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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Clock" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clock"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Clock</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clock-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_component_towers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_component_towers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>List of component towers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_component_towers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Features</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Features-sublist" class="cdx-button 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subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Incidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Construction_fires" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Construction_fires"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Construction fires</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Construction_fires-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Controversy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">The Clock Towers</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 59 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-59" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">59 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al-Bait-toring" title="Abraj Al-Bait-toring – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Abraj Al-Bait-toring" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A9" title="أبراج الساعة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أبراج الساعة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait" title="Abraj Al Bait – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Abraj Al Bait" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fbr%C9%99c_%C6%8Flbeyt_Q%C3%BCll%C9%99l%C9%99ri" title="Əbrəc Əlbeyt Qüllələri – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əbrəc Əlbeyt Qüllələri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A4" title="আবরাজুল বাইত – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আবরাজুল বাইত" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82" title="Абрадж аль-Бейт – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Абрадж аль-Бейт" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82" title="Абрадж ал-Бейт – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Абрадж ал-Бейт" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al-Bait" title="Abraj Al-Bait – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Abraj Al-Bait" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abr%C3%A1d%C5%BE_Al-Bajt" title="Abrádž Al-Bajt – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Abrádž Al-Bajt" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait" title="Abraj Al Bait – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Abraj Al Bait" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al-Bait" title="Abraj Al-Bait – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Abraj Al-Bait" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al-Bait" title="Abraj Al-Bait – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Abraj Al-Bait" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turoj_Abra%C4%9D_al-Bajt" title="Turoj Abraĝ al-Bajt – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Turoj Abraĝ al-Bajt" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait_dorreak" title="Abraj Al Bait dorreak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Abraj Al Bait dorreak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="ابراج البیت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ابراج البیت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait_Towers" title="Abraj Al Bait Towers – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Abraj Al Bait Towers" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%A6%88_%EC%95%8C_%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%ED%8A%B8" title="아브라즈 알 바이트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아브라즈 알 바이트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait" title="Abraj Al Bait – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Abraj Al Bait" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A2%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BB_%D5%A1%D5%AC-%D4%B2%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%A9" title="Աբրաջ ալ-Բեյթ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Աբրաջ ալ-Բեյթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="अब्राज अल बेयत टावर्स – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अब्राज अल बेयत टावर्स" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrad%C5%BE_al-Bait" title="Abradž al-Bait – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Abradž al-Bait" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menara_Abraj_Al_Bait" title="Menara Abraj Al Bait – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Menara Abraj Al Bait" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait" title="Abraj Al Bait – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Abraj Al Bait" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%92%27_%D7%90%D7%9C-%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA" title="אבראג' אל-בית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אבראג' אל-בית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menara_Abraj_Al_Bait" title="Menara Abraj Al Bait – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Menara Abraj Al Bait" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6_%D3%99%D0%BB-%D0%91%D3%99%D0%B9%D1%82" title="Абраж әл-Бәйт – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Абраж әл-Бәйт" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abr%C3%A1dzs_al-Bajt" title="Abrádzs al-Bajt – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Abrádzs al-Bajt" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="अब्राज अल बेयत टावर्स – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="अब्राज अल बेयत टावर्स" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%85%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC" title="അബ്രാജ് അൽ ബൈത് ടവർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അബ്രാജ് അൽ ബൈത് ടവർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A4" title="अब्राज अल बैत – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अब्राज अल बैत" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="ابراج البيت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ابراج البيت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menara_Abraj_Al_Bait" title="Menara Abraj Al Bait – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Menara Abraj Al Bait" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait-toren" title="Abraj Al Bait-toren – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Abraj Al Bait-toren" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%99%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA" title="アブラージュ・アル・ベイト・タワーズ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アブラージュ・アル・ベイト・タワーズ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait" title="Abraj Al Bait – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Abraj Al Bait" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_al_Bayt" title="Abraj al Bayt – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Abraj al Bayt" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="ابراج البیت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ابراج البیت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="ابراج البيت – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ابراج البيت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrad%C5%BC_al-Bajt" title="Abradż al-Bajt – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Abradż al-Bajt" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait" title="Abraj Al Bait – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Abraj Al Bait" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82" title="Абрадж аль-Бейт – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Абрадж аль-Бейт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait" title="Abraj Al Bait – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Abraj Al Bait" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulla_e_Sahatit_n%C3%AB_Mek%C3%AB" title="Kulla e Sahatit në Mekë – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kulla e Sahatit në Mekë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait" title="Abraj Al Bait – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Abraj Al Bait" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abr%C3%A1d%C5%BE_al-Bajt" title="Abrádž al-Bajt – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Abrádž al-Bajt" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrad%C5%BE_Al_Bait" title="Abradž Al Bait – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Abradž Al Bait" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait_Towers" title="Abraj Al Bait Towers – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Abraj Al Bait Towers" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_al-Bayt" title="Abraj al-Bayt – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Abraj al-Bayt" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9C%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="அப்ராஜ் அல் பைத் கோபுரம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அப்ராஜ் அல் பைத் கோபுரம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D" title="అబ్రాజ్ అల్ బెయిట్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అబ్రాజ్ అల్ బెయిట్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="อับรอญุลบัยต์ทาวเวอร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อับรอญุลบัยต์ทาวเวอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D2%B7%D1%83-%D0%BB-%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82" title="Аброҷу-л-Байт – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Аброҷу-л-Байт" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebrac_el-Beyt" title="Ebrac el-Beyt – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ebrac el-Beyt" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82" title="Абрадж аль-Бейт – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Абрадж аль-Бейт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="ابراج البیت – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ابراج البیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Clock_Towers" title="The Clock Towers – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="The Clock Towers" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%8A%A0%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E9%92%9F%E5%A1%94%E9%A5%AD%E5%BA%97" title="麦加皇家钟塔饭店 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="麦加皇家钟塔饭店" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E5%8A%A0%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E9%90%98%E5%A1%94%E9%A3%AF%E5%BA%97" title="麥加皇家鐘塔飯店 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="麥加皇家鐘塔飯店" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%8A%A0%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E9%92%9F%E5%A1%94%E9%A5%AD%E5%BA%97" title="麦加皇家钟塔饭店 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="麦加皇家钟塔饭店" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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class="latitude">21°25′8″N</span> <span class="longitude">39°49′35″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">21.41889°N 39.82639°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">21.41889; 39.82639</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">The Clock Towers</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname" lang="ar"><b>أبراج الساعة</b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Abraj-al-Bait-Towers.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f4/Abraj-al-Bait-Towers.JPG/250px-Abraj-al-Bait-Towers.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f4/Abraj-al-Bait-Towers.JPG/375px-Abraj-al-Bait-Towers.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f4/Abraj-al-Bait-Towers.JPG/500px-Abraj-al-Bait-Towers.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3216" data-file-height="4288" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="13" data-overlays="["_4840978d2611951ca30a01a931f8e7b23a7217b2"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=The_Clock_Towers&revid=1259445422&groups=_4840978d2611951ca30a01a931f8e7b23a7217b2" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=The_Clock_Towers&revid=1259445422&groups=_4840978d2611951ca30a01a931f8e7b23a7217b2 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Record height</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Tallest in <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> since 2012<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_talleststatus"><a href="#endnote_talleststatus">[I]</a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_Centre" title="Kingdom Centre">Kingdom Centre</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data category"><span style="color:green;">Completed</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category">Mixed use:<br />Hotel, Residential</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architectural style</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Postmodern_architecture" title="Postmodern architecture">Postmodern</a><br /><a href="/wiki/New_Classical_architecture" title="New Classical architecture">New Classical</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>, Saudi Arabia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">Saudi Arabia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Construction started</th><td class="infobox-data">2002<span class="noprint">; 22 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2002</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Completed</th><td class="infobox-data">2011<span class="noprint">; 13 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2011</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opening</th><td class="infobox-data">2012<span class="noprint">; 12 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2012</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cost</th><td class="infobox-data">US$15 billion<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Height</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architectural</th><td class="infobox-data">601 m (1,972 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tip</th><td class="infobox-data">601 m (1,972 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Antenna spire</th><td class="infobox-data">93 metres (305 feet)<sup id="cite_ref-spire93m_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spire93m-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-diagram93m_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diagram93m-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Roof</th><td class="infobox-data">508 m (1,667 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-spire93m_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spire93m-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-diagram93m_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diagram93m-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Top floor</th><td class="infobox-data">494 m (1,621 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-skyscraperCenter_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-skyscraperCenter-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Observatory</th><td class="infobox-data">484.4 m (1,589 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-skyscraperCenter_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-skyscraperCenter-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Technical details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Material</th><td class="infobox-data category">main structural system: <a href="/wiki/Reinforced_concrete" title="Reinforced concrete">reinforced concrete</a> (lower part), steel/concrete composite construction, steel construction (upper part);<br /> cladding: <a href="/wiki/Glass" title="Glass">glass</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marble" title="Marble">marble</a>, natural stone, carbon-/glass-<a href="/wiki/Fibre-reinforced_plastic" title="Fibre-reinforced plastic">fibre-reinforced plastic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Floor count</th><td class="infobox-data">120<sup id="cite_ref-skyscrapercenter.com_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-skyscrapercenter.com-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Clock Tower)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Floor area</th><td class="infobox-data">Tower: 310,638 m<sup>2</sup> (3,343,680 sq ft)<br />Development: 1,575,815 m<sup>2</sup> (16,961,930 sq ft)<sup id="cite_ref-skyscraperCenter_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-skyscraperCenter-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (389.4 acres)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lifts/elevators</th><td class="infobox-data">96 (Clock Tower with mall included)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Design and construction</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architect(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/SL_Rasch_GmbH_Special_and_Lightweight_Structures" title="SL Rasch GmbH Special and Lightweight Structures">SL Rasch GmbH</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dar_Al-Handasah" title="Dar Al-Handasah">Dar Al-Handasah</a> Architects</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Structural engineer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/SL_Rasch_GmbH_Special_and_Lightweight_Structures" title="SL Rasch GmbH Special and Lightweight Structures">SL Rasch GmbH</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dar_Al-Handasah" title="Dar Al-Handasah">Dar Al-Handasah</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Main contractor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Binladin_Group" title="Saudi Binladin Group">Saudi Binladin Group</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://theclocktowers.com/">https://theclocktowers.com/</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>The Clock Towers</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أبراج الساعة</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">ʾAbrāj al-Sāʿaẗ</i></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'Towers of the Clock', formerly known as <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أبراج البيت</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">ʾAbrāj al-Bayt</i></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'Towers of the House'), is a <a href="/wiki/State_ownership" title="State ownership">government-owned</a> complex of seven <a href="/wiki/Skyscraper" title="Skyscraper">skyscraper</a> <a href="/wiki/Hotel" title="Hotel">hotels</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>. These towers are part of the <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_of_Saudi_Arabia#Domestic_affairs" title="Abdullah of Saudi Arabia">King Abdulaziz Endowment Project</a> that aims to modernize the city in catering to its pilgrims. The central hotel tower, which is the <b>Makkah Clock Royal Tower</b>, is the fourth-tallest building and sixth-<a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_freestanding_structures" title="List of tallest freestanding structures">tallest freestanding structure in the world</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The clock tower contains the <a href="/wiki/Clock_Tower_Museum" title="Clock Tower Museum">Clock Tower Museum</a> that occupies the top four floors of the tower.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The building complex is 300 metres away from the world's largest <a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">mosque</a> and <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Holiest_sites_in_Islam" title="Holiest sites in Islam">most sacred site</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Mecca" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Mosque of Mecca">Great Mosque of Mecca</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The developer and contractor of the complex is the <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Binladin_Group" title="Saudi Binladin Group">Saudi Binladin Group</a>, the Kingdom's largest <a href="/wiki/Construction_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Construction company">construction company</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-skyscraperCenter_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-skyscraperCenter-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the world's second most expensive building<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Is there a reliable source to use? (September 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> , with the total cost of construction totaling US$15 billion. The complex was built after the demolition of the <a href="/wiki/Ajyad_Fortress" title="Ajyad Fortress">Ajyad Fortress</a>, the 18th-century <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> citadel on top of a hill overlooking the Grand Mosque.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_early_Islamic_heritage_sites_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Destruction of early Islamic heritage sites in Saudi Arabia">destruction of the historically significant site</a> in 2002 by the <a href="/wiki/Saudi_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi government">Saudi government</a> sparked an outcry and a strong reaction from Turkey.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Clock_Towers&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abraj_al_bait_Clock_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9f/Abraj_al_bait_Clock_3.jpg/220px-Abraj_al_bait_Clock_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9f/Abraj_al_bait_Clock_3.jpg/330px-Abraj_al_bait_Clock_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9f/Abraj_al_bait_Clock_3.jpg/440px-Abraj_al_bait_Clock_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Largest clock in the world</figcaption></figure> <p>The tallest tower in the complex is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of tallest buildings in Saudi Arabia">tallest building in Saudi Arabia</a>, at 601 meters (1,972 feet) and a total surface area of 32,000 square meters. It is the sixth-tallest freestanding structure in the world, surpassing the <a href="/wiki/Ping_An_Finance_Centre" title="Ping An Finance Centre">Ping An Finance Centre</a> in <a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen, China</a> but shorter than the <a href="/wiki/Burj_Khalifa" title="Burj Khalifa">Burj Khalifa</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai, UAE</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Merdeka_118" title="Merdeka 118">Merdeka 118</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur,_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia">Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Skytree" title="Tokyo Skytree">Tokyo Skytree</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo,_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyo, Japan">Tokyo, Japan</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Tower" title="Shanghai Tower">Shanghai Tower</a> in <a href="/wiki/Shanghai,_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Shanghai, China">Shanghai, China</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Canton_Tower" title="Canton Tower">Canton Tower</a> in <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou,_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Guangzhou, China">Guangzhou, China</a>. </p><p>The site of the complex is across the piazza to the south from the main entrance (King Abdul-Aziz Gate) to the <a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram">Masjid al Haram mosque</a>, which houses the <a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a>. It accommodates worshippers visiting the Kaaba. The tallest tower in the complex also contains a five-star hotel, operated by Fairmont Hotels and Resorts, to help provide lodging for the millions of pilgrims that travel to Mecca annually to participate in the Hajj. </p><p>In addition, The Clock Towers has a five-story shopping mall (The Clock Towers Shopping Center) and a parking garage capable of holding over a thousand vehicles. </p><p>The building was planned to be 734 m (2,408 ft) tall in 2006. In 2009, it was published that the final height would be 601 m (1,972 ft). The complex was built by the Saudi Binladin Group, Saudi Arabia's largest construction company. The façade was constructed by Premiere Composite Technologies, and the clock by German tower clock manufacturer PERROT GmbH & Co. KG Turmuhren und Läuteanlagen. According to the Saudi Ministry of Religious Endowments, the overall project cost US$15 billion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clock">Clock</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Clock_Towers&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Clock"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The project uses clock faces for each side of the main hotel tower. The total height of the clock is 57 m (187 ft), just below the media displays under the clock faces. At 43 m × 43 m (141 ft × 141 ft), these are the largest in the world. The roof of the clock is 450 m (1,480 ft) above the ground, making it the world's most elevated architectural clock. A spire has been added on top of the clock giving it a total height of 601 m (1,972 ft). Behind the clock faces, there is an astronomy exhibition. In the spire base and the iron-covered floors (The Jewel) there is a scientific center that is used to sight the moon at the beginning of the Islamic months, and to operate an atomic clock that controls the tower clock faces. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_component_towers">List of component towers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Clock_Towers&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: List of component towers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Tower</th> <th>Height</th> <th>Floors</th> <th>Completion</th> <th>Tenants </th></tr> <tr> <th>The Clock Towers </th> <td>601 m (1,972 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>120<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2012<sup id="cite_ref-skyscraperCenter_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-skyscraperCenter-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fairmont_Hotels_and_Resorts" title="Fairmont Hotels and Resorts">Fairmont</a> Makkah Clock Royal Tower Hotel </td></tr> <tr> <th>Hajar (The mother of Prophet <a href="/wiki/Ishmael" title="Ishmael">Ishmael</a>) </th> <td>279 m (915 ft) </td> <td>58 </td> <td>2012 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B6venpick_Hotel" class="mw-redirect" title="Mövenpick Hotel">Mövenpick Hotel</a> & Residences Hajar Tower Makkah </td></tr> <tr> <th>Zamzam (The Holy Well from which the Blessed Water sprang out) </th> <td>279 m (915 ft) </td> <td>58 </td> <td>2012 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pullman_Hotels_and_Resorts" title="Pullman Hotels and Resorts">Pullman</a> ZamZam Makkah Hotel </td></tr> <tr> <th>Maqam Ibrahim (An enshrined rock that is said to contain the footprints of the Prophet <a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam" title="Abraham in Islam">Abraham</a>) </th> <td>232 m (761 ft) </td> <td>61<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Swiss%C3%B4tel" title="Swissôtel">Swissôtel</a> al Maqam Makkah </td></tr> <tr> <th>Qibla (The direction of prayer pointing towards the Kaaba in Mecca) </th> <td>232 m (761 ft) </td> <td>61<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>Swissôtel Makkah </td></tr> <tr> <th>Safa (A hill within the Al-Masjid Al-Haram) </th> <td>220 m (720 ft) </td> <td>46 </td> <td>2007 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Raffles_Hotels_%26_Resorts" title="Raffles Hotels & Resorts">Raffles</a> Makkah Palace Hotel </td></tr> <tr> <th>Marwah (A hill within the Al-Masjid Al-Haram) </th> <td>220 m (720 ft) </td> <td>46 </td> <td>2008<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Al Marwa Rayhaan by <a href="/wiki/Rotana_Hotels" title="Rotana Hotels">Rotana</a> - Makkah Hotel </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Clock_Towers&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abraj_al_bait_closeup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f8/Abraj_al_bait_closeup.jpg/220px-Abraj_al_bait_closeup.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f8/Abraj_al_bait_closeup.jpg/330px-Abraj_al_bait_closeup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f8/Abraj_al_bait_closeup.jpg/440px-Abraj_al_bait_closeup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Abraj al Bait's architecture has fine detail</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-right"><div><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abraj_al_bait_closeup_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f0/Abraj_al_bait_closeup_2.jpg/170px-Abraj_al_bait_closeup_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f0/Abraj_al_bait_closeup_2.jpg/255px-Abraj_al_bait_closeup_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f0/Abraj_al_bait_closeup_2.jpg/340px-Abraj_al_bait_closeup_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2588" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Abraj al Bait cladding</figcaption></figure></div></div> <p>The building is topped by a four-faced clock, visible from 25 kilometres (16 miles) away. The clock is the highest in the world at over 400 m (1,300 ft) above the ground, surpassing the <a href="/wiki/Rockwell_Automation_Headquarters_and_Allen-Bradley_Clock_Tower" title="Rockwell Automation Headquarters and Allen-Bradley Clock Tower">Allen-Bradley clock tower</a> in <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a>. The clock faces are the largest in the world, surpassing the <a href="/wiki/Istanbul_Cevahir" title="Istanbul Cevahir">Cevahir Mall</a> clock in <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>. </p><p>Each of the clock's four faces measures 43 m (141 ft) in diameter and are illuminated by 2 million LED lights, with four oriented edges, just above the clock alongside huge Arabic script reading: "<a href="/wiki/Takbir" title="Takbir">God is [the] greatest</a>" on the north and south faces and on the west and east "<a href="/wiki/Shahada" title="Shahada">There is no god but Allah. Muhammad is the messenger of God.</a>" Four golden domes on pillars on all the corners are also present. The same as the <a href="/wiki/Saudi_flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi flag">Saudi flag</a>, fitted at the top of the clock, flash to signal Islam's five-time daily prayers. On special occasions such as new year, 21,000 green and white xenon bulbs and LED lamps during the call to the five prayers times of the day. On special occasions, 40 beacon lights create lighting effects. In addition, strong lasers throw their rays 30 kilometers into the sky. The clock's four faces are covered with 98 million pieces of glass mosaics. The <a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Emblem of Saudi Arabia">Saudi coat of arms</a> is displayed at the center of each clock behind the dials. The minute hand is 23 m (75 ft) long, while the hour hand is 18 m (59 ft) long. </p><p>There were reports that the clock would be set to <a href="/wiki/Mecca_Time" title="Mecca Time">Mecca Time</a>, in an attempt to replace the IERS Reference Meridian as the prime meridian for global time keeping, but the clock is set to Arabia Standard Time (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B03:00" title="UTC+03:00">UTC+03:00</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spire">Spire</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Clock_Towers&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Spire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abraj_al_bait_Clock_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/63/Abraj_al_bait_Clock_1.jpg/170px-Abraj_al_bait_Clock_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/63/Abraj_al_bait_Clock_1.jpg/255px-Abraj_al_bait_Clock_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/63/Abraj_al_bait_Clock_1.jpg/340px-Abraj_al_bait_Clock_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4608" /></a><figcaption>Abraj al Bait clock and spire</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Comparison_four_face_clocks.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/08/Comparison_four_face_clocks.jpg/220px-Comparison_four_face_clocks.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/08/Comparison_four_face_clocks.jpg/330px-Comparison_four_face_clocks.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/08/Comparison_four_face_clocks.jpg/440px-Comparison_four_face_clocks.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Comparison of some notable four-face clocks at the same scale. <table border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td nowrap="" style="vertical-align:top;">Top-left:</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Life_Insurance_Company_Tower" title="Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower">Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td nowrap="" style="vertical-align:top;">Bottom-left:</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Allen-Bradley_Clock_Tower" class="mw-redirect" title="Allen-Bradley Clock Tower">Allen-Bradley Clock Tower</a> (previous record holder) </td></tr> <tr> <td nowrap="" style="vertical-align:top;">Middle:</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait" class="mw-redirect" title="Abraj Al Bait">Abraj Al Bait</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td nowrap="" style="vertical-align:top;">Top-right:</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Big_Ben" title="Big Ben">Big Ben</a> Clock Tower </td></tr> <tr> <td nowrap="" style="vertical-align:top;">Bottom-right:</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kremlin_Clock" title="Kremlin Clock">Kremlin Clock</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></figcaption></figure> <p>The spire has an eight-story glass-covered base (The Jewel) which belongs to a scientific center having its own small exhibition, another observation deck at 484 m (1,587.93 ft). The highest floor in The Jewel is the Control Tower Floor, which was planned to be used for controlling air traffic in the sky above Mecca (mainly helicopters as airplanes are not allowed near Mecca). However, this was skipped for technical reasons and the future usage is not clear yet. Above from The Jewel, the spire has only technical installations for sound, light, and other infrastructure and eventually the last viewing deck and the crescent above it. The crescent has two regular floors with living areas and a few service floors and rooms. </p><p>The crescent was constructed in <a href="/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai</a> in April 2011. It is made of fiberglass-backed <a href="/wiki/Mosaic_gold" title="Mosaic gold">mosaic gold</a>, and it weighs up to 35 tonnes. It cost 90 million <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates_dirham" title="United Arab Emirates dirham">United Arab Emirates dirhams</a> and took three months to build. </p><p>The minaret and its base have loudspeakers which broadcast prayer calls to a distance of 7 km away and across an area of approximately 160 km<sup>2</sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Incidents">Incidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Clock_Towers&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Incidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Construction_fires">Construction fires</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Clock_Towers&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Construction fires"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Clock Towers complex had two fire incidents during construction. The first fire accident was at Hajar Tower on 28 October 2008. It took 400 firefighters to put out the fire, which burned for 10 hours, consuming nine floors of the tower.<sup id="cite_ref-Sheqdar_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sheqdar-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to eyewitness reports, the blaze erupted shortly after midnight, and spread rapidly because of wood used for construction stored in the premises. Soon, the entire building was engulfed in smoke. Hospitals were put on high alert, but no injuries were reported. A civil defence spokesman claimed the fire started on the 32nd floor of the Hajar Tower.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The second fire struck the Safa Tower on 1 May 2009. No deaths or injuries were reported in the blaze which was quickly contained by Civil Defence. Eyewitnesses said the fire broke out soon after <a href="/wiki/Asr_prayer" title="Asr prayer">Asr prayer</a> while some workers in the building were welding iron rods on wooden scaffoldings. The fire damaged a large part of the under-construction tower. According to Major General Adel Zamzami, director general of Civil Defence in the Mecca province, the fire broke out at the 14th floor and reached up to the 20th floor.<sup id="cite_ref-Sheqdar_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sheqdar-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Controversy">Controversy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Clock_Towers&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_early_Islamic_heritage_sites_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Destruction of early Islamic heritage sites in Saudi Arabia">Destruction of early Islamic heritage sites in Saudi Arabia</a></div> <p>The location chosen for the towers was the historic 18th-century <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> <a href="/wiki/Ajyad_Fortress" title="Ajyad Fortress">Ajyad Fortress</a>, which many locals consider to be a symbol of <a href="/wiki/Arab_Revolt" title="Arab Revolt">Ottoman oppression</a>. The fortress was demolished to make way for the complex.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The development has been criticized by <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> for having "transformed a type of architecture that evolved from a dense urban grain of low-rise courtyards and narrow streets into ... an endlessly repeatable pattern for the decoration of standardized [concrete] slab(s)".<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Clock_Towers&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Abraj_Al_Bait_Tower.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Abraj al Bait Tower from Haram Piaza"><img alt="Abraj al Bait Tower from Haram Piaza" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a6/Abraj_Al_Bait_Tower.jpg/90px-Abraj_Al_Bait_Tower.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a6/Abraj_Al_Bait_Tower.jpg/135px-Abraj_Al_Bait_Tower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a6/Abraj_Al_Bait_Tower.jpg/180px-Abraj_Al_Bait_Tower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Abraj al Bait Tower from Haram Piaza</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clock_Tower_Makkah.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Clock Face on a sunny day"><img alt="Clock Face on a sunny day" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c6/Clock_Tower_Makkah.jpg/89px-Clock_Tower_Makkah.jpg" decoding="async" width="89" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c6/Clock_Tower_Makkah.jpg/134px-Clock_Tower_Makkah.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c6/Clock_Tower_Makkah.jpg/179px-Clock_Tower_Makkah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1384" data-file-height="1854" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Clock Face on a sunny day</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Makkah_Clock_Tower.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Abraj al Bait Tower from Haram Courtyard"><img alt="Abraj al Bait Tower from Haram Courtyard" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/38/Makkah_Clock_Tower.jpg/90px-Makkah_Clock_Tower.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/38/Makkah_Clock_Tower.jpg/135px-Makkah_Clock_Tower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/38/Makkah_Clock_Tower.jpg/180px-Makkah_Clock_Tower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Abraj al Bait Tower from Haram Courtyard</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clock_Tower_Makkah_in_early_morning.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Clock Tower in early morning"><img alt="Clock Tower in early morning" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a9/Clock_Tower_Makkah_in_early_morning.jpg/90px-Clock_Tower_Makkah_in_early_morning.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a9/Clock_Tower_Makkah_in_early_morning.jpg/135px-Clock_Tower_Makkah_in_early_morning.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a9/Clock_Tower_Makkah_in_early_morning.jpg/180px-Clock_Tower_Makkah_in_early_morning.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Clock Tower in early morning</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clock_Tower_Makkah_in_morning.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Clock Tower in the evening"><img alt="Clock Tower in the evening" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2e/Clock_Tower_Makkah_in_morning.jpg/90px-Clock_Tower_Makkah_in_morning.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2e/Clock_Tower_Makkah_in_morning.jpg/134px-Clock_Tower_Makkah_in_morning.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2e/Clock_Tower_Makkah_in_morning.jpg/179px-Clock_Tower_Makkah_in_morning.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2249" data-file-height="3007" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Clock Tower in the evening</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clock_Tower_Makkah_from_Marwa.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Clock Tower as seen from Mount Marwa"><img alt="Clock Tower as seen from Mount Marwa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/30/Clock_Tower_Makkah_from_Marwa.jpg/120px-Clock_Tower_Makkah_from_Marwa.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/30/Clock_Tower_Makkah_from_Marwa.jpg/180px-Clock_Tower_Makkah_from_Marwa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/30/Clock_Tower_Makkah_from_Marwa.jpg/240px-Clock_Tower_Makkah_from_Marwa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4433" data-file-height="3325" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Clock Tower as seen from Mount Marwa</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clock_Tower_Makkah_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Abraj al Bait from another angle"><img alt="Abraj al Bait from another angle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/86/Clock_Tower_Makkah_2.jpg/120px-Clock_Tower_Makkah_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/86/Clock_Tower_Makkah_2.jpg/180px-Clock_Tower_Makkah_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/86/Clock_Tower_Makkah_2.jpg/240px-Clock_Tower_Makkah_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Abraj al Bait from another angle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Haram_Piaza.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Clock Tower as seen from Haram King Abdullah Expansion"><img alt="Clock Tower as seen from Haram King Abdullah Expansion" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/67/Haram_Piaza.jpg/120px-Haram_Piaza.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/67/Haram_Piaza.jpg/180px-Haram_Piaza.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/67/Haram_Piaza.jpg/240px-Haram_Piaza.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Clock Tower as seen from Haram King Abdullah Expansion</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Overlooking_Clock_Tower.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Clock Tower looking tall."><img alt="Clock Tower looking tall." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a7/Overlooking_Clock_Tower.jpg/120px-Overlooking_Clock_Tower.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a7/Overlooking_Clock_Tower.jpg/180px-Overlooking_Clock_Tower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a7/Overlooking_Clock_Tower.jpg/240px-Overlooking_Clock_Tower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Clock Tower looking tall.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Abraj_Al_Bait_Towers.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Clock Tower at dawn"><img alt="Clock Tower at dawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f6/Abraj_Al_Bait_Towers.jpg/90px-Abraj_Al_Bait_Towers.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f6/Abraj_Al_Bait_Towers.jpg/135px-Abraj_Al_Bait_Towers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f6/Abraj_Al_Bait_Towers.jpg/180px-Abraj_Al_Bait_Towers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Clock Tower at dawn</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%A3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Clock Tower at night"><img alt="Clock Tower at night" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%A3.jpg/120px-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%A3.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%A3.jpg/180px-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%A3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%A3.jpg/240px-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%A3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Clock Tower at night</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ClockTower_Makkah.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ground level view of Clock Tower"><img alt="Ground level view of Clock Tower" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/86/ClockTower_Makkah.jpg/98px-ClockTower_Makkah.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/86/ClockTower_Makkah.jpg/147px-ClockTower_Makkah.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/86/ClockTower_Makkah.jpg/196px-ClockTower_Makkah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3002" data-file-height="3675" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ground level view of Clock Tower</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Clock_Towers&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span 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portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/48px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/64px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Saudi_Arabia" title="Portal:Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_buildings_with_100_floors_or_more" title="List of buildings with 100 floors or more">List of buildings with 100 floors or more</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of tallest buildings in Saudi Arabia">List of tallest buildings in Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings" title="List of tallest buildings">List of tallest buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_buildings" title="List of largest buildings">List of largest buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_hotels" title="List of largest hotels">List of largest hotels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_hotels" title="List of tallest hotels">List of tallest hotels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_clock_faces" title="List of largest clock faces">List of largest clock faces</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Clock_Towers&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span 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reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-spire93m-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-spire93m_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-spire93m_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc-usa.com/projects/makkah-clock-royal-tower">"Makkah Clock Royal Tower"</a>. <i>Curtainwall Design Consulting</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Curtainwall+Design+Consulting&rft.atitle=Makkah+Clock+Royal+Tower&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc-usa.com%2Fprojects%2Fmakkah-clock-royal-tower&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Clock+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-diagram93m-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-diagram93m_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-diagram93m_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://farm5.static.flickr.com/4148/5094808586_9d61f6fbf7_o.jpg">https://farm5.static.flickr.com/4148/5094808586_9d61f6fbf7_o.jpg</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this image file is required to prevent link rot. (August 2024)">bare URL image file</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-skyscrapercenter.com-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-skyscrapercenter.com_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://skyscrapercenter.com/building/makkah-royal-clock-tower/84">"Makkah Royal Clock Tower - The Skyscraper Center"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Makkah+Royal+Clock+Tower+-+The+Skyscraper+Center&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fskyscrapercenter.com%2Fbuilding%2Fmakkah-royal-clock-tower%2F84&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Clock+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://travel.cnn.com/modern-architectural-wonders-middle-east-750096/">- The Clock Towers</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711181631/http://travel.cnn.com/modern-architectural-wonders-middle-east-750096/">Archived</a> 11 July 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Abraj Al Bait Towers, Mecca, Saudi Arabia</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://skyscrapercenter.com/building/makkah-royal-clock-tower/84">"Makkah Royal Clock Tower - The Skyscraper Center"</a>. <i>skyscrapercenter.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=skyscrapercenter.com&rft.atitle=Makkah+Royal+Clock+Tower+-+The+Skyscraper+Center&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fskyscrapercenter.com%2Fbuilding%2Fmakkah-royal-clock-tower%2F84&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Clock+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-skyscraperCenter-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-skyscraperCenter_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-skyscraperCenter_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-skyscraperCenter_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-skyscraperCenter_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-skyscraperCenter_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140328212835/http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/mecca/makkah-royal-clock-tower-hotel">"Makkah Clock Royal Tower, A Fairmont Hotel - The Skyscraper Center"</a>. <i>Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+Eye&rft.atitle=How+Saudi+Arabia+obliterated+its+rich+cultural+history&rft.date=2020-12-20&rft.aulast=Bsheer&rft.aufirst=Rosie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.middleeasteye.net%2Fopinion%2Fsaudi-arabia-obliterated-rich-cultural-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Clock+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/683873-tallest-clock-tower">"Tallest Clock Tower"</a>. <i>Guinness World Records</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Guinness+World+Records&rft.atitle=Tallest+Clock+Tower&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.guinnessworldrecords.com%2Fworld-records%2F683873-tallest-clock-tower&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Clock+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2002/01/09/world/world-briefing-middle-east-saudi-arabia-historic-fortress-destroyed.html">"Historic Fortress Destroyed"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 9 January 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Historic+Fortress+Destroyed&rft.date=2002-01-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2002%2F01%2F09%2Fworld%2Fworld-briefing-middle-east-saudi-arabia-historic-fortress-destroyed.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Clock+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabnews.com/node/217526">"Historic Makkah fortress demolished"</a>. Arab News. 9 January 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved 14 December 2022</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fairmont.com/makkah/">"Best Luxury Hotel Makkah - Fairmont Makkah Clock Royal Tower"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Best+Luxury+Hotel+Makkah+-+Fairmont+Makkah+Clock+Royal+Tower&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fairmont.com%2Fmakkah%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Clock+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://skyscrapercenter.com/building/abraj-al-bait-maqam-tower/5276">"Abraj Al Bait Maqam Tower - The Skyscraper Center"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Abraj+Al+Bait+Maqam+Tower+-+The+Skyscraper+Center&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fskyscrapercenter.com%2Fbuilding%2Fabraj-al-bait-maqam-tower%2F5276&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Clock+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://skyscrapercenter.com/building/abraj-al-bait-qibla-tower/5277">"Abraj Al Bait Qibla Tower - The Skyscraper Center"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Abraj+Al+Bait+Qibla+Tower+-+The+Skyscraper+Center&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fskyscrapercenter.com%2Fbuilding%2Fabraj-al-bait-qibla-tower%2F5277&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Clock+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://skyscrapercenter.com/building/abraj-al-bait-marwah-tower/5278">"Abraj Al Bait Marwah Tower - The Skyscraper Center"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Abraj+Al+Bait+Marwah+Tower+-+The+Skyscraper+Center&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fskyscrapercenter.com%2Fbuilding%2Fabraj-al-bait-marwah-tower%2F5278&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Clock+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sheqdar-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sheqdar_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sheqdar_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ibtisam Sheqdar: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.arabnews.com/?page=1&section=0&article=122093&d=1&m=5&y=2009">"Fire damages Makkah tower"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120616055810/http://archive.arabnews.com/?page=1&section=0&article=122093&d=1&m=5&y=2009">Archived</a> 16 June 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Arab News, 1 May 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAl_Hakeem2008" class="citation web cs1">Al Hakeem, Mariam (21 October 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gulfnews.com/world/gulf/saudi/makkah-hotel-fire-under-investigation-1.138098">"Makkah hotel fire under investigation"</a>. <i>Gulf News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230420203300/https://gulfnews.com/world/gulf/saudi/makkah-hotel-fire-under-investigation-1.138098">Archived</a> from the original on 20 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gulf+News&rft.atitle=Makkah+hotel+fire+under+investigation&rft.date=2008-10-21&rft.aulast=Al+Hakeem&rft.aufirst=Mariam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgulfnews.com%2Fworld%2Fgulf%2Fsaudi%2Fmakkah-hotel-fire-under-investigation-1.138098&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Clock+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080407052040/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/shame-of-the-house-of-saud-shadows-over-mecca-474736.html">‘Shame of the House of Saud: Shadows over Mecca’</a>, <i>The Independent</i>, 19 April 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2012/oct/23/mecca-architecture-hajj1">"Mecca's mega architecture casts shadow over hajj as one Islamic rituals of a mandatory obligation that willing or capable"</a>. <i>the Guardian</i>. 23 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=the+Guardian&rft.atitle=Mecca%27s+mega+architecture+casts+shadow+over+hajj+as+one+Islamic+rituals+of+a+mandatory+obligation+that+willing+or+capable&rft.date=2012-10-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F2012%2Foct%2F23%2Fmecca-architecture-hajj1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Clock+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Clock_Towers&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Abraj_Al_Bait_Towers" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Abraj Al Bait Towers">Abraj Al Bait Towers</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/complex/169">"Abraj Al-Bait Endowment Complex"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Council_on_Tall_Buildings_and_Urban_Habitat" title="Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat"><abbr title="Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat">CTBUH</abbr> Skyscraper Center</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%3Cabbr+title%3D%22Council+on+Tall+Buildings+and+Urban+Habitat%22%3ECTBUH%3C%2Fabbr%3E+Skyscraper+Center&rft.atitle=Abraj+Al-Bait+Endowment+Complex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.skyscrapercenter.com%2Fcomplex%2F169&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Clock+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210425002914/https://www.emporis.com/buildings/221047">"Makkah Clock Royal Tower"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Emporis" title="Emporis">Emporis</a></i>. Archived from the original on 25 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Emporis&rft.atitle=Makkah+Clock+Royal+Tower&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.emporis.com%2Fbuildings%2F221047&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Clock+Towers" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2010/12/29/arts/design/mecca-ss.html">Reshaping Mecca</a>—slide show, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=34622">"Makkah Clock Royal Tower Hotel"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/SkyscraperPage" title="SkyscraperPage">SkyscraperPage</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SkyscraperPage&rft.atitle=Makkah+Clock+Royal+Tower+Hotel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fskyscraperpage.com%2Fcities%2F%3FbuildingID%3D34622&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Clock+Towers" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF179;">Records </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Capital_Market_Authority_Headquarters" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital Market Authority Headquarters">Capital Market Authority Headquarters</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of tallest buildings in Saudi Arabia">Tallest building in Saudi Arabia</a> </b><br />2012–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Current holder</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Supertall_skyscrapers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Supertall skyscrapers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Supertall_skyscrapers_(300_m/984_ft_and_taller)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_supertall_skyscrapers" title="List of supertall skyscrapers"> Supertall skyscrapers</a> (300 m/984 ft and taller)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Completed" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Completed</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Africa</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Egypt" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Egypt</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iconic_Tower_(Egypt)" title="Iconic Tower (Egypt)">Iconic Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Americas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Americas</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chile</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gran_Torre_Santiago" class="mw-redirect" title="Gran Torre Santiago">Gran Torre Santiago</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mexico</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Torres_Obispado" title="Torres Obispado">Torres Obispado</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1_Manhattan_West" class="mw-redirect" title="1 Manhattan West">1 Manhattan West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/111_West_57th_Street" title="111 West 57th Street">111 West 57th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_World_Trade_Center" title="3 World Trade Center">3 World Trade Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30_Hudson_Yards" title="30 Hudson Yards">30 Hudson Yards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/35_Hudson_Yards" title="35 Hudson Yards">35 Hudson Yards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/432_Park_Avenue" title="432 Park Avenue">432 Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50_Hudson_Yards" title="50 Hudson Yards">50 Hudson Yards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53W53" title="53W53">53W53</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hancock_Center" title="John Hancock Center">875 North Michigan Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aon_Center_(Chicago)" title="Aon Center (Chicago)">Aon Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_America_Plaza_(Atlanta)" title="Bank of America Plaza (Atlanta)">Bank of America Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_America_Tower_(Manhattan)" title="Bank of America Tower (Manhattan)">Bank of America Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Park_Tower" title="Central Park Tower">Central Park Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Building" title="Chrysler Building">Chrysler Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comcast_Technology_Center" title="Comcast Technology Center">Comcast Technology Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_State_Building" title="Empire State Building">Empire State Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Center_(Chicago)" title="Franklin Center (Chicago)">Franklin Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPMorgan_Chase_Tower_(Houston)" title="JPMorgan Chase Tower (Houston)">JPMorgan Chase Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One57" title="One57">One57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Vanderbilt" title="One Vanderbilt">One Vanderbilt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_World_Trade_Center" title="One World Trade Center">One World Trade Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salesforce_Tower" title="Salesforce Tower">Salesforce Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Regis_Chicago" title="St. Regis Chicago">St. Regis Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Brooklyn_Tower" title="The Brooklyn Tower">The Brooklyn Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Building" title="The New York Times Building">The New York Times Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Spiral_(New_York_City)" title="The Spiral (New York City)">The Spiral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_International_Hotel_and_Tower_(Chicago)" title="Trump International Hotel and Tower (Chicago)">Trump International Hotel and Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Prudential_Plaza" title="Two Prudential Plaza">Two Prudential Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Bank_Tower_(Los_Angeles)" title="U.S. Bank Tower (Los Angeles)">U.S. Bank Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wells_Fargo_Plaza_(Houston)" title="Wells Fargo Plaza (Houston)">Wells Fargo Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willis_Tower" title="Willis Tower">Willis Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilshire_Grand_Center" title="Wilshire Grand Center">Wilshire Grand Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_(1973%E2%80%932001)" title="World Trade Center (1973–2001)">World Trade Center (1973–2001)</a> <sup>†</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Asia</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">China</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baoneng_Center" title="Baoneng Center">Baoneng Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changsha_A9_Financial_District" title="Changsha A9 Financial District">Changsha A9 Financial District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changsha_IFS_Tower_T1" class="mw-redirect" title="Changsha IFS Tower T1">Changsha IFS Tower T1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Resources_Headquarters" title="China Resources Headquarters">China Resources Headquarters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_World_Trade_Center_Tower_III" title="China World Trade Center Tower III">China World Trade Center Tower III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Zun" title="China Zun">China Zun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chongqing_IFS_T1" title="Chongqing IFS T1">Chongqing IFS T1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chongqing_World_Financial_Center" title="Chongqing World Financial Center">Chongqing World Financial Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CITIC_Plaza" title="CITIC Plaza">CITIC Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citymark_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Citymark Centre">Citymark Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalian_International_Trade_Center" title="Dalian International Trade Center">Dalian International Trade Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwang_International_Fortune_Center" title="Diwang International Fortune Center">Diwang International Fortune Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongguan_International_Trade_Center_1" title="Dongguan International Trade Center 1">Dongguan International Trade Center 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Pacific_Center" title="East Pacific Center">East Pacific Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eton_Place_Dalian" title="Eton Place Dalian">Eton Place Dalian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortune_Center" title="Fortune Center">Fortune Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gate_to_the_East" title="Gate to the East">Gate to the East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenland_Hangzhou_Center" title="Greenland Hangzhou Center">Greenland Hangzhou Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Eagle_Tiandi_Tower_A" title="Golden Eagle Tiandi Tower A">Golden Eagle Tiandi Tower A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Eagle_Tiandi_Tower_B" title="Golden Eagle Tiandi Tower B">Golden Eagle Tiandi Tower B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenland_Puli_Center" title="Greenland Puli Center">Greenland Puli Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangxi_China_Resources_Tower" title="Guangxi China Resources Tower">Guangxi China Resources Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangzhou_CTF_Finance_Centre" title="Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre">Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangzhou_International_Finance_Center" title="Guangzhou International Finance Center">Guangzhou International Finance Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guiyang_International_Financial_Center" title="Guiyang International Financial Center">Guiyang International Financial Center Tower 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanking_Center" title="Hanking Center">Hanking Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heartland_66_Office_Tower" title="Heartland 66 Office Tower">Heartland 66 Office Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hengqin_International_Finance_Center" title="Hengqin International Finance Center">Hengqin International Finance Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hon_Kwok_City_Center" title="Hon Kwok City Center">Hon Kwok City Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huachuang_International_Plaza" title="Huachuang International Plaza">Huachuang International Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huaguoyuan_Tower_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Huaguoyuan Tower 1">Huaguoyuan Tower 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huaguoyuan_Tower_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Huaguoyuan Tower 2">Huaguoyuan Tower 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huijin_Center_Guangzhou" title="Huijin Center Guangzhou">Huijin Center Guangzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangxi_Nanchang_Greenland_Central_Plaza" title="Jiangxi Nanchang Greenland Central Plaza">Jiangxi Nanchang Greenland Central Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jin_Mao_Tower" title="Jin Mao Tower">Jin Mao Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jin_Wan_Plaza_9" title="Jin Wan Plaza 9">Jin Wan Plaza 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinan_Center_Financial_City" title="Jinan Center Financial City">Jinan Center Financial City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KK100" title="KK100">KK100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leatop_Plaza" title="Leatop Plaza">Leatop Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logan_Century_Center_1" title="Logan Century Center 1">Logan Century Center 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longxi_International_Hotel" title="Longxi International Hotel">Longxi International Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minsheng_Bank_Building" title="Minsheng Bank Building">Minsheng Bank Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanjing_International_Youth_Cultural_Centre" title="Nanjing International Youth Cultural Centre">Nanjing International Youth Cultural Centre Tower 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Shenzhen_Bay" title="One Shenzhen Bay">One Shenzhen Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_River_Tower" title="Pearl River Tower">Pearl River Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ping_An_International_Finance_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Ping An International Finance Centre">Ping An International Finance Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pinnacle_(Guangzhou)" title="The Pinnacle (Guangzhou)">The Pinnacle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poly_Pazhou" title="Poly Pazhou">Poly Pazhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverview_Plaza" title="Riverview Plaza">Riverview Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Tower" title="Shanghai Tower">Shanghai Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_World_Financial_Center" title="Shanghai World Financial Center">Shanghai World Financial Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenglong_Global_Center" title="Shenglong Global Center">Shenglong Global Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenzhen_Center" title="Shenzhen Center">Shenzhen Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenzhen_CFC_Changfu_Centre" title="Shenzhen CFC Changfu Centre">Shenzhen CFC Changfu Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimao_Hunan_Center" title="Shimao Hunan Center">Shimao Hunan Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimao_International_Plaza" title="Shimao International Plaza">Shimao International Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shum_Yip_Upperhills_Tower_1" title="Shum Yip Upperhills Tower 1">Shum Yip Upperhills Tower 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shun_Hing_Square" title="Shun Hing Square">Shun Hing Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_City_66" title="Spring City 66">Spring City 66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suning_Plaza,_Wuxi" title="Suning Plaza, Wuxi">Suning Plaza 1, Wuxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suning_Plaza,_Zhenjiang" title="Suning Plaza, Zhenjiang">Suning Plaza Tower 1, Zhenjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzhou_IFS" title="Suzhou IFS">Suzhou IFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin_CTF_Finance_Centre" title="Tianjin CTF Finance Centre">Tianjin CTF Finance Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin_Modern_City_Office_Tower" title="Tianjin Modern City Office Tower">Tianjin Modern City Office Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin_World_Financial_Center" title="Tianjin World Financial Center">Tianjin World Financial Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanda_Plaza" class="mw-redirect" title="Wanda Plaza">Wanda Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenzhou_World_Trade_Center" title="Wenzhou World Trade Center">Wenzhou World Trade Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Magnolia_Plaza" title="White Magnolia Plaza">White Magnolia Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan_Center" title="Wuhan Center">Wuhan Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan_Greenland_Center" title="Wuhan Greenland Center">Wuhan Greenland Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan_Yangtze_River_Shipping_Center" title="Wuhan Yangtze River Shipping Center">Wuhan Yangtze River Shipping Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuxi_IFS" title="Wuxi IFS">Wuxi IFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuxi_Maoye_City_%E2%80%93_Marriott_Hotel" title="Wuxi Maoye City – Marriott Hotel">Wuxi Maoye City – Marriott Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi%27an_Glory_International_Financial_Center" title="Xi'an Glory International Financial Center">Xi'an Glory International Financial Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiangjiang_Fortune_Finance_Center" title="Xiangjiang Fortune Finance Center">Xiangjiang Fortune Finance Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yantai_Shimao_No.1_The_Harbour" title="Yantai Shimao No.1 The Harbour">Yantai Shimao No.1 The Harbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuexiu_Fortune_Center_Tower_1" title="Yuexiu Fortune Center Tower 1">Yuexiu Fortune Center Tower 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongzhou_Holdings_Financial_Center" title="Zhongzhou Holdings Financial Center">Zhongzhou Holdings Financial Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuhai_Tower" title="Zhuhai Tower">Zhuhai Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhujiang_New_City_Tower" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhujiang New City Tower">Zhujiang New City Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zifeng_Tower" title="Zifeng Tower">Zifeng Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hong Kong</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_China_Tower_(Hong_Kong)" title="Bank of China Tower (Hong Kong)">Bank of China Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Plaza_(Hong_Kong)" title="Central Plaza (Hong Kong)">Central Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Commerce_Centre" title="International Commerce Centre">International Commerce Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Finance_Centre_(Hong_Kong)" title="International Finance Centre (Hong Kong)">International Finance Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nina_Tower" title="Nina Tower">Nina Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Center" title="The Center">The Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Japan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abeno_Harukas" title="Abeno Harukas">Abeno Harukas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azabudai_Hills" title="Azabudai Hills">Azabudai Hills Mori JP Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kazakhstan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhabi_Plaza" title="Abu Dhabi Plaza">Abu Dhabi Plaza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kuwait</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Hamra_Tower" title="Al Hamra Tower">Al Hamra Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arraya_Tower" title="Arraya Tower">Arraya Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Malaysia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Exchange_106" title="The Exchange 106">The Exchange 106</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Seasons_Place_Kuala_Lumpur" title="Four Seasons Place Kuala Lumpur">Four Seasons Place Kuala Lumpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merdeka_118" title="Merdeka 118">Merdeka 118</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petronas_Towers" title="Petronas Towers">Petronas Towers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telekom_Tower" title="Telekom Tower">Telekom Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Philippines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metrobank_Center" title="Metrobank Center">Metrobank Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Qatar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aspire_Tower" title="Aspire Tower">Aspire Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusail_Plaza_Towers" title="Lusail Plaza Towers">Lusail Plaza Towers 3 and 4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Saudi Arabia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Clock Towers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_Centre" title="Kingdom Centre">Kingdom Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Market_Authority_Tower" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital Market Authority Tower">PIF Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South Korea</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haeundae_Doosan_We%27ve_the_Zenith" title="Haeundae Doosan We've the Zenith">Haeundae Doosan We've the Zenith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haeundae_LCT_The_Sharp" title="Haeundae LCT The Sharp">Haeundae LCT The Sharp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotte_World_Tower" title="Lotte World Tower">Lotte World Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc1" title="Parc1">Parc1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posco_Tower-Songdo" title="Posco Tower-Songdo">Posco Tower-Songdo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Taiwan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/85_Sky_Tower" title="85 Sky Tower">85 Sky Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taipei_101" title="Taipei 101">Taipei 101</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Thailand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baiyoke_Tower_II" title="Baiyoke Tower II">Baiyoke Tower II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iconsiam" title="Iconsiam">ICONSIAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Power_Mahanakhon" title="King Power Mahanakhon">MahaNakhon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Turkey</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CBRT_Tower" title="CBRT Tower">CBRT Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Arab<br />Emirates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/23_Marina" title="23 Marina">23 Marina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Address_Boulevard" title="Address Boulevard">Address Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Address_Downtown" title="Address Downtown">Address Downtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADNOC_Headquarters" title="ADNOC Headquarters">ADNOC Headquarters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almas_Tower" title="Almas Tower">Almas Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Habtoor_City" title="Al Habtoor City">Amna Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burj_Al_Arab" title="Burj Al Arab">Burj Al Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burj_Khalifa" title="Burj Khalifa">Burj Khalifa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayan_Tower" title="Cayan Tower">Cayan Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DAMAC_Residenze" title="DAMAC Residenze">DAMAC Residenze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elite_Residence" title="Elite Residence">Elite Residence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirates_Office_Tower" title="Emirates Office Tower">Emirates Office Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etihad_Towers" title="Etihad Towers">Etihad Towers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gevora_Hotel" title="Gevora Hotel">Gevora Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HHHR_Tower" title="HHHR Tower">HHHR Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Il_Primo_Dubai" title="Il Primo Dubai">Il Primo Dubai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Index_(Dubai)" title="The Index (Dubai)">The Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jumeirah_Emirates_Towers_Hotel" title="Jumeirah Emirates Towers Hotel">Jumeirah Emirates Towers Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JW_Marriott_Marquis_Dubai" title="JW Marriott Marquis Dubai">JW Marriott Marquis Dubai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Landmark_(Abu_Dhabi)" title="The Landmark (Abu Dhabi)">The Landmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_101" title="Marina 101">Marina 101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Marina_Torch" title="The Marina Torch">The Marina Torch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean_Heights_(Dubai)" title="Ocean Heights (Dubai)">Ocean Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Tower" title="Princess Tower">Princess Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Rayhaan_by_Rotana" title="Rose Rayhaan by Rotana">Rose Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_Abu_Dhabi" title="World Trade Center Abu Dhabi">World Trade Center Abu Dhabi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vietnam</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AON_Hanoi_Landmark_Tower" class="mw-redirect" title="AON Hanoi Landmark Tower">Keangnam Hanoi Landmark Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landmark_81" title="Landmark 81">Landmark 81</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Europe</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Varso" title="Varso">Varso Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Capitals" title="City of Capitals">City of Capitals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasia_(skyscraper)" title="Eurasia (skyscraper)">Eurasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_Tower" title="Federation Tower">Federation Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakhta_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakhta Center">Lakhta Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_City_Tower" title="Mercury City Tower">Mercury City Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neva_Towers" title="Neva Towers">Neva Towers 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OKO" title="OKO">OKO Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Shard" title="The Shard">The Shard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Oceania</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Australia" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Australia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia_108" title="Australia 108">Australia 108</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q1_Tower" class="mw-redirect" title="Q1 Tower">Q1 Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>†</sup> <span style="font-size:85%;">No longer standing.</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Under_construction" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Under construction</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ethiopia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Electric_Power_Headquarters" title="Ethiopian Electric Power Headquarters">Ethiopian Electric Power Headquarters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Côte d'Ivoire</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tour_F" title="Tour F">Tour F</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">China</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chongqing_International_Trade_and_Commerce_Center" title="Chongqing International Trade and Commerce Center">Chongqing Corporate Avenue 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evergrande_Center" title="Evergrande Center">Evergrande Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eye_of_Spring_Trade_Center" title="Eye of Spring Trade Center">Eye of Spring Trade Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenland_Group_Suzhou_Center" title="Greenland Group Suzhou Center">Greenland Group Suzhou Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haikou_Tower" class="mw-redirect" title="Haikou Tower">Haikou Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanjing_World_Trade_Center_Tower_1" title="Nanjing World Trade Center Tower 1">Nanjing World Trade Center Tower 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ningbo_Center" title="Ningbo Center">Ningbo Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_North_Bund_Center" title="Shanghai North Bund Center">North Bund Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shandong_IFC" title="Shandong IFC">Shandong IFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Gate" title="South Asian Gate">South Asian Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzhou_Zhongnan_Center" title="Suzhou Zhongnan Center">Suzhou Zhongnan Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianshan_Gate_of_the_World_Plots_27_and_28" title="Tianshan Gate of the World Plots 27 and 28">Tianshan Gate of the World Plots 27 and 28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan_Chow_Tai_Fook_Finance_Centre" title="Wuhan Chow Tai Fook Finance Centre">Wuhan CTF Finance Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi%27an_Greenland_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Xi'an Greenland Center">Xi'an Greenland Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiamen_International_Centre" title="Xiamen International Centre">Xiamen International Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiangmi_Lake_New_Financial_Center" title="Xiangmi Lake New Financial Center">Xiangmi Lake New Financial Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Highwealth_Huiguo_90" title="Highwealth Huiguo 90">Highwealth Huiguo 90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legacy_Tower_(Purbachal,_Dhaka)" title="Legacy Tower (Purbachal, Dhaka)">Legacy Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Bangkok" title="One Bangkok">One Bangkok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taipei_Twin_Towers" title="Taipei Twin Towers">Taipei Twin Towers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thamrin_Nine" title="Thamrin Nine">Thamrin Nine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torch_Tower_(Japan)" title="Torch Tower (Japan)">Torch Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/270_Park_Avenue_(2021%E2%80%93present)" title="270 Park Avenue (2021–present)">270 Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/520_Fifth_Avenue" title="520 Fifth Avenue">520 Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_One_(Toronto)" title="The One (Toronto)">The One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldorf_Astoria_Miami" title="Waldorf Astoria Miami">Waldorf Astoria Miami</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senna_Tower" title="Senna Tower">Senna Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="On_hold" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">On hold</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2_World_Trade_Center" title="2 World Trade Center">2 World Trade Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/45_Broad_Street" title="45 Broad Street">45 Broad Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baoneng_Shenyang_Global_Financial_Center" title="Baoneng Shenyang Global Financial Center">Baoneng Shenyang Global Financial Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busan_Lotte_Town_Tower" title="Busan Lotte Town Tower">Busan Lotte Town Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengdu_Greenland_Tower" title="Chengdu Greenland Tower">Chengdu Greenland Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chongqing_Tall_Tower" title="Chongqing Tall Tower">Chongqing Tall Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalian_Greenland_Center" title="Dalian Greenland Center">Dalian Greenland Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_Tower_(Jeddah)" title="Diamond Tower (Jeddah)">Diamond Tower (Jeddah)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubai_Pearl" title="Dubai Pearl">Dubai Pearl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubai_Towers_Doha" title="Dubai Towers Doha">Dubai Towers Doha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forum_66" title="Forum 66">Forum 66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gate_of_Kuwait" title="Gate of Kuwait">Gate of Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldin_Finance_117" title="Goldin Finance 117">Goldin Finance 117</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Global_Business_Center" title="Hyundai Global Business Center">Hyundai Global Business Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeddah_Tower" title="Jeddah Tower">Jeddah Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamar_Towers" title="Lamar Towers">Lamar Towers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Oriental_Chengdu" title="Mandarin Oriental Chengdu">Mandarin Oriental Chengdu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_106" title="Marina 106">Marina 106</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namaste_Tower" title="Namaste Tower">Namaste Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanjing_Olympic_Suning_Tower" title="Nanjing Olympic Suning Tower">Nanjing Olympic Suning Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Tower_(Moscow)" title="One Tower (Moscow)">One Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_Royale,_Mumbai" title="Palais Royale, Mumbai">Palais Royale, Mumbai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentominium" title="Pentominium">Pentominium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runhua_Global_Center_1" title="Runhua Global Center 1">Runhua Global Center 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryugyong_Hotel" title="Ryugyong Hotel">Ryugyong Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Steel_Tower" title="Sino-Steel Tower">Sino-Steel Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skycity_(Mandaluyong)" title="Skycity (Mandaluyong)">Skycity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_Capital_Tower" title="Square Capital Tower">Square Capital Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Stratford_Residences" title="The Stratford Residences">The Stratford Residences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tameer_Commercial_Tower" title="Tameer Commercial Tower">Tameer Commercial Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin_R%26F_Guangdong_Tower" title="Tianjin R&F Guangdong Tower">Tianjin R&F Guangdong Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Financial_Hub_Center" title="Tour Financial Hub Center">Tour Financial Hub Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_Infinity" title="Tower Infinity">Tower Infinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VietinBank_Business_Center_Office_Tower" title="VietinBank Business Center Office Tower">VietinBank Business Center Office Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Supertall_proposed_skyscrapers" title="Template:Supertall proposed skyscrapers">Proposed supertall skyscrapers</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_architects_of_supertall_buildings" title="List of architects of supertall buildings">List of architects of supertall buildings</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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