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class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="David Depew" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/232177/2820615/3291802/s200_david.depew.jpg" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">David Depew</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://uiowa.academia.edu/">The University of Iowa</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://uiowa.academia.edu/Departments/Communication_Studies_Rhetoric_of_Inquiry/Documents">Communication Studies/Rhetoric of Inquiry</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Emeritus</span></div></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" 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class="stat-container js-profile-coauthors" data-broccoli-component="user-info.coauthors-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-coauthors"><p class="label">Co-authors</p><p class="data">3</p></div></a><a href="/DavidDepew/mentions"><div class="stat-container"><p class="label">Mentions</p><p class="data">1</p></div></a><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="user-bio-container"><div class="profile-bio fake-truncate js-profile-about" style="margin: 0px;">historian of philosophy: history, philosophy and rhetoric of evolutionary biology<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by David Depew</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125838757"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125838757/Richard_Lewontin_and_Theodosius_Dobzhansky_Genetics_Race_and_the_Anxiety_of_Influence"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Richard Lewontin and Theodosius Dobzhansky: Genetics, Race, and the Anxiety of Influence" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125838757/Richard_Lewontin_and_Theodosius_Dobzhansky_Genetics_Race_and_the_Anxiety_of_Influence">Richard Lewontin and Theodosius Dobzhansky: Genetics, Race, and the Anxiety of Influence</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Biological Theory</span><span>, Nov 22, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This probably would have pleased Lewontin. He presented himself as a scrupulously results-driven ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This probably would have pleased Lewontin. He presented himself as a scrupulously results-driven experimentalist and expected his students to follow suit. Obituaries in newspapers of record on both sides of the Atlantic singled out one experimental result in particularthat human populations contain a vast amount of genetic variation-in order to highlight Lewontin&amp;#39;s critique of biological racism and of the genetic determinism and adaptationism that he, Stephen Jay Gould, and Steven Rose spotted in sociobiology and selfish gene theory (Angier 2021; Brown and Rose 2021). 2 Most eulogists felt obliged to mention Lewontin&amp;#39;s professed Marxism, but more often than not they limited their remarks about its effects on his science to the democratic and interdisciplinary way he ran his laboratory. 3 Only about half of the death notices I have surveyed note that Theodosius Dobzhansky directed the doctorate Lewontin was awarded in 1954. Dobzhansky&amp;#39;s prominence in the</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125838757"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125838757"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125838757; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125838757]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125838757]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125838757; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='125838757']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125838757, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=125838757]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":125838757,"title":"Richard Lewontin and Theodosius Dobzhansky: Genetics, Race, and the Anxiety of Influence","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This probably would have pleased Lewontin. 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Dobzhansky\u0026amp;#39;s prominence in the","publisher":"Springer Science+Business Media","publication_date":{"day":22,"month":11,"year":2023,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Biological Theory"},"translated_abstract":"This probably would have pleased Lewontin. He presented himself as a scrupulously results-driven experimentalist and expected his students to follow suit. 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The work highlights the bond between organisms and their environments.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125838756"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125838756"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125838756; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125838756]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125838756]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125838756; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='125838756']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125838756, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=125838756]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":125838756,"title":"Biology and Pragmatism: The Organism-Environment Bond","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This review essays provides an analysis of the context and content of Trevor Pearce\u0026#39;s Pragmatism\u0026#39;s Evolution. 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I identify it, both befo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Darwinism is one of several research traditions in evolutionary biology. I identify it, both before and after its unification with genetics, with Darwin’s theory of descent by natural selection from a common ancestor. Other traditions include saltationism/mutationism, Lamarckism, and evolutionary developmentalism (“evo-devo”). I argue that Darwinism’s continued dominance in evolutionary science reflects its proven ability to interact productively with these other traditions, an ability impressed on it by its founder’s example. Evolution by sudden leaps (saltations) is alien to the spirit of Darwinism, but Darwinism advanced its own agenda by incorporating and subverting saltationist themes. Similarly, Lamarckism’s belief in the heritability of acquired characteristics has been discredited, but some of the facts to which it seems congenial reappear in genetic Darwinism as phenotypic plasticity and niche construction. These examples help assess challenges to Darwinism’s hegemony currently arising from the role of regulatory genes and epigenetic factors in development. Rather than executing already entrenched genetic programs and relying on chance mutation to initiate evolutionary change, the developmental process appears to generate heritable variations that ab initio respond to environmental factors in an adaptive way.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125838755"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125838755"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125838755; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125838755]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125838755]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125838755; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='125838755']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125838755, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=125838755]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":125838755,"title":"Darwinism in the Twentieth Century: Productive Encounters with Saltation, Acquired Characteristics, and Development","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Darwinism is one of several research traditions in evolutionary biology. I identify it, both before and after its unification with genetics, with Darwin’s theory of descent by natural selection from a common ancestor. Other traditions include saltationism/mutationism, Lamarckism, and evolutionary developmentalism (“evo-devo”). I argue that Darwinism’s continued dominance in evolutionary science reflects its proven ability to interact productively with these other traditions, an ability impressed on it by its founder’s example. Evolution by sudden leaps (saltations) is alien to the spirit of Darwinism, but Darwinism advanced its own agenda by incorporating and subverting saltationist themes. Similarly, Lamarckism’s belief in the heritability of acquired characteristics has been discredited, but some of the facts to which it seems congenial reappear in genetic Darwinism as phenotypic plasticity and niche construction. These examples help assess challenges to Darwinism’s hegemony currently arising from the role of regulatory genes and epigenetic factors in development. Rather than executing already entrenched genetic programs and relying on chance mutation to initiate evolutionary change, the developmental process appears to generate heritable variations that ab initio respond to environmental factors in an adaptive way.","publisher":"Springer Nature","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Springer eBooks"},"translated_abstract":"Darwinism is one of several research traditions in evolutionary biology. I identify it, both before and after its unification with genetics, with Darwin’s theory of descent by natural selection from a common ancestor. Other traditions include saltationism/mutationism, Lamarckism, and evolutionary developmentalism (“evo-devo”). I argue that Darwinism’s continued dominance in evolutionary science reflects its proven ability to interact productively with these other traditions, an ability impressed on it by its founder’s example. Evolution by sudden leaps (saltations) is alien to the spirit of Darwinism, but Darwinism advanced its own agenda by incorporating and subverting saltationist themes. Similarly, Lamarckism’s belief in the heritability of acquired characteristics has been discredited, but some of the facts to which it seems congenial reappear in genetic Darwinism as phenotypic plasticity and niche construction. These examples help assess challenges to Darwinism’s hegemony currently arising from the role of regulatory genes and epigenetic factors in development. 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That Neo- Darwinism Defines Evolution as Random Mutation Plus Natural Selection","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_date":{"day":31,"month":12,"year":2015,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/125838753/Myth_20_That_Neo_Darwinism_Defines_Evolution_as_Random_Mutation_Plus_Natural_Selection","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-11-25T10:43:36.318-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":232177,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Myth_20_That_Neo_Darwinism_Defines_Evolution_as_Random_Mutation_Plus_Natural_Selection","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":232177,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Depew","page_name":"DavidDepew","domain_name":"uiowa","created_at":"2010-08-12T01:20:29.035-07:00","display_name":"David Depew","url":"https://uiowa.academia.edu/DavidDepew"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":788,"name":"Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology"},{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy"},{"id":23457,"name":"Darwinism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Darwinism"},{"id":40422,"name":"Natural Selection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_Selection"},{"id":195817,"name":"Harvard University","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Harvard_University"}],"urls":[{"id":45785531,"url":"https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674089167-022"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125838752"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125838752/The_Rhetoric_of_the_Origin_of_Species"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Rhetoric of the Origin of Species" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125838752/The_Rhetoric_of_the_Origin_of_Species">The Rhetoric of the Origin of Species</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cambridge University Press eBooks</span><span>, Nov 24, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">THE ORIGIN AS RHETORICAL ARGUMENTATION In 1828, the Oxford don Richard Whately, having in his Ele...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">THE ORIGIN AS RHETORICAL ARGUMENTATION In 1828, the Oxford don Richard Whately, having in his Elements of Logic (1826) defined argument as the connection between a claim and its support, proposed in its newly published counterpart, Elements of Rhetoric , to treat argumentative composition as a species of rhetoric…. The office of the logician is to infer, but the office of the rhetorician is to advocate by adducing proofs…. Thus even the philosopher who undertakes by writing or speaking to convey his notion to others assumes for the time being the character of advocate of the doctrines he maintains. (Whately 1963, 5) The idea that rhetoric is situated argumentation - argumentation giving reasons why a specific audience should come to the speaker’s side of a disputed issue or controversial topic - is old. Aristotle took this line when he defined rhetoric as the “ability to discover the available means of persuasion in each particular case” ( Rhetoric I.2.1355b27-8). The idea still has champions (Toulmin 2003). This argument-centered conception of rhetoric contrasts sharply with the equally ancient view that the specific task of a rhetor is not to find or set out an argument but skillfully to deck one out with whatever ornaments of speech might induce a presumably less-than-rational audience to be affected, even infected, by it. Scientists and philosophers assume just such a conception when they hold that logically valid, context-free, undecorated arguments are the only sort that count. Whately’s view also contrasts, however, albeit less severely, with a third conception of rhetoric.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125838752"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125838752"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125838752; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125838752]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125838752]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125838752; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='125838752']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125838752, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=125838752]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":125838752,"title":"The Rhetoric of the Origin of Species","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"THE ORIGIN AS RHETORICAL ARGUMENTATION In 1828, the Oxford don Richard Whately, having in his Elements of Logic (1826) defined argument as the connection between a claim and its support, proposed in its newly published counterpart, Elements of Rhetoric , to treat argumentative composition as a species of rhetoric…. The office of the logician is to infer, but the office of the rhetorician is to advocate by adducing proofs…. Thus even the philosopher who undertakes by writing or speaking to convey his notion to others assumes for the time being the character of advocate of the doctrines he maintains. (Whately 1963, 5) The idea that rhetoric is situated argumentation - argumentation giving reasons why a specific audience should come to the speaker’s side of a disputed issue or controversial topic - is old. Aristotle took this line when he defined rhetoric as the “ability to discover the available means of persuasion in each particular case” ( Rhetoric I.2.1355b27-8). The idea still has champions (Toulmin 2003). 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125838745"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125838745/Conceptual_Change_and_the_Rhetoric_of_Evolutionary_Theory_Force_Talk_as_a_Case_Study_and_Challenge_for_Science_Pedagogy"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Conceptual Change and the Rhetoric of Evolutionary Theory: ‘Force Talk’ as a Case Study and Challenge for Science Pedagogy" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125838745/Conceptual_Change_and_the_Rhetoric_of_Evolutionary_Theory_Force_Talk_as_a_Case_Study_and_Challenge_for_Science_Pedagogy">Conceptual Change and the Rhetoric of Evolutionary Theory: ‘Force Talk’ as a Case Study and Challenge for Science Pedagogy</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Springer eBooks</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Darwinian theories vary. Some of the variation consists in differences in conceptual frames. Thes...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Darwinian theories vary. Some of the variation consists in differences in conceptual frames. These identify the entities and processes over which natural selection ranges. Different conceptual schemes are most easily identifiable by the different images, similes, analogies, and metaphors—in general, tropes—by which evolutionary theories are brought to bear on particulars. I show how Darwin’s metaphors balanced function, chance, and determinism in living things by seeing artificial selection in terms of natural forces and natural forces in terms of artificial selection. I then argue that the Modern Evolutionary Synthesis highlighted Darwin’s view of natural selection as a creative process, which earlier Darwinians had abandoned, by shifting to a conceptual framework and family of tropes that made images of force and design recessive. With the use of mathematical game theory to model gene frequency changes in the 1970s, however, design and force metaphors became dominant again, with the unintended result that images of Darwinism as promoting a god-abandoned, dog-eat-dog that had lodged deeply in popular culture long ago, were reawakened. Analysis of evolutionary discourse that hopes to reach students and the public must attend closely to the uses and abuses of conceptual tropes, ‘force’ and ‘design’ among them. This poses a question for pedagogy. How well can one teach evolutionary science without teaching some of its conceptual, and hence its rhetorical, history? Will students perceive this history as enhancing their knowledge of evolution, as an irrelevant waste of time, or, in its contentious diversity, as undermining its scientific status? 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text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/120639416/Intelligent_Design_and_Irreducible_Complexity_A_Rejoinder">Intelligent Design and Irreducible Complexity: A Rejoinder</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Rhetoric and public affairs</span><span>, 1998</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6c13b4af44cb959e2fc10721f13cf5be" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":115724970,"asset_id":120639416,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115724970/download_file?st=MTczMjczNjIxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span 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They are, says Michael Behe, \"irreducibly complex\" systems, systems \"composed of several interacting parts that contribute to the basic function\" in such a way that \"the removal of any one of the parts causes the system to effectively cease functioning.\"1 No such entity, it is claimed, can have come into existence bit by bit. Since Darwinian natural selection, the argument proceeds, is supposed to be committed to precisely such a gradualistic model of construction, Darwinism is said to be ruled out as a possible origin of organic organization. Stephen Meyer has taken this line of argument down to the most interesting level of all, the origin of life itself. It is well known that origin-of-life research is continuously stymied by the fact that nucleic acids specify proteins only if they are catalyzed by proteins. How could such an irreducibly complex system have come about? For Meyer, conscious design is the best explanation.2 Arguments of this form go back a long way. Plato was so committed to a version of the argument from design (or rather to design) that he recommended executing any citizen who refused, after remonstration and demonstration, to acknowledge that mere matter cannot produce organic form and function.3 Transmitted by the Stoics to modernity, the argument from design was so persuasively stated in William Paley's natural theology that Darwin devoted his entire life to rebutting it. Darwin was in turn challenged by William Whewell, Richard Owen, and Karl Ernst von Baer. When they asked questions such as, \"What's the good of a half a wing?\" they were putting forward versions of the irreducible complexity argument. Why, I wonder, are arguments of this sort prominent at the present juncture in the history of evolution-creationism debates? What is the rhetorical exigency for their new urgency? Having speculated about answers to this question, I will go on, in the briefest compass, to assert that the kind of complexity envisioned by Behe is David Depew is Professor of Communication Studies at the University of Iowa in Iowa City, Iowa, where he is also active in the Project on the Rhetoric of Inquiry.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1998,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Rhetoric and public affairs","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":115724970},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/120639416/Intelligent_Design_and_Irreducible_Complexity_A_Rejoinder","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-06-06T09:14:22.742-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":232177,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":115724970,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115724970/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"viewcontent.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115724970/download_file?st=MTczMjczNjIxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Intelligent_Design_and_Irreducible_Compl.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/115724970/viewcontent-libre.pdf?1717694270=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIntelligent_Design_and_Irreducible_Compl.pdf\u0026Expires=1732739811\u0026Signature=OaOY5w0UUmq7cmY5RBjGian2aZaknMqKvVjJqmSwNKfKJNecezbRlct7adj3RbcJKJtu6Z4F5cWDjJWcXGcnASOccZJ-xYt0i2yF1-8SyAQjcEOz0SxxIF2pEhCe1mZeZ~fWMF2T3bV8-imHvbLLGfN0vmfu44aSE9iQksdo5UEsvU9FLTzK18gkj4GQx-lYNgoD78DIKrqhlCvH2WRsVW9P8m0OEYPhnC2BCe1NnTa5EzxkmchyF7LGhf9huJBtyoq7S1E-ZjHEMjYWZKpJ~E9U6cczo1slId7dtun4pAJrOG9MoxvCMjlURM-BZKTXqsM3rBNinpGI5q~PaN6Yrg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Intelligent_Design_and_Irreducible_Complexity_A_Rejoinder","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":232177,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Depew","page_name":"DavidDepew","domain_name":"uiowa","created_at":"2010-08-12T01:20:29.035-07:00","display_name":"David Depew","url":"https://uiowa.academia.edu/DavidDepew"},"attachments":[{"id":115724970,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115724970/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"viewcontent.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115724970/download_file?st=MTczMjczNjIxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Intelligent_Design_and_Irreducible_Compl.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/115724970/viewcontent-libre.pdf?1717694270=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIntelligent_Design_and_Irreducible_Compl.pdf\u0026Expires=1732739811\u0026Signature=OaOY5w0UUmq7cmY5RBjGian2aZaknMqKvVjJqmSwNKfKJNecezbRlct7adj3RbcJKJtu6Z4F5cWDjJWcXGcnASOccZJ-xYt0i2yF1-8SyAQjcEOz0SxxIF2pEhCe1mZeZ~fWMF2T3bV8-imHvbLLGfN0vmfu44aSE9iQksdo5UEsvU9FLTzK18gkj4GQx-lYNgoD78DIKrqhlCvH2WRsVW9P8m0OEYPhnC2BCe1NnTa5EzxkmchyF7LGhf9huJBtyoq7S1E-ZjHEMjYWZKpJ~E9U6cczo1slId7dtun4pAJrOG9MoxvCMjlURM-BZKTXqsM3rBNinpGI5q~PaN6Yrg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"},{"id":51608,"name":"Intelligent design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligent_design"},{"id":52408,"name":"Literary studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_studies"}],"urls":[{"id":42707984,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/rap.2010.0119"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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Mendelian genetics at first did not sit well with the gradualist assumptions of the Darwinian theory. Eventually, however. Mendelism and Darwinism were fused by reformulating natural selection in statistical terms. This reflected a shift to a more probabilistic set of background assumptions based upon Boltzmannian systems dynamics. Recent developments in molecular genetics and paleontology have put pressure on Darwinism once again. Current work on self-organizing systems may provide a stimulus not only for increased problem solving within the Darwinian tradition, especially with respect to origins of life, developmental genetics, phylogenetic pattern, and energy-flow ecology, but for deeper understanding of the very phenomenon of natural selection itself. Since selforganizational phenomena depend deeply on stochastic processes, self-organizational systems dynamics advance the probability revolution. In our view, natural selection is an emergent phenomenon of physical and chemical selection. These developments suggest that natural selection may be grounded in physical law more deeply than is allowed by advocates of the autonomy of biology, while still making it possible to deny, with autonomists, that evolutionary explanations can be modeled in terms of a deductive relationship between laws and cases. We explore the relationship between, chance, self-organization, and selection as sources of order in biological systems in order to make these points.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1996,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Biology and 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class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125838757/Richard_Lewontin_and_Theodosius_Dobzhansky_Genetics_Race_and_the_Anxiety_of_Influence">Richard Lewontin and Theodosius Dobzhansky: Genetics, Race, and the Anxiety of Influence</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Biological Theory</span><span>, Nov 22, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This probably would have pleased Lewontin. He presented himself as a scrupulously results-driven ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This probably would have pleased Lewontin. He presented himself as a scrupulously results-driven experimentalist and expected his students to follow suit. Obituaries in newspapers of record on both sides of the Atlantic singled out one experimental result in particularthat human populations contain a vast amount of genetic variation-in order to highlight Lewontin&amp;#39;s critique of biological racism and of the genetic determinism and adaptationism that he, Stephen Jay Gould, and Steven Rose spotted in sociobiology and selfish gene theory (Angier 2021; Brown and Rose 2021). 2 Most eulogists felt obliged to mention Lewontin&amp;#39;s professed Marxism, but more often than not they limited their remarks about its effects on his science to the democratic and interdisciplinary way he ran his laboratory. 3 Only about half of the death notices I have surveyed note that Theodosius Dobzhansky directed the doctorate Lewontin was awarded in 1954. Dobzhansky&amp;#39;s prominence in the</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125838757"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125838757"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125838757; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125838757]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125838757]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125838757; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='125838757']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125838757, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=125838757]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":125838757,"title":"Richard Lewontin and Theodosius Dobzhansky: Genetics, Race, and the Anxiety of Influence","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This probably would have pleased Lewontin. 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Dobzhansky\u0026amp;#39;s prominence in the","publisher":"Springer Science+Business Media","publication_date":{"day":22,"month":11,"year":2023,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Biological Theory"},"translated_abstract":"This probably would have pleased Lewontin. He presented himself as a scrupulously results-driven experimentalist and expected his students to follow suit. 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The work highlights the bond between organisms and their environments.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125838756"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125838756"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125838756; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125838756]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125838756]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125838756; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='125838756']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125838756, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=125838756]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":125838756,"title":"Biology and Pragmatism: The Organism-Environment Bond","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This review essays provides an analysis of the context and content of Trevor Pearce\u0026#39;s Pragmatism\u0026#39;s Evolution. 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I identify it, both befo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Darwinism is one of several research traditions in evolutionary biology. I identify it, both before and after its unification with genetics, with Darwin’s theory of descent by natural selection from a common ancestor. Other traditions include saltationism/mutationism, Lamarckism, and evolutionary developmentalism (“evo-devo”). I argue that Darwinism’s continued dominance in evolutionary science reflects its proven ability to interact productively with these other traditions, an ability impressed on it by its founder’s example. Evolution by sudden leaps (saltations) is alien to the spirit of Darwinism, but Darwinism advanced its own agenda by incorporating and subverting saltationist themes. Similarly, Lamarckism’s belief in the heritability of acquired characteristics has been discredited, but some of the facts to which it seems congenial reappear in genetic Darwinism as phenotypic plasticity and niche construction. These examples help assess challenges to Darwinism’s hegemony currently arising from the role of regulatory genes and epigenetic factors in development. Rather than executing already entrenched genetic programs and relying on chance mutation to initiate evolutionary change, the developmental process appears to generate heritable variations that ab initio respond to environmental factors in an adaptive way.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125838755"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125838755"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125838755; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125838755]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125838755]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125838755; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='125838755']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125838755, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=125838755]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":125838755,"title":"Darwinism in the Twentieth Century: Productive Encounters with Saltation, Acquired Characteristics, and Development","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Darwinism is one of several research traditions in evolutionary biology. I identify it, both before and after its unification with genetics, with Darwin’s theory of descent by natural selection from a common ancestor. Other traditions include saltationism/mutationism, Lamarckism, and evolutionary developmentalism (“evo-devo”). I argue that Darwinism’s continued dominance in evolutionary science reflects its proven ability to interact productively with these other traditions, an ability impressed on it by its founder’s example. Evolution by sudden leaps (saltations) is alien to the spirit of Darwinism, but Darwinism advanced its own agenda by incorporating and subverting saltationist themes. Similarly, Lamarckism’s belief in the heritability of acquired characteristics has been discredited, but some of the facts to which it seems congenial reappear in genetic Darwinism as phenotypic plasticity and niche construction. These examples help assess challenges to Darwinism’s hegemony currently arising from the role of regulatory genes and epigenetic factors in development. Rather than executing already entrenched genetic programs and relying on chance mutation to initiate evolutionary change, the developmental process appears to generate heritable variations that ab initio respond to environmental factors in an adaptive way.","publisher":"Springer Nature","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Springer eBooks"},"translated_abstract":"Darwinism is one of several research traditions in evolutionary biology. I identify it, both before and after its unification with genetics, with Darwin’s theory of descent by natural selection from a common ancestor. Other traditions include saltationism/mutationism, Lamarckism, and evolutionary developmentalism (“evo-devo”). I argue that Darwinism’s continued dominance in evolutionary science reflects its proven ability to interact productively with these other traditions, an ability impressed on it by its founder’s example. Evolution by sudden leaps (saltations) is alien to the spirit of Darwinism, but Darwinism advanced its own agenda by incorporating and subverting saltationist themes. Similarly, Lamarckism’s belief in the heritability of acquired characteristics has been discredited, but some of the facts to which it seems congenial reappear in genetic Darwinism as phenotypic plasticity and niche construction. These examples help assess challenges to Darwinism’s hegemony currently arising from the role of regulatory genes and epigenetic factors in development. Rather than executing already entrenched genetic programs and relying on chance mutation to initiate evolutionary change, the developmental process appears to generate heritable variations that ab initio respond to environmental factors in an adaptive way.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/125838755/Darwinism_in_the_Twentieth_Century_Productive_Encounters_with_Saltation_Acquired_Characteristics_and_Development","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-11-25T10:43:38.344-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":232177,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Darwinism_in_the_Twentieth_Century_Productive_Encounters_with_Saltation_Acquired_Characteristics_and_Development","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":232177,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Depew","page_name":"DavidDepew","domain_name":"uiowa","created_at":"2010-08-12T01:20:29.035-07:00","display_name":"David Depew","url":"https://uiowa.academia.edu/DavidDepew"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology"},{"id":3940,"name":"Evolutionary Developmental Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Developmental_Biology"},{"id":23457,"name":"Darwinism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Darwinism"},{"id":40422,"name":"Natural Selection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_Selection"},{"id":1177027,"name":"Modern Evolutionary Synthesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Evolutionary_Synthesis"},{"id":3647879,"name":"Springer Ebooks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Springer_Ebooks"}],"urls":[{"id":45785533,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69123-7_4"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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That Neo- Darwinism Defines Evolution as Random Mutation Plus Natural Selection","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_date":{"day":31,"month":12,"year":2015,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/125838753/Myth_20_That_Neo_Darwinism_Defines_Evolution_as_Random_Mutation_Plus_Natural_Selection","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-11-25T10:43:36.318-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":232177,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Myth_20_That_Neo_Darwinism_Defines_Evolution_as_Random_Mutation_Plus_Natural_Selection","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":232177,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Depew","page_name":"DavidDepew","domain_name":"uiowa","created_at":"2010-08-12T01:20:29.035-07:00","display_name":"David Depew","url":"https://uiowa.academia.edu/DavidDepew"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":788,"name":"Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology"},{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy"},{"id":23457,"name":"Darwinism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Darwinism"},{"id":40422,"name":"Natural Selection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_Selection"},{"id":195817,"name":"Harvard University","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Harvard_University"}],"urls":[{"id":45785531,"url":"https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674089167-022"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125838752"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125838752/The_Rhetoric_of_the_Origin_of_Species"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Rhetoric of the Origin of Species" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125838752/The_Rhetoric_of_the_Origin_of_Species">The Rhetoric of the Origin of Species</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cambridge University Press eBooks</span><span>, Nov 24, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">THE ORIGIN AS RHETORICAL ARGUMENTATION In 1828, the Oxford don Richard Whately, having in his Ele...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">THE ORIGIN AS RHETORICAL ARGUMENTATION In 1828, the Oxford don Richard Whately, having in his Elements of Logic (1826) defined argument as the connection between a claim and its support, proposed in its newly published counterpart, Elements of Rhetoric , to treat argumentative composition as a species of rhetoric…. The office of the logician is to infer, but the office of the rhetorician is to advocate by adducing proofs…. Thus even the philosopher who undertakes by writing or speaking to convey his notion to others assumes for the time being the character of advocate of the doctrines he maintains. (Whately 1963, 5) The idea that rhetoric is situated argumentation - argumentation giving reasons why a specific audience should come to the speaker’s side of a disputed issue or controversial topic - is old. Aristotle took this line when he defined rhetoric as the “ability to discover the available means of persuasion in each particular case” ( Rhetoric I.2.1355b27-8). The idea still has champions (Toulmin 2003). This argument-centered conception of rhetoric contrasts sharply with the equally ancient view that the specific task of a rhetor is not to find or set out an argument but skillfully to deck one out with whatever ornaments of speech might induce a presumably less-than-rational audience to be affected, even infected, by it. Scientists and philosophers assume just such a conception when they hold that logically valid, context-free, undecorated arguments are the only sort that count. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125838745"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125838745/Conceptual_Change_and_the_Rhetoric_of_Evolutionary_Theory_Force_Talk_as_a_Case_Study_and_Challenge_for_Science_Pedagogy"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Conceptual Change and the Rhetoric of Evolutionary Theory: ‘Force Talk’ as a Case Study and Challenge for Science Pedagogy" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125838745/Conceptual_Change_and_the_Rhetoric_of_Evolutionary_Theory_Force_Talk_as_a_Case_Study_and_Challenge_for_Science_Pedagogy">Conceptual Change and the Rhetoric of Evolutionary Theory: ‘Force Talk’ as a Case Study and Challenge for Science Pedagogy</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Springer eBooks</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Darwinian theories vary. Some of the variation consists in differences in conceptual frames. Thes...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Darwinian theories vary. Some of the variation consists in differences in conceptual frames. These identify the entities and processes over which natural selection ranges. Different conceptual schemes are most easily identifiable by the different images, similes, analogies, and metaphors—in general, tropes—by which evolutionary theories are brought to bear on particulars. I show how Darwin’s metaphors balanced function, chance, and determinism in living things by seeing artificial selection in terms of natural forces and natural forces in terms of artificial selection. I then argue that the Modern Evolutionary Synthesis highlighted Darwin’s view of natural selection as a creative process, which earlier Darwinians had abandoned, by shifting to a conceptual framework and family of tropes that made images of force and design recessive. With the use of mathematical game theory to model gene frequency changes in the 1970s, however, design and force metaphors became dominant again, with the unintended result that images of Darwinism as promoting a god-abandoned, dog-eat-dog that had lodged deeply in popular culture long ago, were reawakened. Analysis of evolutionary discourse that hopes to reach students and the public must attend closely to the uses and abuses of conceptual tropes, ‘force’ and ‘design’ among them. This poses a question for pedagogy. How well can one teach evolutionary science without teaching some of its conceptual, and hence its rhetorical, history? Will students perceive this history as enhancing their knowledge of evolution, as an irrelevant waste of time, or, in its contentious diversity, as undermining its scientific status? 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text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/120639416/Intelligent_Design_and_Irreducible_Complexity_A_Rejoinder">Intelligent Design and Irreducible Complexity: A Rejoinder</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Rhetoric and public affairs</span><span>, 1998</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6c13b4af44cb959e2fc10721f13cf5be" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":115724970,"asset_id":120639416,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115724970/download_file?st=MTczMjczNjIxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjczNjIxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span 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They are, says Michael Behe, \"irreducibly complex\" systems, systems \"composed of several interacting parts that contribute to the basic function\" in such a way that \"the removal of any one of the parts causes the system to effectively cease functioning.\"1 No such entity, it is claimed, can have come into existence bit by bit. Since Darwinian natural selection, the argument proceeds, is supposed to be committed to precisely such a gradualistic model of construction, Darwinism is said to be ruled out as a possible origin of organic organization. Stephen Meyer has taken this line of argument down to the most interesting level of all, the origin of life itself. It is well known that origin-of-life research is continuously stymied by the fact that nucleic acids specify proteins only if they are catalyzed by proteins. How could such an irreducibly complex system have come about? For Meyer, conscious design is the best explanation.2 Arguments of this form go back a long way. Plato was so committed to a version of the argument from design (or rather to design) that he recommended executing any citizen who refused, after remonstration and demonstration, to acknowledge that mere matter cannot produce organic form and function.3 Transmitted by the Stoics to modernity, the argument from design was so persuasively stated in William Paley's natural theology that Darwin devoted his entire life to rebutting it. Darwin was in turn challenged by William Whewell, Richard Owen, and Karl Ernst von Baer. When they asked questions such as, \"What's the good of a half a wing?\" they were putting forward versions of the irreducible complexity argument. Why, I wonder, are arguments of this sort prominent at the present juncture in the history of evolution-creationism debates? What is the rhetorical exigency for their new urgency? Having speculated about answers to this question, I will go on, in the briefest compass, to assert that the kind of complexity envisioned by Behe is David Depew is Professor of Communication Studies at the University of Iowa in Iowa City, Iowa, where he is also active in the Project on the Rhetoric of Inquiry.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1998,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Rhetoric and public affairs","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":115724970},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/120639416/Intelligent_Design_and_Irreducible_Complexity_A_Rejoinder","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-06-06T09:14:22.742-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":232177,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":115724970,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115724970/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"viewcontent.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115724970/download_file?st=MTczMjczNjIxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjczNjIxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Intelligent_Design_and_Irreducible_Compl.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/115724970/viewcontent-libre.pdf?1717694270=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIntelligent_Design_and_Irreducible_Compl.pdf\u0026Expires=1732739811\u0026Signature=OaOY5w0UUmq7cmY5RBjGian2aZaknMqKvVjJqmSwNKfKJNecezbRlct7adj3RbcJKJtu6Z4F5cWDjJWcXGcnASOccZJ-xYt0i2yF1-8SyAQjcEOz0SxxIF2pEhCe1mZeZ~fWMF2T3bV8-imHvbLLGfN0vmfu44aSE9iQksdo5UEsvU9FLTzK18gkj4GQx-lYNgoD78DIKrqhlCvH2WRsVW9P8m0OEYPhnC2BCe1NnTa5EzxkmchyF7LGhf9huJBtyoq7S1E-ZjHEMjYWZKpJ~E9U6cczo1slId7dtun4pAJrOG9MoxvCMjlURM-BZKTXqsM3rBNinpGI5q~PaN6Yrg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Intelligent_Design_and_Irreducible_Complexity_A_Rejoinder","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":232177,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Depew","page_name":"DavidDepew","domain_name":"uiowa","created_at":"2010-08-12T01:20:29.035-07:00","display_name":"David Depew","url":"https://uiowa.academia.edu/DavidDepew"},"attachments":[{"id":115724970,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/115724970/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"viewcontent.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115724970/download_file?st=MTczMjczNjIxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjczNjIxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Intelligent_Design_and_Irreducible_Compl.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/115724970/viewcontent-libre.pdf?1717694270=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIntelligent_Design_and_Irreducible_Compl.pdf\u0026Expires=1732739811\u0026Signature=OaOY5w0UUmq7cmY5RBjGian2aZaknMqKvVjJqmSwNKfKJNecezbRlct7adj3RbcJKJtu6Z4F5cWDjJWcXGcnASOccZJ-xYt0i2yF1-8SyAQjcEOz0SxxIF2pEhCe1mZeZ~fWMF2T3bV8-imHvbLLGfN0vmfu44aSE9iQksdo5UEsvU9FLTzK18gkj4GQx-lYNgoD78DIKrqhlCvH2WRsVW9P8m0OEYPhnC2BCe1NnTa5EzxkmchyF7LGhf9huJBtyoq7S1E-ZjHEMjYWZKpJ~E9U6cczo1slId7dtun4pAJrOG9MoxvCMjlURM-BZKTXqsM3rBNinpGI5q~PaN6Yrg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"},{"id":51608,"name":"Intelligent design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligent_design"},{"id":52408,"name":"Literary studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_studies"}],"urls":[{"id":42707984,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/rap.2010.0119"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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Mendelian genetics at first did not sit well with the gradualist assumptions of the Darwinian theory. Eventually, however. Mendelism and Darwinism were fused by reformulating natural selection in statistical terms. This reflected a shift to a more probabilistic set of background assumptions based upon Boltzmannian systems dynamics. Recent developments in molecular genetics and paleontology have put pressure on Darwinism once again. Current work on self-organizing systems may provide a stimulus not only for increased problem solving within the Darwinian tradition, especially with respect to origins of life, developmental genetics, phylogenetic pattern, and energy-flow ecology, but for deeper understanding of the very phenomenon of natural selection itself. Since selforganizational phenomena depend deeply on stochastic processes, self-organizational systems dynamics advance the probability revolution. In our view, natural selection is an emergent phenomenon of physical and chemical selection. These developments suggest that natural selection may be grounded in physical law more deeply than is allowed by advocates of the autonomy of biology, while still making it possible to deny, with autonomists, that evolutionary explanations can be modeled in terms of a deductive relationship between laws and cases. 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