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href="/academy/glossary" class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 byJUJo Breadcrumb__Crumb-sc-17hkw6p-0 dfAoFs">Glossary</a><div class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 byJUJo Breadcrumb__Crumb-sc-17hkw6p-0 dfAoFs">Multiple Data Availability (MultiDA)</div></div><h1 class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Heading-juwhnu-0 cnOLEs bjHQTa">Multiple Data Availability (MultiDA)</h1><div class="sc-gsTCUz dXgtKz"><div class="sc-bdfBwQ Label__StyledLabel-sc-1t4rrpc-0 ddEydi dpewDd"><div class="sc-bdfBwQ DifficultyTag__Dot-yboxuz-0 blnIOn huqzPs"></div>Moderate</div><div class="sc-bdfBwQ Grid-sc-3uwl3g-0 jvVtgT hfyApF"><div class="sc-bdfBwQ Grid__GridItem-sc-3uwl3g-2"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://coinmarketcap.com/academy/glossary/multiple-data-availability-multida&text=Multiple%20Data%20Availability%20(MultiDA)" aria-label="Share this article on twitter" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="sc-gsTCUz SocialLink__IconWrapper-sc-1toayxk-0 SocialLink-sc-1toayxk-1 kSSfgv ldGcwa"><svg 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10.06a9.383 9.383 0 0 1-7.907 9.257V12.77h2.185l.408-2.71h-2.593V8.3a1.356 1.356 0 0 1 1.521-1.468h1.2V4.53a14.7 14.7 0 0 0-2.1-.182 3.31 3.31 0 0 0-3.547 3.643v2.068h-2.38v2.71h2.38v6.546a9.374 9.374 0 1 1 10.843-9.257z"></path></svg></a></div><div class="sc-bdfBwQ Grid__GridItem-sc-3uwl3g-2"><a href="https://t.me/share/url?url=https://coinmarketcap.com/academy/glossary/multiple-data-availability-multida&text=Multiple%20Data%20Availability%20(MultiDA)" aria-label="Share this article on Telegram" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="sc-gsTCUz SocialLink__IconWrapper-sc-1toayxk-0 SocialLink-sc-1toayxk-1 kSSfgv kWcfCj"><svg viewBox="0 0 18 16" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="sc-bdfBwQ Svg-sc-17i2kvj-0"><path d="M16.5257 0.95613L0.992894 6.94483C-0.066948 7.37023 -0.061323 7.96196 0.800144 8.22551L4.78605 9.46968L14.0138 3.64787C14.4499 3.3832 14.8494 3.52537 14.5213 3.81704L7.04397 10.5643L7.12095 10.6987L7.04397 10.5649L6.76974 14.675C6.92584 14.6731 7.07947 14.6358 7.21913 14.566C7.35878 14.4963 7.48083 14.3958 7.57613 14.2721L9.51318 12.389L13.5423 15.3662C14.2841 15.7748 14.8191 15.5629 15.004 14.6773L17.6491 2.21212C17.9199 1.12644 17.2349 0.634171 16.5258 0.956163"></path></svg></a></div><div class="sc-bdfBwQ Grid__GridItem-sc-3uwl3g-2"><div aria-label="Copy the link to your clipboard" class="sc-gsTCUz SocialLink__IconWrapper-sc-1toayxk-0 kSSfgv sHTpX"><svg viewBox="0 0 14 17" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="sc-bdfBwQ Svg-sc-17i2kvj-0"><path d="M13.8801 0V12.26H11.8801V2H4.12012V0H13.8801Z"></path><path d="M0.120117 3.97998V16.24H9.88012V3.99998L0.120117 3.97998ZM7.87012 14.26H2.12012V5.99998H7.88012L7.87012 14.26Z"></path></svg></div></div></div></div><div class="sc-bdfBwQ GlossaryContent__SummaryBox-k7dren-0 koUmyx eTIkUK"><p>This blockchain architecture uses more than one data availability (DA) service to ensure data redundancy. </p></div><h2 id="isPasted" class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Heading-juwhnu-0 iLpgJa ehzvDo">What Does MultiDA Mean?</h2><div class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">Multiple Data Availability (MultiDA) is an important component of <a href="https://coinmarketcap.com/academy/article/modular-vs-monolithic-blockchains-what-s-the-difference" rel="noopener noreferrer noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 gbfvns">modular blockchains</a>, especially for <a href="https://coinmarketcap.com/academy/glossary/layer-2" rel="noopener noreferrer noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 gbfvns">Layer 2</a> (L2) solutions and rollups. This blockchain architecture uses more than one data availability (DA) service to ensure data redundancy. By distributing transaction data across multiple DA providers, MultiDA continues to operate even if one DA service provider experiences downtime. <br/>DA layers serve as scalable and cost-efficient alternatives to traditional monolithic blockchain data storage, as seen in Ethereum. </div><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">For L2 rollups, DA layers provide a secure and easily accessible storage solution for transaction data. When L2s and rollups publish transaction data to a DA layer, the DA layer will quickly and efficiently verify the transaction and execute it at a lower cost, in comparison to traditional blockchain storage models. </p><h2 class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Heading-juwhnu-0 iLpgJa ehzvDo">Why Would You Need More Than One DA Layer?</h2><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">A single DA layer presents the risk of a single point of failure. If there is a disruption within a DA service provider, the whole blockchain will be impacted.</p><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">Blockchain and Web3 technology have long been touted as overly complicated and hard to use. This is one of the benefits of having MultiDA in place — a seamless user experience, without the need to manually select a DA service. Additional benefits include improved uptime, cost efficiency, and overall improvement in reliability for users.</p><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">The use of MultiDA providers means operations will always continue. If one service provider experiences downtime, there will be an automatic switch to the next available option, which is determined by cost, availability, and performance. This redundancy sends data to multiple providers, which then improves resiliency and security — while simultaneously keeping transaction costs low.</p><h2 class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Heading-juwhnu-0 iLpgJa ehzvDo">How Does MultiDA Work?</h2><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">In fallback scenarios, the alternative DA used is determined based on the following:</p><ol class="Renderer__List-mfgg8t-1 kEBbNN"><li class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 byJUJo"><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">Availability: The system checks which integrated DAs are operational and available.</p></li><li class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 byJUJo"><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">Cost Efficiency: The system considers transaction fees among the available DAs to select the DA layer that offers the lowest costs.</p></li><li class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 byJUJo"><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">Performance Metrics: Other performance factors like throughput, latency, and reliability are also considered to ensure the best possible user experience.</p></li></ol><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">This setup means users won’t need to manually select a DA service — the system will handle it automatically, maintaining glitch-free operations and consistent fees.</p><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">A successful MultiDA selection ensures the following:</p><ul class="Renderer__List-mfgg8t-1 kEBbNN"><li class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 byJUJo"><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">Gas fees do not spike while leveraging the benefits of MultiDA services.</p></li><li class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 byJUJo"><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">It is only activated or used in times of crisis — similar to having a backup generator in case of a storm, MultiDA should only be used when there is a fallback scenario.</p></li><li class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 byJUJo"><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">One-day chains automatically switch to the best-performing DA service for users, improving the UX by offering an uninterrupted service.</p></li></ul><h2 class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Heading-juwhnu-0 iLpgJa ehzvDo">Creating Resiliency Through Redundancy</h2><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">In July 2024, Crowdstrike, a third-party software that Microsoft uses for security, published a faulty software update, sparking a global technological crisis. It severely impacted any business dependent on the computer system, affecting a multitude of industries including banking, TV, and aviation. </p><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">This incident showcases the importance of redundancy in systems, as it helps to prevent a single point of failure and widespread disruption. MultiDA is an example of this redundancy approach within the blockchain space. By distributing data across multiple chains and DA providers, the risk of a single point of failure is avoided.</p><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">Cloud services are an example of how Web2 data storage companies utilize redundancy to mitigate a single point of failure. AWS, Google Cloud, and Microsoft Azure have created storage systems that cost a fraction of what traditional servers offer. This enhances operational efficiency for the companies using these services while saving them a lot of money. </p><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">However, there is still a risk of unexpected downtime if a single cloud service provider experiences issues. So using more than one cloud service provider and distributing the servers geographically, can help ensure greater resilience to any disruption, while allowing the company to address the issue quickly.</p><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF">In Web3, modularity and redundancy function similarly. By leveraging MultiDA, networks become more flexible and efficient. These dependencies make it crucial for developers to factor in resiliency through redundancy, and adopting a MultiDA framework is the first step toward achieving this.</p><hr class="sc-bdfBwQ gYEBiR"/><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Renderer___StyledText-mfgg8t-7 kVrfYF"><em>Author: <a href="https://x.com/superanonymousk" rel="noopener noreferrer noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 gbfvns">Kenny Li</a>, Co-Founder & Core Contributor of <a href="https://manta.network/" rel="noopener noreferrer noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 gbfvns">Manta Network<br/><br/></a>Kenny Li has started, advised, and invested in startups for over a decade. He received an MBA from MIT in 2020, while there he was a teaching assistant for several blockchain-based courses and worked with the Digital Currency Initiative. Rather than just increasing the transaction per second vertically within a single network, <a href="https://pacific.manta.network/" rel="noopener noreferrer noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 gbfvns">Manta Pacific</a> advocates for a horizontally scalable approach. This can be seen with <a href="https://mantanetwork.medium.com/introducing-resilient-modular-networks-with-manta-pacifics-multida-7d02b35a9c9c" rel="noopener noreferrer noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 gbfvns">Manta’s MultiDA framework</a>, integrating with EigenDA, NEAR DA, 0G, Nubit, and Dill on Testnet.</em></p></div><div class="sc-bdfBwQ Container-sc-4c5vqs-0 kA-dzTb khdEkh"><div class="sc-bdfBwQ glide"><div class="Controls__Wrapper-dqlwmp-2 hLEHRj"><div class="sc-gsTCUz uhZXX glide__arrows" data-glide-el="controls"><button class="Controls__Button-dqlwmp-0 fQroEF glide__arrow glide__arrow--right" data-glide-dir=">" aria-label="Explore more glossaries entries" type="button"><svg viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="sc-bdfBwQ Svg-sc-17i2kvj-0 bwxocM"><path d="M7.09988 11.11L1.87988 5.88997L3.28988 4.47997L7.10988 0.659973L8.51988 2.06997L5.69988 4.88997H17.4799V6.88997H5.69988L8.50988 9.68997L7.09988 11.11Z"></path><path d="M12.88 8.89001L18.09 14.11L16.68 15.52L12.87 19.34L11.46 17.93L14.28 15.11H2.5V13.11H14.28L11.47 10.31L12.88 8.89001Z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="glide__bullets" data-glide-el="controls[nav]"><button class="Controls__Button-dqlwmp-0 Controls__Bullet-dqlwmp-1 fQroEF dHSKwc glide__bullet" data-glide-dir="=0" aria-label="Slide to related glossary number 0" type="button"></button><button class="Controls__Button-dqlwmp-0 Controls__Bullet-dqlwmp-1 fQroEF dHSKwc glide__bullet" data-glide-dir="=1" aria-label="Slide to related glossary number 1" type="button"></button><button class="Controls__Button-dqlwmp-0 Controls__Bullet-dqlwmp-1 fQroEF dHSKwc glide__bullet" data-glide-dir="=2" aria-label="Slide to related glossary number 2" type="button"></button><button class="Controls__Button-dqlwmp-0 Controls__Bullet-dqlwmp-1 fQroEF dHSKwc glide__bullet" data-glide-dir="=3" aria-label="Slide to related glossary number 3" type="button"></button><button class="Controls__Button-dqlwmp-0 Controls__Bullet-dqlwmp-1 fQroEF dHSKwc glide__bullet" data-glide-dir="=4" aria-label="Slide to related glossary number 4" type="button"></button><button class="Controls__Button-dqlwmp-0 Controls__Bullet-dqlwmp-1 fQroEF dHSKwc glide__bullet" data-glide-dir="=5" aria-label="Slide to related glossary number 5" type="button"></button></div></div><div class="glide__track" data-glide-el="track"><div class="sc-bdfBwQ glide__slides"><div class="sc-bdfBwQ hWhllA glide__slide"><div class="sc-bdfBwQ GlossaryCard__Wrapper-olpfv3-0 imqeFl gxJJyQ GlossaryFooter__Card-sc-1fzncou-0 WXGBS"><a href="/academy/glossary/trusted-execution-environments-tees" class="sc-gsTCUz epuMYd"><div class="sc-bdfBwQ dGqbKE"><div class="sc-bdfBwQ ipBzhV"><div class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Heading-juwhnu-0 Title__StyledTitle-sc-6yi3ll-0 eWLPK gYQtxK gRgJsG">Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs)</div></div><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 kYZXU">Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are secure areas within a main processor that provide a protected spa...</p></div><div class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 hSoJRN">Full definition ></div></a></div></div><div class="sc-bdfBwQ hWhllA glide__slide"><div class="sc-bdfBwQ GlossaryCard__Wrapper-olpfv3-0 imqeFl gxJJyQ GlossaryFooter__Card-sc-1fzncou-0 WXGBS"><a href="/academy/glossary/human-keys" class="sc-gsTCUz epuMYd"><div class="sc-bdfBwQ dGqbKE"><div class="sc-bdfBwQ ipBzhV"><div class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 Heading-juwhnu-0 Title__StyledTitle-sc-6yi3ll-0 eWLPK gYQtxK gRgJsG">Human Keys</div></div><p class="sc-bdfBwQ Text-msjfkz-0 kYZXU">Human Keys are cryptographic keys derived from what you are, what you know, or what you have. 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data availability (DA) service to ensure data redundancy. ","excerpt":"This blockchain architecture uses more than one data availability (DA) service to ensure data redundancy. ","content":"\u003ch2 id=\"isPasted\"\u003eWhat Does MultiDA Mean?\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMultiple Data Availability (MultiDA) is an important component of \u003ca href=\"https://coinmarketcap.com/academy/article/modular-vs-monolithic-blockchains-what-s-the-difference\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003emodular blockchains\u003c/a\u003e, especially for \u003ca href=\"https://coinmarketcap.com/academy/glossary/layer-2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eLayer 2\u003c/a\u003e (L2) solutions and rollups. This blockchain architecture uses more than one data availability (DA) service to ensure data redundancy. By distributing transaction data across multiple DA providers, MultiDA continues to operate even if one DA service provider experiences downtime. \u003cbr\u003eDA layers serve as scalable and cost-efficient alternatives to traditional monolithic blockchain data storage, as seen in Ethereum.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor L2 rollups, DA layers provide a secure and easily accessible storage solution for transaction data. When L2s and rollups publish transaction data to a DA layer, the DA layer will quickly and efficiently verify the transaction and execute it at a lower cost, in comparison to traditional blockchain storage models.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy Would You Need More Than One DA Layer?\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eA single DA layer presents the risk of a single point of failure. If there is a disruption within a DA service provider, the whole blockchain will be impacted.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBlockchain and Web3 technology have long been touted as overly complicated and hard to use. This is one of the benefits of having MultiDA in place \u0026mdash; a seamless user experience, without the need to manually select a DA service. Additional benefits include improved uptime, cost efficiency, and overall improvement in reliability for users.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe use of MultiDA providers means operations will always continue. If one service provider experiences downtime, there will be an automatic switch to the next available option, which is determined by cost, availability, and performance. This redundancy sends data to multiple providers, which then improves resiliency and security \u0026mdash; while simultaneously keeping transaction costs low.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eHow Does MultiDA Work?\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn fallback scenarios, the alternative DA used is determined based on the following:\u003c/p\u003e\u003col\u003e\u003cli aria-level=\"1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAvailability: The system checks which integrated DAs are operational and available.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli aria-level=\"1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eCost Efficiency: The system considers transaction fees among the available DAs to select the DA layer that offers the lowest costs.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli aria-level=\"1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePerformance Metrics: Other performance factors like throughput, latency, and reliability are also considered to ensure the best possible user experience.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis setup means users won\u0026rsquo;t need to manually select a DA service \u0026mdash; the system will handle it automatically, maintaining glitch-free operations and consistent fees.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eA successful MultiDA selection ensures the following:\u003c/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli aria-level=\"1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eGas fees do not spike while leveraging the benefits of MultiDA services.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli aria-level=\"1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eIt is only activated or used in times of crisis \u0026mdash; similar to having a backup generator in case of a storm, MultiDA should only be used when there is a fallback scenario.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli aria-level=\"1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eOne-day chains automatically switch to the best-performing DA service for users, improving the UX by offering an uninterrupted service.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eCreating Resiliency Through Redundancy\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn July 2024, Crowdstrike, a third-party software that Microsoft uses for security, published a faulty software update, sparking a global technological crisis. It severely impacted any business dependent on the computer system, affecting a multitude of industries including banking, TV, and aviation.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis incident showcases the importance of redundancy in systems, as it helps to prevent a single point of failure and widespread disruption. MultiDA is an example of this redundancy approach within the blockchain space. By distributing data across multiple chains and DA providers, the risk of a single point of failure is avoided.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCloud services are an example of how Web2 data storage companies utilize redundancy to mitigate a single point of failure. AWS, Google Cloud, and Microsoft Azure have created storage systems that cost a fraction of what traditional servers offer. This enhances operational efficiency for the companies using these services while saving them a lot of money.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHowever, there is still a risk of unexpected downtime if a single cloud service provider experiences issues. So using more than one cloud service provider and distributing the servers geographically, can help ensure greater resilience to any disruption, while allowing the company to address the issue quickly.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn Web3, modularity and redundancy function similarly. By leveraging MultiDA, networks become more flexible and efficient. These dependencies make it crucial for developers to factor in resiliency through redundancy, and adopting a MultiDA framework is the first step toward achieving this.\u003c/p\u003e\u003chr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAuthor: \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/superanonymousk\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eKenny Li\u003c/a\u003e,\u0026nbsp;Co-Founder \u0026amp; Core Contributor of\u0026nbsp;\u003ca href=\"https://manta.network/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eManta Network\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/a\u003eKenny Li has started, advised, and invested in startups for over a decade. He received an MBA from MIT in 2020, while there he was a teaching assistant for several blockchain-based courses and worked with the Digital Currency Initiative.\u0026nbsp;Rather than just increasing the transaction per second vertically within a single network,\u0026nbsp;\u003ca href=\"https://pacific.manta.network/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eManta Pacific\u003c/a\u003e advocates for a horizontally scalable approach. This can be seen with\u0026nbsp;\u003ca href=\"https://mantanetwork.medium.com/introducing-resilient-modular-networks-with-manta-pacifics-multida-7d02b35a9c9c\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eManta\u0026rsquo;s MultiDA framework\u003c/a\u003e, integrating with EigenDA, NEAR DA, 0G, Nubit, and Dill on Testnet.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","author":"CoinMarketCap","created_at":"2024-10-15T11:30:29.479Z","updated_at":"2024-10-15T11:30:29.479Z","related":[{"id":"673c7939df216763658fda91","title":"Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs)","slug":"trusted-execution-environments-tees","excerpt":"Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are secure areas within a main processor that provide a protected space where sensitive code and data can operate without fear of tampering or observation from the outside world."},{"id":"673b643505515f5f6fc2083a","title":"Human Keys","slug":"human-keys","excerpt":"Human Keys are cryptographic keys derived from what you are, what you know, or what you have. They are used to secure digital assets, protect privacy, and access the decentralized web."},{"id":"673b623505515f5f6fc2082b","title":"Open Finance (OpenFi)","slug":"open-finance-openfi","excerpt":"OpenFi, short for \"Open Finance,\" is a financial framework that integrates traditional finance (TradFi) with decentralized finance (DeFi)."},{"id":"67210bc6793ac665fe01f4f2","title":"Rollups-as-a-Service (RaaS)","slug":"rollups-as-a-service-raas","excerpt":"Rollups-as-a-Service (RaaS) allows builders to build and launch their own rollups quickly. RaaS providers deliver end-to-end solutions like customizations of the underlying tech stack, no-code management, and one-click custom integrations with core infrastructure.\n"},{"id":"6721090bf97f8366f8f0df03","title":"Data Availability Sampling (DAS)","slug":"data-availability-sampling-das","excerpt":"Data Availability Sampling (DAS) is a method that enables decentralized applications to verify the availability of block data without requiring the entire dataset to be downloaded by each participant."},{"id":"670e5255650acf586937ecb5","title":"Multiple Data Availability (MultiDA)","slug":"multiple-data-availability-multida","excerpt":"This blockchain architecture uses more than one data availability (DA) service to ensure data redundancy. "}],"available_languages":["en"],"difficulty":{"level":2,"label":"Moderate","slug":"intermediate","language":"en"},"pages":[]},"chartbeatProps":{"sections":"Glossary"},"index":true},"locale":"en","i18n":{"2020 has been an eventful year, from the Bitcoin halving to the “DeFi Summer Wave” to surges in Bitcoin’s price due to the large influx of “traditional\" institutional investors. Who are the most influential people in crypto in 2020? Which are the most innovative, impactful \u0026 interesting projects in 2020?":"2020 has been an eventful year, from the Bitcoin halving to the “DeFi Summer Wave” to surges in Bitcoin’s price due to the large influx of “traditional\" institutional investors. Who are the most influential people in crypto in 2020? Which are the most innovative, impactful \u0026 interesting projects in 2020?","Loading...":"Loading...","Copied!\"));":"Copied!\"));","Find what fascinates you as you explore crypto":"Find what fascinates you as you explore crypto","Learn":"Learn","Learn all there is to know about blockchain, cryptocurrency, trading, and more. Get started by exploring all the content on CoinMarketCap Alexandria.":"Learn all there is to know about blockchain, cryptocurrency, trading, and more. Get started by exploring all the content on CoinMarketCap Alexandria.","Explore our content":"Explore our content","Find out the meaning of cryptocurrency and blockchain's hidden language with the CoinMarketCap glossary of terms.":"Find out the meaning of cryptocurrency and blockchain's hidden language with the CoinMarketCap glossary of terms.","Crypto Glossary | CoinMarketCap":"Crypto Glossary | CoinMarketCap","Who is {{name}}?":"Who is {{name}}?","CoinMarketCap Alexandria will house online both content about crypto written by our own researchers and employees, as well as articles by some of the best minds in the crypto space today.‍":"CoinMarketCap Alexandria will house online both content about crypto written by our own researchers and employees, as well as articles by some of the best minds in the crypto space today.‍","About CoinMarketCap Alexandria":"About CoinMarketCap Alexandria","Crypto \u0026 Blockchain Education":"Crypto \u0026 Blockchain Education","Most Influential People \u0026 Projects in 2020":"Most Influential People \u0026 Projects in 2020","Read our profiles of the leading crypto influencers, entrepreneurs, technologists, movers and shakers, in 2020.":"Read our profiles of the leading crypto influencers, entrepreneurs, technologists, movers and shakers, in 2020.","The Leading Crypto Influencers In 2020 | CoinMarketCap":"The Leading Crypto Influencers In 2020 | CoinMarketCap","Next":"Next","writer":"writer","Authors":"Authors","Read our profiles of the leading blockchain and crypto {{name}} in 2020.":"Read our profiles of the leading blockchain and crypto {{name}} in 2020.","The leading Crypto {{name}} in 2020 | CoinMarketCap":"The leading Crypto {{name}} in 2020 | CoinMarketCap","All Categories":"All Categories","Crypto Glossary":"Crypto Glossary","Latest articles by {{author}}":"Latest articles by {{author}}","Biography":"Biography","Everything you’ve ever wanted to know about crypto and more, brought to you by the number one crypto data aggregator, CoinMarketCap.":"Everything you’ve ever wanted to know about crypto and more, brought to you by the number one crypto data aggregator, CoinMarketCap.","Learn About Cryptocurrency.":"Learn About Cryptocurrency.","Alexandria’s authors range from CoinMarketCap employees and researchers to some of the best minds and projects in the crypto space.":"Alexandria’s authors range from CoinMarketCap employees and researchers to some of the best minds and projects in the crypto space.","Meet our Authors":"Meet our Authors","Subscribe":"Subscribe","Enter your email address":"Enter your email address","Join our free newsletter for daily crypto updates!":"Join our free newsletter for daily crypto updates!","Join the thousands already learning crypto!":"Join the thousands already learning crypto!","Latest Articles":"Latest Articles","See All":"See All","See all articles":"See all articles","Related Articles":"Related Articles","By {{author}}":"By {{author}}","{{time}}m":"{{time}}m","Home":"Home","Articles":"Articles","Looking to get started with cryptocurrency? Buy Bitcoin on Binance!":"Looking to get started with cryptocurrency? Buy Bitcoin on Binance!","Buy Bitcoin":"Buy Bitcoin","Was this article useful?":"Was this article useful?","{{count}} out of {{count}} people found this article useful.":"{{count}} out of {{count}} people found this article useful.","Yes":"Yes","No":"No","No noise. Just signal.":"No noise. Just signal.","Sign up for our weekly newsletter. We promise we don't spam!":"Sign up for our weekly newsletter. We promise we don't spam!","Your email":"Your email","Sign up":"Sign up","Explore all of our content":"Explore all of our content","Related topics":"Related topics","Share":"Share","Table of Contents":"Table of Contents","Topics at Academy":"Topics at Academy","Search topics to add...":"Search topics to add...","Reading time":"Reading time","{{count}}m":"{{count}}m","Layout":"Layout","Sort by Latest":"Sort by Latest","Sort by Difficulty":"Sort by Difficulty","Latest":"Latest","Read more":"Read more","See all results for your search":"See all results for your search","{{count}} results for '{{term}}'":"{{count}} results for '{{term}}'","Topics":"Topics","Difficulty":"Difficulty","Type":"Type","Glossary entries":"Glossary entries","Courses":"Courses","Hide filters":"Hide filters","Show filters":"Show filters","Refresh results":"Refresh results","Clear all filters":"Clear all filters","Show off your crypto knowledge":"Show off your crypto knowledge","Try out Academy Quizzes":"Try out Academy Quizzes","Phishing quiz":"Phishing quiz","Glossary quiz":"Glossary quiz","Bitcoin history quiz":"Bitcoin history quiz","We're working on getting more quizzes ready.":"We're working on getting more quizzes ready.","While you're waiting, why not check out our latest content?":"While you're waiting, why not check out our latest content?","Cryptocurrencies have brought lots of exciting possibilities, but they are full of risks and dangers for the inexperienced.":"Cryptocurrencies have brought lots of exciting possibilities, but they are full of risks and dangers for the inexperienced.","How well do you know the origins of Bitcoin and its journey since inception? Take the Binance Academy Bitcoin History quiz to find out how much you know!":"How well do you know the origins of Bitcoin and its journey since inception? Take the Binance Academy Bitcoin History quiz to find out how much you know!","Think you know crypto? Take our crypto glossary quiz.":"Think you know crypto? Take our crypto glossary quiz.","Take the quiz":"Take the quiz","This quiz has {{count}} questions.":"This quiz has {{count}} questions.","I am a complete beginner and just started exploring Binance Academy. Let me test my basic knowledge":"I am a complete beginner and just started exploring Binance Academy. Let me test my basic knowledge","I am a frequent visitor of Binance Academy and am quite familiar with some terms, but still on my path to true knowledge.":"I am a frequent visitor of Binance Academy and am quite familiar with some terms, but still on my path to true knowledge.","I have learned enough at Binance Academy. My knowledge base is wide and I feel ready to be challenged.":"I have learned enough at Binance Academy. My knowledge base is wide and I feel ready to be challenged.","Select a suitable level of difficulty.":"Select a suitable level of difficulty.","Q{{count}}/{{count}}":"Q{{count}}/{{count}}","Phishing":"Phishing","Legitimate":"Legitimate","Quizzes":"Quizzes","Quiz difficulty selection":"Quiz difficulty selection","LEARN ALL ABOUT":"LEARN ALL ABOUT","Blockchain \u0026 Crypto":"Blockchain \u0026 Crypto","Your one-stop guide to all things crypto. Whether you're a rookie trying to understand mining or a veteran looking to develop a trading strategy, we've got you covered.":"Your one-stop guide to all things crypto. Whether you're a rookie trying to understand mining or a veteran looking to develop a trading strategy, we've got you covered.","Featured":"Featured","Beginner":"Beginner","Intermediate":"Intermediate","Advanced":"Advanced","{{count}} minutes":"{{count}} minutes","{{count}} minutes ago":"{{count}} minutes ago","{{count}} hours ago":"{{count}} hours ago","{{count}} days ago":"{{count}} days ago","Latest releases":"Latest releases","SEE ALL LATEST RELEASES":"SEE ALL LATEST RELEASES","Full definition":"Full definition","Glossary addition":"Glossary addition","Explore all the latest content":"Explore all the latest content","Lost in all the crypto slang?":"Lost in all the crypto slang?","Take a closer look at our blockchain \u0026 crypto glossary.":"Take a closer look at our blockchain \u0026 crypto glossary.","Check out Glossary":"Check out Glossary","Up for an adventure?":"Up for an adventure?","Learn while you test your knowledge with a range of quizzes.":"Learn while you test your knowledge with a range of quizzes.","Take a crypto quiz":"Take a crypto quiz","Trading":"Trading","SEE ALL TRADING CONTENT":"SEE ALL TRADING CONTENT","See more content about this topic":"See more content about this topic","No idea what you just scrolled through?":"No idea what you just scrolled through?","Not to worry. Our no-nonsense beginner's guide will get you up to speed.":"Not to worry. Our no-nonsense beginner's guide will get you up to speed.","Get started here":"Get started here","Essentials":"Essentials","SEE ALL ESSENTIALS CONTENT":"SEE ALL ESSENTIALS CONTENT","Blockchain":"Blockchain","SEE ALL BLOCKCHAIN CONTENT":"SEE ALL BLOCKCHAIN CONTENT","Keep an eye on Bitcoin":"Keep an eye on Bitcoin","Every four years, the Bitcoin rewards are slashed in half. Find out why on the Halving page.":"Every four years, the Bitcoin rewards are slashed in half. Find out why on the Halving page.","Bitcoin halving page":"Bitcoin halving page","Got questions?":"Got questions?","We totally understand. That's why we've built a platform to answer them.":"We totally understand. That's why we've built a platform to answer them.","Go to Ask Academy":"Go to Ask Academy","Guides":"Guides","SEE ALL GUIDES":"SEE ALL GUIDES","Weekly pick":"Weekly pick","{{count}}":"{{count}}","That's the number of terms in our glossary. How many do you know?":"That's the number of terms in our glossary. How many do you know?","Search glossary":"Search glossary","Get the latest in crypto dropped to your email, every week.":"Get the latest in crypto dropped to your email, every week.","Glossary":"Glossary","The Words of Crypto":"The Words of Crypto","Time to understand the language":"Time to understand the language","Search terms here...":"Search terms here...","Can't find what you're looking for?":"Can't find what you're looking for?","Whoops. Our bad. Please help us make our glossary better by submitting new terms.":"Whoops. Our bad. Please help us make our glossary better by submitting new terms.","Submit terms":"Submit terms","Community submission":"Community submission","Author:":"Author:","Start here":"Start here","Discover":"Discover","Log In":"Log In","Register":"Register","Search":"Search","Ask Academy":"Ask Academy","Blockchain forum and Q\u0026A":"Blockchain forum and Q\u0026A","Crypto-terms glossary":"Crypto-terms glossary","Test your knowledge":"Test your knowledge","Have a product idea or feedback?":"Have a product idea or feedback?","Contribute":"Contribute","New to Crypto?":"New to Crypto?","See our beginner content.":"See our beginner content.","Products":"Products","Exchange":"Exchange","Access":"Access","Academy":"Academy","BCF":"BCF","Card":"Card","Labs":"Labs","Launchpad":"Launchpad","Research":"Research","Trust Wallet":"Trust Wallet","Company":"Company","Terms \u0026 Conditions":"Terms \u0026 Conditions","Privacy Policy":"Privacy Policy","Disclaimer":"Disclaimer","Content Request":"Content Request","Submission Guide":"Submission Guide","Feedback":"Feedback","Bitcoin Halving Countdown":"Bitcoin Halving Countdown","Bitcoin Halving Timer":"Bitcoin Halving Timer","Days":"Days","Hours":"Hours","Minutes":"Minutes","Seconds":"Seconds","Current block height":"Current block height","Blocks until halving":"Blocks until halving","BTC Price":"BTC Price","Buy Bitcoin on Binance":"Buy Bitcoin on Binance","Detailed datasheet":"Detailed datasheet","Total BTC in circulation":"Total BTC in circulation","Total BTC to ever be produced":"Total BTC to ever be produced","Percentage of BTC mined":"Percentage of BTC mined","BTC left to mine until halving":"BTC left to mine until halving","BTC market cap (USD)":"BTC market cap (USD)","BTC generated each day":"BTC generated each day","BTC annual inflation rate":"BTC annual inflation rate","BTC daily inflation":"BTC daily inflation","Approximate block time":"Approximate block time","Mining difficulty":"Mining difficulty","Hash rate":"Hash rate","Community":"Community","{{count}}h ago":"{{count}}h ago","{{count}}d ago":"{{count}}d ago","{{count}}w ago":"{{count}}w ago","Crypto \u0026 Blockchain Education | Blockchain Course":"Crypto \u0026 Blockchain Education | Blockchain Course","Blockchain and crypto asset exchange":"Blockchain and crypto asset exchange","Blockchain and crypto education":"Blockchain and crypto education","Blockchain charity foundation":"Blockchain charity foundation","Cryptocurrency Information":"Cryptocurrency Information","Incubator for top blockchain projects":"Incubator for top blockchain projects","Institutional-grade analysis and reports":"Institutional-grade analysis and reports","Binance's official crypto wallet":"Binance's official crypto wallet","Token Launch Platform":"Token Launch Platform","Binance Academy's Blockchain and Crypto Glossary is the authoritative source for terminology and definitions of the blockchain and cryptocurrency world":"Binance Academy's Blockchain and Crypto Glossary is the authoritative source for terminology and definitions of the blockchain and cryptocurrency world","Learn about blockchain, cryptocurrency, security, technology and more with entirely free videos, articles, and online courses all on Binance Academy.":"Learn about blockchain, cryptocurrency, security, technology and more with entirely free videos, articles, and online courses all on Binance Academy.","Interested in learning about blockchain, cryptocurrency, security, technology, or following along with tutorials? Binance Academy has all that and more!":"Interested in learning about blockchain, cryptocurrency, security, technology, or following along with tutorials? Binance Academy has all that and more!","Binance Academy playlists provide content from beginner to advanced, you can follow along curated list of articles designed to make it easy to understand":"Binance Academy playlists provide content from beginner to advanced, you can follow along curated list of articles designed to make it easy to understand","The bitcoin block reward halving occurs once every 4 years on average, learn the significance of the bitcoin halving and when the next one will occur.":"The bitcoin block reward halving occurs once every 4 years on average, learn the significance of the bitcoin halving and when the next one will occur.","Want to test yourself? Check out Binance Academy Quizzes and test how much you have learned about Blockchain, Cryptocurrency, Security, and Economics.":"Want to test yourself? Check out Binance Academy Quizzes and test how much you have learned about Blockchain, Cryptocurrency, Security, and Economics.","Looks like you don't have an internet connection.":"Looks like you don't have an internet connection.","Binance Academy is currently under maintenance.":"Binance Academy is currently under maintenance.","We'll be right back!":"We'll be right back!","In the meantime, take a look at some of our videos.":"In the meantime, take a look at some of our videos.","Search results for":"Search results for","No results found.":"No results found.","Ask a new question":"Ask a new question","asked by":"asked by","Latest questions":"Latest questions","Trending":"Trending","New":"New","Solved":"Solved","All":"All","Open":"Open","Find existing answers":"Find existing answers","Title must be 10 or more characters":"Title must be 10 or more characters","You will not be able to edit your title after posting":"You will not be able to edit your title after posting","Title...":"Title...","Enter your question here":"Enter your question here","Post question":"Post question","Answers":"Answers","Enter your answer or comment here...":"Enter your answer or comment here..."},"statusCode":null,"initialTheme":0,"supportedLanguages":["en","ru","id","de","vi","tr","pt","es","uk","th"],"categories":[{"id":"63637417847d336a2db3780a","slug":"altcoins","icon":"https://academy-public.coinmarketcap.com/optimized-uploads/fce0b02d449245cba857377f7f28c5f5.png","created_at":"2021-11-04T07:49:36.000Z","updated_at":"2022-12-07T16:20:43.548Z","parent_slug":"topics","translations":[{"title":"Altcoins","language":"de","created_at":"2022-03-02T08:13:57.000Z","updated_at":"2022-12-07T16:20:43.547Z"},{"title":"Altcoins","language":"es","created_at":"2022-03-02T08:13:57.000Z","updated_at":"2022-12-07T16:20:43.547Z"},{"title":"Altcoins","language":"id","created_at":"2022-03-02T08:13:57.000Z","updated_at":"2022-12-07T16:20:43.547Z"},{"title":"Altcoins","language":"pt","created_at":"2022-03-02T08:13:57.000Z","updated_at":"2022-12-07T16:20:43.547Z"},{"title":"Altcoins","language":"ru","created_at":"2022-03-02T08:13:57.000Z","updated_at":"2022-12-07T16:20:43.547Z"},{"title":"Altcoins","language":"th","created_at":"2022-04-14T10:49:56.000Z","updated_at":"2022-12-07T16:20:43.547Z"},{"title":"Altcoins","language":"tr","created_at":"2022-03-02T08:13:57.000Z","updated_at":"2022-12-07T16:20:43.547Z"},{"title":"Altcoins","language":"uk","created_at":"2022-04-11T14:35:26.000Z","updated_at":"2022-12-07T16:20:43.547Z"},{"title":"Altcoins","language":"vi","created_at":"2022-03-02T08:13:57.000Z","updated_at":"2022-12-07T16:20:43.547Z"},{"title":"Altcoins","description":"Get 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