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1928 Democratic National Convention - Wikipedia
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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">U.S. political event held in Houston, Texas</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:320px;"><caption class="infobox-title">1928 Democratic National Convention</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight: bold;"><a href="/wiki/1928_United_States_presidential_election" title="1928 United States presidential election">1928 presidential election</a><br /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AlfredSmith_(3x4).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/AlfredSmith_%283x4%29.png/100px-AlfredSmith_%283x4%29.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/AlfredSmith_%283x4%29.png/150px-AlfredSmith_%283x4%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/AlfredSmith_%283x4%29.png/200px-AlfredSmith_%283x4%29.png 2x" data-file-width="335" data-file-height="446" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AR_Joseph_Robinson_(3x4).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/AR_Joseph_Robinson_%283x4%29.jpg/100px-AR_Joseph_Robinson_%283x4%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/AR_Joseph_Robinson_%283x4%29.jpg/150px-AR_Joseph_Robinson_%283x4%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/AR_Joseph_Robinson_%283x4%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="169" data-file-height="225" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Nominees <br /> Smith and Robinson</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#34AAE0; color:#000;">Convention</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">June 26–28, 1928</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">City</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Houston,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Houston, Texas">Houston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Venue</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Houston_Hall" title="Sam Houston Hall">Sam Houston Hall</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#34AAE0; color:#000;">Candidates</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Presidential nominee</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Al_Smith" title="Al Smith">Alfred E. Smith</a> of <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Vice-presidential nominee</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Taylor_Robinson" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Taylor Robinson">Joseph T. Robinson</a> of <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint" style="background:#73C2FB;">‹ <a href="/wiki/1924_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1924 Democratic National Convention">1924</a> · <a href="/wiki/1932_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1932 Democratic National Convention">1932</a> ›</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1928_DNC_IMG_8470.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/1928_DNC_IMG_8470.jpg/220px-1928_DNC_IMG_8470.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/1928_DNC_IMG_8470.jpg/330px-1928_DNC_IMG_8470.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/1928_DNC_IMG_8470.jpg/440px-1928_DNC_IMG_8470.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="328" /></a><figcaption>Photograph of the convention</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>1928 Democratic National Convention</b> was held at <a href="/wiki/Sam_Houston_Hall" title="Sam Houston Hall">Sam Houston Hall</a> in <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, June 26–28, 1928. The <a href="/wiki/Keynote_speaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Keynote speaker">keynote speaker</a> was <a href="/wiki/Claude_G._Bowers" title="Claude G. Bowers">Claude G. Bowers</a>. The convention<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> resulted in the nomination of <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of New York">Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Al_Smith" title="Al Smith">Alfred E. Smith</a> of <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> for <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Taylor_Robinson" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Taylor Robinson">Joseph T. Robinson</a> of <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> for <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">vice president</a>. </p><p>The convention was the first held by either party in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">South</a> since the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a>. It was also the first to nominate a <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> for president, Al Smith. The Texas delegation, led by <a href="/wiki/Dan_Moody" title="Dan Moody">Governor Dan Moody</a>, was vehemently opposed to Smith. Therefore, when Smith was nominated, they rallied against his anti-<a href="/wiki/Prohibition_in_the_United_States" title="Prohibition in the United States">prohibition</a> sentiment by fighting for a "dry", prohibitionist platform. Ultimately, the convention pledged "honest enforcement of the Constitution". </p><p>Smith became the first Democrat since <a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_era_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Reconstruction era of the United States">Reconstruction</a> to lose more than one southern state in the <a href="/wiki/1928_United_States_presidential_election" title="1928 United States presidential election">general election</a>, due to his "wet" stance, his opposition to the <a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, and his Catholicism. </p><p>The election was held in very hot summer weather in a venue without <a href="/wiki/Air_conditioning" title="Air conditioning">air conditioning</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presidential_nomination">Presidential nomination</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1928_Democratic_National_Convention&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Presidential nomination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidential_candidates">Presidential candidates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1928_Democratic_National_Convention&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Presidential candidates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 815px;text-align:center;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Unsuccessful_1928.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Governor Al Smith of New York"><img alt="Governor Al Smith of New York" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Unsuccessful_1928.jpg/90px-Unsuccessful_1928.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Unsuccessful_1928.jpg/135px-Unsuccessful_1928.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Unsuccessful_1928.jpg/180px-Unsuccessful_1928.jpg 2x" data-file-width="566" data-file-height="754" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_New_York" title="List of governors of New York">Governor</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Al_Smith" title="Al Smith">Al Smith</a></b><br />of <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hull-Cordell-LOC.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Representative Cordell Hull of Tennessee"><img alt="Representative Cordell Hull of Tennessee" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Hull-Cordell-LOC.jpg/81px-Hull-Cordell-LOC.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Hull-Cordell-LOC.jpg/122px-Hull-Cordell-LOC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Hull-Cordell-LOC.jpg/163px-Hull-Cordell-LOC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="972" data-file-height="1429" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 4th congressional district">Representative</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Cordell_Hull" title="Cordell Hull">Cordell Hull</a></b><br />of <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a><br /></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sen._Walter_F._George_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Senator Walter F. George of Georgia"><img alt="Senator Walter F. George of Georgia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Sen._Walter_F._George_%28cropped%29.jpg/91px-Sen._Walter_F._George_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Sen._Walter_F._George_%28cropped%29.jpg/136px-Sen._Walter_F._George_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Sen._Walter_F._George_%28cropped%29.jpg/182px-Sen._Walter_F._George_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1082" data-file-height="1426" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Georgia" title="List of United States senators from Georgia">Senator</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Walter_F._George" title="Walter F. George">Walter F. George</a></b><br />of <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sen._Jas._A._Reed_LCCN2016848785_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Senator James A. Reed of Missouri"><img alt="Senator James A. Reed of Missouri" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Sen._Jas._A._Reed_LCCN2016848785_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-Sen._Jas._A._Reed_LCCN2016848785_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Sen._Jas._A._Reed_LCCN2016848785_%28cropped%29.jpg/135px-Sen._Jas._A._Reed_LCCN2016848785_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Sen._Jas._A._Reed_LCCN2016848785_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Sen._Jas._A._Reed_LCCN2016848785_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1109" data-file-height="1478" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Missouri" title="List of United States senators from Missouri">Senator</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/James_A._Reed_(politician)" title="James A. Reed (politician)">James A. Reed</a></b><br />of <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:POMERENE,_ATLEE._SENATOR_LCCN2016857958.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Former Senator Atlee Pomerene of Ohio"><img alt="Former Senator Atlee Pomerene of Ohio" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/POMERENE%2C_ATLEE._SENATOR_LCCN2016857958.jpg/96px-POMERENE%2C_ATLEE._SENATOR_LCCN2016857958.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/POMERENE%2C_ATLEE._SENATOR_LCCN2016857958.jpg/145px-POMERENE%2C_ATLEE._SENATOR_LCCN2016857958.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/POMERENE%2C_ATLEE._SENATOR_LCCN2016857958.jpg/193px-POMERENE%2C_ATLEE._SENATOR_LCCN2016857958.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8148" data-file-height="10135" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Former <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Ohio" title="List of United States senators from Ohio">Senator</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Atlee_Pomerene" title="Atlee Pomerene">Atlee Pomerene</a></b><br />of <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:JONES,_JESSE_H.,_HONORABLE_LCCN2016860069.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Entrepreneur Jesse H. Jones of Texas"><img alt="Entrepreneur Jesse H. Jones of Texas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/JONES%2C_JESSE_H.%2C_HONORABLE_LCCN2016860069.jpg/96px-JONES%2C_JESSE_H.%2C_HONORABLE_LCCN2016860069.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/JONES%2C_JESSE_H.%2C_HONORABLE_LCCN2016860069.jpg/144px-JONES%2C_JESSE_H.%2C_HONORABLE_LCCN2016860069.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/JONES%2C_JESSE_H.%2C_HONORABLE_LCCN2016860069.jpg/192px-JONES%2C_JESSE_H.%2C_HONORABLE_LCCN2016860069.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8122" data-file-height="10135" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Entrepreneurship" title="Entrepreneurship">Entrepreneur</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Jesse_H._Jones" title="Jesse H. Jones">Jesse H. Jones</a></b><br />of <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WOOLEN,_EVANS_LCCN2016861173_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Former Coach Evans Woollen of Indiana"><img alt="Former Coach Evans Woollen of Indiana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/WOOLEN%2C_EVANS_LCCN2016861173_%28cropped%29.jpg/99px-WOOLEN%2C_EVANS_LCCN2016861173_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="99" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/WOOLEN%2C_EVANS_LCCN2016861173_%28cropped%29.jpg/148px-WOOLEN%2C_EVANS_LCCN2016861173_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/WOOLEN%2C_EVANS_LCCN2016861173_%28cropped%29.jpg/198px-WOOLEN%2C_EVANS_LCCN2016861173_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7497" data-file-height="9099" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Former <a href="/wiki/Coach_(sport)" title="Coach (sport)">Coach</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Evans_Woollen" title="Evans Woollen">Evans Woollen</a></b><br />of <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WilliamAugustusAyres.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Representative William A. Ayres of Kansas"><img alt="Representative William A. Ayres of Kansas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/WilliamAugustusAyres.jpg/86px-WilliamAugustusAyres.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/WilliamAugustusAyres.jpg/128px-WilliamAugustusAyres.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/WilliamAugustusAyres.jpg/171px-WilliamAugustusAyres.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1654" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kansas%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Kansas's 8th congressional district">Representative</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/William_Augustus_Ayres" title="William Augustus Ayres">William A. Ayres</a></b><br />of <a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HITCHCOCK,_G.M._HONORABLE_LCCN2016857525_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Former Senator Gilbert Hitchcock of Nebraska"><img alt="Former Senator Gilbert Hitchcock of Nebraska" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/HITCHCOCK%2C_G.M._HONORABLE_LCCN2016857525_%28cropped%29.jpg/98px-HITCHCOCK%2C_G.M._HONORABLE_LCCN2016857525_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/HITCHCOCK%2C_G.M._HONORABLE_LCCN2016857525_%28cropped%29.jpg/147px-HITCHCOCK%2C_G.M._HONORABLE_LCCN2016857525_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/HITCHCOCK%2C_G.M._HONORABLE_LCCN2016857525_%28cropped%29.jpg/195px-HITCHCOCK%2C_G.M._HONORABLE_LCCN2016857525_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7551" data-file-height="9270" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Former <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Nebraska" title="List of United States senators from Nebraska">Senator</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Hitchcock" title="Gilbert Hitchcock">Gilbert Hitchcock</a></b><br />of <a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a></div> </li> </ul> <p>Other candidates for the nomination possibly included: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_T._Heflin" class="mw-redirect" title="James T. Heflin">James T. Heflin</a>, U.S. senator from <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_G._McAdoo" class="mw-redirect" title="William G. McAdoo">William G. McAdoo</a>, former <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Treasury Secretary</a> from <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_T._Meredith" title="Edwin T. Meredith">Edwin T. Meredith</a>, former <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture" title="United States Secretary of Agriculture">Agriculture Secretary</a> from <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_T._Rainey" title="Henry T. Rainey">Henry T. Rainey</a>, U.S. representative from <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Walsh" title="Thomas J. Walsh">Thomas J. Walsh</a>, U.S. senator from <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3"><b>Presidential Balloting</b> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Candidate</th> <th>1st (Before Shifts)</th> <th>1st (After Shifts) </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Al_Smith" title="Al Smith">Smith</a> </th> <td style="background:#5cb3ff">724.67 </td> <td style="background:#5cb3ff">849.67 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Cordell_Hull" title="Cordell Hull">Hull</a> </th> <td style="background:#82caff">71.83 </td> <td>50.83 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Walter_F._George" title="Walter F. George">George</a> </th> <td style="background:#c2dfff">52.50 </td> <td style="background:#82caff">52.50 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/James_A._Reed_(politician)" title="James A. Reed (politician)">Reed</a> </th> <td>48 </td> <td style="background:#c2dfff">52 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Atlee_Pomerene" title="Atlee Pomerene">Pomerene</a> </th> <td>47 </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Jesse_H._Jones" title="Jesse H. Jones">Jones</a> </th> <td>43 </td> <td>43 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Evans_Woollen" title="Evans Woollen">Woollen</a> </th> <td>32 </td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Pat_Harrison" title="Pat Harrison">Harrison</a> </th> <td>20 </td> <td>8.50 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/William_A._Ayres" class="mw-redirect" title="William A. Ayres">Ayres</a> </th> <td>20 </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Richard_C._Watts" title="Richard C. Watts">Watts</a> </th> <td>18 </td> <td>18 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_M._Hitchcock" class="mw-redirect" title="Gilbert M. Hitchcock">Hitchcock</a> </th> <td>16 </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/A._Victor_Donahey" class="mw-redirect" title="A. Victor Donahey">Donahey</a> </th> <td>5 </td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Huston_Thompson" title="Samuel Huston Thompson">Thompson</a> </th> <td>2 </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Theodore_G._Bilbo" title="Theodore G. Bilbo">Bilbo</a> </th> <td style="background:#d3d3d3">0 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Not Voting </th> <td style="background:#d3d3d3">0 </td> <td>2.50 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Presidential Balloting / 3rd Day of Convention (June 28, 1928)</b> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 326px;text-align:center;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1928DemocraticPresidentialNomination1stBallotBefore.png" class="mw-file-description" title="1st Presidential Ballot (Before Shifts)"><img alt="1st Presidential Ballot (Before Shifts)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/1928DemocraticPresidentialNomination1stBallotBefore.png/120px-1928DemocraticPresidentialNomination1stBallotBefore.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/1928DemocraticPresidentialNomination1stBallotBefore.png/180px-1928DemocraticPresidentialNomination1stBallotBefore.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/1928DemocraticPresidentialNomination1stBallotBefore.png/240px-1928DemocraticPresidentialNomination1stBallotBefore.png 2x" data-file-width="1513" data-file-height="983" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1st Presidential Ballot (Before Shifts)</b></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1928DemocraticPresidentialNomination1stBallotAfter.png" class="mw-file-description" title="1st Presidential Ballot (After Shifts)"><img alt="1st Presidential Ballot (After Shifts)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/1928DemocraticPresidentialNomination1stBallotAfter.png/120px-1928DemocraticPresidentialNomination1stBallotAfter.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/1928DemocraticPresidentialNomination1stBallotAfter.png/180px-1928DemocraticPresidentialNomination1stBallotAfter.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/1928DemocraticPresidentialNomination1stBallotAfter.png/240px-1928DemocraticPresidentialNomination1stBallotAfter.png 2x" data-file-width="1513" data-file-height="983" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1st Presidential Ballot (After Shifts)</b></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vice_presidential_nomination">Vice presidential nomination</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1928_Democratic_National_Convention&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Vice presidential nomination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vice_presidential_candidates">Vice presidential candidates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1928_Democratic_National_Convention&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Vice presidential candidates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 815px;text-align:center;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_T._Robinson_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Senate Minority Leader Joseph T. Robinson of Arkansas"><img alt="Senate Minority Leader Joseph T. Robinson of Arkansas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Joseph_T._Robinson_cropped.jpg/87px-Joseph_T._Robinson_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Joseph_T._Robinson_cropped.jpg/130px-Joseph_T._Robinson_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Joseph_T._Robinson_cropped.jpg/174px-Joseph_T._Robinson_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3396" data-file-height="4684" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Party leaders of the United States Senate">Senate Minority Leader</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Joseph_T._Robinson" title="Joseph T. Robinson">Joseph T. Robinson</a></b><br />of <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alben_W_Barkley.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Senator Alben W. Barkley of Kentucky"><img alt="Senator Alben W. Barkley of Kentucky" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Alben_W_Barkley.jpg/93px-Alben_W_Barkley.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Alben_W_Barkley.jpg/140px-Alben_W_Barkley.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Alben_W_Barkley.jpg/187px-Alben_W_Barkley.jpg 2x" data-file-width="571" data-file-height="732" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senator</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Alben_W._Barkley" title="Alben W. Barkley">Alben W. Barkley</a></b><br />of <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a><br /></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nellie_Tayloe_Ross.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Former Governor Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming"><img alt="Former Governor Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Nellie_Tayloe_Ross.jpg/98px-Nellie_Tayloe_Ross.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Nellie_Tayloe_Ross.jpg/147px-Nellie_Tayloe_Ross.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Nellie_Tayloe_Ross.jpg/196px-Nellie_Tayloe_Ross.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1471" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Former <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Wyoming" title="List of governors of Wyoming">Governor</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Nellie_Tayloe_Ross" title="Nellie Tayloe Ross">Nellie Tayloe Ross</a></b><br />of <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:111-SC-44852_-_NARA_-_55248466-cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Major General Henry T. Allen of Kentucky"><img alt="Major General Henry T. Allen of Kentucky" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/111-SC-44852_-_NARA_-_55248466-cropped.jpg/79px-111-SC-44852_-_NARA_-_55248466-cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/111-SC-44852_-_NARA_-_55248466-cropped.jpg/119px-111-SC-44852_-_NARA_-_55248466-cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/111-SC-44852_-_NARA_-_55248466-cropped.jpg/159px-111-SC-44852_-_NARA_-_55248466-cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1831" data-file-height="2767" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Major_general_(United_States)" title="Major general (United States)">Major General</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Henry_Tureman_Allen" title="Henry Tureman Allen">Henry T. Allen</a></b><br />of <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Duncanupshawfletcher.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Senator Duncan U. Fletcher of Florida"><img alt="Senator Duncan U. Fletcher of Florida" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Duncanupshawfletcher.jpg/86px-Duncanupshawfletcher.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Duncanupshawfletcher.jpg/129px-Duncanupshawfletcher.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Duncanupshawfletcher.jpg/172px-Duncanupshawfletcher.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1070" data-file-height="1492" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Florida" title="List of United States senators from Florida">Senator</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Duncan_U._Fletcher" title="Duncan U. Fletcher">Duncan U. Fletcher</a></b><br />of <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a></div> </li> </ul> <p>Joseph T. Robinson was chosen as the vice presidential nominee. </p><p>Other candidates for the nomination possibly included: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Hitchcock" title="Gilbert Hitchcock">Gilbert Hitchcock</a>, former senator from Nebraska<sup id="cite_ref-warn_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-warn-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Reed_(politician)" title="James A. Reed (politician)">James A. Reed</a>, senator from Missouri<sup id="cite_ref-warn_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-warn-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlee_Pomerene" title="Atlee Pomerene">Atlee Pomerene</a> former senator from Ohio<sup id="cite_ref-warn_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-warn-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordell_Hull" title="Cordell Hull">Cordell Hull</a>, Congressman from Tennessee<sup id="cite_ref-warn_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-warn-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>John H. Taylor</li></ul> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3"><b>Vice Presidential Balloting</b> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Candidate</th> <th>1st (Before Shifts)</th> <th>1st (After Shifts) </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Taylor_Robinson" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Taylor Robinson">Robinson</a> </th> <td style="background:#5cb3ff">914.17 </td> <td style="background:#5cb3ff">1,035.17 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Alben_W._Barkley" title="Alben W. Barkley">Barkley</a> </th> <td style="background:#82caff">77 </td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Nellie_Tayloe_Ross" title="Nellie Tayloe Ross">Ross</a> </th> <td style="background:#c2dfff">33 </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Henry_Tureman_Allen" title="Henry Tureman Allen">Allen</a> </th> <td>28 </td> <td style="background:#82caff">21 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/George_L._Berry" title="George L. Berry">Berry</a> </th> <td>17.50 </td> <td style="background:#c2dfff">11.50 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Dan_Moody" title="Dan Moody">Moody</a> </th> <td>9.33 </td> <td>9.33 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Duncan_U._Fletcher" title="Duncan U. Fletcher">Fletcher</a> </th> <td>7 </td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=R._V._Taylor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="R. V. Taylor (page does not exist)">Taylor</a> </th> <td>6 </td> <td style="background:#d3d3d3">0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Stevenson_(politician)" title="Lewis Stevenson (politician)">Stevenson</a> </th> <td>4 </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Evans_Woollen" title="Evans Woollen">Woollen</a> </th> <td>2 </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Patrick_Tumulty" title="Joseph Patrick Tumulty">Tumulty</a> </th> <td>1 </td> <td style="background:#d3d3d3">0 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Not Voting </th> <td>1 </td> <td>1 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Vice Presidential Balloting / 3rd Day of Convention (June 28, 1928)</b> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 326px;text-align:center;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1928DemocraticVicePresidentialNomination1stBallotBefore.png" class="mw-file-description" title="1st Vice Presidential Ballot (Before Shifts)"><img alt="1st Vice Presidential Ballot (Before Shifts)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/1928DemocraticVicePresidentialNomination1stBallotBefore.png/120px-1928DemocraticVicePresidentialNomination1stBallotBefore.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/1928DemocraticVicePresidentialNomination1stBallotBefore.png/180px-1928DemocraticVicePresidentialNomination1stBallotBefore.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/1928DemocraticVicePresidentialNomination1stBallotBefore.png/240px-1928DemocraticVicePresidentialNomination1stBallotBefore.png 2x" data-file-width="1513" data-file-height="983" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1st Vice Presidential Ballot (Before Shifts)</b></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1928DemocraticVicePresidentialNomination1stBallotAfter.png" class="mw-file-description" title="1st Vice Presidential Ballot (After Shifts)"><img alt="1st Vice Presidential Ballot (After Shifts)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/1928DemocraticVicePresidentialNomination1stBallotAfter.png/120px-1928DemocraticVicePresidentialNomination1stBallotAfter.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/1928DemocraticVicePresidentialNomination1stBallotAfter.png/180px-1928DemocraticVicePresidentialNomination1stBallotAfter.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/1928DemocraticVicePresidentialNomination1stBallotAfter.png/240px-1928DemocraticVicePresidentialNomination1stBallotAfter.png 2x" data-file-width="1513" data-file-height="983" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b>1st Vice Presidential Ballot (After Shifts)</b></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1928_Democratic_National_Convention&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries,_1928" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1928">Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Democratic_National_Conventions" title="List of Democratic National Conventions">List of Democratic National Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._presidential_nomination_convention" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. presidential nomination convention">U.S. presidential nomination convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_United_States_presidential_election" title="1928 United States presidential election">1928 United States presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Republican_National_Convention" title="1928 Republican National Convention">1928 Republican National Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the United States Democratic Party">History of the United States Democratic Party</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1928_Democratic_National_Convention&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://texasarchive.org/2011_01683">"The 1928 Democratic Convention"</a>. <i>Texas Archive of the Moving Image</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 29,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Texas+Archive+of+the+Moving+Image&rft.atitle=The+1928+Democratic+Convention&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftexasarchive.org%2F2011_01683&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1928+Democratic+National+Convention" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1982" class="citation web cs1">Smith, Jack Z. (November 11, 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/635465496">"Democrats looking Wet for 1984 convention site"</a>. <i>Newspapers.com</i>. Fort Worth Star-Telegram.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Newspapers.com&rft.atitle=Democrats+looking+Wet+for+1984+convention+site&rft.date=1982-11-11&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Jack+Z.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F635465496&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1928+Democratic+National+Convention" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-warn-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-warn_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-warn_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-warn_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-warn_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarn1928" class="citation news cs1">Warn, WA (June 29, 1928). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://partners.nytimes.com/library/politics/camp/280629convention-dem-ra.html">"Smith Wins Nomination on First Ballot With 849 2/3 Votes After States Shift to Him; Platform With a Dry Plank Is Adopted"</a>. <i>New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 8,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Smith+Wins+Nomination+on+First+Ballot+With+849+2%2F3+Votes+After+States+Shift+to+Him%3B+Platform+With+a+Dry+Plank+Is+Adopted&rft.date=1928-06-29&rft.aulast=Warn&rft.aufirst=WA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpartners.nytimes.com%2Flibrary%2Fpolitics%2Fcamp%2F280629convention-dem-ra.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1928+Democratic+National+Convention" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1928_Democratic_National_Convention&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tsl.state.tx.us/governors/personality/moody-burgess.html">Governor Moody and the "Dry" Platform</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=29594">Democratic Party Platform of 1928</a> at <i>The American Presidency Project</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=75571">Smith Nomination Acceptance Speech for President at DNC</a> (transcript) at <i>The American Presidency Project</i></li></ul> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:95%; clear: both;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;">Preceded by<br /><b><a href="/wiki/1924_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1924 Democratic National Convention">1924</a><br /><a href="/wiki/New_York,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="New York, New York">New York, New York</a></b> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Convention" title="Democratic National Convention">Democratic National Conventions</a></b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;">Succeeded by<br /><b><a href="/wiki/1932_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1932 Democratic National Convention">1932</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Chicago,_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago, Illinois">Chicago, Illinois</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Democratic_Party" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#B0CEFF;;background:#3333FF; color:white"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Template:Democratic Party (United States)"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Template talk:Democratic Party (United States)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Democratic Party (United States)"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Democratic_Party" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Democratic Party</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#B0CEFF;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="History of the Democratic Party (United States)">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Party_System" title="Second Party System">Second Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Party_System" title="Third Party System">Third Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Party_System" title="Fourth Party System">Fourth Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Party_System" title="Fifth Party System">Fifth Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Party_System" title="Sixth Party System">Sixth Party System</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Convention" title="Democratic National Convention">National<br />conventions</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Democratic_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States Democratic Party presidential tickets">presidential<br />tickets</a>,<br />and<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="List of Democratic Party presidential primaries">presidential<br />primaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1828_United_States_presidential_election#Democratic_Party_nomination" title="1828 United States presidential election">1828 (None)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Jackson</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1832_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1832 Democratic National Convention">1832 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Jackson</a>/<a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Van Buren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1835_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1835 Democratic National Convention">1835 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Van Buren</a>/<a href="/wiki/Richard_Mentor_Johnson" title="Richard Mentor Johnson">R. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1840_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1840 Democratic National Convention">1840 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Van Buren</a>/<i>None</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1844_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1844 Democratic National Convention">1844 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_K._Polk" title="James K. Polk">Polk</a>/<a href="/wiki/George_M._Dallas" title="George M. Dallas">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1848 Democratic National Convention">1848 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Cass" title="Lewis Cass">Cass</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_Orlando_Butler" class="mw-redirect" title="William Orlando Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1852_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1852 Democratic National Convention">1852 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Pierce" title="Franklin Pierce">Pierce</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_R._King" title="William R. King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1856 Democratic National Convention">1856 (Cincinnati)</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_Buchanan" title="James Buchanan">Buchanan</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge">Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1860_Democratic_National_Conventions" title="1860 Democratic National Conventions">1860 (Charleston/Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Stephen_A._Douglas" title="Stephen A. Douglas">Douglas</a>/<a href="/wiki/Herschel_V._Johnson" title="Herschel V. Johnson">H. Johnson</a> (<a href="/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge">Breckinridge</a>/<a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lane" title="Joseph Lane">Lane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southern_Democrats" title="Southern Democrats">SD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1864 Democratic National Convention">1864 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_B._McClellan" title="George B. McClellan">McClellan</a>/<a href="/wiki/George_H._Pendleton" title="George H. Pendleton">Pendleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1868 Democratic National Convention">1868 (New York)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Horatio_Seymour" title="Horatio Seymour">Seymour</a>/<a href="/wiki/Francis_Preston_Blair_Jr." title="Francis Preston Blair Jr.">Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1872 Democratic National Convention">1872 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Horace_Greeley" title="Horace Greeley">Greeley</a>/<a href="/wiki/B._Gratz_Brown" title="B. Gratz Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1876 Democratic National Convention">1876 (Saint Louis)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Tilden" title="Samuel J. Tilden">Tilden</a>/<a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Hendricks" title="Thomas A. Hendricks">Hendricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1880 Democratic National Convention">1880 (Cincinnati)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Winfield_Scott_Hancock" title="Winfield Scott Hancock">Hancock</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_Hayden_English" title="William Hayden English">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1884 Democratic National Convention">1884 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Cleveland</a>/<a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Hendricks" title="Thomas A. Hendricks">Hendricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1888 Democratic National Convention">1888 (Saint Louis)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Cleveland</a>/<a href="/wiki/Allen_G._Thurman" title="Allen G. Thurman">Thurman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1892 Democratic National Convention">1892 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Cleveland</a>/<a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_I" title="Adlai Stevenson I">Stevenson I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1896 Democratic National Convention">1896 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan" title="William Jennings Bryan">W. Bryan</a>/<a href="/wiki/Arthur_Sewall" title="Arthur Sewall">Sewall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1900 Democratic National Convention">1900 (Kansas City)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan" title="William Jennings Bryan">W. Bryan</a>/<a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_I" title="Adlai Stevenson I">Stevenson I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1904 Democratic National Convention">1904 (Saint Louis)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alton_B._Parker" title="Alton B. Parker">Parker</a>/<a href="/wiki/Henry_G._Davis" title="Henry G. Davis">H. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1908 Democratic National Convention">1908 (Denver)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan" title="William Jennings Bryan">W. Bryan</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_W._Kern" title="John W. Kern">Kern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1912 Democratic National Convention">1912 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Wilson</a>/<a href="/wiki/Thomas_R._Marshall" title="Thomas R. Marshall">Marshall</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1912_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1912 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1916 Democratic National Convention">1916 (Saint Louis)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Wilson</a>/<a href="/wiki/Thomas_R._Marshall" title="Thomas R. Marshall">Marshall</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1916_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1916 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1920 Democratic National Convention">1920 (San Francisco)</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_M._Cox" title="James M. Cox">Cox</a>/<a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1920_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1920 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1924 Democratic National Convention">1924 (New York)</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_W._Davis" title="John W. Davis">J. Davis</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Bryan" title="Charles W. Bryan">C. Bryan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1924_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1924 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1928 (Houston)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Al_Smith" title="Al Smith">Smith</a>/<a href="/wiki/Joseph_T._Robinson" title="Joseph T. Robinson">Robinson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1928_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1928 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1932 Democratic National Convention">1932 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_Nance_Garner" title="John Nance Garner">Garner</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1932_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1932 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1936 Democratic National Convention">1936 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_Nance_Garner" title="John Nance Garner">Garner</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1936_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1936 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1940 Democratic National Convention">1940 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a>/<a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Wallace" title="Henry A. Wallace">Wallace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1940 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1944 Democratic National Convention">1944 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a>/<a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Truman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1944_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1944 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1948 Democratic National Convention">1948 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Truman</a>/<a href="/wiki/Alben_W._Barkley" title="Alben W. Barkley">Barkley</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1948_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1948 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1952 Democratic National Convention">1952 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Stevenson II</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_Sparkman" title="John Sparkman">Sparkman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1952_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1952 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1956 Democratic National Convention">1956 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Stevenson II</a>/<a href="/wiki/Estes_Kefauver" title="Estes Kefauver">Kefauver</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1956 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1960 Democratic National Convention">1960 (Los Angeles)</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">Kennedy</a>/<a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">L. Johnson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1960_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1960 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1964 Democratic National Convention">1964 (Atlantic City)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">L. Johnson</a>/<a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey">Humphrey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1964_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1964 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1968 Democratic National Convention">1968 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey">Humphrey</a>/<a href="/wiki/Edmund_Muskie" title="Edmund Muskie">Muskie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1968_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1968 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1972 Democratic National Convention">1972 (Miami Beach)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_McGovern" title="George McGovern">McGovern</a>/(<a href="/wiki/Thomas_Eagleton" title="Thomas Eagleton">Eagleton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sargent_Shriver" title="Sargent Shriver">Shriver</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1972_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1972 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1976 Democratic National Convention">1976 (New York)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Carter</a>/<a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Mondale</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1976 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1980 Democratic National Convention">1980 (New York)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Carter</a>/<a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Mondale</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1984 Democratic National Convention">1984 (San Francisco)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Mondale</a>/<a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Ferraro" title="Geraldine Ferraro">Ferraro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1984 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1988 Democratic National Convention">1988 (Atlanta)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Dukakis" title="Michael Dukakis">Dukakis</a>/<a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Bentsen" title="Lloyd Bentsen">Bentsen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1988_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1988 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1992 Democratic National Convention">1992 (New York)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">B. Clinton</a>/<a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Gore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1992_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1992 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1996 Democratic National Convention">1996 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">B. Clinton</a>/<a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Gore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2000 Democratic National Convention">2000 (Los Angeles)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Gore</a>/<a href="/wiki/Joe_Lieberman" title="Joe Lieberman">Lieberman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2000 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2004 Democratic National Convention">2004 (Boston)</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">Kerry</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_Edwards" title="John Edwards">Edwards</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2004 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2008 Democratic National Convention">2008 (Denver)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Obama</a>/<a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Biden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2012 Democratic National Convention">2012 (Charlotte)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Obama</a>/<a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Biden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2012 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2016 Democratic National Convention">2016 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">H. Clinton</a>/<a href="/wiki/Tim_Kaine" title="Tim Kaine">Kaine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2020 Democratic National Convention">2020 (Milwaukee/other locations)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Biden</a>/<a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Harris</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2024 Democratic National Convention">2024 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Harris</a>/<a href="/wiki/Tim_Walz" title="Tim Walz">Walz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2024 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">Presidential</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Administration_(government)" title="Administration (government)">administrations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Andrew_Jackson" title="Presidency of Andrew Jackson">Jackson</a> (1829–1837)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Martin_Van_Buren" title="Presidency of Martin Van Buren">Van Buren</a> (1837–1841)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_James_K._Polk" title="Presidency of James K. Polk">Polk</a> (1845–1849)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Franklin_Pierce" title="Presidency of Franklin Pierce">Pierce</a> (1853–1857)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_James_Buchanan" title="Presidency of James Buchanan">Buchanan</a> (1857–1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Presidency of Andrew Johnson">A. Johnson</a> (1868–1869)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidencies_of_Grover_Cleveland" title="Presidencies of Grover Cleveland">Cleveland</a> (1885–1889; 1893–1897)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Presidency of Woodrow Wilson">Wilson</a> (1913–1921)</li> <li>Roosevelt (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt,_first_and_second_terms" title="Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms">1933–1941</a>; <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt,_third_and_fourth_terms" title="Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms">1941–1945</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Harry_S._Truman" title="Presidency of Harry S. Truman">Truman</a> (1945–1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="Presidency of John F. Kennedy">Kennedy</a> (1961–1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson">L. B. Johnson</a> (1963–1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Presidency of Jimmy Carter">Carter</a> (1977–1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Presidency of Bill Clinton">Clinton</a> (1993–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Barack_Obama" title="Presidency of Barack Obama">Obama</a> (2009–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Joe_Biden" title="Presidency of Joe Biden">Biden</a> (2021–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives">U.S. House<br />leaders</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of speakers of the United States House of Representatives">Speakers</a>,<br />and<br /><a href="/wiki/House_Democratic_Caucus" title="House Democratic Caucus">Caucus<br />chairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Stevenson" title="Andrew Stevenson">A. Stevenson</a> (1827–1834)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bell_(Tennessee_politician)" title="John Bell (Tennessee politician)">Bell</a> (1834–1835)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_K._Polk" title="James K. Polk">Polk</a> (1835–1839)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Winston_Jones" title="John Winston Jones">J. W. Jones</a> (1843–1845)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wesley_Davis" title="John Wesley Davis">Davis</a> (1845–1847)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howell_Cobb" title="Howell Cobb">Cobb</a> (1849–1851)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linn_Boyd" title="Linn Boyd">Boyd</a> (1851–1855)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Jones_(Tennessee_politician)" title="George Washington Jones (Tennessee politician)">G. W. Jones</a> (1855–1857)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Lawrence_Orr" title="James Lawrence Orr">Orr</a> (1857–1859)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Houston" title="George S. Houston">Houston</a> (1859–1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Niblack" title="William E. Niblack">Niblack</a>/<a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Randall" title="Samuel J. Randall">Randall</a> (1869–1871)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Niblack" title="William E. Niblack">Niblack</a> (1873–1875)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Kerr" title="Michael C. Kerr">Kerr</a> (1875–1876)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Randall" title="Samuel J. Randall">Randall</a> (1876–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Carlisle" title="John G. Carlisle">Carlisle</a> (1883–1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Holman" title="William S. Holman">Holman</a> (1889–1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Frederick_Crisp" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Frederick Crisp">Crisp</a> (1891–1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_B._Culberson" title="David B. Culberson">D. B. Culberson</a> (1895–1897)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_D._Richardson" title="James D. Richardson">Richardson</a> (1897–1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sharp_Williams" title="John Sharp Williams">Williams</a> (1903–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champ_Clark" title="Champ Clark">Clark</a> (1909–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Kitchin" title="Claude Kitchin">Kitchin</a> (1921–1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finis_J._Garrett" title="Finis J. Garrett">Garrett</a> (1923–1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nance_Garner" title="John Nance Garner">Garner</a> (1929–1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Thomas_Rainey" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Thomas Rainey">Rainey</a> (1933–1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo_Byrns" title="Jo Byrns">Byrns</a> (1935–1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Bankhead" title="William B. Bankhead">Bankhead</a> (1936–1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Rayburn" title="Sam Rayburn">Rayburn</a> (1940–1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._McCormack" title="John W. McCormack">McCormack</a> (1962–1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Albert" title="Carl Albert">Albert</a> (1971–1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tip_O%27Neill" title="Tip O'Neill">O'Neill</a> (1977–1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Wright" title="Jim Wright">Wright</a> (1987–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Foley" title="Tom Foley">Foley</a> (1989–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Gephardt" title="Dick Gephardt">Gephardt</a> (1995–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Pelosi</a> (2003–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakeem_Jeffries" title="Hakeem Jeffries">Jeffries</a> (2023–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Party leaders of the United States Senate">U.S. Senate<br />leaders</a><br />and<br /><a href="/wiki/Senate_Democratic_Caucus" title="Senate Democratic Caucus">Caucus<br />chairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Stevenson" title="John W. Stevenson">J. W. Stevenson</a> (1873–1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Wallace" title="William A. Wallace">Wallace</a> (1877–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Pendleton" title="George H. Pendleton">Pendleton</a> (1881–1885)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Beck" title="James B. Beck">Beck</a> (1885–1890)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_P._Gorman" title="Arthur P. Gorman">Gorman</a> (1890–1898)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Turpie" title="David Turpie">Turpie</a> (1898–1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_K._Jones" title="James K. Jones">J. K. Jones</a> (1899–1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_P._Gorman" title="Arthur P. Gorman">Gorman</a> (1903–1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._C._S._Blackburn" title="J. C. S. Blackburn">Blackburn</a> (1906–1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Culberson" title="Charles A. Culberson">C. A. Culberson</a> (1907–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hernando_Money" title="Hernando Money">Money</a> (1909–1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Martin" title="Thomas S. Martin">Martin</a> (1911–1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Kern" title="John W. Kern">Kern</a> (1913–1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Martin" title="Thomas S. Martin">Martin</a> (1917–1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Hitchcock" title="Gilbert Hitchcock">Hitchcock</a> (1919–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Underwood" title="Oscar Underwood">Underwood</a> (1920–1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_T._Robinson" title="Joseph T. Robinson">Robinson</a> (1923–1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alben_W._Barkley" title="Alben W. Barkley">Barkley</a> (1937–1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_W._Lucas" title="Scott W. Lucas">Lucas</a> (1949–1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_McFarland" title="Ernest McFarland">McFarland</a> (1951–1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Johnson</a> (1953–1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Mansfield" title="Mike Mansfield">Mansfield</a> (1961–1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrd" title="Robert Byrd">Byrd</a> (1977–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_J._Mitchell" title="George J. Mitchell">Mitchell</a> (1989–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Daschle" title="Tom Daschle">Daschle</a> (1995–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Reid" title="Harry Reid">Reid</a> (2005–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Schumer</a> (2017–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%">Chairs of<br />the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Committee" title="Democratic National Committee">DNC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._Hallett" title="Benjamin F. Hallett">Hallett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Milligan_McLane" title="Robert Milligan McLane">McLane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Allen_Smalley" title="David Allen Smalley">Smalley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Belmont" title="August Belmont">Belmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Schell" title="Augustus Schell">Schell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abram_Hewitt" title="Abram Hewitt">Hewitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Barnum" title="William Barnum">Barnum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_S._Brice" title="Calvin S. Brice">Brice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Harrity" title="William F. Harrity">Harrity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_K._Jones" title="James K. Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Taggart" title="Thomas Taggart">Taggart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_E._Mack" title="Norman E. Mack">Mack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._McCombs" title="William F. McCombs">McCombs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vance_C._McCormick" title="Vance C. McCormick">McCormick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer_Stille_Cummings" title="Homer Stille Cummings">Cummings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_White_(Ohio_politician)" title="George White (Ohio politician)">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordell_Hull" title="Cordell Hull">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clem_L._Shaver" title="Clem L. Shaver">Shaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Raskob" title="John J. Raskob">Raskob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Farley" title="James Farley">Farley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._Flynn" title="Edward J. Flynn">Flynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_C._Walker" title="Frank C. Walker">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Hannegan" title="Robert E. Hannegan">Hannegan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Howard_McGrath" title="J. Howard McGrath">McGrath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Boyle" title="William M. Boyle">Boyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_E._McKinney" title="Frank E. McKinney">McKinney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_A._Mitchell_(politician)" title="Stephen A. Mitchell (politician)">Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Butler_(lawyer)" title="Paul Butler (lawyer)">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_M._Jackson" title="Henry M. Jackson">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Moran_Bailey" title="John Moran Bailey">Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_O%27Brien" title="Larry O'Brien">O'Brien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_R._Harris" title="Fred R. Harris">Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_O%27Brien" title="Larry O'Brien">O'Brien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Westwood_(politician)" title="Jean Westwood (politician)">Westwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Strauss" title="Robert S. Strauss">Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_M._Curtis" title="Kenneth M. Curtis">Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Coyle_White" title="John Coyle White">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Manatt" title="Charles Manatt">Manatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_G._Kirk" title="Paul G. Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Brown" title="Ron Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Wilhelm" title="David Wilhelm">Wilhelm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debra_DeLee" title="Debra DeLee">DeLee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Dodd" title="Chris Dodd">Dodd</a>/<a href="/wiki/Donald_Fowler" title="Donald Fowler">Fowler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Romer" title="Roy Romer">Romer</a>/<a href="/wiki/Steven_Grossman_(politician)" title="Steven Grossman (politician)">Grossman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Rendell" title="Ed Rendell">Rendell</a>/<a href="/wiki/Joe_Andrew" title="Joe Andrew">Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_McAuliffe" title="Terry McAuliffe">McAuliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Dean" title="Howard Dean">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Kaine" title="Tim Kaine">Kaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Wasserman_Schultz" title="Debbie Wasserman Schultz">Wasserman Schultz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Perez" title="Tom Perez">Perez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaime_Harrison" title="Jaime Harrison">Harrison</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_parties_of_the_Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="List of state parties of the Democratic Party (United States)">State and<br />territorial<br />parties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama_Democratic_Party" title="Alabama Democratic Party">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Democratic_Party" title="Alaska Democratic Party">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Democratic_Party" title="Arizona Democratic Party">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Arkansas" title="Democratic Party of Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Democratic_Party" title="California Democratic Party">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Democratic_Party" title="Colorado Democratic Party">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Connecticut" title="Democratic Party of Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Democratic_Party" title="Delaware Democratic Party">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_Democratic_Party" title="Florida Democratic Party">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Georgia" title="Democratic Party of Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Hawaii" title="Democratic Party of Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho_Democratic_Party" title="Idaho Democratic Party">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Illinois" title="Democratic Party of Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Democratic_Party" title="Indiana Democratic Party">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa_Democratic_Party" title="Iowa Democratic Party">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_Democratic_Party" title="Kansas Democratic Party">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Democratic_Party" title="Kentucky Democratic Party">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Democratic_Party" title="Louisiana Democratic Party">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maine_Democratic_Party" title="Maine Democratic Party">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Democratic_Party" title="Maryland Democratic Party">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Democratic_Party" title="Massachusetts Democratic Party">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Democratic_Party" title="Michigan Democratic Party">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Democratic%E2%80%93Farmer%E2%80%93Labor_Party" title="Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Democratic_Party" title="Mississippi Democratic Party">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Democratic_Party" title="Missouri Democratic Party">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana_Democratic_Party" title="Montana Democratic Party">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebraska_Democratic_Party" title="Nebraska Democratic Party">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_Democratic_Party" title="Nevada Democratic Party">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_Democratic_Party" title="New Hampshire Democratic Party">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Democratic_State_Committee" title="New Jersey Democratic State Committee">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_New_Mexico" title="Democratic Party of New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Democratic_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="New York State Democratic Committee">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Democratic_Party" title="North Carolina Democratic Party">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Democratic%E2%80%93Nonpartisan_League_Party" title="North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Democratic_Party" title="Ohio Democratic Party">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Democratic_Party" title="Oklahoma Democratic Party">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Oregon" title="Democratic Party of Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Democratic_Party" title="Pennsylvania Democratic Party">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_Democratic_Party" title="Rhode Island Democratic Party">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_Democratic_Party" title="South Carolina Democratic Party">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Democratic_Party" title="South Dakota Democratic Party">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Democratic_Party" title="Tennessee Democratic Party">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Democratic_Party" title="Texas Democratic Party">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utah_Democratic_Party" title="Utah Democratic Party">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermont_Democratic_Party" title="Vermont Democratic Party">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Virginia" title="Democratic Party of Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_State_Democratic_Party" title="Washington State Democratic Party">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_Democratic_Party" title="West Virginia Democratic Party">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Wisconsin" title="Democratic Party of Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyoming_Democratic_Party" title="Wyoming Democratic Party">Wyoming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa_Democratic_Party" title="American Samoa Democratic Party">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_Democratic_State_Committee" title="District of Columbia Democratic State Committee">District of Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Guam" title="Democratic Party of Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Northern_Mariana_Islands)" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Party (Northern Mariana Islands)">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Puerto_Rico)" title="Democratic Party (Puerto Rico)">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_the_Virgin_Islands" title="Democratic Party of the Virgin Islands">Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democrats_Abroad" title="Democrats Abroad">Democrats Abroad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)_organizations" title="Democratic Party (United States) organizations">Affiliated<br />groups</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%">Congress</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Democratic_Caucus" title="Senate Democratic Caucus">Senate Caucus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Democratic_Policy_Committee" title="United States Senate Democratic Policy Committee">Policy Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Democratic_Steering_and_Outreach_Committee" title="United States Senate Democratic Steering and Outreach Committee">Steering and Outreach Committee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_Democratic_Caucus" title="House Democratic Caucus">House Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Factions_in_the_Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Factions in the Democratic Party (United States)">Factions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Dog_Coalition" title="Blue Dog Coalition">Blue Dog Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Progressive_Caucus" title="Congressional Progressive Caucus">Congressional Progressive Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_Democrats" title="Justice Democrats">Justice Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Democrat_Coalition" title="New Democrat Coalition">New Democrat Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Problem_Solvers_Caucus" title="Problem Solvers Caucus">Problem Solvers Caucus</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%">Fundraising</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Attorneys_General_Association" title="Democratic Attorneys General Association">Democratic Attorneys General Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Congressional_Campaign_Committee" title="Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee">Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Governors_Association" title="Democratic Governors Association">Democratic Governors Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Legislative_Campaign_Committee" title="Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee">Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Senatorial_Campaign_Committee" title="Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee">Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Conference_of_Democratic_Mayors" title="National Conference of Democratic Mayors">National Conference of Democratic Mayors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Redistricting_Committee" title="National Democratic Redistricting Committee">National Democratic Redistricting Committee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%">Sectional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_Democrats_of_America" title="College Democrats of America">College Democrats of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democrats_Abroad" title="Democrats Abroad">Democrats Abroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Federation_of_Democratic_Women" title="National Federation of Democratic Women">National Federation of Democratic Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stonewall_Democrats" title="Stonewall Democrats">Stonewall Democrats</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stonewall_Young_Democrats" title="Stonewall Young Democrats">Stonewall Young Democrats</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Democrats_of_America" title="Young Democrats of America">Young Democrats of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_Democrats_of_America" title="High School Democrats of America">High School Democrats of America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="List of Democratic Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Democratic_Party_presidential_candidates" title="List of United States Democratic Party presidential candidates">Presidential candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_presidential_debates" title="Democratic Party presidential debates">Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superdelegate" title="Superdelegate">Superdelegate</a></li> <li>Chairmanship elections <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2005_Democratic_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2005 Democratic National Committee chairmanship election">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Democratic_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2017 Democratic National Committee chairmanship election">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Democratic_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2021 Democratic National Committee chairmanship election">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_Democratic_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2025 Democratic National Committee chairmanship election">2025</a></li></ul></li> <li>House caucus leadership elections <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_House_of_Representatives_Democratic_Caucus_leadership_election" title="2006 United States House of Representatives Democratic Caucus leadership election">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_House_of_Representatives_Democratic_Caucus_leadership_election" title="2018 United States House of Representatives Democratic Caucus leadership election">2018</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weekly_Democratic_Address" title="Weekly Democratic Address">Weekly Democratic Address</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="(←_1924)_1928_United_States_presidential_election_(→_1932)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1928_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template:1928 United States presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1928_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template talk:1928 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1928_United_States_presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1928 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="(←_1924)_1928_United_States_presidential_election_(→_1932)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">(<a href="/wiki/1924_United_States_presidential_election" title="1924 United States presidential election">← 1924</a>) <a href="/wiki/1928_United_States_presidential_election" title="1928 United States presidential election">1928 United States presidential election</a> (<a href="/wiki/1932_United_States_presidential_election" title="1932 United States presidential election">→ 1932</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;font-weight:normal;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #E81B23;"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></b><br />(<a href="/wiki/1928_Republican_National_Convention" title="1928 Republican National Convention">Convention</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nominees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>President: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a></b></li> <li><b>Vice President: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Charles Curtis</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Charles Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_D._Goff" title="Guy D. Goff">Guy D. Goff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Orren_Lowden" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Orren Lowden">Frank O. Lowden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Norris" title="George W. Norris">George W. Norris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_B._Willis" title="Frank B. Willis">Frank B. Willis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;font-weight:normal;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #3333FF;"><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a></b><br />(<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Convention</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nominees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>President: <a href="/wiki/Al_Smith" title="Al Smith">Al Smith</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Smith_1928_presidential_campaign" title="Al Smith 1928 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>Vice President: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_T._Robinson" title="Joseph T. Robinson">Joseph T. Robinson</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cordell_Hull" title="Cordell Hull">Cordell Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlee_Pomerene" title="Atlee Pomerene">Atlee Pomerene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Reed_(politician)" title="James A. Reed (politician)">James A. Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evans_Woollen" title="Evans Woollen">Evans Woollen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Third_party_and_independent_candidates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third party</a> and <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independent</a> candidates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #D50000;"><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_USA" title="Communist Party USA">Communist Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/William_Z._Foster" title="William Z. Foster">William Z. Foster</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Gitlow" title="Benjamin Gitlow">Benjamin Gitlow</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF00FF;"><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/William_F._Varney" title="William F. Varney">William F. Varney</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #CD3700;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_America" title="Socialist Party of America">Socialist Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Norman_Thomas" title="Norman Thomas">Norman Thomas</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/James_H._Maurer" title="James H. Maurer">James H. Maurer</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DD051D;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Labor_Party_of_America" title="Socialist Labor Party of America">Socialist Labor Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Frank_T._Johns" title="Frank T. Johns">Frank T. Johns</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Verne_L._Reynolds" title="Verne L. Reynolds">Verne L. Reynolds</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;">Independents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/William_Dudley_Pelley" title="William Dudley Pelley">William Dudley Pelley</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b>Other 1928 elections</b>: <a href="/wiki/1928_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1928 United States House of Representatives elections">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1928 United States Senate elections">Senate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐67847f4bfd‐dc5p7 Cached time: 20241203160959 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.490 seconds Real time usage: 0.709 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1704/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 87284/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2753/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 48512/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.274/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 8678100/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 566.599 1 -total 23.52% 133.284 4 Template:Navbox 18.66% 105.752 1 Template:Democratic_National_Convention 18.00% 101.977 1 Template:Reflist 14.55% 82.438 2 Template:Cite_web 14.06% 79.644 1 Template:United_States_presidential_election,_1928 12.74% 72.183 8 Template:Party_color 11.42% 64.707 1 Template:Short_description 11.34% 64.247 7 Template:Box-shadow_border 7.18% 40.674 1 Template:Infobox_National_Political_Convention --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:9242636:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241203160959 and revision id 1257101665. 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