Congolese Wood in the Antwerp Interwar Interior

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Congolese Wood in the Antwerp Interwar Interior</title> <meta name="description" content="Congolese Wood in the Antwerp Interwar Interior"> <meta name="keywords" content="Antwerp, Congo, furniture, interwar."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="citation_title" content="Congolese Wood in the Antwerp Interwar Interior"> <meta name="citation_author" content="M. Jaenen"> <meta name="citation_author" content="M. de Bouw"> <meta name="citation_author" content="A. Verdonck"> <meta name="citation_author" content="M. Leus"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2016/09/02"> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="International Journal of Architectural and Environmental Engineering"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="10"> <meta name="citation_issue" content="9"> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="1216"> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="1222"> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://publications.waset.org/10005635/pdf"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value=""> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 33093</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mt-3 mb-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem">Congolese Wood in the Antwerp Interwar Interior</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Jaenen">M. Jaenen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20de%20Bouw"> M. de Bouw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Verdonck"> A. Verdonck</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Leus"> M. Leus</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During the interwar period artificial materials were often preferred, but many Antwerp architects relied on the application of wood for most of the interior finishing works and furnishings. Archival, literature and on site research of interwar suburban townhouses and the Belgian wood and furniture industry gave a new insight to the application of wood in the interwar interior. Many interwar designers favored the decorative values in all treatments of wood because of its warmth, comfort, good-wearing, and therefore, economic qualities. For the creation of a successful modern interior the texture and surface of the wood becomes as important as the color itself. This aesthetics valuation was the result of the modernization of the wood industry. The development of veneer and plywood gave the possibility to create strong, flat, long and plain wooden surfaces which are capable of retaining their shape. Also the modernization of cutting machines resulted in high quality and diversity in texture of veneer. The flat and plain plywood surfaces were modern decorated with all kinds of veneer-sliced options. In addition, wood species from the former Belgian Colony Congo were imported. Limba (<em>Terminalia superba</em>), kambala (<em>Chlorophora excelsa</em>), mubala (<em>Pentaclethra macrophylla</em>) and sapelli (<em>Entandrophragma cylindricum</em>) were used in the interior of many Antwerp interwar suburban town houses. From the thirties onwards Belgian wood firms established modern manufactures in Congo. There the local wood was dried, cut and prepared for exportation to the harbor of Antwerp. The presence of all kinds of strong and decorative Congolese wood products supported its application in the interwar interior design. The Antwerp architects combined them in their designs for doors, floors, stairs, built-in-furniture, wall paneling and movable furniture. <iframe src="https://publications.waset.org/10005635.pdf" style="width:100%; height:400px;" frameborder="0"></iframe> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Congo" title=" Congo"> Congo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=furniture" title=" furniture"> furniture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=interwar." title=" interwar."> interwar.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Digital Object Identifier (DOI):</strong> <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1339520" target="_blank">doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1339520</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005635/congolese-wood-in-the-antwerp-interwar-interior" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005635/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005635/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005635/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005635/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005635/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005635/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005635/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005635/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005635/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005635/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005635.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1433</span> </span> <p class="card-text"><strong>References:</strong></p> <br>[1] Architecture Archive Province Antwerp (AAPA), Archive Léon Stynen, LS 3.1.81- 3.1.162. <br>[2] Architecture Archive Province Antwerp, Archive Walter van den Broeck. House Bervoets, House Olieslagers, House Van Rossem, House Van Haver, House Collet. <br>[3] Architecture Archive Province Antwerp, Archive Eduard Van Steenbergen, EVS 3004-3701 <br>[4] Archive City Ghent (ACG), Archive Vanden Bergh-Pauvers, SAG-VDBP-056 <br>[5] Archive City Antwerp (ACA), Modern Archive- Archive Havenbedrijf, MA-HB 1838; MA-HB 8121; MA-HB 14734; MA-HB 1838; MA-HB 18734 <br>[6] Archive City Antwerp (ACA), Photograph collection Julien ‘t Felt, (Nachman Kaplansky) <br>[7] H.P. Shapland, The decoration of furniture, Journal of the Royal Society of arts, 74:3846, 1926, pp.879-884. <br>[8] H.M. Tummers, The new monumentality, images and image of modernity, The image of modernity, Docomomo, journal 14-1995, pp.39-41. <br>[9] W.C. Potter, Veneers and their production, Journal of the Royal Society of Arts, 83:4304, 1935, pp. 597-615 <br>[10] TH.C. Jester, Beyond the balloon frame, engineered wood comes of age in the USA, Wood and Modern Movement, Docomomo, dossier 4-2000, pp.15-21. <br>[11] AWI, AWMAC, WI, Architectural Woodwork Standards, 2009, pp. 467-472. <br>[12] Archive City Antwerp, Modern archive, Building requests, MA 236-1984; MA 1184-1232; MA 1184-570; MA 1184-788; MA 18-8459; MA 1184-725; MA 236-1635; MA 1184-1325; MA 1399-7162; MA 3315-598; MA 3315-964-965; MA 1184-1295; MA 236-93; MA 1184-1013; MA 236-1265; MA 236-1289; MA1184-739; MA 1184-1266; MA 1184-1355; MA 1184-1185; MA 236-1865 & MA 238-1812. <br>[13] L. Lebacq, Bois Congolais, Contribution à l’étude économique des ressources forestières du Congo Belge, Le Hainaut Economique, revue trimestrielle de l’institut de recherches économiques de la province de Hainaut, 8 :3-4, Mons, 1954. <br>[14] F. Jassonge, L’exploitation forestière au Congo Belge, Bruxelles 1945. <br>[15] W. Walter, ‘Les bois du Congo dans la construction et la décoration’, Bâtir, 77, 1939, pp. 184-185. <br>[16] Anon, ‘Portes classiques et modernes’, Bâtir, 51, 1937, pp.1072-1074. <br>[17] A. Evrard, ‘Un parquet lavable’, Bâtir, 1, 1933. <br>[18] Anon, ‘Un parquet somptueux et lavable’, Bâtir, 20, 1934, pp.785. <br>[19] Bucher Ch. Jr., Dating twentieth-century buildings by means of construction materials, APT Bulletin, 43:2-3, 2012, pp.71-76. <br>[20] Cour R.M., Difford W.E., The plywood age. A History of the fir plywood industry’s first fifty years, Portland 1955. <br>[21] L. E. Eeckhout, L’exploitation forestière au Congo Belge, Brussel 1953. <br>[22] M. Jaenen, ‘Léon Stynen: interieurontwerpen tijdens de jaren 30 in Antwerpen’, M&L, 34/2, 2015. <br>[23] CH. A. Richter, ‘The use of wood for interior decoration’, Journal of the Royal Society of Arts, 80:4172, 1932, pp. 1115-1123. <br>[24] Union Professionnel des Producteurs de Bois du Congo Belge (UPPBC), Documentation General sur le bois exportés du Congo Belge, Bruxelles 1936. <br>[25] Archive City Antwerp, Modern Archive, MA 480-5534; MA 480-5408; MA 1044-11. <br>[26] https://inventaris.onroerenderfgoed.be/dibe/relict/7344, March 2016 </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>

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Congolese Wood in the Antwerp Interwar Interior