CINXE.COM
Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame) - Wikipedia
<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame) - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"3473e3e9-1d61-4289-afb2-51f1837c4ab0","wgCanonicalNamespace":"Talk","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":1,"wgPageName":"Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)","wgTitle":"Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)","wgCurRevisionId":1259523219,"wgRevisionId":1259523219,"wgArticleId":7533,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Redirect-Class physics articles","NA-importance physics articles","Redirect-Class physics articles of NA-importance","Redirect-Class physics history articles","Physics history articles","NA-Class history of science articles","NA-importance history of science articles","WikiProject History of Science articles","NA-Class psychology articles","NA-importance psychology articles","WikiProject Psychology articles"], "wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)","wgRelevantArticleId":7533,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":8000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgDiscussionToolsFeaturesEnabled":{"replytool":true,"newtopictool":true,"sourcemodetoolbar":true,"topicsubscription":false,"autotopicsub":false,"visualenhancements": false,"visualenhancements_reply":false,"visualenhancements_pageframe":false},"wgDiscussionToolsFallbackEditMode":"source","wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":true,"wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.inputBox.styles":"ready","ext.math.styles":"ready","ext.discussionTools.init.styles":"ready","oojs-ui-core.styles":"ready","oojs-ui.styles.indicators":"ready","mediawiki.widgets.styles":"ready","oojs-ui-core.icons":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles": "ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.discussionTools.init","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.discussionTools.init.styles%7Cext.inputBox.styles%7Cext.math.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.widgets.styles%7Coojs-ui-core.icons%2Cstyles%7Coojs-ui.styles.indicators%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame) - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="ext-discussiontools-replytool-enabled ext-discussiontools-newtopictool-enabled ext-discussiontools-sourcemodetoolbar-enabled skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-1 ns-talk mw-editable page-Talk_Centrifugal_force_rotating_reference_frame rootpage-Talk_Centrifugal_force_rotating_reference_frame skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Talk%3ACentrifugal+force+%28rotating+reference+frame%29" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Talk%3ACentrifugal+force+%28rotating+reference+frame%29" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Talk%3ACentrifugal+force+%28rotating+reference+frame%29" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Talk%3ACentrifugal+force+%28rotating+reference+frame%29" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Not_to_be_confused_with" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Not_to_be_confused_with"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Not to be confused with</span> </div> </a> <span class="ext-discussiontools-init-sidebar-meta">1 comment</span> <ul id="toc-Not_to_be_confused_with-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>More properly an effect than a force?</span> </div> </a> <span class="ext-discussiontools-init-sidebar-meta">3 comments</span> <ul id="toc-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Acceleration_Derivation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acceleration_Derivation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Acceleration Derivation</span> </div> </a> <span class="ext-discussiontools-init-sidebar-meta">2 comments</span> <ul id="toc-Acceleration_Derivation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_the_frame." class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_the_frame."> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>It's the rotation of the <i>direction of the velocity vector</i> that matters, not of the frame.</span> </div> </a> <span class="ext-discussiontools-init-sidebar-meta">1 comment</span> <ul id="toc-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_the_frame.-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Talk</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang mw-portlet-lang-icon-only" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector-empty" aria-label="This article exist only in this language. Add the article for other languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-portlet-lang-heading-empty" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Add languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="mw-portlet-empty-language-selector-body"> Page contents not supported in other languages. </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)" class="mw-redirect" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="istalk vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-addsection" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)&action=edit&section=new" title="Start a new section [+]" accesskey="+"><span>Add topic</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="istalk vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-addsection" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)&action=edit&section=new"><span>Add topic</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)&oldid=1259523219" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTalk%3ACentrifugal_force_%28rotating_reference_frame%29"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTalk%3ACentrifugal_force_%28rotating_reference_frame%29"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Talk%3ACentrifugal_force_%28rotating_reference_frame%29&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237879475">.mw-parser-output .tmbox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #c0c090;background-color:#f8eaba;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmbox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .tmbox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .tmbox-content{border:2px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .tmbox-style{border:2px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .tmbox-move{border:2px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmbox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .tmbox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.tmbox img{max-width:none!important}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1230750088">.mw-parser-output .talkheader{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .talkheader-body{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .talkheader-help,.mw-parser-output .talkheader-policies,.mw-parser-output .talkheader-shortcuts{display:flex;align-items:center;padding:0.1em}.mw-parser-output .talkheader-help{flex:2 1 auto;border:1px solid #c0c090;background-color:var(--background-color-base,#ffffff);color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .talkheader-policies{flex:1 1 auto}.mw-parser-output .talkheader-policies+.talkheader-policies{border-left:1px solid #c0c090}.mw-parser-output .talkheader-shortcuts{flex:0 1 auto}.mw-parser-output .talkheader-help>*,.mw-parser-output .talkheader-policies>*,.mw-parser-output .talkheader-shortcuts>*{flex:1 1 auto}.mw-parser-output .talkheader-help ul,.mw-parser-output .talkheader-policies ul{margin:0.1em 0.8em 0 1.6em;text-align:left}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .talkheader{min-width:80%}}</style><table role="presentation" class="tmbox tmbox-notice talkheader plainlinks" id="talkheader" style="border-collapse: separate;"><tbody><tr> <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid #c0c090; font-weight: bold;">This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_page_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines">talk page</a> for discussing improvements to the <a href="/wiki/Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)" class="mw-redirect" title="Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)">Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)</a> redirect.<br/> This is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#FORUM" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">not a forum</a> for general discussion of the article's subject.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div class="talkheader-body"> <div class="talkheader-help"> <ul><li>Put new text under old text. <strong><a href="/wiki/Special:NewSection/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)" title="Special:NewSection/Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)">Click here to start a new topic.</a></strong></li> <li>New to Wikipedia? Welcome! <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Help:Introduction">Learn to edit</a>; <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Questions" title="Wikipedia:Questions">get help</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="talkheader-policies"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_good_faith" title="Wikipedia:Assume good faith">Assume good faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Civility" title="Wikipedia:Civility">Be polite</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_personal_attacks" title="Wikipedia:No personal attacks">avoid personal attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_do_not_bite_the_newcomers" title="Wikipedia:Please do not bite the newcomers">Be welcoming to newcomers</a></li> <li>Seek <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution_requests" title="Wikipedia:Dispute resolution requests">dispute resolution</a> if needed</li></ul> </div><div class="talkheader-policies"> <div><b>Article policies</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">Neutral point of view</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">No original research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">Verifiability</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> </td> </tr><tr><td style="border-top: 1px solid #c0c090; padding: 1px 3px;"><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Centrifugal+force%22+rotating+reference+frame">Google</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Centrifugal+force%22+rotating+reference+frame+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Centrifugal+force%22+rotating+reference+frame+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Centrifugal+force%22+rotating+reference+frame">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22Centrifugal+force%22+rotating+reference+frame+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org">free images</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22Centrifugal+force%22+rotating+reference+frame">WP refs</a>) <b>·</b> <span title="Free English newspaper sources" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources">FENS</a></span> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Centrifugal+force%22+rotating+reference+frame&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a> <b>·</b> <span title="The Wikipedia Library" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22Centrifugal+force%22+rotating+reference+frame">TWL</a></span></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237879475"><table class="plainlinks tmbox tmbox-content tmbox-not-a-forum" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text">This page is <strong><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#FORUM" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">not a forum</a></strong> for general discussion about centrifugal force. Any such comments <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_page_guidelines#EDIT" title="Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines">may be removed</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Refactoring_talk_pages" title="Wikipedia:Refactoring talk pages">refactored</a>. Please limit discussion to improvement of this redirect. You may wish to ask factual questions about centrifugal force at the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk">Reference desk</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237879475"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1243927654">.mw-parser-output .banner-shell{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:4px}.mw-parser-output .banner-shell-header{text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .banner-shell-inner{padding:2px 4px;background:#fffaef;color:inherit;border:1px dotted gray}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .banner-shell-inner{background:#2e2505}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .banner-shell-inner{background:#2e2505}}.mw-parser-output .banner-shell .tmbox{margin:2px 0;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .banner-shell .tmbox.mbox-small{line-height:1.5em;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .banner-shell-inner .banner-shell-outside{display:none}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .wpbs{width:80%}}.mw-parser-output .wpbs .assess{width:60px;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .wpbs .banner-shell-header{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em 0.25em 0}.mw-parser-output .wpbs .wpb .wpb-header{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .wpbs .wpb:not(.mw-collapsed) .wpb-header-icon a{display:none}</style><table role="presentation" class="tmbox tmbox-notice banner-shell wpbs mw-collapsible"><tbody><tr><td class="assess"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_redirect_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Redirect"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a2/Symbol_redirect_class.svg/35px-Symbol_redirect_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a2/Symbol_redirect_class.svg/53px-Symbol_redirect_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a2/Symbol_redirect_class.svg/70px-Symbol_redirect_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200"/></a></span></td><td class="banner-shell-header" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal">This redirect does not require a rating on Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_assessment" title="Wikipedia:Content assessment">content assessment</a> scale.<br/>It is of interest to the following <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject">WikiProjects</a>:</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="banner-shell-inner outercollapse"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237879475"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259570071">.mw-parser-output .wpb-header,.mw-parser-output .wpb-metadata,.mw-parser-output .wpb-iefix{display:none}.mw-parser-output .wpb-header-name{text-align:right;padding:0.3em 1em 0.3em 0.3em;width:50%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .wpb-header-assessment{text-align:left;width:50%;padding:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .wpb-header-combined{text-align:left;padding:0.3em 0.3em 0.3em 0;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .wpb-header-bubbles{border-radius:.5em;padding:0 .3em;margin-left:0.5em;white-space:nowrap;font-weight:normal;color:black}.mw-parser-output .wpb-nested-task-force{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .wpb-header-icon{width:50px;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .wpb-category-box{background-color:#F5F5F5;border-width:1px;width:500px}.mw-parser-output .wpbs .wpb .wpb-main{background-color:#FFFAEF;padding:3px 0 3px 0.7em}.mw-parser-output .wpb .wpb-main{padding:3px 5px}.mw-parser-output .wpbs .wpb-header{background-color:#FFFAEF}.mw-parser-output .wpb-main>table{background-color:transparent;border:none;padding:0;width:100%;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .wpb .wpb-image{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .wpb-collapsed-head{text-align:left;padding:0.2em 2px 0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .wpb-collapsed-notes{padding:0}.mw-parser-output .wpb-collapsed-notes>table{width:100%;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .wpb .wpb-gutter{padding:2px 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .wpbs .banner-shell-inner{background-color:#f8eaba;border:none}.mw-parser-output .wpb-table{table-layout:fixed}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .wpb{min-width:80%}}.mw-parser-output .assess{font-weight:bold;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;color:black}.mw-parser-output .import-top{background-color:#FFBFFF}.mw-parser-output .import-high{background-color:#FFCCFF}.mw-parser-output .import-mid{background-color:#FFD9FF}.mw-parser-output .import-low{background-color:#FFE7FF}.mw-parser-output .import-bottom{background-color:#FFEBFF}.mw-parser-output .import-na{background-color:#F5F5F5}.mw-parser-output .import-unknown{background-color:#DCDCDC}.mw-parser-output .class-fa,.mw-parser-output .class-fl,.mw-parser-output .class-fm{background-color:#BED3FF}.mw-parser-output .class-a,.mw-parser-output .class-al{background-color:#C0FFFF}.mw-parser-output .class-ga{background-color:#C0FFC0}.mw-parser-output .class-b,.mw-parser-output .class-bl{background-color:#DFFFBF}.mw-parser-output .class-c,.mw-parser-output .class-cl{background-color:#FFFFBE}.mw-parser-output .class-start{background-color:#FFDBBF}.mw-parser-output .class-stub,.mw-parser-output .class-sl{background-color:#FFC0C0}.mw-parser-output .class-list{background-color:#D2C0FF}.mw-parser-output .class-na{background-color:#F5F5F5}.mw-parser-output .class-category{background-color:#FFDB58}.mw-parser-output .class-disambig{background-color:#00FA9A}.mw-parser-output .class-draft{background-color:#E7B198}.mw-parser-output .class-file{background-color:#DDCCFF}.mw-parser-output .class-future{background-color:#B4BBFF}.mw-parser-output .class-portal{background-color:#DDB1BC}.mw-parser-output .class-project{background-color:#C0C090}.mw-parser-output .class-redirect{background-color:#C0C0C0}.mw-parser-output .class-sia{background-color:#E9DAFF}.mw-parser-output .class-user{background-color:#DDD06A}.mw-parser-output .class-template{background-color:#FBCEB1}.mw-parser-output .class-unassessed{background-color:#DCDCDC}.mw-parser-output .conflict{border:0.2em solid red}.mw-parser-output .inactive-wikiproject .wpb-header-bubbles{color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .wpb-category-box{background-color:#0a0a0a}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .wpbs .wpb .wpb-main,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .wpbs .wpb-header{background-color:#302f2d}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .wpbs .banner-shell-inner{background-color:#2e2505}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .wpb-category-box{background-color:#0a0a0a}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .wpbs .wpb .wpb-main,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .wpbs .wpb-header{background-color:#302f2d}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .wpbs .banner-shell-inner{background-color:#2e2505}}</style><table class="tmbox tmbox-notice mw-collapsible innercollapse wpb wpb-table"><tbody><tr class="wpb-header"><td class="wpb-header-icon"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Black_hole_(NASA).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="WikiProject icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Black_hole_%28NASA%29.jpg/31px-Black_hole_%28NASA%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="31" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Black_hole_%28NASA%29.jpg/48px-Black_hole_%28NASA%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Black_hole_%28NASA%29.jpg/63px-Black_hole_%28NASA%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2400"/></a></span></td><td class="wpb-header-combined"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Physics" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Physics">Physics</a><span class="wpb-nested-task-force">: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Physics/Taskforces/BPH" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Physics/Taskforces/BPH">History</a></span> </td></tr><tr><td class="mbox-text wpb-main" colspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image wpb-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Black_hole_(NASA).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="WikiProject icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Black_hole_%28NASA%29.jpg/90px-Black_hole_%28NASA%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Black_hole_%28NASA%29.jpg/135px-Black_hole_%28NASA%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Black_hole_%28NASA%29.jpg/180px-Black_hole_%28NASA%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2400"/></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stylised_atom_with_three_Bohr_model_orbits_and_stylised_nucleus.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Stylised_atom_with_three_Bohr_model_orbits_and_stylised_nucleus.svg/25px-Stylised_atom_with_three_Bohr_model_orbits_and_stylised_nucleus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Stylised_atom_with_three_Bohr_model_orbits_and_stylised_nucleus.svg/37px-Stylised_atom_with_three_Bohr_model_orbits_and_stylised_nucleus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Stylised_atom_with_three_Bohr_model_orbits_and_stylised_nucleus.svg/49px-Stylised_atom_with_three_Bohr_model_orbits_and_stylised_nucleus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="600"/></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Physics" title="Portal:Physics">Physics portal</a></span></li></ul>This redirect is within the scope of <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Physics" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Physics">WikiProject Physics</a></b>, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of <a href="/wiki/Physics" title="Physics">Physics</a> on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Physics" title="Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Physics">the discussion</a> and see a list of open tasks.<span class="metadata wpb-metadata"><span class="wpb-project">Physics</span><span class="wpb-project_link">Wikipedia:WikiProject Physics</span><span class="wpb-banner_name">Template:WikiProject Physics</span><span class="wpb-assessment_cat">physics articles</span></span></td><td class="mbox-empty-cell"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td class="mbox-text" colspan="2">This redirect is supported by <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Physics/Taskforces/BPH" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Physics/Taskforces/BPH">History Taskforce</a></b>.</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237879475"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1259570071"><table class="tmbox tmbox-notice mw-collapsible innercollapse wpb wpb-table"><tbody><tr class="wpb-header"><td class="wpb-header-icon"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kepler-solar-system-2.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="WikiProject icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Kepler-solar-system-2.gif/26px-Kepler-solar-system-2.gif" decoding="async" width="26" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Kepler-solar-system-2.gif/40px-Kepler-solar-system-2.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Kepler-solar-system-2.gif/52px-Kepler-solar-system-2.gif 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="274"/></a></span></td><td class="wpb-header-combined"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_History_of_Science" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject History of Science">History of Science</a> </td></tr><tr><td class="mbox-text wpb-main" colspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image wpb-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kepler-solar-system-2.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="WikiProject icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Kepler-solar-system-2.gif/80px-Kepler-solar-system-2.gif" decoding="async" width="80" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Kepler-solar-system-2.gif/120px-Kepler-solar-system-2.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Kepler-solar-system-2.gif/160px-Kepler-solar-system-2.gif 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="274"/></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1259569809"><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="image" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Newton%27s_reflecting_telescope.jpg/25px-Newton%27s_reflecting_telescope.jpg" decoding="async" width="25" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Newton%27s_reflecting_telescope.jpg/37px-Newton%27s_reflecting_telescope.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Newton%27s_reflecting_telescope.jpg/50px-Newton%27s_reflecting_telescope.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="1276"/></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:History_of_science" title="Portal:History of science">History of science portal</a></span></li></ul>This redirect is part of the <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_History_of_Science" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject History of Science">History of Science WikiProject</a></b>, an attempt to improve and organize the <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_science" title="Category:History of science">history of science</a> content on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, you can edit the redirect attached to this page, or visit the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_History_of_Science" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject History of Science">project page</a>, where you can join the project and/or contribute to the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_History_of_Science" title="Wikipedia talk:WikiProject History of Science">discussion</a>. You can also help with the <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_History_of_Science/Collaboration_of_the_Month" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject History of Science/Collaboration of the Month">History of Science Collaboration of the Month</a></b>.<span class="metadata wpb-metadata"><span class="wpb-project">History of Science</span><span class="wpb-project_link">Wikipedia:WikiProject History of Science</span><span class="wpb-banner_name">Template:WikiProject History of Science</span><span class="wpb-assessment_cat">history of science articles</span></span></td><td class="mbox-empty-cell"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237879475"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1259570071"><table class="tmbox tmbox-notice mw-collapsible innercollapse wpb wpb-table"><tbody><tr class="wpb-header"><td class="wpb-header-icon"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_uc_psi_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="WikiProject icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Greek_uc_psi_icon.svg/27px-Greek_uc_psi_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Greek_uc_psi_icon.svg/40px-Greek_uc_psi_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Greek_uc_psi_icon.svg/53px-Greek_uc_psi_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="94"/></a></span></td><td class="wpb-header-combined"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Psychology" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Psychology">Psychology</a> </td></tr><tr><td class="mbox-text wpb-main" colspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image wpb-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_uc_psi_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="WikiProject icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Greek_uc_psi_icon.svg/80px-Greek_uc_psi_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Greek_uc_psi_icon.svg/120px-Greek_uc_psi_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Greek_uc_psi_icon.svg/160px-Greek_uc_psi_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="94"/></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1259569809"><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Psi2.svg/28px-Psi2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Psi2.svg/42px-Psi2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Psi2.svg/56px-Psi2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100"/></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Psychology" title="Portal:Psychology">Psychology portal</a></span></li></ul>This redirect is within the scope of <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Psychology" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Psychology">WikiProject Psychology</a></b>, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of <a href="/wiki/Psychology" title="Psychology">Psychology</a> on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Psychology" title="Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Psychology">the discussion</a> and see a list of open tasks.<span class="metadata wpb-metadata"><span class="wpb-project">Psychology</span><span class="wpb-project_link">Wikipedia:WikiProject Psychology</span><span class="wpb-banner_name">Template:WikiProject Psychology</span><span class="wpb-assessment_cat">psychology articles</span></span></td><td class="mbox-empty-cell"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237879475"> </p> <table id="archivebox" role="presentation" class="tmbox tmbox-notice mbox-small" style="text-align: center; padding: 1em;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:0.6em 0 0.25em;"> <div style="width:100%; overflow:hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Replacement_filing_cabinet.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2a/Replacement_filing_cabinet.svg/40px-Replacement_filing_cabinet.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2a/Replacement_filing_cabinet.svg/60px-Replacement_filing_cabinet.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2a/Replacement_filing_cabinet.svg/80px-Replacement_filing_cabinet.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200"/></a></span><br/><b>Archives</b></div> </td></tr><tr> <td class="plainlinks"> <table style="width: 100%; padding: 0px; text-align: center; background-color: transparent;"><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 1">Archive 1</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 2">Archive 2</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 3">Archive 3</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_4" class="mw-redirect" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 4">Archive 4</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_5" class="mw-redirect" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 5">Archive 5</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_6" class="mw-redirect" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 6">Archive 6</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_7" class="mw-redirect" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 7">Archive 7</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_8" class="mw-redirect" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 8">Archive 8</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_9" class="mw-redirect" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 9">Archive 9</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_10" class="mw-redirect" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 10">Archive 10</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_11" class="mw-redirect" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 11">Archive 11</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_12" class="mw-redirect" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 12">Archive 12</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_13" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 13">Archive 13</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_14" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 14">Archive 14</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_15" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 15">Archive 15</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_16" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 16">Archive 16</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_17" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 17">Archive 17</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_18" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 18">Archive 18</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_19" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 19">Archive 19</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_20" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 20">Archive 20</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)/Archive_21" title="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/Archive 21">Archive 21</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td> </tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom:11px"><div class="mw-inputbox-centered" style=""><form name="searchbox" class="searchbox mw-inputbox-form" action="/wiki/Special:Search"><div class="cdx-text-input"><input class="mw-inputbox-input mw-searchInput searchboxInput cdx-text-input__input" name="search" placeholder="" size="22" dir="ltr"/></div><input type="hidden" value="Talk:Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)/" name="prefix"/><br/><input type="submit" name="fulltext" value="Search archives" class="cdx-button"/><input type="hidden" value="Search" name="fulltext"/></form></div> </td></tr><tr><td style="padding:0px 10px; font-size:11.9px;"> <hr/> This page has archives. Sections older than <b>90 days</b> may be automatically archived by <span class="nowraplinks"><a href="/wiki/User:Lowercase_sigmabot_III" title="User:Lowercase sigmabot III">Lowercase sigmabot III</a></span> when more than 4 sections are present.</td></tr> </tbody></table> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><!--__DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Kvng-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Not_to_be_confused_with-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z","replies":["c-Kvng-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z-Not_to_be_confused_with"],"text":"Not to be confused with","linkableTitle":"Not to be confused with"}--><h2 id="Not_to_be_confused_with" data-mw-thread-id="h-Not_to_be_confused_with-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Not_to_be_confused_with-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z"></span>Not to be confused with<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Not_to_be_confused_with-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Not to be confused with"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span><!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Kvng-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Not_to_be_confused_with-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z","replies":["c-Kvng-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z-Not_to_be_confused_with"]}}--><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-bar"><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-metadata"><!--__DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Kvng-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z-Not_to_be_confused_with","timestamp":"2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z"}__--><!--__DTCOMMENTCOUNT__1__--><!--__DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__--></div><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-actions"><!--__DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Kvng-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Not_to_be_confused_with-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z","replies":["c-Kvng-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z-Not_to_be_confused_with"],"text":"Not to be confused with","linkableTitle":"Not to be confused with"}--></div></div></div> <p><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="c-Kvng-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z-Not_to_be_confused_with"></span>There are various warnings not to confuse various forces: <a href="/wiki/Centrifugal_force" title="Centrifugal force">Centrifugal force</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reactive_centrifugal_force" title="Reactive centrifugal force">Reactive centrifugal force</a>, <a href="/wiki/Centripetal_force" title="Centripetal force">Centripetal force</a>, <a href="/wiki/Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)" class="mw-redirect" title="Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)">Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)</a>. There is however no discussion of the distinction between these various phenomenon. --<a href="/wiki/User:Kvng" title="User:Kvng">Kvng</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Kvng" title="User talk:Kvng">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)#c-Kvng-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z-Not_to_be_confused_with" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">20:46, 2 July 2012 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-Kvng-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z-Not_to_be_confused_with"><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-bracket">[</span><a class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-reply" role="button" tabindex="0" href="">reply</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-bracket">]</span><!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z","author":"Kvng","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Kvng-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z-Not_to_be_confused_with","replies":[]}}--></span><span data-mw-comment-end="c-Kvng-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z-Not_to_be_confused_with"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><!--__DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z","replies":["c-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?"],"text":"More properly an effect than a force?","linkableTitle":"More properly an effect than a force?"}--><h2 id="More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?" data-mw-thread-id="h-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z"><span id="More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z"></span>More properly an effect than a force?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: More properly an effect than a force?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span><!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z","replies":["c-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?"]}}--><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-bar"><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-metadata"><!--__DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Dicklyon-2013-02-20T05:49:00.000Z-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z","timestamp":"2013-02-20T05:49:00.000Z"}__--><!--__DTCOMMENTCOUNT__3__--><!--__DTAUTHORCOUNT__3__--></div><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-actions"><!--__DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z","replies":["c-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?"],"text":"More properly an effect than a force?","linkableTitle":"More properly an effect than a force?"}--></div></div></div> <p><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="c-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?"></span>I suspect that the lead would be better if reworked à la N.M.J. Woodhouse, who writes (p. 7) in his <i>Special Relativity</i> (Springer-Verlag, 2003), </p> <dl><dd>"In problems where the rotation matters, for example in the analysis of Foucault's pendulum, it is helpful to treat a terrestrial frame as if it were intertial, but to introduce correction terms, the 'fictitious' centrifugal and Coriolis forces, to take account of the rotation. But these are not real forces, and the frame is not really inertial."</dd></dl> <p>Indeed, even <a href="/wiki/Coriolis_effect" class="mw-redirect" title="Coriolis effect">Wikipedia's own article on Coriolis forces</a> is a redirect to <i>Coriolus effect</i>, and that article makes it clearer than this one does that the force is only apparent. I'd have just changed it myself, but wondered if there were a good argument for retaining the nonparallelism of treating one of the two forces as though it were somehow less fictitious than the other.—<a href="/wiki/User:PaulTanenbaum" title="User:PaulTanenbaum">PaulTanenbaum</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:PaulTanenbaum" title="User talk:PaulTanenbaum">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)#c-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">20:57, 19 February 2013 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?"><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-bracket">[</span><a class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-reply" role="button" tabindex="0" href="">reply</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-bracket">]</span><!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z","author":"PaulTanenbaum","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?","replies":["c-FyzixFighter-2013-02-20T05:33:00.000Z-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z","c-Dicklyon-2013-02-20T05:49:00.000Z-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z"]}}--></span><span data-mw-comment-end="c-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?"></span> </p> <dl><dd><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="c-FyzixFighter-2013-02-20T05:33:00.000Z-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z"></span>My two cents here - I think there is a distinction between "effect" and "force" in these instances. My feeling from the literature that I've read is that the effect refers to the apparently anomalous deflection of the path of a particle while the force is the pseudo-force or fictitious force that is introduced to explain the deflection. As for an argument for retaining the nonparallelism, this is what we find in the literature, ie the terms "Coriolis effect" and "Coriolis force" are used with about the same frequency and sometimes it seems inter-changeably. The choice also seems to be dependent on the context - in meteorology we find "Coriolis effect" (and my guess this is true for the everyday person), while in the physics literature "Coriolis force" is more common. I don't think the same can be said for "centrifugal force"/"centrifugal effect". Just to get a general idea of how common the terms occur in the literature I searched for each phrase in google books: <ul><li>Coriolis effect : ~44,500</li> <li>Coriolis force : ~138,000</li> <li>Centrifugal effect : ~16,700</li> <li>Centrifugal force : ~1,260,000</li></ul></dd> <dd>That's almost two orders of magnitude difference for centrifugal between effect and force, while for Coriolis the two are roughly equal (okay, a factor of about 3 but less than an order of magnitude). So imo I don't care whether the other article is "Coriolis effect" or "Coriolis force", but I strongly favor keeping this one as "centrifugal force" per the usage frequency in the literature. That being said, if the intro needs to be clearer on it being a fictitious force then that should be fixed. --<a href="/wiki/User:FyzixFighter" title="User:FyzixFighter">FyzixFighter</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:FyzixFighter" title="User talk:FyzixFighter">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)#c-FyzixFighter-2013-02-20T05:33:00.000Z-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">05:33, 20 February 2013 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-FyzixFighter-2013-02-20T05:33:00.000Z-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z"><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-bracket">[</span><a class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-reply" role="button" tabindex="0" href="">reply</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-bracket">]</span><!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-02-20T05:33:00.000Z","author":"FyzixFighter","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-FyzixFighter-2013-02-20T05:33:00.000Z-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z","replies":[]}}--></span><span data-mw-comment-end="c-FyzixFighter-2013-02-20T05:33:00.000Z-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z"></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="c-Dicklyon-2013-02-20T05:49:00.000Z-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z"></span>I agree with FF. If you want it more parallel, go the other way. And I'd avoid the notion of "only apparent", since we already have a well-define notion of "fictitious force" that says exactly what it is. <a href="/wiki/User:Dicklyon" title="User:Dicklyon">Dicklyon</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Dicklyon" title="User talk:Dicklyon">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)#c-Dicklyon-2013-02-20T05:49:00.000Z-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">05:49, 20 February 2013 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-Dicklyon-2013-02-20T05:49:00.000Z-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z"><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-bracket">[</span><a class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-reply" role="button" tabindex="0" href="">reply</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-bracket">]</span><!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-02-20T05:49:00.000Z","author":"Dicklyon","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Dicklyon-2013-02-20T05:49:00.000Z-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z","replies":[]}}--></span><span data-mw-comment-end="c-Dicklyon-2013-02-20T05:49:00.000Z-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><!--__DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Acceleration_Derivation-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z","replies":["c-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z-Acceleration_Derivation"],"text":"Acceleration Derivation","linkableTitle":"Acceleration Derivation"}--><h2 id="Acceleration_Derivation" data-mw-thread-id="h-Acceleration_Derivation-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Acceleration_Derivation-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z"></span>Acceleration Derivation<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Acceleration_Derivation-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Acceleration Derivation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span><!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Acceleration_Derivation-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z","replies":["c-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z-Acceleration_Derivation"]}}--><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-bar"><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-metadata"><!--__DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-DVdm-2013-03-06T12:47:00.000Z-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z","timestamp":"2013-03-06T12:47:00.000Z"}__--><!--__DTCOMMENTCOUNT__2__--><!--__DTAUTHORCOUNT__2__--></div><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-actions"><!--__DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Acceleration_Derivation-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z","replies":["c-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z-Acceleration_Derivation"],"text":"Acceleration Derivation","linkableTitle":"Acceleration Derivation"}--></div></div></div> <p><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="c-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z-Acceleration_Derivation"></span>In the derivation section, I'm noticing that the last two lines of equations in the "acceleration" section do not seem to follow from one another. When I evaluate the d/dt([dr/dt]+w x r) term in the next to last line, it does not give the factor of two in front of the Coriolis term. I believe the error is leaving out part of the first derivative operator: that is, in that equation, instead of the operator "d/dt" we should have "d/dt + w x" as the operator. (also see the rotational reference frame wiki page for that derivation, in which the derivation correctly gets the factor of two into the Coriolis term) I would just go ahead and add it, except I'm not at all familiar with the proper coding for inserting equations into wikipedia, and am very new here in general <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">— Preceding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Signatures" title="Wikipedia:Signatures">unsigned</a> comment added by <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/222.221.253.76" title="Special:Contributions/222.221.253.76">222.221.253.76</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=User_talk:222.221.253.76&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="User talk:222.221.253.76 (page does not exist)">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)#c-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z-Acceleration_Derivation" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">02:13, 6 March 2013 (UTC)</a></span><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z-Acceleration_Derivation"><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-bracket">[</span><a class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-reply" role="button" tabindex="0" href="">reply</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-bracket">]</span><!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z","author":"222.221.253.76","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z-Acceleration_Derivation","replies":["c-DVdm-2013-03-06T12:47:00.000Z-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z"]}}--></span><span data-mw-comment-end="c-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z-Acceleration_Derivation"></span> </p> <dl><dd><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="c-DVdm-2013-03-06T12:47:00.000Z-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z"></span>It is correct. Don't forget that <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {\operatorname {d} {\boldsymbol {r}}}{\operatorname {d} t}}=\left[{\frac {\operatorname {d} {\boldsymbol {r}}}{\operatorname {d} t}}\right]+{\boldsymbol {\omega }}\times {\boldsymbol {r}}\ ,}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mo><!-- --></mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">r</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mo><!-- --></mo> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mo><!-- --></mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">r</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mo><!-- --></mo> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">ω<!-- ω --></mi> </mrow> <mo>×<!-- × --></mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">r</mi> </mrow> <mtext> </mtext> <mo>,</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {\operatorname {d} {\boldsymbol {r}}}{\operatorname {d} t}}=\left[{\frac {\operatorname {d} {\boldsymbol {r}}}{\operatorname {d} t}}\right]+{\boldsymbol {\omega }}\times {\boldsymbol {r}}\ ,}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1efecc4293cca2e5e2f82e3bcb063f077a04d8a9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:22.851ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {\operatorname {d} {\boldsymbol {r}}}{\operatorname {d} t}}=\left[{\frac {\operatorname {d} {\boldsymbol {r}}}{\operatorname {d} t}}\right]+{\boldsymbol {\omega }}\times {\boldsymbol {r}}\ ,}"/></span></dd></dl></dd> <dd>and of course likewise <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {\operatorname {d} }{\operatorname {d} t}}\left[{\frac {\operatorname {d} {\boldsymbol {r}}}{\operatorname {d} t}}\right]=\left[{\frac {\operatorname {d} ^{2}{\boldsymbol {r}}}{\operatorname {d} t^{2}}}\right]+{\boldsymbol {\omega }}\times \left[{\frac {\operatorname {d} {\boldsymbol {r}}}{\operatorname {d} t}}\right]\ ,}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mo><!-- --></mo> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mo><!-- --></mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">r</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mo><!-- --></mo> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo><!-- --></mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">r</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mo><!-- --></mo> <msup> <mi>t</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">ω<!-- ω --></mi> </mrow> <mo>×<!-- × --></mo> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mo><!-- --></mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">r</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mo><!-- --></mo> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> <mtext> </mtext> <mo>,</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {\operatorname {d} }{\operatorname {d} t}}\left[{\frac {\operatorname {d} {\boldsymbol {r}}}{\operatorname {d} t}}\right]=\left[{\frac {\operatorname {d} ^{2}{\boldsymbol {r}}}{\operatorname {d} t^{2}}}\right]+{\boldsymbol {\omega }}\times \left[{\frac {\operatorname {d} {\boldsymbol {r}}}{\operatorname {d} t}}\right]\ ,}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e4759fa2bad1a1e430e18b7280b642703738d1b0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:35.461ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {\operatorname {d} }{\operatorname {d} t}}\left[{\frac {\operatorname {d} {\boldsymbol {r}}}{\operatorname {d} t}}\right]=\left[{\frac {\operatorname {d} ^{2}{\boldsymbol {r}}}{\operatorname {d} t^{2}}}\right]+{\boldsymbol {\omega }}\times \left[{\frac {\operatorname {d} {\boldsymbol {r}}}{\operatorname {d} t}}\right]\ ,}"/></span></dd></dl></dd> <dd>so that is where the second term comes from.</dd> <dd><b>Note</b> - this derivation could need a source. - <a href="/wiki/User:DVdm" title="User:DVdm">DVdm</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:DVdm" title="User talk:DVdm">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)#c-DVdm-2013-03-06T12:47:00.000Z-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">12:47, 6 March 2013 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-DVdm-2013-03-06T12:47:00.000Z-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z"><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-bracket">[</span><a class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-reply" role="button" tabindex="0" href="">reply</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-bracket">]</span><!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-03-06T12:47:00.000Z","author":"DVdm","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-DVdm-2013-03-06T12:47:00.000Z-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z","replies":[]}}--></span><span data-mw-comment-end="c-DVdm-2013-03-06T12:47:00.000Z-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><!--__DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Montyv-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_t-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z","replies":["c-Montyv-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_t"],"text":"It's the rotation of the direction of the velocity vector that matters, not of the frame.","linkableTitle":"It's the rotation of the direction of the velocity vector that matters, not of the frame."}--><h2 id="It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_the_frame." data-mw-thread-id="h-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_t-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z"><span id="It.27s_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters.2C_not_of_the_frame."></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_t-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z"></span>It's the rotation of the <i>direction of the velocity vector</i> that matters, not of the frame.<span data-mw-comment-end="h-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_t-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: It's the rotation of the direction of the velocity vector that matters, not of the frame."><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span><!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Montyv-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_t-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z","replies":["c-Montyv-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_t"]}}--><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-bar"><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-metadata"><!--__DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Montyv-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_t","timestamp":"2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z"}__--><!--__DTCOMMENTCOUNT__1__--><!--__DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__--></div><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-actions"><!--__DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Montyv-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_t-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z","replies":["c-Montyv-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_t"],"text":"It's the rotation of the direction of the velocity vector that matters, not of the frame.","linkableTitle":"It's the rotation of the direction of the velocity vector that matters, not of the frame."}--></div></div></div> <p><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="c-Montyv-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_t"></span>Yep. We have here a misleading article title, and misleading wording that implies that a <i>reference frame'</i>s rotation results in centrifugal force/pseudoforce. Rather, it's the <i>centripetal acceleration</i> of the frame (or object) that results in such forces. The centripetal acceleration of the frame (stated in an inertial frame) is proportional to the rate of change of the <i>direction of the velocity vector</i> (also stated in the same inertial frame). Thus, if the rate of rotation of anything matters, it's the rate of rotation of the direction of the velocity vector, <i>not</i> the rotation rate of the frame. </p><p>I grant that, in most usual cases (such as ball-on-string), the most common frame is attached to the object (ball) and is also rotating along with the object. The rotation rate of the frame in these cases is the same as the rotation rate of the direction of the velocity vector, <i>but that's only incidental</i>. It's the rate of change of the direction of the velocity vector that makes for the centrifugal forces here. If the frame was still attached to the ball, but was chosen to rotate at twice or three times the rate of the velocity vector, or if it was chosen to not rotate at all, it would not effect the magnitude of the centrifugal force, nor would it effect the actual direction of the centrifugal force. Such an independently-rotating frame would have different <i>numbers</i> representing the direction of the centrifugal force, but the actual direction (or magnitude) of the centrifugal force at any particular moment would not vary with rotation rate of the frame. </p><p>We should not muddle-together the <i>movement</i> of a frame (such as in a circle about a point) with <i>rotation</i> of the frame. They are two different things that can be independent. If we don't keep that in mind, it leads to fallacies. </p><p><a href="/wiki/User:Montyv" title="User:Montyv">Montyv</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Montyv" title="User talk:Montyv">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)#c-Montyv-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_t" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">17:32, 31 May 2015 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-Montyv-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_t"><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-bracket">[</span><a class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-reply" role="button" tabindex="0" href="">reply</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-bracket">]</span><!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z","author":"Montyv","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Montyv-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_t","replies":[]}}--></span><span data-mw-comment-end="c-Montyv-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_t"></span> </p> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐759d5489db‐vc5kz Cached time: 20241202184825 Cache expiry: 864000 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.019 seconds CPU time usage: 0.336 seconds Real time usage: 0.467 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1388/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 55233/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1353/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function count: 31/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 30335/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.162/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3374446/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 338.356 1 -total 38.00% 128.590 1 Template:WikiProject_banner_shell 28.37% 95.985 1 Template:Archives 26.87% 90.918 1 Template:Talk_header 19.51% 66.016 1 Template:WikiProject_Physics 17.16% 58.053 11 Template:Th/abp 8.25% 27.910 1 Template:Find_sources 7.87% 26.642 9 Template:Tmpv 5.91% 20.012 2 Template:Pagetype 5.85% 19.798 11 Template:HasTemplate --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:7533:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241202184825 and revision id 1259523219. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)&oldid=1259523219">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)&oldid=1259523219</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Redirect-Class_physics_articles" title="Category:Redirect-Class physics articles">Redirect-Class physics articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:NA-importance_physics_articles" title="Category:NA-importance physics articles">NA-importance physics articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Redirect-Class_physics_articles_of_NA-importance" title="Category:Redirect-Class physics articles of NA-importance">Redirect-Class physics articles of NA-importance</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Redirect-Class_physics_history_articles" title="Category:Redirect-Class physics history articles">Redirect-Class physics history articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Physics_history_articles" title="Category:Physics history articles">Physics history articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:NA-Class_history_of_science_articles" title="Category:NA-Class history of science articles">NA-Class history of science articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:NA-importance_history_of_science_articles" title="Category:NA-importance history of science articles">NA-importance history of science articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:WikiProject_History_of_Science_articles" title="Category:WikiProject History of Science articles">WikiProject History of Science articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:NA-Class_psychology_articles" title="Category:NA-Class psychology articles">NA-Class psychology articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:NA-importance_psychology_articles" title="Category:NA-importance psychology articles">NA-importance psychology articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:WikiProject_Psychology_articles" title="Category:WikiProject Psychology articles">WikiProject Psychology articles</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 25 November 2024, at 17:09<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5f58cd8b6-k795d","wgBackendResponseTime":150,"wgDiscussionToolsPageThreads":[{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Kvng-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Not_to_be_confused_with-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z","replies":[{"timestamp":"2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z","author":"Kvng","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Kvng-2012-07-02T20:46:00.000Z-Not_to_be_confused_with","replies":[]}]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z","replies":[{"timestamp":"2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z","author":"PaulTanenbaum","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z-More_properly_an_effect_than_a_force?","replies":[{"timestamp":"2013-02-20T05:33:00.000Z","author":"FyzixFighter","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-FyzixFighter-2013-02-20T05:33:00.000Z-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z","replies":[]},{"timestamp":"2013-02-20T05:49:00.000Z","author":"Dicklyon","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Dicklyon-2013-02-20T05:49:00.000Z-PaulTanenbaum-2013-02-19T20:57:00.000Z","replies":[]}]}]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Acceleration_Derivation-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z","replies":[{"timestamp":"2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z","author":"222.221.253.76","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z-Acceleration_Derivation","replies":[{"timestamp":"2013-03-06T12:47:00.000Z","author":"DVdm","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-DVdm-2013-03-06T12:47:00.000Z-222.221.253.76-2013-03-06T02:13:00.000Z","replies":[]}]}]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Montyv-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_t-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z","replies":[{"timestamp":"2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z","author":"Montyv","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Montyv-2015-05-31T17:32:00.000Z-It's_the_rotation_of_the_direction_of_the_velocity_vector_that_matters,_not_of_t","replies":[]}]}],"wgPageParseReport":{"discussiontools":{"limitreport-timeusage":"0.019"},"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.336","walltime":"0.467","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1388,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":55233,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1353,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":31,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":30335,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 338.356 1 -total"," 38.00% 128.590 1 Template:WikiProject_banner_shell"," 28.37% 95.985 1 Template:Archives"," 26.87% 90.918 1 Template:Talk_header"," 19.51% 66.016 1 Template:WikiProject_Physics"," 17.16% 58.053 11 Template:Th/abp"," 8.25% 27.910 1 Template:Find_sources"," 7.87% 26.642 9 Template:Tmpv"," 5.91% 20.012 2 Template:Pagetype"," 5.85% 19.798 11 Template:HasTemplate"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.162","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":3374446,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-759d5489db-vc5kz","timestamp":"20241202184825","ttl":864000,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> </body> </html>