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align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad1.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/esther/9-32.htm" title="Esther 9:32">◄</a> Esther 10:1 <a href="/esther/10-2.htm" title="Esther 10:2">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/esther/10.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/esther/10.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />King Xerxes imposed tribute throughout the empire, to its distant shores.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/esther/10.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />King Xerxes imposed a tribute throughout his empire, even to the distant coastlands.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/esther/10.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />King Ahasuerus imposed tax on the land and on the coastlands of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/esther/10.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />Now King Xerxes imposed tribute throughout the land, even to its farthest shores.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/esther/10.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And the king Ahasuerus laid a tribute upon the land, and <i>upon</i> the isles of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/esther/10.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />And King Ahasuerus imposed tribute on the land and <i>on</i> the islands of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/esther/10.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />Now King Ahasuerus imposed a tax on the land and the coastlands of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/esther/10.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />Now King Ahasuerus laid a tribute on the land and on the coastlands of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/esther/10.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />Now King Ahasuerus laid a tribute on the land and on the coastlands of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/esther/10.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />Then King Ahasuerus set forced labor upon the land and the coastlands of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/esther/10.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />King Ahasuerus (Xerxes) imposed a tax on the land and on the coastlands of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/esther/10.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />King Ahasuerus imposed a tax throughout the land even to the farthest shores.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/esther/10.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />King Ahasuerus imposed a tax throughout the land even to the farthest shores.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/esther/10.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And the king Ahasuerus laid a tribute upon the land, and upon the isles of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/esther/10.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />King Xerxes made everyone in his kingdom pay taxes, even those in lands across the sea. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/esther/10.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And the king Ahasuerus laid a tribute upon the land, and upon the isles of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/esther/10.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />King Xerxes levied a tax on the country and the islands of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/esther/10.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />King Xerxes imposed forced labor on the people of the coastal regions of his empire as well as on those of the interior. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/esther/10.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />King Ahasuerus imposed tribute on the land and on the islands of the sea. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/esther/10.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />Now King Xerxes imposed tribute throughout the land, even to its farthest shores.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/esther/10.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />King Ahasuerus then imposed forced labor on the land and on the coastlands of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/esther/10.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />King Achshayarsh laid a tribute on the land, and on the islands of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/esther/10.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And the king Ahasuerus laid a tribute upon the land, and upon the isles of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/esther/10.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />King Ahasuerus laid a tribute on the land and on the islands of the sea. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/esther/10.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />And King Ahasuerus sets a tribute on the land and the islands of the sea;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/esther/10.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> And the king Ahasuerus setteth a tribute on the land and the isles of the sea;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/esther/10.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And the king Ahasuerus will set up a tribute upon the land, and the isles of the sea.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/esther/10.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />And king Assuerus made all the land, and all the islands of the sea tributary. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/esther/10.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br /><V 15:1>Truly, king Artaxerxes made all the land, and all the islands of the sea, tributaries.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/esther/10.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />King Ahasuerus levied a tax on the land and on the islands of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/esther/10.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />King Ahasuerus laid tribute on the land and on the islands of the sea.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/esther/10.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />AND King Akhshirash laid a tribute upon the whole land and upon the Islands of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/esther/10.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And King Akhashiresh laid a tax upon all the land and upon the islands of the sea.<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/esther/10.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And the king Ahasuerus laid a tribute upon the land, and upon the isles of the sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/esther/10.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And the king levied <i>a tax</i> upon <i>his</i> kingdom both by land and sea.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/esther/10-1.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/TRosJDhNG-8?start=2086" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/esther/10.htm">Tribute to Xerxes and Mordecai</a></span><br> <span class="reftext">1</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: ham·me·leḵ (Art:: N-ms) -- King. From malak; a king.">Now King</a> <a href="/hebrew/325.htm" title="325: ʾă·ḥå̄·šē·rōš (N-proper-ms) -- King of Persia. Or pachashrosh; of Persian origin; Achashverosh, the title of a Persian king.">Xerxes</a> <a href="/hebrew/7760.htm" title="7760: way·yā·śem (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To put, place, set. Or siym; a primitive root; to put.">imposed</a> <a href="/hebrew/4522.htm" title="4522: mas (N-ms) -- Or mic; from macac; properly, a burden, i.e. A tax in the form of forced labor.">tribute</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: ‘al- (Prep) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">throughout</a> <a href="/hebrew/776.htm" title="776: hā·’ā·reṣ (Art:: N-fs) -- Earth, land. From an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth.">the land,</a> <a href="/hebrew/339.htm" title="339: wə·’î·yê (Conj-w:: N-mpc) -- Coast, region. From 'avah; properly, a habitable spot; dry land, a coast, an island.">even to its farthest shores.</a> <a href="/hebrew/3220.htm" title="3220: hay·yām (Art:: N-ms) -- A sea or large body of water; specifically, the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river."></a> </span><span class="reftext">2</span>And all of Mordecai’s powerful and magnificent accomplishments, together with the full account of the greatness to which the king had raised him, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Media and Persia?…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/4-21.htm">1 Kings 4:21</a></span><br />And Solomon reigned over all the kingdoms from the Euphrates to the land of the Philistines, as far as the border of Egypt. These kingdoms offered tribute and served Solomon all the days of his life.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/9-26.htm">2 Chronicles 9:26</a></span><br />He reigned over all the kings from the Euphrates to the land of the Philistines, as far as the border of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ezra/4-20.htm">Ezra 4:20</a></span><br />And mighty kings have ruled over Jerusalem and exercised authority over the whole region west of the Euphrates; and tribute, duty, and toll were paid to them.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/nehemiah/9-37.htm">Nehemiah 9:37</a></span><br />Its abundant harvest goes to the kings You have set over us because of our sins. And they rule over our bodies and our livestock as they please. We are in great distress.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/daniel/6-25.htm">Daniel 6:25-26</a></span><br />Then King Darius wrote to the people of every nation and language throughout the land: “May your prosperity abound. / I hereby decree that in every part of my kingdom, men are to tremble in fear before the God of Daniel: For He is the living God, and He endures forever; His kingdom will never be destroyed, and His dominion will never end.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/10-24.htm">1 Kings 10:24-25</a></span><br />The whole world sought an audience with Solomon to hear the wisdom that God had put in his heart. / Year after year, each visitor would bring his tribute: articles of silver and gold, clothing, weapons, spices, horses, and mules.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/15-19.htm">2 Kings 15:19-20</a></span><br />Then Pul king of Assyria invaded the land, and Menahem gave Pul a thousand talents of silver in order to gain his support and strengthen his own grip on the kingdom. / Menahem exacted this money from each of the wealthy men of Israel—fifty shekels of silver from each man—to give to the king of Assyria. So the king of Assyria withdrew and did not remain in the land.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/23-33.htm">2 Kings 23:33-35</a></span><br />And Pharaoh Neco imprisoned Jehoahaz at Riblah in the land of Hamath so that he could not reign in Jerusalem, and he imposed on Judah a levy of a hundred talents of silver and a talent of gold. / Then Pharaoh Neco made Eliakim son of Josiah king in place of his father Josiah, and he changed Eliakim’s name to Jehoiakim. But Neco took Jehoahaz and carried him off to Egypt, where he died. / So Jehoiakim paid the silver and gold to Pharaoh Neco, but to meet Pharaoh’s demand he taxed the land and exacted the silver and the gold from the people, each according to his wealth.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/36-1.htm">Isaiah 36:1</a></span><br />In the fourteenth year of Hezekiah’s reign, Sennacherib king of Assyria attacked and captured all the fortified cities of Judah.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/25-9.htm">Jeremiah 25:9-11</a></span><br />behold, I will summon all the families of the north, declares the LORD, and I will send for My servant Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, whom I will bring against this land, against its residents, and against all the surrounding nations. So I will devote them to destruction and make them an object of horror and contempt, an everlasting desolation. / Moreover, I will banish from them the sounds of joy and gladness, the voices of the bride and bridegroom, the sound of the millstones, and the light of the lamp. / And this whole land will become a desolate wasteland, and these nations will serve the king of Babylon for seventy years.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/22-17.htm">Matthew 22:17-21</a></span><br />So tell us what You think: Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar or not?” / But Jesus knew their evil intent and said, “You hypocrites, why are you testing Me? / Show Me the coin used for the tax.” And they brought Him a denarius. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/2-1.htm">Luke 2:1-3</a></span><br />Now in those days a decree went out from Caesar Augustus that a census should be taken of the whole empire. / This was the first census to take place while Quirinius was governor of Syria. / And everyone went to his own town to register.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/13-1.htm">Romans 13:1-7</a></span><br />Everyone must submit himself to the governing authorities, for there is no authority except that which is from God. The authorities that exist have been appointed by God. / Consequently, whoever resists authority is opposing what God has set in place, and those who do so will bring judgment on themselves. / For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Do you want to be unafraid of the one in authority? Then do what is right, and you will have his approval. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_peter/2-13.htm">1 Peter 2:13-14</a></span><br />Submit yourselves for the Lord’s sake to every human institution, whether to the king as the supreme authority, / or to governors as those sent by him to punish those who do wrong and to praise those who do right.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/17-12.htm">Revelation 17:12-13</a></span><br />The ten horns you saw are ten kings who have not yet received a kingdom, but will receive one hour of authority as kings along with the beast. / These kings have one purpose: to yield their power and authority to the beast.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And the king Ahasuerus laid a tribute on the land, and on the isles of the sea.</p><p class="hdg">laid a tribute.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/esther/1-1.htm">Esther 1:1</a></b></br> Now it came to pass in the days of Ahasuerus, (this <i>is</i> Ahasuerus which reigned, from India even unto Ethiopia, <i>over</i> an hundred and seven and twenty provinces:)</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/esther/8-9.htm">Esther 8:9</a></b></br> Then were the king's scribes called at that time in the third month, that <i>is</i>, the month Sivan, on the three and twentieth <i>day</i> thereof; and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded unto the Jews, and to the lieutenants, and the deputies and rulers of the provinces which <i>are</i> from India unto Ethiopia, an hundred twenty and seven provinces, unto every province according to the writing thereof, and unto every people after their language, and to the Jews according to their writing, and according to their language.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/luke/2-1.htm">Luke 2:1</a></b></br> And it came to pass in those days, that there went out a decree from Caesar Augustus, that all the world should be taxed.</p><p class="hdg">the isles.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/genesis/10-5.htm">Genesis 10:5</a></b></br> By these were the isles of the Gentiles divided in their lands; every one after his tongue, after their families, in their nations.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/psalms/72-10.htm">Psalm 72:10</a></b></br> The kings of Tarshish and of the isles shall bring presents: the kings of Sheba and Seba shall offer gifts.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/isaiah/24-15.htm">Isaiah 24:15</a></b></br> Wherefore glorify ye the LORD in the fires, <i>even</i> the name of the LORD God of Israel in the isles of the sea.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/esther/9-30.htm">Ahasuerus</a> <a href="/esther/9-30.htm">Ahasu-E'rus</a> <a href="/genesis/10-5.htm">Coastlands</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/6-32.htm">Distant</a> <a href="/esther/1-20.htm">Empire</a> <a href="/esther/9-31.htm">Imposed</a> <a href="/genesis/10-5.htm">Islands</a> <a href="/genesis/10-5.htm">Isles</a> <a href="/esther/8-7.htm">Laid</a> <a href="/nehemiah/9-11.htm">Sea</a> <a href="/numbers/24-24.htm">Shores</a> <a href="/nehemiah/5-4.htm">Tax</a> <a href="/esther/9-28.htm">Throughout</a> <a href="/nehemiah/5-4.htm">Tribute</a> <a href="/esther/9-30.htm">Xerxes</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/esther/10-3.htm">Ahasuerus</a> <a href="/esther/10-3.htm">Ahasu-E'rus</a> <a href="/psalms/97-1.htm">Coastlands</a> <a href="/job/22-12.htm">Distant</a> <a href="/luke/2-1.htm">Empire</a> <a href="/proverbs/8-29.htm">Imposed</a> <a href="/psalms/72-10.htm">Islands</a> <a href="/psalms/72-10.htm">Isles</a> <a href="/job/6-2.htm">Laid</a> <a href="/job/6-3.htm">Sea</a> <a href="/psalms/72-10.htm">Shores</a> <a href="/psalms/89-22.htm">Tax</a> <a href="/job/1-10.htm">Throughout</a> <a href="/psalms/68-30.htm">Tribute</a> <a href="/esther/10-3.htm">Xerxes</a><div class="vheading2">Esther 10</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/esther/10-1.htm">Xerxes' greatness.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">3. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/esther/10-3.htm">Mordecai's advancement.</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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He is historically recognized as Xerxes I, the son of Darius the Great. His reign is noted for its vast empire, stretching from India to Ethiopia, and for his ambitious but ultimately unsuccessful campaign against Greece. In the biblical narrative, Xerxes is the king who chose Esther as his queen, setting the stage for the events in the Book of Esther. His character is often seen as a type of worldly power and authority, contrasting with the divine providence that guides the story.<p><b>imposed tribute</b><br>Tribute was a common practice in ancient empires, serving as a means of asserting control and generating revenue. It involved the collection of taxes or goods from conquered territories. This practice is seen throughout the Old Testament, such as in <a href="/2_kings/23-33.htm">2 Kings 23:33-35</a>, where Pharaoh Neco imposed tribute on Judah. The imposition of tribute by Xerxes reflects the administrative and economic strategies of the Persian Empire, which relied on a complex system of satrapies and local governance to maintain its vast territories.<p><b>throughout the land</b><br>The phrase "throughout the land" indicates the extensive reach of Xerxes' rule. The Persian Empire was one of the largest empires in ancient history, encompassing diverse cultures and peoples. This vastness is echoed in <a href="/esther/1.htm">Esther 1:1</a>, which describes the empire as stretching from India to Cush. The administration of such a large territory required efficient systems of communication and governance, which were facilitated by the Royal Road and other infrastructure.<p><b>even to its farthest shores</b><br>The "farthest shores" likely refer to the extremities of the Persian Empire, which included regions along the Mediterranean Sea and possibly the Indian Ocean. This phrase emphasizes the comprehensive nature of Xerxes' authority and the extent of his dominion. It also highlights the geopolitical significance of the empire, which served as a bridge between East and West. The mention of distant shores can be seen as a reminder of the global scope of God's providence, as the events in Esther ultimately lead to the preservation of the Jewish people, ensuring the continuation of the messianic line.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/k/king_xerxes.htm">King Xerxes (Ahasuerus)</a></b><br>The Persian king who reigned during the events of the Book of Esther. Known for his vast empire and significant influence, he plays a central role in the account.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/t/tribute.htm">Tribute</a></b><br>A form of tax or levy imposed by a ruler on the people or territories under his control. In this context, it signifies the extent of Xerxes' dominion and authority.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_land_and_its_farthest_shores.htm">The Land and Its Farthest Shores</a></b><br>This phrase indicates the vastness of Xerxes' empire, stretching from India to Ethiopia, as described earlier in the book. It underscores the reach and power of his rule.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/u/understanding_authority.htm">Understanding Authority</a></b><br>Recognize the role of government and authority as instituted by God. Tribute and taxes are part of the structure that maintains order and governance.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/s/stewardship_and_responsibility.htm">Stewardship and Responsibility</a></b><br>As Christians, we are called to be responsible citizens, which includes fulfilling our obligations such as paying taxes. This reflects our integrity and witness to the world.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty.htm">God's Sovereignty</a></b><br>Even in secular governance, God's sovereignty is at work. The imposition of tribute by King Xerxes serves as a reminder that God can use any ruler or system to accomplish His purposes.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/h/historical_context.htm">Historical Context</a></b><br>Understanding the historical and cultural context of biblical events enriches our comprehension of Scripture. The vastness of Xerxes' empire and his imposition of tribute reflect the political and economic realities of the time.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_esther_10.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Esther 10</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_does_esther_10_align_with_other_ot_texts.htm">Esther 10 (entire) – How can the brief mention of King Ahasuerus’s acts reconcile with other Old Testament texts depicting Persian rule differently?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/is_there_evidence_of_ahasuerus's_tribute.htm">Esther 10:1 – Is there any historical or archaeological record confirming King Ahasuerus’s tribute on lands and coastlands? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_is_esther_10_less_detailed_on_history.htm">Esther 10 (entire) – Why does this chapter provide so few historical details compared to other biblical accounts of Persian rulers? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/is_rapid_communication_in_esther_8_10_plausible.htm">How plausible is the rapid communication in Esther 8:10, given ancient travel and logistics constraints across such a vast empire?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/esther/10.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>X.</span><p>(1) <span class= "bld">Laid a tribute.</span>--The disastrous expedition to Greece must have taxed the resources of the empire to the utmost, and fresh tribute would therefore be requisite to fill the exhausted coffers. Besides this, a harassing war was still going on, even ten years after the battle of Salamis, on the coast of Asia Minor, and this would require fresh supplies.<p><span class= "bld">The isles of the sea.</span>--The chief island yet remaining to the Persian Empire was Cyprus. Those in the 'gean Sea were now free from Persian rule, but possibly, even after the loss, the old phrase may have been retained; just as in modern times we have Kings of "England, <span class= "ital">France,</span> and Ireland," and of "the two Sicilies, and <span class= "ital">Jerusalem"</span> &c.<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/esther/10.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 1.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">King Ahasuerus laid a tribute on the land</span>. Darius, the son of Hystaspes, was the first to do this (Herod., 3:89); but, as the tribute had to be rearranged from time to time (<span class="accented">ibid.</span>, 6:42), any subsequent Persian monarch who made a fresh arrangement might be said to "lay a tribute on the land." Xerxes is not unlikely to have done so after his return from Greece, as he had lost portions of his territories. <span class="cmt_word">And on the islands of the sea</span>. The Hebrew expression translated by "islands of the sea" includes maritime tracts. Xerxes by the Greek expedition lost the islands of the AEgean, but still held certain tracts upon the coast of Europe, which were occupied for a considerable time by Persian garrisons (Herod., 7:106, 107). These would necessarily be included in any assessment that he may have made, and it is even not unlikely that Xerxes would lay his assessment on the AEgean islands, though he might not be able to collect it. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/esther/10-1.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">King</span><br /><span class="heb">הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ</span> <span class="translit">(ham·me·leḵ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> </span><span class="str2">A king</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Xerxes</span><br /><span class="heb">אֲחַשְׁוֵר֧וֹשׁ ׀</span> <span class="translit">(’ă·ḥaš·wê·rō·wōš)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_325.htm">Strong's 325: </a> </span><span class="str2">Ahasuerus -- king of Persia</span><br /><br /><span class="word">imposed</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיָּשֶׂם֩</span> <span class="translit">(way·yā·śem)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7760.htm">Strong's 7760: </a> </span><span class="str2">Put -- to put, place, set</span><br /><br /><span class="word">tribute</span><br /><span class="heb">מַ֛ס</span> <span class="translit">(mas)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4522.htm">Strong's 4522: </a> </span><span class="str2">Body of forced laborers, forced service, taskworkers, taskwork, serfdom</span><br /><br /><span class="word">throughout</span><br /><span class="heb">עַל־</span> <span class="translit">(‘al-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> </span><span class="str2">Above, over, upon, against</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the land,</span><br /><span class="heb">הָאָ֖רֶץ</span> <span class="translit">(hā·’ā·reṣ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_776.htm">Strong's 776: </a> </span><span class="str2">Earth, land</span><br /><br /><span class="word">even to its farthest shores.</span><br /><span class="heb">וְאִיֵּ֥י</span> <span class="translit">(wə·’î·yê)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_339.htm">Strong's 339: </a> </span><span class="str2">A habitable spot, dry land, a coast, an island</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/esther/10-1.htm">Esther 10:1 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/esther/10-1.htm">Esther 10:1 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/esther/10-1.htm">Esther 10:1 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/esther/10-1.htm">Esther 10:1 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/esther/10-1.htm">Esther 10:1 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/esther/10-1.htm">Esther 10:1 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/esther/10-1.htm">Esther 10:1 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/esther/10-1.htm">Esther 10:1 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/esther/10-1.htm">Esther 10:1 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/esther/10-1.htm">Esther 10:1 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/esther/10-1.htm">OT History: Esther 10:1 King Ahasuerus laid a tribute (Est Esth. Es) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/esther/9-32.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Esther 9:32"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Esther 9:32" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/esther/10-2.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Esther 10:2"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Esther 10:2" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>