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data-uid="11785" data-contentGroup1="auteur-Yves-Helven"> <header> <span property="dc:title" content="Subsidies or innovation: Why are Chinese vehicles cheaper? " class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span> </header> <div class="required-fields group-image field-group-html-element"><div class="field-ct field-ct-transliterated field-ct-analysis">Analysis</div><div class="field field-name-field-image field-type-image field-label-hidden "> <div class="field-item even field-item-first field-item-last field-item-0"><div style="background-image: url("https://www.globalfleet.com/sites/default/files/styles/headlines_width_850/public/field/image/shutterstock_2430963795.jpg?itok=5jQyOlcq");" class="single-image-background"></div></div> </div><div class="addthis-wrapper"> <div class="addthis_inline_share_toolbox" data-url="" data-title="Subsidies or innovation: Why are Chinese vehicles cheaper? " data-description="Chinese automakers have steadily captured global market share with vehicles that are not only competitive in terms of technology but also notably cheaper than their Western or Japanese counterparts..." data-media="https://www.globalfleet.com/sites/default/files/field/image/shutterstock_2430963795.jpg"> </div> <div class="label-share"> <span>Share</span> </div> </div> </div><div class="required-fields group-content field-group-html-element"><div class="field field-name-field-published-date field-type-datetime field-label-hidden "> <div class="field-item even field-item-first field-item-last field-item-0"><span class="date-display-single" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2024-10-16T09:15:00+02:00">16 Oct 24</span></div> </div><div class="field field-name-title-field field-type-text field-label-hidden "> <div class="field-item even field-item-first field-item-last field-item-0"><h1>Subsidies or innovation: Why are Chinese vehicles cheaper? </h1> </div> </div><div class="field field-name-field-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-hidden multiple "> <div class="field-item even field-item-first field-item-0"><a href="/en/tags/china" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">China</a></div> <div class="field-item odd field-item-1"><a href="/en/tags/car-manufacturers" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Car Manufacturers</a></div> <div class="field-item even field-item-last field-item-2"><a href="/en/tags/electric-vehicle" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">electric vehicle</a></div> </div><div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden "> <div class="field-item even field-item-first field-item-last field-item-0" property="content:encoded"> <p><span><span>Chinese automakers have steadily captured global market share with vehicles that are not only competitive in terms of technology but also notably cheaper than their Western or Japanese counterparts. This cost competitiveness has been a subject of intrigue and debate, often attributed to direct subsidies from the Chinese government. However, the underlying reasons for these lower prices are more complex, rooted in a combination of production efficiency, supply chain control, technological innovation, and government policy. A nuanced understanding of these factors can provide insight into why Chinese vehicles, particularly EVs, are able to maintain lower price points.</span></span></p> <h2><span><span>Production Efficiencies and Technological Integration</span></span></h2> <p><span><span>A key driver behind the low costs of Chinese vehicles is their manufacturers' focus on production efficiency, particularly for electric vehicles. Automakers such as BYD and Nio have adopted innovative strategies that allow them to reduce the complexity of their vehicles, cutting costs significantly. This became clear during a dismanteling of Chinese EVs, initiated by Japanese auto parts <a href="https://www.globalfleet.com/en/taxation-and-legislation/asia-pacific/analysis/risk-protectionism-japan-case?a=YHE11&t%5B0%5D=Japan&t%5B1%5D=China&t%5B2%5D=Import%20tariffs&curl=1" target="_blank">manufacturers</a>, in the gymnasium of a closed school in Japan鈥檚 Chubu region.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>The teardown of BYD鈥檚 Atto 3 EV reveals how the company integrates multiple components into a single part, such as the e-axle electric drive unit, which combines the motor, inverter, reducer, charger, and other essential elements into one system. This design not only reduces production costs but also lowers the vehicle's weight, leading to increased efficiency.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>Chinese manufacturers also benefit from in-house production of key components, minimizing reliance on external suppliers. By doing so, companies like BYD can exercise greater control over quality and costs, achieving economies of scale more quickly than many of their international competitors. This focus on mass production is reinforced by high domestic sales, with BYD having sold over 300,000 units of the Atto 3 by March 2023. The ability to share components across multiple vehicle models further enhances cost savings.</span></span></p> <h2><span><span>Supply Chain Control and Localization</span></span></h2> <p><span><span>Another significant factor in the price competitiveness of Chinese vehicles is the extensive localization of their supply chains. China's automotive industry benefits from a mature, densely populated supply chain ecosystem, where manufacturers can source nearly all necessary components domestically. This not only reduces transportation and logistics costs but also gives manufacturers better bargaining power with suppliers.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>Additionally, Chinese companies are deeply integrated into the global battery supply chain, a critical component for EVs. BYD, for example, produces its own batteries, reducing costs associated with importing or outsourcing battery production. By vertically integrating these processes, Chinese automakers can offer competitive prices on the global stage while maintaining profitability.</span></span></p> <h2><span><span>The Role of Government Support</span></span></h2> <p><span><span>While production efficiencies and supply chain control are important, it is impossible to ignore the role of government support in enabling Chinese automakers to keep their costs low. China鈥檚 government has long supported key industries through subsidies, tax rebates, and favorable financial policies. However, these subsidies are not as straightforward as many critics suggest.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>According to data accessed by Nikei Asia, Chinese automakers benefit more from tax rebates than from direct subsidies. For example, BYD received 37.1 billion yuan in tax rebates over a five-year period, almost four times the direct subsidies it received. These rebates are often linked to exports, helping Chinese manufacturers maintain their price competitiveness in international markets. Exporters are frequently reimbursed for VAT on raw materials and components, allowing companies to reduce their operational costs without directly receiving cash handouts.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>The Chinese government also supports the industry by offering companies lower-interest loans, allowing them to invest in technology and production without incurring significant financial burdens. In many cases, Chinese companies are able to secure long-term bank loans at interest rates lower than the market average. This financial support enables manufacturers to maintain steady production and expansion without the strain of high capital costs.</span></span></p> <h2><span><span>Innovation-Driven Cost Reductions</span></span></h2> <p><span><span>Apart from government support and efficient production processes, Chinese automakers are increasingly leveraging innovation to cut costs. The rapid development of solid-state batteries, for example, has been a priority for both the government and manufacturers. This technology promises to reduce production costs further while improving vehicle range and safety.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>China鈥檚 investment in R&D for new technologies, such as semiconductors and battery technology, plays a vital role in keeping costs low. The government has budgetted billions of yuan for developing these strategic industries, with an emphasis on reducing dependency on foreign technology and securing a competitive edge globally. As a result, Chinese automakers are increasingly able to offer vehicles with cutting-edge technology at a fraction of the cost of their <a href="https://www.globalfleet.com/en/financial-models/europe/analysis/crisis-car-country?a=YHE11&t%5B0%5D=Germany&t%5B1%5D=BEVs&t%5B2%5D=Incentives&curl=1" target="_blank">Western</a> or Japanese counterparts.</span></span></p> <h2><span><span>A Multi-Faceted Competitiveness</span></span></h2> <p><span><span>The lower prices of Chinese vehicles, particularly in the EV sector, are not solely a result of government subsidies. While the Chinese government has provided crucial support through tax rebates and financial incentives, the real story lies in the innovative approaches adopted by Chinese manufacturers in combination with a forward looking governmental policy. From integrating components to localizing supply chains and leveraging economies of scale, Chinese automakers have developed a comprehensive strategy that allows them to offer competitive pricing on the global stage.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>Consequently, Chinese vehicle pricing is the result of a complex interplay of market dynamics, production efficiencies, and strategic government support. As Chinese manufacturers continue to innovate and expand at a higher pace, and supported by the government鈥檚 crystal clear <a href="https://www.globalfleet.com/fr/autonomous-technology-and-innovation/asia-pacific/analysis/chinas-technology-roadmap?a=YHE11&curl=1" target="_blank">mission statement</a> , their competitive edge is likely to grow, challenging traditional automakers in both price and technology.</span></span></p> <p><em><span><span>Picture credit: Shutterstock 2430963795</span></span></em></p> </div> </div> <div class="author">Authored by: <b>Yves Helven</b></div><div class="field-regions-with-themes field-name-field-channels"><div class="field-item"><a href="/en/themes/fleet-strategy">Fleet Strategy</a></div><div class="field-item"><a href="/en/themes/manufacturers">Manufacturers</a></div><div class="field-item"><a href="/en/themes/safety-environment">Safety & Environment</a></div><div class="field-item"><a href="/en/themes/taxation-and-legislation">Taxation and Legislation</a></div><div class="field-item"><a href="/en/themes/technology-and-innovation">Technology and Innovation</a></div><div class="field-item"><a href="/en/regions/asia-pacific">Asia Pacific</a></div></div></div><span property="dc:title" content="Subsidies or innovation: Why are Chinese vehicles cheaper? 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