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For the guideline about users' own talk pages and the removal of posts and comments, see <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:OWNTALK" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:OWNTALK">WP:OWNTALK</a>.</div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"WP:PWN" redirects here. For professional wrestling notability, see <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:PW/N" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:PW/N">WP:PW/N</a>.</div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This page is about control over an article's text. For the ownership of copyright in an article, see <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights" title="Wikipedia:Copyrights">Wikipedia:Copyrights</a>.</div> <table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><img alt="Green check.svg" src="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/30px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/45px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/60px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></td><td class="mbox-text"><div style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 5px;"><b>This page documents an English Wikipedia <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">policy</a>.</b><br/><div style="font-size: 90%;">It describes a widely accepted standard that all editors should <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:What_%22Ignore_all_rules%22_means#Use_common_sense" title="Wikipedia:What "Ignore all rules" means">normally</a> follow. Changes made to it should reflect <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">consensus</a>.</div></div></td><td class="mbox-imageright"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r911143475">.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;border:1px solid #aaa;background:#fff;margin:0 0 0 1em;padding:0.3em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;margin-bottom:0.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}.mw-parser-output li .module-shortcutanchordiv{float:right}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:OWN"></span><span id="WP:OWNER"></span><span id="WP:OWNERSHIP"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain plainlist noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:OWN&redirect=no">WP:OWN</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:OWNER&redirect=no">WP:OWNER</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:OWNERSHIP&redirect=no">WP:OWNERSHIP</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/30px-Walnut.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/45px-Walnut.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/60px-Walnut.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192"/></td><td class="mbox-text"><b>This page in a nutshell:</b> No one "owns" content (including articles or any page at Wikipedia). If you create or edit an article, others can make changes, and you cannot prevent them from doing so. In addition, you should not undo their edits without good reason. Disagreements should be <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution" title="Wikipedia:Dispute resolution">calmly resolved</a>, starting with a discussion on the article talk page.</td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="vertical-navbox nowraplinks plainlist" style="float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;width:auto;background:#f5faff;font-size:90%;line-height:1.6em; width:200px;clear:right"><tbody><tr><th style="background:#cee0f2;;padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em;font-size:130%;padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em; display:block;margin-bottom:6px;"><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies#Conduct" title="Wikipedia:List of policies">Conduct policies</a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em;padding-top:0.15em;"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy#Evasion_of_blocks" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">Block evasion</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Canvassing" title="Wikipedia:Canvassing">Canvassing</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Civility" title="Wikipedia:Civility">Civility</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Clean_start" title="Wikipedia:Clean start">Clean start</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">Consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution" title="Wikipedia:Dispute resolution">Dispute resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_warring" title="Wikipedia:Edit warring">Edit warring</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Editing_policy" title="Wikipedia:Editing policy">Editing policy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Harassment" title="Wikipedia:Harassment">Harassment</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:No_personal_attacks" title="Wikipedia:No personal attacks">No personal attacks</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ownership of content</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Sock_puppetry" title="Wikipedia:Sock puppetry">Sock puppetry</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Username_policy" title="Wikipedia:Username policy">Username policy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Vandalism" title="Wikipedia:Vandalism">Vandalism</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align:right;font-size:115%"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Conduct_policy_list" title="Template:Conduct policy list"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Conduct_policy_list" title="Template talk:Conduct policy list"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Conduct_policy_list&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>All <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> content—articles, categories, templates, and other types of pages—is edited collaboratively. <b>No one</b>, no matter how skilled, or how high-standing in the community, has the right to act as though they are the <i>owner</i> of a particular page. Also, a person or an organization <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest" title="Wikipedia:Conflict of interest">that is the subject</a> of an article does not own the article, and has no right to dictate what the article may say. </p><p>Some contributors feel possessive about material they have contributed to Wikipedia. A few editors will even defend such material against others. It is quite reasonable to take an interest in an article on a topic you care about—perhaps you are an expert, or perhaps it is just your hobby; however, if this watchfulness starts to become possessiveness, then you are overdoing it. Believing that an article has an owner of this sort is a <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoiding_common_mistakes" title="Wikipedia:Avoiding common mistakes">common mistake</a> people make on Wikipedia. </p><p>Once you have posted it to Wikipedia, you cannot stop anyone from editing text you have written. As each edit page clearly states: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047036">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><b>Work submitted to Wikipedia can be edited, used, and redistributed—by anyone</b></p></blockquote> <p>Similarly, by submitting your ideas (for article organization, categorization, style, standards, etc.) to Wikipedia, you allow others to challenge and develop them. </p><p>If you find yourself in an <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_warring" title="Wikipedia:Edit warring">edit war</a> with other contributors, why not take some time off from the editing process? Taking yourself out of the equation can cool things off considerably. Take a fresh look a week or two later. Or, if someone else is claiming "ownership" of a page, you can bring it up on the associated talk page, appeal to other contributors, or consider the <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Resolving_disputes" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Resolving disputes">dispute resolution</a> process. </p><p>Even though editors can never "own" an article, it is important to respect the work and ideas of your fellow contributors. Therefore, be cautious when removing or rewriting large amounts of content, particularly if this content was written by one editor; it is more effective to try to work with the editor than against them—even if you think they are acting as if they "own" the article. (See also <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Civility" title="Wikipedia:Civility">Wikipedia:Civility</a>, <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Etiquette" title="Wikipedia:Etiquette">Wikipedia:Etiquette</a>, and <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_good_faith" title="Wikipedia:Assume good faith">Wikipedia:Assume good faith</a>.) </p><p>Provided that contributions and input from fellow editors are not ignored or immediately disregarded, being the primary or sole editor of an article does not constitute ownership. Editors familiar with the topic and in possession of relevant reliable sources may have watchlisted such articles and may discuss or amend others' edits. Provided this does not marginalise the valid opinions of others, and is adequately justified, it too does not equal ownership. Often these editors can be approached and may offer assistance to those unfamiliar with the article. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"/><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Types_of_ownership"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Types of ownership</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Single-editor_ownership"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Single-editor ownership</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Multiple-editor_ownership"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Multiple-editor ownership</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Ownership_and_stewardship"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Ownership and stewardship</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Featured_articles"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Featured articles</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#User_pages"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">User pages</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Resolving_ownership_issues"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Resolving ownership issues</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Examples_of_ownership_behaviour"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Examples of ownership behaviour</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Actions"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Actions</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Statements"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Statements</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Types_of_ownership">Types of ownership</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Types of ownership">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>There are two common types of ownership conflicts between users: those involving <i>one editor</i> and those involving <i>multiple editors</i>. </p><p>While ownership behavior is often understood to involve the original creator of the article, it can also involve other editors who have conflicting interests in promoting or opposing the subject, hijacking the original article's direction and emphasis, changing the title to reflect such changes, or, if unsuccessful, actually deleting the article as a form of revenge. </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Single-editor_ownership">Single-editor ownership</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Single-editor ownership">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <p>In many cases (but not all), single editors engaged in ownership conflicts are also <i>primary contributors</i> to the article, so keep in mind that such editors may be experts in their field or have a genuine interest in maintaining the quality of the article and preserving accuracy. An editor who appears to assume ownership of an article should be approached on the article's talk page with a descriptive header informing readers about the topic. Always avoid accusations, attacks, and speculations concerning the motivation of any editor. If the behaviour continues, the issue may require dispute resolution, but it is important to make a good attempt to communicate with the editor on the article talk page before proceeding to mediation, etc. Editors of this type often welcome discussion, so a simple exchange of ideas will usually solve the problem of ownership. </p><p>If you find that the editor continues to be hostile, makes personal attacks, or wages <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Edit war">edit wars</a>, try to ignore <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Disruptive_editing" title="Wikipedia:Disruptive editing">disruptive editing</a> by discussing the topic on the talk page. You may need to ignore attacks made in response to a query. If ownership persists after a discussion, <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:DR" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:DR">dispute resolution</a> may be necessary, but at least you will be on record as having attempted to solve the problem directly with the editor. It is important to make a good attempt to communicate with the editor on the article talk page before proceeding to mediation, etc. It may also be wise to allow them to withdraw from the conversation and return when they are ready. </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Multiple-editor_ownership">Multiple-editor ownership</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Multiple-editor ownership">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <p>The involvement of multiple editors, each defending the ownership of the other, can be highly complex. The simplest scenario usually consists of a dominant editor who is defended by other editors, reinforcing the former's ownership. This is often informally described as a <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Tag_team" title="Wikipedia:Tag team">tag team</a>, and can be frustrating to both new and seasoned editors. As before, address the topic and not the actions of the editors. If this fails, proceed to dispute resolution, but it is important to communicate on the talk page and attempt to resolve the dispute yourself <em>before</em> escalating the conflict resolution process. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Ownership_and_stewardship">Ownership and stewardship</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ownership and stewardship">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r911143475"/><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:OAS"></span><span id="WP:STEWARDSHIP"></span><span id="WP:SHEPHERD"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain plainlist noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:OAS&redirect=no">WP:OAS</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:STEWARDSHIP&redirect=no">WP:STEWARDSHIP</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SHEPHERD&redirect=no">WP:SHEPHERD</a></span></li></ul></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"WP:STEWARDSHIP" redirects here. For the group of users, see <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Stewards" class="extiw" title="meta:Stewards">meta:Stewards</a>.</div> <p>Unless an editor <a href="#Examples_of_ownership_behaviour">exhibits behaviour associated with ownership</a>, it's best to <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_good_faith" title="Wikipedia:Assume good faith">assume good faith</a> on their part and regard their behavior as stewardship. Stewardship or shepherding of an article or group of related articles may be the result of a sincere personal interest in the subject matter or in a cause or organization related to it. The editor might also be an expert or otherwise very knowledgeable in the subject matter and able to provide credible insights for locating <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources">reliable sources</a>. The editors in question are no less responsible for adhering to core policies like <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutrality of viewpoint</a>, <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifiability</a> with reliable sources, and <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Civility" title="Wikipedia:Civility">civility</a>. </p><p>Wikipedia is the encyclopedia that "anyone can edit", but not all edits bring improvement. In many cases, a core group of editors will have worked to build the article up to its present state and will revert edits that they find detrimental in order, they believe, to preserve the quality of the encyclopedia. Such reversion does not indicate an "ownership" problem, if it is supported by an edit summary referring to Wikipedia policies and guidelines, previous reviews and discussions, or specific grammar or prose problems introduced by the edit. </p><p>Where disagreement persists after such a reversion, the editor proposing the change should first take the matter to the talk page, without <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:No_personal_attacks" title="Wikipedia:No personal attacks">personal comments</a> or accusations of ownership. In this way, the specifics of any change can be discussed with the editors who are familiar with the article, who are likewise expected to discuss the content civilly. This is in keeping with the <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:BRD" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:BRD">BRD cycle</a>, which stands for <b><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Be_bold" title="Wikipedia:Be bold">bold</a>, <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Revert" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Revert">revert</a>, <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_page_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines">discuss</a></b>. Though not an official <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">policy or guideline</a>, it is a dependable method for <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution" title="Wikipedia:Dispute resolution">dispute resolution</a>. </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Featured_articles">Featured articles</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Featured articles">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r911143475"/><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:FAOWN"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain plainlist noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAOWN&redirect=no">WP:FAOWN</a></span></li></ul></div> <p>While <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_articles" title="Wikipedia:Featured articles">Featured articles</a> (identified by a bronze star in the upper-right corner <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LinkFA-star.png" class="image"><img alt="LinkFA-star.png" src="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/60/LinkFA-star.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14"/></a>) are open for editing like any other, they have gone through a community review process as <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_article_candidates" title="Wikipedia:Featured article candidates">Featured article candidates</a>, where they are checked for high-quality sources, a thorough survey of the relevant literature, and compliance with <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_article_criteria" title="Wikipedia:Featured article criteria">the Featured Article criteria</a>. Editors are asked to take particular care when editing a Featured article; it is considerate to discuss significant changes of text or images on the talk page first. Explaining civilly why sources and policies support a particular version of a featured article does not necessarily constitute ownership. The {{<a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Article_history" title="Template:Article history">article history</a>}} template on the talk page will contain a link to the Featured article candidacy and any subsequent <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_article_review" title="Wikipedia:Featured article review">Featured article reviews</a>. </p><p><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles" title="Wikipedia:Good articles">Good articles</a> (identified by a green circle in the upper-right corner <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Symbol_support_vote.svg" class="image"><img alt="Symbol support vote.svg" src="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/14px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/21px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/28px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185"/></a>) have gone through a lighter peer review process than Featured articles, generally by a single editor, to check basic requirements of prose, factual accuracy, and scope. All editors are welcome to make changes and improve the article, but some discussion of significant changes is recommended, and the editors participating in the review may be able to offer advice and work with you on improving the article further. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="User_pages">User pages</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: User pages">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main pages: <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages" title="Wikipedia:User pages">Wikipedia:User pages</a> and <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_page_guidelines#User_talk_pages" title="Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines">Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines § User talk pages</a></div> <p>Wikipedia offers wide latitude to users to manage their user <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Namespace" title="Wikipedia:Namespace">space</a> as they see fit. Nevertheless, they are not personal homepages, and <b>are not owned by the user</b>. They are part of Wikipedia and must serve its primary purposes; in particular, user talk pages make communication and collaboration among editors easier. These functions must not be hampered by ownership behavior. </p><p>While other users and bots will more commonly edit your <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Using_talk_pages" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Using talk pages">user talk page</a>, they have rights to edit other pages in your user space as well. Usually others will not edit your primary user page, other than to address significant concerns (rarely) or to do routine housekeeping, such as handling project-related tags, disambiguating links to pages that have been moved, removing the page from categories meant for articles, or removing obvious vandalism and/or <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:BLP" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:BLP">BLP</a> violations. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Resolving_ownership_issues">Resolving ownership issues</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Resolving ownership issues">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>While it may be easy to identify ownership issues, it is far more difficult to resolve the conflict to the satisfaction of the editors involved. It is always helpful to remember to <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:COOL" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:COOL">stay calm</a>, <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:AGF" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:AGF">assume good faith</a>, and remain <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:CIV" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CIV">civil</a>. Accusing other editors of owning the article may appear aggressive, and could be perceived as a personal attack. Address the editor in a civil manner, with the same amount of respect you would expect. Often, editors accused of ownership may not even realize it, so it is important to assume good faith. Some editors may think they are protecting the article from vandalism, and may respond to any changes with hostility. Others may try to promote their own point of view, failing to recognize the importance of the <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:NPOV" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NPOV">neutrality</a> policy. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Examples_of_ownership_behaviour">Examples of ownership behaviour</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Examples of ownership behaviour">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>If an editor consistently demonstrates behavior similar to that shown in the following examples in a certain article talk page, then they probably have issues with page ownership. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r911143475"/><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:OWNBEHAVIOR"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain plainlist noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:OWNBEHAVIOR&redirect=no">WP:OWNBEHAVIOR</a></span></li></ul></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:No_personal_attacks" title="Wikipedia:No personal attacks">Wikipedia:No personal attacks</a></div> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Actions">Actions</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Actions">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <ul><li>An editor disputes minor edits concerning layout, image use, and wording in a particular article frequently. The editor might claim, whether openly or implicitly, the right to review any changes before they can be added to the article. (This does not include the routine maintenance of article consistency, such as preservation of established <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:ENGVAR" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:ENGVAR">spelling</a> or <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:CITEVAR" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CITEVAR">citation styles</a>.)</li> <li>An editor reverts justified article changes by different editors repeatedly over an extended period to protect a certain version, stable or not.</li> <li>An editor reverts a change simply because the editor finds it "unnecessary" without claiming that the change is detrimental. This has the effect of assigning priority, between two equivalent versions, to an owner's version.</li> <li>An editor reverts a good-faith change without providing an edit summary that refers to relevant Wikipedia policies and guidelines, previous reviews and discussions, reliable sources, or specific grammar or prose problems introduced by the edit. Repeating such no-reason reversions after being asked for a rationale is a strong indicator of ownership behavior.</li> <li>An editor comments on other editors' talk pages with the purpose of discouraging them from making additional contributions. The discussion can take many forms; it may be purely negative, consisting of threats and insults, often avoiding the topic of the article altogether. At the other extreme, the owner may patronize other editors, claiming that their ideas are interesting while also claiming that they lack the deep understanding of the subject necessary to edit the article (see the first two comments in the Statements section just below).</li> <li>Sometimes a newcomer puts his or her name into the article as the author. Since no one "owns" any Wikipedia content, content should not be <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Signatures" title="Wikipedia:Signatures">signed</a>. The exact contributions of all editors are seen with their names on the <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">page history</a>. On the other hand, when adding comments, questions, or votes to <i>talk pages</i>, it is good to "own" your text, so the best practice is to <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Sign_your_posts_on_talk_pages" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Sign your posts on talk pages">sign</a> it by suffixing your entry with "~~~~".</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Statements">Statements</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Statements">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <p>Although the following statements, seen in isolation from any context or other statements, do not indicate ownership behavior or motivation, they may be part of a pattern that indicates ownership behavior. When they occur along with some form of dogged insistence and relentless pushing, without good policy back up, and often including edit warring, they may be an expression of ownership behavior. </p> <ul><li>"Are you qualified to edit this article?" / "This editor is more qualified than you"</li> <li>"You obviously have no hands-on experience with this topic."</li> <li>"I created/wrote the majority of this article." (Implying some kind of right or status exists because of that.)</li> <li>"I saw your edit to this article, and I appreciate your enthusiasm; however, I am an expert on the subject, and for the accuracy of this article, I have reverted your edit. If you have any suggestions, please put them in the talk page and I will review them."</li> <li>"This editor disagrees with your view that a given source is reliable, so it's clearly unreliable" (multiple-editor ownership)</li> <li>"Please clear this with WikiProject Z first."</li> <li>"Undo peanut-gallery editor."</li> <li>"I can see nothing wrong with the article and there is no need to change anything at all."</li> <li>"Do not make such changes or comments until you have significantly edited or written work of this quality."</li> <li>"Unless it is wrong or has errors, please do not make such changes or comments without my/his/her/our approval."</li> <li>"You didn't have consensus because I was offline."</li> <li>"I haven't had time to confirm what you wrote. I have other obligations besides Wikipedia, you know."</li> <li>"I don't own that book, so I can't confirm your source."</li> <li>"I have spent hours editing this article. You are vandalizing my work!"</li> <li>"You hadn't edited the article or talk page previously as a history search shows."</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus#Levels_of_consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">Wikipedia:Consensus § Levels of consensus</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/http://communitywiki.org/en/AuthorshipModel">AuthorshipModel</a> – A discussion of authorship of Wiki pages on the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/http://communitywiki.org/en/SiteMap">CommunityWiki</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_key_policies_and_guidelines_(?)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_policies_and_guidelines" title="Template:Wikipedia policies and guidelines"><abbr title="View this template" style="text-align: center;;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_policies_and_guidelines" title="Template talk:Wikipedia policies and guidelines"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="text-align: center;;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Wikipedia_policies_and_guidelines&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="text-align: center;;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_key_policies_and_guidelines_(?)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Wikipedia key <a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">policies and guidelines</a> <abbr title="Wikipedia's policies and guidelines are developed by the community to describe best practices, clarify principles, resolve conflicts, and otherwise further our goal">(?)</abbr></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="*_Five_pillars_**_What_Wikipedia_is_not_**_Ignore_all_rules"> <ul><li><b><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Five_pillars" title="Wikipedia:Five pillars">Five pillars</a></b> <ul><li><b><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">What Wikipedia is not</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_all_rules" title="Wikipedia:Ignore all rules">Ignore all rules</a></b></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Content <abbr title="defines the scope of the encyclopedia and the material that is suitable for it">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><img alt="Policies" src="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/17px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Policies" width="17" height="17" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/34px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">Verifiability</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">No original research</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">Neutral point of view</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">What Wikipedia is not</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">Biographies of living persons</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Image_use_policy" title="Wikipedia:Image use policy">Image use</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_titles" title="Wikipedia:Article titles">Article titles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><img alt="Guidelines" src="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/17px-Blue_check.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Guidelines" width="17" height="17" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/26px-Blue_check.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/34px-Blue_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability" title="Wikipedia:Notability">Notability</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Autobiography" title="Wikipedia:Autobiography">Autobiography</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">Citing sources</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">Reliable sources</a> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)">medicine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Do_not_include_the_full_text_of_lengthy_primary_sources" title="Wikipedia:Do not include the full text of lengthy primary sources">Do not include copies of lengthy primary sources</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Plagiarism" title="Wikipedia:Plagiarism">Plagiarism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Do_not_create_hoaxes" title="Wikipedia:Do not create hoaxes">Don't create hoaxes</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Fringe_theories" title="Wikipedia:Fringe theories">Fringe theories</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Patent_nonsense" title="Wikipedia:Patent nonsense">Patent nonsense</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">External links</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Conduct <abbr title="describes how editors can successfully collaborate and what behavior is acceptable">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><img alt="Policies" src="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/17px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Policies" width="17" height="17" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/34px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Civility" title="Wikipedia:Civility">Civility</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">Consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Editing_policy" title="Wikipedia:Editing policy">Editing policy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Harassment" title="Wikipedia:Harassment">Harassment</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Vandalism" title="Wikipedia:Vandalism">Vandalism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_all_rules" title="Wikipedia:Ignore all rules">Ignore all rules</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:No_personal_attacks" title="Wikipedia:No personal attacks">No personal attacks</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ownership of content</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_warring" title="Wikipedia:Edit warring">Edit warring</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution" title="Wikipedia:Dispute resolution">Dispute resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Sock_puppetry" title="Wikipedia:Sock puppetry">Sock puppetry</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:No_legal_threats" title="Wikipedia:No legal threats">No legal threats</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Child_protection" title="Wikipedia:Child protection">Child protection</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Paid-contribution_disclosure" title="Wikipedia:Paid-contribution disclosure">Paid-contribution disclosure</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><img alt="Guidelines" src="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/17px-Blue_check.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Guidelines" width="17" height="17" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/26px-Blue_check.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/34px-Blue_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_good_faith" title="Wikipedia:Assume good faith">Assume good faith</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest" title="Wikipedia:Conflict of interest">Conflict of interest</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Disruptive_editing" title="Wikipedia:Disruptive editing">Disruptive editing</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Do_not_disrupt_Wikipedia_to_illustrate_a_point" title="Wikipedia:Do not disrupt Wikipedia to illustrate a point">Do not disrupt Wikipedia to illustrate a point</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Etiquette" title="Wikipedia:Etiquette">Etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Gaming_the_system" title="Wikipedia:Gaming the system">Gaming the system</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_do_not_bite_the_newcomers" title="Wikipedia:Please do not bite the newcomers">Please do not bite the newcomers</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Courtesy_vanishing" title="Wikipedia:Courtesy vanishing">Courtesy vanishing</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Responding_to_threats_of_harm" title="Wikipedia:Responding to threats of harm">Responding to threats of harm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Deletion <abbr title="explains the processes by which pages, revisions, and logs may be deleted">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=Policies&#124;Policies" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><img alt="Policies" src="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/17px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Policies" width="17" height="17" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/34px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy" title="Wikipedia:Deletion policy">Deletion policy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Proposed_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Proposed deletion">Proposed deletion</a> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Proposed_deletion_of_biographies_of_living_people" title="Wikipedia:Proposed deletion of biographies of living people">Biographies</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Proposed_deletion_(books)" title="Wikipedia:Proposed deletion (books)">Books</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Criteria_for_speedy_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Criteria for speedy deletion">Criteria for speedy deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Attack_page" title="Wikipedia:Attack page">Attack page</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Oversight" title="Wikipedia:Oversight">Oversight</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Revision_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Revision deletion">Revision deletion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Enforcement <abbr title="explains the various means by which standards may be enforced">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=Policies&#124;Policies" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><img alt="Policies" src="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/17px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Policies" width="17" height="17" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/34px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators" title="Wikipedia:Administrators">Administrators</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Banning_policy" title="Wikipedia:Banning policy">Banning</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">Blocking</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy" title="Wikipedia:Protection policy">Page protection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Editing <abbr title="documents the various protocols about style and grouping">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=Guidelines&#124;Guidelines" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><img alt="Guidelines" src="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/17px-Blue_check.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Guidelines" width="17" height="17" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/26px-Blue_check.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/34px-Blue_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_size" title="Wikipedia:Article size">Article size</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Be_bold" title="Wikipedia:Be bold">Be bold</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Disambiguation" title="Wikipedia:Disambiguation">Disambiguation</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Hatnote" title="Wikipedia:Hatnote">Hatnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_page_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines">Talk page guidelines</a> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Signatures" title="Wikipedia:Signatures">Signatures</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Broad-concept_article" title="Wikipedia:Broad-concept article">Broad-concept article</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;">Style</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">Manual of Style</a> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Contents" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Contents">Contents</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Accessibility" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility">Accessibility</a> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Make_technical_articles_understandable" title="Wikipedia:Make technical articles understandable">Understandability</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">Dates and numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Images" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Images">Images</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Layout" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout">Layout</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">Lead section</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Linking" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking">Linking</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lists" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists">Lists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Categories,_lists,_and_navigation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Categories, lists, and navigation templates">Categories, lists, and navigation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization" title="Wikipedia:Categorization">Categorization</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template namespace">Template namespace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Project content <abbr title="protocols related to administration">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=Guidelines&#124;Guidelines" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><img alt="Guidelines" src="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/17px-Blue_check.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Guidelines" width="17" height="17" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/26px-Blue_check.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/34px-Blue_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">Project namespace</a> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Guide" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Council/Guide">WikiProjects</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages" title="Wikipedia:User pages">User pages</a> <ul><li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Userboxes" title="Wikipedia:Userboxes">User boxes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Subpages" title="Wikipedia:Subpages">Subpages</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;;background: #dddddd;"><abbr title="Wikimedia Foundation">WMF</abbr> <abbr title="official policies and statements of the Wikimedia Foundation">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=Policies&#124;Policies" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal; background: #e6e6e6;"><img alt="Policies" src="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/17px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Policies" width="17" height="17" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/34px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policies" class="extiw" title="wmf:Policies">List of policies</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Friendly_space_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Friendly space policy">Friendly space policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Licensing_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Resolution:Licensing policy">Licensing and copyright</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Privacy policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://wikimediafoundation.org/about/values" class="extiw" title="foundationsite:about/values">Values</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/FAQ" class="extiw" title="donate:FAQ">FAQ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;;font-weight: normal;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:List of policies and guidelines">List of all policies and guidelines</a></b> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/15px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/23px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/30px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/> <b><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies" title="Wikipedia:List of policies">List of policies</a></b></li> <li><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/15px-Blue_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/23px-Blue_check.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/30px-Blue_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/> <b><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:List of guidelines">List of guidelines</a></b></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Principles" title="Wikipedia:Principles">Lists of attempts in creating fundamental principles</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="//web.archive.org/web/20200408223004im_/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" title="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload"><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-specialpages"><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</a></li><li id="t-permalink"><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content&oldid=947197524" title="Permanent link to this revision of the page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info"><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li 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id="p-coll-print_export-label"> Print/export </h3> <div class="body"> <ul><li id="coll-create_a_book"><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Wikipedia%3AOwnership+of+content">Create a book</a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl"><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ElectronPdf&page=Wikipedia%3AOwnership+of+content&action=show-download-screen">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print"><a href="/web/20200408223004/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li></ul> </div> </div> <div class="portal" role="navigation" id="p-lang" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label"> <h3 id="p-lang-label"> Languages </h3> <div class="body"> <ul><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Eigentum_an_Artikeln" title="Wikipedia:Eigentum an Artikeln – Alemannisch" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ويكيبيديا:ملكية المقالات – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE" title="ৱিকিপিডিয়া:প্ৰবন্ধৰ অধিকাৰিতা – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86_%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%8C%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="ویکی‌پدیا:مقاله‌لرین یییه‌لیگی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="উইকিপিডিয়া:নিবন্ধের মালিকানা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%85%D1%83_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Уикипедия:Право на собственост върху статии – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Perc%27henniezh" title="Wikipedia:Perc'henniezh – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedie:Vlastn%C4%9Bn%C3%AD_%C4%8Dl%C3%A1nk%C5%AF" title="Wikipedie:Vlastnění článků – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Eigentum_an_Artikeln" title="Wikipedia:Eigentum an Artikeln – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Propiedad_de_los_art%C3%ADculos" title="Wikipedia:Propiedad de los artículos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7" title="ویکی‌پدیا:مالکیت محتوا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Appropriation_d%27un_article" title="Wikipédia:Appropriation d'un article – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Propiedade_do_contido" title="Wikipedia:Propiedade do contido – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%EC%9D%98_%EC%86%8C%EC%9C%A0%EA%B6%8C" title="위키백과:문서의 소유권 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Vlasni%C5%A1tvo_nad_%C4%8Dlancima" title="Wikipedija:Vlasništvo nad člancima – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kepemilikan_konten" title="Wikipedia:Kepemilikan konten – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Eignun_greina" title="Wikipedia:Eignun greina – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94:%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9D" title="ויקיפדיה:בעלות על ערכים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_%E2%80%94_%D0%B1%D2%B1%D0%BB_%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D2%B1%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81" title="Уикипедия:Мақала — бұл бірлескен жұмыс – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedija:Nuosavyb%C4%97" title="Vikipedija:Nuosavybė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:A_sz%C3%B3cikkeknek_nincs_tulajdonosuk" title="Wikipédia:A szócikkeknek nincs tulajdonosuk – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Википедија:Сопствеништво на статии – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:Ownership_of_articles" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ:Ownership of articles – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="विकिपीडिया:सामग्रीची मालकी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Pemilikan_rencana" title="Wikipedia:Pemilikan rencana – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E8%A8%98%E4%BA%8B%E3%81%AE%E6%89%80%E6%9C%89%E6%A8%A9" title="Wikipedia:記事の所有権 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Czyj%C4%85_w%C5%82asno%C5%9Bci%C4%85_s%C4%85_artyku%C5%82y" title="Wikipedia:Czyją własnością są artykuły – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Propriedade_dos_artigos" title="Wikipédia:Propriedade dos artigos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B8" title="Википедия:Собственность на статьи – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F:Ownership_of_articles" title="විකිපීඩියා:Ownership of articles – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Ownership_of_articles" title="Wikipedia:Ownership of articles – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8E%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86_%D8%A8%DB%95_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95%DA%95%DB%86%DA%A9%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%95%D9%88%DB%95" title="ویکیپیدیا:خاوەندارێتیکردن بە ناوەڕۆکەکانەوە – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Википедија:Власништво над чланцима – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Vlasni%C5%A1tvo_nad_%C4%8Dlancima" title="Wikipedia:Vlasništvo nad člancima – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikkelien_omistus" title="Wikipedia:Artikkelien omistus – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%C3%84garskap_av_artiklar" title="Wikipedia:Ägarskap av artiklar – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B3%D3%99_%D1%85%D1%83%D2%97%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83" title="Википедия:Мәкаләләргә хуҗа булу – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча/tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2_%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%82" title="వికీపీడియా:వ్యాసాల యాజమాన్యత్వం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408223004/https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1" title="วิกิพีเดีย:ความเป็นเจ้าของบทความ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li 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