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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Occupation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Occupation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Technology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Technology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Technology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Technology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cognitive_archaeology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cognitive_archaeology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Cognitive archaeology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cognitive_archaeology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interrupted_technological_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interrupted_technological_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Interrupted technological development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interrupted_technological_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_Heritage_Status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_Heritage_Status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>World Heritage Status</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_Heritage_Status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibudu-H%C3%B6hle" title="Sibudu-Höhle – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sibudu-Höhle" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibudu-kaverno" title="Sibudu-kaverno – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sibudu-kaverno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grotte_de_Sibudu" title="Grotte de Sibudu – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Grotte de Sibudu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%87%D9%81_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88" title="كهف سيبودو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كهف سيبودو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibhudugrot" title="Sibhudugrot – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sibhudugrot" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaskinia_Sibudu" title="Jaskinia Sibudu – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jaskinia Sibudu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sibudu_Cave&params=29_31_21.5_S_31_05_09.2_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">29°31′21.5″S</span> <span class="longitude">31°05′09.2″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">29.522639°S 31.085889°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-29.522639; 31.085889</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Rock shelter with earliest examples of modern human technology in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #e7dcc3;">Sibudu Cave</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Sibudu_cave_KZN_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Sibudu_cave_KZN_02.JPG/250px-Sibudu_cave_KZN_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="376" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Sibudu_cave_KZN_02.JPG/375px-Sibudu_cave_KZN_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Sibudu_cave_KZN_02.JPG/500px-Sibudu_cave_KZN_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="200" data-zoom="10" data-lat="-29.522638888889" data-lon="31.085888888889" data-overlays="["_40931fa4e4a5d676dc0c437fd1e6b5820dce43c4"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/10/-29.522638888889/31.085888888889/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,-29.522638888889,31.085888888889,270x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Sibudu_Cave&revid=1238001787&groups=_40931fa4e4a5d676dc0c437fd1e6b5820dce43c4" width="270" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,-29.522638888889,31.085888888889,270x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Sibudu_Cave&revid=1238001787&groups=_40931fa4e4a5d676dc0c437fd1e6b5820dce43c4 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tongaat" class="mw-redirect" title="Tongaat">Tongaat</a>, <a href="/wiki/KwaZulu-Natal" title="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sibudu_Cave&params=29_31_21.5_S_31_05_09.2_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">29°31′21.5″S</span> <span class="longitude">31°05′09.2″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">29.522639°S 31.085889°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-29.522639; 31.085889</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151960987">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><div style="border:4px solid #0177D3; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">UNESCO World Heritage Site</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Official name</th><td class="infobox-data">Sibhudu Cave</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data">The Emergence of Modern Human Behaviour: The Pleistocene Occupation Sites of South Africa</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;"><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site#Selection_criteria" title="World Heritage Site">Criteria</a></th><td class="infobox-data category">Cultural: iii, iv, v</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Inscription</th><td class="infobox-data">2024 (46th <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Committee" title="World Heritage Committee">Session</a>)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sibudu Cave</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Rock_shelter" title="Rock shelter">rock shelter</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Sandstone" title="Sandstone">sandstone</a> cliff in northern <a href="/wiki/KwaZulu-Natal" title="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal</a>, South Africa.<sup id="cite_ref-Wadley04_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wadley04-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is an important <a href="/wiki/Middle_Stone_Age" title="Middle Stone Age">Middle Stone Age</a> site occupied, with some gaps, from <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004770000000000000♠"></span>77<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years ago to <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004380000000000000♠"></span>38<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years ago. </p><p>Evidence of some of the earliest examples of modern human technology has been found in the shelter (although the earliest known <a href="/wiki/Spear" title="Spear">spears</a> date back <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005400000000000000♠"></span>400<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years). The evidence in the shelter includes the earliest bone arrow (<span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004610000000000000♠"></span>61<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years old),<sup id="cite_ref-Backwell_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Backwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Backwell2018_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Backwell2018-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the earliest stone arrows (64,000 years old),<sup id="cite_ref-Lombard_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lombard-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lombard_M_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lombard_M-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the earliest needle (<span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004610000000000000♠"></span>61<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years old),<sup id="cite_ref-Backwell_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Backwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the earliest use of heat-treated mixed compound gluing (<span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004610000000000000♠"></span>61<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years ago),<sup id="cite_ref-Backwell_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Backwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and an example of the use of bedding (<span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004770000000000000♠"></span>77<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years ago) which for a while was the oldest known example (an older example from <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005200000000000000♠"></span>200<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years ago was recently discovered at <a href="/wiki/Border_Cave" title="Border Cave">Border Cave</a>, South Africa).<sup id="cite_ref-Wadley2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wadley2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The use of glues and bedding are of particular interest, because the complexity of their creation and processing has been presented as evidence of continuity between early human cognition and that of modern humans.<sup id="cite_ref-Wadley2_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wadley2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wadley_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wadley-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wynn_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wynn-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024, the Sibudu Cave became a part of the <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a> of Pleistocene Occupation Sites of South Africa.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sibudu_Cave&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sibudu Cave is a <a href="/wiki/Rock_shelter" title="Rock shelter">rock shelter</a>, located roughly 40 km (25 mi) north of the city of <a href="/wiki/Durban" title="Durban">Durban</a> and about 15 km (9 mi) inland, near the town of <a href="/wiki/Tongaat" class="mw-redirect" title="Tongaat">Tongaat</a>. It is in a steep, forested cliff facing WSW that overlooks the Tongati River in an area that is now a <a href="/wiki/Sugar_cane" class="mw-redirect" title="Sugar cane">sugar cane</a> plantation. The shelter was formed by erosional <a href="/wiki/Downcutting" title="Downcutting">downcutting</a> of the Tongati River, which now lies 10 m (33 ft) below the shelter. Its floor is 55 m (180 ft) long, and about 18 m (59 ft) in width.<sup id="cite_ref-Wadley04_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wadley04-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has a large collection of <a href="/wiki/Middle_Stone_Age" title="Middle Stone Age">Middle Stone Age</a> deposits that are well preserved organically and accurately dated using <a href="/wiki/Optically_stimulated_luminescence" title="Optically stimulated luminescence">optically stimulated luminescence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Wadley04_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wadley04-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first excavations following its discovery in 1983 were carried out by Aron Mazel of the Natal Museum (unpublished work).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Lyn_Wadley" title="Lyn Wadley">Lyn Wadley</a> of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Witwatersrand" title="University of the Witwatersrand">University of the Witwatersrand</a> started renewed excavations in September 1998. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:10.1371.journal.pone.0098359.g002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/10.1371.journal.pone.0098359.g002.jpg/220px-10.1371.journal.pone.0098359.g002.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/10.1371.journal.pone.0098359.g002.jpg/330px-10.1371.journal.pone.0098359.g002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/10.1371.journal.pone.0098359.g002.jpg/440px-10.1371.journal.pone.0098359.g002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1926" data-file-height="1282" /></a><figcaption>View of the excavation area within the rock shelter.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Occupation">Occupation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sibudu_Cave&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Occupation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The occupations at Sibudu are divided into pre-Still Bay, <a href="/wiki/Stillbay" title="Stillbay">Still Bay</a> (<span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004720000000000000♠"></span>72<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span>–71<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years ago), <a href="/wiki/Howiesons_Poort" title="Howiesons Poort">Howiesons Poort</a> (before <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004610000000000000♠"></span>61<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years ago), post-Howiesons Poort (<span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004585000000000000♠"></span>58<span style="margin-left:.25em;">500</span></span> years ago), late (<span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004477000000000000♠"></span>47<span style="margin-left:.25em;">700</span></span> years ago), and final Middle Stone Age phases (<span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004386000000000000♠"></span>38<span style="margin-left:.25em;">600</span></span> years ago). There were occupation gaps of approximately <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004100000000000000♠"></span>10<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years between the post-Howiesons Poort and the late <a href="/wiki/Middle_Stone_Age" title="Middle Stone Age">Middle Stone Age</a> stage, and the late and final Middle Stone periods. There was no <a href="/wiki/Late_Stone_Age" title="Late Stone Age">Late Stone Age</a> occupation, although there was an <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a> occupation about 1000 B.C. </p><p>Evidence suggests these were dry periods and the shelter was occupied only during wet climatic conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sibudu_cave_KZN_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Sibudu_cave_KZN_01.JPG/220px-Sibudu_cave_KZN_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Sibudu_cave_KZN_01.JPG/330px-Sibudu_cave_KZN_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Sibudu_cave_KZN_01.JPG/440px-Sibudu_cave_KZN_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>View of the rock shelter in a sandstone cliff.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technology">Technology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sibudu_Cave&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The pre-Still Bay occupation had a <a href="/wiki/Lithic_flake" title="Lithic flake">lithic flake</a>-based industry and made few tools. The Still Bay occupation, in addition to such flakes, made <a href="/wiki/Biface" class="mw-redirect" title="Biface">bifacial</a> tools and <a href="/wiki/Projectile_point" title="Projectile point">points</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trace use analysis on the tips of the points finds evidence of compound adhesives on their bases where they would once have been hafted to shafts.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:10.1371_journal.pone.0098359.g003.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/10.1371_journal.pone.0098359.g003.jpg/220px-10.1371_journal.pone.0098359.g003.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/10.1371_journal.pone.0098359.g003.jpg/330px-10.1371_journal.pone.0098359.g003.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/10.1371_journal.pone.0098359.g003.jpg/440px-10.1371_journal.pone.0098359.g003.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3959" data-file-height="3684" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Stone_tool" title="Stone tool">Lithic tools</a> from the cave.</figcaption></figure> <p>Various examples of early human technology have been found: </p> <ul><li>A bone point, a possible <a href="/wiki/Arrowhead" title="Arrowhead">arrowhead</a> that pushes back the origin of bow and bone arrow technology to <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004610000000000000♠"></span>61<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years ago, at least <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004200000000000000♠"></span>20<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years beyond the previous earliest example;<sup id="cite_ref-Backwell_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Backwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The earliest known bone <a href="/wiki/Sewing_needle" title="Sewing needle">needle</a>, dated to <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004610000000000000♠"></span>61<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years ago, with wear similar to that found in bone needles used to puncture animal <a href="/wiki/Hide_(skin)" title="Hide (skin)">hide</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-Backwell_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Backwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The earliest example of a compound glue (<a href="/wiki/Natural_gum" title="Natural gum">plant gum</a> and red <a href="/wiki/Ochre" title="Ochre">ochre</a>), used for <a href="/wiki/Hafting" title="Hafting">hafting</a> stone points into wood handles to create spears — dated no later than <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004710000000000000♠"></span>71<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years ago;<sup id="cite_ref-Backwell_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Backwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and</li> <li>Shell beads, although of a more recent date than those found at <a href="/wiki/Blombos_cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Blombos cave">Blombos cave</a> (<span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004710000000000000♠"></span>71<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years ago for the Sibudu beads, versus <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004750000000000000♠"></span>75<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years ago for those at Blombos);<sup id="cite_ref-d'Errico_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d'Errico-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>An example of the use of bedding, dating back to approximately <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004770000000000000♠"></span>77<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years ago, with <a href="/wiki/Cryptocarya_woodii" title="Cryptocarya woodii">Cape laurel</a> being used on top, probably for its <a href="/wiki/Insecticide" title="Insecticide">insecticidal</a> properties;<sup id="cite_ref-Wadley2_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wadley2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The earliest use of milk (<a href="/wiki/Casein" title="Casein">casein</a>) as a paint binder in a milk-ochre mixture (<span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004490000000000000♠"></span>49<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> years ago).<sup id="cite_ref-Villa_2015_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Villa_2015-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Dried fruits, <a href="/wiki/Carbonised" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbonised">carbonised</a> and uncarbonised seeds (uncarbonised seeds consist of <i><a href="/wiki/Antidesma" title="Antidesma">Antidesma</a> venosum</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Croton_sylvaticus" title="Croton sylvaticus">Croton sylvaticus</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Bridelia_micrantha" title="Bridelia micrantha">Bridelia micrantha</a></i>, and many others) and nuts were found at Sibudu Cave belonging to the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Stone_Age" title="Middle Stone Age">Middle Stone Age</a>, from more than 60 <a href="/wiki/Kyr" title="Kyr">ka</a> ago to approximately 37 ka ago.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The plant bedding consisted of <a href="/wiki/Sedges" class="mw-redirect" title="Sedges">sedge</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Monocotyledon" title="Monocotyledon">monocotyledons</a> topped with aromatic leaves containing natural insecticidal and <a href="/wiki/Larvicidal" class="mw-redirect" title="Larvicidal">larvicidal</a> chemicals. The leaves were all from Cape laurel (<i><a href="/wiki/Cryptocarya_woodii" title="Cryptocarya woodii">Cryptocarya woodii</a></i>) which, when crushed, are aromatic and contain traces of α-<a href="/wiki/Pyrone" title="Pyrone">pyrones</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cryptofolione&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cryptofolione (page does not exist)">cryptofolione</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Goniothalamin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Goniothalamin (page does not exist)">goniothalamin</a>, chemicals that have insecticidal and larvicidal properties against, for example, mosquitoes. <i><a href="/wiki/Cryptocarya" title="Cryptocarya">Cryptocarya</a></i> species are still used extensively in traditional medicine. </p><p>The Howiesons Poort occupation manufactured <a href="/wiki/Blade_(archaeology)" title="Blade (archaeology)">blade</a> tools. These blades are shaped like the segment of an orange, with a sharp cutting edge on the straight lateral and an intentionally blunted and curved back. These were attached to shafts or handles by means of ochre and plant adhesive or alternatively fat mixed with plant material.<sup id="cite_ref-Wadley_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wadley-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Segments often were made with a cutting edge along their entire length, which required that they be attached to their hafts without twine and so, calls for particularly strong adhesive glue.<sup id="cite_ref-WadleyS_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WadleyS-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Points were used in the period after the Howiesons Poort for hunting weapons, such as the tips of spears. Use–trace analysis suggests that many of these points were hafted with ochre-loaded adhesives.<sup id="cite_ref-WadleyS_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WadleyS-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cognitive_archaeology">Cognitive archaeology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sibudu_Cave&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Cognitive archaeology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> The replication of shafted tool manufacture using only methods and materials available at Sibudu has enabled the identification of the complexity of the thought processes that it required. The stone spear was embedded in the wood using a compound adhesive made up of plant gum, red ochre, and to aid the workability, possibly a small amount of beeswax, coarse particles, or fat.<sup id="cite_ref-Wadley_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wadley-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This preliminary mixture had to have the correct ingredient proportions and then, before shafting, undergo a controlled heat treatment stage. This heating had to avoid boiling or dehydrating the mixture too much, otherwise it would weaken the resulting <a href="/wiki/Mastic_(plant_resin)" title="Mastic (plant resin)">mastic</a>. The maker also had to reduce its <a href="/wiki/Acidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Acidity">acidity</a>. By experimentally recreating the fabrication of this adhesive, researchers concluded that the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Stone_Age" title="Middle Stone Age">Middle Stone Age</a> (MSA) humans at Sibudu would have required the multilevel mental operations and abstract thought capabilities of modern people to do this.<sup id="cite_ref-Wadley_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wadley-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wynn_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wynn-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><blockquote><p>Artisans living in the MSA must have been able to think in abstract terms about properties of plant gums and natural iron products, even though they lacked empirical means for gauging them. Qualities of gum, such as wet, sticky, and viscous, were mentally abstracted, and these meanings counterpoised against ochre properties, such as dry, loose, and dehydrating. Simultaneously, the artisan had to think about the correct position for placing stone inserts on the shafts.... Although fully modern behaviour is recognisable relatively late in the MSA, the circumstantial evidence provided here implies that people who made compound adhesives in the MSA shared at least some advanced behaviours with their modern successors.<sup id="cite_ref-Wadley_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wadley-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup>p. 9593.</sup></p></blockquote><p> In a commentary upon this research it has been suggested that instead of focusing upon language, with </p><blockquote><p>activities that tax reasoning ability and are also visible archaeologically, such as shafting, archaeologists are in a better position to contribute to an understanding of the evolution of the modern mind.<sup id="cite_ref-Wynn_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wynn-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup>p. 9545.</sup></p></blockquote> <p>Some of these hafted points might have been launched from bows. While "most attributes such as micro-residue distribution patterns and micro-wear will develop similarly on points used to tip spears, darts or arrows" and "explicit tests for distinctions between thrown spears and projected arrows have not yet been conducted" the researchers find "contextual support" for the use of these points on arrows: a broad range of animals were hunted, with an emphasis on taxa that prefer closed forested niches, including fast moving, terrestrial and arboreal animals. This is an argument for the use of traps, perhaps including snares. If snares were used, the use of cords and knots, which also would have been adequate for the production of bows, is implied. The employment of snares also would demonstrate a practical understanding of the latent energy stored in bent branches, the main principle of bow construction.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The use of Cryptocarya leaves in bedding indicates that early use of herbal medicines may have awarded selective advantages to humans, and the use of such plants implies a new dimension to the behaviour of early humans at this time.<sup id="cite_ref-Wadley2_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wadley2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Interrupted_technological_development">Interrupted technological development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sibudu_Cave&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Interrupted technological development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Artifact_(archaeology)" title="Artifact (archaeology)">Artefacts</a> such as piecing needles, arrows, and shell <a href="/wiki/Bead" title="Bead">beads</a><sup id="cite_ref-d'Errico_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d'Errico-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at Sibudu and elsewhere occur in a pattern whereby innovations are not further and progressively developed, but arise and then disappear. For instance, the shell beads occur in the Still Bay layers, but are absent from the Howiesons Poort ones, in Sibudu, and elsewhere.<sup id="cite_ref-d'Errico_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d'Errico-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This challenges the idea that the early development of technology by early humans was a process of accumulation of improvements.<sup id="cite_ref-Backwell_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Backwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-d'Errico_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d'Errico-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In discussing the findings of artefacts at Sibudu researchers have commented that they:</p><blockquote><p>can hardly be used to support the "classic" out of Africa scenario, which predicts increasing complexity and accretion of innovations during the MSA, determined by biological change. Instead, they appear, disappear, and re-appear in a way that best fits a scenario in which historical contingencies and environmental, rather than cognitive, changes are seen as main drivers.<sup id="cite_ref-Backwell_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Backwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup>p. 1577.</sup></p></blockquote> <p>The idea that environmental change was responsible for this pattern has been questioned, and instead it has been suggested that the driving factors were changes in the social networks related to changes in population density.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="World_Heritage_Status">World Heritage Status</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sibudu_Cave&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: World Heritage Status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2015, the South African government submitted a proposal to add the cave to the list of <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Sites</a> and it has been placed on the UNESCO list of tentative sites as a potential future 'serial nomination' together with <a href="/wiki/Blombos_Cave" title="Blombos Cave">Blombos Cave</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pinnacle_Point" title="Pinnacle Point">Pinnacle Point</a>, <a href="/wiki/Klasies_River_Caves" title="Klasies River Caves">Klasies River Caves</a>, <a href="/wiki/Border_Cave" title="Border Cave">Border Cave</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Diepkloof_Rock_Shelter" title="Diepkloof Rock Shelter">Diepkloof Rock Shelter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three of the sites gained the World Heritage Status in 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sibudu_Cave&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Howieson%27s_Poort_Shelter" title="Howieson's Poort Shelter">Howieson's Poort Shelter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klasies_River_Caves" title="Klasies River Caves">Klasies River Caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_caves_in_South_Africa" title="List of caves in South Africa">List of caves in South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_behaviour" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern behaviour">Modern behaviour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_evolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of evolution">Timeline of evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_historic_inventions" title="Timeline of historic inventions">Timeline of historic inventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyn_Wadley" title="Lyn Wadley">Lyn Wadley</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sibudu_Cave&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Wadley04-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wadley04_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wadley04_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wadley04_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWadleyJacobs2004" class="citation journal cs1">Wadley, L; Jacobs, Z (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.handle.net/10204/527">"Sibudu Cave, KwaZulu-Natal: Background to the excavations of middle stone age and iron age occupations"</a>. <i>South African Journal of Science</i>. <b>100</b>: 145–151. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10204%2F527">10204/527</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+African+Journal+of+Science&rft.atitle=Sibudu+Cave%2C+KwaZulu-Natal%3A+Background+to+the+excavations+of+middle+stone+age+and+iron+age+occupations&rft.volume=100&rft.pages=145-151&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10204%2F527&rft.aulast=Wadley&rft.aufirst=L&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+Z&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F10204%2F527&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASibudu+Cave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Backwell-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Backwell_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Backwell_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Backwell_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Backwell_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Backwell_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Backwell_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Backwell_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Backwell_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBackwelld'ErricoWadley2008" class="citation journal cs1">Backwell, L; d'Errico, F; Wadley, L (2008). "Middle Stone Age bone tools from the Howiesons Poort layers, Sibudu Cave, South Africa". <i>Journal of Archaeological Science</i>. <b>35</b> (6): 1566–1580. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008JArSc..35.1566B">2008JArSc..35.1566B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jas.2007.11.006">10.1016/j.jas.2007.11.006</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Archaeological+Science&rft.atitle=Middle+Stone+Age+bone+tools+from+the+Howiesons+Poort+layers%2C+Sibudu+Cave%2C+South+Africa&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=1566-1580&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jas.2007.11.006&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2008JArSc..35.1566B&rft.aulast=Backwell&rft.aufirst=L&rft.au=d%27Errico%2C+F&rft.au=Wadley%2C+L&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASibudu+Cave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Backwell2018-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Backwell2018_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBackwellBradfieldCarlsonJashashvili2018" class="citation journal cs1">Backwell, L; Bradfield, J; Carlson, KJ; Jashashvili, T; Wadley, L; d'Errico, F (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15184%2Faqy.2018.11">"The antiquity of bow-and-arrow technology: evidence from Middle Stone Age layers at Sibudu Cave"</a>. <i>Journal of Archaeological Science</i>. <b>92</b> (362): 289–303. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15184%2Faqy.2018.11">10.15184/aqy.2018.11</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/11336%2F81248">11336/81248</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Archaeological+Science&rft.atitle=The+antiquity+of+bow-and-arrow+technology%3A+evidence+from+Middle+Stone+Age+layers+at+Sibudu+Cave&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=362&rft.pages=289-303&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F11336%2F81248&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.15184%2Faqy.2018.11&rft.aulast=Backwell&rft.aufirst=L&rft.au=Bradfield%2C+J&rft.au=Carlson%2C+KJ&rft.au=Jashashvili%2C+T&rft.au=Wadley%2C+L&rft.au=d%27Errico%2C+F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.15184%252Faqy.2018.11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASibudu+Cave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lombard-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lombard_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLombardPhillips2010" class="citation journal cs1">Lombard M, Phillips L (2010). "Indications of bow and stone-tipped arrow use 64,000 years ago in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa". <i>Antiquity</i>. <b>84</b> (325): 635–648. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0003598X00100134">10.1017/S0003598X00100134</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:162438490">162438490</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antiquity&rft.atitle=Indications+of+bow+and+stone-tipped+arrow+use+64%2C000+years+ago+in+KwaZulu-Natal%2C+South+Africa&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=325&rft.pages=635-648&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0003598X00100134&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A162438490%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Lombard&rft.aufirst=M&rft.au=Phillips%2C+L&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASibudu+Cave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lombard_M-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lombard_M_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLombard2011" class="citation journal cs1">Lombard M (2011). 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(2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.1213317">Middle Stone Age Bedding Construction and Settlement Patterns at Sibudu, South Africa</a>. Science 9 December 2011: Vol. 334 no. 6061 pp. 1388–1391. An older example is now known: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLyn_Wadley2020" class="citation journal cs1">Lyn Wadley; et al. 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Roberts, RG (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=2686379&blobtype=pdf">"Catalysts for Stone Age innovations: What might have triggered two short-lived bursts of technological and behavioral innovation in southern Africa during the Middle Stone Age?"</a>. <i>Commun Integr Biol</i>. <b>2</b> (2): 191–3. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4161%2Fcib.7743">10.4161/cib.7743</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2686379">2686379</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19513276">19513276</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Commun+Integr+Biol.&rft.atitle=Catalysts+for+Stone+Age+innovations%3A+What+might+have+triggered+two+short-lived+bursts+of+technological+and+behavioral+innovation+in+southern+Africa+during+the+Middle+Stone+Age%3F&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=191-3&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2686379%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19513276&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4161%2Fcib.7743&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.au=Roberts%2C+RG&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pubmedcentral.nih.gov%2Fpicrender.fcgi%3Fartid%3D2686379%26blobtype%3Dpdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASibudu+Cave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6050">"The Emergence of Modern Humans: The Pleistocene occupation sites of South Africa"</a>. <i>UNESCO</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UNESCO&rft.atitle=The+Emergence+of+Modern+Humans%3A+The+Pleistocene+occupation+sites+of+South+Africa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Ftentativelists%2F6050&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASibudu+Cave" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sibudu_Cave&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=588&art_id=vn20080605055841569C413057">Little arrow that rewrites history books</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archaeology.about.com/od/shthroughsiterms/qt/sibudu_cave.htm">Sibudu Cave (South Africa)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sahris.sahra.org.za/sites/924120018">Site by Sibudu Cave</a>, at <a href="/wiki/SAHRA" class="mw-redirect" title="SAHRA">SAHRA</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output 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mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rock_art_in_Europe" title="Category:Rock art in Europe">Europe</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Austria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drachenh%C3%B6hle" title="Drachenhöhle">Drachenhöhle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudenus_cave" title="Gudenus cave">Gudenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lurgrotte" title="Lurgrotte">Lurgrotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salzofen_cave" title="Salzofen cave">Salzofen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tischofer_Cave" title="Tischofer Cave">Tischofer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Belgium</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Belle-Roche</li> <li>Claminforge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schmerling_Caves" title="Schmerling Caves">Engis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goyet_Caves" title="Goyet Caves">Goyet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naulette" title="Naulette">Naulette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_flint_mines_of_Spiennes" title="Neolithic flint mines of Spiennes">Neolithic flint mines of Spiennes</a></li> <li>Ramioul</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scladina" title="Scladina">Scladina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spy_Cave" title="Spy Cave">Spy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trou_de_l%27Ab%C3%AEme" title="Trou de l'Abîme">Trou de l'Abîme</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Bosnia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badanj_Cave" title="Badanj Cave">Badanj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ledenja%C4%8Da_Cave" title="Ledenjača Cave">Ledenjača</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Bulgaria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bacho_Kiro_cave" title="Bacho Kiro cave">Bacho Kiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devetashka_cave" title="Devetashka cave">Devetashka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozarnika" class="mw-redirect" title="Kozarnika">Kozarnika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magura_Cave" title="Magura Cave">Magura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utroba_Cave" title="Utroba Cave">Utroba Cave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Croatia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grap%C4%8Deva_cave" title="Grapčeva cave">Grapčeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krapina_Neanderthal_site" title="Krapina Neanderthal site">Krapina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vela_Spila" title="Vela Spila">Vela Spila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vindija_Cave" title="Vindija Cave">Vindija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romuald%27s_Cave" title="Romuald's Cave">Romuald's Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veternica_(cave)" title="Veternica (cave)">Veternica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Cyprus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aetokremnos" title="Aetokremnos">Aetokremnos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Czech Republic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amat%C3%A9rsk%C3%A1_Cave" title="Amatérská Cave">Amatérská</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BD%C4%8D%C3%AD_sk%C3%A1la_Cave" title="Býčí skála Cave">Býčí skála</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kon%C4%9Bprusy_Caves" title="Koněprusy Caves">Koněprusy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%AFlna_Cave" title="Kůlna Cave">Kůlna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mlade%C4%8D_caves" title="Mladeč caves">Mladeč</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ipka" title="Šipka">Šipka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Finland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_Cave" title="Wolf Cave">Wolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Sites_and_Decorated_Caves_of_the_V%C3%A9z%C3%A8re_Valley" title="Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley">Vézère Valley World Heritage Site</a></dt> <dd>Bara Bahau</dd> <dd>Bernifal</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cap_Blanc_rock_shelter" title="Cap Blanc rock shelter">Cap Blanc</a></dd> <dd>Castel Merle <dl><dd>Abri Castanet</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Reverdit_rockshelter" title="Reverdit rockshelter">Reverdit</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Les_Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil" title="Les Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil">Les Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil</a></dd> <dd>Abri Audi</dd> <dd>Abri Chadourne</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Les_Combarelles" title="Les Combarelles">Les Combarelles</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cro-Magnon_rock_shelter" title="Cro-Magnon rock shelter">Cro-Magnon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Font-de-Gaume" title="Font-de-Gaume">Font-de-Gaume</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Laugerie-Basse" title="Laugerie-Basse">Laugerie-Basse</a></dd> <dd>Laugerie-Haute</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/La_Micoque" class="mw-redirect" title="La Micoque">La Micoque</a></dd> <dd>La Mouthe</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Abri_Pataud" title="Abri Pataud">Pataud</a></dd> <dd>Abri du Poisson</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lascaux" title="Lascaux">Lascaux</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Abri_de_la_Madeleine" title="Abri de la Madeleine">La Madeleine</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rouffignac_Cave" title="Rouffignac Cave">Rouffignac</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">Other World Heritage Sites</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chauvet_Cave" title="Chauvet Cave">Chauvet</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Other caves with decoration</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Caves_of_Arcy-sur-Cure" title="Caves of Arcy-sur-Cure">Arcy-sur-Cure</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Caves_of_Gargas" title="Caves of Gargas">Gargas</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cosquer_Cave" title="Cosquer Cave">Cosquer</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Grotte_de_Cussac" title="Grotte de Cussac">Cussac</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Font%C3%A9chevade" title="Fontéchevade">Fontéchevade</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/La_Chaire_a_Calvin" title="La Chaire a Calvin">La Chaire a Calvin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/La_Marche_(cave)" title="La Marche (cave)">La Marche</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lombrives" title="Lombrives">Lombrives</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Grotte_de_Gabillou" title="Grotte de Gabillou">Grotte de Gabillou</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Marsoulas_Cave" title="Marsoulas Cave">Marsoulas</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Le_Mas-d%27Azil" title="Le Mas-d'Azil">Le Mas-d'Azil</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Mayri%C3%A8res_sup%C3%A9rieure" title="Cave of Mayrières supérieure">Mayrières supérieure</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Niaux" title="Cave of Niaux">Niaux</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pair-non-Pair" title="Pair-non-Pair">Pair-non-Pair</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pech_Merle" title="Pech Merle">Pech Merle</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Roc-aux-Sorciers" title="Roc-aux-Sorciers">Roc-aux-Sorciers</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Grotte_du_Renne" title="Grotte du Renne">Renne</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_the_Trois-Fr%C3%A8res" title="Cave of the Trois-Frères">Trois Frères</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Villars_Cave" title="Villars Cave">Villars</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/List_of_caves_in_France" title="List of caves in France">Other caves</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Arago_cave" title="Arago cave">Arago</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Aurignac" title="Cave of Aurignac">Aurignac</a></dd> <dd>Azé</dd> <dd>Balauzière</dd> <dd>Bonne-Femme</dd> <dd>Bouillon</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bruniquel_Cave" title="Bruniquel Cave">Bruniquel</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lamanon" title="Lamanon">Calès</a></dd> <dd>Cauna</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/La_Chapelle-aux-Saints" title="La Chapelle-aux-Saints">La Chapelle-aux-Saints</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Combe_Grenal" title="Combe Grenal">Combe Grenal</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/La_Ferrassie" title="La Ferrassie">La Ferrassie</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/La_Grotte_des_F%C3%A9es" title="La Grotte des Fées">Fées</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Fontbr%C3%A9goua_Cave" title="Fontbrégoua Cave">Fontbrégoua</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Grotte_du_Lazaret" title="Grotte du Lazaret">Lazaret</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Le_Moustier" title="Le Moustier">Le Moustier</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Noisetier_Cave" title="Noisetier Cave">Noisetier</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/La_Quina" title="La Quina">La Quina</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Raymonden" title="Raymonden">Raymonden</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Le_Regourdou" title="Le Regourdou">Le Regourdou</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rochereil" title="Rochereil">Rochereil</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Grotte_du_Vallonnet" title="Grotte du Vallonnet">Vallonnet</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Germany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Caves_and_Ice_Age_Art_in_the_Swabian_Jura" title="Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura">Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura World Heritage Site</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bockstein_Cave" title="Bockstein Cave">Bockstein</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Geissenkl%C3%B6sterle" title="Geissenklösterle">Geissenklösterle</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hohle_Fels" title="Hohle Fels">Hohle Fels</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hohlenstein-Stadel" title="Hohlenstein-Stadel">Hohlenstein-Stadel</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sirgenstein_Cave" title="Sirgenstein Cave">Sirgenstein</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vogelherd_Cave" title="Vogelherd Cave">Vogelherd</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Other caves</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Baumann%27s_Cave" title="Baumann's Cave">Baumann's</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brillenh%C3%B6hle" title="Brillenhöhle">Brillenhöhle</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kleine_Feldhofer_Grotte" title="Kleine Feldhofer Grotte">Kleine Feldhofer</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lichtenstein_Cave" title="Lichtenstein Cave">Lichtenstein</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ofnet_Caves" title="Ofnet Caves">Ofnet</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef"><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Tower_Cave" title="Devil's Tower Cave">Devil's Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorham%27s_Cave" title="Gorham's Cave">Gorham's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard_Cave" title="Vanguard Cave">Vanguard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Greece</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alepotrypa_cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Alepotrypa cave">Alepotrypa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apidima_Cave" title="Apidima Cave">Apidima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asphendou_Cave_petroglyphs" title="Asphendou Cave petroglyphs">Asphendou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia_Cave" title="Eileithyia Cave">Eileithyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franchthi_Cave" title="Franchthi Cave">Franchthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleidi_Cave" title="Kleidi Cave">Kleidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalakkos" title="Megalakkos">Megalakkos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petralona_cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Petralona cave">Petralona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stravomyti" class="mw-redirect" title="Stravomyti">Stravomyti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theopetra_cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Theopetra cave">Theopetra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Hungary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baradla_cave" title="Baradla cave">Baradla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szelim_cave" title="Szelim cave">Szelim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Italy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grotta_dell%27Addaura" title="Grotta dell'Addaura">Addaura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arene_Candide" title="Arene Candide">Arene Candide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balzi_Rossi" title="Balzi Rossi">Balzi Rossi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grotta_del_Cavallo" title="Grotta del Cavallo">Cavallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corbeddu_Cave" title="Corbeddu Cave">Corbeddu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer_Cave_(Otranto)" title="Deer Cave (Otranto)">Deer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grotta_delle_Felci" title="Grotta delle Felci"><i>Felci</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paglicci_Cave" title="Paglicci Cave">Paglicci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romito_Cave" title="Romito Cave">Romito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripari_Villabruna" title="Ripari Villabruna">Villabruna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef"><a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Cotte_de_St_Brelade" title="La Cotte de St Brelade">St Brelade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Kosovo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bukuroshja_e_Fjetur_Cave" title="Bukuroshja e Fjetur Cave">Bukuroshja e Fjetur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Luxembourg</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loschbur" class="mw-redirect" title="Loschbur">Loschbur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Malta</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7ar_Dalam" title="Għar Dalam">Għar Dalam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cocev_Kamen" title="Cocev Kamen">Cocev Kamen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Norway</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Svarthola" title="Svarthola">Svarthola</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Poland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ob%C5%82azowa_Cave" title="Obłazowa Cave">Obłazowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradise_Cave" title="Paradise Cave">Paradise</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Portugal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Aroeira" title="Cave of Aroeira">Aroeira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escoural_Cave" title="Escoural Cave">Escoural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furninha" title="Furninha">Furninha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abrigo_do_Lagar_Velho" title="Abrigo do Lagar Velho">Lagar Velho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Rock-Art_Site_of_Pala_Pinta" title="Prehistoric Rock-Art Site of Pala Pinta">Pala Pinta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Pedra_Furada" title="Cave of Pedra Furada">Pedra Furada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Pego_do_Diabo" title="Cave of Pego do Diabo">Pego do Diabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Salemas" title="Cave of Salemas">Salemas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Romania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coliboaia_Cave" title="Coliboaia Cave">Coliboaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuciulat_Cave" title="Cuciulat Cave">Cuciulat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe%C8%99tera_Muierilor" title="Peștera Muierilor">Muierilor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe%C8%99tera_cu_Oase" title="Peștera cu Oase">Oase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akhshtyrskaya_Cave" title="Akhshtyrskaya Cave">Akhshtyrskaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chertovy_Vorota_Cave" title="Chertovy Vorota Cave">Chertovy Vorota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denisova_Cave" title="Denisova Cave">Denisova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatievka_Cave" title="Ignatievka Cave">Ignatievka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shulgan-Tash_Cave" title="Shulgan-Tash Cave">Shulgan-Tash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezmaiskaya_cave" title="Mezmaiskaya cave">Mezmaiskaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okladnikov_Cave" title="Okladnikov Cave">Okladnikov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Serbia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Had%C5%BEi-Prodan%27s_Cave" title="Hadži-Prodan's Cave">Hadži-Prodan's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe%C5%A1turina" title="Pešturina">Pešturina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Risova%C4%8Da_Cave" title="Risovača Cave">Risovača</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balanica" title="Balanica">Mala Balanica and Velika Balanica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Slovakia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Certova_pec" title="Čertova pec">Čertova pec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domica_Cave" title="Domica Cave">Domica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasovsk%C3%A1_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Jasovská Cave">Jasovská</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Slovenia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Betal_Rock_Shelter" title="Betal Rock Shelter">Betal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divje_Babe" title="Divje Babe">Divje Babe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hell_Cave" title="Hell Cave">Pekel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potok_Cave" title="Potok Cave">Potok</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Altamira_and_Paleolithic_Cave_Art_of_Northern_Spain" title="Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain">Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain World Heritage Site</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Altamira" title="Cave of Altamira">Altamira</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Caves_in_Cantabria" title="Caves in Cantabria">Caves in Cantabria</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Chuf%C3%ADn" title="Cave of Chufín">Chufín</a></dd> <dd>Covalanas</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/La_Garma_cave_complex" title="La Garma cave complex">La Garma</a></dd> <dd>Hornos de la Peña</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Caves_of_Monte_Castillo" title="Caves of Monte Castillo">Monte Castillo</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_El_Castillo" title="Cave of El Castillo">El Castillo</a></dd> <dd>Las Chimeneas</dd> <dd>Las Monedas</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_La_Pasiega" title="Cave of La Pasiega">La Pasiega</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd>El Pendo</dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tito_Bustillo_Cave" title="Tito Bustillo Cave">Tito Bustillo</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Altxerri" title="Cave of Altxerri">Altxerri</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Santimami%C3%B1e" title="Santimamiñe">Santimamiñe</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Los_Aviones" title="Cave of Los Aviones">Los Aviones</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Rock_art_of_the_Iberian_Mediterranean_Basin" title="Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin">Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin World Heritage Site</a>)</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cuevas_de_la_Ara%C3%B1a" title="Cuevas de la Araña">Araña</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Roca_dels_Moros" title="Roca dels Moros">Roca dels Moros</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">Other World Heritage Sites</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Atapuerca_Mountains" title="Atapuerca Mountains">Atapuerca</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Siega_Verde" class="mw-redirect" title="Siega Verde">Siega Verde</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Other caves with decoration</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Bacinete" title="Cave of Bacinete">Bacinete</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_the_Barranc_del_Migdia" title="Cave of the Barranc del Migdia">Barranc del Migdia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Las_Caldas_cave" title="Las Caldas cave">Las Caldas</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cueva_de_los_Casares" title="Cueva de los Casares">Los Casares</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Maltravieso" title="Cave of Maltravieso">Maltravieso</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cueva_de_los_Murci%C3%A9lagos" title="Cueva de los Murciélagos">los Murciélagos</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Caves_of_Nerja" title="Caves of Nerja">Nerja</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Ni%C3%B1o" title="Cave of Niño">Niño</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ojo_Guare%C3%B1a" title="Ojo Guareña">Ojo Guareña</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pe%C3%B1as_de_Cabrera" title="Peñas de Cabrera">Peñas de Cabrera</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cueva_de_la_Pileta" title="Cueva de la Pileta">la Pileta</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Praileaitz_Cave" title="Praileaitz Cave">Praileaitz</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sidr%C3%B3n_Cave" title="Sidrón Cave">Sidrón</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/List_of_caves_in_Spain" title="List of caves in Spain">Other caves</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_the_Angel" title="Cave of the Angel">Ángel</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cueva_Ant%C3%B3n" title="Cueva Antón">Antón</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Armintxe_Cave" title="Armintxe Cave">Armintxe</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Axlor" title="Axlor">Axlor</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Bedmar" title="Cave of Bedmar">Bedmar</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Roca_dels_Bous_(archaeological_site)" title="Roca dels Bous (archaeological site)">dels Bous</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Caves_of_Don_Gaspar" title="Caves of Don Gaspar">Don Gaspar</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_the_Guanches" title="Cave of the Guanches">Guanches</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/El_Mir%C3%B3n_Cave" title="El Mirón Cave">El Mirón</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Catalina_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Santa Catalina Cave (page does not exist)">Santa Catalina</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cave_del_Valle_(Cantabria)" title="Cave del Valle (Cantabria)">del Valle</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Switzerland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grotte_du_Bichon" title="Grotte du Bichon">Bichon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildkirchli" title="Wildkirchli">Wildkirchli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">Ukraine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Verteba_Cave" title="Verteba Cave">Verteba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:lef">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aveline%27s_Hole" title="Aveline's Hole">Aveline's Hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bontnewydd_Palaeolithic_site" title="Bontnewydd Palaeolithic site">Bontnewydd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathole_Cave" title="Cathole Cave">Cathole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coygan_Cave" title="Coygan Cave">Coygan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creswell_Crags" title="Creswell Crags">Creswell Crags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gough%27s_Cave" title="Gough's Cave">Gough's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathery_Burn_Cave" title="Heathery Burn Cave">Heathery Burn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Pasture_Cave" title="High Pasture Cave">High Pasture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendrick%27s_Cave" title="Kendrick's Cave">Kendrick's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kents_Cavern" title="Kents Cavern">Kents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Hole_Cave" title="Long Hole Cave">Long Hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marble_Arch_Caves" title="Marble Arch Caves">Marble Arch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldbury_rock_shelters" title="Oldbury rock shelters">Oldbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portbraddon_Cave" title="Portbraddon Cave">Portbraddon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Lady_of_Paviland" title="Red Lady of Paviland">Red Lady of Paviland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sand,_Applecross" title="Sand, Applecross">Sand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor%27s_Cave" title="Thor's Cave">Thor's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windmill_Hill_Cavern" title="Windmill Hill Cavern">Windmill Hill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rock_art_in_Asia" title="Category:Rock art in Asia">Asia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Afghanistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darra-e_Kur" title="Darra-e Kur">Darra-e Kur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Armenia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Areni-1_cave_complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Areni-1 cave complex">Areni-1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Azerbaijan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allar_Cave" title="Allar Cave">Allar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azykh_Cave" title="Azykh Cave">Azykh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buzeyir_cave" title="Buzeyir cave">Buzeyir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damjili_Cave" title="Damjili Cave">Damjili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%C4%9Flar_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Tağlar Cave">Tağlar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zar_Cave" title="Zar Cave">Zar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazma_Cave" title="Gazma Cave">Gazma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Cambodia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laang_Spean" title="Laang Spean">Laang Spean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">China</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baishiya_Karst_Cave" title="Baishiya Karst Cave">Baishiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuyan_Cave" title="Fuyan Cave">Fuyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanyindong" title="Guanyindong">Guanyindong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luobi_Cave" title="Luobi Cave">Luobi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianyuan_Cave" title="Tianyuan Cave">Tianyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xianren_Cave" title="Xianren Cave">Xianren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuchanyan_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuchanyan Cave">Yuchanyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhoukoudian" title="Zhoukoudian">Zhoukoudian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zengpiyan_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Zengpiyan Cave">Zengpiyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhiren_Cave" title="Zhiren Cave">Zhiren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">East Timor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jerimalai" class="mw-redirect" title="Jerimalai">Jerimalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laili_(cave)" title="Laili (cave)">Laili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lene_Hara_cave" title="Lene Hara cave">Lene Hara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Georgia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satsurblia_Cave" title="Satsurblia Cave">Satsurblia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">India</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambadevi_rock_shelters" title="Ambadevi rock shelters">Ambadevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belum_Caves" title="Belum Caves">Belum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhimbetka_rock_shelters" title="Bhimbetka rock shelters">Bhimbetka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edakkal_Caves" class="mw-redirect" title="Edakkal Caves">Edakkal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudiyam_Cave" title="Gudiyam Cave">Gudiyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahargarh_caves" title="Pahargarh caves">Pahargarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikla" title="Tikla">Tikla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Indonesia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harimau_Cave" title="Harimau Cave">Harimau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubang_Jeriji_Sal%C3%A9h" title="Lubang Jeriji Saléh">Jeriji Saléh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liang_Bua" title="Liang Bua">Liang Bua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pettakere_cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Pettakere cave">Pettakere</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Iran</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bisitun_Cave" title="Bisitun Cave">Bisitun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darband_Cave" title="Darband Cave">Darband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Do-Ashkaft_Cave" title="Do-Ashkaft Cave">Do-Ashkaft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eshkaft-e_Siahoo" title="Eshkaft-e Siahoo">Eshkaft-e Siahoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huto_and_Kamarband_Caves" class="mw-redirect" title="Huto and Kamarband Caves">Huto and Kamarband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaleh_Bozi" class="mw-redirect" title="Qaleh Bozi">Qaleh Bozi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warwasi" title="Warwasi">Warwasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wezmeh" title="Wezmeh">Wezmeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yafteh" title="Yafteh">Yafteh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Iraq</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hazar_Merd_Cave" title="Hazar Merd Cave">Hazar Merd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanidar_Cave" title="Shanidar Cave">Shanidar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Israel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amud_Cave" title="Amud Cave">Amud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HaYonim_Cave" title="HaYonim Cave">HaYonim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kebara_Cave" title="Kebara Cave">Kebara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manot_Cave" title="Manot Cave">Manot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misliya_cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Misliya cave">Misliya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahal_Me%27arot_Nature_Reserve" title="Nahal Me'arot Nature Reserve">Nahal Me'arot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahal_Hemar" class="mw-redirect" title="Nahal Hemar">Nahal Hemar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahal_Oren_(archaeological_site)" title="Nahal Oren (archaeological site)">Nahal Oren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qafzeh_cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Qafzeh cave">Qafzeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qesem_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Qesem Cave">Qesem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raqefet_Cave" title="Raqefet Cave">Raqefet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Es_Skhul" class="mw-redirect" title="Es Skhul">Skhul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabun_Cave" title="Tabun Cave">Tabun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mugharet_el-Zuttiyeh" title="Mugharet el-Zuttiyeh">Zuttiyeh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Japan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosegasawa_Cave" title="Kosegasawa Cave">Kosegasawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minatogawa_Man" title="Minatogawa Man">Minatogawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muroya_Cave" title="Muroya Cave">Muroya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Czakai_Cave_Dwelling_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Ōzakai Cave Dwelling Site">Ōzakai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinza-Abu_Cave_Man" title="Pinza-Abu Cave Man">Pinza-Abu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiraho_Saonetabaru_Cave_Ruins" title="Shiraho Saonetabaru Cave Ruins">Shiraho Saonetabaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobayama_Cave" title="Tobayama Cave">Tobayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamashita_Cave_Man" title="Yamashita Cave Man">Yamashita</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Jordan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_ed-Dubb" title="Iraq ed-Dubb">Iraq ed-Dubb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Laos</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tham_An_Mah" title="Tham An Mah">Tham An Mah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tam_Pa_Ling_Cave" title="Tam Pa Ling Cave">Tam Pa Ling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Lebanon</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antelias_cave" title="Antelias cave">Antelias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeita_Grotto" title="Jeita Grotto">Jeita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaukaba" title="Kaukaba">Kaukaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ksar_Akil" title="Ksar Akil">Ksar Akil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ras_Baalbek_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Ras Baalbek I">Ras Baalbek I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ras_El_Kelb" title="Ras El Kelb">Ras El Kelb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nachcharini" title="Nachcharini">Nachcharini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Malaysia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Niah_National_Park" title="Niah National Park">Niah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Mongolia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khoit_Tsenkher_Cave_Rock_Art" title="Khoit Tsenkher Cave Rock Art">Khoit Tsenkher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Myanmar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Padah-Lin_Caves" title="Padah-Lin Caves">Padah-Lin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Pakistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sanghao_Cave" title="Sanghao Cave">Sanghao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shuqba_cave" title="Shuqba cave">Shuqba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Philippines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Callao_Cave" title="Callao Cave">Callao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalanay_Cave" title="Kalanay Cave">Kalanay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minori_Cave" title="Minori Cave">Minori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapuz_Lapuz_Cave" title="Lapuz Lapuz Cave">Lapuz Lapuz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabon_Caves" title="Tabon Caves">Tabon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Sri Lanka</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batadombalena" title="Batadombalena">Batadombalena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belilena" class="mw-redirect" title="Belilena">Belilena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fa_Hien_Cave" title="Fa Hien Cave">Fa Hien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunugalagala_Limestone_Cave" title="Hunugalagala Limestone Cave">Hunugalagala</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Thailand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pha_Taem_National_Park" title="Pha Taem National Park">Pha Taem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_Cave,_Thailand" class="mw-redirect" title="Spirit Cave, Thailand">Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tham_Lod_rockshelter" title="Tham Lod rockshelter">Tham Lod</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Turkmenistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Dzhebel" title="Cave of Dzhebel">Dzhebel</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Turkey</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belba%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Belbaşı">Belbaşı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karain_Cave" title="Karain Cave">Karain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yar%C4%B1mburgaz_Cave" title="Yarımburgaz Cave">Yarımburgaz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Uzbekistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Obi-Rakhmat_Grotto" title="Obi-Rakhmat Grotto">Obi-Rakhmat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teshik-Tash" class="mw-redirect" title="Teshik-Tash">Teshik-Tash</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Vietnam</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Con_Moong_Cave" title="Con Moong Cave">Con Moong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dm" title="Ngườm">Ngườm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rock_art_in_Africa" title="Category:Rock art in Africa">Africa</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Algeria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gueldaman_caves" title="Gueldaman caves">Gueldaman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Botswana</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tsodilo" title="Tsodilo">Tsodilo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manyana_Rock_Paintings" title="Manyana Rock Paintings">Manyana Rock Paintings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Cameroon</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shum_Laka" title="Shum Laka">Shum Laka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">DR Congo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matupi_Cave" title="Matupi Cave">Matupi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Egypt</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Beasts" title="Cave of Beasts">Beasts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Swimmers" title="Cave of Swimmers">Swimmers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Kenya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enkapune_Ya_Muto" title="Enkapune Ya Muto">Enkapune Ya Muto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Njoro_River_Cave" title="Njoro River Cave">Njoro River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Lesotho</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liphofung_Historical_Site" title="Liphofung Historical Site">Liphofung</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Libya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haua_Fteah" title="Haua Fteah">Haua Fteah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uan_Muhuggiag" title="Uan Muhuggiag">Uan Muhuggiag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Morocco</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caves_of_Hercules" title="Caves of Hercules">Hercules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ifri_N%27Ammar" class="mw-redirect" title="Ifri N'Ammar">Ifri N'Ammar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ifri_N%27Amr_Ou_Moussa" title="Ifri N'Amr Ou Moussa">Ifri N'Amr Ou Moussa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ifri_Oudadane" title="Ifri Oudadane">Ifri Oudadane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jebel_Irhoud" title="Jebel Irhoud">Jebel Irhoud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelif_el_Boroud" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelif el Boroud">Kelif el Boroud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taforalt" title="Taforalt">Taforalt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Mozambique</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ngalue" title="Ngalue">Ngalue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Namibia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11_Cave" title="Apollo 11 Cave">Apollo 11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_White_Lady_(Namibia)" title="The White Lady (Namibia)">The White Lady</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Nigeria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rop_rock_shelter" title="Rop rock shelter">Rop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Somaliland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhambalin" title="Dhambalin">Dhambalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhaymoole" title="Dhaymoole">Dhaymoole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laas_Geel" title="Laas Geel">Laas Geel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">South Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Cradle_of_Humankind" title="Cradle of Humankind">Cradle of Humankind, World Heritage Site</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bolt%27s_Farm" title="Bolt's Farm">Bolt's Farm</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cooper%27s_Cave" title="Cooper's Cave">Cooper's</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Drimolen" title="Drimolen">Drimolen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gladysvale_Cave" title="Gladysvale Cave">Gladysvale</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gondolin_Cave" title="Gondolin Cave">Gondolin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Haasgat" title="Haasgat">Haasgat</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kromdraai_fossil_site" title="Kromdraai fossil site">Kromdraai</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Makapansgat" title="Makapansgat">Makapansgat</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Malapa_Fossil_Site,_Cradle_of_Humankind" title="Malapa Fossil Site, Cradle of Humankind">Malapa</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Minnaar%27s_Cave" title="Minnaar's Cave">Minnaar's</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Motsetsi" title="Motsetsi">Motsetsi</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Plovers_Lake" title="Plovers Lake">Plovers Lake</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rising_Star_Cave" title="Rising Star Cave">Rising Star</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sterkfontein" title="Sterkfontein">Sterkfontein</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Swartkrans" title="Swartkrans">Swartkrans</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Other caves</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Blombos_Cave" title="Blombos Cave">Blombos</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Border_Cave" title="Border Cave">Border</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Boomplaas_Cave" title="Boomplaas Cave">Boomplaas</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Byneskranskop" title="Byneskranskop">Byneskranskop</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cango_Caves" title="Cango Caves">Cango</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Diepkloof_Rock_Shelter" title="Diepkloof Rock Shelter">Diepkloof</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elands_Bay_Cave" title="Elands Bay Cave">Elands Bay</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Howieson%27s_Poort_Shelter" title="Howieson's Poort Shelter">Howieson's Poort</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Klasies_River_Caves" title="Klasies River Caves">Klasies River</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Melkhoutboom_Cave" title="Melkhoutboom Cave">Melkhoutboom</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Bay_Cave" title="Nelson Bay Cave">Nelson Bay</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pinnacle_Point" title="Pinnacle Point">Pinnacle Point</a></dd> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sibudu</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stadsaal_Caves" title="Stadsaal Caves">Stadsaal</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wonderwerk_Cave" title="Wonderwerk Cave">Wonderwerk</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Tanzania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kondoa_Rock-Art_Sites" title="Kondoa Rock-Art Sites">Kondoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahi_rock_art_sites" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahi rock art sites">Bahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumba_Cave" title="Mumba Cave">Mumba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Uganda</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nyero_rock_paintings" title="Nyero rock paintings">Nyero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Zambia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalemba_Rockshelter" title="Kalemba Rockshelter">Kalemba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumbwa_Caves" title="Mumbwa Caves">Mumbwa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Zimbabwe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bambata_Cave" title="Bambata Cave">Bambata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="North_and_South_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rock_art_in_North_America" title="Category:Rock art in North America">North</a> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Rock_art_in_South_America" title="Category:Rock art in South America">South America</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Argentina</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cueva_de_las_Manos" title="Cueva de las Manos">Cueva de las Manos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Aruba</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quadiriki_Caves" title="Quadiriki Caves">Quadiriki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Belize</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Actun_Tunichil_Muknal" title="Actun Tunichil Muknal">Actun Tunichil Muknal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barton_Creek_Cave" title="Barton Creek Cave">Barton Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midnight_Terror_Cave" title="Midnight Terror Cave">Midnight Terror</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Brazil</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grotto_of_the_Gentio" title="Grotto of the Gentio">Gentio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gruta_de_Maquin%C3%A9" title="Gruta de Maquiné">Maquiné</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caverna_da_Pedra_Pintada" title="Caverna da Pedra Pintada">Pedra Pintada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavernas_do_Perua%C3%A7u_National_Park" title="Cavernas do Peruaçu National Park">Peruaçu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gruta_Rei_do_Mato" title="Gruta Rei do Mato">Rei do Mato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapa_do_Santo" title="Lapa do Santo">Santo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toca_da_Tira_Peia" title="Toca da Tira Peia">Toca da Tira Peia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Canada</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bluefish_Caves" title="Bluefish Caves">Bluefish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Lake_Cave" title="Charlie Lake Cave">Charlie Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Chile</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cueva_Fell" title="Cueva Fell">Fell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cueva_del_Milod%C3%B3n_Natural_Monument" title="Cueva del Milodón Natural Monument">Milodón</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Colombia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/El_Abra" title="El Abra">El Abra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serran%C3%ADa_de_Chiribiquete#Protected_area" title="Serranía de Chiribiquete">Chiribiquete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piedras_del_Tunjo_Archaeological_Park" title="Piedras del Tunjo Archaeological Park">Piedras del Tunjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1chica#Rock_art" title="Sáchica">Sáchica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tequendama" title="Tequendama">Tequendama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibit%C3%B3" title="Tibitó">Tibitó</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Cuba</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosio_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambrosio Cave">Ambrosio</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calero_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calero Cave (page does not exist)">Calero</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Centella_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centella Cave (page does not exist)">Centella</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cura_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cura Cave (page does not exist)">Cura</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patana_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patana Cave (page does not exist)">Patana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pluma_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pluma Cave (page does not exist)">Pluma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hato_Caves" title="Hato Caves">Hato</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Dominican Republic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pomier_Caves" title="Pomier Caves">Pomier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Jamaica</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_Mile_Cave" title="Long Mile Cave">Long Mile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Mexico</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chan_Hol" title="Chan Hol">Chan Hol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coxcatlan_Cave" title="Coxcatlan Cave">Coxcatlan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzibilchaltun" title="Dzibilchaltun">Dzibilchaltún</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cueva_de_las_Flechas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cueva de las Flechas (page does not exist)">Las Flechas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frightful_Cave" title="Frightful Cave">Frightful</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guil%C3%A1_Naquitz_Cave" title="Guilá Naquitz Cave">Guilá Naquitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistema_Ox_Bel_Ha" title="Sistema Ox Bel Ha">Ox Bel Ha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxtotitl%C3%A1n" title="Oxtotitlán">Oxtotitlán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistema_Sac_Actun" title="Sistema Sac Actun">Sac Actun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Peru</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chivateros" title="Chivateros">Chivateros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guitarrero_Cave" title="Guitarrero Cave">Guitarrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pikimachay" title="Pikimachay">Pikimachay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qillqatani" title="Qillqatani">Qillqatani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toquepala_Caves" title="Toquepala Caves">Toquepala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%27uqu_T%27uquyuq" title="T'uqu T'uquyuq">T'uqu T'uquyuq</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Suriname</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Werehpai" title="Werehpai">Werehpai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Research_Cave" title="Research Cave">Arnold Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baker_Cave" title="Baker Cave">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonfire_Shelter" title="Bonfire Shelter">Bonfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bull_Thistle_Cave_Archaeological_Site" title="Bull Thistle Cave Archaeological Site">Bull Thistle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnet_Cave" title="Burnet Cave">Burnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherry_Creek_Rockshelter" title="Cherry Creek Rockshelter">Cherry Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Millennial_site" title="Colorado Millennial site">Colorado Millennial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danger_Cave" title="Danger Cave">Danger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daugherty%27s_Cave_and_Breeding_Site" title="Daugherty's Cave and Breeding Site">Daugherty's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dry_Creek_Rockshelter" title="Dry Creek Rockshelter">Dry Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durango_Rock_Shelters_Archeology_Site" title="Durango Rock Shelters Archeology Site">Durango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dust_Cave" title="Dust Cave">Dust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutchess_Quarry_Cave_Site" title="Dutchess Quarry Cave Site">Dutchess Quarry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Rock_Cave" title="Fort Rock Cave">Fort Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franktown_Cave" title="Franktown Cave">Franktown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatecliff_Rockshelter" title="Gatecliff Rockshelter">Gatecliff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Cave" title="Graham Cave">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidden_Cave" title="Hidden Cave">Hidden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidden_Valley_Rock_Shelter" title="Hidden Valley Rock Shelter">Hidden Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hogup_Cave" title="Hogup Cave">Hogup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humboldt_Cave" title="Humboldt Cave">Humboldt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Grange_Rock_Shelter" title="La Grange Rock Shelter">La Grange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Supper_Cave" title="Last Supper Cave">Last Supper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Rock_Shelter" title="Levi Rock Shelter">Levi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LoDaisKa_site" title="LoDaisKa site">LoDaisKa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovelock_Cave" title="Lovelock Cave">Lovelock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mammoth_Cave_National_Park" title="Mammoth Cave National Park">Mammoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantle%27s_Cave" title="Mantle's Cave">Mantle's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmes_Rockshelter" title="Marmes Rockshelter">Marmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martz_Rock_Shelters" title="Martz Rock Shelters">Martz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meadowcroft_Rockshelter" title="Meadowcroft Rockshelter">Meadowcroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modoc_Rock_Shelter" title="Modoc Rock Shelter">Modoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mummy_Cave" title="Mummy Cave">Mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_Your_Knees_Cave" title="On Your Knees Cave">On Your Knees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisley_Caves" title="Paisley Caves">Paisley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendejo_Cave" title="Pendejo Cave">Pendejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pictograph_Cave_(Billings,_Montana)" title="Pictograph Cave (Billings, Montana)">Pictograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockhouse_Cliffs_Rockshelters" title="Rockhouse Cliffs Rockshelters">Rockhouse Cliffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Cave_National_Monument" title="Russell Cave National Monument">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandia_Cave" title="Sandia Cave">Sandia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoup_Rock_Shelters" title="Shoup Rock Shelters">Shoup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisyphus_Shelter" title="Sisyphus Shelter">Sisyphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanfield-Worley_Bluff_Shelter" title="Stanfield-Worley Bluff Shelter">Stanfield-Worley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tainter_Cave" title="Tainter Cave">Tainter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomaquag_Rock_Shelters" title="Tomaquag Rock Shelters">Tomaquag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trail_Creek_Caves" title="Trail Creek Caves">Trail Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinchera_Cave_Archeological_District" title="Trinchera Cave Archeological District">Trinchera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventana_Cave" title="Ventana Cave">Ventana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_Butte_Cave" title="Wilson Butte Cave">Wilson Butte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rock_art_of_Oceania" title="Category:Rock art of Oceania">Oceania</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Australia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abrakurrie_Cave" title="Abrakurrie Cave">Abrakurrie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acheron_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acheron Cave (page does not exist)">Acheron</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ballawinne_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ballawinne Cave (page does not exist)">Ballawinne</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beeton_Shelter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beeton Shelter (page does not exist)">Beeton Shelter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginner%27s_Luck_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beginner's Luck Cave (page does not exist)">Beginner's Luck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanche_Cave" title="Blanche Cave">Blanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bone_Cave_(Tasmania)" title="Bone Cave (Tasmania)">Bone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burrup_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Burrup Peninsula">Burrup</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cave_Bay_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cave Bay Cave (page does not exist)">Cave Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliefden_Caves" title="Cliefden Caves">Cliefden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloggs_Cave" title="Cloggs Cave">Cloggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Lair" title="Devil's Lair">Devil's Lair</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagles_Reach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eagles Reach (page does not exist)">Eagles Reach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fossil_Cave" title="Fossil Cave">Fossil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabarnmung" title="Gabarnmung">Gabarnmung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwion_Gwion_rock_paintings" title="Gwion Gwion rock paintings">Gwion Gwion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenolan_Caves#Indigenous_culture" title="Jenolan Caves">Jenolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koongine_Cave" title="Koongine Cave">Koongine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koonalda_Cave" title="Koonalda Cave">Koonalda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutikina_Cave" title="Kutikina Cave">Kutikina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Mackintosh" title="Lake Mackintosh">Mackintosh 90/1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madjedbebe" title="Madjedbebe">Madjedbebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mammoth_Cave_(Western_Australia)" title="Mammoth Cave (Western Australia)">Mammoth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mannalargenna_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mannalargenna Cave (page does not exist)">Mannalargenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudgegonga_rock_shelter" title="Mudgegonga rock shelter">Mudgegonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murrawijinie_Cave" title="Murrawijinie Cave">Murrawijinie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murujuga" title="Murujuga">Murujuga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naracoorte_Caves" class="mw-redirect" title="Naracoorte Caves">Naracoorte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Guinea_II_cave" title="New Guinea II cave">New Guinea II</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nunamira_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nunamira Cave (page does not exist)">Nunamira</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ORS_7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ORS 7 (page does not exist)">ORS 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarragal_Caves" title="Tarragal Caves">Tarragal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubirr" title="Ubirr">Ubirr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wargata_Mina_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wargata Mina Cave (page does not exist)">Wargata Mina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warratyi" title="Warratyi">Warratyi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Warreen_Cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Warreen Cave (page does not exist)">Warreen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_Caves" title="Wellington Caves">Wellington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gadao%27s_Cave" title="Gadao's Cave">Gadao's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahlac_Pictograph_Cave" title="Mahlac Pictograph Cave">Mahlac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talagi_Pictograph_Cave" title="Talagi Pictograph Cave">Talagi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Hawaii</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Makauwahi_Cave" title="Makauwahi Cave">Makauwahi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pindai_Caves" title="Pindai Caves">Pindai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">New Zealand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moncks_Cave" title="Moncks Cave">Moncks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruakuri_Cave" title="Ruakuri Cave">Ruakuri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chugai%27_Pictograph_Site" title="Chugai' Pictograph Site">Chugai'</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Papua New Guinea</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kilu_Cave" title="Kilu Cave">Kilu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Samoa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falemauga_Caves" title="Falemauga Caves">Falemauga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left">Tuvalu</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caves_of_Nanumanga" title="Caves of Nanumanga">Nanumanga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Cave</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_caves" title="List of caves">List of caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_painting" title="Cave painting">Cave painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speleology" title="Speleology">Speleology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prehistoric_technology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prehistoric_technology" title="Template:Prehistoric technology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prehistoric_technology" title="Template talk:Prehistoric technology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prehistoric_technology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prehistoric technology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prehistoric_technology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_technology" title="Prehistoric technology">Prehistoric technology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistory" title="Prehistory">Prehistory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_prehistory" title="Timeline of prehistory">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_prehistoric_technology" title="Outline of prehistoric technology">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Age" title="Stone Age">Stone Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-age_system#Stone_Age_subdivisions" title="Three-age system">Subdivisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">New Stone Age</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">Technology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_technology" title="History of technology">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_archaeology" title="Glossary of archaeology">Glossary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Tools" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lithic_technology" title="Lithic technology">Tools</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_agriculture" title="History of agriculture">Farming</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Revolution" title="Neolithic Revolution">Neolithic Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Founder_crops" title="Founder crops">Founder crops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_crops" title="New World crops">New World crops</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ard_(plough)" title="Ard (plough)">Ard / plough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celt_(tool)" title="Celt (tool)">Celt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digging_stick" title="Digging stick">Digging stick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestication" title="Domestication">Domestication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goad" title="Goad">Goad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irrigation" title="Irrigation">Irrigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_products_revolution" title="Secondary products revolution">Secondary products</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sickle" title="Sickle">Sickle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrace_(earthworks)" title="Terrace (earthworks)">Terracing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Food processing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Control_of_fire_by_early_humans" title="Control of fire by early humans">Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basket" title="Basket">Basket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooking" title="Cooking">Cooking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earth_oven" title="Earth oven">Earth oven</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granary" title="Granary">Granaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grinding_slab" title="Grinding slab">Grinding slab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_stone" title="Ground stone">Ground stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hearth" title="Hearth">Hearth</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C5%9F%C4%B1kl%C4%B1_H%C3%B6y%C3%BCk#Hearths" title="Aşıklı Höyük">Aşıklı Höyük</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qesem_cave#Fire" title="Qesem cave">Qesem cave</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mano_(stone)" title="Mano (stone)">Manos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metate" title="Metate">Metate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortar_and_pestle" title="Mortar and pestle">Mortar and pestle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pottery" title="Pottery">Pottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quern-stone" title="Quern-stone">Quern-stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_storage_pits" title="Prehistoric storage pits">Storage pits</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Hunting_hypothesis" title="Hunting hypothesis">Hunting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrow" title="Arrow">Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boomerang" title="Boomerang">Boomerang</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Throwing_stick" title="Throwing stick">throwing stick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow_and_arrow" title="Bow and arrow">Bow and arrow</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_archery" title="History of archery">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravettian#Hunting" title="Gravettian">Nets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spear" title="Spear">Spear</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spear-thrower" title="Spear-thrower">spear-thrower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baton_fragment_(Palart_310)" title="Baton fragment (Palart 310)">baton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpoon" title="Harpoon">harpoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sch%C3%B6ningen_spears" title="Schöningen spears">Schöningen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woomera_(spear-thrower)" title="Woomera (spear-thrower)">woomera</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Projectile_point" title="Projectile point">Projectile points</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrowhead" title="Arrowhead">Arrowhead</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transverse_arrowhead" title="Transverse arrowhead">Transverse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bare_Island_projectile_point" title="Bare Island projectile point">Bare Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cascade_point" title="Cascade point">Cascade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_point" title="Clovis point">Clovis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creswellian_culture" title="Creswellian culture">Cresswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_point" title="Cumberland point">Cumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eden_point" title="Eden point">Eden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folsom_point" title="Folsom point">Folsom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamoka_projectile_point" title="Lamoka projectile point">Lamoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manis_Mastodon_site" title="Manis Mastodon site">Manis Mastodon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plano_point" title="Plano point">Plano</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Game_drive_system" title="Game drive system">Game drive system</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_jump" title="Buffalo jump">Buffalo jump</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Lithic_technology" title="Lithic technology">Toolmaking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Industry_(archaeology)" title="Industry (archaeology)">Earliest toolmaking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldowan" title="Oldowan">Oldowan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acheulean" title="Acheulean">Acheulean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mousterian" title="Mousterian">Mousterian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurignacian" title="Aurignacian">Aurignacian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_culture" title="Clovis culture">Clovis culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupstone" title="Cupstone">Cupstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_hardening" title="Fire hardening">Fire hardening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravettian" title="Gravettian">Gravettian culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafting" title="Hafting">Hafting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_axe" title="Hand axe">Hand axe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grooves_(archaeology)" title="Grooves (archaeology)">Grooves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langdale_axe_industry" title="Langdale axe industry">Langdale axe industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levallois_technique" title="Levallois technique">Levallois technique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_core" title="Lithic core">Lithic core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_reduction" title="Lithic reduction">Lithic reduction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_analysis" title="Lithic analysis">analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debitage" title="Debitage">debitage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_flake" title="Lithic flake">flake</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_technology" title="Lithic technology">Lithic technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdalenian" title="Magdalenian">Magdalenian culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferrous_metallurgy" title="Ferrous metallurgy">Metallurgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microblade_technology" title="Microblade technology">Microblade technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grime%27s_Graves" title="Grime's Graves">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prepared-core_technique" title="Prepared-core technique">Prepared-core technique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solutrean" title="Solutrean">Solutrean industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Striking_platform" title="Striking platform">Striking platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tool_stone" title="Tool stone">Tool stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniface" title="Uniface">Uniface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yubetsu_technique" title="Yubetsu technique">Yubetsu technique</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Artifact_(archaeology)" title="Artifact (archaeology)">Other tools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adze" title="Adze">Adze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stitching_awl" title="Stitching awl">Awl</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gravettian#Use_of_animal_remains" title="Gravettian">bone</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axe" title="Axe">Axe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bannerstone" title="Bannerstone">Bannerstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blade_(archaeology)" title="Blade (archaeology)">Blade</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prismatic_blade" title="Prismatic blade">prismatic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bone_tool" title="Bone tool">Bone tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow_drill" title="Bow drill">Bow drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burin_(lithic_flake)" title="Burin (lithic flake)">Burin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe#History" title="Canoe">Canoe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oar" title="Oar">Oar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesse_canoe" title="Pesse canoe">Pesse canoe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopper_(archaeology)" title="Chopper (archaeology)">Chopper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chopping_tool" title="Chopping tool">tool</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleaver_(Stone_Age_tool)" title="Cleaver (Stone Age tool)">Cleaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denticulate_tool" title="Denticulate tool">Denticulate tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_plough" title="Fire plough">Fire plough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire-saw" title="Fire-saw">Fire-saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammerstone" title="Hammerstone">Hammerstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knife" title="Knife">Knife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microlith" title="Microlith">Microlith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quern-stone" title="Quern-stone">Quern-stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racloir" title="Racloir">Racloir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rope" title="Rope">Rope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scraper_(archaeology)" title="Scraper (archaeology)">Scraper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grattoir_de_c%C3%B4t%C3%A9" title="Grattoir de côté">side</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_tool" title="Stone tool">Stone tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tally_stick#Paleolithic_tally_sticks" title="Tally stick">Tally stick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_weapons#Copper_Age" title="History of weapons">Weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel" title="Wheel">Wheel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bronocice_pot" title="Bronocice pot">illustration</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Architecture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_architecture" title="History of architecture">Architecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Ceremonial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kiva" title="Kiva">Kiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramid" title="Pyramid">Pyramid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menhir" title="Menhir">Standing stones</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Megalith" title="Megalith">megalith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_row" title="Stone row">row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stonehenge" title="Stonehenge">Stonehenge</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Dwellings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_architecture" title="Neolithic architecture">Neolithic architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_long_house" title="Neolithic long house">long house</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_megalith_architecture" title="British megalith architecture">British megalith architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_megalith_architecture" title="Nordic megalith architecture">Nordic megalith architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burdei" title="Burdei">Burdei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave" title="Cave">Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_dwelling" title="Cliff dwelling">Cliff dwelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dugout_(shelter)" title="Dugout (shelter)">Dugout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hut" title="Hut">Hut</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quiggly_hole" title="Quiggly hole">Quiggly hole</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacal" title="Jacal">Jacal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longhouse" title="Longhouse">Longhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudbrick" title="Mudbrick">Mudbrick</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mehrgarh#Lifestyle_and_technology" title="Mehrgarh">Mehrgarh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pit-house" title="Pit-house">Pit-house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navajo_pueblitos" title="Navajo pueblitos">Pueblitos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo" title="Pueblo">Pueblo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_shelter" title="Rock shelter">Rock shelter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blombos_Cave" title="Blombos Cave">Blombos Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abri_de_la_Madeleine" title="Abri de la Madeleine">Abri de la Madeleine</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sibudu Cave</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roundhouse_(dwelling)" title="Roundhouse (dwelling)">Roundhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stilt_house" title="Stilt house">Stilt house</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_pile_dwellings_around_the_Alps" title="Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps">Alp pile dwellings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ness_of_Brodgar" title="Ness of Brodgar">Stone roof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wattle_and_daub" title="Wattle and daub">Wattle and daub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Water management</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Check_dam" title="Check dam">Check dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cistern" title="Cistern">Cistern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flush_toilet#History" title="Flush toilet">Flush toilet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reservoir" title="Reservoir">Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well" title="Well">Well</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Other architecture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feature_(archaeology)" title="Feature (archaeology)">Archaeological features</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broch" title="Broch">Broch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnt_mound" title="Burnt mound">Burnt mound</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fulacht_fiadh" title="Fulacht fiadh">fulacht fiadh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Causewayed_enclosure" title="Causewayed enclosure">Causewayed enclosure</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tor_enclosure" title="Tor enclosure">Tor enclosure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_circular_enclosures_in_Central_Europe" title="Neolithic circular enclosures in Central Europe">Circular enclosure</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goseck_Circle" title="Goseck Circle">Goseck</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cursus" title="Cursus">Cursus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henge" title="Henge">Henge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thornborough_Henges" title="Thornborough Henges">Thornborough</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalithic_architectural_elements" title="Megalithic architectural elements">Megalithic architectural elements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midden" title="Midden">Midden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oldest_extant_buildings" title="List of oldest extant buildings">Oldest extant buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timber_circle" title="Timber circle">Timber circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timber_trackway" class="mw-redirect" title="Timber trackway">Timber trackway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_Track" title="Sweet Track">Sweet Track</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Arts_and_culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_art" title="Prehistoric art">Arts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_culture" title="Archaeological culture">culture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Artifact_(archaeology)" title="Artifact (archaeology)">Material goods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basket_weaving" title="Basket weaving">Baskets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beadwork" title="Beadwork">Beadwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bed#History" title="Bed">Beds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalcolithic" title="Chalcolithic">Chalcolithic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles" title="History of clothing and textiles">Clothing/textiles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_clothing_and_textiles_technology" title="Timeline of clothing and textiles technology">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_cosmetics" title="History of cosmetics">Cosmetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Stone_Age" title="Middle Stone Age">Glue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_hide_materials" title="History of hide materials">Hides</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shoe#History" title="Shoe">shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96tzi#Clothes_and_shoes" title="Ötzi">Ötzi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewellery#History" title="Jewellery">Jewelry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amber#Use" title="Amber">amber use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirror#History" title="Mirror">Mirrors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pottery#History" title="Pottery">Pottery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardium_pottery" title="Cardium pottery">Cardium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cord-marked_pottery" title="Cord-marked pottery">Cord-marked</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grooved_ware" title="Grooved ware">Grooved ware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dmon_pottery" title="Jōmon pottery">Jōmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_Pottery_culture" title="Linear Pottery culture">Linear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unstan_ware" title="Unstan ware">Unstan ware</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewing_needle#History" title="Sewing needle">Sewing needle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weaving" title="Weaving">Weaving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_wine" title="History of wine">Wine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Areni-1_winery" title="Areni-1 winery">winery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_wine_press#Early_history" title="History of the wine press">wine press</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_art" title="Prehistoric art">Prehistoric art</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_of_the_Upper_Paleolithic" title="Art of the Upper Paleolithic">Art of the Upper Paleolithic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_of_the_Middle_Paleolithic" title="Art of the Middle Paleolithic">Art of the Middle Paleolithic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blombos_Cave#Archaeological_remains_and_material_culture_from_the_Middle_Stone_Age_levels" title="Blombos Cave">Blombos Cave</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Stone_Age_art" title="List of Stone Age art">List of Stone Age art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird_stone" title="Bird stone">Bird stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cairn" title="Cairn">Cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carved_stone_balls" title="Carved stone balls">Carved stone balls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_painting" title="Cave painting">Cave paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cup_and_ring_mark" title="Cup and ring mark">Cup and ring mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoglyph" title="Geoglyph">Geoglyph</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hill_figure" title="Hill figure">Hill figure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_hat" title="Golden hat">Golden hats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardian_stones" title="Guardian stones">Guardian stones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwion_Gwion_rock_paintings" title="Gwion Gwion rock paintings">Gwion Gwion rock paintings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_painting#Pre-history" title="History of painting">painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pigment#History" title="Pigment">pigment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalithic_art" title="Megalithic art">Megalithic art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroform" title="Petroform">Petroform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroglyph" title="Petroglyph">Petroglyph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrosomatoglyph" title="Petrosomatoglyph">Petrosomatoglyph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pictogram" title="Pictogram">Pictogram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_art" title="Rock art">Rock art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_cupule" title="Rock cupule">Rock cupule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_carving" title="Stone carving">Stone carving</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sculpture#Prehistoric_periods" title="Sculpture">Sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_menhir" title="Statue menhir">Statue menhir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_circle" title="Stone circle">Stone circle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stone_circles" title="List of stone circles">list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_circles_in_the_British_Isles_and_Brittany" title="Stone circles in the British Isles and Brittany">British Isles and Brittany</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_figurine" title="Venus figurine">Venus figurine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_religion" title="Paleolithic religion">Burial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tumulus" title="Tumulus">Burial mounds</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bowl_barrow" title="Bowl barrow">Bowl barrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round_barrow" title="Round barrow">Round barrow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mound_Builders" title="Mound Builders">Mound Builders culture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_burial_mounds_in_the_United_States" title="List of burial mounds in the United States">U.S. sites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_tomb" title="Chamber tomb">Chamber tomb</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cotswold-Severn_Group" title="Cotswold-Severn Group">Cotswold-Severn</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cist" title="Cist">Cist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dartmoor_kistvaens" title="Dartmoor kistvaens">Dartmoor kistvaens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clava_cairn" title="Clava cairn">Clava cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_cairn" title="Court cairn">Court cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cremation#History" title="Cremation">Cremation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolmen" title="Dolmen">Dolmen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_dolmen" title="Great dolmen">Great dolmen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyre" title="Pyre">Funeral pyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallery_grave" title="Gallery grave">Gallery grave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transepted_gallery_grave" class="mw-redirect" title="Transepted gallery grave">transepted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedge-shaped_gallery_grave" class="mw-redirect" title="Wedge-shaped gallery grave">wedge-shaped</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grave_goods" title="Grave goods">Grave goods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jar_burial" title="Jar burial">Jar burial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_barrow" title="Long barrow">Long barrow</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unchambered_long_barrow" title="Unchambered long barrow">unchambered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%B8nsalen" title="Grønsalen">Grønsalen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalithic_tomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Megalithic tomb">Megalithic tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mummy" title="Mummy">Mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_grave" title="Passage grave">Passage grave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rectangular_dolmen" title="Rectangular dolmen">Rectangular dolmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_cairn" title="Ring cairn">Ring cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_dolmen" title="Simple dolmen">Simple dolmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_box_grave" title="Stone box grave">Stone box grave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tor_cairn" title="Tor cairn">Tor cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unchambered_long_cairn" title="Unchambered long cairn">Unchambered long cairn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Other cultural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeoastronomy" title="Archaeoastronomy">Archaeoastronomy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archaeoastronomical_sites_by_country" title="List of archaeoastronomical sites by country">sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_calendar" title="Lunar calendar">lunar calendar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behavioral_modernity" title="Behavioral modernity">Behavioral modernity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_musicology" title="Evolutionary musicology">Evolutionary musicology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_archaeology" title="Music archaeology">music archaeology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_origin_of_religion" title="Evolutionary origin of religion">Evolutionary origin of religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_religion" title="Paleolithic religion">Paleolithic religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_religion" title="Prehistoric religion">Prehistoric religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entheogenic_drugs_and_the_archaeological_record" title="Entheogenic drugs and the archaeological record">Spiritual drug use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origin_of_language" title="Origin of language">Origin of language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_counting" title="Prehistoric counting">Prehistoric counting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_medicine" title="Prehistoric medicine">Prehistoric medicine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trepanning" title="Trepanning">trepanning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_music" title="Prehistoric music">Prehistoric music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alligator_drum" title="Alligator drum">Alligator drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_flute" title="Paleolithic flute">flutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divje_Babe_flute" title="Divje Babe flute">Divje Babe flute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudi_(instrument)" title="Gudi (instrument)">gudi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_warfare" title="Prehistoric warfare">Prehistoric warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diepkloof_Rock_Shelter" title="Diepkloof Rock Shelter">Symbols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Howiesons_Poort#Symbolism" title="Howiesons Poort">symbolism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Emergence_of_Modern_Human_Behaviour:_The_Pleistocene_Occupation_Sites_of_South_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a 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navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diepkloof_Rock_Shelter" title="Diepkloof Rock Shelter">Diepkloof Rock Shelter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinnacle_Point" title="Pinnacle Point">Pinnacle Point</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sibudu Cave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blombos" class="mw-redirect" title="Blombos">Blombos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_Cave" title="Border Cave">Border Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klasies_River_Caves" title="Klasies River Caves">Klasies River Caves</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: 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