]</a> </blockquote> Horrocks wrote that <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">He has remained a shadowy figure and a general almost completely unknown to the general public. This was primarily due to the fact that he loathed any type of publicity. It was also partly owing to the size of Second Army, which never therefore captured the imagination of the public as the smaller Eighth Army had.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron201096-151">[150]</a> </blockquote> Dempsey is remembered in Singapore by the naming of Dempsey Road and Dempsey Hill, both in the <a href="/wiki/Tanglin" title="Tanglin">Tanglin</a> area at the former site of Tanglin Barracks. The former British garrison buildings have been converted to civilian use as shops, cafes and restaurants.<a href="#cite_note-152">[151]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Miles_Dempsey&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Footnotes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> Questions about the origin of this nickname always made him blush.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTED'Este199460-64">[64]</a> He used it in correspondence with close friends and those he considered equals, like O'Connor.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010166-65">[65]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Peter_Caddick-Adams" title="Peter Caddick-Adams">Peter Caddick-Adams</a>, it was the name of his horse at the staff college.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECaddick-Adams202253-66">[66]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Miles_Dempsey&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-KCB-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KCB_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-KCB_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGazette36586" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/36586/page/3069">"No. 36586"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a>. 27 June 1944. p. 3069.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+36586&rft.pages=3069&rft.date=1944-06-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F36586%2Fpage%2F3069&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-odnb-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-odnb_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-odnb_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-odnb_2-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-odnb_2-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrawson2011" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Strawson" title="John Strawson">Strawson, John</a> (6 January 2011). "Dempsey, Sir Miles Christopher". <a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F32780">10.1093/ref:odnb/32780</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dempsey%2C+Sir+Miles+Christopher&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2011-01-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F32780&rft.aulast=Strawson&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"> (Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.) </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron20101-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERostron20101_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERostron20101_3-1">b</a> <a 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href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERostron20104–5_8-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFRostron2010">Rostron 2010</a>, pp. 4–5. </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette29292" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/29292/supplement/9066">"No. 29292"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a> (Supplement). 10 September 1915. p. 9066.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+29292&rft.pages=9066&rft.date=1915-09-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F29292%2Fsupplement%2F9066&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link 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href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/37781/supplement/5461">"No. 37781"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a> (Supplement). 5 November 1946. p. 5461.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+37781&rft.pages=5461&rft.date=1946-11-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F37781%2Fsupplement%2F5461&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010181–183-128">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERostron2010181–183_128-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERostron2010181–183_128-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFRostron2010">Rostron 2010</a>, pp. 181–183. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERostron2010200-129">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERostron2010200_129-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERostron2010200_129-1">b</a> <a 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href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/40669/supplement/6">"No. 40669"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a> (Supplement). 30 December 1955. p. 6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+40669&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1955-12-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F40669%2Fsupplement%2F6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette37823" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/37823/supplement/6169">"No. 37823"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a> (Supplement). 17 December 1946. 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Phoenix Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84212-526-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-84212-526-5"><bdi>1-84212-526-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/878566014">878566014</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=War+Diaries+1939%E2%80%931945&rft.pub=Phoenix+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F878566014&rft.isbn=1-84212-526-5&rft.aulast=Brooke&rft.aufirst=Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuckley2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Buckley_(historian)" title="John Buckley (historian)">Buckley, John</a> (2004). British Armour in the Normandy Campaign. London: Frank Cass. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7146-5323-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7146-5323-5"><bdi>978-0-7146-5323-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/54096722">54096722</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Armour+in+the+Normandy+Campaign&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Frank+Cass&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F54096722&rft.isbn=978-0-7146-5323-5&rft.aulast=Buckley&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuckley2013" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Buckley_(historian)" title="John Buckley (historian)">Buckley, John</a> (2013). Monty's Men: The British Army and the Liberation of Europe. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-13449-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-13449-0"><bdi>978-0-300-13449-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/840803701">840803701</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Monty%27s+Men%3A+The+British+Army+and+the+Liberation+of+Europe&rft.place=New+Haven%2C+Connecticut&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F840803701&rft.isbn=978-0-300-13449-0&rft.aulast=Buckley&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaddick-Adams2005" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Caddick-Adams" title="Peter Caddick-Adams">Caddick-Adams, Peter</a> (October 2005). "General Sir Miles Christopher Dempsey (1896-1969): 'Not a Popular Leader'". RUSI Journal. 150 (5): 66–72. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F03071840509431887">10.1080/03071840509431887</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1847">0307-1847</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154139029">154139029</a> – via ProQuest One Academic.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RUSI+Journal&rft.atitle=General+Sir+Miles+Christopher+Dempsey+%281896-1969%29%3A+%27Not+a+Popular+Leader%27&rft.volume=150&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=66-72&rft.date=2005-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A154139029%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0307-1847&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F03071840509431887&rft.aulast=Caddick-Adams&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaddick-Adams2022" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Caddick-Adams" title="Peter Caddick-Adams">Caddick-Adams, Peter</a> (2022). Fire and Steel: The End of World War Two in the West. New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-060186-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-060186-7"><bdi>978-0-19-060186-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1198018961">1198018961</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fire+and+Steel%3A+The+End+of+World+War+Two+in+the+West&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2022&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1198018961&rft.isbn=978-0-19-060186-7&rft.aulast=Caddick-Adams&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFD'Este1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Carlo_D%27Este" title="Carlo D'Este">D'Este, Carlo</a> (1994) [1983]. Decision in Normandy: The Real Story of Montgomery and the Allied Campaign. New York: Harper Collins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-097312-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-097312-4"><bdi>978-0-06-097312-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/222996409">222996409</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Decision+in+Normandy%3A+The+Real+Story+of+Montgomery+and+the+Allied+Campaign&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Harper+Collins&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F222996409&rft.isbn=978-0-06-097312-4&rft.aulast=D%27Este&rft.aufirst=Carlo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDickson2007" class="citation book cs1">Dickson, Paul Douglas (2007). A Thoroughly Canadian General: A Biography of General H.D.G. Crerar. University of Toronto Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-0802-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-0802-2"><bdi>978-0-8020-0802-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/237208933">237208933</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Thoroughly+Canadian+General%3A+A+Biography+of+General+H.D.G.+Crerar&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F237208933&rft.isbn=978-0-8020-0802-2&rft.aulast=Dickson&rft.aufirst=Paul+Douglas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdmonds1987" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Edward_Edmonds" title="James Edward Edmonds">Edmonds, James</a> (1987). The Occupation of the Rhineland, 1918–1929. <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Great_War" title="History of the Great War">History of the Great War</a>. London: HMSO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-11-290454-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-11-290454-0"><bdi>978-0-11-290454-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/17014117">17014117</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Occupation+of+the+Rhineland%2C+1918%E2%80%931929&rft.place=London&rft.series=History+of+the+Great+War&rft.pub=HMSO&rft.date=1987&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F17014117&rft.isbn=978-0-11-290454-0&rft.aulast=Edmonds&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllisWarhurst1968" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Ellis" title="Lionel Ellis">Ellis, L. F.</a>; Warhurst, A. E. (1968). Victory in the West. <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Second_World_War" title="History of the Second World War">History of the Second World War</a>. Vol. II: The Defeat of Germany. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/758329926">758329926</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Victory+in+the+West&rft.place=London&rft.series=History+of+the+Second+World+War&rft.pub=Her+Majesty%27s+Stationery+Office&rft.date=1968&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F758329926&rft.aulast=Ellis&rft.aufirst=L.+F.&rft.au=Warhurst%2C+A.+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEnglish2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_A._English" title="John A. English">English, John</a> (2009). Patton's Peers: The Forgotten Allied Field Army Commanders of the Western Front, 1944–45. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8117-0501-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8117-0501-1"><bdi>978-0-8117-0501-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/244567150">244567150</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Patton%27s+Peers%3A+The+Forgotten+Allied+Field+Army+Commanders+of+the+Western+Front%2C+1944%E2%80%9345&rft.place=Mechanicsburg%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.pub=Stackpole+Books&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F244567150&rft.isbn=978-0-8117-0501-1&rft.aulast=English&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Guingand1947" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Freddie_de_Guingand" title="Freddie de Guingand">De Guingand, Francis</a> (1947). Operation Victory. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/503437701">503437701</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Operation+Victory&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Charles+Scribner%27s+Sons&rft.date=1947&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F503437701&rft.aulast=De+Guingand&rft.aufirst=Francis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamilton1983" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Hamilton_(author)" title="Nigel Hamilton (author)">Hamilton, Nigel</a> (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/masterofbattlefi00hami">Master of the Battlefield Monty's War Years 1942–1944</a>. New York: McGraw-Hill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-07-025806-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-07-025806-6"><bdi>0-07-025806-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/968675605">968675605</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Master+of+the+Battlefield+Monty%27s+War+Years+1942%E2%80%931944&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F968675605&rft.isbn=0-07-025806-6&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Nigel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmasterofbattlefi00hami&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHorrocksBelfieldEssame1977" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Horrocks" title="Brian Horrocks">Horrocks, Brian</a>; Belfield, Eversley; <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Essame" title="Hubert Essame">Essame, Hubert</a> (1977). Corps Commander. London: Sidgwick & Jackson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-283-98320-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-283-98320-7"><bdi>978-0-283-98320-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/470787426">470787426</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Corps+Commander&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Sidgwick+%26+Jackson&rft.date=1977&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F470787426&rft.isbn=978-0-283-98320-7&rft.aulast=Horrocks&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.au=Belfield%2C+Eversley&rft.au=Essame%2C+Hubert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKirby2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kirby" title="Stanley Kirby">Kirby, S. Woodburn</a> (2004) [1969]. The Surrender. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series, The War Against Japan. Vol. V. London: Naval & Military Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84574-064-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84574-064-1"><bdi>978-1-84574-064-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/613398905">613398905</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Surrender&rft.place=London&rft.series=History+of+the+Second+World+War%2C+United+Kingdom+Military+Series%2C+The+War+Against+Japan&rft.pub=Naval+%26+Military+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F613398905&rft.isbn=978-1-84574-064-1&rft.aulast=Kirby&rft.aufirst=S.+Woodburn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthews1903" class="citation book cs1">Matthews, Thomas (1903). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/accountodempsey00mathgoog">Account of the O'Dempseys, Chiefs of Clan Maliere: Chiefs of Clan Maliere</a>. Dublin: Hodges, Figgis and Co. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/983264272">983264272</a>. Retrieved 5 August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Account+of+the+O%27Dempseys%2C+Chiefs+of+Clan+Maliere%3A+Chiefs+of+Clan+Maliere&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pub=Hodges%2C+Figgis+and+Co&rft.date=1903&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F983264272&rft.aulast=Matthews&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Faccountodempsey00mathgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMead2007" class="citation book cs1">Mead, Richard (2007). Churchill's Lions. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Spellmount. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86227-431-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86227-431-0"><bdi>978-1-86227-431-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/237023268">237023268</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Churchill%27s+Lions&rft.place=Stroud%2C+Gloucestershire&rft.pub=Spellmount&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F237023268&rft.isbn=978-1-86227-431-0&rft.aulast=Mead&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMolonyFlynnDaviesGleave1973" class="citation book cs1">Molony, C. J. C.; Flynn, F. C.; Davies, H. L.; Gleave, T. P. (1973). The Mediterranean and Middle East: The Campaign in Sicily 1943 and The Campaign in Italy 3rd September 1943 to 31st March 1944. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Vol. V. London: HMSO. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/464447867">464447867</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mediterranean+and+Middle+East%3A+The+Campaign+in+Sicily+1943+and+The+Campaign+in+Italy+3rd+September+1943+to+31st+March+1944&rft.place=London&rft.series=History+of+the+Second+World+War%2C+United+Kingdom+Military+Series&rft.pub=HMSO&rft.date=1973&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F464447867&rft.aulast=Molony&rft.aufirst=C.+J.+C.&rft.au=Flynn%2C+F.+C.&rft.au=Davies%2C+H.+L.&rft.au=Gleave%2C+T.+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMontgomery1958" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Montgomery" title="Bernard Montgomery">Montgomery, Bernard L.</a> (1958). The Memoirs of Field-Marshal the Viscount Montgomery of Alamein. London: Collins. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1059556308">1059556308</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Memoirs+of+Field-Marshal+the+Viscount+Montgomery+of+Alamein&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Collins&rft.date=1958&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1059556308&rft.aulast=Montgomery&rft.aufirst=Bernard+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRostron2010" class="citation book cs1">Rostron, Peter (2010). The Military Life and Times of General Sir Miles Dempsey, GBE KCB DSO MC: Monty's Army Commander. South Yorkshire: Pen & Sword Military. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84468-488-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84468-488-5"><bdi>978-1-84468-488-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/762342436">762342436</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Military+Life+and+Times+of+General+Sir+Miles+Dempsey%2C+GBE+KCB+DSO+MC%3A+Monty%27s+Army+Commander&rft.place=South+Yorkshire&rft.pub=Pen+%26+Sword+Military&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F762342436&rft.isbn=978-1-84468-488-5&rft.aulast=Rostron&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmart2005" class="citation book cs1">Smart, Nick (2005). Biographical Dictionary of British Generals of the Second World War. Barnsley: Pen & Sword. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84415-049-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84415-049-6"><bdi>978-1-84415-049-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/58555546">58555546</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biographical+Dictionary+of+British+Generals+of+the+Second+World+War&rft.place=Barnsley&rft.pub=Pen+%26+Sword&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F58555546&rft.isbn=978-1-84415-049-6&rft.aulast=Smart&rft.aufirst=Nick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWyrall1921a" class="citation book cs1">Wyrall, Everard (1921a). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofsecondd01wyra">The History of the Second Division, 1914–1918</a>. Vol. I. London: Thomas Nelson and Sons. Retrieved 5 August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+the+Second+Division%2C+1914%E2%80%931918&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Thomas+Nelson+and+Sons&rft.date=1921&rft.aulast=Wyrall&rft.aufirst=Everard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofsecondd01wyra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWyrall1921b" class="citation book cs1">Wyrall, Everard (1921b). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofsecondd02wyra">The History of the Second Division, 1914–1918</a>. Vol. II. London: Thomas Nelson and Sons. Retrieved 5 August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+the+Second+Division%2C+1914%E2%80%931918&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Thomas+Nelson+and+Sons&rft.date=1921&rft.aulast=Wyrall&rft.aufirst=Everard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofsecondd02wyra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiles+Dempsey" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Miles_Dempsey&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 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plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Miles_Dempsey" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Miles Dempsey">Miles Dempsey</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unithistories.com/officers/Army_officers_D02.html#Dempsey_MC">British Army Officers 1939–1945</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.generals.dk/general/Dempsey/Miles_Christopher/Great_Britain.html">Generals of World War II</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #CF9C65;">Military offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Wimberley" title="Douglas Wimberley">Douglas Wimberley</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/46th_Infantry_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="46th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)">GOC 46th Infantry Division</a> June–October 1941 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Freeman-Attwood" title="Harold Freeman-Attwood">Harold Freeman-Attwood</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Miles" title="Eric Miles">Eric Miles</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/42nd_(East_Lancashire)_Infantry_Division" title="42nd (East Lancashire) Infantry Division">GOC 42nd (East Lancashire) Infantry Division</a> October–November 1941 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;">Post redesignated 42nd Armoured Division </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">New command </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/42nd_Armoured_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="42nd Armoured Division (United Kingdom)">GOC 42nd Armoured Division</a> 1941–1942 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Aldam_Aizlewood" title="John Aldam Aizlewood">John Aizlewood</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Horrocks" title="Brian Horrocks">Brian Horrocks</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/XIII_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="XIII Corps (United Kingdom)">GOC XIII Corps</a> 1942–1943 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Kirkman" title="Sidney Kirkman">Sidney Kirkman</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Anderson_(British_Army_officer)" title="Kenneth Anderson (British Army officer)">Sir Kenneth Anderson</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Second_Army_(United_Kingdom)" title="Second Army (United Kingdom)">GOC Second Army</a> 1944–1945 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">Post disbanded </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_Slim,_1st_Viscount_Slim" title="William Slim, 1st Viscount Slim">Sir William Slim</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Army_(United_Kingdom)" title="Fourteenth Army (United Kingdom)">GOC Fourteenth Army</a> July–November 1945 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">New command </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Malaya_Command" title="Malaya Command">GOC Malaya Command</a> November – December 1945 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Messervy" title="Frank Messervy">Sir Frank Messervy</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Command" title="Middle East Command">Commander-in-Chief Middle East</a> 1946–1947 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Crocker" title="John Crocker">Sir John Crocker</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF157;">Honorary titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Collins_(British_Army_officer)" title="Robert Collins (British Army officer)">Robert Collins</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Berkshire_Regiment" title="Royal Berkshire Regiment">Colonel of the Royal Berkshire Regiment</a> 1946–1956 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dudley_William_Bruce_Trower_Hogg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dudley William Bruce Trower Hogg (page does not exist)">Dudley Hogg</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output 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