Small Bodies

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Observable?</a></li> <li><a href="/sb/meteor_streams.html" class="">Meteor Streams</a></li> <li><a href="/sb/targets.html" class="">Mission Targets</a></li> <li><a href="/sb/sats.html" class="">Satellites</a></li> <li><a href="/sb/radar.html" class="">Radar Astrometry</a></li> <li><a href="/diagrams/" class="">Diagrams and Charts</a></li> <li><a href="/tools/gravity.html" class="">Gravity Fields</a></li> <li><a href="/sb/great_comets.html" class="">Great Comets</a></li> <li><a href="/sb/neos.html" class="">Near-Earth Objects</a></li> </ul> </li>  <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Tools<br/> <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="/tools/" class="landing-page-item">Description of Tools</a></li> <li><a href="/horizons/" class="">Horizons System</a></li> <li><a href="/ephem.html" class="">Download Ephemerides</a></li> <li><a href="/tools/sbdb_lookup.html" class="">Small-Body Database Lookup</a></li> <li><a href="/tools/sbdb_query.html" class="">Small-Body Database Query</a></li> <li><a href="/tools/mdesign.html" class="">Small-Body Mission Design</a></li> <li><a href="/tools/sb_ident.html" class="">Small-Body Identification</a></li> <li><a href="/tools/sbwobs.html" class="">Small-Body Observability</a></li> <li><a href="/tools/orbit_viewer.html" class="">Orbit Viewer</a></li> <li><a href="/tools/gravity.html" class="">Gravity Field Visualization</a></li> <li><a href="/tools/jdc/" class="">JD Date/Time Converter</a></li> <li><a href="/api.html" class="">APIs</a></li> </ul> </li>  <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Extras<br/> <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="/extras.html" class="landing-page-item">Description of Extras</a></li> <li><a href="/astro_par.html" class="">Astrodynamic Parameters</a></li> <li><a href="/diagrams/" class="">Diagrams and Charts</a></li> <li><a href="/obs_data.html" class="">Observational Data</a></li> <li><a href="/tools/periodic_orbits.html" class="">Three-Body Periodic Orbits</a></li> <li><a href="/tools/orbit_diagram.html" class="">Custom Orbit Visualization</a></li> <li><a href="/api.html" class="">APIs</a></li> <li><a href="/doc/" class="">Technical Documents</a></li> <li><a href="/discovery.html" class="">Discovery Circumstances</a></li> <li><a href="/announcements/" class="">Announcements</a></li> <li><a href="/email_list.html" class="">Email Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/glossary/" class="">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/links.html" class="">Related Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/faq.html" class="">FAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/sitemap.html" class="">Sitemap</a></li> <li><a href="/contact/" class="">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav>   <ol id="breadcrumb" class="breadcrumb"> <li><a href="/">Home</a></li> <li class="active">Small Bodies</li> </ol>  <div class="fixed-content-margin"></div> </div>  <div id="main_content" tabindex="-1" class="container-fluid hide-tabindex">   <noscript> <div class="alert alert-danger"> <h4>Please enable JavaScript for this website.</h4> <p> This website makes extensive use of JavaScript. The top menus will not function without it and most tools will also not work. </p> <p> If you do not know how to enable JavaScript in your web browser, you should be able find instructions by searching the web for "enable javascript in my browser" (or similar). </p> </div> </noscript> <h1 class="no-top-margin">Small Bodies</h1> <div class="image-border pull-right image-space-right"> <figure style="display: table;"> <a class="hide-ext-link" href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/full-view-of-vesta"><img class="img-responsive" src="/images/vesta.png" alt="Asteroid 4 Vesta" width="160" /></a> <figcaption class="image-caption" style="display: table-caption; caption-side: bottom;"> Mosaic of asteroid 4 Vesta from the Dawn spacecraft. </figcaption> </figure> </div> <p>For this website, we define the term “Small Body” to include all natural bodies that are not a planet or natural satellite. This usually means all asteroids and comets, but can also include dwarf planets (e.g., Ceres) as small bodies. The <a href="https://www.iau.org/">IAU</a> defines a slighly different term “Small Solar System Bodies” which excludes dwarf planets. See <a href="https://www.iau.org/static/resolutions/Resolution_GA26-5-6.pdf">IAU resolution B5</a>.</p> <ul> <li><a href="why_asteroids.html">Why Study Asteroids?</a></li> <li><a href="why_comets.html">Why Study Comets?</a></li> </ul> <h3>Description of Menu Items</h3> <table class="table table-hover"><thead><tr><th>Page</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><a href="/sb/orbits.html">Orbits & Ephemerides</a></td><td>Provides access to orbital elements and ephemerides for all known small bodies.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/tools/sbdb_lookup.html">Database Lookup</a></td><td>Given a specific small-body designation, display available data related to that object including orbital elements, physical parameters, discovery circumstances, and many others.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/tools/sbdb_query.html">Database Query</a></td><td>This tool allows the user to find all small-bodies in our database that match zero or more user-specified constraints and either output the number of matching bodies or output specific fields of interest.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/tools/mdesign.html">Mission Design</a></td><td>Provides the data required for rapid mission design to any small body in our database.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/tools/sb_ident.html">Identification</a></td><td>Given a specific date and time as well as specific region in the sky, display a list of all known small bodies within that region at that time.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/tools/sbwobs.html">What's Observable?</a></td><td>Display a list of all small bodies observable (as defined by the user) from the specified topocentric observatory.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/sb/meteor_streams.html">Meteor Streams</a></td><td>Provides a list of significant meteor streams with their parent small-body where known.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/sb/targets.html">Mission Targets</a></td><td>Provides a sortable table of small bodies that are the target of current and past spacecraft missions.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/sb/sats.html">Satellites</a></td><td>Provides a list of known and suspected satellites of small bodies. Selected orbital and physical parameters are provided as well where known.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/sb/radar.html">Radar Astrometry</a></td><td>Provides tables of radar astrometry of small bodies in various formats.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/diagrams/">Diagrams and Charts</a></td><td>A collection of various diagrams (such as the solar system showing the main asteroid belt) and charts (such as distribution of orbital elements in the inner solar system) related to small bodies.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/tools/gravity.html">Gravity Fields</a></td><td>Visualize and download the gravity fields of several planets, the moon, and a few small-bodies.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/sb/great_comets.html">Great Comets</a></td><td>A table listing the dates when past great comets were observable by the naked eye.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/sb/neos.html">Near-Earth Objects</a></td><td>Defines the NEO category of objects and points to in-depth companion website.</td></tr></tbody></table>  <div id="footer" class="container-fluid footer"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-5 col-xs-12"> <img class="ssd-logo" src="/images/ssd_logo.png" alt="SSD Logo" /> </div> <div class="col-sm-3 col-xs-12"> <div class="link-inv"> <a href="/sitemap.html"><i class="fa-fw fa fa-list-alt"></i> Site Map</a> </div> <div class="link-inv"> <a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/caltechjpl-privacy-policies-and-important-notices"><i class="fa-fw fa fa-user-secret"></i> Privacy</a> </div> <div class="link-inv"> <a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/jpl-image-use-policy"><i class="fa-fw fa fa-picture-o"></i> Image Policy</a> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-4 col-xs-12"> <div class=" link-inv"> <a href="/contact/"><i class="fa-fw fa fa-envelope"></i> Contact Us</a> </div> <div class="text-smaller"> <span class="footer-label text-nowrap">Site Manager:</span> <span class="text-nowrap">Ryan Park</span> </div> <div class="text-smaller2"> <span class="footer-label text-nowrap">Site Design:</span> <span class="text-nowrap">Alan B. 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Small Bodies