CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head > <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />  <title>Quantifying Caffeine in Steeped Tea Using UV-Vis - Examining Food</title> <meta name="description" content="We conducted a test, using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer, for quantifying caffeine in steeped tea. Here's what we know." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Quantifying Caffeine in Steeped Tea Using UV-Vis" /> <meta property="og:description" content="We conducted a test, using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer, for quantifying caffeine in steeped tea. Here's what we know." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Examining Food" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/thermofisher" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2024-11-05T08:00:42+00:00" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-10-28T15:55:26+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2024/10/iStock-1336864023_steepingtea.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="2121" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1414" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="author" content="Marlene Gasdia-Cochrane, Editor" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@thermofisher" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@thermofisher" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="Marlene Gasdia-Cochrane, Editor" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="4 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis/","url":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis/","name":"Quantifying Caffeine in Steeped Tea Using UV-Vis - Examining Food","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2024/10/iStock-1336864023_steepingtea.jpg","datePublished":"2024-11-05T08:00:42+00:00","dateModified":"2024-10-28T15:55:26+00:00","author":{"@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/#/schema/person/11bbcaf39c3abda3e0648991cb0f5ea8"},"description":"We conducted a test, using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer, for quantifying caffeine in steeped tea. Here's what we know.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis/#primaryimage","url":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2024/10/iStock-1336864023_steepingtea.jpg","contentUrl":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2024/10/iStock-1336864023_steepingtea.jpg","width":2121,"height":1414,"caption":"Steeping herbal pyramid tea bag in a glass cup"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Quantifying Caffeine in Steeped Tea Using UV-Vis"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/#website","url":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/","name":"Examining Food","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/#/schema/person/11bbcaf39c3abda3e0648991cb0f5ea8","name":"Marlene Gasdia-Cochrane, Editor","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/#/schema/person/image/","url":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/abea46e024ce507a3fcbc7ddbec992ee?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/abea46e024ce507a3fcbc7ddbec992ee?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Marlene Gasdia-Cochrane, Editor"},"url":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/author/mgasdiacochrane/"}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.thermofisher.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//stats.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//use.fontawesome.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Examining Food » Feed" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Examining Food » Comments Feed" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/comments/feed/" />  <script src="https://cdn.optimizely.com/js/8156647427.js"></script>  <script> (function(h,o,t,j,a,r){ h.hj=h.hj||function(){(h.hj.q=h.hj.q||[]).push(arguments)}; h._hjSettings={hjid:373708,hjsv:5}; a=o.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; r=o.createElement('script');r.async=1; r.src=t+h._hjSettings.hjid+j+h._hjSettings.hjsv; a.appendChild(r); })(window,document,'//static.hotjar.com/c/hotjar-','.js?sv='); </script>  <script src="//www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-GLBMEC03WF" data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" async></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript"> var mi_version = '9.2.0'; var mi_track_user = true; var mi_no_track_reason = ''; var MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations = {"page_location":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/food\/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis\/"}; if ( typeof MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter === 'function' ) { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery ) : MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations ); } else { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery : MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations; } var disableStrs = [ 'ga-disable-G-GLBMEC03WF', ]; /* Function to detect opted out users */ function __gtagTrackerIsOptedOut() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { if (document.cookie.indexOf(disableStrs[index] + '=true') > -1) { return true; } } return false; } /* Disable tracking if the opt-out cookie exists. */ if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } /* Opt-out function */ function __gtagTrackerOptout() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } if ('undefined' === typeof gaOptout) { function gaOptout() { __gtagTrackerOptout(); } } window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.MonsterInsightsDualTracker = { helpers: {}, trackers: {}, }; if (mi_track_user) { function __gtagDataLayer() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } function __gtagTracker(type, name, parameters) { if (!parameters) { parameters = {}; } if (parameters.send_to) { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); return; } if (type === 'event') { parameters.send_to = monsterinsights_frontend.v4_id; var hookName = name; if (typeof parameters['event_category'] !== 'undefined') { hookName = parameters['event_category'] + ':' + name; } if (typeof MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName] !== 'undefined') { MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName](parameters); } else { __gtagDataLayer('event', name, parameters); } } else { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); } } __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); __gtagTracker('set', { 'developer_id.dZGIzZG': true, }); if ( MonsterInsightsLocations.page_location ) { __gtagTracker('set', MonsterInsightsLocations); } __gtagTracker('config', 'G-GLBMEC03WF', {"use_amp_client_id":"true","forceSSL":"true","author":"Marlene Gasdia-Cochrane, Editor","category":"Quality Control & Nutrition","published_at":"2024-11-05T08:00:42+00:00","tags":"analyzing tea,caffeine in tea,food science,how much caffeine in tea,spectroscopy,UV-Vis"} ); window.gtag = __gtagTracker; (function () { /* https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/ */ /* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. */ var noopfn = function () { return null; }; var newtracker = function () { return new Tracker(); }; var Tracker = function () { return null; }; var p = Tracker.prototype; p.get = noopfn; p.set = noopfn; p.send = function () { var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); args.unshift('send'); __gaTracker.apply(null, args); }; var __gaTracker = function () { var len = arguments.length; if (len === 0) { return; } var f = arguments[len - 1]; if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') { if ('send' === arguments[0]) { var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action; if ('event' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[3]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': arguments[3], 'eventCategory': arguments[2], 'eventLabel': arguments[4], 'value': arguments[5] ? arguments[5] : 1, } } } if ('pageview' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[2]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': 'page_view', 'page_path': arguments[2], } } } if (typeof arguments[2] === 'object') { hitObject = arguments[2]; } if (typeof arguments[5] === 'object') { Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]); } if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[1].hitType) { hitObject = arguments[1]; if ('pageview' === hitObject.hitType) { hitObject.eventAction = 'page_view'; } } if (hitObject) { action = 'timing' === arguments[1].hitType ? 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; hitConverted = mapArgs(hitObject); __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); } } return; } function mapArgs(args) { var arg, hit = {}; var gaMap = { 'eventCategory': 'event_category', 'eventAction': 'event_action', 'eventLabel': 'event_label', 'eventValue': 'event_value', 'nonInteraction': 'non_interaction', 'timingCategory': 'event_category', 'timingVar': 'name', 'timingValue': 'value', 'timingLabel': 'event_label', 'page': 'page_path', 'location': 'page_location', 'title': 'page_title', 'referrer' : 'page_referrer', }; for (arg in args) { if (!(!args.hasOwnProperty(arg) || !gaMap.hasOwnProperty(arg))) { hit[gaMap[arg]] = args[arg]; } else { hit[arg] = args[arg]; } } return hit; } try { f.hitCallback(); } catch (ex) { } }; __gaTracker.create = newtracker; __gaTracker.getByName = newtracker; __gaTracker.getAll = function () { return []; }; __gaTracker.remove = noopfn; __gaTracker.loaded = true; window['__gaTracker'] = __gaTracker; })(); } else { console.log(""); (function () { function __gtagTracker() { return null; } window['__gtagTracker'] = __gtagTracker; window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker; })(); } </script>  <link rel='stylesheet' id='jetpack_related-posts-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/modules/related-posts/related-posts.css?ver=20240116' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='accelerating-science-blogs-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/themes/accelerating-science-blogs/style.css?ver=1.2.9.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mediaelement-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css?ver=4.2.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-mediaelement-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='jetpack-sharing-buttons-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> .jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;list-style-type:none;margin:5px;padding:0}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-small-icon-size{font-size:12px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:16px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-large-icon-size{font-size:24px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:36px}@media print{.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:none!important}}.editor-styles-wrapper .wp-block-jetpack-sharing-buttons{gap:0;padding-inline-start:0}ul.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em} </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mashsb-styles-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/mashsharer/assets/css/mashsb.min.css?ver=4.0.47' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='mashsb-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> .mashsb-count {color:#555759;}[class^="mashicon-"] .text, [class*=" mashicon-"] .text{ text-indent: -9999px !important; line-height: 0px; display: block; } [class^="mashicon-"] .text:after, [class*=" mashicon-"] .text:after { content: "" !important; text-indent: 0; font-size:13px; display: block !important; } [class^="mashicon-"], [class*=" mashicon-"] { width:25%; text-align: center !important; } [class^="mashicon-"] .icon:before, [class*=" mashicon-"] .icon:before { float:none; margin-right: 0; } .mashsb-buttons a{ margin-right: 3px; margin-bottom:3px; min-width: 0; width: 41px; } .onoffswitch, .onoffswitch-inner:before, .onoffswitch-inner:after .onoffswitch2, .onoffswitch2-inner:before, .onoffswitch2-inner:after { margin-right: 0px; width: 41px; line-height: 41px; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mashnet-styles-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/mashshare-networks/assets/css/mashnet.min.css?ver=2.5.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mashsas-styles-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/mashshare-select-and-share/assets/css/mashsas.min.css?ver=1.0.5' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_reset_css-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/formreset.min.css?ver=2.8.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_formsmain_css-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/formsmain.min.css?ver=2.8.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_ready_class_css-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/readyclass.min.css?ver=2.8.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_browsers_css-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/browsers.min.css?ver=2.8.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='globals-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/themes/accelerating-science-blogs/global-style.css?ver=1.2.9.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='bfa-font-awesome-css' href='https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/css/all.css?ver=2.0.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='bfa-font-awesome-v4-shim-css' href='https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/css/v4-shims.css?ver=2.0.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='bfa-font-awesome-v4-shim-inline-css' type='text/css'> @font-face { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; src: url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.eot'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff') format('woff'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.ttf') format('truetype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.svg#fontawesome') format('svg'); } @font-face { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; src: url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.eot'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff') format('woff'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.ttf') format('truetype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.svg#fontawesome') format('svg'); } @font-face { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; src: url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.eot'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.woff') format('woff'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.ttf') format('truetype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.svg#fontawesome') format('svg'); unicode-range: U+F004-F005,U+F007,U+F017,U+F022,U+F024,U+F02E,U+F03E,U+F044,U+F057-F059,U+F06E,U+F070,U+F075,U+F07B-F07C,U+F080,U+F086,U+F089,U+F094,U+F09D,U+F0A0,U+F0A4-F0A7,U+F0C5,U+F0C7-F0C8,U+F0E0,U+F0EB,U+F0F3,U+F0F8,U+F0FE,U+F111,U+F118-F11A,U+F11C,U+F133,U+F144,U+F146,U+F14A,U+F14D-F14E,U+F150-F152,U+F15B-F15C,U+F164-F165,U+F185-F186,U+F191-F192,U+F1AD,U+F1C1-F1C9,U+F1CD,U+F1D8,U+F1E3,U+F1EA,U+F1F6,U+F1F9,U+F20A,U+F247-F249,U+F24D,U+F254-F25B,U+F25D,U+F267,U+F271-F274,U+F279,U+F28B,U+F28D,U+F2B5-F2B6,U+F2B9,U+F2BB,U+F2BD,U+F2C1-F2C2,U+F2D0,U+F2D2,U+F2DC,U+F2ED,U+F328,U+F358-F35B,U+F3A5,U+F3D1,U+F410,U+F4AD; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='boxzilla-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/boxzilla/assets/css/styles.css?ver=3.3.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" id="jetpack_related-posts-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var related_posts_js_options = {"post_heading":"h4"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/build/related-posts/related-posts.min.js?ver=20240116" id="jetpack_related-posts-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/google-analytics-premium/assets/js/frontend-gtag.min.js?ver=9.2.0" id="monsterinsights-frontend-script-js" async="async" data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" id='monsterinsights-frontend-script-js-extra'>/* <![CDATA[ */ var monsterinsights_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"doc,pdf,ppt,zip,xls,docx,pptx,xlsx","inbound_paths":"[]","home_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/food","hash_tracking":"false","v4_id":"G-GLBMEC03WF"};/* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="mashsb-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var mashsb = {"shares":"0","round_shares":"1","animate_shares":"0","dynamic_buttons":"0","share_url":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/food\/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis\/","title":"Quantifying+Caffeine+in+Steeped+Tea+Using+UV-Vis","image":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/food\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/10\/iStock-1336864023_steepingtea.jpg","desc":"In the realm of food science, precise quantification of key components in consumables is critical. One such component is caffeine, a stimulant found in tea, which requires accurate measurement to ensure product consistency and safety. \u2026","hashtag":"thermofisher","subscribe":"content","subscribe_url":"","activestatus":"1","singular":"1","twitter_popup":"1","refresh":"1","nonce":"c2e6b09adb","postid":"11493","servertime":"1732329907","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/mashsharer/assets/js/mashsb.min.js?ver=4.0.47" id="mashsb-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/mashshare-google-analytics/assets/js/mashga.min.js?ver=1.0.9" id="mashga-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="mashnet-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var mashnet = {"body":"Check out this article I just read:","subject":"Check out this article from Accelerating Science","pinterest_select":"1","pinterest_image":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/food\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/10\/iStock-1336864023_steepingtea.jpg","pinterest_desc":"In the realm of food science, precise quantification of key components in consumables is critical. One such component is caffeine, a stimulant found in tea, which requires accurate measurement to ensure product consistency and safety. \u2026"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/mashshare-networks/assets/js/mashnet.min.js?ver=2.5.3" id="mashnet-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/underscore.min.js?ver=1.13.4" id="underscore-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/backbone.min.js?ver=1.5.0" id="backbone-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-api-js-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var WP_API_Settings = {"root":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/food","nonce":"8e838958fa"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/wp-search-live/public/assets/js/util--wp-api.js?ver=0.9" id="wp-api-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="mashsas-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var mashsas = {"minchars":"10","appid":"1603510369972799","facebook":"1","twitter":"1","mail":"1"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/mashshare-select-and-share/assets/js/mashsas.min.js?ver=1.0.5" id="mashsas-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/jquery.json.min.js?ver=2.8.17" id="gform_json-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="gform_gravityforms-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/food\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/food\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"4a792b070322e711c2521ee9802c04ea","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/food\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/food\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"4a792b070322e711c2521ee9802c04ea","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/food\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/food\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"4a792b070322e711c2521ee9802c04ea","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/food\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/food\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"4a792b070322e711c2521ee9802c04ea","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; var gform_i18n = {"datepicker":{"days":{"monday":"Mo","tuesday":"Tu","wednesday":"We","thursday":"Th","friday":"Fr","saturday":"Sa","sunday":"Su"},"months":{"january":"January","february":"February","march":"March","april":"April","may":"May","june":"June","july":"July","august":"August","september":"September","october":"October","november":"November","december":"December"},"firstDay":1,"iconText":"Select date"}}; var gf_legacy_multi = {"1":"1","2":"1"}; var gform_gravityforms = {"strings":{"invalid_file_extension":"This type of file is not allowed. Must be one of the following:","delete_file":"Delete this file","in_progress":"in progress","file_exceeds_limit":"File exceeds size limit","illegal_extension":"This type of file is not allowed.","max_reached":"Maximum number of files reached","unknown_error":"There was a problem while saving the file on the server","currently_uploading":"Please wait for the uploading to complete","cancel":"Cancel","cancel_upload":"Cancel this upload","cancelled":"Cancelled"},"vars":{"images_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/food\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/gravityforms.min.js?ver=2.8.17" id="gform_gravityforms-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/chosen.jquery.min.js?ver=2.8.17" id="gform_chosen-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/utils.min.js?ver=50c7bea9c2320e16728e44ae9fde5f26" id="gform_gravityforms_utils-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/themes/accelerating-science-blogs/js/single-scripts.js?ver=1.2.9.3" id="single-scripts-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11493" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/?p=11493' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thermofisher.com%2Fblog%2Ffood%2Fquantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thermofisher.com%2Fblog%2Ffood%2Fquantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis%2F&format=xml" /> <meta property="fb:pages" content="258357757657262" /> <meta property="ia:markup_url" content="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis/?ia_markup=1" />  <style>img#wpstats{display:none}</style> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/themes/accelerating-science-blogs/images/favicon.ico" />  <script> !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n; n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window, document,'script','https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); fbq('init', '305572349637096'); fbq('track', "PageView");</script> <noscript><img height="1" width="1" style="display:none" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=305572349637096&ev=PageView&noscript=1" /></noscript>  <script type="application/ld+json"> {"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org","@type":"BlogPosting","mainEntityofPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/food\/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis\/"},"headline":"Quantifying Caffeine in Steeped Tea Using UV-Vis","datePublished":"11\/05\/2024","dateModified":"11\/05\/2024","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thermo Fisher Scientific","URL":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/us\/en\/home.html","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/content\/dam\/LifeTech\/Images\/Header\/logo-color.png"}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/food\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2024\/10\/iStock-1336864023_steepingtea.jpg","width":2121,"height":1414},"keywords":"analyzing tea, caffeine in tea, food science, how much caffeine in tea, spectroscopy, UV-Vis, ","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Marlene Gasdia-Cochrane, Editor"}} </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/etc/designs/lifetech/clientlibs/digitaldata.js" defer="defer"></script> <script id="tagmanager" type="text/javascript" src='https://assets.adobedtm.com/launch-ENeecb77f1160a4928a492ff040f7110c7.min.js' defer="defer"></script> <script> (function($) { $(document).ready(function() { digitalData.setPageType('blog'); }) })(jQuery); </script> </head> <body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-11493 single-format-standard header-image full-width-content genesis-breadcrumbs-visible"><div class="site-container"><header class="site-header"><div class="wrap"><div class="title-area"><p class="site-title"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/" title="Thermo Fisher Scientific">Thermo Fisher Scientific</a></p></div><div class="widget-area header-widget-area"><section id="nav_menu-2" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><div class="widget-wrap"><nav class="nav-header"><ul id="menu-main-menu" class="menu genesis-nav-menu"><li id="menu-item-8515" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-8515"><a><span >Categories</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-8533" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-8533"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/"><span >Advancing Materials</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-8532" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-8532"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/mining/"><span >Advancing Mining</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-11157" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-11157"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/analyteguru/"><span >AnalyteGuru</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-8531" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-8531"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/metals/"><span >Analyzing Metals</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-10333" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-10333"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/ask-a-scientist/"><span >Ask a Scientist</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-8516" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-8516"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/behindthebench/"><span >Behind the Bench</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-11146" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-11146"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/biotechnology/"><span >Biotech at Scale</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-11010" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-11010"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/clinical-conversations/"><span >Clinical Conversations</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-8530" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-8530"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/"><span >Examining Food</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-9715" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-9715"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/identifying-threats/"><span >Identifying Threats</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-11018" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-11018"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/semiconductors/"><span >Illuminating Semiconductors</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-11019" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-11019"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/atomic-resolution/"><span >Life in Atomic Resolution</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-9687" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-9687"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/"><span >Life in the Lab</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-11011" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-11011"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/oempowered/"><span >OEMpowered</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-10314" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-10314"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/connectedlab/"><span >The Connected Lab</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-8535" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-8535"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/about-us/"><span >About Us</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-8536" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-8536"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/contact-us/?site=food"><span >Contact</span></a></li> </ul></nav></div></section> </div><div class="breadcrumb"><span class="breadcrumb-link-wrap"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/?">Accelerating Science</a></span><span class="breadcrumb-link-wrap"><a class="breadcrumb-link" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/"><span class="breadcrumb-link-text-wrap">Examining Food</span></a><meta ></span> <span aria-label="breadcrumb separator">/</span> <span class="breadcrumb-link-wrap"><a class="breadcrumb-link" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/quality-control-nutrition/"><span class="breadcrumb-link-text-wrap">Quality Control & Nutrition</span></a><meta ></span> <span aria-label="breadcrumb separator">/</span> <span class="breadcrumb-current-title">Quantifying Caffeine in Steeped Tea Using UV-Vis</span></div></div></header> <section class="hero-banner" style="background-image:url(https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2024/10/iStock-1336864023_steepingtea.jpg)"> </section> <div class="site-inner"><div class="content-sidebar-wrap"><main class="content"><article class="post-11493 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-quality-control-nutrition tag-analyzing-tea tag-caffeine-in-tea tag-food-science tag-how-much-caffeine-in-tea tag-spectroscopy tag-uv-vis entry" aria-label="Quantifying Caffeine in Steeped Tea Using UV-Vis"><header class="entry-header"><h1 class="entry-title">Quantifying Caffeine in Steeped Tea Using UV-Vis</h1> <span class="post-info-author"> By <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/tf-author/kyle-mcnally/" title="Posts by Kyle Mcnally" rel="author">Kyle Mcnally, Market Development Specialist</a> </span> <span class="post-info-date"> 11.05.2024 </span> </header><div class="entry-content"><p>In the realm of food science, precise quantification of key components in consumables is critical. One such component is caffeine, a stimulant found in tea, which requires accurate measurement to ensure product consistency and safety. <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/spectroscopy-elemental-isotope-analysis/molecular-spectroscopy/uv-vis-spectrophotometry.html?icid=CAD_blog_food_2024Nov">UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy</a> has proven to be a powerful method for analysis. This article explores the application of UV-Visible spectroscopy in quantifying caffeine in steeped tea, emphasizing the importance of background correction to achieve accurate results.</p> <h2>Understanding UV-Visible Spectroscopy</h2> <p>UV-Visible spectroscopy is a technique that measures the absorbance of light by a sample at different wavelengths. According to <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7540309/">Beer’s law</a>, the absorbance is directly proportional to the concentration of the analyte in solution. This method is particularly advantageous in QA/QC environments, where verifying the correct amount of a substance or ensuring contaminants are below acceptable limits is crucial.</p> <p>However, the complexity of food matrices can pose challenges. Many food samples contain multiple components, leading to overlapping absorption spectra. This additive nature of absorbance can complicate quantification. Separating these components is a solution, but it is often time-consuming and impractical.</p> <p><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/spectroscopy-elemental-isotope-analysis/molecular-spectroscopy/uv-vis-spectrophotometry/instruments.html?icid=CAD_blog_food_2024Nov">UV-Vis spectroscopy instruments</a> offer quick, inexpensive, easy-to-use analysis to verify whether product quality is within specification, especially for beverages like tea, coffee, beer, wine, juices, energy and soft drinks, waters, and other thin liquids, but also can work with sticky and thick liquids, like honey, or oily ones, like palm oil.</p> <h2>Understanding Tea, Steeped or Not</h2> <p>The caffeine content in tea is primarily released during the steeping process. Therefore, tea that has not been steeped will contain negligible amounts of caffeine in the liquid since the caffeine remains in the dry tea leaves.</p> <p>Here is a comparison for clarity:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Steeped Tea:</strong> The caffeine content in steeped tea can vary widely depending on factors such as the type of tea, the steeping time, and the water temperature. A search on the internet shows that many tea companies report that on average, an 8-ounce cup of black tea contains about 40-70 milligrams of caffeine, while green tea contains about 20-45 milligrams. Noting the same varying factors, the <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/caffeine/art-20049372">Mayo Clinic</a>* offers these numbers as a guide: 8 ounces of brewed black tea contains 47 mg of caffeine, while 8 ounces of brewed green has 28.</li> <li><strong>Non-Steeped Tea:</strong> Dry tea leaves themselves do contain caffeine, but until they are steeped in hot water, the caffeine is not released into a consumable form. Therefore, non-steeped tea leaves do not contribute measurable caffeine content to a beverage.</li> </ul> <p>If you’re a tea drinker, the <a href="https://www.teausa.org/14521/brewing-tea">Tea Association of the United States</a> advises that for a good cup of black tea, one should steep 3-5 minutes, with other suggested times for green, oolongs, and white teas. If you’re a scientist, however, trying to measure the caffeine in tea, you need some analytical instruments.</p> <h2>Application in Caffeine Quantification</h2> <p>We conducted a test, using a <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/spectroscopy-elemental-isotope-analysis/molecular-spectroscopy/uv-vis-spectrophotometry/applications.html#food-beverage">UV-Visible spectrophotometer</a>, for quantifying caffeine in steeped tea.</p> <p>The process began with the preparation of tea samples, which were steeped for varying durations. As expected, increasing steep times resulted in higher absorbance, indicating more components are extracted from the tea leaves. This was evidenced by the absorption spectra of tea samples steeped for 30 seconds, 2 minutes, 4 minutes, and 10 minutes.</p> <p>A critical aspect of the method is the background correction, which is essential to remove interference and ensure accurate quantification. Background correction refers to the process of adjusting for any interference or noise that might affect the accuracy of measurements. These extraneous factors could include the type of tea, the water quality, and the quality of the tea itself.</p> <p><strong>Results and Discussion</strong></p> <p>When we finished analyzing, the absorption spectra of caffeine standards and tea samples were compared. The standards revealed a clear absorption feature at 272 nm, which was used to quantify caffeine concentration. The absorbance at this wavelength was plotted against caffeine concentration, resulting in a linear relationship.</p> <p>The tea samples, measured at different steep times, showed corresponding increases in absorbance, aligning with the expected increase in caffeine extraction over time. The absence of significant absorption features beyond 450 nm indicated minimal interference from particulates, affirming the efficacy of the filtration process.</p> <h2>Conclusion</h2> <p>This study demonstrated that accurate and efficient caffeine quantification could be achieved via <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/spectroscopy-elemental-isotope-analysis/molecular-spectroscopy/uv-vis-spectrophotometry.html?icid=CAD_blog_food_2024Nov">UV-Visible spectroscopy</a>.</p> <p>For food scientists, this method offers a non-destructive means to analyze the absorbance spectrum of tea samples, allowing for further analysis if needed, making it a valuable tool in QA/QC environments.</p> <p>UV-Visible spectroscopy, when combined with advanced background correction methods, provides a powerful approach for the quantification of caffeine in steeped tea.</p> <p>This technique not only helps ensure product quality and safety but also streamlines the analytical process, making it an indispensable tool for food scientists.</p> <p>For more information, including study methods and process, instruments used, absorption spectra, equation derivation, derivative analysis comparisons, and caffeine concentration calculation charts, read the application note: <a href="https://assets.thermofisher.com/TFS-Assets/CAD/Application-Notes/genesys-caffeine-quantification-app-note-1620197.pdf?icid=CAD_blog_food_2024Nov"><em>Caffeine Quantification in Steeped Tea: Background Correction Using GENESYSTM Smart QC</em></a><em>.</em></p> <h2>Additional Resources</h2> <ul> <li>Application note: <a href="https://assets.thermofisher.com/TFS-Assets/CAD/Application-Notes/genesys-caffeine-quantification-app-note-1620197.pdf?icid=CAD_blog_food_2024Nov"><em>Caffeine Quantification in Steeped Tea: Background Correction Using GENESYSTM Smart QC</em></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/spectroscopy-elemental-isotope-analysis/molecular-spectroscopy/uv-vis-spectrophotometry/applications.html#food-beverage?icid=CAD_blog_food_2024Nov">UV-Vis Spectrophotometer Applications</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/spectroscopy-elemental-isotope-analysis/molecular-spectroscopy/uv-vis-spectrophotometry/instruments/genesys-uv-vis-spectrophotometer.html?icid=CAD_blog_food_2024Nov">GENESYS Spectrophotometers</a></li> <li>*https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/caffeine/art-20049372</li> </ul> <p> </p> <aside class="mashsb-container mashsb-main "><div class="mashsb_above_buttons">Share this article </div><div class="mashsb-box"><div class="mashsb-buttons"><a class="mashicon-facebook mash-large mashsb-noshadow" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thermofisher.com%2Fblog%2Ffood%2Fquantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis%2F" target="_top" rel="nofollow"><span class="icon"></span><span class="text">Facebook</span></a><a class="mashicon-linkedin mash-large mashsb-noshadow" href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?trk=Quantifying+Caffeine+in+Steeped+Tea+Using+UV-Vis&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thermofisher.com%2Fblog%2Ffood%2Fquantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis%2F" target="_top" rel="nofollow"><span class="icon"></span><span class="text">Linkedin</span></a><div class="onoffswitch2 mash-large mashsb-noshadow" style="display:none"></div></div> </div> <div style="clear:both"></div><div class="mashsb-toggle-container"></div></aside> </div></article><section class="webinars"> <div class="webinars__webinar webinars__webinar-two"> <div class="webinars__webinar__image"> <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/global/en/home/global/forms/industrial/successful-culture-media-preparation-request.html?icid=corp_MBD_Featured-Webinar-eBook_blog" target="_blank"><img width="450" height="250" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2017/11/TSM-10281-Culture-Media-Preparation-Smart-Note_THUMBNAIL-2_FINAL-450x250.jpg" class="attachment-webinar size-webinar wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="webinars__webinar_content"> <h3><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/global/en/home/global/forms/industrial/successful-culture-media-preparation-request.html?icid=corp_MBD_Featured-Webinar-eBook_blog" target="_blank">Tips for Successful Culture Media Preparation</a></h3> <a class="button" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/global/en/home/global/forms/industrial/successful-culture-media-preparation-request.html?icid=corp_MBD_Featured-Webinar-eBook_blog" target="_blank">Download Now</a> </div> </div> <div class="webinars__webinar webinars__webinar-two"> <div class="webinars__webinar__image"> <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/global/forms/industrial/metal-detector-ebook-registration-form.html?icid=corp_CAD_Featured-Webinar-eBook_blog" target="_blank"><img width="447" height="250" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2018/01/ebookcover2-002-447x250.jpg" class="attachment-webinar size-webinar wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="webinars__webinar_content"> <h3><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/global/forms/industrial/metal-detector-ebook-registration-form.html?icid=corp_CAD_Featured-Webinar-eBook_blog" target="_blank">Guide to Metal Detection and X-ray Inspection of Food</a></h3> <a class="button" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/global/forms/industrial/metal-detector-ebook-registration-form.html?icid=corp_CAD_Featured-Webinar-eBook_blog" target="_blank">Download Now</a> </div> </div> </section><section class="author-box"><h4 class="author-box-title">Kyle Mcnally</h4><div class="author-box-content" itemprop="description"></div></section><div class="adjacent-entry-pagination pagination"><div class="pagination-previous alignleft"><i class="fa fa-icon fa-chevron-left"></i> <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/no-tricks-just-free-food-beverage-resource-treats/" rel="prev">No Tricks. Just Free Food Inspection Resource Treats!</a></div><div class="pagination-next alignright"></div></div></main></div></div><footer class="site-footer"><div class="wrap"><div class="creds"><p class="footer-links"><a href="https://corporate.thermofisher.com/en/footer/privacy-statement.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Privacy Statement</a><a href="https://corporate.thermofisher.com/en/footer/terms-and-conditions.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Terms & Conditions</a><a href="/blog/locations/">Locations</a><a href="/blog/sitemap/">Sitemap</a></p><p>© 2024 <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com">Thermo Fisher Scientific</a>. All Rights Reserved.</p></div><span class="social-links"><p>Talk to us</p><a href="https://www.facebook.com/thermofisher" class="facebook" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa fa-icon fa-facebook"></i></a><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/thermo-fisher-scientific" class="linkedin" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa fa-icon fa-linkedin"></i></a><a href="https://twitter.com/thermofisher" class="twitter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa fa-icon fa-twitter"></i></a><a href="https://www.youtube.com/c/thermofisher" class="youtube" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa fa-icon fa-youtube"></i></a></span></div></footer></div><div style="display: none;"><div id="boxzilla-box-9342-content"><p><h4>Get news and research reviews on the topic of your choice, right in your inbox.</h4> </p> <p><a id="subscribe" class="button" href="#">Subscribe Now</a></p> <div id="subscribe-form"> <div class='gf_browser_chrome gform_wrapper gform_legacy_markup_wrapper gform-theme--no-framework' data-form-theme='legacy' data-form-index='1' id='gform_wrapper_2' ><form method='post' enctype='multipart/form-data' id='gform_2' action='/blog/food/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis/' formid='2'> <div class='gform-body gform_body'><ul id='gform_fields_2' class='gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_above description_below validation_below'><li id="field_2_4" class="gfield gfield--type-text first-name field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_2_4" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_2_4'>First Name</label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_4' id='input_2_4' type='text' value='' class='large' placeholder='First Name' aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li><li id="field_2_5" class="gfield gfield--type-text last-name field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_2_5" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_2_5'>Last Name</label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_5' id='input_2_5' type='text' value='' class='large' placeholder='Last Name' aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li><li id="field_2_2" class="gfield gfield--type-email email gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_2_2" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_2_2'>Email<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk">*</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_email'> <input name='input_2' id='input_2_2' type='email' value='' class='large' placeholder='Email' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li><li id="field_2_6" class="gfield gfield--type-text company field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_2_6" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_2_6'>Company</label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_6' id='input_2_6' type='text' value='' class='large' placeholder='Company' aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li><li id="field_2_7" class="gfield gfield--type-select country gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_2_7" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_2_7'>Select your country/region<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk">*</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_select'><select name='input_7' id='input_2_7' class='large gfield_select' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" ><option value='' selected='selected' class='gf_placeholder'>Select your country/region</option><option value='United States' >United States</option><option value='Canada' >Canada</option><option value='Afghanistan' >Afghanistan</option><option value='Albania' >Albania</option><option value='Algeria' >Algeria</option><option value='American Samoa' >American Samoa</option><option value='Andorra' >Andorra</option><option value='Angola' >Angola</option><option value='Anguilla' >Anguilla</option><option value='Antarctica' >Antarctica</option><option value='Antigua and Barbuda' >Antigua and Barbuda</option><option value='Argentina' >Argentina</option><option value='Armenia' >Armenia</option><option value='Aruba' >Aruba</option><option value='Australia' >Australia</option><option value='Austria' >Austria</option><option value='Azerbaijan' >Azerbaijan</option><option value='Bahamas' >Bahamas</option><option value='Bahrain' >Bahrain</option><option value='Bangladesh' >Bangladesh</option><option value='Barbados' >Barbados</option><option value='Belarus' >Belarus</option><option value='Belgium' >Belgium</option><option value='Belize' >Belize</option><option value='Benin' >Benin</option><option value='Bermuda' >Bermuda</option><option value='Bhutan' >Bhutan</option><option value='Bolivia' >Bolivia</option><option value='Bosnia and Herzegovina' >Bosnia and Herzegovina</option><option value='Botswana' >Botswana</option><option value='Bouvet Island' >Bouvet Island</option><option value='Brazil' >Brazil</option><option value='British Indian Ocean Territory' >British Indian Ocean Territory</option><option value='Brunei Darussalam' >Brunei Darussalam</option><option value='Bulgaria' >Bulgaria</option><option value='Burkina Faso' >Burkina Faso</option><option value='Burundi' >Burundi</option><option value='Cambodia' >Cambodia</option><option value='Cameroon' >Cameroon</option><option value='Cape Verde' >Cape Verde</option><option value='Cayman Islands' >Cayman Islands</option><option value='Central African Republic' >Central African Republic</option><option value='Chad' >Chad</option><option value='Chile' >Chile</option><option value='China' >China</option><option value='Christmas Island' >Christmas Island</option><option value='Cocos (Keeling) Islands' >Cocos (Keeling) Islands</option><option value='Colombia' >Colombia</option><option value='Comoros' >Comoros</option><option value='Congo' >Congo</option><option value='Congo, The Democratic Republic of' >Congo, The Democratic Republic of</option><option value='Cook Islands' >Cook Islands</option><option value='Costa Rica' >Costa Rica</option><option value='Cote D'Ivoire' >Cote D'Ivoire</option><option value='Croatia' >Croatia</option><option value='Cuba' >Cuba</option><option value='Cyprus' >Cyprus</option><option value='Czech Republic' >Czech Republic</option><option value='Denmark' >Denmark</option><option value='Djibouti' >Djibouti</option><option value='Dominica' >Dominica</option><option value='Dominican Republic' >Dominican Republic</option><option value='East Timor' >East Timor</option><option value='Ecuador' >Ecuador</option><option value='Egypt' >Egypt</option><option value='El Salvador' >El Salvador</option><option value='Equatorial Guinea' >Equatorial Guinea</option><option value='Eritrea' >Eritrea</option><option value='Estonia' >Estonia</option><option value='Ethiopia' >Ethiopia</option><option value='Falkland Islands (Malvinas)' >Falkland Islands (Malvinas)</option><option value='Faroe Islands' >Faroe Islands</option><option value='Fiji' >Fiji</option><option value='Finland' >Finland</option><option value='Fmr Yugoslav Rep of Macedonia' >Fmr Yugoslav Rep of Macedonia</option><option value='France' >France</option><option value='French Guiana' >French Guiana</option><option value='French Polynesia' >French Polynesia</option><option value='French Southern Territories' >French Southern Territories</option><option value='Gabon' >Gabon</option><option value='Gambia' >Gambia</option><option value='Georgia' >Georgia</option><option value='Germany' >Germany</option><option value='Ghana' >Ghana</option><option value='Gibraltar' >Gibraltar</option><option value='Greece' >Greece</option><option value='Greenland' >Greenland</option><option value='Grenada' >Grenada</option><option value='Guadeloupe' >Guadeloupe</option><option value='Guam' >Guam</option><option value='Guatemala' >Guatemala</option><option value='Guinea' >Guinea</option><option value='Guinea-Bissau' >Guinea-Bissau</option><option value='Guyana' >Guyana</option><option value='Haiti' >Haiti</option><option value='Heard and McDonald Islands' >Heard and McDonald Islands</option><option value='Holy See (Vatican City State)' >Holy See (Vatican City State)</option><option value='Honduras' >Honduras</option><option value='Hong Kong' >Hong Kong</option><option value='Hungary' >Hungary</option><option value='Iceland' >Iceland</option><option value='India' >India</option><option value='Indonesia' >Indonesia</option><option value='Iran (Islamic Republic Of)' >Iran (Islamic Republic Of)</option><option value='Iraq' >Iraq</option><option value='Ireland' >Ireland</option><option value='Israel' >Israel</option><option value='Italy' >Italy</option><option value='Jamaica' >Jamaica</option><option value='Japan' >Japan</option><option value='Jordan' >Jordan</option><option value='Kazakstan' >Kazakstan</option><option value='Kenya' >Kenya</option><option value='Kiribati' >Kiribati</option><option value='Korea, Democratic People's Rep' >Korea, Democratic People's Rep</option><option value='Korea, Republic of' >Korea, Republic of</option><option value='Kuwait' >Kuwait</option><option value='Kyrgyzstan' >Kyrgyzstan</option><option value='Lao People's Democratic Rep' >Lao People's Democratic Rep</option><option value='Latvia' >Latvia</option><option value='Lebanon' >Lebanon</option><option value='Lesotho' >Lesotho</option><option value='Liberia' >Liberia</option><option value='Libyan Arab Jamahiriya' >Libyan Arab Jamahiriya</option><option value='Liechtenstein' >Liechtenstein</option><option value='Lithuania' >Lithuania</option><option value='Luxembourg' >Luxembourg</option><option value='Macau' >Macau</option><option value='Madagascar' >Madagascar</option><option value='Malawi' >Malawi</option><option value='Malaysia' >Malaysia</option><option value='Maldives' >Maldives</option><option value='Mali' >Mali</option><option value='Malta' >Malta</option><option value='Marshall Islands' >Marshall Islands</option><option value='Martinique' >Martinique</option><option value='Mauritania' >Mauritania</option><option value='Mauritius' >Mauritius</option><option value='Mayotte' >Mayotte</option><option value='Mexico' >Mexico</option><option value='Micronesia, Federated States' >Micronesia, Federated States</option><option value='Moldova, Republic of' >Moldova, Republic of</option><option value='Monaco' >Monaco</option><option value='Mongolia' >Mongolia</option><option value='Montserrat' >Montserrat</option><option value='Morocco' >Morocco</option><option value='Mozambique' >Mozambique</option><option value='Myanmar' >Myanmar</option><option value='Namibia' >Namibia</option><option value='Nauru' >Nauru</option><option value='Nepal' >Nepal</option><option value='Netherlands' >Netherlands</option><option value='Netherlands Antilles' >Netherlands Antilles</option><option value='New Caledonia' >New Caledonia</option><option value='New Zealand' >New Zealand</option><option value='Nicaragua' >Nicaragua</option><option value='Niger' >Niger</option><option value='Nigeria' >Nigeria</option><option value='Niue' >Niue</option><option value='Norfolk Island' >Norfolk Island</option><option value='Northern Mariana Islands' >Northern Mariana Islands</option><option value='Norway' >Norway</option><option value='Oman' >Oman</option><option value='Pakistan' >Pakistan</option><option value='Palau' >Palau</option><option value='Panama' >Panama</option><option value='Papua New Guinea' >Papua New Guinea</option><option value='Paraguay' >Paraguay</option><option value='Peru' >Peru</option><option value='Philippines' >Philippines</option><option value='Pitcairn' >Pitcairn</option><option value='Poland' >Poland</option><option value='Portugal' >Portugal</option><option value='Puerto Rico' >Puerto Rico</option><option value='Qatar' >Qatar</option><option value='Reunion' >Reunion</option><option value='Romania' >Romania</option><option value='Russian Federation' >Russian Federation</option><option value='Rwanda' >Rwanda</option><option value='Saint Helena' >Saint Helena</option><option value='Saint Kitts and Nevis' >Saint Kitts and Nevis</option><option value='Saint Lucia' >Saint Lucia</option><option value='Saint Pierre and Miquelon' >Saint Pierre and Miquelon</option><option value='Samoa' >Samoa</option><option value='San Marino' >San Marino</option><option value='Sao Tome and Principe' >Sao Tome and Principe</option><option value='Saudi Arabia' >Saudi Arabia</option><option value='Senegal' >Senegal</option><option value='Seychelles' >Seychelles</option><option value='Sierra Leone' >Sierra Leone</option><option value='Singapore' >Singapore</option><option value='Slovakia' >Slovakia</option><option value='Slovenia' >Slovenia</option><option value='Solomon Islands' >Solomon Islands</option><option value='Somalia' >Somalia</option><option value='South Africa' >South Africa</option><option value='Spain' >Spain</option><option value='Sri Lanka' >Sri Lanka</option><option value='Sth Georgia & Sth Sandwich Is' >Sth Georgia & Sth Sandwich Is</option><option value='St Vincent and the Grenadines' >St Vincent and the Grenadines</option><option value='Sudan' >Sudan</option><option value='Suriname' >Suriname</option><option value='Svalbard and Jan Mayen' >Svalbard and Jan Mayen</option><option value='Swaziland' >Swaziland</option><option value='Sweden' >Sweden</option><option value='Switzerland' >Switzerland</option><option value='Syrian Arab Republic' >Syrian Arab Republic</option><option value='Taiwan, Province of China' >Taiwan, Province of China</option><option value='Tajikistan' >Tajikistan</option><option value='Tanzania, United Republic of' >Tanzania, United Republic of</option><option value='Thailand' >Thailand</option><option value='Togo' >Togo</option><option value='Tokelau' >Tokelau</option><option value='Tonga' >Tonga</option><option value='Trinidad and Tobago' >Trinidad and Tobago</option><option value='Tunisia' >Tunisia</option><option value='Turkey' >Turkey</option><option value='Turkmenistan' >Turkmenistan</option><option value='Turks and Caicos Islands' >Turks and Caicos Islands</option><option value='Tuvalu' >Tuvalu</option><option value='Uganda' >Uganda</option><option value='Ukraine' >Ukraine</option><option value='United Arab Emirates' >United Arab Emirates</option><option value='United Kingdom' >United Kingdom</option><option value='Uruguay' >Uruguay</option><option value='US Minor Outlying Islands' >US Minor Outlying Islands</option><option value='Uzbekistan' >Uzbekistan</option><option value='Vanuatu' >Vanuatu</option><option value='Venezuela' >Venezuela</option><option value='Vietnam' >Vietnam</option><option value='Virgin Islands (British)' >Virgin Islands (British)</option><option value='Virgin Islands (U.S.)' >Virgin Islands (U.S.)</option><option value='Wallis and Futuna Islands' >Wallis and Futuna Islands</option><option value='Western Sahara' >Western Sahara</option><option value='Yemen' >Yemen</option><option value='Yugoslavia' >Yugoslavia</option><option value='Zambia' >Zambia</option><option value='Zimbabwe' >Zimbabwe</option></select></div></li><li id="field_2_8" class="gfield gfield--type-select sub-category gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_2_8" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_2_8'>Pick a category<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk">*</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_select'><select name='input_8' id='input_2_8' class='large gfield_select' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" ><option value='' selected='selected' class='gf_placeholder'>Pick a category</option><option value='Accelerating Microscopy' >Accelerating Microscopy</option><option value='Advancing Materials' >Advancing Materials</option><option value='Advancing Mining' >Advancing Mining</option><option value='Analyzing Metals' >Analyzing Metals</option><option value='Behind the Bench' >Behind the Bench</option><option value='Examining Food' selected='selected'>Examining Food</option><option value='Identifying Threats' >Identifying Threats</option><option value='Life in the Lab' >Life in the Lab</option><option value='The Connected Lab' >The Connected Lab</option></select></div></li><li id="field_2_9" class="gfield gfield--type-checkbox gfield--type-choice gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_2_9" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text gfield_label_before_complex' ><span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk">*</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_checkbox'><ul class='gfield_checkbox' id='input_2_9'><li class='gchoice gchoice_2_9_1'> <input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_9.1' type='checkbox' value='1' id='choice_2_9_1' /> <label for='choice_2_9_1' id='label_2_9_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>I would like to receive information about content, events, products, services and promotions from Thermo Fisher Scientific and its affiliates. I agree for the Thermo Fisher Scientific group (thermofisher.com/legalentities) to contact me by email and/or telephone to inform me of events, products, services and/or promotions offered in connection with the brands Thermo Scientific™, Applied Biosystems™, Invitrogen™, Gibco™, Ion Torrent ™, Unity Lab Services™, Fisher Scientifc™. I can withdraw my consent and unsubscribe at any time by emailing reply@thermofisher.com By submitting my data, I give consent to the collection, processing and use of my personal data in accordance with the Thermo Fisher Scientific Policy (thermofisher.com/privacypolicy).</label> </li></ul></div></li><li id="field_2_10" class="gfield gfield--type-hidden gform_hidden field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_2_10" ><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_10' id='input_2_10' type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' aria-invalid="false" value='Food' /></div></li><li id="field_2_11" class="gfield gfield--type-honeypot gform_validation_container field_sublabel_above gfield--has-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_2_11" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_2_11'>Comments</label><div class='ginput_container'><input name='input_11' id='input_2_11' type='text' value='' autocomplete='new-password'/></div><div class='gfield_description' id='gfield_description_2_11'>This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged.</div></li></ul></div> <div class='gform_footer top_label'> <input type='submit' id='gform_submit_button_2' class='gform_button button' value='Subscribe' onclick='if(window["gf_submitting_2"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_2")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_2")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_2"]=true;} ' onkeypress='if( event.keyCode == 13 ){ if(window["gf_submitting_2"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_2")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_2")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_2"]=true;} jQuery("#gform_2").trigger("submit",[true]); }' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='is_submit_2' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submit' value='2' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_unique_id' value='' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='state_2' value='WyJbXSIsImFiYmI5YzY2YWJjNDlmYzYwZjUzMTBiZjQ0NGIwZGNmIl0=' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_target_page_number_2' id='gform_target_page_number_2' value='0' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_source_page_number_2' id='gform_source_page_number_2' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_field_values' value='' /> </div> <p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="ak_"><label>Δ<textarea name="ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_2" name="ak_js" value="109"/><script>document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p></form> </div><script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {gformInitSpinner( 2, 'https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery('#gform_ajax_frame_2').on('load',function(){var contents = jQuery(this).contents().find('*').html();var is_postback = contents.indexOf('GF_AJAX_POSTBACK') >= 0;if(!is_postback){return;}var form_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_wrapper_2');var is_confirmation = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_confirmation_wrapper_2').length > 0;var is_redirect = contents.indexOf('gformRedirect(){') >= 0;var is_form = form_content.length > 0 && ! is_redirect && ! is_confirmation;var mt = parseInt(jQuery('html').css('margin-top'), 10) + parseInt(jQuery('body').css('margin-top'), 10) + 100;if(is_form){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_2').html(form_content.html());if(form_content.hasClass('gform_validation_error')){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_2').addClass('gform_validation_error');} else {jQuery('#gform_wrapper_2').removeClass('gform_validation_error');}setTimeout( function() { /* delay the scroll by 50 milliseconds to fix a bug in chrome */ }, 50 );if(window['gformInitDatepicker']) {gformInitDatepicker();}if(window['gformInitPriceFields']) {gformInitPriceFields();}var current_page = jQuery('#gform_source_page_number_2').val();gformInitSpinner( 2, 'https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery(document).trigger('gform_page_loaded', [2, current_page]);window['gf_submitting_2'] = false;}else if(!is_redirect){var confirmation_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('.GF_AJAX_POSTBACK').html();if(!confirmation_content){confirmation_content = contents;}jQuery('#gform_wrapper_2').replaceWith(confirmation_content);jQuery(document).trigger('gform_confirmation_loaded', [2]);window['gf_submitting_2'] = false;wp.a11y.speak(jQuery('#gform_confirmation_message_2').text());}else{jQuery('#gform_2').append(contents);if(window['gformRedirect']) {gformRedirect();}}jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "2", currentPage: "current_page", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_2" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_2"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_2" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [2, current_page] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 2, currentPage: current_page } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } );} ); /* ]]> */ </script> </div> </div></div><script>if(window.location.search.indexOf('post_id')!=-1){ window.close();}jQuery(document).ready(function ($) { $('p').mashSelectionSharer();});</script>  <script type="text/html" id="wpls--tmpl"> <li class="search-result"> <a href="<%= post.link %>"> <div class="wpls--item-title-wrap"> <h4 class="wpls--item-title"><%= post.title %></h4> </div> </a> </li> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* MonsterInsights Scroll Tracking */ if ( typeof(jQuery) !== 'undefined' ) { jQuery( document ).ready(function(){ function monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load() { if ( ( typeof(__gaTracker) !== 'undefined' && __gaTracker && __gaTracker.hasOwnProperty( "loaded" ) && __gaTracker.loaded == true ) || ( typeof(__gtagTracker) !== 'undefined' && __gtagTracker ) ) { (function(factory) { factory(jQuery); }(function($) { /* Scroll Depth */ "use strict"; var defaults = { percentage: true }; var $window = $(window), cache = [], scrollEventBound = false, lastPixelDepth = 0; /* * Plugin */ $.scrollDepth = function(options) { var startTime = +new Date(); options = $.extend({}, defaults, options); /* * Functions */ function sendEvent(action, label, scrollDistance, timing) { if ( 'undefined' === typeof MonsterInsightsObject || 'undefined' === typeof MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent ) { return; } var paramName = action.toLowerCase(); var fieldsArray = { send_to: 'G-GLBMEC03WF', non_interaction: true }; fieldsArray[paramName] = label; if (arguments.length > 3) { fieldsArray.scroll_timing = timing MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent('event', 'scroll_depth', fieldsArray); } else { MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent('event', 'scroll_depth', fieldsArray); } } function calculateMarks(docHeight) { return { '25%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.25, 10), '50%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.50, 10), '75%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.75, 10), /* Cushion to trigger 100% event in iOS */ '100%': docHeight - 5 }; } function checkMarks(marks, scrollDistance, timing) { /* Check each active mark */ $.each(marks, function(key, val) { if ( $.inArray(key, cache) === -1 && scrollDistance >= val ) { sendEvent('Percentage', key, scrollDistance, timing); cache.push(key); } }); } function rounded(scrollDistance) { /* Returns String */ return (Math.floor(scrollDistance/250) * 250).toString(); } function init() { bindScrollDepth(); } /* * Public Methods */ /* Reset Scroll Depth with the originally initialized options */ $.scrollDepth.reset = function() { cache = []; lastPixelDepth = 0; $window.off('scroll.scrollDepth'); bindScrollDepth(); }; /* Add DOM elements to be tracked */ $.scrollDepth.addElements = function(elems) { if (typeof elems == "undefined" || !$.isArray(elems)) { return; } $.merge(options.elements, elems); /* If scroll event has been unbound from window, rebind */ if (!scrollEventBound) { bindScrollDepth(); } }; /* Remove DOM elements currently tracked */ $.scrollDepth.removeElements = function(elems) { if (typeof elems == "undefined" || !$.isArray(elems)) { return; } $.each(elems, function(index, elem) { var inElementsArray = $.inArray(elem, options.elements); var inCacheArray = $.inArray(elem, cache); if (inElementsArray != -1) { options.elements.splice(inElementsArray, 1); } if (inCacheArray != -1) { cache.splice(inCacheArray, 1); } }); }; /* * Throttle function borrowed from: * Underscore.js 1.5.2 * http://underscorejs.org * (c) 2009-2013 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors * Underscore may be freely distributed under the MIT license. */ function throttle(func, wait) { var context, args, result; var timeout = null; var previous = 0; var later = function() { previous = new Date; timeout = null; result = func.apply(context, args); }; return function() { var now = new Date; if (!previous) previous = now; var remaining = wait - (now - previous); context = this; args = arguments; if (remaining <= 0) { clearTimeout(timeout); timeout = null; previous = now; result = func.apply(context, args); } else if (!timeout) { timeout = setTimeout(later, remaining); } return result; }; } /* * Scroll Event */ function bindScrollDepth() { scrollEventBound = true; $window.on('scroll.scrollDepth', throttle(function() { /* * We calculate document and window height on each scroll event to * account for dynamic DOM changes. */ var docHeight = $(document).height(), winHeight = window.innerHeight ? window.innerHeight : $window.height(), scrollDistance = $window.scrollTop() + winHeight, /* Recalculate percentage marks */ marks = calculateMarks(docHeight), /* Timing */ timing = +new Date - startTime; checkMarks(marks, scrollDistance, timing); }, 500)); } init(); }; /* UMD export */ return $.scrollDepth; })); jQuery.scrollDepth(); } else { setTimeout(monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load, 200); } } monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load(); }); } /* End MonsterInsights Scroll Tracking */ </script><script type="text/javascript" id="wpls-script-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wp_search_vars = {"helperText":"one more character","api":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/wp-json\/as\/v1\/all-posts\/5"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/wp-search-live/public/assets/js/wp-live-search.js?ver=0.9" id="wpls-script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/dist/dom-ready.min.js?ver=f77871ff7694fffea381" id="wp-dom-ready-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=2810c76e705dd1a53b18" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/dist/a11y.min.js?ver=d90eebea464f6c09bfd5" id="wp-a11y-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/placeholders.jquery.min.js?ver=2.8.17" id="gform_placeholder-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/vendor-theme.min.js?ver=54e7080aa7a02c83aa61fae430b9d869" id="gform_gravityforms_theme_vendors-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="gform_gravityforms_theme-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var gform_theme_config = {"common":{"form":{"honeypot":{"version_hash":"4a792b070322e711c2521ee9802c04ea"}}},"hmr_dev":"","public_path":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/food\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/assets\/js\/dist\/"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/scripts-theme.min.js?ver=bab19fd84843dabc070e73326d787910" id="gform_gravityforms_theme-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/tabs.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-tabs-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/themes/accelerating-science-blogs/js/scripts.js?ver=1.2.9.3" id="scripts-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="boxzilla-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var boxzilla_options = {"testMode":"","boxes":[{"id":9342,"icon":"×","content":"","css":{"position":"bottom-right"},"trigger":{"method":"percentage","value":35},"animation":"fade","cookie":{"triggered":0,"dismissed":0},"rehide":false,"position":"bottom-right","screenWidthCondition":null,"closable":true,"post":{"id":9342,"title":"Single Call to Action","slug":"single-call-to-action"}}]}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/boxzilla/assets/js/script.js?ver=3.3.1" id="boxzilla-js"></script> <script defer type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/plugins/akismet/_inc/akismet-frontend.js?ver=1722950842" id="akismet-frontend-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://stats.wp.com/e-202447.js" id="jetpack-stats-js" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="jetpack-stats-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ _stq = window._stq || []; _stq.push([ "view", JSON.parse("{\"v\":\"ext\",\"blog\":\"201348040\",\"post\":\"11493\",\"tz\":\"0\",\"srv\":\"www.thermofisher.com\",\"j\":\"1:13.9.1\"}") ]); _stq.push([ "clickTrackerInit", "201348040", "11493" ]); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() { jQuery(document).on('gform_post_render', function(event, formId, currentPage){if(formId == 2) {gformInitChosenFields('#input_2_7,#input_2_8','No results matched');if(typeof Placeholders != 'undefined'){ Placeholders.enable(); }} } );jQuery(document).on('gform_post_conditional_logic', function(event, formId, fields, isInit){gformInitChosenFields('#input_2_7,#input_2_8','No results matched');} ) } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "2", currentPage: "1", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_2" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_2"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_2" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [2, 1] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 2, currentPage: 1 } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/-JVF2Mt77XrPue0oWQ_DN-r_/XEYukNG8mrG8EimE/LFhk/MBsdTQN/rVQM"></script></body></html>